Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Drôle de guerre (1939-1940) – France'
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Charpentier, Pierre-Frédéric. "Les intellectuels français de la Drôle de Guerre à la défaite (1939-1940)." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010566.
Full textSait, Aziz. "Les prévôtés, de « la drôle de guerre » à « l'étrange défaite » (1939-1940). Personnels, missions, représentations." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040240.
Full textFrom the launching of general mobilization, on september 2nd 1939, hundreds of provost detachments are appointed to french units and to allied armies. They are loaded, during the ten months of the campaign of 1939-1940, the maintaining of order in the two fronts of the zone of armies: the North-East and the Alps. Included in the system of constraint which weighs on the five millions French mobilized, the provost gendarmerie is called to complete several missions. It tracks down recalcitrant to the mobilization and it struggles against desertion, irregular absences and soldiers violence. She also assures the management of the military prisons and prisoners' transferences. As assistant helper of the military command, the provost gendarmerie watches in the application of measurements organizing the nation in times of war. It regulates and disciplines the circulation of the soldiers, watches and restrains that of the civilians to allow fluidity on roads borrowed by troops. The fear of a subversive action in armies, also leads provost gendarmerie to warn and to prevent led defeatists. The launching of active operations, on may 10th, 1940, puts the provost gendarmerie in the test of the war of movement. After the shock of Ardennes and the crushing defeat of the armies of the North, it reorganizes itself to answer the most urgent tasks: direct the retirement of troops, check panic and struggle against depredation. Objective is double: commit a "ungrateful" mission and put an end to the «black legend » of the provost gendarmes, inherited from the First World war
Bernard, Amaury. "Une guerre en suspens, 26 août 1939-10 mai 1940 : quand les combattants allemands, britanniques et français attendaient." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://faraway.parisnanterre.fr/login?url=http://bdr.parisnanterre.fr/theses/intranet/2019/2019PA100100/2019PA100100.pdf.
Full text"Sitzkrieg", "Phoney war" and "Drôle de guerre" are usually the terms used to describe the period from September 1st, 1939 to May 10th, 1940, marked by the absence of combat and boredom at the front. However, these terms conceal or even essentialize a more complex time, when memories of the Great War and the modernities of combat were intertwined. The comparison of German, British and French combatants from their mobilization - on 26 August 1939 for the Germans - to the launching of the campaign in the West, highlights this all too often forgotten period.Based on the front journals, diaries, letters and war diaries of the soldiers, but also official archives, this thesis questions the way in which the war that took place during the period from from September 1st, 1939 to May 10th, 1940, by its originality and atypical character, transformed the representations of German, British and French soldiers.This thesis has focused on showing that this pending war is defined first of all by the expectation of combat. The waiting months are for them a period of apprenticeship or relearning of the soldier's trade. This thesis then wanted to show that in all three armies, there is a questioning of the identity specific to combatants. It is a question of rediscovering a legitimacy, a meaning in their place, in their role in this war where they cannot fulfil their primary function, that of fighting
Birotheau, Gaël. "Mythe ou réalité d’un blocus maritime réussi : politiques et moyens mis en oeuvre par la marine française (Septembre 1939 – Juin 1940)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN20054.
Full textThis questioning of the Anglo-French blockade applied to its effectiveness, the measures taken to keep it regularly. Once a study’s treated, This work is on the setting up of the blockade, on the attempts to cross it, on the datagathering, on thecirculation of the information, on the netting of a net information and on the efficiency of the blockade. Trough the decisions taken by the naval headquarters, I interested in the gathering of information coming from the consulate, serst to the embassies and the naval attaché. Her information by itself to know how it was leading to the capture of the enemy vessels. Various aspects are considered to know how the German Merchant Navy has succeeded to get around the allied blockade. It focuses also on Neutrals attitude toward the blockade, to know now their managed in front of this problem. The elements in time as well as in space are decisive for the comprehension of the blockade dynamics and the different politics and methods used by the actors of conflict. Theses study enables understand the success and this failures of the first world size naval blockade
Martin, Patrick-André. "La Résistance dans le département de la Drôme : 1940-1944." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040077.
Full textThe Drôme, a transitional department and a manifold crossroad (geographical, regional, political, religious), has experienced many situations similar to those of France from 1940 to 1944, particularly those concerning the Resistance : civil, military, Movements, Networks, maquis (among them the one of the Vercors), etc. It's a good observation post of the relations which have woven between all those components, a good model of which it is, which allow to consider it as a human, organized, dynamic, open, multiple decision-maker system, with nebulous frontiers. Its appearance is minor, spontaneous, ubiquitous, it finds a favourable environment for its development. Its organisations are initiating from those pre-existing in the society before the war. It grows exponentially. Population provides it support and logistics. Drôme shows phenomena of notability, patrimoniality, functionnality, intentionnality, availability. The special features of the Résistance in the Drôme are due to its geography, its history and its culture. They are independent of the Resistance while interacting with it. The Resistance is one of the components which maintain the republican system after the war. Each social, political, cultural, religious, professional group may count some one's people, more or less numerous, among the Resistants, and may quote them as an example. Some Resistants are polyvalents, having several activities in the Résistance, members of several organisations. They are often key-men of the system. For that reason, the unity of the Resistance, both civil and military, has been very soon achieved in the Drôme. Rules which allow to study the Resistance are quite simple, but the games played are complicated. There are simultaneously unity and diversity. This system reproduce itself, basically, independently of the time and the place. Only the form changes : culture and time introduce irregularities of Resistance, according to the influence of circumstances on this phenomenon, both natural and cultural, on the way how it construct itself and the multiple roles it played
Prévélakis, Constantin. "Le Drapeau Français à Salonique ? : les projets français de Fronts d’Orient et l’équation géopolitique du sud-est européen Balkans, Turquie, Caucase, 1938-1940." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040232.
Full textFrom the aftermath of the Munich agreements in September 1938 until the Franco-German armistice of June 1940, the French governments have repeatedly tried to open an oriental front in South-Eastern Europe against Germany and its allies (USSR included). During these twenty months, Paris has thus initiated projects as a landing at Salonika, the occupation of the Dodecanese and other islands in the Aegean Sea, the blockage of the Danube or the bombing of the Caucasus oil installations, and tried to associate to these plans the United Kingdom, Turkey, Greece and the other Balkan states. Based on French, British, Greek and Turkish sources, this thesis perceives these projects as the result of an idealized remembrance of the Eastern Front of World War I, and considers their failure in the light of the extreme complexity and fluidity of the power struggle among the great and the small powers in the Balkans
Abzac-Epezy, Claude d'. "L'armée de l'air de Vichy : 1940-1944 /." Vincennes : Service historique de l'armée de l'air, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36181723v.
Full textAbzac-Epezy, Claude d'. "L'armée de l'air de Vichy : 1940-1944." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010637.
Full textThe Vichy air force was expected to disappear by the armistice conventions. However, the mers el-kebir and the dakar affairs brought it a temporary survival as hitler wanted france to keep a capacity to maintain its neutralism in Africa against the english and the Gaullist attacks. During the 1940-1942 years, the French air force slowly increased its power going through three phases of rearmament due to the military collaboration projects decided first at Montoire, then by the Paris protocols and the Saint Florentin meeting. Fights with allied aircrafts reached their peak with the Syrian affair in may-july 1941 and the allied landings in north Africa on november 8, 1942. Later, the German and Italian armies seized the French aircrafts on the French territory. However, the air force did not disappear but survived as an air defence army tightly controlled by the luftwaffe. At the liberation, after a hasty purge, this air force without planes was amalgamated to the French air force coming from north Africa and together participated to the victory combats. To study the Vichy air force gives elements to understand the Franco-German military relations during the occupation. Most of the all, it allow to better apprehend the adhesion mechanisms to the French state and to its policy of collaboration. The systematic exploitation of the historic department of the French air force archives and of more than two hundred recorded interviews shows how much the idea of collaboration, mainly in the military sector, was concealed by a revenge speech, and even by some underground actions maintaining the illusion of a double game until the end
Bellec, Audrey. "Les Parisiennes en 1939-1940, de l'évacuation à l'exode : un quotidien inédit." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070055.
Full textThe May-June 1940 exodus represents the major popular event of the Second World War in France. Its existence has long been left in the dark as it is considered to be the symbol of defeat. The main aim of this study is to provide a social reading of events which have so far mostly been analysed from a military or politico-historical point of view. This study adds a gender dimension to the problem, showing that women were in fact the main actor of that event. Women, children and the elderly constituted the core of the frightened population that fled the German troops. In 1939-1940, the parisiennes are in constant motion: evacuated, expelled, choosing to move on, forced into emergency exodus, etc. The urgency and the direction of their movement depends on the current state of the conflict that opposes France and Germany. In spite of themselves, women find themselves on the forefront of the war, having to face a situation unheard of all social points of reference are gone, their responsibilities tenfold, their children and their elders in their charge. Millions of women become heads of family for an unknown period of time. They face a new reality: evacuation, exodus and repatriation
Namba, Chizuru Henriot Christian. "Occupation, colonisation et culture en Indochine, 1940-1945 rivalité et accommodements franco-japonais /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2006. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2006/namba_c.
Full textBoulet, François. "Les Alpes françaises, 1940-1944 : des montagnes-refuges aux montagnes-maquis /." Bordeaux : les Presses franciliennes, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41413743f.
Full textBarten, Martin Johannes. "Frankreich und die Sowjetunion 1940-1945 : eine ungleiche Freundschaft : ein Beitrag zur französischen Aussenpolitik während des Zweiten Weltkrieges /." Hamburg : Kovač, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41015588n.
Full textSoëte, Martine. "L'aryanisation économique : commissaires-gérants et administrateurs provisoires : Vichy, 1940-1944." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010632.
Full textLacour-Astol, Catherine. "La Résistance féminine : répression et reconnaissance (1940-début des années 1950) : l'exemple du Nord." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0050.
Full textThe North of France, which was twice occupied by the German army, is an ideal area from which to examine the gender of the Resistance as well as the development of women’s constructions. This thesis aims at approaching the women’s Resistance and its representations, by means of repression and gratitude. The repression, as conducted by the OFK 670, revealed an earlier and diverse Resistance, the original feature of which lied in assistance. The repression also displayed the autonomy of women’s commitment to the Resistance. The majority of the female victims of the German repression have acted in an individual way. Nevertheless, the repression which touched them depended on sexual difference, through its chronology, its methods, its intensity. Post-war years were the time of a contrasted and ephemeral recognition. The political scene and field of honors opened up to the female members of the Resistance. Studying the different actors of gratitude (Resistance organizations, local powers, members of Resistance), its chronology – during the war, and once the war was over – and its cultural determiners, showed that women themselves represented the most important brake to the recognition of female resisters and women’s Resistance. Female members of Resistance had no interest in social recognition, thus they have ignored the step to obtain medals or status of « volunteer fighter of the Resistance ». At the same time, they have played a small role in the building of the Resistance memory, which can explain why, in the case of women, the figure of the victim competes with that of the Resistant
Ebako, Éliane. "Le ralliement du Gabon à la France Libre : une guerre franco-française (septembre-décembre 1940)." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040051.
Full textFrom september to december 1940, Gabon was the theatre of military action between Frenchmen. These fights put to grips Gaullists and Vichysts. Coming from Cameroon in the North, and from Pointe Noire (French Congo) in the South, the Free French Forces rallied this colony, starting from inland, seldom by persuasion, most of the time by armed forces. Facing the authorities of this territory, which were stubbornly loyal to Vichy, General de Gaulle was compelled to go over to the offensive in order to break down the resistance of this colony. The point was to destroy this vichyst bridgehead so as to use this small territory as a back basis, in order to resume fighting at the side of the British Forces, especially on the Libyan battlefront. Libreville was the most important place for the operations of this civil war, which has been now willingly forgotten
Francia, Sylvain. "Le gouvernement et l'armée polonaise en France de septembre 1939 à juin 1940." Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2009_out_francia_s.pdf.
Full textThis thesis is about the Polish government in exile in France from 30th September 1939 after the defeat in Poland and also about the Polish army on the French territory. This army took part with the French army to the battle of France from 10th May 1940 to 25th June 1940. Gen-eral SIKORSKI made Prime Minister of this government by President RACZKIEWICZ was the commander in chief of this army. There are three parts. The first one is about the Polish government in exile. The second one is about the army and the third one about the Polish Air force in France. The Polish navy didn't take part of the military operations
Msellati, Henri. "Les Juifs d'Algérie sous le régime de Vichy : 10 juillet 1940-3 novembre 1943 /." [Maisons-Alfort] (99 Av. Général-Leclerc, 94700) : [H. Msellati], 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb361619606.
Full textEn appendice, choix de documents. Bibliogr. f. 328-335. Index.
Duverlie, Dominique. "Les Picards face à l'occupation allemande : le département de la Somme du 20 mai 1940 au 3 septembre 1944 /." [Amiens] : Bibliothèque municipale d'Amiens, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39216688h.
Full textMsellati, Henri Riveline Ephraïm. "La communauté juive d'Algérie sous le régime de Vichy : 10 juillet 1940-3 novembre 1943 /." [Maisons-Alfort] (99 Av. du Général-Leclerc, 94700) : [H. Msellati], 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35851265v.
Full textDouzou, Laurent. "Le mouvement de résistance Libération-Sud (1940-1944)." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010640.
Full textOut of the three main resistance movements created in the southern zone of France in 1940-1941, liberation-sud was the only one which had never been studied as a whole yet. The thesis is divided into three parts. First,it stresses the "prehistoric" period of the movement (autumn 1940-march 1941), when a small group was formed to gather those who did not intend to follow the French government of Vichy. The second part (march 1941-december 1942) studies the movement itself. The chronology of its growth, the periodisation of its activity,the personnality of those who helped its developpement,the way the movement worked and organized its services,its settlement in the various regions and districts (which allows to outline a sociology of its members) : such are the themes treated. The third part studies the thought and the political strategy of the movement between 1941 and 1944 through a study of its underground press on the one hand, and by focusing on the links it developped with the other movements and with Général De Gaulle's authority on the other hand. It deals especially with a question often tackled by historians: that of communist
Alary, Éric. "La ligne de démarcation (1940-1944)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001IEPP0036.
Full textAzéma, Jean-Pierre. "La France des années sombres, 1938-1948 : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux : : rapport de présentation des travaux]." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987IEPP0019.
Full textPercheron, Bénédicte. "La vie musicale en Seine-Inférieure pendant la seconde guerre mondiale." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUEL562.
Full textMusical life in Seine-Inférieure has known a real paradox during the Second World war. While the economy didn't seem appropriate to entertainment, theatres were attracting an important public for each performance. Concerts grew more and more in a various way during the German occupation ; music became a tool for political propaganda, of Resistance or, on the countrary, a place of setting off. Art has indeed been holding the most important space in the strategy of the Nazi conquest, because it was used for asserting the German cultural superiority on the occupied territories. The German presence, but also the various international political events, got to many changes in Seine-Inférieure about musical life. So, how can we say that a set of beliefs in presence contributed to change the musical landscape in Seine-Inférieure, but also its repertoire and the traditionnal organisation of entertainments? The Second World war appears as a real slowing stage in the cultural history of the local county, but the events which took place during this period drew the musical landscape of the second part of the XXth century in Seine-Inférieure
Ligier, Damien Hatzfeld Nicolas Loubet Jean-Louis. "Les unités de chars de combat 1939-1940 étude par le fond d'archives 34 N 401 à 449 et autres lectures /." [S.l.] : [S.n.], 2008. http://www.biblio.univ-evry.fr/memoires/2008/2008_MM2_Histoire_Ligier.pdf.
Full textLévêque, François. "Les relations franco-soviétiques pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale : de la défaite à l'alliance (1939-1945) (étude historique d'après les archives du quai d'Orsay)." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010627.
Full text1) first section : 1939-1941. The anti-soviet politics of the french leaders : motivations, failures,. . . Attitudes of french and soviet leaders towards european instability resulting from the defeat of france in 1940. 2) second section : 1940-1945. Ussr ands the comeback of france : conditions of moscow's support for de gaulle's policy. Position of france during the comeback of the ussr in europe
Chaix, Bruno. "Conception et déroulement de l'intervention des forces franco-britanniques en belgique au mois de mai 1940." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010552.
Full textThis thesis analyses the background to the entry of the franco-british forces into Belgium on the 10 may 1940 to counter-attack the invasion of this neutral country by the Germans. The study focuses on the conception of the plan, itself the result of many strategic decisions taken between the two wars and of changes made during the phoney war, to reflect the attitudes of the Belgians and the Dutch who had remained neutral. After that, it describes its execution and explains why the plan failed with the allied being very quickly defeated by the german forces who prevailed over every strategic field. At the end of this analysis, the author suggests an explanation for this unexspected military defeat
Rosenzweig, Françoise. "L'Oise allemande (25 juin 1940-2 septembre 1944) : impact économique et social dans le département." Paris 8, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA082299.
Full textThe Oise, one of the 95 main administrative divisions of France, was continually occupied by the german forces from june 25th, 1940 to september 2nd, 1944. The occupying forces' goal was to exploit the department's agricultural and industrial resources as well as its manpower. This exploitation took place in four steps : a disorganized looting until the end of 1940, a more rational spell of "modus vivendi" till spring 1942, an attempt to integrate the Oise department in total warfare up to march 1944, followed by the return of plundering from march to september 1944. It was also accompanied by the persecution, despoilment and extermination of the department Jews. Hit by bombings and acts of sabotage, from now deprived of means of transport and the whole of its production stopped, at the time of Liberation, the department has been bled white
Schaufelbuehl, Janick Marina. "La France et la Suisse, 1940-1954 : relations économiques, financières et politiques." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA082814.
Full textThis thesis describes the relations between France and Switzerland, during the decisive period of their history : 1940-1954. Our study combines a macro-economic level of analysis with a qualitative approach, based on archival documents in France, Switzerland and the United States. Our research focuses an commercial and financial relations. On a commercial level, Swiss industry benefits from the temporary impairment of Germany to win solid grounds in the French machinery sector. France exports coal, iron and steel to Switzerland, even in times of extreme shortage, directly after the war. These forms of trade are directly linked to financial interests. Swiss banking credits are crucial on the French economy. Reciprocally, the enormous Franch assets that seek refuge in Switzerland from taxation and monetary instability are essential to the Swiss financial centre on its way to become one of the worlds leading centres for wealth management
Luneau-Galy, Aurélie. "La B. B. C. Et les Français : de l'écoute à l'action, 1940-1944." Bordeaux 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR30028.
Full textBoulet, François. "Les montagnes françaises 1940-1944 : des montagnes-refuges aux montagnes-maquis." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20112.
Full textThree chronologies, topographies and morals emerge from this "geohistory" (Fernand Braudel) of the french mountains between 1940 and 1944. First, Marshall Petain's mountains from 1940 to 1942, where the local way of life or "temperament" (André Siegfried) can be found in the traditional values. "Petinophile" patriotism, different from "vichysme" prevails, particulary in the eastern border mountains, with anti-german and anti-italian feelings symbolised by the Marshall Petain Peak (3507 m. ) and the novel "Premier de cordée" by patriot writer Roger Frison-Roche. The time of withdrawal and "shield" begins after the defeat, with a new feeding and attractive mountain. Then, from 1941 to 1943, mountains become "swiss", like a proverb. They openly reject the policy of collaboration with the Germans and stand in favour of a pro-allied neutrality. Black or grey markets flourish mainly in luxury tourist villages, thus giving rise to anti-tourist and anti-jew feelings - not to be confounded with anti-semitism. On the other hand, protestant mountain appears morally and spiritually with the welcome of jewish population. At last, and from the days of the STO law (16/02/1943), mountains become "balkanic" (Winston Churchill) with the heroic time of "maquis". In 1943, the mountains shelter 100,000 young "refractaires" supported by the local farmers whom they eventually help. By the end of 1943, warlike passions prevail : mountains become terrifying with early "maquis" of Haute-Savoie and Correze, up the capital's maquis, Grenoble and the famous meeting of 1944 : Glières, Mont Mouchet and Vercors. Local villagers fear the false maquis and german reprisals. To conclude : the "beautiful" refuge-mountain for Jews and "refractaires" and the "sublime" maquis-mountain of maquis are to be distinguished the one from the other ; marginal mountain can be seen in the center of the history of occupied France
Gillot-Voisin, Jeanne. "La Saône-et-Loire sous Hitler." Mâcon (rue de Strasbourg, 71000) : Fédération des oeuvres laïques, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36694236m.
Full textBibliogr. 247-248. Index.
Gayme, Évelyne. "L'image des prisonniers de guerre français de la Seconde guerre mondiale : 1940-2000." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100127.
Full textContrarily to World War One prisoners of war, those of World War Two have never been forgotten. Owing to the movie La Grande Illusion, which came out in 1937 and again in 1946, prisoners were in all minds, especially as every family knew a prisoner personally. A basic image spread, in which the French people recognized themselves : prisoners were victims, average Frenchmen. This image was created during the war and carried on, owing to movies, literature and the self-censored witnesses who agreed with the existing image. As prisoners of war feared they had to justify themselves for the French defeat, censored themselves and selected the tales they chose to tell. However the public opinion's view was only negative during summer and autumn of 1945, on account of the Pétain trial. But prisoners of war were officially proclaimed fighting men as from 1949. This image, though constantly present in society, did not alter much and at that only with the abilities of identification and the expectations of the French people. The prisoner of war was an ordinary man facing the gaullien resistant during the Sixties. He hated war while decolonization took place. He proved that the enemy could be human even when the Cold War demonized the Other. During the Fifties, a minority among senior prisoners rose against this image, which did not show their private sufferings and the values in which they believed. The prisoners chose the Seventies to reestablish a more realistic picture of what they had lived through and enlightered the dark hours of World War Two. Unsuccessfully : the French people being unable to identify with too specific an image. Nowadays, senior prisoners argue that each one of their experience was so unique that no one image can reflect the diversity or their traumas
Zilberberg, Jean-Jacques. "L'image des Etats-Unis dans la France et son empire durant la seconde guerre mondiale." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030052.
Full textIin 1939, the United States are seen though their cultural dimension : cinema, litterature, jazz, swing. They have no political presence in france yet. However, the 6 years of war time will transform america's isolationist image into the one of a super power that has freed a destroyed france. In the french empire, the United States have intervened for the first time in french colonies. The impact is significant on the historical evolution of these people. The data is sourced from local gouvernment, police and postal control reports, as well as from press and radio
Agostini-Lippi, Karyn. "Les prisonniers de guerre de l'axe en main française 1939-1940 / 1942-1948 : statut hypothétique - gestion casuelle - conséquences aléatoires." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32036.
Full textFrom the beginning of the conflict to the moment of the implementation of the armistice, France only held a few hundred German prisoners of war. Nevertheless, this period is primordial because it corresponds with the enforcement of a regulation creating a specific management organisation and defining measures applied to prisoners of war. The Forces francaises libres [Free french forces] applied this in its entirety following the resumption of hostilities in French North Africa in 1942. However, this regulation had to be supplemented in 1945 to enable the management of more than one million prisoners of war native from most Axis countries. In order to analyse the legal evolution of France's management of these prisoners, it is necessary to integrate the study of the application of Geneva Conventions as well as the relationship of the French authorities with their powerful British and American Allies
Baruch, Marc-Olivier. "Servir l'État français : l'administration en France de 1940 à 1944." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996IEPP0008.
Full textQuestions of state were at the heart of the analysis made by the regime attempting to govern France from Vichy : to rebuild France meant first restoring the French state, an exercise whose importance had already been underlined by the new regime in adopting its name of "l'Etat francais". The working of the administration, an essential tool of government during this period poses three types of question. First, how and why did the civil service of the republic adapt to the "Révolution nationale" which was proposing, openly, to break with 70 years of republican tradition. Then one needs to know the extent to which the government could, would and knew how to get itself obeyed by its agents and to make them accept its model of the state. Here one is trying to measure how far the administration asserted its independence and how this affected the functioning of the state. Finally it is necessary to measure the role of the administration in the politics of collaboration, holding the balance between the restraints imposed by the Germans and the autonomy which the French government enjoyed, at least for its first two years. This thesis is concerned more particularly with four bodies. Three are at the heart of the state : the Ministry of the Interior, which controls at the same time the administrative organisation of the country and the police; the Budget Office ("Direction du budget") ; and the "Secrétariat general de la vice-présidence du Conseil", charged with the coordination of the political and administrative aspects of the state
Laurent, Benoit. "L' évacuation de 1939-1940 pour les départements du Bas-Rhin, du Haut-Rhin et de la Moselle : Etude juridique, économique et sociale." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2011/LAURENT_Benoit_2011.pdf.
Full textThe evacuation of Alsace-Moselle (Bas-Rhin, Haut-Rhin and Moselle) in 1939-40, with about 700. 000 displaced persons, is one of the most underestimated chapters in modern history. This thesis deals with the evacuation and temporary habitation of the displaced population in the Southwest and with its return. The concept of evacuation is defined first and foremost before approaching the political context at the time and the preparations for the operation. The first part of this paper discusses the conditions in which the evacuation and settlement unfolded, drawing on testimonies from diverse sources. As a result of the evacuation, the departmental and communal administrations were significantly reshaped. In the second part, the paper deals with the economic and social consequences of the event. The Armistice of 1940 signed by France and Germany signalled the return of a great majority of the evacuees to their region of origin. The German administration also imposed conditions of return, using a harsh filtering process. Moreover, the Germans erased all traces of French presence. The thesis then approaches the issue of compensation, assistance perceived by the evacuees, as well as the payment of requisitions ordered by civil and military authorities. This paper is not concerned with judging the legitimacy of the evacuation. Rather, with the aid of numerous archival documents, it demonstrates the incoherence of an operation which, in theory, appeared flawless. Three main reasons can be attributed for this: the lack of material means, the lack of cohesion between civil and military authorities and, in particular, the lack of preliminary information to the concerned population
Moreau, Jean-Bernard. "Attitudes, moral et opinions des officiers français prisonniers de guerre en Allemagne (1940-1945)." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040279.
Full textLetang, Géraud. "Mirages d'une rébellion : être Français libre au Tchad (1940-1943)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0042.
Full textMy dissertation examines the impact of the collective disobedience on individual lives, colonial communities and the gaullist ideology in Chad during the Second World War. After a a dissent on the 26th August 1940, this seemingly remote and marginal African colony became a military and political laboratory in which General de Gaulle’s organization faced a great number of political, military and colonial challenges. This work tries to contribute to three ongoing scholarly debates : the choices that people make in wartime and their repercussions ; the profound and ambiguous effects by the Second World War on colonial empires and imperialism ; the dialectic between mobilization and demobilization in the personal writings and memories. Drawing on documents collected in French, British and American archives, I analyze the different ways in which Free French soldiers, colonial administrators and so-called “indigenous” people from Chad had a specific combat experience which reworked the links between the French motherland and its colonies. Moreover, these ambiguities had been strengthened by the desert war. The military operations in Southern Libya between 1941 and 1943 implied an unexpected war violence. The rebelion which founded the Free French Chad was considered as a problem even by the colonial officers and administrors who organized it during the summer 1940. They believed that it deeply undermined their legitimacy as rulers of the Empire. Warfare in Chad was therefore conceived as a way to produce a renewed elite for France after its liberation. Nonetheless, these great expectations were at variance with the poverty and the boredom which damaged the combat motivation of the Free French troops. Furthermore, the chiefs who appeared thanks to the colonial dissent and the desert war had great difficulties to realize how much the German Occupation had changed their homeland
Dreyfus, Jean-Marc. "L'aryanisation économique des banques : la confiscation des banques "juives" en France sous l'occupation et leur restitution à la libération, 1940-1952." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010628.
Full textCourteaux, Olivier. "Les relations franco-canadiennes entre 1940 et 1946 : les relations oubliées." Paris 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA040081.
Full textApart from General de Gaulle's state visit to Canada in 1967, little is known of the diplomatic relations between France and Canada. Yet, there has been diplomatic relations since World War I. .
Jungius, Martin. "Der verwaltete Raub : die "Arisierung" der Wirtschaft in Frankreich in den Jahren 1940 bis 1944 /." Ostfildern : J. Thorbecke, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb412809363.
Full textAglan, Alya. "Le mouvement Libération-Nord, 1940-1947 : un engagement politique dans la résistance." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998IEPP0017.
Full textThis study reconstitutes the history of one of the great resistance movements of the northern zone which grew out of converging initiatives of first confederated and christian trade unionits and later, from the socialists. The study is divided into three parts : journal, movement, and action, which correspond to the three different stages of the history of Liberation Nord with several cross-cutting analyses, about the sociology of the movement and the solidarity networks where recruitment was made. As soon as the links with London were established, thanks to Christian Pineau's trip in March-April 1942, activities which first centered on the production and distribution of the newspaper liberation started to spread, through the networks Cohors and Phalanx, to economic and political intelligence. At the start of 1943, the mouvement dedicated itself to the organisation of the secret army while redoubling its efforts in the struggle against the STO. By 1944 Liberation Nord became a complex structure having developed, besides its numerous militant ramifications, a true apparatus for military combat, without ever giving up its primary vocation of political propaganda, an activity which will it will continue to pursue even after the Liberation
Pollack, Guillaume. "A travers les frontières : la résistance des réseaux (1940-1945)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H045.
Full textThis thesis is the first global study about French Resistance networks during the Second World War (1940-1945). We ask several questions. How did these organisations break out political borders built in Europe by the Nazis after their victory in France in May-June 1940 ? How did these networks construct communications beyond these borders (by air, earth and sea) with the Allied secret services in only four years ? Finally, through the study of fighting experience, the role distribution in these networks and the question of repression, we also wonder : how did the clandestine war disrupt gender relations between men and women fighting against the Nazis ?
Michel, Raphaël. "Être préfet sous l'Occupation : un département de la zone Nord : la Somme (1940-1944)." Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0010.
Full textThe analysis of the role and of the way the French prefectures were ruled under Vichy's regime is one of the most interesting issue in the current historical research. However, even if there are more and more studies on the national scale, there wasn't any studies so far on a regional scale. The Somme suited such a study : it was in the zone nord, divided into three parts, devastated by the battles of May, 1940 and occupied at a large level. The Somme was the area where there was the most important number of succeeding prefets at its head from 1940 to 1944. Therefore, il became relevant to see the constraints these factors provoked for the prefets and how these difficulties changed in the period. It was also interesting to study the motivations and the behaviour of the Somme's several prefets
Gounand, Pierre. "Une ville française sous l'Occupation : Dijon 1940-1944." Dijon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990DIJOL004.
Full textSchiavon, Max. "Une victoire dans la défaite : racines, enjeux, significations : le 14ème corps d'armée sur le front central des Alpes en juin 1940." Thesis, Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ002L.
Full textThe french army led a victorious battle in the Alps on june, 1940. It is undoubtedly, even today, the most unrecognized aspect of various fights which happened on may-june, 1940. A general study of french-italian relationships and geopolitical context allows to understand why Italy declared war on France after such complex and passionate relationships. In order to explain the context of preparation of the battle on each side of the border, this essay will focus on the specific aspects of war in mountains, in particular the fortifications of the Alps, the training of troops well suited to the environment as well as the plans of operations. The precise study of the fightings is centered on the middle front of the alps, specifically on the geographical areas of Briançonnais, Queyras and Ubaye. the defense of this front of more than 120 kilometres, amended in depth throughout the period of the phoney war, is finally entrusted to only two large units of 14th army corps, the dauphiné fortified sector and the 64th infantry division, which will be opposed to more than 6 italian divisions. Both armis, their tactics, their force and weakness are presented ; the detailed sequence of operations is returned in details and analysed. A balance sheet allows understanding the many causes of italian forces failure. Finally, human, tactic and policy lessons are learned before tackling the various consequences of these events
Puybouffat-Merrien, Rose. "Vichy et les femmes : ordre moral, contrôle social, accommodement et résistances : famille, jeunesse, travail." Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0018.
Full textLorentz, Claude. "Les restitutions allemandes au lendemain de la seconde guerre mondiale : 1943-1954." Strasbourg 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STR30001.
Full textAthe aim of this thesis is the study of the settlement of the important question for france of the german restitutions after world war ii. Its first part shows french and interallied plans between 1943 and 1945 within the framework of the studies of an armistice convention and then, the attemps of the four occupying powers of germany to elaborate a method of restitutions consistent with reparations. This part permit to know the deep differences of opinion between the french one part, and the american, the british and the soviets, other part. In the second time thesis exposes the execution of restitutions in the years 1945-1954, are successively scutinized restitutions of economic goods (industrial and agricultural), of monetary gold and transferable securities, of precious and artistic goods. The last chapiter gives a global evaluation at the year of 1954 and tries to estimat the impact of restitutions on french and german economies
Bertrand-Chaud, Sophie. "Turma-Vengeance : un mouvement de résistance apolitique en zone Nord (1940-1946)." Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STET2099.
Full textTurma-Vengeance has been fouded, since January 1941 by Victor Dupont, Raymond Chanel and François Wetterwald. Three résistance groups are elaborating : escape, intelligence and action. Escape is on of the first installed by Raymond Chanel, in Nièvre, who joins with Vengeance group, soma agents from the Armée des Volontaires. Victor Dupont has created many little résistance groups distributed in North Zone. In November 1942, after German invasion of the South Zone, Victor Dupont allies with Ceux de La Libération to preserve a contact with Allied. Passy names the intelligence corps, Turma. In 1943, Victor Dupont and François Wetterwald have succeeded in spreading out Corps Francs in nine North Zone areas. Action groups are formed including The Special Section. Associated with Libre Patrie, Libération and Confrérie Notre Dame, they establish connections on Belgium. The law at last on year 1943 and see 1944 put an end to Turma. With the training of military manager, in the School of Cerisy Belle Etoile and the secret honour Committee, Vengeance recoves. Estimated by British S. A. S. , for their military groups, Vengeabce troops integrated in F. F. I. , are efficients in battles of France Liberation. Not political, Vengeance will quickly break away from C. D. L. L. In 1945 and 1946. Come back from concentration camps, the founders are working for the recognition of their movement and create a Friendly Society to regroup Turma-Vengeance ex-servicemen
Blain, Julien. "Les trains sanitaires en France pendant les guerres de 1870, de 1914-1918 et la campagne de mai-juin 1940." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA072039.
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