Relevant bibliographies by topics / Drought stress

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Drought stress'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 March 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Drought stress.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Drought stress"

1

Nasir, Muhammad Waqar, and Zoltan Toth. "Effect of Drought Stress on Potato Production: A Review." Agronomy 12, no. 3 (March 4, 2022): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12030635.

Full text
Abstract:
Potato is the third most consumed crop globally after rice and wheat. It is a short-duration crop, versatile in use, suitable for growing in a wide range of environments, and its production is increasing rapidly. The modern potato is considered a drought-sensitive crop, and it is susceptible to yield loss because of drought stress. Unfortunately, drought severity, frequency, and extent have been increasing around the globe because of climate change. Potato drought susceptibility has primarily been attributed to its shallow root system. However, several studies in past decades have suggested that drought susceptibility of potato also depends upon the type, developmental stage, and the morphology of the genotype, and the duration and severity of drought stress. They have been overlooked, and root depth is considered the only significant cause of potato drought susceptibility. This review combines these studies to understand the varying response of potato genotypes. This review also explores the current potato production scenario and the effect of varying degrees of drought stress on potatoes’ growth, development, and yield. In the absence of drought-tolerant genotypes, agronomic practices should be improved to mitigate drought stress. Late maturing cultivars, nutrient management, mulching, and foliar application of plant growth regulators can be used during prolonged droughts. Irrigation at tuber initiation and the tuber bulking stage during early droughts can reduce the adverse effects of drought.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Handayani, Tri, and Kazuo Watanabe. "The combination of drought and heat stress has a greater effect on potato plants than single stresses." Plant, Soil and Environment 66, No. 4 (April 30, 2020): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/126/2020-pse.

Full text
Abstract:
Several research groups have examined the effects of drought stress and heat stress on potato, but few investigations of the effects of combined drought-heat stress have been reported. Using five potato lines, the potato plants’ responses to drought stress, heat stress, as well as combined drought-heat stress were studied, to get the insight in phenotypic shift due to abiotic stresses. The experiment was conducted as a growth room experimental under non-stress and abiotic stresses (drought, heat, and combined drought-heat) conditions. The results demonstrated that potato plants responded to the abiotic stresses by decreasing their plant height, leaf size, cell membrane stability, and relative water content (RWC). However, increasing their leaf chlorophyll content under drought and combined drought-heat stresses. Generally, the combined drought-heat stress had a greater effect on the tested traits. The potato line L1 (84.194.30) showed the lowest level of wilting in all three types of abiotic stress, supported by a small RWC change compared to the control condition; L1 is thus considered relatively tolerant to abiotic stress. The potato lines’ different responses to each type of abiotic stress indicate that the potato lines have different levels of sensitivity to each abiotic stress.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Nasaruddin, N., Muh Farid Bdr, Yunus Musa, Hari Iswoyo, Muhammad Fuad Anshori, Andi Isti Sakinah, Muh Arifuddin, Adinda Asri Laraswati, and Ardian Reski Handayani. "Character Selection and Tolerance Screening Efectivity on Static Hydroponic Method Under Drought Stress in Rice." Agrotech Journal 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31327/atj.v5i2.1349.

Full text
Abstract:
This research was aimed to evaluate the efectivity of screening method and identification of tolerance screening selection character in statis hydroponic system towards drough stress. The research was carried out in Hydroponic Screenhouse Perdos Unhas, Tamalanrea, Makassar which throughout February-April 2020. This research was conducted in factorial design in nested patterns, where environment was the nested replication. Environments used were normal (0% PEG) and drought stress (10% PEG). Five rice varieties were used: Inpari 34, Ciherang, IR29 and Jeliteng. Research result showed that canopy height and fresh weight were the suitable selection character in drought tolerance screening through statis hydroponic cultivation. Grouping consistency was found between drought and salinity stress. Inpari 34, Ciherang, Jeliteng and Inpari 29 was considered to be have drought tolerance, whilst IR29 was examined to be responsive to drough stress in hydroponic culture. From the overall result, it can be concluded that hydroponic screening and PEG application was quite effective in rice drought stress tolerance screening
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Hellwig, Jost, Michael Stoelzle, and Kerstin Stahl. "Groundwater and baseflow drought responses to synthetic recharge stress tests." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 25, no. 2 (February 25, 2021): 1053–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1053-2021.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract. Groundwater is the main source of freshwater and maintains streamflow during drought. Potential future groundwater and baseflow drought hazards depend on the systems' sensitivity to altered recharge conditions. We performed groundwater model experiments using three different generic stress tests to estimate the groundwater and baseflow drought sensitivity to changes in recharge. The stress tests stem from a stakeholder co-design process that specifically followed the idea of altering known drought events from the past, i.e. asking whether altered recharge could have made a particular event worse. Across Germany, groundwater responses to the stress tests are highly heterogeneous, with groundwater heads in the north more sensitive to long-term recharge and in the Central German Uplands to short-term recharge variations. Baseflow droughts are generally more sensitive to intra-annual dynamics, and baseflow responses to the stress tests are smaller compared to the groundwater heads. The groundwater drought recovery time is mainly driven by the hydrogeological conditions, with slow (fast) recovery in the porous (fractured rock) aquifers. In general, a seasonal shift of recharge (i.e. less summer recharge and more winter recharge) will have lesser effects on groundwater and baseflow drought severity. A lengthening of dry spells might cause much stronger responses, especially in regions with slow groundwater response to precipitation. Water management may need to consider the spatially different sensitivities of the groundwater system and the potential for more severe groundwater droughts in the large porous aquifers following prolonged meteorological droughts, particularly in the context of climate change projections indicating stronger seasonality and more severe drought events.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Kim, Yoonha, Yong Suk Chung, Eungyeong Lee, Pooja Tripathi, Seong Heo, and Kyung-Hwan Kim. "Root Response to Drought Stress in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 4 (February 22, 2020): 1513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041513.

Full text
Abstract:
The current unpredictable climate changes are causing frequent and severe droughts. Such circumstances emphasize the need to understand the response of plants to drought stress, especially in rice, one of the most important grain crops. Knowledge of the drought stress response components is especially important in plant roots, the major organ for the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil. Thus, this article reviews the root response to drought stress in rice. It is presented to provide readers with information of use for their own research and breeding program for tolerance to drought stress in rice.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Stoelzle, Michael, Maria Staudinger, Kerstin Stahl, and Markus Weiler. "Stress testing as complement to climate scenarios: recharge scenarios to quantify streamflow drought sensitivity." Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 383 (September 16, 2020): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-383-43-2020.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract. Precipitation deficits and temperature anomalies are often the main cause for low flows and summer streamflow droughts. However, where groundwater is the main contribution to sustain water availability and ecological integrity during dry spells, the role of recharge and catchment storage is crucial to understand streamflow drought sensitivity. Here we introduce recharge stress tests as complement to climate scenarios to characterize and quantify the streamflow drought sensitivities of catchments. The stress tests are presented by applying them to six headwater catchments in Switzerland with various catchment and streamflow characteristics. The stress tests drive the bucket-type hydrological model HBV in a framework, in which pre-drought recharge conditions can be decreased to test how catchments respond to and recover from drought. We identified an upper limit of stress test durations around 12 months as indicator of maximum recharge- and storage-memory for the study catchments. Varying response on stress testing across the catchments suggests different storage properties and thus different recovery times from drought. From the stress test simulations, we found up to 200 d longer summer streamflow droughts with additional streamflow deficits which account for up to 40 d of median flow. Using a worst-case pre-drought recharge in stress test simulation leads to minimum flow reductions of 50 %–80 % compared with the reference simulation. Based on the results we conclude with recommendations for further stress test research in drought hydrology.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Lukács, A., G. Pártay, T. Németh, S. Csorba, and C. Farkas. "Drought stress tolerance of two wheat genotypes." Soil and Water Research 3, Special Issue No. 1 (June 30, 2008): S95—S104. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10/2008-swr.

Full text
Abstract:
Biotic and abiotic stress effects can limit the productivity of plants to great extent. In Hungary, drought is one of the most important constrains of biomass production, even at the present climatic conditions. The climate change scenarios, developed for the Carpathian basin for the nearest future predict further decrease in surface water resources. Consequently, it is essential to develop drought stress tolerant wheat genotypes to ensure sustainable and productive wheat production under changed climate conditions. The aim of the present study was to compare the stress tolerance of two winter wheat genotypes at two different scales. Soil water regime and development of plants, grown in a pot experiment and in large undisturbed soil columns were evaluated. The pot experiments were carried out in a climatic room in three replicates. GK Élet wheat genotype was planted in six, and Mv Emese in other six pots. Two pots were left without plant for evaporation studies. Based on the mass of the soil columns without plant the evaporation from the bare soil surface was calculated in order to distinguish the evaporation and the transpiration with appropriate precision. A complex stress diagnosis system was developed to monitor the water balance elements. ECH<sub>2</sub>O type capacitive soil moisture probes were installed in each of the pots to perform soil water content measurements four times a day. The irrigation demand was determined according to the hydrolimits, derived from soil hydrophysical properties. In case of both genotypes three plants were provided with the optimum water supply, while the other three ones were drought-stressed. In the undisturbed soil columns, the same wheat genotypes were sawn in one replicate. Similar watering strategy was applied. TDR soil moisture probes were installed in the soil at various depths to monitor changes in soil water content. In order to study the drought stress reaction of the wheat plants, microsensors of 1.6 mm diameter were implanted into the stems and connected to a quadrupole mass spectrometer for gas analysis. The stress status was indicated in the plants grown on partly non-irrigated soil columns by the lower CO<sub>2</sub> level at both genotypes. It was concluded that the developed stress diagnosis system could be used for soil water balance elements calculations. This enables more precise estimation of plant water consumption in order to evaluate the drought sensitivity of different wheat genotypes.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Zhu, X. C., F. B. Song, S. Q. Liu, T. D. Liu, and X. Zhou. "  Arbuscular mycorrhizae improves photosynthesis and water status of Zea mays L. under drought stress." Plant, Soil and Environment 58, No. 4 (April 19, 2012): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/23/2011-pse.

Full text
Abstract:
The influences of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus on growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll concentration, chlorophyll fluorescence and water status of maize (Zea mays L.) plants were studied in pot culture under well-watered and drought stress conditions. The maize plants were grown in a sand and black soil mixture for 4 weeks, and then exposed to drought stress for 4 weeks. Drought stress significantly decreased AM colonization and total dry weight. AM symbioses notably enhanced net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate, but decreased intercellular CO<sub>2</sub> concentration of maize plants regardless of water treatments. Mycorrhizal plants had higher stomatal conductance than non-mycorrhizal plants under drought stress. The concentrations of chlorophyll were higher in mycorrhizal than non-mycorrhizal plants under drought stress. AM colonization significantly increased maximal fluorescence, maximum quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry and potential photochemical efficiency, but decreased primary fluorescence under well-watered and droughted conditions. Mycorrhizal maize plants had higher relative water content and water use efficiency under drought stress compared with non-mycorrhizal plants. The results indicated that AM symbiosis alleviates the toxic effect of drought stress via improving photosynthesis and water status of maize plants. &nbsp;
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Breeden, Joseph L. "Impacts of Drought on Loan Repayment." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 16, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm16020085.

Full text
Abstract:
In order to stress test loan portfolios for the impacts of climate change, historical events need to be analyzed to create templates to stress test for future events. Using the 2012 Midwestern US drought as an example, this work creates a stress-testing template for future droughts. The analysis connects weather and crop yield data to impacts on local macroeconomic conditions by comparing drought-impacted agricultural counties with nearby urban counties. After measuring the net macroeconomic impacts of the drought, this was used as an overlay with existing macroeconomic stress models to stress test a lender in a different part of the US for possible drought impacts. Having a library of such climate events would allow lenders to stress test their portfolios for a wide range of possible impacts.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Christian, Jordan I., Jeffrey B. Basara, Jason A. Otkin, Eric D. Hunt, Ryann A. Wakefield, Paul X. Flanagan, and Xiangming Xiao. "A Methodology for Flash Drought Identification: Application of Flash Drought Frequency across the United States." Journal of Hydrometeorology 20, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 833–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-18-0198.1.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract With the increasing use of the term “flash drought” within the scientific community, Otkin et al. provide a general definition that identifies flash droughts based on their unusually rapid rate of intensification. This study presents an objective percentile-based methodology that builds upon that work by identifying flash droughts using standardized evaporative stress ratio (SESR) values and changes in SESR over some period of time. Four criteria are specified to identify flash droughts: two that emphasize the vegetative impacts of flash drought and two that focus on the rapid rate of intensification. The methodology was applied to the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) to develop a 38-yr flash drought climatology (1979–2016) across the United States. It was found that SESR derived from NARR data compared well with the satellite-based evaporative stress index for four previously identified flash drought events. Furthermore, four additional flash drought cases were compared with the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM), and SESR rapidly declined 1–2 weeks before a response was evident with the USDM. From the climatological analysis, a hot spot of flash drought occurrence was revealed over the Great Plains, the Corn Belt, and the western Great Lakes region. Relatively few flash drought events occurred over mountainous and arid regions. Flash droughts were categorized based on their rate of intensification, and it was found that the most intense flash droughts occurred over the central Great Plains, Corn Belt, and western Great Lakes region.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Drought stress"

1

James, Andrew Thomas. "Genotypic variation in soybean for drought stress response /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2003. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17408.pdf.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Batlang, Utlwang. "Identification of Drought-Responsive Genes and Validation for Drought Resistance in Rice." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26020.

Full text
Abstract:
Drought stress was studied in rice (Oryza sativa) and maize (Zea mays) to identify drought-responsive genes and associated biological processes. One experiment with rice examined drought responses in vegetative and reproductive tissues and identified drought-responsive genes in each tissue type. The results showed that brief periods of acute drought stress at or near anthesis reduced photosynthetic efficiency and ultimately lowered grain yield. Yield was reduced as a result both of fewer spikelets developed and of lower spikelet fertility. Affymetrix arrays were used to analyze global gene expression in the transcriptomes of rice vegetative and reproductive tissue. Comparative analysis of the expressed genes indicated that the vegetative and reproductive tissues responded differently to drought stress. An experiment was conducted with maize, using GS-FLX pyrosequencing to identify differentially expressed genes in vegetative and reproductive tissues; and these results were compared with those from the just-described rice transcriptome. Some of the drought-responsive genes in the maize reproductive tissue were validated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The differentially expressed genes common to both maize and rice were further analyzed by gene ontology analysis to reveal core biological processes involved in drought responses. In both species, drought caused a transition from protein synthesis to degradation, and photosynthesis was one of the most severely affected metabolic pathways. In a validating experiment, a drought-responsive transcription factor found in rice and dubbed HIGHER YIELD RICE (HYR) was constitutively expressed in rice, and the transgenic HYR plants were studied. Under well-watered conditions, the HYR plants developed higher rates of photosynthesis, greater levels of soluble sugars (glucose, fructose, and sucrose), more biomass, and higher yield. They also exhibited a drought-resistant phenotype, with higher water use efficiency, photosynthesis, and relative leaf water content under drought stress. Taken together, these studies demonstrate the potential value of newer technologies for identifying genes that might impart drought resistance and for using such genes to make crops more productive either in the presence or in the absence of drought stress
Ph. D.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Tahkokorpi, M. (Marjaana). "Anthocyanins under drought and drought-related stresses in bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.)." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2010. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514262050.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The aim was to study the effects of drought and indirect drought-related stresses on anthocyanin content in bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.). Anthocyanin content was also studied in relation to developmental stage (juvenile vs. mature leaves, previous vs. current-year stems). It was hypothesised that drought-stressed plants accumulate anthocyanins, but their direct role in osmotic regulation was questioned. Direct drought was created by preventing water supply. Freezing-induced dehydration was accomplished by removal of snow. Effects of summertime chilling (+2 °C during active growth, +5/0 °C during frost hardening) on water status were tested. The trace metal Nickel (Ni) was applied to the soil, as Ni may interfere with plant water relations at the rhizospheric level. Salt (Na+) was added to the soil to observe salt-induced disturbance in osmotic balance and ion homeostasis. Tissue water content (TWC) decreased and anthocyanin level increased under direct drought, especially in the mature leaves. The freezing-stressed plants contained the same TWC and anthocyanin levels in mid-winter compared to plants that overwintered below snow. The freezing-stressed plants had lower TWC and a similar anthocyanin level in early spring, and lower TWC and anthocyanin level in late spring than plants that overwintered below snow. In the summer and autumn following snow removal, current-year stems of freezing-stressed plants had the same TWC, but higher levels of anthocyanins than current-year stems of plants that overwintered below snow. New growth was thus affected by the freezing stress experienced by previous-year stems. Chilling had no effect on anthocyanins. Although TWC decreased and anthocyanin level increased from active growth to the beginning of frost hardening, no increase was observed during frost hardening. Ni did not cause drought stress in the aboveground shoots, but anthocyanin level decreased in the aboveground shoots along with Ni accumulation in the belowground stems. Na+ increased TWC in the belowground stems, but decreased TWC and anthocyanin level in the aboveground stems. It is proposed that anthocyanins do not have direct role in osmotic regulation, or in the development of freezing tolerance. It is suggested that the increase in anthocyanin level under direct drought stress is mainly due to the photoprotection of chlorophylls by anthocyanins. This is supported by two facts: (1) At increased anthocyanin level in the juvenile leaves, chlorophyll a was stabilized despite continuing drought stress, and (2) after the initial peak in the mature leaves, the accumulation of anthocyanins ceased although the drought became more severe. As chlorophyll a decreased in the mature leaves due to senescence, there was less demand for such high levels of anthocyanins.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Gebeyehu, Setegn. "Physiological response to drought stress of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes differing in drought resistance." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2006. http://geb.uni-giessen.de/geb/volltexte/2006/3726/index.html.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Glass, Vimy M. "Drought stress effects in wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0017/MQ57237.pdf.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Leblanc, Rosanne. "Protein synthesis and drought stress in two rapeseed cultivars." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60487.

Full text
Abstract:
Desiccation effects on rate and pattern of protein synthesis in Brassica napus (cv westar) and Brassica juncea (cv cutlass) have been examined. Results showed that while the rate of water loss was similar in the two species, the inhibition of amino acid incorporation was greater in B. napus than B. juncea at any given level of desiccation. Electrolyte leakage increased with the degree of desiccation and was greater in B. napus than in B. juncea. In both, the increase in leakage was much sharper after 12 hours of desiccation. Quantitative changes in patterns of boiling-stable protein synthesis due to desiccation stress were observed. The control level of protein radioactivity which was boiling-stable in B. napus was 16.16% and 19.96% for B. juncea. After desiccation, the percentage of boiling-stable radioactivity increased to 23.30% for B. juncea and 16.63% for B. napus. In vitro translation of total RNA indicated that desiccation alone does not induce the synthesis of new mRNA species in either cultivar, but it may change the translation pattern resulting in different levels of abundance of proteins.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Šurbanovski, Nada. "PIP aquaporins and drought stress responses in Fragaria spp." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.534841.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Li, Xiaoqing. "Plant root development and hormone signalling during drought stress." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2016. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/79357/.

Full text
Abstract:
The plant root system is crucial for plant survival, growth and development, and it plays an important role in plant resistance to drought stress. Drought is one of the primary factors that restrict plant growth and yield, and its threat to crop yields will increase along with the growing food demand by the population of a world experiencing a changing climate. In response to drought in plants, various hormones are vital regulators, because they are able to manipulate plant development and in some cases minimise the adverse impact of drought. Therefore, understanding how the plant root system will adapt to a soil drying challenge is crucial. Of particular importance is the plant response to a non-lethal drought stress, which is often encountered in the field. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying such responses, including hormonal regulations, may help crop scientists improve the plant performance under drought. A six-day progressive soil drying pot experiment was designed to examine the synchronisation of physiological responses in maize (Zea mays L.) roots and leaves during soil drying. It was found that maize roots showed earlier responses to soil drying than leaves in changing growth rates, water potentials and hormone levels. Root growth was stimulated at soil water content of 25−32% (ca. 41% in well-watered pots), while both root growth and leaf elongation were inhibited when soil water content was below 20%. Root abscisic acid (ABA) level gradually increased when soil water content was lower than 32% during soil drying. The stimulation and inhibition of root growth during soil drying may be regulated by root ABA, depending on the degree of the concentration increase. The ethylene release rates from leaves and roots were inhibited during soil drying, which occurred later than the increase in ABA levels. In a subsequent root phenotyping study on 14 maize genotypes, significant genetic variation was observed in root angle and size (root length, surface area and dry weight), and in the plasticity of these traits under mild and severe drought stress. Genotypes with a steeper root angle under well-watered conditions tended to display more promotion or less inhibition in root size under drought. Further analysis showed that combined traits of maize root angle, its plasticity and the root size plasticity under drought may be a better predictor for maize drought resistance than a single one of these traits. Moreover, root angle was found positively related to the leaf and root ABA levels and negatively related to the root tZ (a cytokinin) level under well-watered conditions. In another study on the crosstalk of drought-related hormones using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana L., the biphasic responses of root elongation to ABA were confirmed, i.e. low external ABA concentrations stimulated root growth while high ABA concentrations inhibited it. Furthermore, ethylene and auxin were found to be involved in these responses. The inhibitory effect of high ABA levels on root growth was reduced or even eliminated when Arabidopsis was chemically treated to inhibit the ethylene biosynthesis or signalling, or to block auxin influx carriers. This was confirmed using mutants with blocked ethylene or auxin signalling, or a defect in the auxin influx carrier AUX1. On the other hand, the stimulatory effect of low ABA levels on root growth was lost when Arabidopsis seedlings were chemically treated to inhibit the auxin efflux carriers, and in mutants with blocked auxin signalling or with a defect in the PIN2/EIR1 auxin efflux carrier. These results indicate that ABA regulates root growth through two distinct pathways. The inhibitory effect that operates at high ABA concentrations is via an ethylene-dependent pathway and requires auxin signalling and auxin influx through AUX1. The stimulatory effect that operates at low ABA concentrations is via an ethylene-independent pathway and also requires auxin signalling and auxin efflux through PIN2/EIR1. This research contributes to our understanding of the responses of plant root system to different degrees of non-lethal drought stress, and it highlights the importance of root traits that may be important to plant drought resistance. The potential involvement of hormones (ABA, ethylene, auxin and cytokinin) in these processes is clarified. The knowledge gained may be integrated in novel crop management strategies to plan irrigation and help in the development of drought resistant crop varieties.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Atkinson, Nicola Jane. "Plant molecular response to combined drought and nematode stress." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2131/.

Full text
Abstract:
Plants are adapted to respond to precise environmental stress conditions, activating specific molecular and physiological changes in order to minimise damage. Response to multiple stresses is therefore different to that to individual stresses. Simultaneous biotic and abiotic stress conditions are of particular interest, as the molecular signalling pathways controlling each interact and antagonise one another. Understanding such processes is crucial for developing broad-spectrum stress-tolerant crops. This study characterised the molecular response of plants to the concurrent stresses of drought (abiotic stress) and infection with plant-parasitic nematodes (biotic stress). Drought stress increased susceptibility to infection with Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis thaliana. The whole-genome transcriptome response to these stresses was analysed using microarrays. Each stress induced a particular subset of differentially expressed genes. A novel programme of gene expression was activated specifically in response to a combination of drought and nematode stress, involving 2394 differentially regulated genes. A diverse range of processes was found to be important in the response to multiple stresses, including plant hormone signalling, activation of transcription factors, cell wall modification, production of secondary metabolites, amino acid metabolism and pathogen defence signalling. Ten multiple stress-induced candidate genes were selected and their functions investigated using over-expression lines and loss-of-function mutants. Altered susceptibility to drought stress (TCP9, AZI1, RALFL8) and nematode infection (TCP9, RALFL8, ATMGL, AZI1) was observed in several of these lines. The effect of combined drought and nematode infection on nutritional parameters of tomato fruits was analysed. Drought stress lengthened flowering time and negatively affected carotenoid accumulation. Infection with Meloidogyne incognita reduced yield and ripening time and had a positive effect on the accumulation of phenolic compounds. The stresses in combination increased fruit sugar content. This work comprises the first whole-genome transcriptome study into combined abiotic and biotic stress. The results highlight the importance of studying stress factors in combination.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Raney, Joshua Arthur. "Transcriptome Analysis of Drought Induced Stress in Chenopodium Quinoa." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3915.

Full text
Abstract:
RNA-seq transcriptome analysis of Chenopodium quinoa at different water treatment levels was conducted in a greenhouse study using four water treatments (field capacity to drought) on a valley ecotype quinoa (variety Ingapirca) and an Altiplano Salares ecotype quinoa (variety Ollague). Physiological results support the earlier findings that the Salares ecotypes display greater tolerance to drought-like stress conditions than the valley ecotypes (as determined by growth rate, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and stem water potential). cDNA libraries from root tissue sample for each treatment x variety combination were sequenced using Illumina Hi-Seq technology in an RNA-seq experiment. De novo assembly of the transcriptome generated 20,337 unique transcripts. Gene expression analysis of the RNA-seq data identified 462 putative gene products that showed differential expression based on treatment and 27 putative gene products differential expressed based on variety x treatment, including significant increasing expression in the root tissue in response to increasing water stress. BLAST searches and gene ontology analysis show an overlap with drought tolerance stress and other abiotic stress mechanisms.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Drought stress"

1

Aroca, Ricardo, ed. Plant Responses to Drought Stress. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32653-0.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Hossain, Mohammad Anwar, Shabir Hussain Wani, Soumen Bhattacharjee, David J. Burritt, and Lam-Son Phan Tran, eds. Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants, Vol 2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32423-4.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Hossain, Mohammad Anwar, Shabir Hussain Wani, Soumen Bhattacharjee, David J. Burritt, and Lam-Son Phan Tran, eds. Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants, Vol 1. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28899-4.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Hasanuzzaman, Mirza, and Mohsin Tanveer, eds. Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40277-8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Aslam, Muhammad, Muhammad Amir Maqbool, and Rahime Cengiz. Drought Stress in Maize (Zea mays L.). Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25442-5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Lichtfouse, Eric, ed. Alternative Farming Systems, Biotechnology, Drought Stress and Ecological Fertilisation. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0186-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Alternative Farming Systems, Biotechnology, Drought Stress and Ecological Fertilisation. Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Weiss, Holger. Banga, Banga: Stress und Krisen im Hausaland (Nord-Nigeria) im 19. Jahrhundert. Münster: Lit, 1995.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Tauer, Charles G. Seed source influences juniper seedling survival under severe drought stress. [Fort Collins, Colo.?]: USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1987.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Aroca, R. Plant responses to drought stress: From morphological to molecular features. Heidelberg: Springer, 2012.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Drought stress"

1

Geilfus, Christoph-Martin. "Drought Stress." In Controlled Environment Horticulture, 81–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23197-2_8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Bartels, Dorothea, and Jonathan Phillips. "Drought Stress Tolerance." In Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, 139–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02391-0_8.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Kuromori, Takashi, Junya Mizoi, Taishi Umezawa, Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, and Kazuo Shinozaki. "Stress Signaling Networks: Drought Stress." In Molecular Biology, 1–23. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0263-7_7-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Mckersie, Bryan D., and Ya’acov Y. Leshem. "Water and drought stress." In Stress and Stress Coping in Cultivated Plants, 148–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3093-8_7.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Uddin, Mohammad Nesar, Mohammad Anwar Hossain, and David J. Burritt. "Salinity and drought stress." In Water Stress and Crop Plants, 86–101. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119054450.ch7.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Kuromori, Takashi, Junya Mizoi, Taishi Umezawa, Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, and Kazuo Shinozaki. "Drought Stress Signaling Network." In Molecular Biology, 383–409. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7570-5_7.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Hemati, Arash, Morteza Mofidi-Chelan, Arian Amirifar, Ebrahim Moghiseh, and Behnam Asgari Lajayer. "Drought Tolerance Mechanisms in Crop Plants." In Plant Stress Mitigators, 419–27. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7759-5_19.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Blum, A. "Breeding Methods for Drought Resistance." In Environmental Stress in Plants, 39–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73163-1_5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Hernández, Iker, Jana Cela, Leonor Alegre, and Sergi Munné-Bosch. "Antioxidant Defenses Against Drought Stress." In Plant Responses to Drought Stress, 231–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32653-0_9.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Pirasteh-Anosheh, Hadi, Armin Saed-Moucheshi, Hassan Pakniyat, and Mohammad Pessarakli. "Stomatal responses to drought stress." In Water Stress and Crop Plants, 24–40. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119054450.ch3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Drought stress"

1

Koroleva, E. S., P. V. Kuzmitskaya, and O. Yu Urbanovich. "IMPACT OF DROUGHT STRESS ON STRESS-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS APPLE GENES EXPRESSION LEVEL." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2021: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-1-268-271.

Full text
Abstract:
Stress-associated proteins (SAP) in many plants are involved in the response to adverse factors of biotic and abiotic nature. In order to study changes in the expression level of SAP genes in apple trees, MM-106 rootstocks were exposed to drought for 24 h. Expression profiles of 14 studied genes encoding SAP were established during the quantitative PCR reaction (qPCR), among which wererevealed of actively expressed under specified conditions. The majority of SAP genes have maximum transcript accumulation by 4 hours of exposure to drought.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Koroleva, E. S., P. V. Kuzmitskaya, and O. Yu Urbanovich. "IMPACT OF DROUGHT STRESS ON STRESS-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS APPLE GENES EXPRESSION LEVEL." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2021: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-1-268-271.

Full text
Abstract:
Stress-associated proteins (SAP) in many plants are involved in the response to adverse factors of biotic and abiotic nature. In order to study changes in the expression level of SAP genes in apple trees, MM-106 rootstocks were exposed to drought for 24 h. Expression profiles of 14 studied genes encoding SAP were established during the quantitative PCR reaction (qPCR), among which wererevealed of actively expressed under specified conditions. The majority of SAP genes have maximum transcript accumulation by 4 hours of exposure to drought.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Harper, Stephen. "PERFORMANCE OF PRIMED SEED UNDER DROUGHT STRESS." In 37th Biennial Meeting of American Society of Sugarbeet Technologist. ASSBT, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5274/assbt.2013.82.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Srivastava, Siddharth, Swati Bhugra, Brejesh Lall, and Santanu Chaudhury. "Drought Stress Classification Using 3D Plant Models." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshop (ICCVW). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccvw.2017.240.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Salachna, Piotr, Iga Siemińska, Anna Pietrak, Agnieszka Zawadzińska, Rafał Piechocki, and Roksana Dymek. "Response of Hardy Ferns to Drought Stress." In IECAG 2021. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecag2021-09723.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Yang Yang and Peter P. Ling. "NON-CONTACTING TECHNIQUES FOR PLANT DROUGHT STRESS DETECTION." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.16168.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

"Effects of Drought Stress on Growth of Lettuce Seedlings." In 2020 2nd International Symposium on the Frontiers of Biotechnology and Bioengineering (FBB 2020). Clausius Scientific Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/fbb2020.016.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Indriatama, Wijaya Murti, Armila Yunita, Dasumiati, Sihono, Marina Yuniawati Maryono, and Soeranto Human. "Screening for drought stress tolerance of Indonesian sorghum varieties." In PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND APPLICATION 2020 (ICONSTA 2020). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0071397.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Rezvyakova S.V., Rezvyakova S. V. "Resistance of black currant to temperature stress depending on soil fertility." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-55.

Full text
Abstract:
The article presents the results of field and laboratory studies on the influence of natural mineral zeolite of the Khotynets deposit of the Oryol region on the stability of a black currant to drought and frost. The conditions of mineral nutrition largely determine the ecological tolerance of black currant to adverse temperature factors of the winter and growing seasons. Application of the environmentally safe natural mineral zeolite of the Khotynets deposit to the soil at a dose of 16 t/ha together with a full mineral fertilizer at a dose of N90P90K90 increases their drought and frost resistance.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Marii, Liliana, Larisa Andronic, and Irina Erhan. "Particularities of tomatoes reactions to heat, drought and mixed stress." In XIth International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova. Scientific Association of Geneticists and Breeders of the Republic of Moldova, Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Moldova State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/cga11.2021.078.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Drought stress"

1

Narvaez, Liliana, Sally Janzen, Caitlyn Eberle, and Zita Sebesvari. Technical Report: Taiwan drought. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/ujzw5639.

Full text
Abstract:
During the 2020-2021 typhoon season, for the first time in 56 years, no typhoon made landfall on Taiwan, leading to one of the worst droughts in the island’s history. As reservoirs fell below 5% capacity, more than one million households and businesses had to ration water. This water rationing was not without controversy, especially for the island’s most water-intensive industries: rice farming and semiconductor manufacturing. Taiwan’s case exemplifies the challenges of water stress and related risk across value chains that could emerge as a result. It also shows stark choices that governments and authorities may have to face in rationing water resources. Water management in a changing climate is incredibly important to ensure the life, health and prosperity of people and ecosystems on our planet.This technical background report for the 2021/2022 edition of the Interconnected Disaster Risks report analyses the root causes, drivers, impacts and potential solutions for the Taiwan drought through a forensic analysis of academic literature, media articles and expert interviews.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Newton, Ronald, Joseph Riov, and John Cairney. Isolation and Functional Analysis of Drought-Induced Genes in Pinus. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568752.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Drought is a common factor limiting timber production in the U.S. and Israel. Loblolly (Pinus taeda) and alleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) seedling survival is reduced when out planted, and growth and reproduction are often hindered by periodic droughts during later stages of tree development. Molecular and gene responses to drought stress have not been characterized. The objectives were to characterize drought-induced gene clones from these pines, to determine the effects of a growth regulator on drought tolerance, ABA levels, and drought-induced gene expression in alleppo pine, and to develop procedures for loblolly pine transformation. Nearly 20 cDNA clones influenced by gradual, prolonged drought stress have been isolated. Many of these have been shown to be induced by drought stress, whereas several others are down-regulated. These are the first drought-induced genes isolated from a pine species. Two genomic clones (lp5-1 and lp3-1) have been sequenced and characterized, and each has been found to be associated with a gene family. Clone lp5 appears to code for a cell wall protein, and clone lp3 codes for a nuclear protein. The former may be associated with changing the elastic properties of the cell wall, while the latter may be involved in signal transduction and/or protection from desiccation in the nucleus. Clone lp3 is similar to a drought-induced gene from tomato and is regulated by ABA. Several DNA sequences that are specific to induction during growth-retardation in alleppo pine by uniconazole have been identified. The active DNA species is now being identified. Promoters from genomic clones, lp3 and lp5, have been sequenced. Both are functional when fused with the gus reporter gene and transferred to other plant tissues as well as responding to a simulated drought stress. Through exodeletion analysis, it has been established that the promoter ABRE element of lp3 responds to ABA and that drought-induction of lp3 expression may also involve ABA. Stable tobacco transformants carrying either the lp5 or the lp3 promoter fused to a reporter gus gene have been obtained. The lp5lgus fusion was expressed at several stages of tobacco development and differentiation including the reproductive stage. There was no difference in phenotype between the transformants and the wild type. Embryogenesis procedures were developed for slash pine, but attempts to couple this process with gene transfer and plantlet transformation were not successful. Transformation of pine using Agrobacterium appears tractable, but molecular data supporting stable integration of the Agrobacterium-transferred gene are still inconclusive.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Freeman, Stanley, Russell Rodriguez, Adel Al-Abed, Roni Cohen, David Ezra, and Regina Redman. Use of fungal endophytes to increase cucurbit plant performance by conferring abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7613893.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Major threats to agricultural sustainability in the 21st century are drought, increasing temperatures, soil salinity and soilborne pathogens, all of which are being exacerbated by climate change and pesticide abolition and are burning issues related to agriculture in the Middle East. We have found that Class 2 fungal endophytes adapt native plants to environmental stresses (drought, heat and salt) in a habitat-specific manner, and that these endophytes can confer stress tolerance to genetically distant monocot and eudicot hosts. In the past, we generated a uv non-pathogenic endophytic mutant of Colletotrichum magna (path-1) that colonized cucurbits, induced drought tolerance and enhanced growth, and protected 85% - 100% against disease caused by certain pathogenic fungi. We propose: 1) utilizing path-1 and additional endophtyic microorganisms to be isolated from stress-tolerant local, wild cucurbit watermelon, Citrulluscolocynthis, growing in the Dead Sea and Arava desert areas, 2) generate abiotic and biotic tolerant melon crop plants, colonized by the isolated endophytes, to increase crop yields under extreme environmental conditions such as salinity, heat and drought stress, 3) manage soilborne fungal pathogens affecting curubit crop species growing in the desert areas. This is a unique and novel "systems" approach that has the potential to utilize natural plant adaptation for agricultural development. We envisage that endophyte-colonized melons will eventually be used to overcome damages caused by soilborne diseases and also for cultivation of this crop, under stress conditions, utilizing treated waste water, thus dealing with the limited resource of fresh water.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Blum, Abraham, and Henry T. Nguyen. Molecular Tagging of Drought Resistance in Wheat: Osmotic Adjustment and Plant Productivity. United States Department of Agriculture, November 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580672.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Drought stress is a major limitation to bread wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) productivity and its yield stability in arid and semi-arid regions of world including parts of Israel and the U.S. Currently, breeding for sustained yields under drought stress is totally dependent on the use of yield and several key physiological attributes as selection indices. The attempt to identify the optimal genotype by evaluating the phenotype is undermining progress in such breeding programs. Osmotic adjustment (OA) is an effective drought resistance mechanism in many crop plants. Evidence exists that there is a genetic variation for OA in wheat and that high OA capacity supports wheat yields under drought stress. The major objective of this research was to identify molecular markers (RFLPs, restriction fragment length polymorphisms; and AFLPs, amplified fragment length polymorph isms) linked to OA as a major attribute of drought resistance in wheat and thus to facilitate marker-assisted selection for drought resistance. We identified high and low OA lines of wheat and from their cross developed recombinant inbred lines (RILs) used in the molecular tagging of OA in relation to drought resistance in terms of plant production under stress. The significant positive co-segregation of OA, plant water status and yield under stress in this RIL population provided strong support for the important role of OA as a drought resistance mechanism sustaining wheat production under drought stress. This evidence was obtained in addition to the initial study of parental materials for constructing this RIL population, which also gave evidence for a strong correlation between OA and grain yield under stress. This research therefore provides conclusive evidence on the important role of OA in sustaining wheat yield under drought stress. The measurement of OA is difficult and the selection for drought resistance by the phenotypic expression of OA is practically impossible. This research provided information on the genetic basis of OA in wheat in relations to yield under stress. It provided the basic information to indicate that molecular marker assisted selection for OA in wheat is possible. The RIL population has been created by a cross between two agronomic spring wheat lines and the high OA recombinants in this population presented very high OA values, not commonly observed in wheat. These recombinants are therefore an immediate valuable genetic recourse for breeding well-adapted drought resistant wheat in Texas and Israel. We feel that this work taken as a whole eliminate the few previous speculated . doubts about the practical role of OA as an important mechanism of drought resistance in economic crop plants. As such it should open the way, in terms of both concept and the use of marker assisted selection, for improving drought resistance in wheat by deploying high osmotic adjustment.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Reddy, Anireddy, and Asa Ben-Hur. Global analysis of epigenetic regulation of gene expression in response to drought stress in Sorghum. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1409851.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Barg, Rivka, Kendal D. Hirschi, Avner Silber, Gozal Ben-Hayyim, Yechiam Salts, and Marla Binzel. Combining Elevated Levels of Membrane Fatty Acid Desaturation and Vacuolar H+ -pyrophosphatase Activity for Improved Drought Tolerance. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7613877.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Background to the topic: In previous works we have shown that Arabidopsis and tomato over-expressing H+-pyrophosphatase show increased tolerance to drought imposed by withholding irrigation of young plants in pots (Park et al. 2005). In addition, young tobacco plants over-expressing fatty acid desaturase 3 (OEX-FAD3) also showed increasing tolerance to drought stress (Zhang et al 2005), and similarly OEX-FAD3 young tomato plants (unpublished data from ARO), hence raising the possibility that pyramiding the two could further improve drought tolerance in tomato. Based on these findings the specific objects originally set were: 1. To analyze the impact of pyramiding transgenes for enhanced fatty acid desaturation and for elevated H+-PPase activity on tomato yielding under water deficit stress conditions. 2. To elucidate the biochemical relationship between elevated desaturation of the membrane lipids and the activities of selected vacuolar transporters in the context of drought responses. 3. To explore the S. pennellii introgression lines as alternative genetic sources for drought tolerance related to enhanced fatty acid desaturation and/or H+-PPase activity. 4. Since OEX-FAD3 increases the levels of linolenic acid which is the precursor of various oxylipins including the stress hormone Jasmonate. (JA), study of the effect of this transgene on tolerance to herbivore pests was added as additional goal. The Major conclusions, solutions, and achievements are: (1) The facts that ectopic over-expression of vacuolarH+-PPases (in line OEX-AVP1) does not change the fatty acid profile compared to the parental MoneyMaker (MM) line and that elevated level of FA desaturation (by OEX-FAD3) does not change the activity of either H+-PPase, H+-ATPaseor Ca2+ /H+ antiport, indicate that the observed increased drought tolerance reported before for increase FA desaturation in tobacco plants and increased H+PPase in tomato plants involves different mechanisms. (2) After generating hybrid lines bringing to a common genetic background (i.e. F1 hybrids between line MP-1 and MM) each of the two transgenes separately and the two transgenes together the effect of various drought stress regimes including recovery from a short and longer duration of complete water withhold as well as performance under chronic stresses imposed by reducing water supply to 75-25% of the control irrigation regime could be studied. Under all the tested conditions in Israel, for well established plants grown in 3L pots or larger, none of the transgenic lines exhibited a reproducible significantly better drought tolerance compare to the parental lines. Still, examining the performance of these hybrids under the growth practices followed in the USA is called for. (3) Young seedlings of none of the identified introgression lines including the S. pennellii homologs of two of the H+-PPase genes and one of the FAD7 genes performed better than line M82 upon irrigation withhold. However, differences in the general canopy structures between the IL lines and M82 might mask such differences if existing. (4). Over-expression of FAD3 in the background of line MP-1 was found to confer significant tolerance to three important pest insects in tomato: Bordered Straw (Heliothis peltigera), Egyptian cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis) and Western Flower Thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). Implications: Although the original hypothesis that pyramiding these two trasgenes could improve drought tolerance was not supported, the unexpected positive impact on herbivore deterring, as well as the changes in dynamics of JA biosynthesis in response to wounding and the profound changes in expression of wound response genes calls for deciphering the exact linolenic acid derived signaling molecule mediating this response. This will further facilitate breeding for herbivore pest and mechanical stress tolerance based on this pathway.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Mosquna, Assaf, and Sean Cutler. Systematic analyses of the roles of Solanum Lycopersicum ABA receptors in environmental stress and development. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604266.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Drought and other abiotic stresses have major negative effects on agricultural productivity. The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates many responses to environmental stresses and can be used to improve crop performance under stress. ABA levels rise in response to diverse abiotic stresses to coordinate physiological and metabolic responses that help plants survive stressful environments. In all land plants, ABA receptors are responsible for initiating a signaling cascade that leads to stomata closure, growth arrest and large-scale changes in transcript levels required for stress tolerance. We wanted to test the meaning of root derived ABA signaling in drying soil on water balance. To this end we generated transgenic tomato lines in which ABA signaling is initiated by a synthetic agonist- mandipropamid. Initial study using a Series of grafting experiments indicate that that root ABA signaling has no effect on the immediate regulation of stomata aperture. Once concluded, these experiments will enable us to systematically dissect the physiological role of root-shoot interaction in maintaining the water balance in plants and provide new tools for targeted improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Grene Alscher, Ruth, Jonathan Gressel, Carole Cramer, Abraham Warshawsky, and Elizabeth Grabau. Mechanisms of Oxidant Resistance in Weed and Crop Species. United States Department of Agriculture, March 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613041.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
A large body of evidence has accumulated showing that plant strains that are tolerant to a particular oxidant stress have a modicum of cross-tolerance to other oxidant stresses, whether caused by transient heat, drought, cold or oxidizing air pollutants or herbicides. We have studied a multienzyme scavenging system associated with oxidant tolerance at the metabolic and molecular levels in the model systems of pea and Conyza. Data from our experimental systems suggest that both development and subcellular compartmentalization play important roles in stress tolerance. The behavior of the chloroplast may differ from that of the cytosol. Further study of these controls is needed to acquire the understanding needed to generate oxidant stress tolerant field crops.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Fait, Aaron, Grant Cramer, and Avichai Perl. Towards improved grape nutrition and defense: The regulation of stilbene metabolism under drought. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7594398.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
The goals of the present research proposal were to elucidate the physiological and molecular basis of the regulation of stilbene metabolism in grape, against the background of (i) grape metabolic network behavior in response to drought and of (ii) varietal diversity. The specific objectives included the study of the physiology of the response of different grape cultivars to continuous WD; the characterization of the differences and commonalities of gene network topology associated with WD in berry skin across varieties; the study of the metabolic response of developing berries to continuous WD with specific attention to the stilbene compounds; the integration analysis of the omics data generated; the study of isolated drought-associated stress factors on the regulation of stilbene biosynthesis in plantaand in vitro. Background to the topic Grape quality has a complex relationship with water input. Regulated water deficit (WD) is known to improve wine grapes by reducing the vine growth (without affecting fruit yield) and boosting sugar content (Keller et al. 2008). On the other hand, irregular rainfall during the summer can lead to drought-associated damage of fruit developmental process and alter fruit metabolism (Downey et al., 2006; Tarara et al., 2008; Chalmers et al., 792). In areas undergoing desertification, WD is associated with high temperatures. This WD/high temperature synergism can limit the areas of grape cultivation and can damage yields and fruit quality. Grapes and wine are the major source of stilbenes in human nutrition, and multiple stilbene-derived compounds, including isomers, polymers and glycosylated forms, have also been characterized in grapes (Jeandet et al., 2002; Halls and Yu, 2008). Heterologous expression of stilbenesynthase (STS) in a variety of plants has led to an enhanced resistance to pathogens, but in others the association has not been proven (Kobayashi et al., 2000; Soleas et al., 1995). Tomato transgenic plants harboring a grape STS had increased levels of resveratrol, ascorbate, and glutathione at the expense of the anthocyanin pathways (Giovinazzo et al. 2005), further emphasizing the intermingled relation among secondary metabolic pathways. Stilbenes are are induced in green and fleshy parts of the berries by biotic and abiotic elicitors (Chong et al., 2009). As is the case for other classes of secondary metabolites, the biosynthesis of stilbenes is not very well understood, but it is known to be under tight spatial and temporal control, which limits the availability of these compounds from plant sources. Only very few studies have attempted to analyze the effects of different environmental components on stilbene accumulation (Jeandet et al., 1995; Martinez-Ortega et al., 2000). Targeted analyses have generally shown higher levels of resveratrol in the grape skin (induced), in seeded varieties, in varieties of wine grapes, and in dark-skinned varieties (Gatto et al., 2008; summarized by Bavaresco et al., 2009). Yet, the effect of the grape variety and the rootstock on stilbene metabolism has not yet been thoroughly investigated (Bavaresco et al., 2009). The study identified a link between vine hydraulic behavior and physiology of stress with the leaf metabolism, which the PIs believe can eventually lead to the modifications identified in the developing berries that interested the polyphenol metabolism and its regulation during development and under stress. Implications are discussed below.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Fromm, Hillel, Paul Michael Hasegawa, and Aaron Fait. Calcium-regulated Transcription Factors Mediating Carbon Metabolism in Response to Drought. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699847.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Original objectives: The long-term goal of the proposed research is to elucidate the transcription factors, genes and metabolic networks involved in carbon metabolism and partitioning in response to water deficit. The proposed research focuses on the GTLcalcium/calmodulinbindingTFs and the gene and metabolic networks modulated by these TFs in Arabidopsis thaliana. The specific objectives are as follows. Objective-1 (USA): Physiological analyses of GTL1 loss- and gain-of-function plants under water sufficient and drought stress conditions Objective 2 (USA / Israel-TAU): Characterizion of GTL target genes and bioinformatic analysis of data to eulcidate gene-network topology. Objective-3 (Israel-TAU): Regulation of GTLmediated transcription by Ca²⁺/calmodulin: mechanism and biological significance. Objective-4 (Israel-BGU): Metabolic networks and carbon partitioning in response to drought. Additional direction: In the course of the project we added another direction, which was reported in the 2nd annual report, to elucidate genes controlling drought avoidance. The TAU team has isolated a few unhydrotropic (hyd) mutants and are in the process of mapping these mutations (of hyd13 and hyd15; see last year's report for a description of these mutants under salt stress) in the Arabidopsis genome by map-based cloning and deep sequencing. For this purpose, each hyd mutant was crossed with a wild type plant of the Landsberg ecotype, and at the F2 stage, 500-700 seedlings showing the unhydrotropic phenotype were collected separately and pooled DNA samples were subkected to the Illumina deep sequencing technology. Bioinformatics were used to identify the exact genomic positions of the mutations (based on a comparison of the genomic sequences of the two Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes (Columbia and Landsberg). Background: To feed the 9 billion people or more, expected to live on Earth by the mid 21st century, the production of high-quality food must increase substantially. Based on a 2009 Declaration of the World Summit on Food Security, a target of 70% more global food production by the year 2050 was marked, an unprecedented food-production growth rate. Importantly, due to the larger areas of low-yielding land globally, low-yielding environments offer the greatest opportunity for substantial increases in global food production. Nowadays, 70% of the global available water is used by agriculture, and 40% of the world food is produced from irrigated soils. Therefore, much needs to be done towards improving the efficiency of water use by plants, accompanied by increased crop yield production under water-limiting conditions. Major conclusions, solutions and achievements: We established that AtGTL1 (Arabidopsis thaliana GT-2 LIKE1) is a focal determinant in water deficit (drought) signaling and tolerance, and water use efficiency (WUE). The GTL1 transcription factor is an upstream regulator of stomatal development as a transrepressor of AtSDD1, which encodes a subtilisin protease that activates a MAP kinase pathway that negatively regulates stomatal lineage and density. GTL1 binds to the core GT3 cis-element in the SDD1 promoter and transrepresses its expression under water-sufficient conditions. GTL1 loss-of-function mutants have reduced stomatal number and transpiration, and enhanced drought tolerance and WUE. In this case, higher WUE under water sufficient conditions occurs without reduction in absolute biomass accumulation or carbon assimilation, indicating that gtl1-mediated effects on stomatal conductance and transpiration do not substantially affect CO₂ uptake. These results are proof-of-concept that fine-tuned regulation of stomatal density can result in drought tolerance and higher WUE with maintenance of yield stability. Implications: Accomplishments during the IS-4243-09R project provide unique tools for continued discovery research to enhance plant drought tolerance and WUE.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Drought stress' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography