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Academic literature on the topic 'DRRM'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "DRRM"

L. Bartolome , Ph. D., Liza. "RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT PREPAREDNESS OF STRASUC OLYMPICS: A DISASTER RESPONSE AND GOVERNANCE." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 11 (2020): 846–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12082.

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Southern Tagalog Regional Association of State Universities and Colleges (STRASUC) Olympics is a densely populated event and composed of players that are one of the most vulnerable groups in society. To reduce this vulnerability, particularly in sports events, it is important to provide a Disaster Management Plan. STRASUC also have many resources and therefore, has a responsibility towards its immediate locality, just as the neighboring community is linked to them.Pursuant to Republic Act (RA) No. 10121 entitled The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010, an act mandated to strengthen disaster management in the Philippines, which mandates all national government agencies to institutionalize policies, structures, coordination mechanisms and programs with continuing budget appropriation on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) from national to local levels including CHED guidelines on DRRMO, which is mandated to initiate and spearhead the establishment of mechanisms to prepare, guarantee protection and increase resiliency of STRASUC constituents in the face of disaster, CHED issues the enclosed coordination and information management protocols in STRASUC offices to establish the system of coordination and information management and provide guidance to STRASUC offices on their respective roles and functions relative to DRRM implementation.Furthermore, Commission on Higher Education (CHED) issues the enclosed Comprehensive Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) in their lecture to ensure resilience-building in universities to maintain quality education even during disasters and/or emergencies.The DRRM office institutionalizes the culture of safety at all levels, to systematize the protecytion of education investments and to ensure continued delivery of quality education services. It shall serve as the focal and coordinative unit for DRRM-related activities. The DRRMO shall perform the following specific functions: Act as the focal point in planning, implementing, coordinating and monitoring of activities related to DRRM, EiE and CCA. Develop aznd recommend policy standards and actions on management on DRRM/EiE/CCA matters. Initiate and coordinate cooperation and collaborative activities with the national government agencies, NGO and CSO.

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D. Ecija, Jericho, Myrna G. Abris, and Marife B. Sabejon. "Preparedness on Disaster Risk Reduction Management Measures, Competence and Challenges Faced by Schools." FMDB Transactions on Sustainable Humanities and Society 1, no. 3 (2024): 100–112. https://doi.org/10.69888/ftshs.2024.000268.

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This explanatory mixed-method research examines the preparedness, competence, and challenges of sixteen (16) school DRRM coordinators in Salcedo 1 district, Schools Division of Eastern Samar, in response to their task in implementing school DRRM measures. The data gathering techniques, namely, the use of the adopted questionnaire and focus group discussion, further explored their preparedness and competence, the challenges they experienced, their corresponding coping mechanisms, and the institutional mechanisms that support the implementation of DRRM in the said district. Significant results of the study revealed that the DRRM coordinators are somewhat prepared for the community risk assessment, communication system, and capacity building. Moreover, the competence level of school DRRM coordinators showed and was interpreted as “Highly competent.” Determining the association between preparedness level on DRRM measures and the competence of School DRRM coordinators resulted in a significant relationship between community risk assessment, communication system, and capacity-building the competence of school DRRM coordinators. Recommendations include sustaining the preparedness of coordinators, developing tactical response and command leadership skills, training in community risk assessment, substantial allocation of funds for DRRM, prioritization of DRRM activities, and integrating DRRM into School Improvement Plans (SIP) and embedding these activities within the school curriculum.

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Mona, Lisa Lopez de la Cruz. "Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Program Implementation in Carmen 2 District: An Assessment." International Journal of Novel Research in Education and Learning 10, no. 6 (2023): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10078445.

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Abstract: Over the past few decades, the topic of disasters has always been discussed around the world. The schools are facing problems regarding the undesirable effects of disasters. The researcher took interest in how the schools of Carmen 2 District dealt with the pressing issue. The study focused on the program initiated by the Department of Education, the SDRRMP. A total of thirty (30) DRRM coordinators, physical facilities coordinators and school heads were selected as research participants. The study used the adopted survey questionnaires from the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (NDRRM) Plan. The study utilized the mixed method of qualitative type of research and descriptive-survey method. The weighted mean was used as a statistical tool in the study. The salient findings of the study were the following: The participants assessed their level of capabilities in the implementation of DRRMP with regards to human resources, material facilities, knowledge and education, policies, plans and procedures which were verbally interpreted as moderately implemented (MI); the respondents assessed the implementation of DRRMP in terms of prevention and mitigation, preparedness, response, and rehabilitation which were verbally interpreted as moderately implemented (MI); and the most prevalent challenges encountered by the school heads and teachers in the implementation of DRRMP are lack of DRRM teachers' training, lack of inventory, vulnerability and risk assessments of school buildings and infrastructures, unavailability of resources to implement DRRM plans, programs, and activities, unclear funding source to sustain DRRM plans, programs, and activities and lack of parents' engagement to support DRRMP.Keywords: Capabilities, Disaster, Mitigation, Preparedness, Prevention, Rehabilitation, Response, Vulnerabilities.Title: Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Program Implementation in Carmen 2 District: An AssessmentAuthor: Mona Lisa Lopez de la CruzInternational Journal of Novel Research in Education and LearningISSN 2394-9686Vol. 10, Issue 6, November 2023 - December 2023Page No: 1-15Novelty JournalsWebsite: www.noveltyjournals.comPublished Date: 07-November-2023DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10078445Paper Download Link (Source)https://www.noveltyjournals.com/upload/paper/Disaster%20Risk%20Reduction%20and%20Management-07112023-5.pdf

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Alarte, Thedem. "Implementation of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management in the Context of Inclusive Education." Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal 19, no. 6 (2024): 707–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11115432.

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Natural disasters and emergencies impose significant challenges on schools’ capacity to maintain an inclusive educational environment, which contributes to inadequate protection of learners during and after disasters. The objective of this study was to determine the level of DRRM implementation and compliance in selected public schools in Tanay Sub-Office, Schools Division Office of Rizal. It further sought to determine the significant difference in the level of DRRM implementation and compliance between schools implementing inclusive education programs and regular high schools. The study utilized a descriptive-inferential methodology. The data were collected using a researcher-made survey questionnaire anchored on the DepEd School DRRM Manual. One hundred thirty-eight (138) public secondary school teachers from Tanay Sub-Office participated in conduct of the study. The findings revealed that DRRM measures have been widely implemented in all four DRRM areas: prevention and mitigation, preparedness, response, and post-disaster recovery and rehabilitation. Schools were also found to be compliant with the Comprehensive Schools Safety pillars. Furthermore, the study found no significant difference in the level of DRRM implementation when participants are classified in terms of their school type. However, in terms of level of DRRM compliance, the study revealed that schools offering inclusive education programs had a higher level of DRRM compliance compared to regular high schools, particularly in School Disaster Management and Risk Reduction and Resilience Education. The study recommends that the Department of Education update its Comprehensive DRRM policy and support framework, ensuring they align with global standards. Future research should consider investigating factors that contribute to higher DRRM implementation and compliance in schools offering inclusive education programs.

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Toledo, Rachel Joan T., Omar A. Tantoy, and Rhondell M. Paraiso. "Development of Disaster Risk Management and Mitigation Extension Program for School-Aged Children in the Province of Bukidnon." Asia Pacific Journal of Social and Behavioral Sciences 18 (January 8, 2021): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.57200/apjsbs.v18i0.232.

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Existing and emerging disaster-risks for school-aged children served as the primary consideration for the conceptualization of this study. Using the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, this study analyzed the needs of the clientele, designed, and developed a DRRM extension program for school-aged children, and implemented and evaluated the program. The study involved school administrators, teachers, parents and their school-aged children in five landslide and earthquake-prone barangays in Bukidnon. Data were gathered through questionnaires, interviews, and FGDs. The needs were the basis for the design and development of the DRRM extension program for school- aged children. The training program included lessons on introduction to DRRM; DRRM in school, child-centered DRRM and CEPC, conduct of drill, and, managing emergencies and disasters.

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Resuello, Marjorie Don. "Building Disaster Resilient Local Economy: The Case of the Philippines." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 10, no. 4 (2020): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v10i4.17752.

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The study explored the key trends and various issues surrounding disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) in the Philippines by analyzing the interrelationship of disaster risk, revenue generation capacity, and DRRM capacity of local governments in the Philippines. The study analyzed the economic implications of disasters to the local economy and analyzed how revenue generation capacity of local governments contributes to realizing disaster-resilient local economy. The study found out that while the law encourages local governments to invest on DRRM, the current system, however, puts local governments with lower income at a disadvantage as they have lower revenues and thus, less resources to utilize for DRRM. The varying income among local governments create disparity not just in local growth but also in performing their DRRM devolved functions. Therefore, the revenue generation capacity of local governments is crucial to strengthen DRRM at the local level. The study suggests that addressing disparity in income and the complexities in sourcing the local revenue as well as having entrepreneurial and transformational local chief executives are crucial factors to realize disaster-resilient local economy in the Philippines.

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Luminarias, Genryl H., and Ma Gloria E. Liquido. "The Level of the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Preparedness of Elementary Schools in Southeast Butuan District." Randwick International of Education and Linguistics Science Journal 6, no. 2 (2025): 229–44. https://doi.org/10.47175/rielsj.v6i2.1168.

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This study assessed the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) preparedness of elementary schools in Southeast Butuan District, focusing on practices, manifestations, and challenges faced by DRRM coordinators. Anchored on Emergency Management Theory, employing a descriptive-correlational research design, the study reveals a commendable commitment to preparedness efforts, reflecting a proactive stance towards disaster management and fostering resilience within the school community. The challenges confronting the coordinators, like insufficient training and education on DRRM concepts, limited awareness and understanding of DRRM principles, constrained budget and resources for preparedness activities, difficulties in procuring and maintaining necessary equipment and supplies, and obstacles in conducting regular drills and simulations, highlight the areas for improvement. Correlation analysis shows a significant relationship between DRRM practices and preparedness levels, emphasizing proactive engagement. The "Building Resilient Schools" program offers a structured approach to address these challenges. Recommendations highlight the importance of enhancing disaster resilience to create a safer and more resilient learning environment in the Southeast Butuan District.

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Pandapatan, Alican Mendez. "Correlates Schools Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Implementation and School Performance in Safety and Readiness: Basis for Enhanced Action Plan." Indonesian Journal of Multidiciplinary Research 5, no. 1 (2025): 223–34. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijomr.v5i1.82752.

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The study aimed to assess the level of DRRM implementation, school performance, the correlation between the two, identify which DRRM components significantly influence school performance, and propose an enhanced action plan. A descriptive-correlational method was used, with data collected through a survey questionnaire. Results showed that both DRRM implementation and school performance were at a high level. Regression analysis revealed that disaster prevention and mitigation, disaster preparedness, and disaster rehabilitation and recovery were significant predictors of school performance. The proposed enhanced action plan aligns DRRM targets with safety and readiness indicators, suggests appropriate budget allocation based on existing policies, and defines measurable success indicators. A context-based approach is recommended to adapt the action plan according to the unique conditions and experiences of each school, ensuring that safety priorities are effectively addressed.

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Jaizy, Xyrelle E. Faelangca, P. Labador Grace, Ann P. Loregas Rey, and Mark M. Davin Janrey. "Disaster Risk Reduction Measures and Disaster Preparedness of Elementary Schools in Babak District." Contemporary Research Analysis Journal 01, no. 04 (2024): 125–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14014161.

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Abstract The study determines the level of disaster risk reduction measures (DRRM) and disaster preparedness, as well as the significant relationship between the two variables in Cogon, San Antonio, and Toril elementary schools in Babak District. A descriptive-correlational research design was employed in this study. Data analysis involved the use of the weighted average mean and the Pearson Product- Moment Correlation Coefficient. A total of forty-five school heads and teachers respondents were selected through total population sampling. The findings of the study revealed that the levels of disaster risk reduction measures (DRRM) and disaster preparedness in the selected schools are very high, suggesting successful integration and implementation of DRRM strategies. Additionally, a significant relationship was found between the two variables, indicating that increased implementation of disaster risk reduction measures (DRRM) corresponds to higher levels of disaster preparedness in the schools. Consequently, incorporating DRRM into school systems improves the readiness of school heads and teachers for unexpected disasters. The school heads and teachers possess more knowledge and skills to handle disasters, as they are responsible for guiding and protecting students during such events.

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Sanguyu, Ray Jason C. "LEVEL OF AWARENESS AND EXTENT OF INTEGRATION OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN SCHOOL PRACTICES." Ignatian International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research 3, no. 3 (2025): 301–14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15031675.

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This study assessed the level of awareness and extent of integration of disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) in teaching among 43 teachers of Northville 15 Integrated School, District 4, Division of Angeles City, during the school year 2023–2024, using a quantitative-descriptive research design. The findings revealed that teachers were “moderately aware” of DRRM, particularly in disaster-related knowledge, preparedness, adaptation, awareness, and risk perception. The integration of DRRM into education was to a “moderate extent,” focusing on attitude, action, school policy, preparedness planning, and resource mobilization. Problems encountered included lack of training, limited resources, and absence of specific training materials, which were identified as “highly serious” and “very serious” concerns. Based on these findings, a school disaster risk reduction and management plan was proposed, emphasizing hazard awareness, preparedness, and roles before, during, and after disasters. Recommendations included implementing the proposed plan, enhancing school-based DRRM programs with stakeholder participation, conducting regular evaluations of DRRM activities, fostering linkages with government agencies, and increasing disaster preparedness drills. Further research was encouraged to enhance disaster management knowledge and skills.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "DRRM"

Bhimji, Daksha. "Discrete element modelling of a rotating drum and drum granulation." Thesis, Aston University, 2009. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/15283/.

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This thesis reports the results of DEM (Discrete Element Method) simulations of rotating drums operated in a number of different flow regimes. DEM simulations of drum granulation have also been conducted. The aim was to demonstrate that a realistic simulation is possible, and further understanding of the particle motion and granulation processes in a rotating drum. The simulation model has shown good qualitative and quantitative agreement with other published experimental results. A two-dimensional bed of 5000 disc particles, with properties similar to glass has been simulated in the rolling mode (Froude number 0.0076) with a fractional drum fill of approximately 30%. Particle velocity fields in the cascading layer, bed cross-section, and at the drum wall have shown good agreement with experimental PEPT data. Particle avalanches in the cascading layer have been shown to be consistent with single layers of particles cascading down the free surface towards the drum wall. Particle slip at the drum wall has been shown to depend on angular position, and ranged from 20% at the toe and shoulder, to less than 1% at the mid-point. Three-dimensional DEM simulations of a moderately cascading bed of 50,000 spherical elastic particles (Froude number 0.83) with a fractional fill of approximately 30% have also been performed. The drum axis was inclined by 50 to the horizontal with periodic boundaries at the ends of the drum. The mean period of bed circulation was found to be 0.28s. A liquid binder was added to the system using a spray model based on the concept of a wet surface energy. Granule formation and breakage processes have been demonstrated in the system.

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Winberg, Ulf. "DRAM Controller Benchmarking." Thesis, Computer Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19190.

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Since a few years, flat screen TVs, such as LCD and plasma, has come to completelydominate the market of televisions. In a SoC solution for digital TVs, severalprocessors are used to obtain a decent image quality. Some of the processorsneed temporal information, which means that whole frames need to be storedin memory, which in turn motivates the use of SDRAM memory. When higherdemands of resolution and image quality arrives, greater pressure is put on theperformance of the SoC memory subsystem, to not become a bottleneck of thesystem.In this master thesis project, a model of an existing SoC for digital TVs is usedto benchmark and evaluate the performance of an SDRAM memory controllerarchitecture study. The two major features are the ability to reorder transactionsand the compatibility with DDR3. By introducing reordering of transactions, thechoice is given to the memory controller to service memory requests in an orderthat decreases bank conflicts and read/write turn arounds. Measurements showthat a utilization of 86.5 % of the total available bandwidth can be achieved, whichis 18.5 percentage points more, compared to an existing nonreordering memorycontroller developed by NXP.

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Berntsson, Fredrik. "Schengensamarbetet – Europas dröm." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för datalogi och datorsystemteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5943.

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Denna uppsats klargör vad Schengensamarbetet är för något, varför det finns och hur det fungerar. Uppsatsen går igenom alla delar av samarbetet som till synes största del består av att avskaffa personkontrollerna mellan medlemsländerna.

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Yang, Chunping. "Rotating Drum Biofiltration." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1092668752.

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Pharris, Brian S. (Brian Scott) 1978. "The SCALE DRAM subsystem." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17969.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2004. Includes bibliographical references (leaf 79). Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) is consuming an ever-increasing portion of a system's energy budget as advances are made in low-power processors. In order to reduce these energy costs, modern DRAM chips implement low-power operating modes that significantly reduce energy consumption but introduce a performance penalty. This thesis discusses the design and evaluation of an energy-aware DRAM subsystem which leverages the power-saving features of modern DRAM chips while maintaining acceptable system performance. As this subsystem may employ a number of different system policies, the effect of each of these policies on system energy and performance is evaluated. The optimal overall policy configurations in terms of energy, delay, and energy-delay product are presented and evaluated. The configuration which minimizes the energy-delay product demonstrates average energy savings of 41.8% as compared to the high-performance configuration, while only introducing an 8.8% performance degradation. by Brian S. Pharris. M.Eng.

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Ahrén, Christina, and Ida Nyblad. "Investigating DRAM bank partitioning." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-39802.

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We have investigated the page coloring technique bank partitioning and if it can be applied on commercial hardware platforms to reduce execution time jitter for specific tasks. We have also investigated how to alter execution times using bank partitioning. Unpredictable latency created by execution time jitter is a problem in real-time computing on commercial hardware platforms. We have run experiments that try to prove that the bank partitioning method we use alters the execution time and that thrashing occurs in the main memory if we run multiple instances of a workload. We receive significant changes in execution times when using bank partitioning and we can determine that thrashing occurs. However, due to the lack of the ability to measure the hardware performance counter for row buffer misses, we cannot determine if thrashing occurs in the main memory level. Since we cannot determine when, or if thrashing occurs in the main memory we find that we cannot reduce execution time jitter on the two systems that we have tested using bank partitioning on. We also find that execution times of specific tasks can be altered by reducing the number of bank bins associated with the specific task. The execution time of the task is increased if we reduce the number of bins associated with it.

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Jönsson, Anders, and Johan Christensen. "Fast etableringsställe : En skatteplanerares dröm?" Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Commercial Law, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1067.

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This master’s thesis will examine the concept of “fixed establishment” in VAT-law. The concept can be found in the new EC-directive on the common system of value added tax, however it has existed for thirty years in previous directives. Despite this, the legislator has never provided a proper definition of the concept. Its meaning has therefore evolved through the case-law of the ECJ.The Court has put forward a number of criteria which are all to be met if a fixed establishment is to be at hand. First of all the stablishment must have the human and technical resources necessary to provide the service. Furthermore the establishment need to be fully dependent on the parent company. This criterion may be fulfilled even though the establishment is a separate legal person. Finally the Court has held that the result of a transaction being taxed in the country where the fixed establishment is located must lead to a rational taxation result. This rational result is to be examined on a case-by-case basis. It seems clear that a scheme where a fixed establishment is being used with the sole purpose of avoiding VAT would not meet this requirement.The concept of fixed establishment is not to be confused with the concept of permanent establishment existing in income taxation. This latter concept is laid down by Article 5 of the OECD Convention. The two concepts share a common heart, however the ECJ has used the concept of fixed establishment to accommodate the needs of Community law in the field of VAT.Furthermore, this master’s thesis will examine what tax planning opportunities fixed establishments may provide. Swedish companies, primarily exempt taxable persons such as banks and insurance companies, may be tempted to establish fixed establishments in states with a low VAT-rate on professional services, i.e. services provided by consultants, engineers, lawyers and accountants etc. Exempt taxable persons are not entitled to deduct input VAT. By having the fixed establishment purchase the service in question abroad at a low rate of VAT and then forward the service to the main office, savings on VAT cost can be made.A VAT-saving scheme, based on reversed charge of VAT, may involve a Swedish company purchasing a service via a fixed establishment in Luxembourg at a VAT-rate of 15%. When the establishment subsequently forwards the service to the main office in Sweden no taxation will be made since the ECJ has held that transactions within the same legal entity are not taxable. The difference in VAT cost is ten percentage points which is what the Swedish head office saves by having the fixed establishment purchase the service rather than purchasing it directly from the provider. Similarly, a fixed establishment may be organised in Switzerland, outside the Community, where the VAT-rate is even lower. There are obstacles to these kinds of VAT-saving schemes, and these will be more thoroughly examined.

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Elg, Tomas, Caroline Östlund, and Anders Lodin. "GANT : En svensk amerikansk dröm." Thesis, Stockholm University, School of Business, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6421.

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Problem I en alltmer global affärsvärld där nationers exklusiva rätt till sina egna associationer och ursprungs markörer har upphört och de har övergått till att bli ett marknadsförings verktyg. Hur kan företag använda sig av associationer och ursprungsmarkörer som verktyg för att skapa starka varumärken och vilka problem kan uppstå i användandet av dessa verktyg? Syfte Vi vill genom en kvalitativ studie undersöka den varumärkesbyggande processen inom Gant och se hur de använder sig av associationer och ursprungsmarkörer för att stärka sitt varumärke. Metod I arbetet görs en litteraturstudie av både primära och sekundära källor. Vidare studeras, genom en intervju av det svenskägda konfektionsföretaget Gant och dess varumärkesstrategier samt om hur de associerar sig till den amerikanska östkusten, vilket sätts i relation till litteraturstudien. Resultatet av den kvalitativa studien sammanställs i analysen, vilken följs av slutsatser. Teori Teori kring varumärkesstrategier som begrepp, men även mer specifikt för just associationsmarknadsföring och ”Country-of-Origin” effekten är exempel på teorier som det lagts mest tyngd på. Empiri Den empiriska delen av uppsatsen, är baserad på en intervju med Gants Sverigechef, som speglar sina svar på de frågor som ställts, som i sig grundats i teoridelen. Resultat Gants varumärkesbyggande har skett genom att de associerar sitt varumärke med USA och kombinerar det med en europeisk elegans. De arbetar väldigt intensivt och med en professionell marknadsföring för att slutligen ha fått ett väletablerat varumärke på den globala marknaden. Resultatet är att Gant till stor del har lyckats med sina varumärkesstrategier och har lyckats att använda köpta ursprungsmarkörer och associationer, för att stärka sitt varumärke.

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Marcinkevicius, Tadas. "DRAM BASED PARAMETER DATABASE OPTIMIZATION." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-100332.

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This thesis suggests an improved parameter database implementation for one of Ericsson products. The parameter database is used during the initialization of the system as well as during the later operation. The database size is constantly growing because the parameter database is intended to be used with different hardware configurations. When a new technology platform is released, multiple revisions with additional features and functionalities are later created, resulting in introduction of new parameters or changes to their values. Ericsson provides support for old and new products. The entire parameter database is currently stored in DRAM memory as a hash map. Therefore an optimal parameter database implementation should have low memory footprint. The search speed and initialization speed for the target system are also important to allow high system availability and low downtime, since a reboot is a common fix for many problems. As many optimizations have to consider memory size – speed tradeoff, it has been decided to give preference to reducing memory footprint. This research seeks to: Analyze data-structures suitable for parameter database implementation (Hash map, Sparsehash, Judy hash, Binary search tree, Treap, Skip List, AssocVector presorted using std::map, Burst trie). Propose the best data-structure in terms of used memory area and speed. If possible, further optimize it for database size in memory and access speed. Create a prototype implementation. Test the performance of the new implementation. The results indicate that a more compact database implementation can be achieved using alternative data structures such as Presorted AssocVector an Sparsehash, however some search speed and build speed is lost when using these data structures instead of the original Gnu Hash Map implementation.

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Bhalodia, Vimal. "SCALE DRAM subsystem power analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/36795.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2005. Includes bibliographical references (p. 51). To address the needs of the next generation of low-power systems, DDR2 SDRAM offers a number of low-power modes with various performance and power consumption tradeoffs. The SCALE DRAM Subsystem is an energy-aware DRAM system with various system policies that make use of these modes. In this thesis, we design and implement a DDR2 DRAM controller and test a version of the SCALE DRAM Subsystem in hardware. Power measurements from the actual DRAM chips are taken and compared to datasheet derived values, and an analysis of the DRAM refresh requirements is performed. Some notable power consumption results include active powerdown being much closer to precharge powerdown and reads taking much less current than the datasheet indicates. In addition, based on the refresh tests, a system that powers down at least 12.3s for each 32MB of traffic can save power using delayed refresh and ECC data encoding. by Vimal Bhalodia. M.Eng.

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Books on the topic "DRRM"

Philippine Institute for Development Studies, ed. Quick response funds and DRRM resources in the Departement of National Defense and various departments. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2014.

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Hanche-Olsen, Ola. Drøm, Caroline, drøm--. N.W. Damm, 1988.

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illustrator, Eligio Antonio 1958, and Dole Mayra L, eds. Drum, Chavi, drum! Childrens Book Press, 2014.

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Toulson, Rob. Drum Sound and Drum Tuning. Focal Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003104209.

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Locke, David. Drum damba: Talking drum lessons. White Cliffs Media Co., 1990.

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Tatos, Mircea. Drum la capăt de drum. Ararat, 2002.

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Özel, Servet. Yaşamdaki dram. S. Özel, 1997.

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McGrouther, Bridget. Dram fine. Scottish Field, 2005.

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Sharp, Allen. Death's drum. Cambridge University Press, 1987.

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Magee, Kevin. Tedium drum. Lyric & Press, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "DRRM"

Balderama, Orlando F. "Climate Change Adaptation Practices Towards Sustainable Watershed Management: The Case of Abuan Watershed in Ilagan City, Philippines." In Interlocal Adaptations to Climate Change in East and Southeast Asia. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81207-2_3.

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AbstractIn the Philippines, it is the local government units (LGUs) who are at the forefront in implementing initiatives related to disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) and climate change adaptation (CCA) in their respective jurisdictions. The legal framework governing DRRM and CCA devolves to the LGUs the responsibility to prepare and integrate local CCA and DRRM into locally mandated plans, particularly into the Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) and Comprehensive Development Plans (CDP). The legal framework governing the country’s climate change and disaster risk reduction and management policies are as follows:

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Liu, Zitao, Shuo Li, and Xiaolan Wang. "Developing A Dynamic Role Relationship Model (DRRM) for Social Innovation Stakeholder Analysis." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-93739-2_13.

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Abante, Ana Marie R. "Understanding Preparedness Insufficiency in the Context of DRRM: A Case Study in Malinao, Albay, Philippines." In Recent Advances in Geo-Environmental Engineering, Geomechanics and Geotechnics, and Geohazards. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01665-4_115.

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Bang, Henry Ngenyam. "Valuation of High-Level Climate Change Education Discourse in Africa: Evidence-Based Insights for Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Management." In Practices, Perceptions and Prospects for Climate Change Education in Africa. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-84081-4_7.

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Abstract With scary predictions of frequent, diverse, and severe impacts of disaster and climate change (CC)-induced risks in Africa, discourses on viable CC and disaster mitigation and adaptation measures have intensified in recent decades. Endorsed by the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), education is perceived as a powerful disaster risk reduction (DRR) tool. Underpinned by a novel “Determinants of DRR Education” conceptual framework, this chapter employs a qualitative research approach to explore the pedagogic space for CC/DRR education in Africa. Aimed at assessing whether CC/DRR education has been comprehensively inculcated into discourses at the highest level in Africa, this chapter interrogates the depth and scope of assimilation of CC/DRR education during the African Regional Platforms (ARP) and High-Level ministerial meetings for DRR. By applying a Likert Scale grading to the analysis, assessments were done on two main objectives: (1) the consolidation of CC/DRR education into the various Platforms and (2) how immersed the various determinants of DRR/CC education are in the Platforms. Informed by basic statistical analysis (percentages) the first objective was assessed as “poor-mediocre” while the second objective was “fair”. Overall, the inclusion of DRR/CC education in the Platforms is considered “Mediocre-Fair”. From the result, we argue that the High-Level discussions have minimal consideration for education as a potent disaster risk mitigation strategy. Given the crucial role of education in mitigating climate risks, this chapter argues for inculcating DRR/CC education into the ARPs to expedite uptake by African countries. The chapter has policy implications for disaster/climate risk education, contributes to the literature in the field, and is also beneficial to CC/DRM practitioners, professionals and students/teachers.

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Molina, Jesusa Grace J., and Andreas Neef. "Integration of Indigenous Knowledge into Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Policies for Sustainable Development: The Case of the Agta in Casiguran, Philippines." In Sustainable Development and Disaster Risk Reduction. Springer Japan, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55078-5_16.

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Le Tissier, Martin, and Hester Whyte. "Why Does Making Connections Through Resilience Indicators Matter?" In Creating Resilient Futures. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80791-7_2.

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AbstractThe year 2015 saw the adoption of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the Paris Agreement. These landmark UN agreements both characterise and present the opportunity for developing integrated responses and coherence to the challenges bridging development, humanitarian, climate and disaster risk reduction areas. This chapter will provide examples of experiences and best practices from the international arena that identify how approaches to SDGs, Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Management (DRM), and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) are juxtaposed, and the policy instruments currently in place that address SDG, DRR and CCA activities and actions. The text will consider opportunities for developing a concept of resilience that integrates SDG, DRR and CCA frameworks in response to global challenges, thereby constituting a development continuum instead of a series of independent and isolated phenomena. It will also identify and characterise opportunities for synergies across the different domains for community and sector vulnerability at local, national and international scales through integrated reporting across agreements.

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Fiel, Wolfgang. "Drum." In Eckhard Schulze-Fielitz. Springer Vienna, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-99198-5_28.

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Weik, Martin H. "drum." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_5628.

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Metze, Dieter, Tam Nguyen, Birgit Haack, et al. "DRRS." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_7963.

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Toulson, Rob. "Snare drum tuning." In Drum Sound and Drum Tuning. Focal Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003104209-10.

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Conference papers on the topic "DRRM"

Choi, K. S., S. H. Kim, J. W. Seo, et al. "A Three Dimensional DRAM (3D DRAM) Technology for the Next Decades." In 2024 IEEE Symposium on VLSI Technology and Circuits (VLSI Technology and Circuits). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/vlsitechnologyandcir46783.2024.10631471.

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Liping Ai and H. C. Shaw. "Modifications to Multi-beam Systems for DRRM." In 36th International Satellite Communications Systems Conference (ICSSC2018). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2018.1695.

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Xu, Hui, Xue Sun, Suzhi Cao, and Yueying Zhan. "Implementation of multi - priority and variable - length DRRM scheduling algorithm based on FPGA." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS SCIENCE, RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (MSREE 2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5005272.

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Ivanovski, Jonce, and Aljosa Nedev. "MODERN APPROACHES AND METHODS IN LEARNING MARTIAL SKILLS AMONG THE POLICE." In SECURITY HORIZONS. Faculty of Security- Skopje, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/icp.3.6.22.p06.

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An educational system of high quality within the educational police centers is of great importance for the achievement of maximum efficiency in the police duty in the part of application of the coercive methods. Meeting this requirement implies establishment and implementation of modern approaches and methods for learning martial arts which are in line with the professional requirements and needs. From an educational point of view, each training should contain a variety of approaches and methods in order for the police officers to be ready to act further in the performance of their duties. At the overall level, a generally accepted model for education of police officers does not exist, so this paper develops and analyzes several basic approaches and methods that we consider useful and necessary for learning martial arts and how to apply them in reality. In the part of the analysis, special attention is paid to DRRM - Dynamic Resistance Response Model which teaches and guides police officers how to act in specific security situations in which they face aggressive behavior and resistance. According to the allegations, the general conclusion is that police training plays a key role in gaining the necessary level of knowledge and skills to properly, legally and efficiently perform professional tasks and to find logical solutions to reduce the danger in conflict situations. Keywords: police education, combat systems, means of coercion, tactical action

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Joy Carmelotes, Larriza, Jasel Anne Mingua, Kyle Jerome Santos, Kyle Aleen Umayam, Joehanna Ngo, and Yoshiki Kurata. "Factors affecting Perceived Earthquake Preparedness Behavior among Senior High School Graduates in the Philippines." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003156.

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The Philippines is known to be highly vulnerable to disasters brought on by natural calamities and hazards, including surges, cyclones, droughts, earthquakes, tsunamis, and landslides. Currently, the country expects that the worst-case earthquake, known as “The Big One,” stretches from the Philippines’ West Valley fault, which will cause catastrophic events such as property damage, livelihood loss, and human casualties. With the recent improvements in the primary education curriculum in the Philippines, disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) have been incorporated as core subjects to be taken by students in senior high school. The research aimed to know the factors affecting the perceptions of Filipino senior high school graduates regarding earthquake preparedness through the integration of Protection Motivation Theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior through Structural Equation Modeling. A total of 505 Filipino senior high school graduates volunteered to answer a self-administered online questionnaire consisting of 66 questions (11 latent variables and 57 indicators). Results show that Intention to prepare (I) has the highest direct significance effect on Actual behavior (AB), Actual behavior to Perceived preparedness (PP). Moreover, Actual behavior (AB) has the highest direct relationship with Perceived Preparedness (PP). Media (M), Hazard Knowledge (HK), and Risk Perception (RP) affect the Perceived Severity (SV). Media (M) and Hazard knowledge (HK) were also found to have significant effects on Perceived Vulnerability (VN). Thus, Perceived Severity (SV), Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), and Attitude towards the Behavior (AB) directly affects Response Efficacy (RE). Lastly, Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC) and Attitude towards the Behavior (AB) have a substantial effect on the Intention to prepare (I). Recommendations presented in this paper such as securing items at home, preparing an emergency kit, storing consumables, mustering information about evacuation sites and earthquake risks, and participating in drills or practices, are expected to improve earthquake awareness and preparedness among students and aid in reducing the disaster severity effects.

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Tatum, Marcus, Geb W. Thomas, and Donald D. Anderson. "DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF A SYSTEM FOR CT-FREE VOLUME RECONSTRUCTION FROM INTRA-OPERATIVE FLUOROSCOPY FOR NAVIGATION IN ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY." In 2023 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2023-9640.

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Abstract A novel biomechanical guidance system (BGS) for markerless intra-operative bone tracking that seamlessly integrates into the surgical setting was recently developed [1]. It utilizes 3D models from pre-operative CT, via 3D-to-2D registration methods, to update object poses based on 2D fluoroscopic images. However, on occasion pre-operative CT images may be unavailable. We developed a CT-free method to enable BGS use that leverages neural radiance fields (NeRF) to generate a continuous volumetric scene [2,3] from intra-operative fluoroscopy. For proof of concept, digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) were created from pelvic CT data as a stand-in for intra-operative fluoroscopy. DRRs and virtual C-arm positions were fed into an existing NeRF scene reconstruction system,[2,3] and bones were segmented from the reconstruction. The accuracy of NeRF-derived segmentations was evaluated by comparison to gold-standard CT segmentation. The number of input DRRs was varied to study how this parameter influences reconstructions. Volume reconstructions were readily obtained using the NeRF scene reconstruction system. RMS errors of the NeRF-derived segmentations ranged from 1.23 mm when using 36 input DRR images to 1.98 mm when using only 8 input DRR images. Based on this performance, we conclude that CT-free NeRF volume reconstruction from intra-operative fluoroscopy holds great potential for use in surgical navigation applications involving bony procedures.

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Lakshman, L., Parthasarathy Ramaswamy, and Woong Hwan Ryu. "Frequency Domain Based Topology Optimization for DRR2-533 DRAM Interface in SFF Domain." In 2006 International Conference on Electronic Materials and Packaging. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/emap.2006.4430674.

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Tan, Tze Hon, Chia Yee Ooi, and Muhammad Nadzir Marsono. "drDRM: A PUF-Based Dynamically Reconfigurable DRM Mechanism for FPGA-Based Platform." In 2018 Sixth International Symposium on Computing and Networking (CANDAR). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/candar.2018.00034.

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D'Amico, Marco, Marta Garcia-Gasulla, Víctor López, Ana Jokanovic, Raül Sirvent, and Julita Corbalan. "DROM." In ICPP '18 Comp: 47th International Conference on Parallel Processing Companion. ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3229710.3229752.

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Gurumurthi, Sudhanva, Anand Sivasubramaniam, Mahmut Kandemir, and Hubertus Franke. "DRPM." In the 30th annual international symposium. ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/859618.859638.

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Reports on the topic "DRRM"

Ron, Alexa. Pilot Terrestrial Vegetation Monitoring in the Southeastern United States, 2009-2010 - Data Release Report. National Park Service, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36967/2303058.

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Data Release Reports (DRR) are created by the National Park Service and provide detailed descriptions of valuable research datasets in a human-readable format, including the methods used to collect the data and technical analyses supporting the quality of the measurements. DRRs focus on helping others reuse data rather than presenting results, testing hypotheses, or presenting new interpretations and in-depth analyses. Pilot terrestrial vegetation monitoring occurred in eleven Southeast Coast Network (SECN) parks in 2009 and 2010 and evaluated trends in plant cover, frequency, diversity and distribution. After QA/QC, the data were processed by the Inventory and Monitoring Division (IMD) to comply with Executive Order 13642 (Making Open and Machine Readable the New Default for Government Information). One data cleaning script was produced, resulting in six datasets: canopy, events, frequency, locations, shrubs and treedbh. The script was used to format the data for clarity and consistency, and to generate cleaned CSV files for the associated data package. This DRR describes the data package for the pilot terrestrial vegetation monitoring in the Southeast Coast Network in 2009 and 2010, including how and where to access the data, collection methods, processing steps, data quality evaluation, and usage notes. The Data Package this DRR refers to is: Corbett SL, Byrne MW, Ron A. 2024. Pilot Terrestrial Vegetation Monitoring in the Southeastern United States, 2009-2010 - Data Package. National Park Service. Fort Collins CO https://doi.org/10.57830/2303037

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Hobbs, Abigail, and Sarah Kelso. [PILOT] Herpetological Monitoring Surveys for the Southeast Coast Network: 2009-2010 - Data Release Report. National Park Service, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36967/2303227.

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Data Release Reports (DRR) are created by the National Park Service and provide detailed descriptions of valuable research datasets in a human-readable format, including the methods used to collect the data and technical analyses supporting the quality of the measurements. DRRs focus on helping others reuse data rather than presenting results, testing hypotheses, or presenting new interpretations and in-depth analyses. Pilot herpetological surveys were conducted in Cape Hatteras National Seashore, Cape Lookout National Seashore, Canaveral National Seashore, Congaree National Park, Cumberland Island National Seashore, Fort Frederica National Monument, Fort Matanzas National Monument, Fort Sumter National Historical Park, Horseshoe Bend National Military Park, Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park, Moores Creek National Battlefield, Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park, and Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve from 2009-2010 as part of a monitoring protocol for the Southeast Coast Network (SECN) of the National Park Service. After network QA/QC, the data were processed by the Inventory and Monitoring Division (IMD) to comply with Executive Order 13642 (Making Open and Machine Readable the New Default for Government Information). Two data cleaning scripts were produced, resulting in two datasets: ARD_Monitoring_Survey_2009-2010 and VES_Monitoring_Survey_2009-2010. The scripts were used to format the data for clarity and consistency, and to generate cleaned CSV files for the associated data package. This DRR describes the data package for a pilot monitoring protocol of herpetological surveys conducted in thirteen parks from 2009-2010, including how and where to access the data, collection methods, processing steps, data quality evaluation, and usage notes. The Data Package this DRR refers to is: Hobbs A, Byrne M, Smrekar B, Moore M, Harris C, Blankley B, Elston L, Bazemore P. 2024. [PILOT] Herpetological Monitoring Surveys for the Southeast Coast Network: 2009-2010 - Data Package. National Park Service. Fort Collins CO https://doi.org/10.57830/2303711.

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Whitmill, L. J. Waste drum refurbishment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/656792.

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Janzen, Sally, Jana Balzer, Fabian Merk, Jonas Hansohm, and Yvonne Walz. Planning and evaluating ecosystem-based flood risk reduction measures in West Africa: A guidebook. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/jwbv7801.

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With climate change exacerbating flood risks in West Africa, “Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction” (Eco-DRR) is increasingly recognized as part of the solution to address this challenge. This guidebook outlines the strategic planning and evaluation of Eco-DRR measures to support tailoring them to local needs and conditions, strategically locating the intervention for increased risk reduction benefits and comprehensively evaluating their effectiveness. It guides the successful implementation of Eco-DRR, with practical steps on ‘how to’ plan and locate and evaluate the interventions.

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McBeath, R. S. Drum drop test report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/34237.

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MCDONALD, K. M. Unvented Drum Handling Plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/804477.

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Younkin, Douglas R. Dram Oxide Screening Methods. Defense Technical Information Center, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada231803.

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Wallace, Sean, Scott Lux, Constandinos Mitsingas, Irene Andsager, and Tapan Patel. Performance testing and modeling of a transpired ventilation preheat solar wall : performance evaluation of facilities at Fort Drum, NY, and Kansas Air National Guard, Topeka, KS. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42000.

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This work performed measurement and verification of installed, operational solar wall systems at Fort Drum, NY, and Forbes Field, Air National Guard, Topeka, KS. Actual annual savings were compared estimated savings generated by a solar wall modeling tool (RETScreen). A comparison with the RETScreen modeling tool shows that the measured actively heated air provided by the solar wall provides 57% more heat than the RETScreen tool predicted, after accounting for boiler efficiency. The solar wall at Fort Drum yields a net savings of $851/yr, for a simple payback of 146 years and a SIR of 0.16. RETScreen models indicate that the solar wall system at Forbes Field, Kansas Air National Guard, Topeka, KS saves $9,350/yr, for a simple payback of 58.8 years and a SIR of 0.34. Although results showed that, due to low natural gas prices, the Fort Drum system was not economically viable, it was recommended that the system still be used to meet renewable energy and fossil fuel reduction goals. The current system becomes economical (SIR 1.00) at a natural gas rate of $16.00/MMBTU or $1.60 /therm.

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Ashwill, Maximillian, and Lourdes Alvarez Prado. Background Paper: Disaster Risk Reduction. Inter-American Development Bank, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009225.

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The frequency of natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, hurricanes, and earthquakes, is increasing in LAC as in the rest of the world. During the 1960s and 1970s, fewer than 20 disasters occurred per year, while during the 2000s the average increased to 50 disasters per year.This sector study describes the state of natural disaster risk in the Region. It looks at LAC's progress in reducing disaster risk and examines the major challenges that it still confronts. OVE also describes and analyzes the IDB's Disaster Risk Management (DRM) and Climate Change strategies, the DRM portfolio and assesses its DRM work.

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Chen, Jinqiang, Jianping Yan, and Weijun Zhang. Integrated Approach for Cost-Effective Disaster Risk Management. Asian Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps240461-2.

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The paper explains the framework developed under the Asian Development Bank’s technical assistance project, Integrated Framework for Cost-Effective Disaster Risk Management, which can be used by decision-makers in deliberating disaster risk management (DRM) measures in the process of disaster resilience investment. This paper highlights the integrated approach for DRM, that is, a comprehensive exploration of disaster risk reduction and residual risk management measures. It outlines the prioritization process based on cost-effective approach, allowing decision-makers to consider the direct benefits and co-benefits of DRM measures and make inclusive and robust decisions in the context of high uncertainties due to climate change and socioeconomic development, and with budgetary and capacity constraints.

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Academic literature on the topic 'DRRM'

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Journal articles on the topic "DRRM"

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Book chapters on the topic "DRRM"

Conference papers on the topic "DRRM"

Reports on the topic "DRRM"