Relevant bibliographies by topics / Drug abuse and crime – Macau

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Drug abuse and crime – Macau'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Drug abuse and crime – Macau"

1

Dembo, Richard, Linda Williams, James Schmeidler, Eric D. Wish, Alan Getreu, and Estrellita Berry. "Juvenile Crime and Drug Abuse:." Journal of Addictive Diseases 11, no. 2 (April 15, 1992): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j069v11n02_02.

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2

Benda, Brent B. "Crime, Drug Abuse and Mental Illness." Journal of Social Service Research 13, no. 3 (March 30, 1990): 39–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j079v13n03_03.

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3

Ritson, Bruce. "Combatting drug abuse and related crime." Social Science & Medicine 21, no. 9 (January 1985): 1055–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(85)90428-9.

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4

CHONG, JENNY. "Crime Indicators for Alcohol and Drug Abuse." Criminal Justice and Behavior 25, no. 3 (September 1998): 283–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854898025003001.

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5

Benda, Brent B. "Crime, drug abuse, mental illness, and homelessness." Deviant Behavior 8, no. 4 (January 1987): 361–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01639625.1987.9967756.

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6

Sharif, Behjat. "Substance Abuse and Crime Prevention Act." Californian Journal of Health Promotion 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v1i1.1658.

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The Substance Abuse and Crime Prevention Act of 2000 (SACPA), also known as Proposition 36, became effective on July 1, 2001. It allows certain nonviolent drug offenders into community-based drug treatment programs instead of incarceration. Funds have been allocated to the California counties for implementation of the law over a five year period. The program involves the cooperation and collaboration of professionals and agencies within the state’s two social service systems: criminal justice and public health. Initial evaluation indicates SACPA’s effectiveness in reducing jail and prison populations, saving funds, and providing drug treatment to a large number of SACPA recipients. The implementation process has faced a number of challenges that must be resolved to ensure Californians’ trust that treatment is more effective than punishment of drug abusers. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the SACPA initiative and present an analysis of its benefits and challenges. Additionally, suggestions are made for health educators’ intervention to ensure effectiveness of SACPA programs in improving public health.
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7

Dave, Dhaval, Monica Deza, and Brady Horn. "Prescription drug monitoring programs, opioid abuse, and crime." Southern Economic Journal 87, no. 3 (January 2021): 808–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/soej.12481.

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Chandra, Erika. "Victimless Crime in Indonesia: Should We Punished Them?" PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) 06, no. 02 (August 2019): 216–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v6n2.a1.

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Criminal act deserves punishment because it causes harmful to its victim. However, some criminal acts may be considered as victimless crime since the perpetrator is also the victim. They are, for example, drug abuse, gambling, and abortion. In many states, such as Netherlands, victimless crime like drug abuse are no longer considered to be punishable crime since they use harm reduction approach for drug abuse problem. Drug abuse is seen as a health issue, not a criminal law issue. On the contrary, Indonesia still considers victimless crime to be punishable. The Indonesian Penal Code and Narcotics Law, for example, regulate that drug abuse is punishable. Indonesian criminal policy uses zero tolerance approach. Hence, the criminal policy is to eradicate all narcotics offences, including drug abuse. Nevertheless, it is not a solution for the problem drug abuse. Furthermore, the number of Indonesian drug user is increased. The policy has also caused overcrowd in Indonesian correctional institutions. Considering its unique characteristic and contemplating the purpose of punishment itself, punishment for victimless crime should be reconsidered. This article aims to bring perspectives on this matter by using juridical normative method with regulation, comparative, and case study approaches.
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9

Chandra, Erika. "Victimless Crime in Indonesia: Should We Punished Them?" PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) 06, no. 02 (August 2019): 216–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v6n2.a1.

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Criminal act deserves punishment because it causes harmful to its victim. However, some criminal acts may be considered as victimless crime since the perpetrator is also the victim. They are, for example, drug abuse, gambling, and abortion. In many states, such as Netherlands, victimless crime like drug abuse are no longer considered to be punishable crime since they use harm reduction approach for drug abuse problem. Drug abuse is seen as a health issue, not a criminal law issue. On the contrary, Indonesia still considers victimless crime to be punishable. The Indonesian Penal Code and Narcotics Law, for example, regulate that drug abuse is punishable. Indonesian criminal policy uses zero tolerance approach. Hence, the criminal policy is to eradicate all narcotics offences, including drug abuse. Nevertheless, it is not a solution for the problem drug abuse. Furthermore, the number of Indonesian drug user is increased. The policy has also caused overcrowd in Indonesian correctional institutions. Considering its unique characteristic and contemplating the purpose of punishment itself, punishment for victimless crime should be reconsidered. This article aims to bring perspectives on this matter by using juridical normative method with regulation, comparative, and case study approaches.
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10

Sharif, Behjat. "The Substance Abuse and Crime Prevention Act." Californian Journal of Health Promotion 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v1i1.377.

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The Substance Abuse and Crime Prevention Act of 2000 (SACPA), also known as Proposition 36, became effective on July 1, 2001. It allows certain nonviolent drug offenders into community-based drug treatment programs instead of incarceration. Funds have been allocated to the California counties for implementation of the law over a five year period. The program involves the cooperation and collaboration of professionals and agencies within the state’s two social service systems: criminal justice and public health. Initial evaluation indicates SACPA’s effectiveness in reducing jail and prison populations, saving funds, and providing drug treatment to a large number of SACPA recipients. The implementation process has faced a number of challenges that must be resolved to ensure Californians’ trust that treatment is more effective than punishment of drug abusers. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the SACPA initiative and present an analysis of its benefits and challenges. Additionally, suggestions are made for health educators’ intervention to ensure effectiveness of SACPA programs in improving public health.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Drug abuse and crime – Macau"

1

Xia, Yi Wei. "Estimating size of illicit drug users in Macau." Thesis, University of Macau, 2015. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3335266.

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2

Coetzee, Lezanie. "Modelling Drug Abuse and Drug-related Crime: A Systems Approach." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97863.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015
ENGLISH ABSTRACT : In this study we look at the syndemic of substance abuse and drug-related crime in the Western Cape province of South Africa. The intent of this study is to provoke critical thinking about the possibilities systems thinking and system dynamics posses for social and health challenges in a diverse and complex environment like that of South Africa, especially the Western Cape. This study ventures into cross-discipline work between Epidemiology, Biomathematics and System Dynamics, with the hope of encouraging researchers from different fields to collaborate in order to curb the scourge of substance abuse and drug-related crime in South Africa. Substance abuse and the associated health and social hazards such as drug-related crime is a major problem in the Western Cape. Drug-related crime cases reported by the South African Police Services (SAPS) for the Western Cape exhibited a 311.5% growth in the past decade. This highlights how the reduction of substance abuse and drug-related crime within theWestern Cape province, will be an elixir for the safety and development of the communities. The fight against substance abuse has been driven by a multi-sectorial approach involving several government departments, non-governmental organisations and communities. With systems thinking the assumption is that the world is systemic, which means that phenomena is understood to be an emergent property of the interrelated whole. Firstly, using non-linear ordinary differential equations, we formulate a deterministic mathematical model for the substance abuse and drug-related crime syndemic, evaluate the threshold number and use sensitivity analysis to analyze the model. Secondly, a dynamic system, called the Substance Abuse and Drug-related Crime in theWestern Cape (SADC-WC) system is constructed using the STELLA in order to explore and classify the underlying relationships and structures within the substance abuse and drug-related crime system. Both the sensitivity analysis, and the simulations of the SADC-WC system indicate that an increase of successful convictions will have a significant influence on the syndemic, and promise to reduce drug-related crime cases.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : In hierdie studie ondersoek on die syndemie (‘syndemic’) van dwelmmisbruik en dwelmverwante misdaad in die Wes-Kaap provinsie, in Suid-Afrika. Die moontlikhede wat sistemiese denke en dinamiese sisteme inhou vir sosiale en gesondheid kwale in ’n diverse en komplekse omgewing soos Suid-Afrika, word ondersoek. Hierdie studie waag interdisiplinêre werk tussen Epidemiologie, Biowiskunde en Dinamiese sisteme, met die hoop om navorsers van verskillende velde aan te moedig om saam te werk om die plaag van dwelmmisbruik en dwelm-verwante misdaad in Suid-Afrika te bekamp. Dwelmmisbruik en die gepaardgaande gesondheid en maatskaplike gevare soos dwelmverwante misdaad is ’n groot probleem in dieWes-Kaap. Die SAPD se vermelde dwelmverwante midaad het ’n groei van 311,5% ondergaan in die afgelope dekade, en is aanduidend vir hoe die beheer en beperking van dwelmmisbruik en dwelm-verwante misdaad in die Wes-Kaap provinsie bevordering van beide die veiligheid en ontwikkeling van die gemeenskap sal verseker. Dit beklemtoon hoe die vermindering van dwelmmisbruik en dwelm-verwante misdaad in dieWes-Kaapland, sal ’n elikser vir die veiligheid en ontwikkeling van die gemeenskappe. Die stryd teen dwelmmisbruik is gedryf deur ’n multi-sektorale benadering waarby verskeie regeringsdepartemente, nie-regerings organisasies en gemeenskappe. Stelsels denke en dinamiese sisteme is gebasseur op die aanname, dat die wÃłreld is sistemiese en dat verskynsels verstaan word ten opsigte van die ontluikende eienskap van die omvattende geheel. Eerstens stel ons ’n kompartementele model op wat deur nie-liniêre gewone differensiële vergelykings beskryf kan word vir die dwelmmisbruik en dwelm-verwante misdaad epidemies. Ons evalueer die drumpel getal en gebruik sensitiwiteitsanalise om die parameters van die model te analiseer. Tweedens, is ’n dinamiese sisteem genaamd die Middelmisbruik en dwelmverwante misdaad in dieWes-Kaap (SADC-WC) stelsel gebou met behulp van die STELLA platform om te verken en klassifiseer die onderliggende verhoudings en strukture binne die dwelmmisbruik en dwelm-verwante misdaad stelsel. Beide die sensitiwiteitsanalise, en die simulasies van die SADC-WC stelsel dui aan dat ’n toename in suksesvolle vonisse ’n beduidende invloed op die epidemies sal hê; en beloof om sake van dwelmverwante misdaad te verminder.
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3

Tam, Ian Chi. "Review of research on juvenile drug use :a lesson for Macao." Thesis, University of Macau, 2015. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3335271.

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4

Cumley, Samantha Renee. "Drug use, mental health and encounters with the legal system in Missoula County." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05112007-130625/.

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5

Ho, Wing-yin Cecilia, and 何穎賢. "Governing injecting drug users in the context of risk environment under neo-liberal drug policy in Macao." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/209482.

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This thesis analyses the construction of the risk environment with the emergence of a harm reduction policy in Macao, which, I propose acts as a regulatory regime to address the HIV/AIDS epidemic among injecting drug users (IDUs). On the one hand, the policy has endeavoured to address the various levels of the risk environment on the IDUs; on the other hand, it is also portrayed as a bio-political project situated in the history of drug control and public health surveillance in Macao. With harm reduction imperatives such as the methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and needle and syringe programme (NSP), addict citizens are refashioned and made up to be a particular form of drug using subject – health conscious citizens who rationally and calculatingly perform in the use of drugs in a controlled manner in order to minimise drug-related harm to themselves as well as the general society. With the conferral of neoliberal subjectivity, they are offered political benefits in symbolic and material resources, such as recognition, trust and legitimate status, to obtain welfare. However, the tradeoffs are their freedom and mobility in being constrained by the methadone treatment, which is metaphorically represented as “liquid handcuffs”. The study utilises ethnographic research methods, such as video-recording, photo-taking, field observations and in-depth interviews, as its data sources. The data analysis is informed by a thematic approach, especially discourse and content analyses. Inspired by risk governmentality, IDUs are not passively subjugated to the surveillance of the treatment regime. Contrarily, they actively display modest amounts of agency, which they assert themselves by developing various streetwise risk strategies to handle overdosing. A code of ethics with regards to moral economy and responsibility are cultivated in the drug user community under the impacts of harm reduction (expert) discourses. In the face of entrenched double stigma around drug addiction and HIV/AIDS which shape their risk environment and spoiled identity as junkies, the drug users in this study endeavour to innovate strategies of resistance with the use of harm reduction measures to properly manage their spoiled identity and reclaim their citizenship. This gives them more freedom, autonomy and pleasure in their life experiences through the negotiation process that is embedded in the risk environment. The theoretical implications of this study include: the integration of risk governmentality with risk environment, and an assessment of harm reduction imperatives, including their effect as a newer form of governance on IDUs, which might conceal the material constraints that they face. In short, harm reduction requires a critical focus on the benevolence of biopolitical projects, such as the MMT and NSP, which, while not intentional, might legitimise the repressive measures directed at drug users – who ultimately are not willing to trade their freedom to take part in ―healthy self-care‖ projects under a neoliberal drug policy.
published_or_final_version
Sociology
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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6

Swarts, Brigitte Stephanie. "The inevitability of us :exploring the risk and protective factors relating to the use and / or rejection of methamphetamine amongst youth in Manenberg." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6991_1298285933.

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This study presents a discursive journey with regard to the risk and protective factors confronting individuals who engage in methamphetamine use within the Manenberg area. Given that this journey requires a cautious and sensitive approach to the meaning making of the lived experiences of the six (6) individual users (the informant base)
the study adopted an analysis process that would allow for a guided &ldquo
tour&rdquo
of these experiences. In doing so, the study made use of the grounded theory method that allowed for this guided &ldquo
tour&rdquo
to be fully anchored in the collected data. External to this data, and once the data emerged as engageable themes, the study introduced, relevantly so, Bronfenbrenner&rsquo
s social-ecological model of human development, so to multiply and deepen the meanings embedded within the data. The merging of this external frame, provided by Bronfenbrenner&rsquo
s model, and the rich data provided by the six (6) informants, uncovered critical themes in understanding the risk and protective factors at play within Manenberg. These themes relate to the historical identity of Manenberg, given the history of Apartheid, the role of the local community and its perceived tolerance of the practice of drug use, which is further echoed in the identity of the family and its limited ability to support drug users in the face of ever-growing poverty. The themes also uncovered the bipolarity in the practice of drug trade and gangsterism as serving a subsistence function, at one level, and an exploitative function at another. Furthermore, the study solidified traditional views that the peer collective is, indeed, a critical actor on the stage of drug use and that the individual (as an actor) continues to be confronted by a script of poverty and disillusionment. This script, as will be illustrated, is also active in preconceived notions of gender stratification.

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Held, Jonathan Robert. "Substance abuse and anxiety: Implications for drug use among parolees." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/639.

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Balchak, Stefanie Wrae. "The geo-spatial analysis and environmental factors of narcotics hot spots." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2936.

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A mixed methodological approach with two different analytic procedures and multiple data sources was used to examine narcotics hot spots. The first phase compares two methods of hot spots identification; the prediction model and the actual crimes. The second phase involves an intensive study to better understand the phenomenon of drug hot spots areas consistently shown to be repeat hot spots.
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Kwan, Ming-tak Kalwan. "Drugs, peers, gangs, and crime : an interactional model /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19470563.

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Merrall, Elizabeth Lai Chui. "Applications of statistics in criminal justice and associated health issues." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610340.

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Books on the topic "Drug abuse and crime – Macau"

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Lorenzo, Harry C. Drug abuse, crime and home. [S.l: s.n., 2007.

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Craddock, Amy. Fact sheet: Drug-related crime. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1994.

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Craddock, Amy. Fact sheet: Drug-related crime. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1994.

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Craddock, Amy. Fact sheet: Drug-related crime. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1994.

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Craddock, Amy. Fact sheet: Drug-related crime. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1994.

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Craddock, Amy. Fact sheet: Drug-related crime. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1994.

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Craddock, Amy. Fact sheet: Drug-related crime. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1994.

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Craddock, Amy. Fact sheet: Drug-related crime. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1994.

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9

ill, Raymond Larry, ed. Drugs and crime. Frederick, Md: Twenty-First Century Books, 1991.

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10

The library of drug abuse and crime. Farnham: Ashgate, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Drug abuse and crime – Macau"

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Grinols, Earl L. "Problem Gambling, Mental Health, Alcohol and Drug Abuse: Effects on Crime." In Dual Markets, 321–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65361-7_20.

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Sarnecki, Jerzy. "Self-Reported and Recorded Data on Drug Abuse and Delinquency on 287 Men in Stockholm." In Cross-National Research in Self-Reported Crime and Delinquency, 107–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1001-0_6.

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Lawton, Brian A., Ralph B. Taylor, and Anthony J. Luongo. "Police Officers on Drug Corners in Philadelphia, Drug Crime, and Violent Crime: Intended, Diffusion, and Displacement Impacts." In Drug Abuse: Prevention and Treatment, 63–87. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315257341-5.

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Kury, Helmut, Joachim Obergfell-Fuchs, and Theodore Ferdinand. "The Background of Illegal Drug Abuse: a German View." In Drugs and Crime Deviant Pathways, 197–218. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315257334-11.

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Gottfredson, Denise C., Brook W. Kearley, and Shawn D. Bushway. "Substance Use, Drug Treatment, and Crime: An Examination of Intra-Individual Variation in a Drug Court Population." In Drug Abuse: Prevention and Treatment, 359–88. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315257341-24.

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HORWITZ, BETTY. "The Role of the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission:." In Drug Trafficking, Organized Crime, and Violence in the Americas Today, 369–94. University Press of Florida, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvx06wbh.25.

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Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. "Issues over Wine Drinking (Shurb)." In Crime and Punishment in Islamic Law, 157–65. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190910648.003.0010.

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An issue is raised at the outset whether shurb is a ḥudūd crime or a taʿzīr offence. Another issue concerns the quantum of punishment and also the constituent elements of this offence, such as the actual extent of intoxication and whether intention is also a requirement. The chapter also discusses the position of other intoxicants, including narcotics and drug abuse.
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Lawental, Eli. "Substance Abusing New Immigrants from the States of the former Soviet Union as a Challenge to the Drug Abuse Treatment System in Israel: A Pilot Study." In Migration, Culture Conflict and Crime, 289–96. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315202358-18.

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Giannouli, Vaitsa. "Crime and Legal Issues among Intellectually Disabled Individuals." In Handbook of Research on Diagnosing, Treating, and Managing Intellectual Disabilities, 346–69. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0089-6.ch018.

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Intellectual Disability (ID) can be caused by a variety of factors, which may lead to a variety of signs and symptoms. Individuals with ID are living in societies where during the past decade there is a steady increase in the amount of research focused on civil law, criminal law and mental health. In this chapter, there will be a theoretical presentation of the research on ID regarding criminal law and the different forms of aggressive behavior such as sexual violence, homicide, theft, arson and alcohol-drug abuse. There will be information on research regarding civil law and the most common problems for individuals with ID, such as financial capacity and capacity for medical consent. Finally, there will be a section for the most important issues regarding the trial and conviction for individuals with ID and a presentation of a recent research on attitudes toward ID and legal issues. The above will be examined through the prism of current neuropsychological data, while cross-cultural restrictions will be discussed.
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Flores, Jerry. "Trouble in the Home, and First Contact with the Criminal Justice System." In Caught Up. University of California Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520284876.003.0002.

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In this chapter, I draw on feminist criminology and research on gender and crime to demonstrate how abuse and neglect in the home led the young women in my study to their first contact with the criminal justice system. I pay attention to how home instability is shaped by gendered, racialized, and class-specific challenges. First, I discuss the multiple types of abuse girls experience in the home. This mistreatment led the young women in my study to begin dating at an early age; this new behavior resulted in more abuse at the hands of family members, who viewed their behavior as inappropriate and a violation of “proper” behavior for young Latinas. As this abuse continued, most of the young women in my study began using controlled substances. Soon, they ran away from home. Once on the street, they experienced a new set of challenges, which included finding housing, staying safe, and avoiding physical and sexual abuse. By this point their initial drug use had usually turned into full-blown drug addiction. Drug use and abuse were key factors contributing to first girls’ arrest.
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Reports on the topic "Drug abuse and crime – Macau"

1

Dave, Dhaval, Monica Deza, and Brady Horn. Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs, Opioid Abuse, and Crime. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24975.

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Norsworthy, Sarah, Rebecca Shute, Crystal M. Daye, and Paige Presler-Jur. National Institute of Justice’s Forensic Technology Center of Excellence 2019 National Opioid and Emerging Drug Threats Policy and Practice Forum. Edited by Jeri D. Ropero-Miller and Hope Smiley-McDonald. RTI Press, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.cp.0011.2007.

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The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) and its Forensic Technology Center of Excellence (FTCoE) hosted the National Opioid and Emerging Drug Threats Policy and Practice Forum on July 18–19, 2019, in Washington, DC. The forum explored ways in which government agencies and programs, law enforcement officials, forensic laboratory personnel, medical examiners and coroners, researchers, and other experts can cooperate to respond to problems associated with drug abuse and misuse. Panelists from these stakeholder groups discussed ways to address concerns such as rapidly expanding crime laboratory caseloads; workforce shortages and resiliency programs; analytical challenges associated with fentanyl analogs and drug mixtures; laboratory quality control; surveillance systems to inform response; and policy related to stakeholder, research, and resource constraints. The NIJ Policy and Practice Forum built off the momentum of previous stakeholder meetings convened by NIJ and other agencies to discuss the consequences of this national epidemic, including the impact it has had on public safety, public health, and the criminal justice response. The forum discussed topics at a policy level and addressed best practices used across the forensic community.
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