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Journal articles on the topic 'Drug addiction'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Zaika, Vitalii, and Roman Sharavara. "THE INFLUENCE OF DISHARMONOUS CHILD-PARENT RELATIONSHIPS ON THE EMERGENCE OF ADDICTIVE TENDENCIES IN ADOLESCENT AGE AS A SOCIAL PROBLEM." Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod University. Series: «Pedagogy. Social Work», no. 1(52) (June 1, 2023): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2524-0609.2023.52.50-54.

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The article highlights the current issue of peculiarities of emergence of addictive tendencies in adolescence based on child-parent relations in the family. On the basis of psychodiagnostic methods, it was found that various forms of inadequate upbringing in the family (high demandingness of parents, high strictness of parents, high control in relation to the child, emotional distance of parents, denial of the child by parents, lack of cooperation between parents and child, disagreement between the child and by parents, parental inconsistency, parental authority) lead to a predisposition to ce

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2

Alexander, Bruce K. "The Empirical and Theoretical Bases for an Adaptive Model of Addiction." Journal of Drug Issues 20, no. 1 (1990): 37–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269002000103.

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There is substantial scientific support for an adaptive model of addiction. Research reviewed in this article supports the adaptive model's assertions that failure of psychosocial integration precedes addiction; that addiction serves a number of adaptive functions; that addictive behavior is not “out of control”; that drug use generally fits the predictions of coping theory; that addictions are often transitory; that the “lessor evil” assumption of the adaptive model is compatible with current theory; that addictions are often interchangeable; and that the term “adaptive” is defined precisely

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3

Sun, Jingchun, Liang-Chin Huang, Hua Xu, and Zhongming Zhao. "Network-Assisted Prediction of Potential Drugs for Addiction." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/258784.

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Drug addiction is a chronic and complex brain disease, adding much burden on the community. Though numerous efforts have been made to identify the effective treatment, it is necessary to find more novel therapeutics for this complex disease. As network pharmacology has become a promising approach for drug repurposing, we proposed to apply the approach to drug addiction, which might provide new clues for the development of effective addiction treatment drugs. We first extracted 44 addictive drugs from the NIDA and their targets from DrugBank. Then, we constructed two networks: an addictive drug

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Daniguelo, Antonio. "Preliminary Analysis of the Effectiveness of Handing Criminal Acts by Children Under the Age." Journal La Sociale 2, no. 3 (2021): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37899/journal-la-sociale.v2i3.387.

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The issue of drug addiction and illegal trafficking continues to plague nations across the globe. Between 153 and 300 million individuals, or 3.4 to 6.6 percent of the world's drug abusers aged 15 to 64 years, having used drugs at least once a year, with almost 12% (15.5 to 38.6 million people) of users being heavy addicts. Initially created for medicinal reasons (therapy), opioids became a political target for those seeking profit by introducing harmful addictive chemicals. Addition of hazardous addictive drugs may precipitate a person's hallucinations and addictions, wreaking havoc on the ne

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Griffiths, Mark. "The biopsychosocial approach to addiction." Psyke & Logos 26, no. 1 (2005): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/pl.v26i1.8200.

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For many people the concept of addiction involves taking of drugs. Therefore it is perhaps unsurprising that most official definitions concentrate on drug ingestion. Despite such definitions, there is now a growing movement that views a number of behaviours as potentially addictive including many behaviours which do not involve the ingestion of a drug such as gambling, sex, exercise, videogame playing and Internet use. This paper argues that all addictions consist of a number of distinct common components (salience, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict and relapse) and that there

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Heyman, Gene M. "Resolving the contradictions of addiction." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19, no. 4 (1996): 561–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00042990.

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AbstractResearch findings on addiction are contradictory. According to biographical records and widely used diagnostic manuals, addicts use drugs compulsively, meaning that drug use is out of control and independent of its aversive consequences. This account is supported by studies that show significant heritabilities for alcoholism and other addictions and by laboratory experiments in which repeated administration of addictive drugs caused changes in neural substrates associated with reward. Epidemiological and experimental data, however, show that the consequences of drug consumption can sig

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Collins, Allan C. "The Nature of Addictive Diseases." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 4, no. 6 (1991): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089719009100400602.

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Drug addiction and addictions to foods, sex, gambling, exercise, and many other things are widespread in modern societies. Addiction or dependence are terms used to describe persistent psychoactive drug use, but these terms also can be applied to other forms of repetitive behaviors. Many of these repetitive behaviors are regulated by specific regions of the brain that are influenced by drugs. Consequently, drug addiction may involve effects on systems that are involved in regulating forms of addiction that are necessary for the maintenance of life. Addictions also seem to be regulated by genet

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8

Zimny, Eva. "Monoamine Neurotransmitters and Drug Addiction." Science Insights 42, no. 3 (2023): 837–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15354/si.23.re216.

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Drug addiction is a chronic, relapsing brain disease. Various addictive drugs act on the reward circuit and eventually cause changes in the release of neurotransmitters, resulting in a rewarding effect. Among them, the monoamine neurotransmitters 5-hydroxytryptamine, norepinephrine and dopamine play an essential role in drug addiction. The role and mechanism of monoamine neurotransmitters in drug addiction are reviewed and discussed.

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Fariña, Francisca, Juan Romero, Manuel Isorna, and Ramón Arce. "Profiling and Prevalence of Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders and Behavioural Addictions in Incarcerated Traffic Offenders." Sustainability 15, no. 12 (2023): 9771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15129771.

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A field study was designed to determine if traffic offenders were characterised by substance-related and addictive disorders and behavioural addictions, and to examine their prevalence in this population. A total of 268 regular drivers (weekly or daily use) participated in the study; 132 incarcerated traffic offenders and 136 drivers with no criminal background. Subsamples were matched in age, sex, and time elapsed since their driving test. Participants responded to a measure of impulse control and addictions. The results revealed a more-than-problematic effect regarding drug addiction, alcoho

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Moreno-Flórez, Daniel. "The Preponderance of Psychic Elements in Drug Addiction." Psychoanalytic Review 107, no. 5 (2020): 473–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/prev.2020.107.5.473.

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The clinical perspective used to understand a patient with an addiction affects the course of treatment and the possibilities for recovery. Positivist and pharmacological models have become popular in the treatment of addictions. These models claim that addiction is primarily a pharmacological occurrence and privilege the biochemical effects of specific substances over the intrapsychic conflict of the patient in order to justify the phenomenology of addiction. Although psychoanalytic approaches have been previously used to treat addictive patients, they have frequently been considered unsuitab

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Kammoun, M. F., A. Anastasiu, T. Dumoulin, and J. L. Garrigou. "Hypnosis and Addictions: A Two Cases Report." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71286-6.

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The addiction's problems are more and more frequent at the psychaitric's consultation. Alcoholism and drug-addiction are the two types of addictions most frequently found.The bases of addiction's therapy are the weaning of the product, and the consolidation of weaning or the avoidance of the relapses.the results remain however very heterogeneous and sometimes disappointing. the usual therapies seem little adapted to the dynamics of addictive pathology, and the rechuttes are increasingly frequent, in the same way the risk of replacement of a symptom by another is not excluded.Can hypnosis help

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Yang, Zhaolin. "Opioid-Induced Neuroplasticity: Insights from Animal Models." Communications in Humanities Research 40, no. 1 (2024): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/40/20242277.

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Synaptic plasticity is defined as the modification of the transmission of synapses. It has been proven to be strongly associated with learning. Thus, drug-evoked synaptic plasticity in brain reward circuits can establish persistent learning of addictive drugs, reflecting the neural basis underlying addiction. The mesolimbic dopamine pathway has been widely indicated to be strongly associated with opioid use disorder (OUD) and other drug addictions. The paper focuses on discussing the drug-evoked neural plasticity underlying two important stages called intoxication and withdrawal which are crit

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Ucha, Marcos, David Roura-Martínez, Emilio Ambrosio, and Alejandro Higuera-Matas. "The role of the mTOR pathway in models of drug-induced reward and the behavioural constituents of addiction." Journal of Psychopharmacology 34, no. 11 (2020): 1176–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881120944159.

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Background: Exposure to drugs of abuse induces neuroadaptations in critical nodes of the so-called reward systems that are thought to mediate the transition from controlled drug use to the compulsive drug-seeking that characterizes addictive disorders. These neural adaptations are likely to require protein synthesis, which is regulated, among others, by the mechanistic target of the rapamycin kinase (mTOR) signalling cascade. Methods: We have performed a narrative review of the literature available in PubMed about the involvement of the mTOR pathway in drug-reward and addiction-related phenome

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Corner, Tessa, Emily Arden-Close, and John McAlaney. "Wellbeing in Addiction Recovery: Does It Differ across Addictions?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 14 (2023): 6375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20146375.

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Limited research has been conducted on the experiences of individuals in long-term recovery from addiction, and addictions are usually studied in isolation. However, no theories of addiction differentiate between addictions or assume that individuals will experience only one addiction. This study aimed to compare affect between individuals with addictions to drugs and alcohol and to explore how QoL changes in long-term recovery from addiction. Individuals in recovery from addiction (n = 115; 52.2% male) were recruited via snowball sampling on social media signposted by an addiction rehabilitat

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Davidson, Majid, Niloufar Rashidi, Md Kamal Hossain, Ali Raza, Kulmira Nurgali, and Vasso Apostolopoulos. "Tryptophan and Substance Abuse: Mechanisms and Impact." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3 (2023): 2737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032737.

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Addiction, the continuous misuse of addictive material, causes long-term dysfunction in the neurological system. It substantially affects the control strength of reward, memory, and motivation. Addictive substances (alcohol, marijuana, caffeine, heroin, methamphetamine (METH), and nicotine) are highly active central nervous stimulants. Addiction leads to severe health issues, including cardiovascular diseases, serious infections, and pulmonary/dental diseases. Drug dependence may result in unfavorable cognitive impairments that can continue during abstinence and negatively influence recovery p

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Peele, Stanton. "The Pleasure Principle in Addiction." Journal of Drug Issues 15, no. 2 (1985): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268501500203.

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Both lay people and addiction theorists often explain drug abuse and addiction in terms of the pleasure the addict derives from a drug. This “pleasure principle” model does not succeed in explaining either the initiation or continuation of drug abuse or other compulsive, self-destructive behavior. Examinations of the rewards addicts report from addiction to drugs and to other involvements point instead toward a desire to modify experience by making it less burdensome or painful. Implications for how addicts become able eventually to dismiss addictive rewards are discussed.

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Sultan, Naveed, Shabana Noureen, and Anam Saher. "Prevalence of Co-Occurring Physical and Mental Health Problems in People with Drug Addiction in Pakistan." Journal of Professional & Applied Psychology 4, no. 3 (2023): 478–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.52053/jpap.v4i3.176.

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Drug addiction is a relapsing, chronic disorder in which drug abusing and compulsive drug-seeking behaviors are prevalent. The objective of the research was to explore the prevalence of different types of drug addictions along with co-occurring physical and mental health problems. Since 2021, a team of Happy Life Psychological Services (HLPS), Pakistan has dealt with 6000 triages and 156 admissions. The sample of the study was 156 participants with drug addiction collected from February 2021 to January 2023. The outcome of the study reflected that male have higher number of drug addiction (78.

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Hoes, MJAJM. "Alcoholism and drug addictions." European Psychiatry 12, no. 2 (1997): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(97)89649-6.

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SummaryIn this symposium the nature, epidemiology and extent of psychiatric disorders comorbid with addictions, especially alcoholism, was exposed. Internationally reknown authors from several European countries highlight the diversity and complexity of this problem in particular for depression, anxiety and suicide. The conclusion is that every psychiatrist should be well acquainted with addiction disorders and that no addiction center be allowed to refuse treatment to patients with a psychiatric comorbid disorder. Comorbidity of schizophrenia with addictions should be a future focus of resear

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Uchio, Masami. "Is Addiction being Memorized?" Science Insights 42, no. 3 (2023): 833–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15354/si.23.ps032.

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Addiction study has switched to the realm of modern neuroscience, with the most recent and cutting-edge studies focusing on the behaviors that contribute to addiction. Addiction memory is a series of specific plastic changes at the synaptic level caused by long-term drug stimulation through gene transcription and expression. Based on clinical observations, addictive memory is viewed as a dysregulation of independent acquisition associated with the integration of choice lines in the “feedback loop” and “comparative system” of the hippocampus during neural information processing. Two meanings of

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Yan, Y., and E. Gutkevich. "Differences in addictive beliefs in people with psychostimulant addiction and in opioid addicts." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (2022): S818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2117.

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Introduction Today, a number of researchers consider the problem of addictive behavior as one of the most global problems for Kazakhstan and Russia. Some scientists consider CBT to be the most effective way to work with addictions. In our country there are no scientific works devoted to the study of addictive beliefs, so we decided to conduct such a study Objectives The Objective of the study was to identify the characteristic addictive beliefs of drug addicts with different type of addiction: opioids and synthetic cathinones (designer drugs called “salts”, “bath salts”) Methods Questionnaire

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Pustovaya, A., Y. Yan, and E. Gutkevich. "Features of addictive beliefs with different types of addictions." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (2022): S813—S814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2105.

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Introduction Today, a number of researchers consider the problem of addictive behavior as one of the most global problems for Kazakhstan and Russia. Some scientists consider CBT to be the most effective way to work with addictions. In our country there are no scientific works devoted to the study of addictive beliefs, so we decided to conduct such a study. Objectives The Objective of the study was to identify the characteristic addictive beliefs of drug addicts with different type of addiction: opioids and synthetic cathinones (designer drugs called “salts”, “bath salts”). Methods Questionnair

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Sustkova-Fiserova, Magdalena, Chrysostomos Charalambous, Anna Khryakova, Alina Certilina, Marek Lapka, and Romana Šlamberová. "The Role of Ghrelin/GHS-R1A Signaling in Nonalcohol Drug Addictions." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 2 (2022): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020761.

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Drug addiction causes constant serious health, social, and economic burden within the human society. The current drug dependence pharmacotherapies, particularly relapse prevention, remain limited, unsatisfactory, unreliable for opioids and tobacco, and even symptomatic for stimulants and cannabinoids, thus, new more effective treatment strategies are researched. The antagonism of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor type A (GHS-R1A) has been recently proposed as a novel alcohol addiction treatment strategy, and it has been intensively studied in experimental models of other addictive drugs

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Banovac, Milić. "Illegal drugs, addiction and intoxication." Arhiv za pravne i drustvene nauke 119, no. 4 (2024): 151–67. https://doi.org/10.5937/adpn2404149b.

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This paper is primarily based on three situations in which drugs, intoxication and addiction are manifesting in mutual connection. First situation refers to drug abuse of a perpetrator with reduced comprehensibility, caused by temporary mental illness. The other two situations include criminal act perpetrated by addictive and intoxicated persons, addictive in second and intoxicated in third. To examinate this theme, the author had to use appropriate legal and psychiatric literature. First part of work is describing human basic needs and drugs, addiction and their correlation with drugs, while

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Amiri, Mohammad, Ahmad Khosravi, Reza Chaman, Zakieh Sadeghi, Elham Sadeghi, and Mehdi Raei. "Addiction Potential and its Correlates Among Medical Students." Open Public Health Journal 14, no. 1 (2021): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874944502114010032.

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Background:Drug dependency can be seen in all occupations, educational levels, and socioeconomic classes, and it is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine the addiction potential status and its correlates among medical students.Methods:In 2019, a total of 500 students were selected randomly from Shahroud University of Medical Sciences and asked to complete Addiction Potential Scale and Attitude to Addiction Questionnaires. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Chi-square, t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression m

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Shazzad, Md Nahiduzzamane, Syed Jamil Abdal, Muhammad Shoaib Momen Majumder, Jahangir ul Alam Sohel, Syed Mohammad Monowar Ali, and Shamim Ahmed. "Drug Addiction in Bangladesh and its Effect." Medicine Today 25, no. 2 (2014): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v25i2.17927.

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Drug addiction and drug abuse, chronic or habitual use of any chemical substance to alter states of body or mind for other than medically warranted purposes. Addiction is more often now defined by the continuing, compulsive nature of the drug use despite physical and/or psychological harm to the user and society and includes both licit and illicit drugs, and the term "substance abuse" is now frequently used because of the broad range of substances (including alcohol and inhalants) that can fit the addictive profile. Psychological dependence is the subjective feeling that the user needs the dru

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Krupelnytska, Liudmyla, and Anton Zagumenov. "TENDENCY TO ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS AND ITS LINK WITH LIFE-PURPOSE ORIENTATIONS AND PERSONAL TRAITS." PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNAL 7, no. 6 (2021): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/1.2021.7.6.7.

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The online study involved 48 people. The study was conducted using three methods: Method for diagnostics on tendency to 13 types of addiction (G. Lozova, 2007); Five-factor personality questionnaire (adaptation by A. Khromov, 2000); Purpose-in-Life Test (adaptation by D. Leontiev, 2000). The offer to participate in the study was distributed on the Internet using the Telegram-messenger. Among the subjects were 32 women and 16 men aged 15 to 30 years. 89.7% of respondents are persons aged 19 to 21 years. It was found that 10.4% of respondents have a high level, 68.7% of respondents have average

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Bartsalkina, V. V., O. O. Moiseev, E. V. Tretyak, and E. V. Hromysheva. "Rehabilitation Potential of Socio-psychological Support for Families with Alcohol or Drug Addiction Problems." Психологическая наука и образование 27, no. 6 (2022): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/pse.2022270611.

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<p>The rehabilitation potential of socio-psychological maintenance for families with problems of chemical addictions is proposed here to be considered as a resource for overcoming real addictions. The relevance of this study is due to actual need for developing a basic approach &ndash; the strong scientific evidence-based substantiation of the organization of psychological assistance to concrete family with problems of alcohol and/or drug addiction ones. The simultaneous existence of such problem of addictive behavior and personality deformation under global influence of psychoactive

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Peele, Stanton. "A Moral Vision of Addiction: How People's Values Determine Whether They Become and Remain Addicts." Journal of Drug Issues 17, no. 2 (1987): 187–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268701700205.

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Contemporary theories of addiction of all stripes rule out faulty values as a cause of addiction. Yet evidence from cross-cultural, ethnic, and social-class research, laboratory study of addictive behavior, and natural history and field investigations of addiction indicate the importance of value orientations in the development and expression of addictive behaviors, including drug and alcohol addiction, smoking, and compulsive eating. Furthermore, the rejection of moral considerations in addiction deprives us of our most powerful weapons against addiction and contributes to our current addicti

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Bocharova, Inna Anatolevna, Vadim Agadzhanov, and Vadim Sagalaev. "Drug addiction. Drugs and their effects on man." Vestnik Volgogradskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta. Serija 11. Estestvennye nauki, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu11.2013.2.3.

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Bozarth, Michael A. "New perspectives on cocaine addiction: recent findings from animal research." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 67, no. 9 (1989): 1158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y89-185.

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Research with laboratory animals has provided several insights into the nature of cocaine abuse and addiction. First, the nature of drug addiction has been reevaluated and the emphasis has shifted from physical dependence to compulsive drug-taking behavior. Second, animal studies suggest that cocaine is at least as addictive as heroin and possibly even more addictive. Third, cocaine is potentially more dangerous than heroin as evidenced by the higher fatality rate seen in laboratory animals given unlimited access to these drugs. Fourth, the neural basis of cocaine reinforcement has been identi

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Lama, Anmol. "The Striking Effects of Substance Abuse on the Socio-Cultural Life in Darjeeling Hills." International Journal of Research and Review 12, no. 6 (2025): 270–82. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20250632.

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Social and cultural groups utilize alcohol and narcotics, ranging from recreational to spiritual, medicinal to ritual. There are many factors linked with drug addiction, such as family, environment, finances, etc., and social and cultural aspects are also among those factors. However, the substance that individuals consume for the sake of culture may cause addiction, harming a person's health and social life. The data for this qualitative study was collected using a Case study Guide as a tool and a Case study as a technique, using in-depth interviews to study the social and cultural factors re

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Szymonik, Julia, Justyna Woźniak, Sebastian Szopa, Karol Womperski, and Jagoda Elias. "Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) for addiction control – review." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 55 (January 30, 2024): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.55.012.

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Abstract Introduction: Addiction is a complex phenomenon whose development may be related to many factors. Its treatment often includes behavioral therapy, social support, and in the case of substance addictions, may also include drug therapy. A key element of therapy is understanding the causes and mechanisms of addiction and developing the ability to cope with temptations and difficulties. In this particular context the utilization of mindfulness practices demonstrates promising potential in aiding the management of addiction. Purpose: Provide an overview of the current understan

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Li, Du, and Xiaorui Ma. "Effects and Withdrawal of Drug Addiction." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 8 (February 7, 2023): 1454–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v8i.4502.

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Drug addiction is very common among people. Thousands of people are now suffering from cocaine addiction. Nicotine addiction may be one of the most common in the world, but many people underestimate the health hazards of nicotine. This report, presents nicotine in four parts: harms and addiction; research; conclusions, and further implications. Because nicotine is not like most banned drugs on the market-nicotine cannot be absorbed directly, people must be exposed to nicotine through a certain medium. The most common and intuitive way is through smoking, secondhand smoke, and e-cigarettes. How

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Müller, Christian P., and Gunter Schumann. "Drugs as instruments: A new framework for non-addictive psychoactive drug use." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 34, no. 6 (2011): 293–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x11000057.

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AbstractMost people who are regular consumers of psychoactive drugs are not drug addicts, nor will they ever become addicts. In neurobiological theories, non-addictive drug consumption is acknowledged only as a “necessary” prerequisite for addiction, but not as a stable and widespread behavior in its own right. This target article proposes a new neurobiological framework theory for non-addictive psychoactive drug consumption, introducing the concept of “drug instrumentalization.” Psychoactive drugs are consumed for their effects on mental states. Humans are able to learn that mental states can

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Annisa Nadaa Shabrina, M. Afdal, and Siti Monalisa. "Comparison Of K-Means, K-Medoids, and Fuzzy C-Means Algorithms for Clustering Drug User’s Addiction Levels." Jurnal Sistem Cerdas 6, no. 2 (2023): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37396/jsc.v6i2.313.

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Narcotics, psychotropics, and addictive substances are drugs that can activate brain systems, affect dopamine levels, and cause addiction. In Indonesia, there is a law requiring drug addicts to receive treatment and care. To properly treat a drug addict, it is first necessary to determine the level of addiction. Data mining methods such as clustering can be used to assess a user's level of drug addiction. This study uses the clustering algorithms Fuzzy C-means, K-Medoids, and K-means. The performance of the three clustering algorithms will then be evaluated based on the average similarity of c

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Esmail, Mustafa Elsaied, Majed Diaa Mosly, Abdulaziz Abdullah Alghamdi, et al. "Substance abuse, drug addiction and the role of primary health care amid the COVID-19 pandemic." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 12 (2021): 6175. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20214623.

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The definition of substance abuse is the use of certain types of drugs such as alcohol, cannabis, hash, cocaine and others that have serious side effects and clinical complications. There is a significant difference between substance abuse and the term addiction. The significant difference between substance abuse and addiction is that drug addiction or substance addiction is classified as a chronic disease controlling the physical and mental ability of the individual to unpleasant force to use specific drugs such as cocaine or else. The literature has a positive correlation between the COVID-1

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Griffiths, Mark D. "Non-addictive psychoactive drug use: Implications for behavioral addiction." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 34, no. 6 (2011): 315–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x11000720.

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AbstractThe newly proposed framework for non-addictive psychoactive substances postulated by Müller & Schumann (M&S) provides an interesting and plausible explanation for non-addictive drug use. However, with specific reference to the relevant behavioral addiction literature, this commentary argues that the model may unexpectedly hold utility not only for non-addictive use of drugs, but also for non-addictive use of other potentially addictive behaviors.

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Camí, Jordi, and Magí Farré. "Drug Addiction." New England Journal of Medicine 349, no. 10 (2003): 975–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmra023160.

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Gabiani, A. A. "Drug Addiction." Soviet Review 29, no. 2 (1988): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/rss1061-1428290270.

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Helweg, H. "DRUG ADDICTION." Acta Medica Scandinavica 142, S266 (2009): 507–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1952.tb13401.x.

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Koob, George. "Drug Addiction." Neurobiology of Disease 7, no. 5 (2000): 543–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/nbdi.2000.0351.

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Nguyen, Trung Hai, and Phuong Anh Nguyen. "The Problem of Drug Addiction in Vietnam – Implication for the Role of Social Support Workers." International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 05, no. 05 (2022): 1429–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6516698.

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<strong>ABSTRACT: </strong>In Vietnam, addiction treatment has made significant progress in recent years, with a variety of addiction treatment models that are applied based on evidence and effective practices around the world. However, according to a report of the Drug Prevention and Control Agency, Ministry of Public Security, the problem of drug addiction is still quite complicated. Drug addicts are being rejuvenated and addictive substances are also very diverse. Drug addicts today face many problems that require comprehensive medical, psychological, and social support interventions to cha

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Kumar, Praveen, Manish Rajak, and Jai Kumar Singh. "A REVIEW ON TOBACCO ADDICTION AND ITS MANAGEMENT: AN AYURVEDIC APPROACH." International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy 12, no. 5 (2021): 70–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1205148.

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Addiction is a very common habitual psychological or physiological disorder in this modern era. It is a condition of dependence on any substances or drugs. It harms human beings along with its social consequence. Sudden withdrawal of addicted drugs produces different types of psychosomatic disorders. Addiction is not only about drug addiction or alcohol addiction or substance addiction. In the Ayurvedic view, overuse of any aspect and every aspect is considered an addiction. Addictions influence the physical, emotional and psychological behaviour of an individual with a wrong effect. Tobacco a

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Mishra, Sudha, and G. Srinivasan. "Is addiction to love a real addiction?" Indian Journal of health sexuality and Culture 7, no. 1 (2021): 92–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5151945.

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Abstract Love addiction is a controversial and highly debated condition and, even today, not recognized by DSM-5 as a specific diagnosis, although there is enough literature to support its characterization as an addictive disorder. Love addiction, also called pathological love, can be defined as a pattern of behavior characterized by a maladaptive, pervasive, and excessive interest towards one or more romantic partners, resulting in lack of control, renounce of other interests, and other negative consequences. This focused review uses the evidence from recent studies to compare the neural alte

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Kholmatov, Jasurbek Abdikhoshimovich Prateek Kumar Singh Sultanov Sardor Allayarovich. "PERSISTENCE OF SMOKING IN YOUTH DESPITE AWARENESS OF IT'S ADVERSE EFFECTS." INTERNATIONAL BULLETIN OF MEDICAL SCIENCES AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 3, no. 5 (2023): 199–207. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7956588.

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Smoking is highly addictive. Nicotine is the drug primarily responsible for a person’s addiction to tobacco products, including cigarettes. The addiction to cigarettes and other tobacco products that nicotine causes is similar to the addiction produced by using drugs such as heroin and cocaine. Cigarette smoking is one of the leading causes of death. This article is targeted at discovering the prevalence of smoking despite numerous awareness campaigns and laws of its contraindications.

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Qureshi, N. A., Y. S. Al Ghamdy, and T. A. Al Habeeb. "Drug addiction: a general review of new concepts and future challenges." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 6, no. 4 (2000): 723–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/2000.6.4.723.

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Relevant papers published in peer reviewed journals in the past 2 decades were identified and screened to abstract pertinent information. Substance dependence/addiction, involving both a common brain reward mechanism and longer-lasting molecular and cellular changes, is a preventable chronic, relapsing brain disease and as such a public health problem. Physical and psychological dependence, characterized by withdrawal syndrome, are now given less weight compared with compulsive behaviour and uncontrolled use of drugs in the comprehension of addiction. The challenging components of drug addicti

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Prud'homme, Mélissa, Romulus Cata, and Didier Jutras-Aswad. "Cannabidiol as an Intervention for Addictive Behaviors: A Systematic Review of the Evidence." Substance Abuse: Research and Treatment 9 (January 2015): SART.S25081. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/sart.s25081.

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Drug addiction is a chronically relapsing disorder characterized by the compulsive desire to use drugs and a loss of control over consumption. Cannabidiol (CBD), the second most abundant component of cannabis, is thought to modulate various neuronal circuits involved in drug addiction. The goal of this systematic review is to summarize the available preclinical and clinical data on the impact of CBD on addictive behaviors. MEDLINE and PubMed were searched for English and French language articles published before 2015. In all, 14 studies were found, 9 of which were conducted on animals and the

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Siegel, Shepard. "Drug Tolerance, Drug Addiction, and Drug Anticipation." Current Directions in Psychological Science 14, no. 6 (2005): 296–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00384.x.

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Environmental cues associated with drugs often elicit withdrawal symptoms and relapse to drug use. Such cues also modulate drug tolerance. The contribution of drug-associated stimuli to withdrawal and tolerance is emphasized in a Pavlovian-conditioning analysis of drug administration. Conditional responses occur in the presence of cues that have been associated with the drug in the past, such as the setting in which the drug was taken. These conditional responses mediate the expression of tolerance and withdrawal symptoms. Recently, it has become apparent that internal predrug cues, as well as

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Dr, Satish Kumar. "Addiction- A curse." Addiction- A curse 9, no. 1 (2024): 311–15. https://doi.org/10.36993/ RJOE.2024.9.1.315.

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Drug Addiction, a very crucial and controversial topic for all the teenagers of our country. Not for today’s teenagers but for all of us, drug abuse has become one of the largest problems in society which affects us in our daily lives. It ruins families and destroys mutual relationships. Drug addiction can be defined as a chronic, relapsing disease resulting from the prolonged effects of drugs on the human brain. In fact, it is only in the beginning of the 21st century, that we have started seeing “the drug- addict” as someone suffering from

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Njeru, Margaret. "The Neuroscience, Neurobiology of Alcohol and Drug Addiction: A Discussion." International Journal of Psychology 8, no. 4 (2023): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijp.2222.

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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to discuss the neuroscience and neurobiology of alcohol and drug addiction. The study of neuroscience and neurobiology of alcohol and drug addiction will help to understand the relationship between addiction and brain functioning. Methodology: The study utilized a systematic review of literature to study alcohol and drug addiction by identifying parts of the human brain responsible for addiction, stages of addiction, elements of addiction, and effects of different drugs on the brain. The main theories of addiction guiding the research were the Incent

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