Dissertations / Theses: 'Drug courier'

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Egelström, Sandra, and Agnes Levander. "Turning points for criminality and drug addiction : Real life stories." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för samhällsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-31963.

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Since the effects caused by drugs and criminality puts a strain on society's resources it is important to find ways of preventing individuals from starting these behaviours and to find out how people who already developed them, are able to desist from them. The processes that cause life to take positive or negative turns are very complex and hard to understand. The best way of exploring these processes were by asking the people who have experienced them to explain their perception of them. If recurring factors between these processes could be found, it could be of great meaning for the development of new treatment methods. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine if there were recurring factors in the individual negative and positive turning point processes of people recovering from criminality and substance abuse, by analysing the participants own life stories. A narrative approach was chosen and the sample consisted of members from the local KRIS organization, who all had a history of criminal behaviour and drug addiction. The data collection was conducted through narrative interview method and a holistic-content method was used in the analysis together with an application of the Age-graded theory of informal social control on the results. The study found that there were different sorts of connections between the processes, but that these were individually formed after each person's own life-course. The negative turning point processes showed more similarities between the participants than the positive turning point processes. The conclusion was that attachments to family and the social context one chooses to be a part of, were recurring factors which had important effects on both the negative and the positive turning point process. Informal social control through attachments to society and family seemed to affect criminality and the use of drugs in general.

2017-06-01

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Chopera, Denis Rutendo. "Exploring the trends in prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance in South Africa over the course of the HIV epidemic." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6699.

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Magister Public Health - MPH
Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) was rolled out in South Africa in the public sector in 2004 and the treatment coverage has increased over the years to 56% in 2016. The increased treatment coverage has the potential to increase the level of HIV drug resistance. Drug resistance presents a major challenge to the management of HIV infection through antiretroviral therapy at the population level. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the public sector antiretroviral therapy rollout on the prevalence of HIV drug resistance in South Africa and the factors associated with drug resistance. Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study was used to determine the prevalence of drug resistance before and after ART rollout. The study population was HIV infected South Africans (infected between 1996 and 2011) who were not on antiretroviral therapy. The study sample was therapy naïve HIV infected South Africans who participated in published studies conducted between 1996 and 2011. HIV DNA sequences and associated data (participants’ age, gender, geographic location and estimated year of HIV infection) were accessed through the Los Alamos HIV Database. The database contains all HIV DNA sequences and associated data from all published studies and the data was freely accessible. A descriptive analysis was carried out on the data to determine characteristics of the study sample. Drug resistance mutations were detected using Calibrated Population Resistance Program on the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance database. The output from the Calibrated Population Resistance Program analysis were used to determine the prevalence of drug resistance mutations. Results: There were 1701 DNA sequences obtained from the Los Alamos HIV Database for the three gene regions targeted by ART (reverse transcriptase, protease and integrase). Of these, 604 (35,5%) were for reverse transcriptase, 794 (46,7%) were for protease and 303 (17,8%) were for integrase. There was overrepresentation of DNA sequences from female participants (91%). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of drug resistance mutations between 1996-2004 (before ART rollout) and 2005-2011 (after ART rollout) in all the drug classes. There was also no association between drug resistance and age as well as gender. Conclusion: The data from this study suggest that the public sector rollout of ART did not result in an increase in the prevalence of drug resistance mutations in therapy naïve HIVinfected South Africans. There is need for further studies, which have a wider coverage of the South African population.

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Masri, David N. "A Correlational Analysis of Secondary Data for Factors Influencing Graduation from Adult Drug Court." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4456.

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The proliferation of drug courts throughout the world over the last two decades presents an opportunity and a challenge. The drug court approach involves a combination of treatment and judicial supervision which is a diversion from incarceration and/or ‘traditional’ criminal justice supervision. Despite widespread study of drug courts, there is much that researchers still do not know and there is still controversy as to how and why drug courts work. This research study is an examination of secondary data from an urban, mid-Atlantic drug court to attempt to correlate factors that contribute to success (as defined by graduation) in drug court. This study examines drug courts using Life Course Theory, Social Capital Theory and Recovery Capital Theory as a theoretical foundation for understanding the influences of drug courts on participants. Findings from the Discriminant Function Analysis employed in this study demonstrate low to moderate ability to predict drug court graduation and program attrition based on a combination of demographic information and drug court program requirements. Among the factors found to contribute to drug court success were participants having children, their employment status, 30-day abstinence, age, and race. Additional implications for social workers practicing in drug courts are discussed as well as suggestions for future research directions in the study of drug courts.

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Williams, Lisa J. "A life course perspective on drug use from adolescence to adulthood : onset, continuity, turning points and desistance." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516327.

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Ferrelli, Erica Jean. "A New Low in Getting High: Illegal Drug Use and Crime." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1123.

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The current research analyzed the relationship between methamphetamine use, cocaine use and marijuana use within the last 12 months and crime committed within the last 12 months. Crime is defined as drug sales, property and violent crime. The research design is a quantitative approach which uses secondary data analysis of the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health (Add Health) to provide evidence toward the research question; does illegal drug use increase the risk of committing a crime?The public access, 2008 Wave III data results of this nationally representative sample of adolescents in grades 7 through 12 in the US in the 1994-95 school year was used for analysis. Methamphetamine use was associated with an increased risk of committing all crime, only until cocaine use was controlled for. Once cocaine use was controlled for, methamphetamine use became non-significant. Cocaine use and marijuana use were significant and associated with an increased use of committing a crime.

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Bruner, Natalie R. "Discriminative-stimulus and time-course effects of kava-kava (Piper methysticum) in rats." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5602.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 37 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 33-34).

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Törneke, Karolina. "Pharmacological aspects of adrenoceptor drugs in the horse /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5431-X.pdf.

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Salinas, Edwards Michael Antonio. "Men at work : an ethnography of drug markets and youth transitions in times of austerity." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/men-at-work-an-ethnography-of-drug-markets-and-youth-transitions-in-times-of-austerity(62a34da2-7e2d-4911-afae-0b336993da8e).html.

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Based on six-years ethnographic research, this thesis provides an in-depth account of a contemporary British drug market. The study follows a group of twenty-five friends, termed The Lads, during their transition from late-adolescence (16-22) through to early adulthood (22-28). This was a critical stage in their life course; it was a time when many had begun advancing into the world of work and business entrepreneurship, in search of their chosen career. Yet it was during this time that two key developments occurred: bulk volumes of illicit drugs became available to The Lads through credit and the UK experienced several years of economic recession and stagnation. The economic constraints The Lads encountered during this time prompted many to become involved in the trafficking of illegal drugs. Though their entry into the markets was not necessarily motivated out of absolute need or poverty, the experience of low-paying salaries, the loss of work and income, and the inability to secure legitimate investment capital, all made drug dealing an alluring source of untaxed revenue, available as and when needed. This study assesses the practices of this cohort of closed-market drug dealers, who capitalised on their expansive social networks as a means of trafficking a variety of illegal substances at the time of these two developments. During the course of the research their involvement came to span several stages of the supply chain, including: mid-level wholesale brokerage, import/export, wholesale, and retail (i.e. to the end-users). The study addresses various structural elements of their trade, including drug purchasing and selling, the assessment and mitigation of risks in relation to law enforcement, and the use of informal credit (i.e. ‘fronting’) as one of the principle facilitating factors of The Lads’ various trade networks. A variety of data collection methods were employed over many years to garner a depth of understanding and appreciation difficult to achieve in the study of active offenders. The data comprises of life narratives, observations, interview data and economic data. The findings offer some new insight into: the kinds of people who deal drugs; what characteristics they share; how they function as traders; what motivates them to either enter or exit the trade, and what social structures influence their offending careers?These young men were not the archetypal drug dealer: they were neither predatory nor territorial. They were ambitious and hard working. Drug dealing was simply a shortcut to the lifestyle they aspired to; it was a source of capital; a means of funding their studies; a ‘means to an end’. To these young men, drug dealing was just another form of work: a bad job that paid a good salary.

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Li, Mengyao. "USING SEMIPHYSIOLOGICALLY-BASED PHARMACOKINETIC (SEMI-PBPK) MODELING TO EXPLORE THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE INTRAVENOUS (IV) AND ORAL (PO) ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION ON THE MAGNITUDE AND TIME COURSE OF CYP3A-MEDIATED METABOLIC DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS (DDI) USING MIDAZOLAM (MDZ) AS PROTOTYPICAL SUBSTRATE AND FLUCONAZOLE (FLZ) AND ERYTHROMYCIN (ERY) AS PROTOTYPICAL INHIBITORS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4402.

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The purpose of the project was to investigate the impact of IV and PO routes difference for MDZ, a prototypical CYP3A substrate, and two CYP3A inhibitors (CYP3AI) -FLZ and ERY-, on the magnitude and time course of their inhibitory metabolic DDI. Individual semi-PBPK models for MDZ, FLZ and ERY were developed and validated separately, using pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters from clinical/in-vitro studies and published physiological parameters. Subsequently, DDI sub-models between MDZ and CYP3AIs incorporated non-competitive and mechanism-based inhibition (MBI) for FLZ and ERY, respectively, on hepatic and gut wall (GW) CYP3A metabolism of MDZ, using available in-vitro/in-vivo information. Model-simulated MDZ PK profiles were compared with observed data from available clinical PK and DDI studies, by visual predictive check and exposure metrics comparison. DDI magnitude and time course for CYP3AI (IV vs. PO) followed by MDZ (IV vs. PO) at various time points were predicted by the validated semi-PBPK-DDI models. Two hypothetical CYP3A substrates and four CYP3AI (derived from MDZ, FLZ and ERY, with GW metabolism removed, hepatic metabolism reduced, or oral bioavailability (Foral) and/or elimination half-life (t1/2) modified) were also simulated to generalize conclusions. The final semi-PBPK-DDI models predict well the PK profiles for IV/PO MDZ in absence/presence of IV/PO CYP3AI, with deviations between model-predicted and observed exposure metrics within 30%. Prospective simulations demonstrate that: 1) CYP3A substrates, e.g., MDZ, are consistently more sensitive to metabolic inhibition after PO than after IV administration, due to pre-systemic hepatic and/or GW metabolism. For substrates without GW metabolism and limited hepatic metabolism, only a marginal route difference for substrate administration is observed. 2) For high-Foral CYP3AIs, e.g., FLZ, no inhibitor IV-PO route DDI differences are expected, unless they are given simultaneously with PO MDZ. 3) For low-Foral CYP3AIs, e.g., ERY, greater inhibition is expected after IV than after PO administration for IV MDZ, but is difficult to predict for PO MDZ. 4) In addition to Foral and plasma t1/2 of CYP3AIs, the DDI onset, peak and duration are determined by their oral absorption rate and by the resulting hepatic and/or GW concentration profiles relative to Ki for noncompetitive CYP3AIs, but by CYP3A kinetics (synthesis, degradation rate) for MBI CYP3AIs.

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Brewer, Kristen Lee. "Teaching Stress, Sex, Drugs, and Drinking: A Qualitative Study Among Undergraduates Regarding Introductory Personal Health Course Topics." OpenSIUC, 2021. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1914.

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This dissertation investigated relevant issues among undergraduate students at two institutions and how these issues could be incorporated into an introductory personal health course. By illustrating how these issues can attract student attention, relevancy, confidence, and satisfaction, educators can make these introductory personal health courses more responsive, thereby increasing student motivation to learn. This study used a qualitative research design. Focus groups and interviews were conducted in order to gain insight into issues students felt were relevant to their lives, their satisfaction with their personal health course, and how these courses could be updated in terms of content and delivery. The ARCS Model of Motivation was used as a theoretical framework for development of questions as well as to organize emergent themes. This model has been shown to increase student motivation to learn, and the current study aimed to expand this to include health courses, which could lead to an increase in adopting healthier or risk-reductive behaviors. After five focus groups and two interviews, data saturation was met, and analysis was conducted. Findings indicate a strong desire among undergraduate students for a larger focus of content to include mental health issues (e.g., stress, time management, pressure, and healthy coping mechanisms), physical health issues, and harm reductive issues surrounding the areas of sexual health and alcohol and substance use. Additionally, students reported better recall and a preference for active learning over a more didactic method of instruction. By understanding relevant issues facing college students and incorporating those within an introductory personal health course, educators can enhance the responsiveness of these courses by illustrating relevancy of topics and teaching students how they can confidently learn to adopt healthy behaviors and practice harm reduction. This is particularly useful among undergraduate students as they are in a time of transition and emerging adulthood and are willing to learn and establish new patterns of behaviors. If educators can balance what they as experts want students to know and what students say are relevant to their lives and what they want to know, these introductory personal health courses could be an effective tool for increasing overall health and wellness of students.

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Byrne, Robert A. [Verfasser], Adnan [Akademischer Betreuer] Kastrati, Steffen [Akademischer Betreuer] Massberg, and Kieran [Akademischer Betreuer] Daly. "Coronary Restenosis and Arterial Healing Following Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation – Time Course, Angiographic Metrics and Impact of Modifications in Polymer and Drug Coatings / Robert Byrne. Gutachter: Steffen Massberg ; Adnan Kastrati ; Kieran Daly. Betreuer: Adnan Kastrati." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1016742010/34.

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Nepolo, Ester Ndahekelekwa. "Effects of treatment compliance on treatment outcomes for pulmonary tuberculosis patients on Directly Observed Treatment-short Course in Windhoek District, Namibia." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4908.

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Magister Public Health - MPH
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major health problem worldwide, with an estimated 9 million new cases accounting for an estimated 1.5 million deaths in 2012. Non-compliance with TB treatment has become a major barrier to achieving global TB control targets. Namibia is one of the worst affected countries in Africa with a high case notification rate (CNR) of all forms of TB and relatively low treatment success rate compared to the WHO targets. The study aimed at investigating TB treatment compliance and measuring its association to patient characteristics and treatment outcomes, in determining the effects of compliance on treatment outcomes in Windhoek District. This information is crucial for TB programme management and development of targeted strategies. A quantitative observational analytic study using a retrospective cohort design was adopted. New adult Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) patients treated under DOTS in Windhoek District between 1st January 2013 and 31st December 2013 were included in the study based on specified criteria. Data was collected from the patients TB treatment cards using an extraction tool. Selection and information bias was eliminated by using clearly defined inclusion and exclusion criteria using a pre-tested standardised tool. Statistical analysis using descriptive and analytic statistics was done using Epi Info 7 to determine compliance, treatment outcomes and to measure the associations. Overall treatment compliance (89%), initial phase compliance (97.2%) and continuation phase compliance (88.1%) were reported in the study. Age (OR=4.3 95% CI (1.72 – 9.90), p-value=<0.01) and type of area (OR=0.02 95% CI (1.00 – 1.13), p-value=0.05) were associated with compliance in the continuation phase. Overall, type of area (OR=0.03 95% CI (0.00 – 0.91), p-value=0.04) remains associated with treatment compliance. Treatment success is reported among 86.1% of patients. Poor treatment outcomes are associated with non-compliance in the initial phase ( =49.98, p-value=<0.01), continuation phase ( =98.81, p-value=<0.01) and overall ( =110.02, p-value=<0.01). Overall treatment compliance (89%) although higher than expected was lower than the WHO recommended 90% compliance. Very high compliance (97.2%) were reported in the initial phase of treatment whilst compliance was also lower than desired (88.1%) in the continuation phase. Non-compliance recorded in the continuation phase is in agreement with the literature. Age and type of area are associated with compliance as reported in the continuation phase and overall in this study is new contribution of knowledge. The findings suggest that treatment compliance is associated with treatment success in both phases of treatment and overall. Low compliance especially in the continuation phase could lead to poor treatment outcomes such as prolonged infections, relapse, high TB mortality and drug resistance leading to increased programme costs. The study concludes that non-compliance results in poor treatment outcomes highlighting the need for interventions that address compliance in all phases but specifically within the continuation phase and amongst those at risk of having reduced compliance such as those in rural areas and young adult patients aged (15 – 34 years). Recommendations to the District Management Team and TB Programme Managers include: identification of measures that promote treatment compliance; support and monitoring of TB patients’ compliance continuously; strengthening CB-DOT by increasing CB-DOT points and enhancing CB-DOT supporters’ capacity as well as strengthening record keeping as a monitoring tool to increase compliance and improve treatment outcomes.

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Brown, Stacy D., Brooks B. Pond, and Kathryn A. Creekmore. "A Case-Based Toxicology Elective Course to Enhance Student Learning in Pharmacotherapy." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe756118.

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Objective. To assess the impact of a case-based toxicology elective course on student learning in related required courses and student performance on the Pharmacy Curriculum Outcomes Assessment (PCOA) examination. Design. A case-based clinical toxicology elective course that contained topics from 2 required courses, Pharmacology III and Pharmacotherapy II, was offered in the spring 2009 to second- and third-year pharmacy students. Assessment. Scores on the Toxicology subsection of the PCOA of students enrolled in the elective were higher than those of students not enrolled (91.3% ± 4.1 vs. 67.2% ± 5.7). Enrollment in the elective was related to increased examination scores among Pharmacotherapy II students (89.5% ± 2.0 vs. 83.9% ± 1.8). Students indicated on course survey instruments that they were satisfied with the new elective offering. Conclusions. A toxicology elective provided a clinically relevant, active-learning experience for pharmacy students that addressed a curricular need within the college and increased examination scores.

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Potts, Donald Joseph. "Development of a curriculum for a 24-hour advanced officer narcotics course." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1323.

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Fox, Danielle Polizzi. "Testing the generalizability of Sampson and Laub's life-course theory examining the relationship between adult social bonds and drug use among an African American sample /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/1461.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.
Thesis research directed by: Criminology and Criminal Justice. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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Empereur-Mot, Charly. "Développement d’outils statistiques d’évaluation de méthodes de criblage virtuel : courbes de prédictivité & Screening Explorer." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CNAM1126/document.

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Les méthodes de criblage virtuel sont largement utilisées dans le processus de conception de médicaments afin de réduire le nombre de composés à tester expérimentalement. Cependant, les résultats obtenus par criblage virtuel ne sont que des prédictions et leur fiabilité n'est pas garantie. L'évaluation de ces méthodes est donc essentielle pour guider le bioinformaticien dans le choix de l'outil et du protocol adaptés dans les conditions de son expérience. Dans une première étude, nous avons développé une nouvelle métrique pour l'analyse des résultats de criblage : la Courbe de Prédictivité. Cette métrique permet une analyse fine de la pertinence des scores d'affinité pour la détection de composés actifs et complète les métriques existantes, permettant une meilleure compréhension des résultats de criblage. Lors de notre projet suivant, nous avons souhaité faciliter ce processus d'analyse en intégrant l'ensemble des métriques de criblage virtuel dans un outil web interactif : Screening Explorer. Une seconde partie de ma thèse a consisté en la recherche de nouveaux inhibiteurs du VIH (Virus de l’Immunodéficience Humaine). L'équipe génomique de notre laboratoire a identifié plusieurs gènes dont l'expression influence le développement du SIDA, révèlant ainsi de potentielles cibles thérapeutiques. Une étude bibliographique a permis d'identifier plusieurs composés inhibiteurs de ces cibles. La société Peptinov, associée à notre laboratoire, va prochainement estimer le potentiel thérapeutique de ces composés dans des essais in vitro (i) d'infection par le VIH, (ii) de prolifération virale et (iii) de réactivation virale
Virtual screening methods are widely used in drug discovery processes in order to reduce the number of compounds to test experimentally. However, virtual screening results are only predictions and their reliability is not guaranteed. Evaluating these methods is crucial to guide the bioinformatician in the choice of the right tool and protocol according to the conditions of his experiment. In a first study, we developed a new metric to analyze the results of virtual screening: the Predictiveness Curve. This metric allows to finely analyze the relevance of binding scores for the detection of active compounds and complete existing metrics, allowing a better comprehension of screening results. In a following project, we facilitated the analysis process by integrating all of the virtuel screening metrics in an interactive tool: Screening Explorer. The second part of my thesis consisted in the research of novel HIV inhibitors. The genomic team of our laboratory identified several genes whose expression influence the development of AIDS, therefore revealing potential therapeutic targets. A bibliographic study allowed to identify compounds that can inhibit those targets. The company Peptinov, associated to our laboratory, is currently estimating the therapeutic potential of the compounds in vitro in assays of (i) HIV infection, (ii) viral proliferation and (iii) viral reactivation

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Hagemeier, Nicholas E., and Leonard B. Cross. "Financial Literacy Showcase – ETSU Gatton College of Pharmacy Personal Finance for Future Pharmacists Course." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1436.

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This session will feature the best financial literacy solutions in higher education, straight from the mouths of the college administrators who have implemented the programs! By the end of this presentation, you will be an expert in the various solutions that are available, as well as having a good idea of what will work best for your institution. In this session, you will find out: (1) How the college decided on its financial literacy program, (2) How each school is integrating the resources, (3) What practices have been the most successful.

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Garcia, Eduardo da Silva. "Narrativas da bagaceira: um estudo sobre consumo de drogas e transição para a vida adulta." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8134/tde-19022014-122806/.

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O tema dessa pesquisa é o consumo de substâncias psicoativas em contextos urbanos. O trabalho de campo foi realizado em situações de lazer e sociabilidade de três redes de amigos, que se cruzam em alguns pontos. Essas pessoas são provenientes da classe média, residem na cidade de São Paulo, a maior parte delas possui formação superior, todas estão inseridas no mercado de trabalho e suas idades variam entre 27 e 35 anos. Com base nas entrevistas e na observação participante dos encontros em que os psicoativos eram consumidos, o objetivo é apresentar as mudanças e as continuidades no modo como a rede de psicoativos é mobilizada e problematizada ao longo das carreiras dessas pessoas como consumidoras de drogas (Becker, 1973) as quais correspondem, em média, aos últimos dez anos de suas vidas. O material é analisado a partir da noção de curso da vida, mais especificamente, no caso, de transição para a vida adulta, com as quais olhamos para as categorias de loucura e estragação, que são utilizadas para descrever os efeitos dos psicoativos sobre os corpos. Nesse sentido, atenta-se para o modo como a atuação dessas substâncias nos corpos e nas redes de amizade possibilita a elaboração e a regulação de normas referentes à idade, o que, neste contexto, articula-se à elaboração do estilo que aqui denomino bagaceira; essas normas se articulam também a outros marcadores da diferença como classe, gênero e sexualidade e, ainda, a ideais sobre laços de parentesco, de amizade e de conjugalidade. Em poucas palavras, a hipótese com que trabalho é que, por meio dessas práticas e de suas narrativas, essas pessoas se apresentam umas perante as outras, delimitam laços sociais e refletem sobre eles.
The theme of this research is the consumption of psychoactive substances in urban contexts. The field work was conducted during situations of leisure and sociability of a network of friends, that interconnect with one another in some points. They are middle class people and inhabit the city of São Paulo, most of them have higher education qualifications, all of them are inserted in the labor market and their age range between 27 and 35 years. Based on interviews and participant observation in meetings in which psychoactive drugs were consumed, the goal is to present the changes and continuities in the way the network of psychoactive substances is mobilized and channeled along the careers of these people as drug users (Becker, 1973) - which correspond, on average, to the last ten years of their lives. The data is analyzed based on the notion of the course of life, more specifically, in the case, of transition to adulthood, through which we look at the categories of loucura and estragação, which are used to describe the effects of psychoactive drugs on bodies. Accordingly, we describe how these substances act upon bodies and friendship networks enabling the development and regulation of standards regarding age, which, in this context, articulates to the development of the style here named bagaceira; these norms are also articulated to other markers of difference such as class, gender and sexuality, and also to the ideals of kinship, friendship, and conjugal ties. In short my hypotheses is that through these practices and their narratives these people present themselves to one another, draw social bonds and reflect about themselves.

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Peña, Aparicio Quim. "Novel Cu(II) complexes bearing N,O-donor heteroaromatic ligands as potential anticancer drugs. A redox-active metallic core." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669575.

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Durant els darrers 30 anys, Ru, Ir, Pd, Fe o Cu han emergit com a alternatives prometedores en substitució als fàrmacs que contenien platí, que presentaven importants efectes secundaris. Especialment a la darrera dècada, els complexos de coure han despertat interès com a agents terapèutics. El coure és un metall essencial, present en moltes de les proteïnes del nostre cos, jugant un paper crucial en els processos bioquímics que es porten a terme. Concretament, dos aspectes han fet del coure un metall d’interès de cara a la teràpia contra el càncer: el fet de ser un metall endogen -fet que hauria de comportar menys efectes secundaris que un d’exogen com el platí- i el seu parell redox Cu(II)/Cu(I) -que s’ha descrit capaç de generar espècies reactives d’oxigen (EROs). Aquestes EROs poden danyar l’ADN i causar la mort cel·lular. A més, el fet que les cèl·lules canceroses tinguin un nivell d’EROs superior a les cèl·lules sanes apareix com una possibilitat per tal d’aconseguir una teràpia més selectiva. La primera part de la tesi es basa en la síntesi, caracterització i l’estudi de l’activitat biològica d’un complex de Cu(II) dinuclear que conté un lligand N,O-donador (L), especialment dissenyat per a promoure una ràpida conversió Cu(II)/Cu(I). Els assajos biològics en cultius cel·lulars mostren una alta producció d’EROs en línies cel·lulars HeLa, i que el complex té més toxicitat en cèl·lules canceroses que en sanes. En aquesta primera part, les interaccions amb ADN i proteïnes també s’han avaluat. A partir d’aquest punt de partida, el lligand L s’ha funcionalitzat amb grups halogenats per tal de modular el potencial redox del parell Cu(II)/Cu(I). La presència de grups electroatraients pretén facilitar la reducció del Cu(II) a Cu(I). De totes maneres, els complexos corresponents mostren certs problemes de solubilitat. En aquest sentit, la segona part de la tesi es centra en la derivatització del lligand L per tal de millorar la seva solubilitat i biodisponibilitat. Per això, s’aborden dues estratègies principals. La primera es basa a derivatitzar el lligand amb grups sulfonat i arginina, mantenint el mateix entorn de coordinació al voltant del coure. La segona estratègia es centra essencialment en millorar la internalització cel·lular, per tal d’incrementar la toxicitat del corresponent complex, amb la funcionalització del lligand amb pèptids rics en arginina, d’alta capacitat penetrant. Finalment, la darrera part d’aquest treball obre la porta a l’ús d’una plataforma dendrítica multimodal com a futur sistema de transport de fàrmacs. S’ha estudiat la seva capacitat de coordinació de coure i la seva potencialitat com a plataforma d’administració de fàrmacs. A partir d’aquí, també s’ha aconseguit ancorar la plataforma al lligand L, i procedir a la seva complexació com a prova de concepte d’aquest sistema de cara a futures teràpies dirigides.
Depuis une trentaine d’années, le Ru, l’Ir, le Pd, le Fe ou le Cu sont apparus comme des alternatives prometteuses pour remplacer les médicaments contenant du platine, et qui ont montré des effets secondaires importants. En particulier au cours des dix dernières années, les complexes de cuivre ont suscité l’intérêt en tant qu’agents thérapeutiques. Le cuivre est un métal essentiel, présent dans de nombreuses protéines de notre corps et joue un rôle crucial dans les processus biochimiques. Plus précisément, deux aspects ont fait du Cu un métal d’intérêt pour le traitement du cancer : le fait qu’il s’agisse d’un métal endogène, et qui devrait par conséquent avoir moins d’effets secondaires que les complexes de métaux exogènes comme le platine ; et le couple redox Cu(II)/Cu(I) rapporté comme pouvant générer des espèces réactives de l’oxygène (EROs). Ces EROs peuvent endommager l’ADN et provoquer la mort cellulaire. Ce fait apparaît comme une possibilité de traitement sélectif. La première partie de la thèse est basée sur la synthèse, la caractérisation et l’étude de l’activité biologique d’un complexe dinucléaire de Cu(II) contenant un ligand N,O-donneur (L), spécialement conçu pour promouvoir une conversion rapide Cu(II)/Cu(I). Les tests en culture cellulaire montrent une forte production d’EROs dans les lignées de cellules HeLa et montrent aussi que le complexe a plus de toxicité au sein des cellules cancéreuses que dans les cellules saines. Dans cette première partie, les interactions avec l’ADN et les protéines ont été également évaluées. À partir de ce point de départ, le ligand L a été fonctionnalisé avec des groupes halogénés afin de moduler le potentiel rédox du couple Cu(II)/Cu(I). La présence de groupes attracteur d’éléctrons vise à faciliter la réduction de Cu(II) en Cu(I). Cependant, tous les complexes correspondants présentent certains problèmes de solubilité. En ce sens, la deuxième partie de la thèse porte sur la dérivatisation du ligand L afin d’améliorer sa solubilité et sa biodisponibilité. deux stratégies principales sont alors abordées : La première est basée sur la fonctionnalisation du ligand avec des groupes sulfonate et arginine, en maintenant le même environnement de coordination autour du cuivre. La deuxième stratégie vise essentiellement à améliorer l’internalisation cellulaire, afin d’augmenter la toxicité du complexe correspondant, avec la dérivatisation du ligand avec des peptides riches en arginine (rapportés pour avoir une haute capacité de pénétration intra cellulaire). Enfin, la dernière partie de ce travail ouvre la porte à l’utilisation d’une plateforme dendritique multimodale pour être utilisé comme futur système d’administration de médicaments. Sa capacité de coordination du cuivre et son potentiel en tant que plateforme d’administration de médicaments ont été étudiés. À partir de là, on a été également capable d’ancrer la plateforme dans le ligand L et de procéder à sa complexation avec cuivre, comme preuve de concept de ce système pour son utilisation dans de futures thérapies dirigées.
During the last 30 years, Ru, Ir, Pd, Fe or Cu have appeared as promising alternatives to overcome the drawbacks encountered with Pt anticancer compounds. Beyond all of them, and mainly during the last decade, Cu complexes have awakened strong interest as therapeutic agents. Two features make Cu attractive to be used in chemotherapy: its nature as an endogenous metal —which may imply fewer side effects than other exogenous metals- and its Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox pair —which can promote reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The production of ROS is not only reported to cause cellular damage, but also to offer a putative discrimination between healthy and non-healthy cells. On the first part of this thesis work, we report the synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of a dimeric Cu(II) complex bearing a N,O-donor salphen-like ligand ((E)-N-(2-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)phenyl)acetamide, L1) specifically designed to promote a fast Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox interconversion. In vitro assays outline the high potentiality of the complex to undergo ROS generation inside HeLa cells, and that it shows higher cytotoxicity in cancer than in normal cell lines. Besides, its interactions with some proteins have also been tested, showing that the formed protein-complex adducts do not represent any loss of biological activity respect to the complex itself. From this promising starting point, the Cu(II) complex of L1 ([Cu(L1)]2) serves as the backbone for the synthesis of two -chloro and -bromo analogs. The presence of electrowithdrawing groups intend to tune the redox behavior of the corresponding Cu(II) complexes, and concomitantly, their ROS generation capabilities. However, one of the main drawbacks faced with these two halogen-derived complexes was their poor solubility and bioavailability. Therefore, several functionalization strategies have been explored to overcome it. The first strategy aimed at increasing the solubility while maintaining the same Cu(II) coordination environment, i.e., the high redox activity observed for the initial [Cu(L1)]2 complex. In light of this, a sulfonate group and an Arginine residue have been selected based on their pKa and biological relevance. Secondly, and in order to enhance the delivery of the complex and the candidacy as future anticancer drug, specific improvement on the cellular uptake -ergo, on the cytotoxicity- has been attained by derivatizing [Cu(L1)]2 with two specific Arginine-rich Cell-Penetrating Peptides. Finally, the last part of our work opens the gate to the use of a versatile multimodal dendritic platform as a promising drug carrier. Its potentiality in drug delivery and its copper coordination capabilities have been thoroughly demonstrated. The conjugation approach of the [Cu(L1)]2 complex to the platform is also reported as a proof-of-concept of the versatility of this system for future tailor-made anticancer targeted therapies.

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Santos, Joana Labrincha Costa dos. "Correios de droga detidos em Portugal: trajetórias de vida e significados do crime Universidade." Doctoral thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5121.

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Tese apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciências Sociais, especialidade em Psicologia
A presente tese versa sobre as trajetórias de vida de homens detidos em Portugal que se constituíram como correios de droga no narcotráfico, procurando compreender em particular os significados que os mesmos atribuem ao crime nessas trajetórias. A literatura tem evidenciado o número crescente de correios de droga, justificando-se a realização de estudos empíricos para compreensão desta problemática. A nível teórico partimos de abordagens acerca das trajetórias de vida e envolvimento no crime em geral, para nos determos em particular sobre as trajetórias de vida de correios de droga. Foi desenvolvido um estudo qualitativo, que permitiu aceder às narrativas dos reclusos sobre o modo como o narcotráfico surge nas suas trajetórias de vida. Os dados foram recolhidos através da realização de entrevistas qualitativas aprofundadas a 24 correios de droga recluídos num estabelecimento prisional do Norte do país, a partir do guião de entrevista Trajetórias de vida de correios de droga, adaptado de um guião proposto de Matos, Machado, Barbosa e Salgueiro (2010). Posteriormente, as entrevistas foram transcritas e analisadas sob os pressupostos da grounded analysis, com recurso ao programa informático Nvivo10. A análise dos dados evidenciou, antes de mais, que estes homens iniciaram o crime de forma tardia, já na idade adulta. Evidenciou ainda a existência de três grupos que se distinguem pelos percursos de vida e significados atribuídos ao narcotráfico: dois grupos de homens que se constituíram como “mulas” e um terceiro grupo de reclusos que entraram no narcotráfico como self-employed. Relativamente aos self-employed, percebemos que se trata de homens que tendem a encarar o crime como um negócio, tendo interesses comerciais elevados e viajando com frequência. Quanto aos homens identificados como “mulas”, para alguns o envolvimento no narcotráfico esteve associado a pressão económica ou coação. A vulnerabilidade está presente no caso destes reclusos, sendo que tal vulnerabilidade está associada à vitimação decorrente do seu envolvimento no narcotráfico. A motivação esteve, nestes casos, associada à necessidade de satisfação e/ou proteção das famílias. Para outros reclusos que se constituíram como “mulas”, as motivações associaram-se sobretudo à intenção de melhorar o seu estilo de vida, não tendo sofrido vitimação no seu envolvimento no crime. Concluímos, por isso, que a designação “mulas” não pode ser assumida como categoria única e que o estatuto de “mulas” do narcotráfico não está inevitavelmente associado a vitimação.
The present theses verses on the life trajectories of men detained in Portugal, whom have become drug couriers in narcotraffic, seeking to understand the meaning these men attribute to crime throughout those trajectories. Literature has put to evidence the crescent number of drug couriers, justifying the empirical studies on this issue’s comprehension. On a theoretical level we set off by overviewing life trajectories and involvement with crime in general, in order to detain ourselves with drug smuggling trajectories. A qualitative study was undertaken to access the detainees’ narratives about how narcotraffic arises in their life trajectories. The data was collected through in-depth qualitative interviews to 24 drug couriers detained at a prison in the North of the country, from the interview script Trajetórias de vida de correios de droga, adapted from the proposed script by Matos, Machado, Barbosa e Salgueiro (2010). Subsequently, the interviews were copied and analyzed according to grounded analysis, with the use of Nvivo10 informatics program. The data analysis showed, above all, that these men entered into crime at later stages in their lives, as adults. Furthermore, it put into evidence the existence of three groups that distinguish themselves by their life courses and meanings they attribute to narcotraffic: two groups of men we identify as “mules” and a third group of detainees that undertake crime as self-employed. Regarding the self-employed we understood they tend to face crime as a business, with high commercial interest and frequent travels. Concerning the men identified as “mules”, for some the involvement in narcotraffic was associated to economic pressure or coercion. The vulnerability is present in these detainees’ case, associated to the victimization resulting of their involvement in narcotraffic. Motivation was, in these cases, associated with the need to satisfy and/or protect their families. For other detainees considered “mules” the motivations associated mainly to the intent to improve their life style, not having suffered victimization in their involvement in crime. Therefore, we conclude that the designation “mules” cannot assume one unique category and that the status “mule” in narcotraffic is not inevitably associated with victimization.

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Popa, Michelle. "An Examination of Awareness of Over-the-Counter Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Adverse Events." ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1143.

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The elderly population is among the fastest growing populations in the United States. Finding and consuming medications safely and effectively are challenging endeavors for this population. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a widely consumed class of medications among the elderly population, with 70% of individuals consuming over-the-counter (OTC) NSAIDs once a week and 34% using them daily. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine whether (a) patients are aware of the risks associated with the consumption of NSAIDs, and (b) there are differences in awareness based upon specific demographic characteristics and levels of patient-physician communication. The health belief model (HBM) was used to interpret the results. The HBM is a social cognition framework that takes into account different perceptions, namely, perceived susceptibility of acquiring a health condition, perceived severity of the condition and its consequences, perceived barriers to engaging in the recommended behavior, perceived benefits of engaging in the recommended behavior, and perceived costs of engaging in the recommended behavior. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data. The results, which were based upon a cross-sectional survey of 124 participants, showed that the participants' awareness of adverse events associated with NSAIDs use was not associated with sociodemographic variables, rates of consumption, or patient-physician communication. The findings will give the key stakeholders more insight into the issue of preventable adverse events that might lead to the establishment of more safety programs and informatics structural systems to monitor the consumption of OTC NSAIDs and improve lines of communication to protect the elderly population.

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Pryor, Jason, Piyush Singh, Nilesh Dankhara, Stacy D. Brown, and Darshan Shah. "Correlation of Newborn’s Clinical Course with Cord Blood Levels of Buprenorphine, Methadone, and Their Metabolites." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5277.

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Purpose In recent years, there has been a significant increase in opioid-related drug use among pregnant mothers, specifically Methadone, Subutex (Buprenorphine) and Suboxone (Buprenorphine and Naloxone) resulting in increased neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions for treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Standard tests such as urine, meconium, and cord stat blood samples have not been shown to accurately demonstrate maternal abuse of these medications or predict the clinical course of NAS. This study aims to correlate and compare clinical symptoms of NAS with cord/ placental blood concentrations of Buprenorphine, Methadone and their metabolites. Another goal is to demonstrate the ability to correctly identify maternal abuse and concentrations of these medications. Methods The design was an observational study where cord/placental blood samples were obtained from eligible subjects. In addition to the standard cord stat test done by state, samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to quantify the metabolites of Buprenorphine, Norbuprenorphine and Methadone. Investigators performing the LC-MS/MS were blinded. Infants were treated on attending physician’s discretion according to clinical course. All infants were followed until discharge. Demographics and clinical course, including NICU stay, were recorded. Results A total of 19 mothers were enrolled, out of which, 15 (78.9%) mothers were on Subutex, 2 (10.5%) on Suboxone and 2 (10.5%) on Methadone. Data analysis was performed only on subjects with exposure to Subutex due to low sample size for Suboxone and Methadone subjects. Cord stat performed by the state lab was negative in 33.3% of subjects; however, 100% of the cord blood samples tested by LC-/MSMS were positive. The percentage of neonates transferred to NICU for NAS was 60% of which 67% received replacement therapy. Length of stay in NICU for treatment of NAS did not have any correlation to the concentration of the metabolites in cord blood. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) between duration of NICU stay and Norbuprenorhine concentration was r = -0.07 (p-value = 0.40); Buprenorphine concentration was r = -0.30 (p-value = 0.14); Norbuprenorphine-glucoronate concentration was r = -0.05 (p-value = 0.43); Buprenorphine-glucoronate concentration was r = -0.31 (p-value = 0.13). No correlation was found after adding the concentrations of all the above metabolites with NICU stay r = -0.24 (p-value = 0.19). Conclusion The cord stat result is inferior to cord/placental blood levels of drug metabolites using LC-MS/MS for diagnosing maternal substance abuse in at risk infants. No correlation was found between the concentrations of metabolites and length of stay in NICU or duration of replacement therapy. This study was limited by a small sample size.

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No, Zaesung. "Part one. steric course of the reaction catalyzed by phosphatidylserine decarboxylase from Escherichia coli ; Part two. synthesis of potential anti-AIDS drugs /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148768624381881.

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24

Ölfvingsson, Petter. "A new course or simply discourse? : The security discourse strategies of Felipe Calderón Hinojosa and Enrique Peña Nieto in the Mexican war on drugs." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Latinamerikainstitutet, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-138921.

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Since the beginning of the Mexican war on drugs in late 2006, violence has increased dramatically. By examining six presidential speeches from different years and with an analysis grounded in the work of Norman Fairclough and his Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this thesis analyses the security discourse strategies used by the two Mexican Presidents Felipe Calderón Hinojosa and Enrique Peña Nieto. By studying the parts where they talk about insecurity and organized crime, the study aims to reveal the strategies used and thus contribute not only to more understanding of the Mexican war on drugs but also to a broader discussion of how political discourse can be used in violent contexts. By applying CDA both as theory and method, this thesis concludes that the security discourse used by Calderón differs much from that of his successor, Peña Nieto. Calderón, for example, uses more metaphors and discursive tactics against organized crime. This study also concludes that there are both similarities and differences between the security strategies of the two.

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Reese, Cesha Tiffany. "Family Reunification Among Women in Recovery From Substance Abuse and Complex Trauma." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5257.

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For women in recovery from complex trauma and substance abuse, the lack of posttreatment family reunification services such as family engagement, service delivery, and aftercare planning increase the likelihood of parental relapse and children reentering foster care. A primary caregiver's continued relapse can lead to longer out of home placement for minor children and a loss of parental rights, with a negative impact on both children and parents. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to examine the lived experiences of women in recovery, their sobriety practices, and how they reunified their families. The theoretical framework was Herman's trauma and recovery model. The research question focused on gaining a broader understanding of the complexities of substance abuse recovery among single-parenting women with trauma histories and their efforts to achieve and sustain family reunification. Data were obtained from interviews of 10 participants using an audio recording device and open-ended interview questions. Five themes emerged through analysis using open and axial coding: (a) choosing to remain sober, (b) cultivating and connecting, (c) trust and discovery, (d) trauma histories, and (e) aftercare and maintenance. Results indicated a possible connection between foster care recidivism and outdated aftercare services and practices. Improved aftercare practices could increase sustainability of reunified families and decrease the likelihood of relapse among caregivers in recovery. This study impacts social change by informing policy makers on state and federal levels of the needs of recovering parents and their families.

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Pyle, Edward Iain. "An exploration of how agency and socio-cultural milieu support greater or lesser controlled gambling and recovery from gambling addiction." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/9484.

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Most gamblers never experience addiction and the majority of those who do eventually recover. This thesis investigates how most maintain control over their gambling and how the majority of those who do experience gambling addiction regain control. Findings are based on 25 qualitative semi-structured interviews with participants who fit one of three ideal-type groups: (i) gamblers who have never experienced addiction; (ii) gamblers who have regained control after experience of gambling addiction; and (iii) gamblers experiencing addiction at time of interview. Participants were recruited who had never engaged in formal treatment because existing research suggests most who experience gambling addiction and/or recovery never to do so. This study is underpinned by a synthesis of Bourdieusian theory and Foucauldian-inspired governmentality literature which was used to guide the thesis and help explain gambling behaviour. Taking a Foucauldian genealogical approach, the dominant theory of addiction as a biomedical disorder is critiqued and revealed to be myth. Instead, (gambling) addiction is demonstrated to be a social construction which becomes embodied within individuals and thereby influences gambling behaviour. Consequentially, it is shown that research concerning substance use is applicable to the investigation of gambling behaviours. Given paucity of gambling research, substance-related literature is drawn upon throughout the thesis. Attention is given to research demonstrating regulation over drug use to be influenced by the social settings in which consumption takes place as well as the wider social and cultural milieus in which the lives of actors are embedded. Moreover, particular appreciation is given to literature indicating recovery from addiction to be supported by shifts in socio-cultural milieu. In contrast to most existing addictions/gambling research, the agential capacities of gamblers to shape their own behaviours, albeit in ways heavily constrained by context (or ‘structure’) are emphasised throughout the thesis. Data revealed various gambling-related strategies to help constrain gambling and minimise harm. These are examined and it is recommended that this knowledge could be used to aid development of more effective ‘harm-reduction’ style interventions and policies in ways which support less harmful patterns of gambling behaviour. However, although valuable, those with greater control tended to rely little on such strategies to manage their gambling. Instead, greater control over gambling and recovery from gambling addiction was found to have less to do with how participants gamble (e.g. whether or not they followed harm-reduction strategies) and far more to do with the wider, non-gambling-related, aspects of their lives and the nature of their subjectivities/dispositions. Principally influential were found to be the qualities of interviewees’ socio-cultural milieus. Alongside gambling, those with greater control tended to participate in non-gambling-related communities with attendant ways of thinking and cultural expectations (values/norms) that marginalise (heavier) gambling. Drawing on Bourdieusian and Foucauldian governmentality theory, it is argued that, because of their day-to-day participation in such communities/milieus, those with greater control embody mentalities and expectations which discourage riskier gambling behaviour. This, in turn, results in more ‘prudential’ subjectivities which discourage problematic gambling behaviour. Participants who had experienced recovery and many of those who had never experienced addiction revealed long-term reductions in gambling behaviour. Findings suggested these reductions (as well as recovery) to be supported by social and cultural processes, occurring over the life-course, which encourage increased participation in more ‘conventional’ life/milieus and thereby promote alterations in subjectivities in ways more conducive to control. A dual approach to discouraging problematic gambling behaviour is recommended. Although it is important to promote ‘safer’ ways of gambling (e.g. through promotion of harm-reduction style interventions and by designing gambling environments in ways to support greater constraint), it is also imperative to support the development of lives/milieus and subjectivities more conducive to control (e.g. participation in ‘conventional’ life and access to resources required to do so).

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Kirk, Loren, and Stacy D. Brown. "High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for a Compounded Vancomycin Oral Solution for Application Toward a Beyond-Use Date Determination." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5278.

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Haddad, Tarek [Verfasser], and Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Kümmerer. "The Fate of Antibiotics and Anticancer Drugs in the Aquatic Environment - Evaluating the Photolysis of Ciprofloxacin and Monitoring the Course of its Genotoxicity by a Combination of Experimental and In Silico Testing / Tarek Haddad. Betreuer: Klaus Kümmerer." Lüneburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1102524395/34.

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Pavličík, Petr. "Návrhy asfaltových směsí s využitím vyššího obsahu R-materiálu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226450.

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In the introduction of the Master’s thesis describes for obtaining and processing of reclaimed asphlalt. Major point of the thesis is design of asphalt mixtures with use of higher amount of RAP for asphalt binder course. Asphalt mixtures were designed with contents of 0%, 30%, 50% and 70% of RAP. On each asphalt mixtures were compared parameters set out by functional tests – resistence to permanent deformation and resistence to water.

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Denecker, Thomas. "Bioinformatique et analyse de données multiomiques : principes et applications chez les levures pathogènes Candida glabrata et Candida albicans Functional networks of co-expressed genes to explore iron homeostasis processes in the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata Efficient, quick and easy-to-use DNA replication timing analysis with START-R suite FAIR_Bioinfo: a turnkey training course and protocol for reproducible computational biology Label-free quantitative proteomics in Candida yeast species: technical and biological replicates to assess data reproducibility Rendre ses projets R plus accessibles grâce à Shiny Pixel: a content management platform for quantitative omics data Empowering the detection of ChIP-seq "basic peaks" (bPeaks) in small eukaryotic genomes with a web user-interactive interface A hypothesis-driven approach identifies CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitors as candidate drugs for treatments of adrenocortical carcinomas Characterization of the replication timing program of 6 human model cell lines." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASL010.

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Plusieurs évolutions sont constatées dans la recherche en biologie. Tout d’abord, les études menées reposent souvent sur des approches expérimentales quantitatives. L’analyse et l’interprétation des résultats requièrent l’utilisation de l’informatique et des statistiques. Également, en complément des études centrées sur des objets biologiques isolés, les technologies expérimentales haut débit permettent l’étude des systèmes (caractérisation des composants du système ainsi que des interactions entre ces composants). De très grandes quantités de données sont disponibles dans les bases de données publiques, librement réutilisables pour de nouvelles problématiques. Enfin, les données utiles pour les recherches en biologie sont très hétérogènes (données numériques, de textes, images, séquences biologiques, etc.) et conservées sur des supports d’information également très hétérogènes (papiers ou numériques). Ainsi « l’analyse de données » s’est petit à petit imposée comme une problématique de recherche à part entière et en seulement une dizaine d’années, le domaine de la « Bioinformatique » s’est en conséquence totalement réinventé. Disposer d’une grande quantité de données pour répondre à un questionnement biologique n’est souvent pas le défi principal. La vraie difficulté est la capacité des chercheurs à convertir les données en information, puis en connaissance. Dans ce contexte, plusieurs problématiques de recherche en biologie ont été abordées lors de cette thèse. La première concerne l’étude de l’homéostasie du fer chez la levure pathogène Candida glabrata. La seconde concerne l’étude systématique des modifications post-traductionnelles des protéines chez la levure pathogène Candida albicans. Pour ces deux projets, des données « omiques » ont été exploitées : transcriptomiques et protéomiques. Des outils bioinformatiques et des outils d’analyses ont été implémentés en parallèle conduisant à l’émergence de nouvelles hypothèses de recherche en biologie. Une attention particulière et constante a aussi été portée sur les problématiques de reproductibilité et de partage des résultats avec la communauté scientifique
Biological research is changing. First, studies are often based on quantitative experimental approaches. The analysis and the interpretation of the obtained results thus need computer science and statistics. Also, together with studies focused on isolated biological objects, high throughput experimental technologies allow to capture the functioning of biological systems (identification of components as well as the interactions between them). Very large amounts of data are also available in public databases, freely reusable to solve new open questions. Finally, the data in biological research are heterogeneous (digital data, texts, images, biological sequences, etc.) and stored on multiple supports (paper or digital). Thus, "data analysis" has gradually emerged as a key research issue, and in only ten years, the field of "Bioinformatics" has been significantly changed. Having a large amount of data to answer a biological question is often not the main challenge. The real challenge is the ability of researchers to convert the data into information and then into knowledge. In this context, several biological research projects were addressed in this thesis. The first concerns the study of iron homeostasis in the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata. The second concerns the systematic investigation of post-translational modifications of proteins in the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. In these two projects, omics data were used: transcriptomics and proteomics. Appropriate bioinformatics and analysis tools were developed, leading to the emergence of new research hypotheses. Particular and constant attention has also been paid to the question of data reproducibility and sharing of results with the scientific community

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Barnett, Teneeka M. "Disempowered : the case of the black female drug courier in Ontario judicial and media discourses /." 2005. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR19716.

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Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Interdisciplinary Studies.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 165-175). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1299814341&SrchMode=1&sid=16&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1195573096&clientId=5220

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Van, Heerden Anjelee. "Drug trafficking : the use of South African drug mules in crossborder smuggling." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19039.

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This study was conducted in order to gain a better understanding of the phenomenon of drug trafficking with specific reference as to how South African drug mules are used in crossborder drug smuggling. Through media analysis, semi-structured interviews with drug trafficking experts and a literature study the researcher was able to make findings and recommendations as per the objectives of the study. The objectives of the study included examining how drug mules smuggle drugs across South African borders; what role drug mules play in drug trafficking syndicates and the motivations and reasons why South Africans are increasingly being recruited as drug mules. The researcher also attempted to determine the nature and extent of the drug demand supply in and to South Africa. By making the deduction that drug demand and drug supply are interrelated the researcher was ultimately able to conclude that drug mules will continue to engage in drug smuggling as long as there is a demand for drugs and readily available drug supply routes to and from a county. From the media reports analysed cocaine, methamphetamine and heroin were the drugs most smuggled by South African drug mules. It is also clear from the media reports that cocaine and methamphetamine are smuggled in the largest quantities by South African drug mules. The quantities of heroin found in the possession of South African drug mules were insignificantly small. This contradicts treatment centre data analysed that indicated heroin and methamphetamine users were almost double in numbers in comparison to cocaine users being treated at centres. Most South African drug mules are used to smuggle drugs to the cocaine markets in Europe and South Africa; the cannabis/marijuana (herb) market in Europe; the cannabis (resin) hashish market in Canada and the United States of America; the crystal methamphetamine market in the Far East (largely Japan and Korea) and the heroin market in South Africa. Using criminology theories as a basis, the researcher attempted to describe why people are vulnerable to being recruited as drug mules. Findings concluded that structural factors such as poverty and unemployment and substance abuse-related problems, particularly in marginalised and disadvantaged communities, all contribute to South Africans becoming drug mules. Recommendations by the researcher focused on identifying specific vulnerabilities associated with drug mule recruiting and its consideration in legislation relating to drug trafficking in South Africa. The recommendations focus on the specific prosecution of drug abusers, drug mules, drug distributors and drug mule recruiters. Lastly it is projected by the researcher that the drug demand in South Africa will continue to increase if the drug supply routes and drug smuggling operations by syndicates are not addressed more firmly
Criminology
M.A. (Criminology)

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33

Klein, Lucy Pearl Mpho. "The motives of South African female perpetrators for becoming drug mules." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26507.

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Summary in English, Tswana and Zulu
The researcher aimed to examine female perpetrator motives for becoming drug mules. The aim was accomplished through the use of a qualitative study, case research. Collection of data occurred via semi-structured interviews with seven participants. Purposive sampling was employed to aid with the selection of participants, and thematic analysis used as a means to analyse the data collected. The study found that motivations differed amongst all participants; nonetheless, the primary findings indicate that participants chose to become drug mules mainly due to financial strain. The other themes identified included monetary rewards and the influence of social networking relationships. The most common finding was the involvement of Nigerians in all participants becoming drug mules. Further research, and the need for intensive educational drives in communities and schools regarding drug mules, formed the recommendations derived from the study.
Boikaelelo jwa patlisiso eno ke go tlhatlhoba mabaka a a dirang gore basadi ba ikamaganye le go tsamaisa diokobatsi tse di seng kafa molaong. Boikaelelo jono bo fitlheletswe ka go dirisa patlisiso e e leng kaga boleng,, go dirisiwa boemo jo go ithutiwang ka jone ka ntlha ya gore ke jone bonang le dintlha tse di tlhokegang, tse di maleba mme di re naya dintlha tse di feletseng kaga se go batlisisiwang ka sone. Patlisiso eno e kaga basadi ba le supa bao re kgonneng go batlisisa ka bone. Patlisiso eno e sekaseka kafa batsayakarolo ba tshelang ka gone go ya kafa ba tlhalositseng ka gone,, go akareletsa le tsela eo ba neng ba tshela ka yone fa ba sale bannye le ka moo ba godileng ka gone, ga mmogo le botshelo jwa bone jwa jaanong le ka moo ba tshelang ka gone jaaka batsamaisi ba diokobatsi tse di seng kafa molaong. Patlisiso eno gape e sekaseka le kwa ba tswang teng, seemo sa bone sa loago le ikonomi, ba lelapa ga mmogo le ditsala tse ba ikopanyang le tsone, patlisiso eno e batlisisitse le gore a go na le dilo dipe tse dingwe tse di bakang gore ba tsamaise diokobatsi tse di seng kafa molaong. Go kgobokanya tshedimosetso go dirilwe ka go dira dipotsolotso le batsayakarolo ba supa. Setlhopha se se tlhophiwang se dirisiwa go tlhopha batsayakarolo. Ka ntlha ya gore setlhogo seno ke kaga batsamaisi ba diokobatsi, mokgwa ono o ne o le maleba go tlhatlhoba batsayakarolo ba ba oketsegileng. Mmatlisisi o akanyeditse gore a botsolotse batho ba ka nna lesome, kwa bofelong go ile ga nna le basadi ba ka nna sometlhano ba ba ileng ba kopiwa go tsenela patlisiso eno mme ba le supa ke bone fela ba dumetseng go tsenela patlisiso eno. Go ile ga dirisiwa tlhatlhobo ya thematic e le go tlhatlhoba tshedimosetso e e kgobokantsweng. Le fa gone patlisiso e ne e le ka ga boemo jo go ithutiwang ka jone, tlhatlhobo ya thematic e nnile yone e e thusang thata ka gonne e ne e le bonolo go ka dirisiwa ka ntlha ya gore ke yone eo e nang le dintlha tse dintsi tseo di batlegang. Mabaka a a dirang gore ba tlhophe tiro ya go tsamaisa diokobatsi a ne a sa tshwane go batsayakarolo botlhe le fa go ntse jalo go bonagetse gore lebaka la konokono leo le ba dirang ba tlhophe tiro eno ke ka ntlha ya mathata a madi/maemo a ikonomi a a sa tlhomamang. E re ka mathata a madi le maemo a ikonomi a a sa tlhomama di aname seo se ama motho yo o mo maemo ao fela thata, ke ka moo patlisiso e bontshitsheng gore maemo ao e ka nna a nako e telele kana a nako e e khutshwane. Mathata a tsa madi a nako e e telele a bakwa ke go tlhoka tiro nako e e telele le ditshono tse di tlhaelang tsa go bona tiro ka ntlha ya go sa nne le bokgoni jwa tiro, mme mathata a tsa madi a nako e khutshwane a bakwa ke ditiragalo tse di sa bonelwang pele tseo maemo a tsone a ka baakangwang ka bonako. Patlisiso e ne e bontsha lebaka le lengwe la go bo basadi bano ba dira tiro eno e ne e le ka gonne tiro eno e dira madi ka bonako ga e tshwane le tiro ya nako e e tletseng. Ba bontshitse gore ba tlhotlhelediwa le ke balosika, batho ba ba ratanang le bone ga mmogo le ditsala. Lebaka le lengwe le le kgatlhang le le fitlheletsweng go batsayakarolo botlhe ke go nna le seabe ga Ma-Nigeria mo go direng gore ba tsamaise diokobatsing tse di seng kafa molaong. Patlisiso eno e tlhomamisitse gore Ma-Nigeria ke one a a tshamekang karolo e kgolo mo tirong eno e re ka e le bone badiri ba diokobatsi tseno le gore ke bone ba ba nayang tiro eno ya go tsamaisa diokobatsi. Basadi botlhe ba ba dumetseng go tsenela patlisiso eno ba bontshitse bosupi jwa seno. Go tlile go dirwa patlisiso e e tseneletseng ka ga batsamaisi ba diokobatsi. Go na le tshedimosetso e ntsi malebana le batsamaisi ba diokobatsi, segolobogolo jang mo basading. Ntle le seo, go tshwanetswe ga rutiwa batho mo go tseneletseng kaga batsamaisi ba diokobatsi mo baaging ga mmogo le kwa dikolong, thuto eno e tla lebisediwa thata kwa malapeng, ba ba tlhokomelang malapa ka tsa madi ga mmogo le go ba thusa gore ba kgone go dira ditshwetso tse di siameng.
Injongo yalolu cwaningo ukuhlola izimbangela ezenza abantu besifazane bashushumbise izidakamizwa. Le njongo iye yafezwa ngokusebenzisa uhlobo lokucwaninga lokuhlola ngokucophelela, kanye nocwaningo olumba lujule ngoba lushaya ngqo kulokho okucwaningwayo, lunembile futhi lunikeza isithombe esicacile sendaba ecwaningwayo. Leli phepha locwaningo lusekelwe ocwaningweni olwenziwe kwabesifazane abayisikhombisa. Lolu cwaningo luye lwahlola izindaba zokuphila zababambiqhaza njengoba babezilandisela bona ngokwabo, kuhlanganise isikhathi beseyizingane nendlela abakhuliswe ngayo, impilo yabo bengabantu abadala nokuphila kwabo njengabashushumbisi bezidakamizwa. Ucwaningo lugxile nasekuphileni kwabo kwangaphambili, izimo zomnotho nezenhlalo, umndeni nabangane, ucwaningo luye lwahlola ukuthi zikhona yini ezinye izinto okungenzeka ziyingxenye yezimbangela ezenza bashushumbise izidakamizwa. Ukuqoqwa kwedatha kwenziwa ngezingxoxo ezihleliwe nababambiqhaza abayisikhombisa. Abacwaningi baye bazikhethela ngokwabo abantu abazobamba iqhaza. Ngenxa yokuthi isihloko sigxile kulabo abashushumbisa izidakamizwa, le ndlela ibifaneleka ukuze kuxoxwe nababambiqhaza abengeziwe. Umcwaningi obehlose ukuxoxa okungenani nababambiqhaza abayishumi, ekugcineni kuyiwe kwabayishumi nanhlanu okuthe kubo kwaba nabayisikhombisa abavume ukubamba iqhaza. Indlela ehlakaniphile yokuhlaziya isetshenzisiwe ukuhlaziya idatha eqoqiwe. Nakuba ucwaningo belugxile ocwaningweni olumba lujule, ukuhlaziya okuhlakaniphile kube usizo ngoba bekuvumelana nezimo okusizile ekunikezeni idatha enemininingwane eminingi. Izimbangela bezihlukile kubo bonke ababambiqhaza, noma kunjalo okuyinhloko okutholakele kulolu cwaningo kubonisile ukuthi ababambiqhaza bakhetha ukushushumbisa izidakamizwa ngenxa yokuthwala kanzima ngokwezomnotho nangokwezimali. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuthwala kanzima ngokwezimali nangokwezomnotho kuyinto ebanzi futhi kuhlobana nomuntu othwele kanzima, kuye kwatholakala ukuthi ukuthwala kanzima ngokwezimali/ngokwezomnotho kungachazwa ngokuthi ukuthwala kanzima ngokwezezimali okuthatha isikhathi eside nokuthwala kanzima ngokwezimali kwesikhashana. Ukuthwala kanzima ngokwezimali okuthatha isikhathi eside kwenziwa ukuhlala isikhathi eside ungasebenzi kanye nokuntuleka kwamathuba emisebenzi ngenxa yokungabi namakhono, kuyilapho ukuthwala kanzima ngokwezemali kwesikhashana kudalwa izimo ezingalindelekile ezenza kudingeke isisombululo esisheshayo. Okunye futhi okutholakele ukuthi ababambiqhaza babekhuthazwa izinzuzo ezingokwezimali ukuthi bangaceba ngokushesha ngokungafani nokusebenza isikhathi esigcwele. Abantu abaphila nabo nsuku zonke bayingxenye yembangela ebagqugquzele ukuba bashushumbise izidakamizwa, kulaba kungabalwa umndeni, ophathina babo nabangane abadlale indima ebalulekile ekuthonyeni abanye ababambiqhaza ukuba bashushumbise izidakamizwa. Okuthakazelisayo okutholakale kubo bonke ababambiqhaza ukuthi abantu abadabuka eNigeria babe nesandla ekubeni kwabo abashushumbisi bezidakamizwa. Ucwaningo luqinisekisile ukuthi abase-Nigeria badlale indima enkulu ekubeni abaxhasi noma abagcini bezidakamizwa ezithuthwa ababambiqhaza. Lokhu bekufakazelwa yibo bonke ababambiqhaza okuxoxwe nabo. Izincomo zalolu cwaningo zihlanganise ucwaningo olwengeziwe oluzokwenziwa kulabo abashushumbisa izidakamizwa. Alwanele ulwazi olukhona mayelana nabashushumbisi bezidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi kubantu besifazane. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele kube nemikhankaso yokufundisa emiphakathini nasezikoleni ngokuphathelene nokushushumbisa izidakamizwa, le mikhankaso yokufundisa izogxila kakhulu emndenini, ezikhungweni ezinikeza kanye nasekwenzeni ukukhetha okufanele.
Criminology and Security Science
M.A. (Criminology)

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McGregor, Catherine. "Amphetamine withdrawal : nature, time course and treatment." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37746.

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Increased demands on amphetamine dependence treatment services point to a need for effective pharmacotherapies for withdrawal symptom suppression. However, empirical data on which to base effective treatments are scarce. To address the need for an evidence base, four studies were conducted in two countries - Australia and Thailand. Firstly, the time course and severity of amphetamine withdrawal symptoms were characterised in two inpatient samples of amphetamine users. Results identified the first week of abstinence as an acute withdrawal phase characterised by increased sleeping, eating and a cluster of mood and anxiety - related symptoms. Following the acute phase, most withdrawal symptoms remained stable and at low levels for the remaining two weeks of abstinence ( the sub - acute phase ). Data from these two studies formed the basis for a new instrument, the Amphetamine Cessation Symptom Assessment scale ( ACSA ). On psychometric testing, the ACSA showed satisfactory reliability and a clear psychometric structure, delineating symptom clusters and their correlates with a three factor solution providing the best fit to the data. Using the ACSA to measure outcome, the safety and efficacy of the serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor antidepressant mirtazapine ( 15 - 60 mg per day, n = 13 ), and the wake-promoting drug, modafinil ( 400mg per day, n = 14 ) were assessed in successive, open - label, inpatient pilot trials. Study medication was administered for up to ten days. An historical comparison group ( n = 22 ) who received treatment as usual consisting of pericyazine 2.5 - 10mg per day for control of agitation served as a comparison. Results showed that modafinil and mirtazapine were well tolerated, producing minimal positive subjective effects. There were significant group differences in withdrawal severity ( F = 18.6, df 2,219 p < 0.001 ). Post - hoc analysis showed that modafinil was more effective than mirtazapine ( p = 0.041 ), and both were more effective than treatment as usual ( both p < 0.001 ) in ameliorating withdrawal severity. Overall, these studies identified a peak in withdrawal severity during the first week of abstinence ; demonstrated the reliability and validity of the ACSA and identified modafinil as a safe and potentially effective pharmacotherapy for the treatment of amphetamine withdrawal symptoms.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Medical School, 2005.

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Govender, L. M. "Crime associated with the sugars drug in Durban." 2008. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001456.

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Thesis (MTech. in Policing)
The sugars drug has affected Indian communities in KwaZulu Natal, and has resulted in the collapse and disintegration of socio economic conditions. There has also been a rise in crime. This research outlines the findings of questionnaires given to residents of communities, drug users and drug rehabilitees. It aims to provide recommendations to curb the sugars problem, and see a decrease in crime with regards to sugars.

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WANG, KAI-WEN, and 王凱文. "Life Course and Modus Operandi of Drug Sellers." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4j2t5v.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
犯罪學研究所
107
In the past few years, Taiwan’s efforts to fight drug crimes have been well received. Whether through cross-border smuggling or domestic self-production, the quantity of drugs seized is quite amazing. SinceTaiwan is an island surrounded by the sea, even if we work hard to prevent drug smuggling from the maritime, there are still drugs that have successfully landed and arrived in the hands of drug users in various ways. In order to prevent drugs from entering the community, the Executive Yuan has implemented a policy of “Safe living and Against Drug Crime” that vowing that drugs cannot survive in the community to achieve the goal of “upward sources and downward sweeping”. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to analyze the life course of drug dealers , process of drug trafficking, drug trafficking experiences at underclass, what causes them to contact and learn how to drug trafficking and while they entering and leaving the criminal justice system to minimize the risk. The study found that drug traffickers have almost dysfunctional families and bad companies. They are dissatisfied with the family situation or raised by their grandparents, causing them to feel a serious alienation. Under the lure of material life and bad friends, they began to get in touch with drugs. However, such people usually have a small amount of drug trafficking, they have a fixed pipeline, and a small circle of drug-related friends. And use the income from drug trafficking to survive and provide their daily expenses. The research also found that the usual methods of drug trafficking: (1) Using telephone and the code words of trading drugs to communication; (2) Assess the type, quantity and delivery method of the drug; (3) the choice of trading time is related to the weather and police investigation; (4) the choice of trading location and drug delivery considerations; (5) the identification of the traffickers and the object of the transaction; (6) Assessing Where to hide drugs and where drugs are delivered. The research suggests: (1) Establish a counseling system: "Focus on family care system", "carefully choose friends, encourage participation in social activities" and "provide stable work". (2) Legal system:" Legislation related to communication software specifications", "Building a Collaboration Platform with Communication Operators", and "Analysis of the Use of Drug Trafficking Techniques". (3) Science and technology system: "Cultivate scientific and technological talents" and “gather and engage technology talents". Keywords: drug traffickers, drug trafficking techniques, drug trafficking networks, drug trafficking at underclass, life Course

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Chen, Tzu-huang, and 陳紫凰. "A Study on the Life Course of Female Drug Abuse." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46861834579403665173.

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GHENG, CHUN-YING, and 鄭鈞穎. "A Study on Life Course of Female Drug Abuse Recidivists." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45458200645734923878.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
犯罪學研究所
105
Because of the increasing incidence of female drug recidivism in our country, while the lack of the life course research of female drug recidivists, so this paper aims to explore the influencing factors of drug recidivism and to construct the life course evolution pattern of female drug recidivists by understanding the key events and turning points of female drug recidivists in different ages. This study uses depth interview to collect data. Samples for this study were selected 2 individuals from 20-29, 30-39 and over 40 years old ,totally six female drug recidivists. The results of the research are presented as follows： 1.On the dynamic life course of female frug recidivists, (1) early key events related to the drug recidivism are: invalid discipline, brother and sister's drug abuse, parents divorced, premature termination of school, and making biased students/boyfriend. (2) recent key events that directly lead to drug recidivism are: making a drug companion, indulging in drug circles, frustrated love,and economic pressure. 2. On the static life characteristics,female drug recidivism present the following main features: (1) The Original family is the problem family. Parents' education level is low; There are more children in the family; The social and economic status of the family is low; Invalid discipline; Family members have drug addicts; Parents divorced. (2) School attachment is low; premature termination of school. (3) frustrated love. (4) Individual social and economic status is low. (5) The partner is drug addict. (6) Self-control is low. 3. The evolutionary pattern of female rug recidivists is from first-tome drug application to suspension,and to recidivism.In the process,the key factors leading to drug suspension are out of the drug circle and giving birth to child. And the key factors leading to drug recidivism are as follows: (1) Situational context: drug circle and drug boyfriend/husband. (2) Weak marriage bond. (3) Weak social bond. (4) Living and economic pressure. 4. Sampson & Laub's the general age-graded theory of informal social control, Agnew's a general strain theory, a general criminal theory, and feminist criminology have been highly validated,and Thornberry's a interactional theory is partially validated. According to the results of the study,this paper provids the following suggestions： 1.To enhance the study on life course of female frug recidivists of all ages. 2.To enhance the study on the impact of turning point to female frug recidivists's first-time and recidivism.

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LAI, SSU-HSUAN, and 賴思璇. "A Life Course of Drug Rehabilitation to the Female Drug Addicts-the Case Study of the Operation Dawn." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4p3b7e.

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碩士
銘傳大學
社會與安全管理學系碩士班
105
The drug has always been not only a criminal problem in Taiwan but also a common international crime to every country. In recent years, the events of entertainers drug-taking occur frequently in foreign and domestic,shocked the public and drew more attention of the society. Along with the open society and the transformation of the social structure in recent years,the chance of female contact drugs and expose to dangers are rising.Problems involving drug-taking among female entertainers are too numerous to enumerate.Therefore,this study aims to investigate.(1) Drug addiction, the failure of Drug Rehabilitation, recurrent process, Drug Rehabilitation, and recover to the whole process and development of healthy cognition and attitude.(2) The key factors for promoting the female of having drug rehabilitation motivation, and the reason and opportunity to contact with the Operation Dawn.(3) After having Rehabilitation Treatment, the female make great change for the progress.(4) The factors of the female successfully quit the drug addiction, their anticipation and attitude of facing the future.(5) Expecting by literature review and result, we could make the relevant suggestions have the positive rehabilitative effect on the female Drug Addicts and reduce the recommitment rate. This research regards in deep interviews and Narrative-Oriented method that combined with the view of interactionism, and with Semi-Structured Interviews. According to the interview outline, being the interview principal orientation, we can realize the Life Course of drug addiction and Drug Rehabilitation for the female cases. This study involved in twelve participants, including six Operation Dawn female of Drug Rehabilitation, four Operation Dawn counsellors, and two Operation Dawn Drug- Rehabilitative experts. This study discovers the underperformance of family function is the main factor to effect the cases develop a negative personality. The lack of warm family urge that the cases value friends more than family. Also the peer of misconceptions and personal curiosity result in walking down a drug road and no turning back. In addition, the long-term support from family,friends,and environment are the important factors that influence the cases Drug Rehabilitation. By the Rehabilitation Treatment, the cases have reconstruction of the positive personality, possess the loyal faith and rely on the god.Therefore, life values would grow from change, have a silver lining, and return to the holistic person’s steady life. The suggestions of this study are divided into three sessions according to the aspects of family, make friends in school,and drug rehabilitation institutes.Hopefully, these suggestions will be the great reference to the relevant organizations and more follow-up studies will occur.

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Yu, Tai-Fen, and 余岱芬. "Ketamine Abuse Offenders' Perception of Life Courses in Private Drug Rehab Centers." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/276dsk.

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碩士
國立中正大學
犯罪防治研究所
102
This study aims to explore Ketamine abuse offenders' perception of life events and transformation courses in private drug rehab centers. 6 Ketamine abuse offenders from 2 private drub rehab centers in southern Taiwan were studied. Semi-structured interviews of qualitative research and phenomenological analysis were conducted in this study. Research results are as follows: A. Important experiences of Ketamine abuse offenders in private drug rehab centers (1)Family: Interviewees lacks paternal bond and parental examples. They suffered inconsistent parental discipline, and received few family warmth. They often ran away from home. They have family members who are substance abuse offenders, and their parents have violent or other misbehaviors. (2)School: Most of interviewees did not finish their senior high school or vocational school education. They have dropout experiences, and transferred schools for several times. They have poor school performance and bad learning attitudes. They bullied other classmates, provoked teachers, and intimidate instructors.Some teachers in their life take care of them like parents. (3)Peers: They have problems of low self-awareness and low self-esteem. They felt every family probelm was related to their drug abuse problems. They were unwelcome to peers, so they sought other peer groups to find recognition. Their friends invited them to use drugs. Their drug dealers were their boyfriends or provided substances on call. They firmly supported each other, and gradually alienated friends who did not use drugs. They chose to stay with sibstamce-abused friends. However, advices from friends who use or do not use drugs and lovers would have positive impact on interviewees. (4)Work and Leisure: Work: Interviewees lacked perseverance on work. They did illicit jobs for money, such as drug trafficking, joining gangs or porn industries. Interviewees said that most femail in porn industries use drugs. Some of them use Ketamine during work time. Some customers would invite them to use Ketamine. Some of them join porn industry for drugs. Leisure: The leisure of interviewees was using drugs. Most of them used drugs in sensual places. They had party in friend's house or took Ecstasy. They often used drugs in their own houses or friend's home. (5)Community environment: They had neighbors who use drugs. They were afraid to let neighbors know they used drugs. Their houses were often inspected by police, so they moved many times. They had many places to stay and had no fixed abode. B. Substance abusing history of Ketamine abuse offenders in private rehab cneters: They used Ketamine out of curiosity or to stop worrying. They believed Ketamine would not cause addiction problems and used it for fun or refreshment. Some of them used Ketamine just because they were bored. Some of them who joined troupes in temple fair would use Ketamine, too. Female interviewees were affected by relationship a lot. At the first time that interviewees used Ketamine, they felt dizzy and nauseous, then floating. They used it again because they desired the feeling when Ketaming was breathed into their nasal cavity. In addition, they also liked the feeling when talking to their friends after using Ketamine. They were all aware that they had been addicted to Ketamine, and were jeopardized physically and psychologically. C. Ketamine abuse offenders' history of rehab in private rehab centers: The 6 steps of rehab are self-awareness, replacement therapy, family support, medical treatment, support from rehab centers, and religion. D. The transformation courses of Ketamine abuse offenders in private rehab centers Finding another home: Interviewees felt being loved and accepted. They started to change (self-reflection and positive values), and made friends. They learned how to be a giver. Future plan: Interviewees started to think about their future life plan, and learned professional skills . They hope to build a happy family, and start a new life. They want to spend more time on their families, and hope to become a helper to others. Countermeasures to future dilemma: Keeping insistence, developing good habits, and seeking diverse supports. E. Suggestions for substance abuse prevention of the 3rd and 4th class drugs from Ketamine abuse offenders in private rehab centers Suggestions to penal provisions: Lectures or fines do not work a lot and waste time. Penalties should be heavier. The current rehab measures are not effective. Suggestions for prevention contents: group courses, labor services, learning to cherish life through taking care of vulnerable people, testimonies sharing, and promotion of knowledge of drug hazards. This study proposes 9 suggestions for Ketamine abuse offenders in private rehab centers, which are helping Ketamine abuse offenders to build a happy marriage and family, improving the resource network of their family functions, paying more attention to take care of students with deviant behaviors, helping teenagers to develop healthy recreation and habits, making more effort to help Ketamine abuse offenders back to school or to get job referrals, helping Ketamine abuse offenders to join positive peer groups, strengthening the application and support of community resources for Ketamine abuse offenders, building diverse treatment models based on social psychological treatments, and adjusting lectures about hazards of the 3rd and 4th class of drugs. These suggestions are presented as reference for related authorities and institutions when making treatments for Ketamine abuse offenders.

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Wu, Chia-Hua, and 吳佳樺. "A Rational Choice Approach to the Life Course of the Female Drug Dependants." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67537932007159436172.

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42

Shih, Mengru, and 石孟儒. "The Life-Course and Termination Factors for Female Adolescent Drug Abusers in Juvenile Reformatory." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29405836506676598401.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
犯罪學研究所
100
The Life-Course and Termination Factors for Female Adolescent Drug Abusers in Juvenile Reformatory by Shih, Meng-Ru May 2012 ADVISOR: Dr. Chuen-Jim Sheu DEPARTMENT: GRADUATE SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY MAJOR：CRIMINOLOGY DEGREE：MASTER OF LAW In recent years, adolescent drug abuse has been an important issue across the world., The previous studies found that female adolescent drug abusers might cause serious harm to society (Lyu, 2008). Multiple drug use is the norm for those girls (Lin, 2005). Compared to their counterparts, they had more illegal sexual activities, and were more likely to become rape victims(Li Sixian, 2006). Besides, drug addicted teenage girls would have more criminal activities, and are easier becoming victims than boys (Green., 2004). However, there are few literatures focused on the underage girls This study did not only focus on the causes of adolescent girls drug abuse but also on the experience of the girls drug abuse; why they refused to continue use by themselves, and what the causes of termination were. This study combined Hirschi’s social bonds with Sampson & Laub’s (2003) turning points discussing female adolescent drug abusers. Specifically, the qualitative method was employed to located the termination factors of 11 girls who violated the “Against Narcotics Act” were interviewed from one Juvenile Reform School. The results showed three major factors associated with the drug termination periods. (1) Individual factors: self-determination stop, no physical addiction, and bad health condition. (2) Social control factors: (return to) school, truanted school but not drop-out, (return to) family, (return to) legal employed, and quit escort industry. (3) Significant others factors: Attached on parents, been controlled from boyfriend/friends who did not addict to drug, breaking up with drug dependence boyfriends/friends/environment. There were two of these cases had already desisted their drug courses were associated with three important causes. (1) Self-determination termination. (2) Participating in legal employment. (3) “knife off” the past(environment and friends). Policy suggestions were provided: 1) high-risk family search and help; 2) more education about the harmsof drug use; 3) self-control training lesson; 4) significant others training; 5) provide more legal opportunities to the girls.

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Tang, Fu-chun, and 唐福春. "The Impact of the Death Education Course on the Purpose in Life and Death Attitude of the Drug Jailbirds ─ Take a Drug Abuser Treatment Center as an Example." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04290972508446405884.

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碩士
南華大學
生死學研究所
92
The purpose of this research is to design a program for the death education course for drug jailbirds. Applying the “purpose in life scale” and the “death attitude scale”, we understand the impact of the death education course on the purpose in life and death attitude of the drug jailbirds. 　　　The research used “pretest-posttest control-group quasi-experiment research”, randomly choosing 60 drug jailbirds from Keelong drug abuser treatment center, and divided them into “experiment group” and “control group”, 30 people in each group. The participants in experiment group took 10 death education courses, 50 minutes each course. The participants in control-group do none. Both groups used the pretest- posttest “purpose in life scale” and “death attitude scale” and follow-up test. The consequence proved the assumptions of the researchers by “Verified by Mixed-designed two-way ANOVA”, and then using interview outline to understand the learning result and satisfaction of the participants, in order to probe into the influence of the death education course on the drug jailbirds. 　　　The result of this research: 　　1.The death education course can positively change their attitude on “sense of personal value”, “sense of direction”, “sense of being one’s own master”, “death avoidance” attitude, “neutral acceptance” attitude, “escape acceptance” attitude, and the effect lasted for more than 4 weeks. 　　2.Although the death education course can positively change the drug jailbirds' attitude to the “sense of abundance”, “fear of death” and “approach acceptance”, the effect is not obvious. 　　3.Form interview outline we found “death education course” could indeed let the drug jailbirds face death easily, and show that they cherish and are more active toward their lives. 　　　Concluding above results, we find out this research of the “death education course” can positively change drug jailbirds' sense of purpose in life and death attitude. According to above consequences the research also proposes further steps for discussion and suggestion so that we can provide the reference for relevant researchers and practitioners.

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Chang, Pei-Chi, and 張佩琦. "Comprehensive review of anticancer drugs, therapies and a study on immunotherapy training course." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38rgzx.

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Ke-Yun, Chan, and 詹可筠. "Exploring the risk factors of drug recidivism：A life course perspective（The case of Taipei prison and Taoyuan Women’s prison）." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jgzst5.

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碩士
中央警察大學
犯罪防治研究所
101
Statistics form Ministry of Justice have shown that the recidivism rates for drug in Taiwan has grown up about 16%, since 2002(65.5%) to 2011(81.9%). It shows that is a serious problem of drug recidivism. In Taiwan, there are a lot of quantitative researches about risk factors for drug recidivism, but the lack of the longitudinal study of drug offenders’ life course. The main aims of this research were to explore the drug offenders’ life course and try to find out what important life events and risk factors caused to maintain a drug addition. The purposes of this research adopting grounded theory approach, interview to collect data.The interview outlines of this research were designed according to McAdam’s life story interview, intergrated with the life course theories and use the life curve map as other research tool. Samples for this study were based on the official drug-related criminal records two or more, and four of the male and female, totally eight people for the individual interview. The results of the research are presented as follows： 1.The important events and risk factors cause the initial process of drug abuse (1)Family situation in the childhood：Broken families, inconsistent discipline, too spoiled, alienated. (2)Performance of school life：Borderline pass/fail in an exam, interrupt their studies when high school. (3)Interpersonal relationship：Childhood palymates, play with deviant peers, friend is the “drug enlightment”. (4)Working adaptation：Low-wage service, when exposure to drugs and the job could not be stable. (5)Adult family status：Shotgun marriage, women with the domestic violence experience. 2.The important events and risk factors cause to maintain drug abuse： (1)Family relationships：Forgive or not, trust again, the level of support were affected drug reused. (2)Peer relationships：Cutting off the environmnt which arounded drug, making normal friends were affected drug reused. (3)Working adaptation：A stable job or not, money values and work frustration were affected drug reused. (4)Personal characteristics and treatment experience：Devient awareness of drug, and there is no sense of the treatment were affected drug reused. (5)Key life events：Significant others to give up, drug offender labled by themselves, a failed marriage, failure career, parole revocation, suspende prosecution revoked. (6)Recidivism risk factors：Rich imprisonment experience, expand the drug circle of friends, hard to find job, family member doesn’t trust, hard to get rid of psychological addictions, enticed by friends, boring to seek pleasure, escaping from the reality, depressed, drug inferiority complex. According to the research findings, and provid several suggestions as belows： 1.Primany prevention：Strengthen the family attachment, counseling the high-risk juvenile, establish the right awareness of drug, increasing the social support. 2.Correction session：Providing job training, conseling for the community integration, strengthen the probation officers’effect. 3.Recidivisim prevention：Assist drug offenders reconstruct the relationships between family and friend, providing job consuling, rooted the anti-drug education.

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Jen, Li Su, and 李素貞. "A Study into the Process of Governance Network Construction for School Special Courses － the Case of the Pusin Elementary School's “Festival Drum Show”." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56705654507796588861.

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碩士
開南大學
公共事務管理學系
99
The current curriculum reform is: Hope that comprehensive education reform to promote the school innovation and improve the quality of education. The courses will always be the core work and key point of the school development program. In recent years, developing “School Special Courses” has become the most important strategy. However, there is no one department can alone afford the decision of the school curriculum. It requires different departments’ cooperation to complete. Therefore, how to construct a high performance, flexible and mobility governance mechanisms is particularly important. This research investigated the school special courses and the construction process of governance network. The research object is Pusin elementary school’s “Festival Drum Show” and the analysis view point is “Network Governance”. Through analyzed these interviews information, this research get some conclusion as following items: I. In the early, the interaction between the special course of Pusin elementary school and the relevant actors in the network were tangible resources. Then the interaction slowly transformed into tangible and intangible resources. II. In the governance network structure, the basis effective interaction between relevant actors is the trust relationship. The trust relationship deeply affects the interactive network. And the trust construction is mainly from the personal identification of the trust relationship and the ideal values, thereby creating the trust relationship between organizations III. When school promotes the special courses, combining the resources in the network such as government, academia and schools is the most important key. And from parents and community resources were little impact on the courses, but it actually can help schools to develop these special courses. IV. The school leader plays an important key role is to promote special courses. He can get consensus and recognitions which are form government, parents and community. Dedicated efforts for the school. Key words: school special course, governance, network governance, course management, actors

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Mnguni, Nokonwaba Zandile. "A criminological exploration of female drug mules incarcerated in Kgoši Mampuru II and Johannesburg female correctional centres." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/27017.

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Abstract in English, Xhosa and Tswana
The recognition of the role of females in drug trafficking was established more than 30 years ago and there are notable cases of women undertaking leading roles in this crime for almost 100 years. This phenomenon has gained popularity in South Africa as is evidenced by the number of women who are found and incarcerated for smuggling drugs into or out of South Africa. The purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the female drug mule phenomenon and explain the reasons why female drug mules are involved in drug smuggling. The objectives of the study were to develop a profile for female drug mules incarcerated in South African correctional centres, specifically Kgoši Mampuru II and Johannesburg Female Correctional Centre; to establish risk factors for being recruited and used as drug mules; to explain the mules’ motivations for being involved in drug smuggling; to determine the physical and emotional impact drug smuggling has on the drug mules; and to determine the methods used by drug mules to smuggle drugs. A qualitative research approach, with the use of one-on-one semi-structured interviews, was used to obtain information from participants. The sample comprised 20 diverse female offenders incarcerated at Kgoši Mampuru II and Johannesburg Correctional Centres. The data from the schedule of interview questions were analysed using thematic analysis, coding and categorising. It is envisaged that this research will be of significance to the criminal justice system, as recommendations on deterrence and preventative measures regarding the use of females as drug mules may be made from the findings. The general findings of this research demonstrate that a female drug mule, in the context of this study, is an African or Spanish woman that is open to methods that can produce various streams of income to support her children and family. Secondly, the findings in this dissertation revealed that women are recruited as drug mules because of their vulnerable economic state. Lastly, the most common method used to smuggle drugs revealed by participants in this research is through luggage concealment. Through this study, an in-depth insight into the history and life circumstances of female drug mules is provided. This will also help society to understand why some individuals are at risk of being recruited as mules or are motivated to engage in drug smuggling. Consequently, this research study may assist in the creation of early detection, education and awareness programmes surrounding the risks associated with drug smuggling.
Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabasetyhini ekuhambiseni iziyobisi kwaqala ukubhalwa ngako ngaphaya kweminyaka engama-30 adlulayo, kanti phantse kwiminyaka eli-100 eyadlulayo zazikho iingxelo ngamakhosikazi adlala iindima eziphambili ekuhambiseni iziyobisi. Apha eMzantsi Afrika lo mbandela uye wafumana ukwaziwa kakhulu ngenxa yeqela labasetyhini abafunyaniswe baza bavalelwa entolongweni ngenxa yokuthubelezisa iziyobisi ezingenisa okanye ezikhupha kweli loMzantsi Afrika. Injongo yesi sifundo yayikukuqonda nzulu lo mkhwa wemeyile (isilwanyana sokuthwala) yeziyobisi nokuchaza izizathu zokuba ababhinqileyo babe ziimeyile zeziyobisi. Esi sifundo sijonge ukuqulunqa ubume bomntu obhinqileyo oyimeyile yeziyobisi okhe wavalelwa kwiintolongo zaseMzantsi Afrika, ngakumbi iKgoši Mampuru II kunye neJohannesburg Correctional Centre. Okunye okujongwe sesi sifundo kukufumanisa umngcipheko abakuwo abafazi abarhwebeshwayo basetyenziswe njengeemeyile zeziyobisi; kuchazwe izinto ezikhuthaza ukuba ubani abe yimeyile yeziyobisi; kufunyaniswe ukuba ukuthubelezisa iziyobisi kumchaphazela njani umthubelezisi/imeyile emphefumlweni nasemzimbeni; kubuye kufunyaniswe iindlela ezisetyenziswa zezi meyile zingabafazi ekuthubeleziseni iziyobisi. Kusetyenizswe indlela yophando eqwalasela amanani ukuze kufunyanwe ulwazi kwabo bathathe inxaxheba, kwenziwa nodliwano ndlebe lobuso ngobuso olungaqingqwanga ngqongqo. Isampulu yophando ibe ngamabanjwa abhinqileyo angama-20 ahlukeneyo navalelwe eKgoši Mampuru II naseJohannesburg Correctional Centre. Iinkcukacha zolwazi/idata ehlalutyiweyo iquka ezo nkcukacha zithathwe kwiimpendulo zemibuzo yodliwano ndlebe apho kuhlalutywe imixholo, kwafakwa iimpawu/iikhowudi zabuya zahlulahlulwa zaba ngamahlelo iinkcukacha zolwazi. Kucingwa ukuba olu phando luya kuba luncedo kwinkonzo yezobulungisa kuba okufunyanisiweyo nokucetyiswayo kunganceda ekuqulunqeni amanyathelo okuthintela nokuthibaza abaphuli mthetho ekusebenziseni abantu ababhinqileyo njengeemeyile zeziyobisi, kubabonise nabo abafazi ububi bokuba ziimeyile zeziyobisi. Uluntu ngokubanzi nalo luya kuncedakala kokufunyaniswe lolu phando. Esi sifundo siveze ukuqonda nzulu ngembali neemeko zobomi beemeyile zeziyobisi ezibhinqileyo. Olu lwazi lunganceda ukuba abantu baqonde ukuba kwenzeka kanjani ukuba abanye abantu babe semngciphekweni wokurhwebeshelwa ukusebenza njengeemeyile zeziyobisi, baqonde nokuba zintoni ezikhuthaza ubani ukuba azibandakanye nokuthubelezisa iziyobisi. Ngoko ke olu phando lunganceda ekwenzeni iinkqubo zokuqaphela kwangoko ubani oyimeyile, ezokufundisa nezokwazisa uluntu ukuze kuthintelwe imingcipheko enxulumene nothubeleziso lweziyobisi.
Seabe sa batho ba bomme mo kgwebong e e seng mo molaong ya diritibatsi se kwadilwe la ntlha dingwaga di feta 30 tse di fetileng, mme mo sebakeng se se ka nnang dingwaga di le 100, go nnile le dikgetse tse di lemogilweng tsa basadi ba ba eteletseng pele kgwebo e e seng mo molaong ya diritibatsi. Mo Aforikaborwa, ntlha eno e tlhageletse thata ka ntlha ya palo ya basadi ba ba tshwerweng le go golegwa ka ntlha ya go tsena gongwe go tswa ka diritibatsi ka tsela e e seng mo molaong mo Aforikaborwa. Maitlhomo a thutopatlisiso eno e ne e le go tlhaloganya thata ntlha ya basadi ba ba tsamaisang diritibatsi e seng ka fa molaong le go tlhalosa lebaka la gore goreng basadi ba ba tsamaisang diritibatsi e seng ka fa molaong ba nna le seabe mo go tsamaiseng diritibatsi jalo. Maikaelelo a thutopatlisiso ke go dira porofaele ya basadi ba ba tsamaisang diritibatsi ka tsela e e seng mo molaong, ba ba golegilweng kwa ditikwatikweng tsa kgopololo tsa Aforikaborwa, go totilwe Ditikwatikwe tsa Kgopololo tsa Kgosi Mampuru II le Johannesburg, go bona dintlha tsa matshosetsi a gore basadi ba ngokelwe go dirisiwa jaaka batsamaisi ba ba seng mo molaong ba diritibatsi; go tlhalosa gore batsamaisi ba ba seng mo molaong ba diritibatsi ba susumediwa ke eng gore ba nne le seabe mo go tsamaiseng diritibatsi ka tsela eo; go lebelela gore go tsamaisa diritibatsi go go seng mo molaong go amile jang motho yo o tsamaisang diritibatsi mo mmeleng le mo maikutlong; le go lebelela mekgwa e e dirisiwang ke batsamaisi ba diritibatsi ba basadi go tsamaisa diritibatsi ka tsela e e seng mo molaong. Go dirisitswe molebo wa patlisiso e e lebelelang mabaka go bona tshedimosetso go tswa go bannileseabe, ka tiriso ya dipotsolotso tse di batlileng di rulagana tsa batho bongwe ka bongwe. Sampole e dirilwe ka bagolegwa ba basadi ba ba farologaneng ba le 20 ba ba golegilweng kwa Ditikwatikweng tsa Kgopololo tsa Kgosi Mampuru II le Johannesburg. Data e e lokolotsweng e na le data e e gogilweng go tswa mo sejuleng ya dipotso tsa dipotsolotso mme e lokolotswe go ya ka morero, go khouta le go aroganya data ka dikarolo. Go solofelwa gore patlisiso eno e ka nna mosola mo tsamaisong ya bosiamisi jwa bosenyi ka ntlha ya fa diphitlhelelo le dikatlenegiso di ka thusa mo go tlhamiweng ga dikgato tsa thibelo go dira gore batlolamolao ba tshabe go dirisa basadi jaaka batho ba ba tsamaisang diritibatsi e seng mo molaong le go thibela basadi go nna batsamaisi ba diritibatsi ba ba seng mo molaong. Baagi le bona ba ka ungwelwa go tswa mo diphitlhelelong tsa patlisiso eno. Ka thutopatlisiso eno, go tlamelwa ka tshedimosetso e e boteng ya lemorago le seemo sa botshelo sa basadi ba ba tsamaisang diritibatsi e seng ka fa molaong. Seno se ka thusa baagi go tlhaloganya gore goreng batho bangwe ba le mo matshosetsing a go ka ngokelwa go tsamaisa diritibatsi ka tsela e e seng mo molaong gongwe ba rotloetsega go nna karolo ya go tsamaisa diritibatsi ka tsela eo. Ka ntlha ya seo, thutopatlisiso eno e ka thusa gore go tlhamiwe mananeo a temogo ya go sa le gale, thuto le temoso go fokotsa matshosetsi a a amanang le go tsamaisa diritibatsi e seng ka fa molaong.
Criminology and Security Science
M.A. (Criminal Justice)

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48

Rubášová, Eva. "ADHD u klientů terapeutických komunit pro drogově závislé - prevalence, vliv na osobnost a na průběh a výsledek léčby." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-332257.

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The diploma thesis deals with the issue of ADHD among clients treated in therapeutical communities for users of illegal addictive substances. The issue of ADHD is explored in the point of view of prevalence, influence on a person and in the point of view of complications during the treatment. Information concerning this issue are absented in the Czech Republic. Research studies about dual diagnosis substantiate the influence of associated co morbid for use of addictive substances in the point of view of an ability of one to cope with normally adjusted medical schedule and make profit out of it. Lingering of ADHD in adultery even with subliminal Symptomatology presents a burden in fields of executive and behavioral abilities of a person. Well- timed and proper diagnosis is vital for an adjustment of optimal medical schedule. The goal of the thesis was to find whether there are clients with ADHD diagnosis in therapeutical communities and what is the influence of a defect on a person and on complications during the treatment. The occurence of ADHD clients of therapeutical communities was found out in childhood and in the present, characteristics of ADHD clients were tracked and a degree of occurence of complications in comparision with clients without diagnosis during the process of the treatment was...

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49

Sarem, Sarem. "Limited sampling strategies for estimation of cyclosporine exposure in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients : methodological improvement and introduction of sampling time deviation analysis." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13046.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Drug courier'

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