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Journal articles on the topic 'Drug delivery to brain'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Vohra, Manisha, Mohammad Amir, Amit Sharma, and Sheetu Wadhwa. "Formulation Strategies for Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery." Journal of Pharmaceutical Technology, Research and Management 10, no. 1 (2022): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jptrm.2022.101008.

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Background: Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Dementia, and others are becoming more common globally due to people’s changing lifestyles. Furthermore, the presence of the Blood-Brain barrier and other limitations of oral and other routes of administration makes drug delivery to the brain somewhat tricky. As a result, numerous novel drug delivery systems are being developed for drug administration to the brain. However, nose-to-brain administration is one of the most effective, safe, and non-invasive methods. Purpose: To discuss no

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Pawar, Bhakti, Nupur Vasdev, Tanisha Gupta, et al. "Current Update on Transcellular Brain Drug Delivery." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 12 (2022): 2719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14122719.

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It is well known that the presence of a blood–brain barrier (BBB) makes drug delivery to the brain more challenging. There are various mechanistic routes through which therapeutic molecules travel and deliver the drug across the BBB. Among all the routes, the transcellular route is widely explored to deliver therapeutics. Advances in nanotechnology have encouraged scientists to develop novel formulations for brain drug delivery. In this article, we have broadly discussed the BBB as a limitation for brain drug delivery and ways to solve it using novel techniques such as nanomedicine, nose-to-br

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Sanjib, Bahadur, Naurange Tripti, Baghel Pragya, Sahu Manisha, and Yadu Kamesh. "Targeting the brain: various approaches and science involved." ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, no. 5(27) (October 30, 2020): 4–16. https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2020.210824.

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The brain targeting drug delivery system is the technique and process to deliver the drug into brain or central nerves system (CNS). The main problem arise during brain targeting in case of several brain related diseases and disorders such as CNS malignancy, brain abscess, multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia etc. selective and limiting permeation nature of barriers i.e. blood brain barrier (BBB) and blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSF), these two barriers only allow highly lipophilic molecule enters into brain and is one of the greatest clinical impediment of treatment of brain and CNS disea

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Pawar, Rohan. "Nose to Brain Drug Delivery System." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 3 (2024): 2412–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.59316.

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Abstract: The treatment of brain disorders is particularly challenging due to the presence of a variety of formidable obstacles to deliver drugs selectively and effectively to the brain. Blood-brainbarrier (BBB) constitutes the major obstacle to the uptake of drugs into the brain following systemic administration. Intranosedelivery offers a non-invasive and convenient method to bypass the BBB and delivery of therapeutics directly to the brain. The review discusses the potential of intranoseroute to deliver drugs to the brain, the mechanisms and pathways of direct nose to brain drug transport,

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Chahar, Rajeev Kumar, Chanchal Tiwari, Princy Malik, and PANKAJ KUMAR JAISWAL. "Brain-Targeted Drug Delivery System: A Novel Approach." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 12, no. 6 (2022): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v12i6.5776.

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A targeted drug delivery system is based on a technique that continuously administers a predetermined dosage of a therapeutic agent to a sick location of the body. The targeted drug delivery goal is to raise the relative amount of the treatment in the target tissues while lowering it in the non-target tissues. This technique's intrinsic benefit has been reduced drug dose and adverse effects. Drug targeting in the brain is one of the most challenging issues in pharmaceutical research because the blood-brain barrier acts as an impermeable barrier for systemically delivered therapeutics and the b

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Dilip, Kumar Uikey, and Maroti Shende Shubham. "Review on brain-targeted drug delivery." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 18, no. 3 (2023): 1489–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8435901.

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Brain-targeted drug delivery is a field of research that seeks to develop new methods for delivering drugs to the brain. This is done by overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a network of cells that tightly regulate the flow of substances between the blood and the brain. Most of the time lipophilic drugs are easily cross blood brain barrier but few of them less soluble in lipid therefore they don’t cross the blood brain barrier. After review we concluded that we can easily improve the solubility of drug using various techniques and Brain-targeted drug delivery is a promising field of

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Nguyen, Thi-Thao-Linh, and Van-An Duong. "Advancements in Nanocarrier Systems for Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery." Pharmaceuticals 18, no. 5 (2025): 615. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph18050615.

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In recent decades, nose-to-brain drug delivery has shown effectiveness in treating many central nervous system diseases. Intranasally administered drugs can be delivered to the brain through the olfactory and trigeminal pathways that bypass the blood–brain barrier. However, nose-to-brain drug delivery is challenging due to the inadequate nasal mucosa absorption of drugs and the short retention time of the intranasal formulations. These problems can be minimized through the use of nano-drug delivery systems, such as micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, liposomes, solid lipid nanopa

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Dasgupta, Ankur. "Nanotechnology based Drug Delivery for Brain Targeting." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 1 (2024): 328–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.57931.

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Abstract: Nanotechnology is an excellent and evolving technology that can be used in the field of healthcare, engineering, environmental science, etc. There is a protective barrier around the brain called the blood brain barrier (BBB) which prevents the entry of larger molecules inside the brain, maintaining brain homeostasis and this poses as a problem because the drugs implemented during any CNS disorder cannot reach the brain. Nanoparticles are solid particles that range from 1-100nm in diameter and are used as a carrier for drug delivery. Nanoparticles are used because of their various cha

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Bahadur, Shiv, Nidhi Sachan, Ranjit K. Harwansh, and Rohitas Deshmukh. "Nanoparticlized System: Promising Approach for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease through Intranasal Delivery." Current Pharmaceutical Design 26, no. 12 (2020): 1331–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200311131658.

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Alzheimer&#039;s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative brain problem and responsible for causing dementia in aged people. AD has become most common neurological disease in the elderly population worldwide and its treatment remains still challengeable. Therefore, there is a need of an efficient drug delivery system which can deliver the drug to the target site. Nasal drug delivery has been used since prehistoric times for the treatment of neurological disorders like Alzheimer&#039;s disease (AD). For delivering drug to the brain, blood brain barrier (BBB) is a major rate limiting factor f

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A, Sharma. "Macrophage Backpacks: A Novel Strategy for Targeted Brain Drug Delivery." Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology Open Access 9, no. 4 (2024): 1–2. https://doi.org/10.23880/nnoa-16000338.

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The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective and protective barrier that separates the brain from the circulatory system. It is composed of tightly packed endothelial cells that prevent most molecules from entering the brain. While this barrier is essential for maintaining the brain’s homeostasis, it also poses a significant challenge for drug delivery to the brain. Most therapeutics are unable to cross the BBB, which limits their efficacy in treating brain diseases. Therefore, there is a need for innovative drug delivery systems that can bypass the BBB and deliver therapeutics to the b

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Garg, Yogesh, Deepak N. Kapoor, Abhishek K. Sharma, and Amit Bhatia. "Drug Delivery Systems and Strategies to Overcome the Barriers of Brain." Current Pharmaceutical Design 28, no. 8 (2022): 619–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612828666211222163025.

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Abstract: The transport of drugs to the central nervous system is the most challenging task for conventional drug delivery systems. The reduced permeability of drugs through the blood-brain barrier is a major hurdle in delivering drugs to the brain. Hence, various strategies for improving drug delivery through the blood-brain barrier are being explored. Novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) offer several advantages, including high chemical and biological stability, suitability for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs, and can be administered through different routes. Furthermore, the conjugatio

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Saxena, Somesh, Shabber, Sudeep Bhardwaj, and Ashutosh Aggarwal. "Brain Targeted Drug Delivery System: A Review." Research and Analysis Journal 6, no. 6 (2023): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/raj.v6i6.408.

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Brain is the most sophisticated and important organ of our body. Together with spinal cord it control all actions, all functions voluntary or involuntary and plays a vital role in managing various organ systems of our body. It has its own protective barriers that protects the brain from various pathogens and toxins that may cause the harm. These barriers are namely Blood-Brain barrier and Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier. The highly lipophilic nature of these barriers helps them in protecting the brain, allowing the passage of only highly lipophilic drugs to the brain through blood. However w

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Joshi, Shailendra, Phillip M. Meyers, and Eugene Ornstein. "Intracarotid Delivery of Drugs." Anesthesiology 109, no. 3 (2008): 543–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e318182c81b.

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The major efforts to selectively deliver drugs to the brain in the past decade have relied on smart molecular techniques to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, whereas intraarterial drug delivery has drawn relatively little attention. Meanwhile, rapid progress has been made in the field of endovascular surgery. Modern endovascular procedures can permit highly targeted drug delivery by the intracarotid route. Intracarotid drug delivery can be the primary route of drug delivery or it could be used to facilitate the delivery of smart neuropharmaceuticals. There have been few attempts to systematic

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Rahman, Ruman, Emma Campbell, Henry Brem, et al. "SCIDOT-08. CHILDREN’S BRAIN TUMOUR DRUG DELIVERY CONSORTIUM (CBTDDC)." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.1149.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION The brain tumour community has seen significant progress in the discovery of new therapeutic targets and anticancer drugs. Unfortunately, advances in how to deliver drugs to the brain lag behind. The blood-brain barrier restricts the entry of many small-molecule drugs and nearly all large molecule drugs that have been developed to treat brain disorders. METHODS Following an international CNS drug delivery workshop in 2016, we were awarded funding from Children with Cancer UK to launch the Children’s Brain Tumour Drug Delivery Consortium (CBTDDC; www.cbtddc.org; @cbtddc).

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Kumar, Pankaj, Varun Garg, and Neeraj Mittal. "Nose to Brain Drug Delivery System: A Comprehensive Review." Drug Delivery Letters 10, no. 4 (2020): 288–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210303110999200526123006.

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Nose to brain drug delivery system is an interesting approach to deliver a drug directly in the brain through the nose. Intranasal drug delivery is very beneficial because it avoids first-pass metabolism and achieves a greater concentration of drugs in the central nervous system (CNS) at a low dose. This delivery system is used for the treatment of various neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, dementia, brain cancer, etc. To treat such types of diseases, different formulations like nanoparticles (NPs), microemulsions, in situ gel, etc. can be u

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Singh, Ruchita, Charles Brumlik, Mandar Vaidya, and Abhishek Choudhury. "A Patent Review on Nanotechnology-Based Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery." Recent Patents on Nanotechnology 14, no. 3 (2020): 174–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1872210514666200508121050.

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Background: Current cerebral drug delivery to the brain and Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) is limited by the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) or the blood-blood Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) barrier. The popular, non-invasive, intranasal delivery provides an exciting route for topical and systemic applications. For example, intranasal drug delivery of Central Nervous System (CNS) drugs can be designed to pass the BBB barrier via the nose-to-brain pathways. Recent nanotechnology research and patenting focus mainly on overcoming typical limitations including bioavailability, transport, BBB penetration, targeted

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Deepti, R. Damle, Archana D. Kajale Dr., Madhuri A. Channawar Dr., and Shilpa R. Gawande Dr. "A review: Brain specific delivery." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 13, no. 2 (2020): 068–79. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4308130.

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The overall prevalence rate for CNS pathology has demonstrated that approximately more than one billion people are undergoing from disorders of central nervous system. The most distressing fact about delivery of drugs to the CNS is the presence of blood brain barrier that have a tendency to impair the drug distribution and denotes the major impediment for the development of CNS drugs. Neuropeptides and many drugs which are hydrophilic in nature possibly will encompass the intricacy while passing the blood brain barrier. The net amount of delivered drug (medicinal agent) and its capability to g

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Dilip Kumar Uikey and Shubham Maroti Shende. "Review on brain-targeted drug delivery." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 18, no. 3 (2023): 1489–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.18.3.1265.

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Brain-targeted drug delivery is a field of research that seeks to develop new methods for delivering drugs to the brain. This is done by overcoming the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a network of cells that tightly regulate the flow of substances between the blood and the brain. Most of the time lipophilic drugs are easily cross blood brain barrier but few of them less soluble in lipid therefore they don’t cross the blood brain barrier. After review we concluded that we can easily improve the solubility of drug using various techniques and Brain-targeted drug delivery is a promising field of resea

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Priyadarshani, G. Patil, V. Marodkar Sampada, J. Dighade Sachin, N. Dongare Prajakta, and A. Borade Bhagyashri. "Innovative approach for nasal drug delivery system for brain target." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 9, no. 3 (2021): 093–106. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5813289.

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The goal of brain drug targeting technology is the delivery of therapeutics across the blood brain barrier (BBB), including the human BBB. Nose to brain drug delivery has received a great deal of attention as a non- invasive, convenient and reliable drug delivery system. For the systemic and targetedadministration of drug. The various drug deliveries through some drug transport pathways, Factor influencing nasal drug absorption, formulation strategies nose to brain, colloidal carriers in nose to brain drug delivery system and nasal delivery systems. Physiological barriers (BBB) that restricts

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Deepti R. Damle, Dr. Archana D. Kajale, Dr. Madhuri A. Channawar, and Dr. Shilpa R. Gawande. "A review: Brain specific delivery." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 13, no. 2 (2020): 068–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2020.13.2.0349.

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The overall prevalence rate for CNS pathology has demonstrated that approximately more than one billion people are undergoing from disorders of central nervous system. The most distressing fact about delivery of drugs to the CNS is the presence of blood brain barrier that have a tendency to impair the drug distribution and denotes the major impediment for the development of CNS drugs. Neuropeptides and many drugs which are hydrophilic in nature possibly will encompass the intricacy while passing the blood brain barrier. The net amount of delivered drug (medicinal agent) and its capability to g

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Lamsam, Layton, Eli Johnson, Ian D. Connolly, Max Wintermark, and Melanie Hayden Gephart. "A review of potential applications of MR-guided focused ultrasound for targeting brain tumor therapy." Neurosurgical Focus 44, no. 2 (2018): E10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2017.11.focus17620.

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Magnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) has been used extensively to ablate brain tissue in movement disorders, such as essential tremor. At a lower energy, MRgFUS can disrupt the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to allow passage of drugs. This focal disruption of the BBB can target systemic medications to specific portions of the brain, such as for brain tumors. Current methods to bypass the BBB are invasive, as the BBB is relatively impermeable to systemically delivered antineoplastic agents. Multiple healthy and brain tumor animal models have suggested that MRgFUS disrupts the BBB an

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Akshata, M. Girase, M. Mahale Bhupendra, A. Tadavi Sandip., Javesh. K. Patil Dr., and Sunila.A.Patil Dr. "Unlocking the Brain: Smart Drug Delivery Systems for Neurological Disorders." Journal of Advances in Experimental Therapeutics and Neurotherapeutics 2, no. 2 (2024): 28–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14258007.

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<em>The blood-brain barrier (BBB) poses a significant challenge in delivering drugs to the central nervous system (CNS), hindering the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as epilepsy and Alzheimer's. The BBB's restrictive properties, including tight junctions and efflux transporters, limit the passage of large and small molecular weight drugs, with only 2% of small molecular weight drugs able to cross the BBB. To overcome this hurdle, researchers have developed various strategies, including invasive and non-invasive techniques, such as nanoparticles and liposomes, which have shown pro

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Nguyen, Linh Thi-Thao, and Van-An Duong. "Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery." Encyclopedia 5, no. 3 (2025): 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia5030091.

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Nose-to-brain drug delivery is an innovative approach that leverages the unique anatomical pathways connecting the nasal cavity to the brain, including the olfactory and trigeminal nerve routes. This method bypasses the blood–brain barrier, enabling direct and efficient transport of therapeutic agents to the central nervous system. It offers significant advantages, such as rapid drug action, reduced systemic side effects, and improved patient compliance through non-invasive administration. This entry summarizes factors affecting the nose-to-brain delivery of drugs and the recent development of

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Sousa, Flávia. "Brain-Targeted Drug Delivery." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 9 (2022): 1835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14091835.

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At present, brain diseases affect one in six people worldwide, and they include a wide range of neurological diseases from Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases to epilepsy, brain injuries, brain cancer, neuroinfections and strokes [...]

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Airan, Raag. "Stimulating brain drug delivery." Science Translational Medicine 12, no. 564 (2020): eabe8119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.abe8119.

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Bodor, Nicholas, and Peter Buchwald. "Brain-Targeted Drug Delivery." American Journal of Drug Delivery 1, no. 1 (2003): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00137696-200301010-00002.

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Hoag, Hannah. "Drug delivery: Brain food." Nature 510, no. 7506 (2014): S6—S7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/510s6a.

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Jiang, Xinguo. "Brain Drug Delivery Systems." Pharmaceutical Research 30, no. 10 (2013): 2427–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11095-013-1148-7.

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Belmaker, R. H., and G. Agam. "Deep Brain Drug Delivery." Brain Stimulation 6, no. 3 (2013): 455–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2012.05.001.

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Giunchedi, Paolo, Elisabetta Gavini, and Maria Cristina Bonferoni. "Nose-to-Brain Delivery." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 2 (2020): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12020138.

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Nose-to-brain delivery represents a big challenge. In fact there is a large number of neurological diseases that require therapies in which the drug must reach the brain, avoiding the difficulties due to the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and the problems connected with systemic administration, such as drug bioavailability and side-effects. For these reasons the development of nasal formulations able to deliver the drug directly into the brain is of increasing importance. This Editorial regards the contributions present in the Special Issue “Nose-to-Brain Delivery”.

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Ainurofiq, Ahmad, Aji Prasetya, Bingah Ginanjar Rahayu, Muhammad Syayiq Al Qadri, Myrat Kovusov, and Ophira Evangelista Putri Laksono. "Recent Developments In Brain-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems via Intranasal Route." Farmacja Polska 78, no. 12 (2023): 695–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.32383/farmpol/163334.

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Diseases of the human nervous system such as neurological infections, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and other neurodegenerative diseases are severe pathological diseases and become a public health problem. Neurological disease in its treatment requires a drug distribution mechanism to reach the brain in sufficient quantities so that therapeutic effectiveness is achieved. This is very difficult to achieve with conventional treatment methods such as oral and injection because there are several obstacles in the process of drug distribution, one of which is an obstacle in the form of a Blood Brain Bar

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Ahmed, M. H., T. Naegele, S. Hilton, and G. Malliaras. "P07.05.A Implantable electrophoretic devices for local treatment of inoperable brain tumours." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_2 (2022): ii40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac174.137.

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Abstract Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumour in adults, with a median overall survival of fewer than 18 months after initial diagnosis. For over five decades, research has been focused on developing new anticancer therapies for GBM, including anti-neoplastic agents, molecular targeted drugs, immunotherapeutic approaches, and angiogenesis inhibiting compounds; however, the prognosis of patients has hardly improved and temozolomide remains the only chemotherapy shown to improve patient survival in randomized clinical trials. A fundamental limitation of the su

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Froelich, Anna, Tomasz Osmałek, Barbara Jadach, Vinam Puri, and Bozena Michniak-Kohn. "Microemulsion-Based Media in Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 2 (2021): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13020201.

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Nose-to-brain drug delivery has recently attracted enormous attention as an alternative to other delivery routes, including the most popular oral one. Due to the unique anatomical features of the nasal cavity, drugs administered intranasally can be delivered directly to the central nervous system. The most important advantage of this approach is the ability to avoid the blood–brain barrier surrounding the brain and blocking the entry of exogenous substances to the central nervous system. Moreover, selective brain targeting could possibly avoid peripheral side effects of pharmacotherapy. The ch

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Froelich, Anna, Tomasz Osmałek, Barbara Jadach, Vinam Puri, and Bożena Michniak-Kohn. "Microemulsion-Based Media in Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery." Pharmaceutics 13 (February 2, 2021): 201. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13020201.

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Nose-to-brain drug delivery has recently attracted enormous attention as an alternative to other delivery routes, including the most popular oral one. Due to the unique anatomical features of the nasal cavity, drugs administered intranasally can be delivered directly to the central nervous system. The most important advantage of this approach is the ability to avoid the blood–brain barrier surrounding the brain and blocking the entry of exogenous substances to the central nervous system. Moreover, selective brain targeting could possibly avoid peripheral side effects of pharmacotherapy.

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Masserini, Massimo. "Nanoparticles for Brain Drug Delivery." ISRN Biochemistry 2013 (May 21, 2013): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/238428.

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The central nervous system, one of the most delicate microenvironments of the body, is protected by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) regulating its homeostasis. BBB is a highly complex structure that tightly regulates the movement of ions of a limited number of small molecules and of an even more restricted number of macromolecules from the blood to the brain, protecting it from injuries and diseases. However, the BBB also significantly precludes the delivery of drugs to the brain, thus, preventing the therapy of a number of neurological disorders. As a consequence, several strategies are current

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Pandey, Manisha, Hira Choudhury, Rohit Kumar Verma, et al. "Nanoparticles Based Intranasal Delivery of Drug to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease: A Recent Update." CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 19, no. 9 (2020): 648–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527319999200819095620.

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Alzheimer Association Report (2019) stated that the 6th primary cause of death in the USA is Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), which leads to behaviour and cognitive impairment. Nearly 5.8 million peoples of all ages in the USA have suffered from this disease, including 5.6 million elderly populations. The statistics of the progression of this disease is similar to the global scenario. Still, the treatment of AD is limited to a few conventional oral drugs, which often fail to deliver an adequate amount of the drug in the brain. The reduction in the therapeutic efficacy of an anti-AD drug is due to poo

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Bonferoni, Maria, Silvia Rossi, Giuseppina Sandri, et al. "Nanoemulsions for “Nose-to-Brain” Drug Delivery." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 2 (2019): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11020084.

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The blood–brain barrier (BBB) plays a fundamental role in protecting the brain from toxic substances and therefore also controls and restricts the entry of therapeutic agents. The nasal administration of drugs using the nose-to-brain pathway allows direct drug targeting into the brain, avoiding the first-pass effect and bypassing the BBB. Through the nasal route, the drug can access the brain directly along the trigeminal and olfactory nerves, which are located in the upper part of the nasal cavity. Nanoemulsions are formulations belonging to the field of nanomedicine. They consist of emulsion

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Bire, Priyanka A., Harsha V. Sonaye, C. A. Doifode, and Preetesh C. Khekare. "The Brain Targeted Drug Delivery System." Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425) 3, no. 4 (2017): 01–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnmhs.v3i4.619.

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The brain is a delicate organ, and nature has very efficiently protected it. The drug accessibility to the central nervous system (CNS) is limited by the blood brain barrier (BBB). Various brain disorders are Parkinson, Alzheimer, Meningitis, Brain abscess, Epilepsy, Multiple sclerosis, Late-stage neurological trypanosomiasis (Sleeping sickness) etc. The management of brain related diseases with the present available therapeutic system is very difficult, as insufficient amount of drug reaches to the brain, due to highly lipophilic nature of blood-brain barrier (BBB). Drug delivery to the brain

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Akpinar Adscheid, Selin, Akif Emre Türeli, Nazende Günday-Türeli, and Marc Schneider. "Nanotechnological approaches for efficient N2B delivery: from small-molecule drugs to biopharmaceuticals." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 15 (November 12, 2024): 1400–1414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.15.113.

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Central nervous system diseases negatively affect patients and society. Providing successful noninvasive treatments for these diseases is challenging because of the presence of the blood–brain barrier. While protecting the brain’s homeostasis, the barrier limits the passage of almost all large-molecule drugs and most small-molecule drugs. A noninvasive method, nose-to-brain delivery (N2B delivery) has been proposed to overcome this challenge. By exploiting the direct anatomical interaction between the nose and the brain, the drugs can reach the target, the brain. Moreover, the drugs can be enc

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Jamal, Asad, Tian Yuan, Stefano Galvan, et al. "Insights into Infusion-Based Targeted Drug Delivery in the Brain: Perspectives, Challenges and Opportunities." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 6 (2022): 3139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23063139.

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Targeted drug delivery in the brain is instrumental in the treatment of lethal brain diseases, such as glioblastoma multiforme, the most aggressive primary central nervous system tumour in adults. Infusion-based drug delivery techniques, which directly administer to the tissue for local treatment, as in convection-enhanced delivery (CED), provide an important opportunity; however, poor understanding of the pressure-driven drug transport mechanisms in the brain has hindered its ultimate success in clinical applications. In this review, we focus on the biomechanical and biochemical aspects of in

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Nguyen, Thi-Thao-Linh, and Han-Joo Maeng. "Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Intranasal Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Nose-to-Brain Delivery." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 3 (2022): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14030572.

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Nose-to-brain drug delivery has been of great interest for the treatment of many central nervous system (CNS) diseases and psychiatric disorders over past decades. Several nasally administered formulations have been developed to circumvent the blood-brain barrier and directly deliver drugs to the CNS through the olfactory and trigeminal pathways. However, the nasal mucosa’s drug absorption is insufficient and the volume of the nasal cavity is small, which, in combination, make nose-to-brain drug delivery challenging. These problems could be minimized using formulations based on solid lipid nan

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Marcello, Elena, and Valeria Chiono. "Biomaterials-Enhanced Intranasal Delivery of Drugs as a Direct Route for Brain Targeting." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 4 (2023): 3390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043390.

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Intranasal (IN) drug delivery is a non-invasive and effective route for the administration of drugs to the brain at pharmacologically relevant concentrations, bypassing the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and minimizing adverse side effects. IN drug delivery can be particularly promising for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The drug delivery mechanism involves the initial drug penetration through the nasal epithelial barrier, followed by drug diffusion in the perivascular or perineural spaces along the olfactory or trigeminal nerves, and final extracellular diffusion throughout the brain

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Sardar, Ms Rajput Shital, and Dr Gajanan Sanap. "Intranasal Drug Delivery Systems for Neurodegenerative Diseases." International Journal of All Research Education and Scientific Methods 12, no. 12 (2024): 4278–90. https://doi.org/10.56025/ijaresm.2024.1212244278.

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An intriguing approach to drug delivery that has been proposed to improve neurodegenerative disease treatment is the intranasal route. This article serves as a summary of the methods used to treat neurodegenerative illnesses. With the potential to cure a number of neurodegenerative diseases, this nasal spray technique opens up new possibilities for the non-invasive delivery of therapeutic antibodies against tau directly to the brain. The way neurodegenerative diseases and related medications are treated may be significantly impacted by this advancement. Intranasal medication delivery is a new

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Onkar, Kalokhe* Sameer Bhilare Sangram Bandal Sourav Hagavane Shital Rokde Dr. Kishorotari. "Nanotechnology –Based Drug Delivery System." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 6 (2025): 46–55. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15569146.

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Nanoparticles having a huge potential for use as an effective medicine delivery system. In this post, we discussed recent developments in nanotechnology-based drug delivery. Nanotechnology has gained interest recently as a potential remedy for medical and gene delivery problems. Nanosystems with different compositions and biological properties have been thoroughly studied for the transportation of genes and medicines. Achieving effective drug delivery requires an understanding of how nanomaterials interact with the biological environment, including how they target cell-surface receptors, relea

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Rahul, Dhangar Kusumakar Patil Chandrakant Pardeshi. "DIRECT NOSE TO BRAIN DELIVERY OF NEUROTHERAPEUTICS- LOADED NANOEMULSION." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES o6, no. 05 (2019): 9154–63. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2682528.

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<em>The blood–brain barrier (BBB) plays a fundamental role in protecting the brain from toxic substances and therefore also controls and restricts the entry of therapeutic agents. The nasal administration of drugs using the nose-to-brain pathway allows direct drug targeting into the brain, avoiding the first-pass effect and bypassing the BBB. Through the nasal route, the drug can access the brain directly along the trigeminal and olfactory nerves, which are located in the upper part of the nasal cavity. Nanoemulsions are formulations belonging to the field of nanomedicine. They consist o

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Wang, Shuyu. "Abstract 1854: Neurotransmitter-derived lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for brain-targeted drug delivery." Cancer Research 85, no. 8_Supplement_1 (2025): 1854. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2025-1854.

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The treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders, brain tumors, brain infections, and stroke, is severely constrained by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) because it prevents the transfer of most of small-molecule drugs and macromolecules (e.g., peptides, gene drugs, and protein drugs) into the brain. We have developed a previously unknown class of neurotransmitter-derived lipidoids (NT-lipidoids) as simple and effective carriers for enhanced brain delivery of several BBB-impermeable cargos. Particularly, doping the NT-lipidoids into BBB-impermeable lipid

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Arora, Deepshi, Shailendra Bhatt, Manish Kumar, et al. "Intranasal Lipid Particulate Drug Delivery Systems: An Update on Clinical Challenges and Biodistribution Studies of Cerebroactive Drugs in Alzheimer’s disease." Current Pharmaceutical Design 26, no. 27 (2020): 3281–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200331085854.

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Background: Alzheimer is the primary cause of death in the various countries that affects wide strata of the population. The treatment of it is restricted to a few conventional oral medications that act only superficially. It is evident that the delivery of a drug to the brain across the blood-brain barrier is challenging as the BBB is armed with several efflux transporters like the P-glycoprotein as well as nasal mucociliary clearance adds up leading to decreased concentration and reduced therapeutic efficacy. Considering these, the intranasal IN route of drug administration is emerging as an

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Kim, Kibeom, Jungmin Lee, and Myoung-Hwan Park. "Microbubble Delivery Platform for Ultrasound-Mediated Therapy in Brain Cancers." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 2 (2023): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15020698.

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The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is one of the most selective endothelial barriers that protect the brain and maintains homeostasis in neural microenvironments. This barrier restricts the passage of molecules into the brain, except for gaseous or extremely small hydrophobic molecules. Thus, the BBB hinders the delivery of drugs with large molecular weights for the treatment of brain cancers. Various methods have been used to deliver drugs to the brain by circumventing the BBB; however, they have limitations such as drug diversity and low delivery efficiency. To overcome this challenge, microbubbl

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Upadhyay, Ravi Kant. "Drug Delivery Systems, CNS Protection, and the Blood Brain Barrier." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/869269.

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Present review highlights various drug delivery systems used for delivery of pharmaceutical agents mainly antibiotics, antineoplastic agents, neuropeptides, and other therapeutic substances through the endothelial capillaries (BBB) for CNS therapeutics. In addition, the use of ultrasound in delivery of therapeutic agents/biomolecules such as proline rich peptides, prodrugs, radiopharmaceuticals, proteins, immunoglobulins, and chimeric peptides to the target sites in deep tissue locations inside tumor sites of brain has been explained. In addition, therapeutic applications of various types of n

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Mhambi, Sinaye, David Fisher, Moise B. Tchoula Tchokonte, and Admire Dube. "Permeation Challenges of Drugs for Treatment of Neurological Tuberculosis and HIV and the Application of Magneto-Electric Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 9 (2021): 1479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13091479.

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The anatomical structure of the brain at the blood–brain barrier (BBB) creates a limitation for the movement of drugs into the central nervous system (CNS). Drug delivery facilitated by magneto-electric nanoparticles (MENs) is a relatively new non-invasive approach for the delivery of drugs into the CNS. These nanoparticles (NPs) can create localized transient changes in the permeability of the cells of the BBB by inducing electroporation. MENs can be applied to deliver antiretrovirals and antibiotics towards the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) infections

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