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Journal articles on the topic 'Drug elution'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Tzafriri, Abraham Rami, and Elazer Reuven Edelman. "Endovascular Drug Delivery and Drug Elution Systems." Interventional Cardiology Clinics 5, no. 3 (July 2016): 307–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.iccl.2016.02.007.

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2

Glickman, Marc. "Drug eluting grafts for hemodialysis access." Journal of Vascular Access 18, no. 1_suppl (March 2017): S53—S55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/jva.5000671.

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The development of new methods for drug elution of graft material, biofiber films and resurfacing of prosthetic graft surfaces offers new opportunities for improvement of graft function in arteriovenous (AV) access. Three areas of research include developing grafts that reduce the development of neointimal hyperplasia, reducing infection and reducing thrombogenicity. The only drug eluting graft presently being used, is the heparin coated expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) graft, which has been shown to decrease the incidence of early thrombosis. New drug eluting grafts include those with paclitaxel and those with antibiotics. The development of a hybrid coated prosthetic graft that can deliver targeted gene therapies holds great promise in the field.

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3

Jiang, Zhihua, John Kamerud, Minlei Zhang, Carlos Cabrera Ruiz, Crisanto Guadiz, Alexander Fichtner, and Boris Gorovits. "Strategies to develop highly drug-tolerant cell-based neutralizing antibody assay: neutralizing antidrug antibodies extraction and drug depletion." Bioanalysis 12, no. 18 (September 2020): 1279–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/bio-2020-0091.

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Aim: Drug interference poses great analytical challenges for cell-based neutralizing antidrug antibodies (NAb) assay. The work aimed to improve assay drug tolerance through biotin-drug extraction with acid dissociation method optimization and developing new approach. Results: The NAb extraction with biotin-drug extraction with acid dissociation approach has been optimized by reducing biotinylated drug leaching and improving NAb elution efficiency, resulting in drug tolerance of up to 160 μg/ml. To circumvent the low acid elution efficiency of NAb from drug, a novel drug depletion approach was developed, which combined acid dissociation and drug targeted crosslinked capture, achieved drug tolerance up to 400 μg/ml. At last, a strategy workflow for sample pretreatment approach selection and optimization was established for improving drug tolerance of NAb assay. Conclusion: We demonstrated that reduced biotinylated drug leaching and the high NAb elution efficiency was critical for improving assay drug tolerance. Drug depletion offers an alternative approach to overcome low NAb elution efficiency.

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4

Peretsmanas, E. O., A. A. Аrtyukhov, M. I. Shtilman, I. V. Esin, V. S. Zubikov, and I. A. Gerasimov. "Study of elution characteristics of anti-tuberculosis drugs mixed with bone cement." Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases 99, no. 4 (May 15, 2021): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21292/2075-1230-2021-99-4-30-35.

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The objective: to assess the elution characteristics of anti-tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid, cycloserine, rifampicin, amikacin, kanamycin, ethambutol) placed into bone cement samples and put in a liquid medium to determine the possibility of using such systems as a drug reservoir.Subjects and methods. For in vitro studies, pure substances of the drugs were used. The spectrophotometry was used to study the elution kinetics of the drugs. Absorption spectra of the drugs in the visible and ultraviolet regions were analyzed to reveal the absorption maxima, and the resistance of the chemical structure of the drugs to heating was assessed. Further, the changes of drug release from hardened bone cement samples under static conditions were studied.Results. It has been found that studied drugs demonstrated satisfactory parameters of thermal stability and elution which makes it possible to use them in a mixture with bone cement.

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5

Shand, James A., Vivek Kodoth, and Ian BA Menown. "Novel stent and drug elution technologies." Interventional Cardiology 3, no. 4 (August 2011): 473–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/ica.11.48.

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6

Zivelonghi, Carlo, Giulia Geremia, Michele Pighi, and Flavio Ribichini. "The Role of Stent Design and Polymers in Safety Outcomes – A Review." European Cardiology Review 8, no. 1 (2012): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15420/ecr.2012.8.1.63.

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Each component of a drug-eluting stent (DES) contributes to the safety of the device. Continuous efforts are being dedicated to the search of the optimal compromise between facility of use, safety and long-term efficacy. Shorter balloons reduce the vascular trauma beyond the stent struts; the metallic composition of the stent platform and the platform itself interact with the vascular wall in a long-lasting equilibrium between radial force, vessel patency and reparative cellular regrowth. The modality of drug elution is largely regulated by the chosen drug carrier, rather than by the chemical properties of the drug itself. Drug elution can be accomplished by permanent polymers that remain in the vessel wall forever, by biodegradable polymers that leave the naked metallic structure behind after their complete absorption, or even by direct release of the drug from stent reservoirs. The clinical performance of DESs has been exhaustively assessed in a large number of studies that have showed rapid and continuous improvements, from the first-generation DESs to the latest devices, based on substantial changes in stent design and polymer composition.

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7

Tanaka, Takuro, Koichiro Ikeda, Shuichi Yamamoto, and Noriko Yoshimoto. "Elution Profiles of Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Preparative Chromatography." MATEC Web of Conferences 333 (2021): 14001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133314001.

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Monoclonal antibody drug conjugate (ADCs) have received much attention as pharmaceutical agents for treating serious diseases such as cancer. However, it is difficult to separate them on the basis of the drug to antibody ratio, DAR. Hydrophobic chromatography (HIC) is commonly used for the analysis of the drug to antibody ratio, DAR. The retention of ADCs on HIC can be controlled by the hydrophobic nature of ADCs, depending on the mobile phase conditions. They are sometimes performed at the restricted conditions where the solubility is too low. Ion exchange chromatography (IEC) using electrostatic interaction is an orthogonal method to HIC. IEC is widely used because of its higher capacity than HIC. We investigated the retention behavior of the protein conjugated with surrogate drugs on IEC. The surrogate drugs employed are 7-diethylamino-3-(4’-maleimidylhenyl) 4-methylcoumarin (CPM), N-(1-pyrenyl) maleimide (NPM). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as a model protein. The molar ratio (CPM and NPM to protein) was set to 3. The maleimide group of CPM and NPM reacts with the thiol group of the proteins. On the linear gradient elution experiments, the elution salt concentrations of the conjugated and non-conjugated proteins were measured to obtain chromatographic parameter of the number of binding sites, B.

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8

Tanaka, Takuro, Koichiro Ikeda, Shuichi Yamamoto, and Noriko Yoshimoto. "Elution Profiles of Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Preparative Chromatography." MATEC Web of Conferences 333 (2021): 14001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133314001.

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Monoclonal antibody drug conjugate (ADCs) have received much attention as pharmaceutical agents for treating serious diseases such as cancer. However, it is difficult to separate them on the basis of the drug to antibody ratio, DAR. Hydrophobic chromatography (HIC) is commonly used for the analysis of the drug to antibody ratio, DAR. The retention of ADCs on HIC can be controlled by the hydrophobic nature of ADCs, depending on the mobile phase conditions. They are sometimes performed at the restricted conditions where the solubility is too low. Ion exchange chromatography (IEC) using electrostatic interaction is an orthogonal method to HIC. IEC is widely used because of its higher capacity than HIC. We investigated the retention behavior of the protein conjugated with surrogate drugs on IEC. The surrogate drugs employed are 7-diethylamino-3-(4’-maleimidylhenyl) 4-methylcoumarin (CPM), N-(1-pyrenyl) maleimide (NPM). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as a model protein. The molar ratio (CPM and NPM to protein) was set to 3. The maleimide group of CPM and NPM reacts with the thiol group of the proteins. On the linear gradient elution experiments, the elution salt concentrations of the conjugated and non-conjugated proteins were measured to obtain chromatographic parameter of the number of binding sites, B.

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9

Kalachev, L. V. "Modelling Simple Experimental Platform for In Vitro Study of Drug Elution from Drug Eluting Stents (DES)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 727 (June 2016): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/727/1/012005.

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10

Hagan, Alice, Marcus Caine, Cara Press, Wendy M. Macfarlane, Gary Phillips, Andrew W. Lloyd, Peter Czuczman, et al. "Predicting pharmacokinetic behaviour of drug release from drug-eluting embolization beads using in vitro elution methods." European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 136 (August 2019): 104943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejps.2019.05.021.

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11

Enmark, Martin, Joakim Bagge, Jörgen Samuelsson, Linda Thunberg, Eivor Örnskov, Hanna Leek, Fredrik Limé, and Torgny Fornstedt. "Analytical and preparative separation of phosphorothioated oligonucleotides: columns and ion-pair reagents." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 412, no. 2 (December 9, 2019): 299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-019-02236-9.

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AbstractOligonucleotide drugs represent an emerging area in the pharmaceutical industry. Solid-phase synthesis generates many structurally closely related impurities, making efficient separation systems for purification and analysis a key challenge during pharmaceutical drug development. To increase the fundamental understanding of the important preparative separation step, mass-overloaded injections of a fully phosphorothioated 16mer, i.e., deoxythymidine oligonucleotide, were performed on a C18 and a phenyl column. The narrowest elution profiles were obtained using the phenyl column, and the 16mer could be collected with high purity and yield on both columns. The most likely contribution to the successful purification was the quantifiable displacement of the early-eluting shortmers on both columns. In addition, the phenyl column displayed better separation of later-eluting impurities, such as the 17mer impurity. The mass-overloaded injections resulted in classical Langmuirian elution profiles on all columns, provided the concentration of the ion-pairing reagent in the eluent was sufficiently high. Two additional column chemistries, C4 and C8, were also investigated in terms of their selectivity and elution profile characteristics for the separation of 5–20mers fully phosphorothioated deoxythymidine oligonucleotides. When using triethylamine as ion-pairing reagent to separate phosphorothioated oligonucleotides, we observed peak broadening caused by the partial separation of diastereomers, predominantly seen on the C4 and C18 columns. When using the ion-pair reagent tributylamine, to suppress diastereomer separation, the greatest selectivity was found using the phenyl column followed by C18. The present results will be useful when designing and optimizing efficient preparative separations of synthetic oligonucleotides.

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12

Merciadez, M., L. Alquier, R. Mehta, A. Patel, and A. Wang. "A Novel Method for the Elution of Sirolimus (Rapamycin) in Drug-Eluting Stents." Dissolution Technologies 18, no. 4 (2011): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14227/dt180411p37.

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13

Kawai, Tomoko, Hisashi Umeda, Masaya Ota, Kousuke Hattori, Makoto Ishikawa, Masanori Okumura, Shino Kan, et al. "Do drug elution components increase the risk of fracture of sirolimus-eluting stents?" Coronary Artery Disease 21, no. 5 (August 2010): 298–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mca.0b013e32833aa6a1.

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14

Morino, Yoshihiro. "Modifying the Drug Elution Profile for Neointimal Control." Circulation Journal 74, no. 10 (2010): 2054–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1253/circj.cj-10-0796.

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15

Micari, Antonio, and Roberto Nerla. "Needle-Delivered Drug Elution in Femoral Artery Disease." JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions 11, no. 10 (May 2018): 932–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcin.2018.01.236.

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16

Jones, Alexander, Abhyuday Mandal, and Suraj Sharma. "Antibacterial and Drug Elution Performance of Thermoplastic Blends." Journal of Polymers and the Environment 26, no. 1 (January 5, 2017): 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10924-016-0924-y.

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17

Chen, I.-Cheng, Chen-Ying Su, Wei-Han Nien, Tzu-Tien Huang, Chang-Hung Huang, Yung-Chang Lu, Yu-Jen Chen, Gwo-Che Huang, and Hsu-Wei Fang. "Influence of Antibiotic-Loaded Acrylic Bone Cement Composition on Drug Release Behavior and Mechanism." Polymers 13, no. 14 (July 8, 2021): 2240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13142240.

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Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication after total joint replacement with considerable morbidity and large economic burdens. Antibiotic-Loaded Bone Cement (ALBC) has been developed as a valuable tool for local administration and is becoming one of the most effective methods for the prevention and treatment of orthopedic infections. Controlling antibiotic release from ALBC is critical to achieve effective infection control, however, the antibiotic elution rates are generally low, and the mechanisms are poorly understood. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the effects of the basic acrylic bone cement components, including liquid/powder (monomer-to-polymer) ratios, radiopacifier, initiator, and doses of antibiotics on the porosity, antibiotic elution rates and mechanical properties of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) based ALBC. The obtained results from the in vitro studies suggested that a reduction in the liquid/powder ratio and an increase in the radiopacifier ratio and gentamicin doses led to increased porosity and release of antibiotic, while the initiator ratio exerted no effect on elution rates. In conclusion, we hope that by varying the composition of ALBC, we could considerably enhance the antibiotic elution rates by increasing porosity, while maintaining an adequate mechanical strength of the bone cements. This finding might provide insights into controlling antibiotic release from ALBC to achieve effective infection control after total joint replacement surgery.

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18

Gonzalez, M. Victoria, Yiqing Tang, Gary J. Phillips, Andrew W. Lloyd, Brenda Hall, Peter W. Stratford, and Andrew L. Lewis. "Doxorubicin eluting beads—2: methods for evaluating drug elution and in-vitro:in-vivo correlation." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 19, no. 2 (July 25, 2007): 767–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10856-006-0040-y.

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19

Lin, Yi-Chia, Kuo-Sheng Liu, Demei Lee, Min-Jhan Li, Shih-Jung Liu, and Hiroshi Ito. "In Vivo and In Vitro Elution of Analgesics from Multilayered Poly(D,L)-lactide-co-glycolide Nanofibers Incorporated Ureteral Stents." Journal of Nanomaterials 2018 (March 7, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4943210.

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We develop novel analgesic-eluting nanofiber-incorporated ureteral stents that offer sustained release of lidocaine and ketorolac for local drug delivery. Lidocaine and poly(D,L)-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) were dissolved in hexafluoroisopropanol and were electrospun into nonwoven nanofibers onto the surface of ureteral stents. This was followed by electrospinning of another layer of PLGA nanofibers containing ketorolac. Electrospun drug-loaded nanofibers were then characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and water contact angle analysis. In addition, the elution behavior characteristics of the analgesics, both in vivo and in vitro, from the nanofiber-incorporated stents were evaluated. Experimental results indicate that the analgesic-eluting ureteral stents could liberate high strengths of analgesics in vitro and in vivo for at least 50 and 30 days, respectively. The analgesic-eluting nanofiber-incorporated ureteral stents are potentially applicable for alleviating the discomfort associated with stent implant.

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20

Kuhn, Frederick A., Christopher T. Melroy, Howard L. Levine, and Andrew J. Diamond. "Drug-Eluting Spacer for Chronic Ethmoid Sinusitis Treatment." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (August 2008): P75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.241.

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Objective The objective of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of managing chronic ethmoid sinusitis with an implantable drug-eluting spacer filled with triamcinolone acetate. Methods 13 patients with chronic ethmoid sinusitis had drug-eluting spacers inserted on 22 sides under fluoroscopic guidance. The spacers were filled with triamcinolone acetate and their position was checked fluoroscopically. The spacers remained in place for 2–4 weeks. The measured post-treatment outcomes were SNOT-20 and Lund-MacKay CT scores. Serum triamcinolone levels were measured and complications were monitored. Results All patients demonstrated a reduction in post-treatment LMK score; the average ethmoid sinus score decreased from 3.9 to 1.6 (59% reduction) (p<0.001). Average SNOT-20 scores changed from 1.91 to 1.12, a clinical and statistically significant reduction from baseline (p<0.001). Drug plasma testing did not demonstrate presence of drug in all samples tested; however, drug was detected in a majority, suggesting drug elution. One patient experienced epistaxis 1 week after surgery at the retention suture site. There were no orbital or intracranial injuries. Conclusions This study introduces a catheter-based, self-retaining temporary drug-eluting spacer as an alternative to ethmoidectomy for chronic ethmoid sinusitis treatment. The spacer has a perforated balloon membrane, specifically designed to allow the slow local delivery of a low corticosteroid dose over an extended time period. The spacers were delivered safely and there was significant resolution of ethmoid sinus disease without surgically removing the sinuses.

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SWANSON, Neil, Qamar JAVED, Kai HOGREFE, and Anthony GERSHLICK. "Human internal mammary artery organ culture model of coronary stenting: a novel investigation of smooth muscle cell response to drug-eluting stents." Clinical Science 103, no. 4 (August 27, 2002): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs1030347.

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Local drug delivery by coronary stents is of current research interest. Organ culture of human vascular tissue is a model of intimal hyperplasia. We report an ex vivo organ culture model of stented vessels. This allows stent–artery interactions to be studied in living tissue. The recognized anti-restenosis agent paclitaxel was chosen to test the organ culture model. Mammary artery specimens were cultured ‘closed’ (i.e. without opening them flat) for 72h. Phosphocholine-coated stents, half of them loaded with the anti-restenosis drug paclitaxel, were implanted. The absorption and elution characteristics of paclitaxel were established. Artery tissue remained viable at 72h when cultured closed, despite stent implantation. Specimens developed smooth muscle cell proliferation. The stents absorbed up to 127±29μg of paclitaxel, with a biphasic elution curve. A mean of 13% of the absorbed paclitaxel remained after a 24h perfusion. In mammary artery, these paclitaxel stents reduced or abolished smooth muscle cell proliferation compared with controls. This model allows the effects of stenting on human arterial tissue to be studied for at least 72h, long enough to demonstrate effects on smooth muscle cell proliferation. Phosphocholine-coated stents absorb adequate doses of paclitaxel, which is eluted gradually, inhibiting muscle cell proliferation. Such an organ culture model of stented mammary artery will provide useful data in addition to that from animal or cell culture models of drug-eluting stents.

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22

Vardhani Devi, Duggirala Parvatha Venkata, Kapavarapu Maruthi Venkata Narayanarao, Pulipaka Shyamala, Rallabhandi Murali Krishna, and Komali Siva Prasad. "HPLC Estimation of New Impurity Methyl Ezetimibe in Ezetimibe Drug." Asian Journal of Chemistry 32, no. 6 (2020): 1309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22533.

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A new gradient elution mode HPLC method was developed and validated to detect and monitor the novel impurity namely methyl ezitimibe in ezetimibe drug substances. Chromatographic detection and analysis of methyl ezetimibe was performed on XBridge C18 column with mobile phase consisting of 0.02 M phosphate buffer (pH 5) and acetonitrile with 1 mL/min flow rate in gradient elution mode. Methyl ezetimibe was detected and monitored at 248 nm. The calibration curve was linear over range of 0.015 to 0.219% concentration. The limit of detection and quantification were computed as 0.005% (signal to noise ratio 3.60) and 0.015% (signal to noise ratio 15.96), respectively. The precision was 0.97% (%RSD) and accuracy was 93.2 to 98.2% (recovery). The developed method was proved suitable to detect and monitor methyl ezetimibe impurity in ezetimibe drug substances.

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23

Lafont, Antoine, and Eric Durand. "A.R.T.: concept of a bioresorbable stent without drug elution." EuroIntervention 5, F (December 2009): F83—F87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4244/eijv5ifa14.

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24

Migliavacca, F., F. Gervaso, M. Prosi, P. Zunino, S. Minisini, L. Formaggia, and G. Dubini. "Expansion and drug elution model of a coronary stent." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 10, no. 1 (February 2007): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10255840601071087.

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25

Melroy, Christopher T., and Frederick A. Kuhn. "Safety of Ethmoid Sinus Drug-Eluting Catheter Insertion." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (August 2008): P108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.544.

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Problem The objective is to develop an instrument which allows a drug-eluting catheter to be safely and reproducibly inserted into the ethmoid sinuses. Methods A trochar-based insertion device was designed to allow delivery of a drug-eluting catheter into the anterior and posterior ethmoid sinuses. It was inserted into 12 cadaveric ethmoid sinuses under endoscopic and fluoroscopic guidance. CT scans were performed pre-, intra-, and post-procedure. The device's position was analyzed and the proximity to the skull base, lamina papyracea, and ethmoid face was measured. The specimens were then dissected and evaluated for skull base, sphenoid face, or lamina papyracea injury. Results The drug eluting catheter system was successfully inserted into the ethmoid sinuses of all 12 cadaver sides without injury to either the medial orbital wall or the skull base as confirmed by post-procedure CT scan and dissection. The final position of the distal tip of the stent averaged 8.1mm (RMS = 3.3) from the skull base, 5.6mm (RMS=3.5) from the sphenoid face, and 5.0mm (RMS=3.5) from the lamina papyracea; the proximal tip was at the face of the ethmoid bulla and 17.1mm (RMS=3.5) below the skull base. Conclusion This study demonstrates that a trochar-based instrument can safely and reproducibly introduce a drug-eluting catheter into the ethmoid sinuses without skull base or lamina papyracea injury. This device may allow safe topical drug delivery into the ethmoid sinuses and provide chronic ethmoid sinusitis patients an alternative to ethmoidectomy. Significance The primary surgical therapy for chronic ethmoid sinusitis is ethmoidectomy; topical therapy has been widely used in the management of chronic ethmoid sinusitis only after ethmoidectomy. This study shows a drug-eluting catheter can be safely and reliably inserted into virgin ethmoid sinuses in order to allow the topical elution of medications into the ethmoids without ethmoidectomy. Support Acclarent supplied cadaveric specimens.

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Shayganpour, Amirreza, Marco Salerno, Barbara Salis, and Silvia Dante. "Towards a single bioactive substrate combining SERS-effect and drug release control based on thin anodic porous alumina coated with gold and with lipid bilayers." MRS Advances 2, no. 30 (2017): 1597–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.676.

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ABSTRACTThin anodic porous alumina (tAPA), engineered by electrochemical anodization of aluminum and post-fabrication etching, has already shown surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity, after overcoating with a thin gold film. On the other hand, the tAPA nanoporous surface, which is biocompatible and presents controlled roughness, has been extensively investigated as a substrate for living cell cultures. Here, we are interested in exploiting the nanoporosity of tAPA as a drug reservoir and demonstrating drug-delivery capabilities of these substrates which can be combined with the above cell-seeding and SERS activities. We focused on the loading/elution of a test drug, the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and analgesic molecule Diclofenac. We carried out pore loading of differently concentrated aqueous solutions of the test drug, and characterized the elution profiles by UV-Vis absorbance, using the lipid bilayers coated on the top surface as a mechanism for retarded elution from the pores, providing a more sustained release. We also demonstrated that, by changing an environmental parameter such as the pH, we can trigger an increased release of the drug. Additionally, we investigated the tAPA adsorption properties by quartz crystal microbalance technique with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). For the purpose, anodization was carried out on an Al-coated quartz, which resulted in successful fabrication of tAPA on the sensor. Finally, the process of lipid bilayer formation on the nanoporous sensor, as well as the test drug loading, was demonstrated by QCM-D.

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27

Moon, Kyung-Suk, Ji-Myung Bae, Sungho Jin, and Seunghan Oh. "Infrared-Mediated Drug Elution Activity of Gold Nanorod-Grafted TiO2Nanotubes." Journal of Nanomaterials 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/750813.

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The purpose of this research was to prepare gold nanorod- (GNR-) grafted TiO2nanotubes by thiolactic acid treatment and evaluate remote-controlled drug elution and antibacterial activity by infrared (IR) light irradiation. Tetracycline used as an antibiotic was loaded into GNR-grafted TiO2nanotubes by using 2 w/v% polylactic acid solutions. A near-IR laser (830 nm) was used for remote-controlled IR light irradiation. Results of SEM, TEM, XRD, and EDX revealed that GNR chemically bonded to the whole surface of the TiO2nanotubes. An antibiotic release test revealed that on-off drug elution was triggered effectively by the photothermal effect of GNR grafted on TiO2nanotubes. Furthermore, an antibacterial agar zone test indicated that the annihilated zone ofStreptococcus mutansin the experimental group with IR light irradiation was significantly larger than that of the corresponding group without IR light irradiation (P<0.05). Therefore, GNR-grafted TiO2nanotubes would be expected to extend the limited usage of TiO2, which show photocatalytic activity only within the ultraviolet (UV) to IR region, thereby allowing the development of novel fusion technologies in the field of implant materials.

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Hakkimane, Sushruta S., and Bharath Raja Guru. "NANO FORMULATION ANALYSIS: ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT OF ISONIAZID AND SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ANTI-TUBERCULAR DRUGS ISONIAZID AND RIFAMPICIN BY RP-HPLC." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 5 (May 1, 2017): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i5.17582.

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Objective: The objective of the study was to develop and validate a simple and reproducible reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography (RPHPLC) method for hydrophilic drug isoniazid (INH) to apply for the analysis of the INH in nanoparticle drug formulations. Furthermore, to estimate simultaneously rifampicin (RIF) and INH in combined form.Methods: Isocratic elution with 10 minutes runtime on a C-18 Luna, 5 μ, 100Å, 150 mm column, methanol, and water as mobile phase with detection wavelength at 268 nm was used. INH nanoformulations were prepared by double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. Quantitative analysis of encapsulated drug was estimated via developed RP-HPLC method. Simultaneous estimation for the two drugs was carried out by gradient elution. All chromatographic separation and estimations were obtained on Shimadzu HPLC system.Results: INH eluted with a short retention time (RT) of 4.06 minutes. Method showed good linearity in the range of concentrations 0.01-100 μg/ml. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for INH was 0.03 and 0.12 μg/mL, respectively, and developed method has been successfully applied for the analysis of drugs in nanoparticle formulations. Simultaneous estimation of antitubercular drugs INH and RIF showed two separate peaks within specified runtime.Conclusion: Developed method showed good resolved peaks. Since the RT is short, in a shorter duration more samples could be completed and developed method will be easy for analyzing greater number of samples. Analysis of nanoformulation results have shown that this method is simple, reliable, reproducible, hence can be applied for drug delivery analysis.Keywords: Antitubercular drugs, Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, Analytical method development.

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Shinde, Sandip S., Kim-Viktoria Bolik, Simone Maschauer, and Olaf Prante. "18F-Fluorination Using Tri-Tert-Butanol Ammonium Iodide as Phase-Transfer Catalyst: An Alternative Minimalist Approach." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 9 (August 24, 2021): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14090833.

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The 18F syntheses of tracers for positron emission tomography (PET) typically require several steps, including extraction of [18F]fluoride from H2[18O]O, elution, and drying, prior to nucleophilic substitution reaction, being a laborious and time-consuming process. The elution of [18F]fluoride is commonly achieved by phase transfer catalysts (PTC) in aqueous solution, which makes azeotropic drying indispensable. The ideal PTC is characterized by a slightly basic nature, its capacity to elute [18F]fluoride with anhydrous solvents, and its efficient complex formation with [18F]fluoride during subsequent labeling. Herein, we developed tri-(tert-butanol)-methylammonium iodide (TBMA-I), a quaternary ammonium salt serving as the PTC for 18F-fluorination reactions. The favorable elution efficiency of [18F]fluoride using TBMA-I was demonstrated with aprotic and protic solvents, maintaining high 18F-recoveries of 96–99%. 18F-labeling reactions using TBMA-I as PTC were studied with aliphatic 1,3-ditosylpropane and aryl pinacol boronate esters as precursors, providing 18F-labeled products in moderate-to-high radiochemical yields. TBMA-I revealed adequate properties for application to 18F-fluorination reactions and could be used for elution of [18F]fluoride with MeOH, omitting an additional base and azeotropic drying prior to 18F-labeling. We speculate that the tert-alcohol functionality of TBMA-I promotes intermolecular hydrogen bonding, which enhances the elution efficiency and stability of [18F]fluoride during nucleophilic 18F-fluorination.

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Mandal, Akash Pradip, and Prashanta Kumar Mandal. "Drug elution model of coronary stent: effects of stent embedment and binding of drug." International Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Technology 20, no. 2 (2016): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbet.2016.074200.

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Issın, Ahmet. "Simple method for increasing drug elution from polymethylmethacrylate bone cement." Joint Diseases and Related Surgery 28, no. 2 (August 1, 2017): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5606/ehc.2017.54840.

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FitzGerald, James J. "Suppression of scarring in peripheral nerve implants by drug elution." Journal of Neural Engineering 13, no. 2 (January 29, 2016): 026006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/13/2/026006.

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Hose, D. R., A. J. Narracott, B. Griffiths, S. Mahmood, J. Gunn, D. Sweeney, and P. V. Lawford. "A Thermal Analogy for Modelling Drug Elution from Cardiovascular Stents." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 7, no. 5 (October 2004): 257–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10255840412331303140.

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Spiliopoulos, Stavros, Nikiforos Vasiniotis Kamarinos, and Elias Brountzos. "Current evidence of drug-elution therapy for infrapopliteal arterial disease." World Journal of Cardiology 11, no. 1 (January 26, 2019): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4330/wjc.v11.i1.13.

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Kim, Wan-Tae, and Won-Youl Choi. "Optical Interference of TiO2 Nanotube Arrays for Drug Elution Sensing." Science of Advanced Materials 10, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2018.2971.

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Tzafriri, Abraham R., Adam Groothuis, G. Sylvester Price, and Elazer R. Edelman. "Stent elution rate determines drug deposition and receptor-mediated effects." Journal of Controlled Release 161, no. 3 (August 2012): 918–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.05.039.

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Abjean, J. P. "Screening of Chloramphenicol Residues in Pork Muscle by Planar Chromatography." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 77, no. 5 (September 1, 1994): 1101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/77.5.1101.

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Abstract A rapid planar chromatographic method is described for the qualitative determination of chloramphenicol residues in muscle. The drug is extracted with ethyl acetate and purified by solid-phase extraction. After elution, the collected phase is evaporated to dryness. The residue is dissolved in methanol, spotted on a silica gel plate, and chromato-graphed. After elution, the chloramphenicol is visualized after reduction with fluorescamine. This method detects chloramphenicol in meat at 10 μg/kg and has a sample throughput of about 25 samples per analyst per day.

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Guo, Peng, Qiucheng Liang, Juntao Zheng, Jinmin Chen, Yanping Guan, Liang Ding, Fulin Jiang, et al. "Simultaneous determination of canrenone, digoxin and tolvaptan by UHPLC–MS/MS: application in heart failure patients." Bioanalysis 12, no. 9 (May 2020): 569–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/bio-2020-0037.

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Aim: Heart failure patients are frequently given comedication of digoxin and diuretics like spironolactone and tolvaptan. A UHPLC–MS/MS assay for determining canrenone (main active metabolite of spironolactone), digoxin and tolvaptan simultaneously should be developed so as to support related drug–drug interaction studies. Results: A UHPLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of these three drugs in human plasma was established and fully verified as per CFDA guidelines. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a 4-min isocratic elution. Mass analyses were performed under positive electrospray ionization mode. The calibration curves were established over 1.0–400.0 ng/ml for canrenone and tolvaptan while over 0.1–40.0 ng/ml for digoxin. Conclusion: The developed method was feasible in detecting concentration and related drug–drug interaction studies.

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Lai, Chi-Kong, Ting Lee, Kam-Ming Au, and Albert Yan-Wo Chan. "Uniform solid-phase extraction procedure for toxicological drug screening in serum and urine by HPLC with photodiode-array detection." Clinical Chemistry 43, no. 2 (February 1, 1997): 312–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/43.2.312.

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Abstract In this HPLC–diode-array detection method for toxicological drug screening, a mixed-mode solid-phase extraction procedure is optimized for isolation of a broad range of drugs from serum and urine. Basic, neutral, and weakly acidic drugs are uniformly recovered. The extract from the solid-phase cartridge is readily injected to a reversed-phase HPLC column for separation by gradient elution. Unknown drugs and metabolites in urine and serum samples from acute drug poisoning cases are rapidly identified by matching their retention times and ultraviolet spectra with hundreds of reference compounds in the library. Urine metabolites of common toxicants from various medications and drugs of abuse are recorded, with their changes of retention times and ultraviolet spectra as related to their metabolic transformations. Glucuronide conjugates of common benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants, and beta-blockers are examined directly without chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis. The system is reliable for diverse clinical investigations of drug overdoses, drug-induced psychoses, and substance abuse.

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Di Trani, Nicola, Antonia Silvestri, Yu Wang, Danilo Demarchi, Xuewu Liu, and Alessandro Grattoni. "Silicon Nanofluidic Membrane for Electrostatic Control of Drugs and Analytes Elution." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 7 (July 19, 2020): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12070679.

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Individualized long-term management of chronic pathologies remains an elusive goal despite recent progress in drug formulation and implantable devices. The lack of advanced systems for therapeutic administration that can be controlled and tailored based on patient needs precludes optimal management of pathologies, such as diabetes, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis. Several triggered systems for drug delivery have been demonstrated. However, they mostly rely on continuous external stimuli, which hinder their application for long-term treatments. In this work, we investigated a silicon nanofluidic technology that incorporates a gate electrode and examined its ability to achieve reproducible control of drug release. Silicon carbide (SiC) was used to coat the membrane surface, including nanochannels, ensuring biocompatibility and chemical inertness for long-term stability for in vivo deployment. With the application of a small voltage (≤ 3 V DC) to the buried polysilicon electrode, we showed in vitro repeatable modulation of membrane permeability of two model analytes—methotrexate and quantum dots. Methotrexate is a first-line therapeutic approach for rheumatoid arthritis; quantum dots represent multi-functional nanoparticles with broad applicability from bio-labeling to targeted drug delivery. Importantly, SiC coating demonstrated optimal properties as a gate dielectric, which rendered our membrane relevant for multiple applications beyond drug delivery, such as lab on a chip and micro total analysis systems (µTAS).

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Kim, Wan-Tae, Kyeong-Han Na, Jae-Kwan Lee, Insan Jang, Dong-Soon Choi, and Won-Youl Choi. "Porous TiO2 Nanotube Arrays for Drug Loading and Their Elution Sensing." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 19, no. 3 (March 1, 2019): 1743–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2019.16243.

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42

Oh, Seunghan, Kyung-Suk Moon, Joo-Hee Moon, Ji-Myung Bae, and Sungho Jin. "Visible Light Irradiation-Mediated Drug Elution Activity of Nitrogen-Doped TiO2Nanotubes." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/802318.

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We have developed nitrogen-dopedTiO2nanotubes showing photocatalytic activity in the visible light region and have investigated the triggered release of antibiotics from these nanotubes in response to remote visible light irradiation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations indicated that the structure ofTiO2nanotubes was not destroyed on the conditions of 0.05 and 0.1 M diethanolamine treatment. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed that nitrogen, in the forms of nitrite (NO2-) and nitrogen monoxide (NO), had been incorporated into theTiO2nanotube surface. A drug-release test revealed that the antibiotic-loadedTiO2nanotubes showed sustained and prolonged drug elution with the help of polylactic acid. Visible light irradiation tests showed that the antibiotic release from nitrogen-dopedTiO2nanotubes was significantly higher than that from pureTiO2nanotubes (P<0.05).

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Parks, Owen W., and Robert C. Doerr. "Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Zoalene and Its Metabolites in Chicken Tissues with Electrochemical Detection." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 69, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 70–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/69.1.70.

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Abstract A procedure is described for the quantitation of Zoalene (3,5-dinitro-o-toluamide) and its 2 major monoamino metabolites in chicken tissues. The method includes blender extraction of tissue with chloroformethyl acetate (1 + 1), adsorption of the drug and metabolites on neutral alumina, and subsequent elution of the residues with pH 3.5 formate buffer-methanol (6.5 + 3.5). Recovered residues were separated on a 5 μ C18 column with the alumina eluting solvent as the LC mobile phase. The parent drug and metabolites were detected and quantitated with an electrochemical detector in the reductive mode with a minimum level of reliable measurement of 0.1 ppm. Overall mean recoveries greater than 85% were obtained with Zoalene and its 2 monoamino metabolites in breast, thigh, and liver tissues fortified with 0.25-2.00 ppm. The results on tissues from chickens fed a diet containing 0.0125% Zoalene are presented.

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MATHIVANAR, RANJINI, NEIL ANDERSON, DEIRDRE HARMAN, MICHAEL SKALSKY, and MICHAEL NG. "In Vivo Elution Rate of Drug Eluting Ceramic Leads with a Reduced Dose of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate." Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 13, no. 12 (December 1990): 1883–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.1990.tb06909.x.

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45

Chow, Benjamin, Alex Baume, Peter Lok, Jake Cao, Nick Coleman, Andrew Ruys, and Philip Boughton. "Development of 3D Antibiotic-Eluting Bioresorbable Scaffold with Attenuating Envelopes." Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering 15 (October 2012): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbte.15.55.

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Thick Section 3D Bioresorbable Scaffolds Are Proposed as a Potential Alternative to Biologic Skin Grafts and Supportive Fillers for Non-Healing Chronic Wound Ulcers. Synthetic Bioresorbable Scaffolds Avoid Human and Animal Derived Contamination Risks, Provide Feasible Shelf Life, Availability and Cost, and Act as a Consistent Platform for Localized Drug Elution. A Bioresorbable Polyester-Based Scaffold (Infilon™) Was Investigated as a Drug Delivery Vehicle for Chloramphenicol Antibiotic (CAP) Combined with a Bioactive Envelope. the Effect of Varying Envelope Protocols on Antibiotic Elution Profile and Antimicrobial Potency on Scaffolds Were Analysed. the Maximum Antibiotic Loading Efficiency of the Scaffold Was 10.18% W/w. the Antibiotic Elution Profile Showed that the Burst Phase Lasted One Hour Subsequent to a Sustained Phase Approaching near Asymptotic Release. Envelope Permutations of Bulk Metallic Glass (BMG) and Bioglass 45S5 Reduced the Total Amount of Antibiotic Released by 1 to 1.8 Mg while the Polyethylene Oxide Envelope Extended the Burst Phase to 2 Hours. CAP Loaded Scaffolds Demonstrated Antimicrobial Effectiveness for 24 Hours. Results Show Potential for the Infilon™ Scaffold to Be Used as a Platform for Localized Antibiotic Delivery. Delivery Profiles Can Be Enhanced with Additional BMG or Bioglass Envelopes. this Approach Has Opportunity to Provide a Synergistic Coupling of Antimicrobial Action and the Harbouring of Granular Tissue Subsequent to Final Wound Healing.

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Ganz, Cornelia, and Thomas Gerber. "Bone Substitutes as a Drug Delivery of Antibiotics." Key Engineering Materials 631 (November 2014): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.631.321.

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The aim of the present study was the in vitro investigation of a synthetic bone graft substitute loaded with individual antibiotics for the treatment of osteomyelitis and infectious bone disease. The elution of gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, from the NanoBone® products NanoBone® S granules (NBG) and lyophilized NanoBone® (NBP) putty was tested over a period of one week. An indirect photometrically-based detection system was used to measure the released antibiotic concentration. Both materials showed very different release behaviour. After one day lyophilized NanoBone® putty delivered 100% of the gentamicin value, whereas NanoBone® S granules released one-fifth of the used gentamicin level.

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Anderson, N., W. J. Buykx, E. Drabarek, R. Mathivanar, K. D. Reeve, and M. Skalsky. "Drug Elution form Porous Ceramic Components for Threshold Reduction in Pacemaker Applications." Key Engineering Materials 53-55 (January 1991): 120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.53-55.120.

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Hooker, Jared B., and Beau M. Hawkins. "Critical limb ischemia update and the evolving role of drug-elution technologies." Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy 15, no. 12 (November 27, 2017): 891–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14779072.2017.1408409.

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Laurenti, Marco, Marta Grochowicz, Elena Dragoni, Marco Carofiglio, Tania Limongi, and Valentina Cauda. "Biodegradable and Drug-Eluting Inorganic Composites Based on Mesoporous Zinc Oxide for Urinary Stent Applications." Materials 13, no. 17 (August 29, 2020): 3821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13173821.

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Conventional technologies for ureteral stent fabrication suffer from major inconveniences such as the development of encrustations and bacteria biofilm formation. These drawbacks typically lead to the failure of the device, significant patient discomfort and an additional surgery to remove and replace the stent in the worst cases. This work focuses on the preparation of a new nanocomposite material able to show drug elution properties, biodegradation and eventually potential antibacterial activity. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) or the crosslinked poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-co-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels were prepared by the radical polymerization method and combined with a biodegradable and antibacterial filling agent, i.e., flower-like Zinc Oxide (ZnO) micropowders obtained via the hydrothermal route. The physico-chemical analyses revealed the correct incorporation of ZnO within the hydrogel matrix and its highly mesoporous structure and surface area, ideal for drug incorporation. Two different anti-inflammatory drugs (Ibuprofen and Diclofenac) were loaded within each composite and the release profile was monitored up to two weeks in artificial urine (AU) and even at different pH values in AU to simulate pathological conditions. The addition of mesoporous ZnO micropowders to the hydrogel did not negatively affect the drug loading properties of the hydrogel and it was successfully allowed to mitigate undesirable burst-release effects. Furthermore, the sustained release of the drugs over time was observed at neutral pH, with kinetic constants (k) as low as 0.05 h−1. By exploiting the pH-tunable swelling properties of the hydrogel, an even more sustained release was achieved in acidic and alkaline conditions especially at short release times, with a further reduction of burst effects (k ≈ 0.01–0.02 h−1). The nanocomposite system herein proposed represents a new material formulation for preparing innovative drug eluting stents with intrinsic antibacterial properties.

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Kita, Ashley, Johnny Saldate, Courtney Chang, Nitika Chellappa, Jeremy Jong, Riley Matsuda, Andrew Schmidt, et al. "Implantable Drug Reservoir Devices for Inner Ear Delivery of Pharmacotherapeutics." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 163, no. 4 (June 2, 2020): 791–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599820930229.

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Objective Cisplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic drug that secondarily induces toxicity in inner ear sensory epithelia, contributing to auditory and vestibular dysfunction. We describe the creation of a drug reservoir device (DRD) to combat this ototoxicity for the duration of chemotherapy. As ototoxic side effects of chemotherapy may limit an oncologist’s ability to prescribe first-line agents such as cisplatin, mitigating such devastating effects through prolonged topical therapy would be tremendously valuable. Study Design We investigated (1) the ability of an electrospun polylactic acid DRD to provide prolonged delivery of the posited otoprotectant metformin and (2) the development of an in vitro model utilizing Sh-Sy5y human neuroblastoma cells to assess the efficacy of metformin in reducing cisplatin-induced toxicity. Setting Neurophysiology laboratory. Methods Basic science experiments were performed to assess DRD properties and metformin’s effects on cisplatin toxicity in culture. Results We found that DRDs with increasing polylactic acid concentrations exhibited metformin release for up to 8 weeks. In modeling elution across the round window in vitro, continued elution of metformin was observed for at least 6 weeks, as quantified by spectrophotometry. Unfortunately, metformin did not exhibit protective efficacy in this model using Sh-Sy5y cells. Conclusion While metformin was not found to be protective in Sh-Sy5y cells, these results suggest that an electrospun DRD can provide a tailorable drug delivery system providing medication for the duration of chemotherapy treatment. This represents a novel drug delivery system and efficacy screening assay with broad clinical applications in personalized delivery of inner ear therapies.

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