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Munjely, Elza Joy, Bindu Latha Nair R., and Varghese P. Punnoose. "Drug utilization pattern in Schizophrenia." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 8, no. 7 (2019): 1572. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20192652.
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Background: Pharmacotherapy is the mainstay of treatment in schizophrenia. The economic impact of this illness is wide ranging, long lasting and huge. The emergence of newer antipsychotics has changed the prescribing pattern. Purpose of this study is to determine the prescription pattern of antipsychotic drugs and to analyse the drug utilization in patients with schizophrenia based on WHO prescribing indicators.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted for a period of 1-year duration at inpatient Department of Psychiatry of a Government Medical College in Kerala, India among 230 schizophrenic patients. The case sheets of patients meeting inclusion criteria were scrutinised to find out the antipsychotic prescription pattern and drug utilization was analysed using WHO prescribing indicators. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics.Results: Newer antipsychotics (55.2%) were prescribed slightly more in preference to older antipsychotic (44.8%) drugs. Out of the newer drugs prescribed olanzapine (20.9%) was prescribed the most followed by risperidone (18%). Haloperidol (22.9%) was the most frequently prescribed older antipsychotic. Majority (71.3%) of the patients were given more than one antipsychotics during the hospital stay. Trihexyphenidyl (27.9%) was the most frequently co-prescribed drug with antipsychotics. Average number of drugs per encounter was 4.19, 73.4% of the drugs were prescribed in their generic name, 50.4% of the encounters were with an injection prescribed. 44.4%of the drugs were prescribed from the EDL (WHO-19th edition). Average drug cost per encounter was Rs.45.43. Percentage of drug cost spent on injections was 8.44%.Conclusions: Newer antipsychotics were more prescribed for schizophrenia of which olanzapine was the commonest. Newer antipsychotics are preferred because of their propensity to cause less side effects and more efficacy. Study of pattern of drug utilization is useful for measuring the economic impact of drug use among patients thereby facilitating rational prescribing.
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Singh, Uday, Gurjeet Singh, and Randhir Singh. "A STUDY ON DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL." INDIAN RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND SCIENCE 7, no. 2 (2020): 2184–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/irjps.2020.7.2.11.
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Meena, Dinesh Kumar, and M. Jayanthi. "Drug utilization research: a review." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 8, no. 2 (2019): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20190161.
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Data from drug utilization research is an invaluable resource for all stake holders involved in drug and health policies. Drug utilization is “marketing, distribution, prescription and use of drugs in a society, with special emphasis on the resulting medical, social and economic consequences”. Research on drug utilization includes factors related to prescribing, dispensing, administering and intake of medication and its associated events. The ultimate purpose of drug utilization research is to estimate the optimal quality of drug therapy by identifying, documenting, analysing problems in drug utilization and monitoring the consequences. It encourages the prescribers to prescribe correct drug at appropriate dose and affordable price. It contributes to the knowledge of rational use of drugs in the society; whether the drug is being prescribed appropriately, whether the drug is taken in correct dosage, whether the drug is available at affordable price or misused. It provides valuable feedback about the rationality of the prescription to the doctors. It also assesses whether an intervention affects the drug use in the population by examining the outcomes of different types of intervention given to improve rationality in drug use. Drug utilization research can be qualitative or quantitative and can be done by various methods. This review highlights the understanding of various aspects, different designs and WHO guidelines for conducting drug utilization research.
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Lefkowitz-Ziegler, Pat. "Drug Utilization Evaluation." Journal For Healthcare Quality 11, no. 3 (1989): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1945-1474.1989.tb00413.x.
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Farrar, John T., and Brian L. Strom. "Drug utilization evaluation." Journal of General Internal Medicine 10, no. 9 (1995): 530–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02602414.
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Merin, Daniel, D. R. Bharathi, and G.R Nataraj. "Drug Utilization Trends in ENT Outpatients." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 3, no. 4 (2018): 166–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937241.
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<strong>Background: </strong>Infection of Ear, nose and throat (ENT) are common clinical problems occurring in the general population and are a cause of serious morbidity and debility. Drug Utilization is defined by the WHO as the “marketing, distribution, prescription, and use of drugs in society. The characterization of drug utilization may be extended linking prescription data to the reasons for the drug prescribing by various types of health professionals. <strong>Objectives</strong>: Assessment of disease pattern, prescription trends and mean cost per prescription in ENT outpatients which provides an insight about the drug utilization. <strong>Methodology:</strong>A prospective observational study was carried out for a period of six months at ENT department of Basaveshwara Medical College & Hospital, Chitradurga. <strong>Results:</strong> A total of 157 patients were enrolled for the study of which 62 were males and 95 were females. Majority of patients were in the age group of 21-30 years. Maximum number of patients diagnosed with acute tonsillopharyngitis (35%). Antibiotics were most frequently prescribed drugs followed by Anti-gastric drugs, NSAIDs, Anti-allergic, Nasal decongestant, Anti-secretory agent, Anti-amoebic agents. Average number of drug per prescription was 3.46 and mean cost of drugs per prescription in females (389) were more than male (339.82). All the drugs were prescribed with their brand names. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed that pattern of usage of antibiotics are more compared to other drugs, Azithromycin are most commonly prescribed antibiotics in various ENT diseases, usage of brand name are higher than the generic name.
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Abel, sabu Viresh. k. chandur. "Analysis Of Drug Utilization Patterns In The Intensive Care Unit Of A Tertiary Care Hospital Using Who Core Prescribing Indicators A Retrospective Study." International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences 1, no. 11 (2023): 542–50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207442.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the drug utilization patterns in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital using the World Health Organization (WHO) core prescribing indicators.Methods: A retrospective analysis of medication prescriptions in the ICU was conducted. The WHO core prescribing indicators, including the average number of drugs per prescription, percentage of prescriptions involving injections, percentage of prescriptions involving antibiotics, percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name, and percentage of drugs prescribed from the Essential Drug List/Formulary, were calculated.Results: The study included 100 patients admitted to the ICU. The average number of drugs prescribed per patient was found to be 11.2 , exceeding the recommended norm. Injections were prescribed in 78% of the prescriptions, which surpassed the ideal threshold. Antibiotics were prescribed in 99% of the prescriptions, significantly higher than the standard range. The percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name was 14.1%, indicating scope for improvement. The percentage of drugs prescribed from the Essential Drug List/Formulary was 50.17%, demonstrating moderate adherence.Conclusion: The analysis of drug utilization patterns in the ICU highlighted areas of concern, such as polypharmacy, excessive use of injections, and high antibiotic prescribing rates. These findings emphasize the need for interventions to optimize prescribing practices, promote rational drug use, and enhance adherence to essential drug lists. Addressing these patterns can improve patient outcomes, reduce healthcare costs, and mitigate the risks associated with inappropriate medication use in the ICUcosts, and mitigate the risks associated with inappropriate medication use in the ICU.
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S, Shalini, Ravichandran V, Saraswathi R, BK Mohanty, and Dhanaraj S K. "Drug Utilization Studies – An Overview." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 3, no. 1 (2010): 803–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2010.3.1.2.
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Aspire of the Drug Utilization Studies (DUS) is to appraise factors related to the prescribing, dispensing, administering and taking of medication, and it’s associated. Since the middle of twentieth century, interest in DUS has been escalating, first for market-only purposes, then for appraising the quality of medical prescription and comparing patterns of use of specific drugs. The scope of DUS is to evaluate the current state and future trends of drug usage, to estimate roughly disease pervasiveness, drug expenditures, aptness of prescriptions and adherence to evidence-based recommendations. The increasing magnitude of DUS as a valuable investigation resource in pharmacoepidemiology has been bridging it with other health allied areas, such as public health, rational use of drug, evidence based drug use, pharmacovigilance, pharmacoeconomics, eco-pharmacovigilance and pharmacogenetics.
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Philip Jacob, Arul Balasubramanian, and Kothai Ramalingam. "A review on steps involved in drug utilization review." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 3 (2020): 4095–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2612.
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Drug Utilization is also known as Drug Utilization Review, is an arrangement of persistent, orderly, criteria based medication assessment that guarantees the proper usage of drugs. Drug use/ utilization evaluation and medication utilization evaluations are the same as drug utilization review. It is a technique for acquiring data to recognize the problems related to the usage of drugs and if appropriately created, it also gives a method for revising the issue and in this way, it becomes a factor in reasonable drug usage. Evaluation of use can survey the real procedure of medication administration or dispensing of proper medication and furthermore the results of treatment. Drug utilization review services include corrective actions, prescriber reviews and further evaluations as a quality assurance mechanism. This article reviews the drug utilization pattern and evaluation of the process of drug utilization. The evaluation pattern can be classified into several categories such as prospective, concurrent and retrospective. The drug utilization evaluation process is a continuous cycle and its maximum effect is attained when it is conducted as a cycle rather than conducting in steps. This evidence-based approach with utilization of the medication is intended to depend on the best accessible clinical evidence to create explicit rules for a particular illness or utilization of a particular medication.
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Braj, Nandan Kumar Sah, Sultana Sara, and Kumar Jeetendra. "A Study on Drug Utilization in Geriatric Patients." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 13, no. 6 (2021): 745–50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14227108.
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<strong>Objectives: </strong>This present was to evaluate the drug utilization and clinical conditions in geriatric patients. <strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 100 geriatric patients with age group 65 to ≥ 80 years were enrolled in this study. Rationality of prescriptions was analysed using WHO prescribing indicators. This includes five indicators which are – average number of drugs per prescription, drugs prescribed by generic name, number of antibiotics prescribed, number of injections prescribed, and drugs prescribed from essential medicines list. <strong>Results: </strong>Majorities of patients 63(63%) were in age group of 65-70 years. 67(67%) patients were males, and 33(33%) patients were females. The most common condition for admission in medical ward were cardiovascular disorders 33(33%) followed by respiratory distress 21(21%), genitourinary disorders 18(18%) and gastrointestinal conditions 7(7%). A total 834 drugs were prescribed. Average drug prescription was 8.34. <strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preponderance of geriatric patients are more in male. Most common conditions are cardiovascular disorders followed by respiratory disorders and genitourinary disorders in geriatric patients. Hence, geriatric patients are more prone to multiple disorders and more dependent on multiple drugs. So that, health care concerns should always monitor the drugs utilization to minimise the risk for adverse effect. Safer drug utilization may help in improving the quality of life in geriatric patients.
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Torelló, Jaime, José A. Durán, and María I. Serrano. "Diuretic Drug Utilization Study." Journal of Pharmacy Technology 12, no. 4 (1996): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/875512259601200412.
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Objective: To evaluate the present use of diuretics in our institution, and determine the appropriateness of that use and the incidence of adverse reactions and interactions. Design: This retrospective study describes the indications for use of an identified drug or combination of drugs. By the time the data were collected, some patients had been discharged or had died. Setting: The study was carried out in a referral center, the University Hospital “Virgen Macarena,” Seville, Spain. Patients: All patients receiving diuretic therapy. Those undergoing hemodialysis or receiving home care were excluded from the study. Intervention: A therapeutic audit was performed using specific standards of reference. Two models were used — one for each of the most frequent indications, ascites and congestive heart failure (CHF). Main Outcome Measures: A structured protocol gathered data on (1) demographic characteristics, (2) causes of admission and pathologic antecedents, (3) diuretic treatment, (4) basic controls (24-h diuresis and daily basal weight), (5) clinical evolution, and (6) concurrent complementary studies. The protocol included a checklist of the most frequent adverse drug reactions and interactions whose degree of causality was determined by applying the modified algorithm of Karch-Lasagna, used in the World Health Organization voluntary reporting system of adverse drug reactions. Results: One hundred twenty-six patients (16% of total admissions) received diuretic therapy. Of these, 71% were analyzed; information in the medical records was incomplete for the rest (29%). Fifty-one percent of the patients were more than 60 years old. The most frequent admission diagnoses were cardiovascular (51.5%), followed by digestive (16.7%) diseases. A total of 134 cardiac symptoms was seen in 50 patients. The most notable were acute pulmonary edema (26%), ischemic cardiopathy (12%), and cardiogenic shock (8%). Most patients receiving diuretic therapy (47.3%) were admitted to the internal medicine service. The most-prescribed diuretic was furosemide (59%), followed by spironolactone (27%). The combined use of furosemide and spironolactone occurred in all but 1 of the patients with hepatic ascites (92%), whereas in those with CHF the figure for the combined use of furosemide and spironolactone fell to 38% (p = 0.001). In 63% of the patients with ascites, the spironolactone dosage was changed in the first 48 hours of treatment. There was a high percentage of deaths (21%) in the study patients. Conclusions: Therapeutic strategy often does not follow the guidelines laid down in the standards of reference on diuretic use in serious CHF and/or ascites in this institution.
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Lee, David. "Drug utilization in Panama." Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 45 (January 1991): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0895-4356(91)90110-u.
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Tham-aree, S. "Aging and Drug Utilization." Chulalongkorn Medical Journal 30, no. 3 (1986): 271–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.58837/chula.cmj.30.3.8.
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Feldman, Robin. "Physicians Treating Alzheimer’s Disease Patients Should Be Aware that Televised Direct-to-Consumer Advertising Links More Strongly to Drug Utilization in Older Patients." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 81, no. 3 (2021): 1169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-210294.
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Background: US direct-to-consumer advertising spending for medicine has soared in recent decades. Advertising has been shown to impact drug utilization. Most Alzheimer’s disease patients are above age 65 and may take a range of prescription medications for various disease states. Objective: To investigate how direct-to-consumer advertising is associated with the drug utilization of patients ≥65 years old. Methods: Using advertising expenditure data and Medicare Part D drug purchase claims, we performed regression analyses for each of the highest-spending drugs and age group, with cumulative monthly spending as the predictor variable and drug utilization as the response variable. For each drug, we ran a second set of regression analyses to determine if the spending-utilization correlation showed a significant difference between the two patient age groups (older than 65, younger than 65). Results: For all 14 drugs in our study, advertising spending is positively correlated with utilization (p < 0.01) in both age groups. For seven of the 14 drugs studied, the difference in the utilization of patients older than 65 and the utilization of patients younger than 65 is statistically significant at a p < 0.01 level. The 65-and-older age bracket exhibits significantly greater utilization for all seven of these drugs. Conclusion: We find televised advertising for certain drugs to be associated with significantly stronger drug utilization among seniors, as compared to younger patients. Alzheimer’s disease physicians should be aware of this result, in light of the medications that patients may take for other disease states, particularly mood and mental health medications.
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Liljestrand, Åke. "Drug Utilization Data in Benefit Analysis of Drugs." Acta Medica Scandinavica 215, S683 (2009): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1984.tb08729.x.
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Hekster, Yechiel A., and Thomas B. Vree. "Drug Utilization Research in Clinical Practice." Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy 20, no. 9 (1986): 679–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002808602000909.
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This report describes the use of drug utilization studies in clinical practice, with special emphasis on future developments. It has been shown that pharmacy services affect prescribing patterns, have great potential for reducing health care costs, and are in a position to produce financial savings in drug therapy and drug use. However, it is essential to balance the drug utilization figures against the resulting outcome, and attention should be focused on the assessment of therapeutic results. To make therapeutic result assessment possible, end points need to be defined. Several examples of such end points are given and include incidence of nosocomial infections and postoperative wound infections. New parameters have been established to assess the severity of the illness and to follow the effect of drugs on the disease process in the form of an Index of Disease Activity (IDA). IDAs have been prepared for Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. It then becomes possible to link drug utilization data with a drug's influence on a disease, making drug utilization research a recognized discipline within the medical field.
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Mayur, Gandhi, Kumar Goyal Sunil, Sharma Dherendra, and Jain Archana. "Drug Utilization Study in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending Clinic of Tertiary Care Hospital Rajasthan." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 10 (2022): 873–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13309169.
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<strong>Background:</strong> Diabetes has gradually emerged as one of the most serious public health problems in our country. To focus and manage effectively, the illumination of current knowledge about the pattern of anti-diabetic drug utilization is important. As a result, it is necessary to evaluate the pattern of anti-diabetic medication use among diabetes patients determine if there is room for improvement in light of current knowledge. <strong>Aim</strong>: To evaluate the drug utilization pattern of oral anti-diabetic drugs in type 2 diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital. <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong> Observational cross sectional study conducted in Department of Pharmacology in association with Department of Endocrinology of Maharana Bhupal Hospital Udaipur, 300 patients were included. Patients with type 2 DM and age above 25 years were included in this study. <strong>Results: </strong>Maximum patients (116, 38.7%) received 3 antidiabetic drugs while 30.0% patients received 2. 70.42%% of patients who had more than 5 years of duration of diabetes have taken 3 or more different drugs while 57.59% of patients with less than 5 years of duration of diabetes taken 3 or more drugs. Among the antidiabetic, Biguanides were the most commonly prescribed drugs followed by Sulphonylureas. PDD: DDD ratio was ranged between 0.314-2.13 with Gliclazide having maximum ratio (2.13) followed by Glimepiride (1.695) <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Metformin was most commonly prescribed antidiabetic drug followed by Glimepiride, majority of patients had taken 3 antidiabetic drug combination.
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Mudasir, Maqbool Dr. Bilal Arshad Dr. Sana Liaquat. "PSYCHOTROPIC DRUG UTILISATION PATTERN CAN BE USEFUL IN MONITORING TREATMENT REGIMENS FOR MENTAL DISORDERS IN PSYCHIATRIC SETTINGS." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 05, no. 08 (2018): 7715–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1401433.
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<em>Mental disorders are one of the major causes of morbidity. Development of newer drugs like SSRIs and atypical antipsychotics has altered the treatment paradigms. Various factors like cost of drugs, local paradigms, etc. play a role in the selection of drug therapy and hence, affect the outcome. Psychiatric disorders form an important public health priority. Of the top ten health conditions contributing to the Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), four are psychiatric disorders. Mental illness is associated with high levels of health service utilization and associated costs, and in developing countries these costs are mostly paid by the patient. For the treatment of psychiatric disorders, wide classes of psychotropic drugs are available. During the past two decades, the development of newer drugs like Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and atypical anti–psychotics have drastically changed the drug therapy protocols. The growing concern over the burden of psychiatric illnesses in health statistics elicit the importance of rational prescribing of psychotropic drugs. Psychotropic drugs have had a remarkable impact in psychiatric practice. However, their utilization in actual clinical practice, effectiveness and safety in real life situation need continuous study. In this review, we will review about various aspects of drug utilization in psychiatric clinical settings.</em> <strong>Keywords: </strong><em>psychiatric ailments, anti-psychotics, drug utilization. </em>
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Kim, Dong-Sook, Juhee Park, Ha-Rim Jeon, Chanmi Park, and Hyeun Ah Kang. "The Effect of Korean Prospective Drug Utilization Review Program on the Prescription Rate of Drug-Drug Interactions." Health Policy and Management 24, no. 2 (2014): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4332/kjhpa.2014.24.2.120.
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Udem, Ngozi Dorathy. "Drug Utilization Pattern of Antihypertensives in a Private Healthcare Setting in Enugu, Nigeria." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 10, no. 1 (2022): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijph.2013.10.01.art008.
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Hypertension is a public health challenge worldwide. Drug utilization study is a component of medical audit that monitors and evaluates prescribing practices and recommends necessary modifications. This study focused on the drug utilization pattern of antihypertensive drugs. The study was a retrospective study of facility records on drug use among hypertensive patients. It was conducted in a private health care setting facility in Enugu. A total of 1,005 prescriptions were evaluated for drug prescribing patterns. The blood pressure control was evaluated. A combination of two drugs was frequently prescribed (42.3%). Drug prescribing pattern showed that Angiotensin receptor blocker (Losartan) was mostly frequently prescribed (38.94%). Drug utilization of antihypertensive drugs was in agreement with JNC 7&8 recommendations. In the study combination of two or more anti-hypertensive drugs was frequently prescribed. The blood pressure control among the population was greater than 90%.
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Ganeva, Maria, Tanya Gancheva, Ivan Baldaranov, Jeni Troeva, and Evgenya Hristakieva. "Treatment of adverse drug reactions in a dermatology department." Open Medicine 6, no. 1 (2011): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-010-0057-y.
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AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the pattern of utilization of systemic drugs used in the management of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) leading to hospitalization. A prospective pharmacovigilance study was carried out among patients admitted to the Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology in Stara Zagora (July 1999–June 2009). ADRs were classified by type, severity and causality. Casecausality was scored according to Naranjo et al. (1981). Drug utilization was measured in defined daily doses (DDDs) per 100 hospital bed days. A total of 144 cutaneous ADRs, predominantly “type B” were the reason for hospitalization. Highest utilization for the management of ADRs was found for the drug groups “Blood and blood forming organs” (406.08 DDDs/100 bed days) and “Respiratory system” (111.15 DDDs/100 bed days). The use of DDD for measuring drug utilization reveals the importance of drug-induced exacerbations of chronic skin diseases like psoriasis which were associated with significant utilization of drugs belonging to the group “Blood and blood forming organs”. Considering the low preventability of “type B” ADRs, our findings suggest that potential reduction of drug-related hospitalizations may be achieved through the rational use of drugs in patients with comorbidities.
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Asida Mohamed Ashraf, Reshmi Subramaniam, Revathi Rajkumar, and Manju L. "Drug Utilization Pattern In Dermatology: A Comprehensive Analysis Of Prescription Trends And Patient Management In Dermatological Outpatient Department." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 15, no. 1 (2024): 79–84. https://doi.org/10.37506/av7kz689.
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Background: Drug utilization Understanding the patterns of drug utilization is essential for optimizing patient management in Dermatology Outpatient Departments (OPD). This study presents a comprehensive analysis of prescription trends and patient management practices in Dermatology OPD, with a specific focus on drug utilization patterns. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Dermatology OPD of a tertiary care center in 322 patients. Data were collected through observations and the review of health records. The study investigates prescription trends, drug utilization patterns, and drug formulations used, considering various dermatological conditions. Results and conclusions Prescription trends are examined in terms of medication classes, dosage regimens, and treatment durations.This study sheds light on the patterns of drug utilization patterns in Dermatology OPD, offering a foundation for evidence-based decision-making in patient care.Males(59.93%) outnumbered females in health seeking behavior ,tinea (10.9%) was the most commonly reported condition and antihistaminincs(17.57%) were the most prescribed drugs followed by antifungal drugs (8.5%).Total number of drugs prescribed were 1070.Average number of drugs per prescription is 3.32, percentage of prescriptions with antibiotics and injections were 21.1% and 1.55% respectively.These findings are significant in optimizing prescription practices, enhancing patient outcomes, and guiding future research in dermatological therapeutics.
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Breton, Marie-Claude, Kateri Bourbeau, Jean R. Cusson, et al. "The Drug Utilization Review Network of Quebec." Healthcare Management Forum 9, no. 2 (1996): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0840-4704(10)60852-6.
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Drug utilization review programs have been recognized as an effective way to control health care spending while maintaining quality services. This article describes the structure, mandate and activities of Quebec's Drug Utilization Review Network. This 112-member network, which represents 45% of health care facilities in the province, was established to promote the optimal utilization of drugs through the provision of support to pharmacology committees, therapeutic committees and pharmacy departments. The network's main role is to coordinate multi-centre drug utilization studies. Future challenges include maintaining member interest and evaluating the clinical and economic impact of the network's efforts.
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Stojakovic, Natasa, Ranko Skrbic, Svjetlana Stoisavljevic-Satara, Dragana Babic-Djuric, Lana Nezic, and Ana Sabo. "Prescription-only drugs in Banja Luka region: Utilization analysis." Medical review 57, no. 1-2 (2004): 72–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0402072s.
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Introduction Using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) methodology, we analyzed utilization of prescription-only drugs in Banja Luka region in 2000 - 2001. Material and methods A retrospective study on drug utilization, according to ATC classification, was conducted on the basis of data received from Central City Pharmacy Banja Luka, and results were presented in terms of DDD/1000 inhabitants/day. Results Pharmaco-epidemiological analysis showed that the list of 20 most frequently prescribed drugs in 2000 included 8 cardiovascular drugs and 6 anti-infective drugs. In 2001, 20 most frequently prescribed drugs, included 9 cardiovascular drugs, and 4 anti-infective drugs. Regarding anti-infective agents, the most frequently prescribed antibiotics were amoxicillin, doxycyline, co-trimoxazole and gentamicin. The most frequently prescribed drug in 2000 was diazepam (5,33 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day). The use of this drug significantly increased in 2001 (7,95 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day). Discussion and conclusion Based on total analysis, it can be concluded that the positive drug list, defined by the Health Insurance Fund, significantly affected the drug utilization profile, but some drugs are considered to be irrationally prescribed.
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Jignesh, Patel, and Trivedi Parth. "Drug Utilization Pattern and Adverse Drug Reactions in Patients using Antidepressants." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 7 (2024): 453–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12788295.
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<strong>Background: </strong>The most prevalent mental disorder in the world, depression is on the rise. Patients who stop their therapy or do not take their antidepressants as prescribed have poor treatment outcomes, a high relapse rate, and a bad quality of life. <strong>Aims and Objectives: </strong>The purpose of the current study is to examine the drug use patterns seen in psychiatry department patients taking antidepressants as well as the adverse drug reactions (ADR) seen in these individuals. <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>The PSM hospital in psychiatry department was the site of the investigation. Data on demographics, diseases, and medications were gathered from 198 antidepressant prescriptions using a specifically created pro forma. Moreover, ADRs, if any, were recorded throughout their follow-up. Following a statistical analysis of the data, percentages and numbers were used to express the findings. Findings: 598 patients in all were examined. Of them, 42.13% were women and 57.86% were men. The age range between 41 and 60 was the most frequently afflicted and the one that received the highest dosage of antidepressants. The antidepressant that was prescribed the most was fluoxetine (48.32%). There were 957 prescriptions written overall, averaging 1.60 prescriptions per patient. In our analysis, generic versions of 75.65% of medications were prescribed. <strong>Conclusions: </strong>Drug usage studies are necessary to promote the responsible and reasonable use of medications. Monitoring and analyzing adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and drug interactions related to antidepressant drug patterns is also becoming increasingly important. Antidepressant use in patients was determined to be appropriate in this investigation.
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Alak, Kumar Das, Mandal Shreyoshree, Nandy Manab, and Ghosh Jinia. "Evaluation of Drug Utilization of Antiretroviral Therapy among HIV Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 10 (2022): 376–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13293008.
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<strong>Introduction:</strong> Development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) following infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to be a major global public health concern. Guidelines and protocols have been evolved over a period of time. Drug utilization studies help to evaluate changing pattern of drug usage, adherence with treatment guidelines and rational use of medicines. We aimed to evaluate the drug use indicators and utilization of anti-retroviral drugs among adult HIV patients. <strong>Materials and Methods:</strong> An observational, descriptive study was carried out on adult HIV patients visiting at Out Patient Department (OPD) of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) center of Medical College, Kolkata over a period of four months. The detailed data from case file was collected and recorded in a pre-designed proforma. Simple descriptive statistics was used to evaluate drug use indicators and utilization pattern of anti-retroviral drugs. <strong>Results:</strong> A total of 548 encounters were obtained from 122 patients. Majority of them were male (53.28%), belonged to the age group of 18 to 30 years, education below primary level (62.55%), married (72.06%), non-smokers (70.49%) and did not drink alcohol (51.25%). Heterosexuality was the most common mode of acquiring the infection (90.16%). Efavirenz was most commonly prescribed (6.57%) single drug ART regimen whereas the commonest combined ART regimen was combination of zidovudine+lamivudine+nevirapine (37.6%). Lamivudine was the most commonly prescribed nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) [87.22%]. Among the concomitant medicines prescribed, anti-tubercular drugs were the most frequent (14.23%). The commonest adverse drug reaction was anemia (5.7%). Folliculitis was the most common opportunistic infection (11.47%) followed by tuberculosis (9.84%). Average number of drugs per encounter was 3.08. Drugs were prescribed mostly in generic name (99.65%) and in oral forms (97%). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The results of our study suggested that the prescribing pattern was in accordance with national guidelines and reflected the changing patterns of drug usage in HIV patients. Drug use indicators reflected rational approach towards prescribing pattern.
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Jayprakash*, Kavita Lovanshi Shailesh Jain Rita Mourya Aashish Choudhory. "Drug Use Evaluation of Osteoarthritis." International Journal of Scientific Research and Technology 2, no. 5 (2025): 364–69. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15421698.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease characterized by pain, stiffness, and functional impairment, leading to significant morbidity and healthcare burden. The management of OA often involves pharmacological interventions aimed at relieving symptoms and improving quality of life. However, the utilization patterns of drugs in OA management and their associated Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) remain areas of ongoing research and clinical interest. In this prospective study, we aimed to explore the drug utilization patterns and identify potential adverse drug reactions among patients undergoing treatment for osteoarthritis. A diverse cohort of participants diagnosed with osteoarthritis was recruited and followed longitudinally over a specified duration. Baseline assessments captured demographic characteristics, disease severity, and previous treatment history. Participants were monitored for drug prescriptions or recommendations, including Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), analgesics, Disease-Modifying Osteoarthritis Drugs (DMOADs), corticosteroids, physical therapy, and alternative therapies. Regular monitoring was conducted to identify and assess adverse drug reactions, utilizing patient self-reporting, clinician observation, and medical records review. Data analysis focused on identifying trends in drug utilization, evaluating the frequency and severity of adverse reactions, and identifying potential risk factors associated with ADRs. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of real-world drug utilization patterns in the management of osteoarthritis and provide insights into the safety profiles of commonly prescribed medications. By identifying potential adverse drug reactions and risk factors, this research aims to inform clinical decision-making and improve patient care and treatment outcomes in osteoarthritis management.
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Jayprakash*, Kavita Lovanshi Shailesh Jain Rita Mourya. "Drug Use Evaluation of Osteoarthritis." International Journal of Scientific Research and Technology 2, no. 5 (2025): 364–69. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15423445.
Full textAbstract:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease characterized by pain, stiffness, and functional impairment, leading to significant morbidity and healthcare burden. The management of OA often involves pharmacological interventions aimed at relieving symptoms and improving quality of life. However, the utilization patterns of drugs in OA management and their associated Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) remain areas of ongoing research and clinical interest. In this prospective study, we aimed to explore the drug utilization patterns and identify potential adverse drug reactions among patients undergoing treatment for osteoarthritis. A diverse cohort of participants diagnosed with osteoarthritis was recruited and followed longitudinally over a specified duration. Baseline assessments captured demographic characteristics, disease severity, and previous treatment history. Participants were monitored for drug prescriptions or recommendations, including Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), analgesics, Disease-Modifying Osteoarthritis Drugs (DMOADs), corticosteroids, physical therapy, and alternative therapies. Regular monitoring was conducted to identify and assess adverse drug reactions, utilizing patient self-reporting, clinician observation, and medical records review. Data analysis focused on identifying trends in drug utilization, evaluating the frequency and severity of adverse reactions, and identifying potential risk factors associated with ADRs. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of real-world drug utilization patterns in the management of osteoarthritis and provide insights into the safety profiles of commonly prescribed medications. By identifying potential adverse drug reactions and risk factors, this research aims to inform clinical decision-making and improve patient care and treatment outcomes in osteoarthritis management.
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Bae, Sang-Cheol. "Drug Utilization Review: Economical Aspect." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 47, no. 2 (2004): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2004.47.2.156.
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Ferwerda, R. "Drug Utilization Patterns in Pregnancy." Journal of Pharmacoepidemiology 2, no. 4 (1992): 35–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j055v02n04_04.
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Iñesta, A. "Drug utilization in community pharmacy." Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 17, no. 6 (1992): 353–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2710.1992.tb01317.x.
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Visser, L. E., M. H. Oosterveld, G. I. Vos, and L. T. W. Jong-Van den Berg. "Drug-utilization study on Curaçao." Pharmacy World & Science 15, no. 2 (1993): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01874086.
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Jakovljević, Vida, and Milan Stanulović. "Extremes in Drug Utilization Patterns." Acta Medica Scandinavica 215, S683 (2009): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1984.tb08718.x.
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Rathmann, W., B. Haastert, and G. Giani. "Drug Utilization Conference Abstracts II." Int. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 40, no. 03 (2002): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.5414/cpp40125.
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Neutel, C. Ineke. "Drug utilization patterns as indicators." Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety 7, no. 2 (1998): 131–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1557(199803/04)7:2<131::aid-pds337>3.0.co;2-i.
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Jong-Van den Berg, Lolkje. "Drug utilization studies in pregnancy." Pharmacy World & Science 15, no. 4 (1993): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01880561.
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Hankó, Balázs, Éva Tukarcs, Péter Kumli, and Zoltán Vincze. "Antidiabetic Drug Utilization in Hungary." Pharmacy World & Science 27, no. 3 (2005): 263–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11096-004-5804-1.
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Spielberg, Stephen P. "Pediatrics therapeutics and drug utilization." Pharmacoepidemiology & Drug Safety 1, no. 1 (1992): 31–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pds.2630010107.
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อิทธิพานิชพงศ์, จันทนี. "เภสัชพันธุศาสตร์กับการใช้ยา (Pharmacogenetic and drug utilization)". Chulalongkorn Medical Journal 40, № 6 (1996): 437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.58837/chula.cmj.40.6.1.
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Kellenberger, Thomas A. "Comprehensive Drug Utilization Review: Adding Physician Outreach to Concurrent and Retrospective Drug Utilization Review." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 5, no. 2 (1992): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089719009200500207.
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Communication about drug selection and use between physicians and pharmacists has changed in the last two decades. The enhanced clinical education offered to pharmacists and the recognition by many physicians that keeping up with advances in drug therapy is exceedingly difficult and time consuming has facilitated the change. Accordingly, hospitals and long-term care facilities have formalized the clinical role of the pharmacist in drug selection, use, and/or monitoring through the use of drug utilization review (DUR) programs, specifically called drug use evaluation (DUE) and drug regimen review (DRR), respectively, in these environments. A majority of drug therapy decisions, however, occur outside of these closed environments where the physician's drug information is often provided by representatives of the pharmaceutical manufacturers and where comprehensive DUR programs are in their infancy. As a source of information on drug products available from their company, sales representatives perform a valuable service, but their information, understandably, is focused on the advantages of their products. Making appropriate choices from alternative therapies that are more plentiful, complex and expensive than ever requires the physician to have access to current, scientifically valid, objective and unbiased information. Building on the value inherent in concurrent and retrospective DUR programs and on research conducted in the early 1980s, Medco Containment Services has developed a program that brings this type of prescribing information directly to physicians in their offices. Called the Optimal Therapeutics ProgramSM (OTPSM), Medco's program is fully operational in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and is the vehicle for bringing clinically relevant, objective, and cost-effective prescribing information to physicians for application in the ambulatory care marketplace. This innovative program augments concurrent and retrospective DUR, delivering truly comprehensive DUR services. OTP also provides an opportunity for highly motivated and skilled pharmacists to shape their emerging role as drug information consultants.
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International, Journal of Medical Science and Advanced Clinical Research (IJMACR). "Drug utilization study in department of obstetrics and gynecology at a tertiary care teaching hospital." International Journal of Medical Science and Advanced Clinical Research (IJMACR) 8, no. 2 (2025): 08–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15239753.
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<strong>Abstract</strong> <strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the trend of medication prescriptions in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at a tertiary care teaching hospital. <strong>Methods</strong>: A prospective observational study on drug utilization patterns was done in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at a tertiary care teaching hospital for 18 months. All inpatients and outpatients were included. After gaining informed consent, patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Medication orders were observed for prescription patterns. WHO Prescription indicators were used for analysis. <strong>Results</strong>: A total of 618 prescriptions were collected. A total of 2559 drugs were prescribed, which included 1159 (45.29%) minerals and vitamin supplements, 603 (23.57%) antibiotics, 334 (13.05%) autacoids, 318 (12.43%) gastrointestinal drugs, 100 (3.91%) drugs affecting blood, 28 (1.09%) endocrine drugs, and 17 (0.66%) cardiovascular drugs. The average number of drugs per prescription in this study (4.13) is higher than the standard set by WHO (1.6-1.8). The percentage of patients prescribed with injectables is 38.83%. This is also high when compared with the range of the standard set by WHO. Around 77% of drugs were prescribed from the WHO Essential Medicine List. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The results of our study highlight several areas that need improvement; most importantly, polypharmacy was practiced as the average number of drugs (4.13) per prescription when compared with a standard set by WHO. Another area, that is, a percentage of drugs prescribed by injection is high, which also needs to be decreased. Vitamin B complex, vitamin C, pantoprazole, ferrous sulphate, and calcium were the most frequently prescribed drugs. The drug prescribed from the WHO Essential Medicine List was comparatively lower. So, it emphasises more on prescribing more drugs from the essential drug list to meet the standards of WHO. The overall drug use pattern is rational.
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S, Ramachandran, Swethanjali D, Hima Bindu M, et al. "Drug Utilization Evaluation On Antidiabetic, Thyroid And Antithyroid Drugs." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 13, no. 4 (2020): 1839–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2059.
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Aim: To evaluate the drug utilization of antidiabetic, thyroid and antithyroid drugs at an endocrinology speciality hospital among the ambulatory patients. Method: This was a prospective observational study conducted for a period of 6 months. Patients who were diagnosed with either diabetes mellitus (both type-I & type-II) or thyroid disorders and receiving their respective pharmacological therapy irrespective of age and gender were included in this study. Pregnant, lactating women and patients with endocrine problems other than diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders were excluded from this study. Results: The total number of cases collected and analyzed during a period of 6 months was 246 in which 139 (56.5%) were diabetes mellitus and 107 (43.5%) were thyroid disorders. Among the parenteral hypoglycaemic agents, long acting-insulin glargine and intermediate acting + short acting- NPH + regular insulin were prescribed in almost similar frequency. In case of mono therapy, teneligliptin was the most commonly prescribed medication and this was the unique finding in this study which signified that the trend in prescribing pattern is changing and updating from time to time. In dual combination therapy Glimepiride + Metformin and in triple combination Glimepiride + Metformin + Voglibose combinations were the most commonly prescribed medication. In hypothyroidism, supplementation with levothyroxine was the only treatment alternative as it is related to the underactive thyroid, secreting insufficient amount of hormone. Irrespective of many classes of drugs available in treating hyperthyroidism carbimazole was the most frequently prescribed drug in this study. Conclusion: It was observed that some changes in the prescribing pattern of antidiabetic drugs that signified the trend in drug utilization pattern. Clinical pharmacists should play a key role in observing and identifying the trends in prescribing patterns by performing the drug utilization evaluation studies thereby providing a better pharmaceutical care in collaboration with the other health care professionals.
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Park, Ji-Young, and Kun-Woo Park. "The contraindication of comedication drugs and drug utilization review." Journal of the Korean Medical Association 55, no. 5 (2012): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2012.55.5.484.
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Hjort, Peter F., Jostein Holmen, and Hans Th Waaler. "Relation between Drug Utilization and Morbidity Pattern: Antihypertensive Drugs." Acta Medica Scandinavica 215, S683 (2009): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1984.tb08722.x.
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S, Ramachandran, Swethanjali D, Hima Bindu M, et al. "Drug Utilization Evaluation On Antidiabetic, Thyroid And Antithyroid Drugs." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 13, no. 4 (2020): 1839–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2059.
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Aim: To evaluate the drug utilization of antidiabetic, thyroid and antithyroid drugs at an endocrinology speciality hospital among the ambulatory patients. Method: This was a prospective observational study conducted for a period of 6 months. Patients who were diagnosed with either diabetes mellitus (both type-I & type-II) or thyroid disorders and receiving their respective pharmacological therapy irrespective of age and gender were included in this study. Pregnant, lactating women and patients with endocrine problems other than diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders were excluded from this study. Results: The total number of cases collected and analyzed during a period of 6 months was 246 in which 139 (56.5%) were diabetes mellitus and 107 (43.5%) were thyroid disorders. Among the parenteral hypoglycaemic agents, long acting-insulin glargine and intermediate acting + short acting- NPH + regular insulin were prescribed in almost similar frequency. In case of mono therapy, teneligliptin was the most commonly prescribed medication and this was the unique finding in this study which signified that the trend in prescribing pattern is changing and updating from time to time. In dual combination therapy Glimepiride + Metformin and in triple combination Glimepiride + Metformin + Voglibose combinations were the most commonly prescribed medication. In hypothyroidism, supplementation with levothyroxine was the only treatment alternative as it is related to the underactive thyroid, secreting insufficient amount of hormone. Irrespective of many classes of drugs available in treating hyperthyroidism carbimazole was the most frequently prescribed drug in this study. Conclusion: It was observed that some changes in the prescribing pattern of antidiabetic drugs that signified the trend in drug utilization pattern. Clinical pharmacists should play a key role in observing and identifying the trends in prescribing patterns by performing the drug utilization evaluation studies thereby providing a better pharmaceutical care in collaboration with the other health care professionals.
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Reshmi Raju, Ann Vazhayil Kuruvilla, and Madhan Ramesh. "Assessment of Antibiotic Utilization Pattern In Hospital Settings." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 3 (2020): 4277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2639.
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Drug utilization evaluation is an effective tool for detecting the possible drug related problems and in enhance the clinical use of drugs in public and its impact on the health care system. This tool is adapted by pharmacists to assess appropriate use of medication. DUE usually focus on drugs with more side-effects, high cost or complex dosing regimens. It is important for almost all drugs especially for antibiotics because of its increased utilizationin hospitals and community settings. In prior to starting antimicrobial therapy, the prescriber should consider the type of infection, characteristics of the antibiotic, its category of use, spectrum of activity, cost- effectiveness and duration of therapy. The evolution of multidrug resistance and the emergence of multidrug- resistant microbes are on the rise which can be reduced by increasing the habits of appropriate antibiotic prescribing for the successful outcome of the therapy. Prescribing an antibiotic by understanding the significance of antimicrobial stewardship and following an appropriate guideline may lead to appropriate selection of an antibiotic. Hence, antibiotic utilization studies can help in improving the practice of rational use of antibiotics thereby improving patient safety, which in turn helps in reducing antimicrobial resistance, drug related problems and risk of mortality and morbidity.
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Mudasir, Maqbool Dr Sayyab Tariq Dr Sidra Amjad. "PRESCRIBING PRACTICES IN PEDIATRICS AND DRUG UTILIZATION STUDIES PROMOTING PEDIATRIC HEALTH." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 05, no. 08 (2018): 8070–76. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1405121.
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<em>Knowledge of drug administration in children and infants lags behind that of adults for many reasons. These include developmental differences that affect the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles of drugs, ethical and financial reasons, research capabilities, and regulatory guidelines and constraints. Most of the drugs prescribed for children have not been tested in the pediatric population due to the difficulties in carrying out clinical studies in children and ethical issues due to children not being able to make their own decisions to participate in a clinical trial. Epidemiological evaluation of medicine use in elderly is now a highly visible topic, but drug prescribing studies in pediatric patients have been limited. The higher incidence of infections in pediatric population as compared to adults leads to higher prescription of Antimicrobial Drugs (AMDs), at times more than two in single prescription. The use of antibiotics in children has been a major area of concern. . Periodic prescriptions analysis and effective feedback to clinician should be done based on results to ensure rational prescribing and effective health care management, which will ultimately lead to a better child health. In this review article, we will to analyze prescribing practices in pediatrics and drug utilization studies promoting pediatric health.</em> <strong>Key words: </strong><em>Pediatrics, rationale prescribing, antibiotics, Drug utilization</em>
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Gorantla, Naveen Choudary, and Lalitha Hanumanthu. "Drug utilization study in outpatient ophthalmology department of government medical college, Nellore, India." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 7, no. 5 (2018): 844. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20181425.
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Background: Drug utilization studies are an important part of rational use of drugs. This study was planned to assess drug utilization pattern in Ophthalmology outpatient department.Methods: After approval from Ethics Committee, 620 prescriptions were analyzed according to WHO drug indicators.Results: 2. 4 drugs were prescribed on an average per prescription. Antibiotics (49%) were the most commonly used drugs. Fluoroquinolones (54%) were frequently used. Topical route was preferred route of drug administration. Prescription of generic drugs was not optimal (13%). Duration of therapy was missing in many prescriptions.Conclusions: Generic prescribing can be improved. Duration of therapy should be mentioned in all prescriptions.
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Karve, Ashwini V., and Mayur M. Chaure. "A study comparing the change in drug utilization pattern in medical intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in seven years." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 12, no. 5 (2023): 694–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20232566.
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Background: Medical intensive care unit is a type of intensive care unit that takes care of a range of medical illnesses with patients who are seriously ill and/or suffer from severe chronic illnesses. These patients are usually prescribed multiple drugs. Use of antimicrobial agents and injectable medications in setting of MICU is high as compared with other class of drugs and other hospital settings respectively. Periodic evaluation of drug utilization pattern needs to be done to enable suitable modifications in prescription of drugs to increase the therapeutic benefit and decrease the adverse effects. There could be changes in drug utilization pattern due to changes in disease pattern, development of newer drugs, resistance to antimicrobial agents. Hence comparison of past and present data needs to be done to find out the changes that occurred in drug utilization pattern over the years. Methods: Data was collected from June 2021 to Dec 2021 for prospective arm and June 2014 to December 2014 for retrospective arm was obtained from MICU of tertiary care hospital and Medical Record Department. Drug utilization pattern was analysed and compared with appropriate statistical tests. Results: Most common cause of MICU admission was infective diseases (71% and 67% respectively in retrospective and prospective arm). The drug prescribed frequently was pantoprazole and antimicrobial was ceftriaxone in both the study arms. Half of the drugs were prescribed by generic names in both arms. Conclusions: There was no change observed in drug utilization pattern and disease pattern in patients admitted to medical intensive care unit over the years in our institute.
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Battu, Rakesh. "Assessment of Incidence, Clinical Profile, Risk Factors and Drug Utilization Pattern in the Management of Gastroenteritis." International Journal of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology 1, no. 3 (2018): 113. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1160876.
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Background: Acute Gastroenteritis is a common cause of hospitalization in India ranging from mild annoyances to devastating, dehydrating illnesses that can kill within hours. Drug utilization evaluation can be used for the description of drug use pattern; early signals of irrational use of drugs; interventions to improve drug use; quality control cycle; continuous quality improvement. Objectives: 1. Better understanding the burden and incidence of acute gastroenteritis in adults. 2. Assessment of Clinical Profile and Risk factors for Gastroenteritis. 3. Assessment of Drug utilization pattern in the management of gastroenteritis. Study Design: Prospective Cross-Sectional study was carried out in the General Medicine Department using a well-designed patient data collection form. All gastroenteritis patients’ prescription detail was collected in a specially designed Case Record Form (CRF) for the evaluation of drug prescribing pattern. Results: Among these 100 patients, male n=57 (57%) and n=43 (43%) were females. The class of drugs prescribed mostly were antibiotics (100%), followed by H2 blockers (75%), and Proton-Pump Inhibitors (25%), Anti-emetics (89%), Intravenous fluids (85%), Prebiotic + Probiotic Combination (84%), Oral rehydration solution (75%), Anti-Spasmodic (60%), Analgesic + Antipyretic (45%), Antacids (15%), NSAIDs (15%) and other miscellaneous drugs for co-morbidities includesGlimepiride + Metformin (6%), Metformin (3%), Amlodipine (7%), Nebulization-Duolin + Budecort (1%), Cinnarizine (1%). Conclusion: Study result shows that male patients (56%) admitted were more compared to female (44%) and may infer that male are more prone to gastroenteritis compared to female gender. Average age of patients found was between 21-30 years, which indicates that the gastroenteritis and related infections may be chronic in this age group because of the westernization and unhygienic outside food.