Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Druzism'
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Ghabar, Najla. "Lar Druzo Brasileiro: o Druzismo verde e amarelo." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2013. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1896.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This research refers to the presence of the Druzism in Brazil, specificallly in the Lar Druzo Brasileiro de São Paulo , one of the representative institutions of the Druze community in the country. This work aims at knowing the history of this institution as well as identifying the elements which characterize it as a reference in the formation of Druze s identity in Brazil. This work has been divided in three chapter. In the first one entitled The Druzism , has been rescued the history of religion since its origins until nowadays. Subsequently, it is presented the elements of the organization, doctrine and practices that characterize this religious tradition. In the second chapter, entitled Lar Druzo Brasileiro, from past to present , it is rescued the history of this institution, as well as the actions that promote the practice of identity among peers in a Durze community. And finally, in the third chapter, entitled "O papel do Lar Druzo Brasileiro à luz dos depoimentos da própria comunidade" which discusses the role of the LDB in the Druze identity formating towards its members
Esta pesquisa se refere à presença do druzismo no Brasil, especificamente no Lar Druzo Brasileiro de São Paulo, uma das instituições representativas da comunidade druza no país. O objetivo deste trabalho é conhecer a história dessa instituição, bem como identificar os elementos que a caracterizam como uma comunidade-referência na formação da identidade druza no Brasil. Esta dissertação é composta por três capítulos. No primeiro capítulo "O Druzismo" é recuperada a história da religião, desde suas origens até assumir a forma como a conhecemos. Posteriormente, são apresentados os elementos da organização, da doutrina e das práticas que caracterizam essa tradição religiosa. No segundo capítulo "Lar Druzo Brasileiro, do passado ao presente , é feito um resgate da história dessa instituição, bem como das ações que promovem o exercício da identidade druza entre os pares da comunidade. Para finalizar, o terceiro capítulo "O papel do Lar Druzo Brasileiro à luz dos depoimentos da própria comunidade" discute o papel que o LDB ocupa na formatação da identidade druza para seus membros
Halawi, Wissam. "Le druzisme au IXe/XVe siècle : entre hagiographie sayyidienne et réalités sociales." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H012.
Full textTraditional historiography considers that Druzism – understood as the religious doctrine of tawḥīd specific to the Druzes – had its heyday in the 9th/15th century through teaching and spiritual guidance from al-Sayyid (d. 884/1479). The present study aims to analyse this construction of a mythical figure of a great saint as well as that of a narrative scarcely rooted in the local social realities. Such a revision was made possible by double-renewal: a critical reading of the sources and the enrichment of the corpus with unpublished Druze manuscripts. Confronting Sayyidian hagiographies to local chronicles allows us to distinguish between the Vitae of the saint and the historical character of al-Sayyid, and thus to study his vision, action, and authority in the Syrian regions of the Ġarb and Šūf. The Druze law treaties also give valuable information on the new organisation implemented by his followers after his death as well as the functioning of Druze communities at the local level. Finally, the articulation of the religious power of initiates with the political power of the Ḥusaynid emirs from the Banū Buḥtur, reveals the forms of legitimation which then appear
Abou, Chacra Iffat. "Les relations inter-druzes (libano-syro-israe͏̈liennes)." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070047.
Full textThe study of the inter-druze relationships constitues a research on the nature of the links between the druze - which are a minority spread over three different countries of the middle east (Lebanon, Syria Israel). First we try to expose the foundations of the impenetrable druze doctrine, which is the basis of their culture and their society. Then we study and compare their social and political characteristics to show up their differences and their homogeneity. We note here that each group druze lives in a different state context : a confessional state in Lebanon, a sociealist state in Syria and a hebrew state in Israel. This study is trying to bring a tangible proof on the existence or the absence of the relationships and to define the different factors and conditions which favours their continuity or breakdown. Our study tries to be a reflexion on the consequences that consecrates the relationship between religion and politics as adopted by the minorities in the actual world
Abū, Zakī Nādīn. "Introduction aux épîtres de la sagesse : l'ésotérisme druze à la lumière de la doctrine de Çankara /." Paris ; Budapest ; Kinshasa [etc.] : l'Harmattan, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb409277420.
Full textBibliogr. p. 211-214. Glossaire. Index.
Frangié, Zeina. "Maronites et Druzes au Liban de la communauté à la nation /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376136766.
Full textFrangié, Zeina. "Maronites et Druzes au Liban : de la communauté à la nationa." Paris, EHESS, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988EHES0020.
Full textThe study of two communities, the maronite and the druze communities in lebanon, takes essentially two points in consideration : the evolution of each community and the power evolution inside each community. The two communities have been studied since their appearancethey present three stages of evolution which correspond to three distinctive historical periods. The first stage is the stage a grouping which corresponds to the period of preservation. During this stage, each grouping shut on himself to survive and preserve his faith. The second stage is the stage of the religious community. It corresponds to the period of the construction of the lebanese emirate. This period extends during a century and a half and is followed by a period where the lebanese emirate begins its own disintegration, which will provoke the transformation of the religious communities into confessional communities, caracterized by the fact that religious membership will be used for political aims. It will provoke a demand for a communautary autonomy
Rayyan, Raed. "Rapports de parenté et de clientèle chez les druzes du Liban." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080898.
Full textThe thesis is a study of patron-client relationships among the druzes. Two aristocratic families, the arslans and the joumblatts, continue to command the destiny of the druzes. These two families head two factions that include all the druze families. Patron-client relationships could be explained by four factors : sectarianism and its geographic, economic, political and ideological dimensions, foreign capitalism and the marginalization of the druzes; the religious ideology and the organization of the druze clerics; and finally the political system of the lebanese state which is also on patronclient relationships. The theoretical stand adopted in the thesis is the "neomarxist" approach. At this point i have defined the mode of production, social formation, the articulation and the dislocation of the economic, political and ideological instances in order to study the patron-client relationships among the druzes as dominant precapitalist instances determined in the last analysis by the economic under-development of the druze community
Dakdouk, Amine. "Aspects psycho-socio-culturels de la réincarnation : présentation de 3 cas types." Montpellier 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995MON11059.
Full textRizk, Karam. "Le Mont-Liban au XIX° siècle, de l'Emirat au Mutasarrfīya : tenants et aboutissants du Grand-Liban /." Kaslik (Liban) : Université Saint-Esprit, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb410530680.
Full textBiʻaynī, Ḥasan Amīn. "Jabal al-ʻArab ṣafaḥāt min tārīkh al-Muwaḥḥidīn al-Durūz (1685-1927) /." Bayrūt : Manshūrāt ʻUwaydāt : Dār al-Nahār lil-Nashr, 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/16108692.html.
Full textTitle on added t.p.: Pages memorables de l'histoire de druzes en Syrie et au Liban (1685-1927). Includes bibliographical references (p. 482-489) and index.
Honvault, Juliette. "L'émir ʿAdil Arslan (1888-1954), de l'ottomanisme à l'arabisme : action politique et représentation de soi." Paris, INALCO, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INAL0009.
Full textEmir ʿAdil Arslân was born in Lebanon three decades before the dismantling of the Ottoman Empire, and was one of its most loyal supporters. As early as 1918 he devoted himself to the Arab cause. He appeared in the first Arab government headed by Faysal in Damascus (1918-1920), as a counsellor of Emir ʿAbdallaj in Amman (1920-1924), as the chief of a unit of Druze fighters during the Great Syrian Revolt (1926-1929) and was to be after the independence of Syria, Minister of Public Instruction, Vice President of the Syrian delegation at UNO, a representative for Golan, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Vice President of the Republic under the rule of Husnî-z-Zaʿîm, and, finally plenipotentiary Minister of Syria in Turkey. He opposed the French Mandate in the Levant and Zionism in Palestine with equal vigour. Long years of exile in Iraq (1933-1937) and in Turkey (1941-1945) completed his image of figurehead of Arab nationalism, but they also contributed to make him disappear from Syria's national history. The Mudhakkirât (a sort of logbook as it is) that Emir ʿAdil Arslân wrote up between 1934 and 1953, go to show. They also enable to understand the representation that this Druze emir of noble Arab descent had of himself. These origins entailed duties that he attributed to himself, which, to a large extent, constitute the driving force behind his action within regimes the functioning and the policies of which he denounced. This social status, that the Ottoman Empire did recognize and promote was also an instrument kept alive by the emir to make a name for himself on the Eastern political scene as well as in relation to Western interlocutors. His role was played in the corridors of power which is what his account reveals
Rivoal, Isabelle. "Les maîtres du secret : l'identité communautaire et ses manifestations au Proche-Orient : le cas des Druzes en Israël." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0067.
Full textBreaking with researches on relationships between minorities and states in near-earst which is focused on the understanding of political movements carried up by ethnic and nationalist revendications, this study about druze community in israel aims to explain how a group affirms its identity out of political field. The druze religion which was born from a split away from isma'ilian islam in the 11th century quickly became a closed religion and didn't permit any form of conversion. From origin, religous sphere allowed identity definition around the defence of two boundaries: the endogamy and the secret of religion. The secret, which characterises druze religion, is not only a boundary between the community and the outsiders, but it structures this society by setting up a clear distinction between those who have not been already initiated and those who have. The druzes conceptualise this distinction through the opposition between mundane order (al-dunya), the area of political division and religious order (al-din) where the ideal unity of the community is implemented. Passage from one status to the other after an individual pursuit made of asceticism and transcription of sacred texts is an imposed journey for every druze. And this religious people are acting up in their society to guaranty the perennity of its boundaries. The spiritual leader of the druze community who is the only authority who unites both political and religious dimension in one person allows the definition of his community in the state and by the time manages relationships between druzes above territorial froontiers. By the action of this exceptional leader, druze society does not disappear in its relationship with the state. Quite the contrary, the state is kept away and druze community can play its own partition build up on this relation/distinction between men of the world and of religion
Bouhassoun, Waed. "Chants et lamentations dans les rituels funéraires chez les Druzes du sud de la Syrie : une approche ethnomusicologique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100140.
Full textThis thesis deals with the female vocal expressions of lamentation during the funeral rituals of the Druze of southern Syria. In it, I describe the leading role taken in conventional ritual by women who, through their music and vocals, dramatize the expression of grief and give a collective meaning, on behalf of society as a whole, to death. I consider the circumstances of death, the spaces mobilized, the perception of time, the various types of rituals according to the status of the deceased (ordinary citizen, shaykh, martyr), and, by way of comparison, other life-cycle rituals (birth, marriage). I have a particular interest in describing and analyzing the role of sound and music (the only means of expression of a collective memory of the deceased), and thus the oral dialogue between the living and the dead, sound intensity, poly- music and poly-vocality. Furthermore, because of the fundamental Druze belief in reincarnation, creating a continuity between death and future birth, we understand the importance of melodized laments and funeral songs which facilitate this future rebirth by allowing an effective separation of soul from body. In the case of a young martyr’s funeral (since 2011) it is rather the men who take charge of the poetic, sung and danced expressions (the jawfiyya), because a complicated solidarity with the Syrian state comes into play and adds a public dimension. Thus, oral and musical expressions in funeral rituals enable the community to forge new links within and outside the community by bringing together the living and the dead, and by determining the roles of men and women
Beaini, Nancy Scarlette. "Something old, something new : marriage customs among the Druze in the Shouf Mountains of Lebanon." PDXScholar, 1989. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3873.
Full textRoussel, Cyril. "L'espace communautaire des Druzes du sud de la Syrie : des stratégies de création d'un territoire à celles de la mobilité." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR1502.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the analysis of space produced by the members of the Druze community established since the 18e century in southern Syria, in a mountainous massif which bore the name of Djebel Druze for a long time. This area became the "Druze mountain" only after a long process of territorialisation which, in drawing its myths and its heroic resistance against the Ottomans from the history of the community, favoured the formation of a Community identity specific to the Druzes of the Djebel. Such an identity and territorial construction didn't remain without consequences either in the socio-spatial organization of north Syria, or in the management of this unit by the central authority. Whether in the socio-cultural field, in the economic or else in the political field, the Druze community is marginalized. The Djebel thus became a neglected periphery of the Syrian territory, in which the Community system tries to mitigate the lacks related to inherent blockings in this situation
Shihade, Magid. "The history of an incident and its lessons : communal violence among Arabs in Israel /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10836.
Full textZugueib, Neto Jamil. "Identité et crise sociale : l'influence du bouleversement social sur le processus identitaire et les conditions psychiques des citoyens : le cas des Druzes du Liban." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20117.
Full textABBOUD, JOSEPH. "Kamal Joumblatt et le parti socialiste progressiste libanais." Toulouse 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU10001.
Full textKamal joumblatt, a druse leader, tried to conciliate politics and mystique. As a westernized oriental, he adhered to the idea of evolution and to socialism. With a view to transforming society according to his convictions and to transcending its contradictions in the fields of religion, socio-politics and economics, he founded the socialist party in 1949. But the founder soon began yielding to the rules of the lebanese political game and was unable to get rid of his inheritance. The paty turned into a community-party characterized by autocracy and personalization. It was unable to implement socialization and homogenization and to promote national unity. Failing to carry out its initial mission, it became the main protagonist of the national dualism underlying confessional dualism. Kamal joumblatt's endeavour to unify the lebanese and modernize socio-political institutions was of no avail
Rivoal, Isabelle. "Les Maîtres du secret. L'identité communautaire et ses manifestations au Proche-Orient." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00769894.
Full textAzhari, Valérie. "L'invention du système multiconfessionnel au Liban." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0020.
Full textLebanon is located in the Middle East area, in the cross-roads of the civilizations, whereby on his littoral are located a chain of mountains (The Mount Lebanon and the Anti-Lebanon), forming a fertile passage between Europe and Africa. This forced passage whereby passed through merchant caravans, invasions, and exchanges between several countries, Lebanon was apt, and since the first formed civilizations, to compound with regional forces and at the same time, to serve as a shelter, in this sanctuary formed by the mountains of Mount Lebanon, for any oppressed social group, whether ethnic, cultural, or religious. Since the nineteen century, the Mount Lebanon implements a confessional administrative regime. In fact, Druze and Maronite that form the two communities of the mountain, shared the governance of the “princedom” under the so-called regime of “Moutassarifiah”. On 1920, the Big-Lebanon was born. Since that period, there were many communities that lived together in this young country. The Lebanese people remain under the French mandate until year 1943. During that year, the Lebanese people thought that the time came to be detached from the French tutelary. Hence, the men of independence will install in place a model of governance whereas several communities will share the command and the administration by mean of a social pact that bind together the multiconfessional system. But this system seemed to be a fragile one as time passed. The interest of each community will, a little by little, impede the cohabitation. The national pact will weaken and will crumble until it will explode on year 1975, the date that marked the beginning of war which ended on 1990
Arbid, Walid. "Naissance et évolution du parti socialiste progressiste libanais P. S. P. De 1949 à 1958." Rennes 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989REN20003.
Full textOur study is oriented into three parts: at first, we have stressed on analysing the original situation of Lebanon under the French mandate, and to study the structures left by its tutelage, as well as the difficult situation existing at the time of the independence. This analysis has requested a round-up of the different political formations. We will be presenting here the complexed context in which a new party is going to take root, the socialist progressive party. The second part, we will analyse the socio-political context and the specific conditions which have prevailed at the birth of the socialist progressive party. Obviously, the role of Kamal Joumblatt, Druze leader, appears in the limelight. Kamal Joumblatt comes from a family which has played a very important role in the history of Lebanon. Finally the third part of our study brings us to analyse the programme, the organisation, the activity of the P. S. P. On the internal and international political level since 1949, date of birth of the party, until the crisis of 1958. The structure of the party, its programme and electoral performances are analysed along with the positions of the P. S. P. Versus the big events of the moment, such as the Egyptian revolution of 1952, the Suez crisis in 1956, and the Lebanese crisis in 1958
Bouyrat, Yann. "Naissance d'une relation privilégiée dans l'Orient ottoman : le rapprochement entre la France et les maronites du Liban (1831-1861)." Bordeaux 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR30034.
Full textCe travail vise à montrer qu’entre 1831 et 1861, les rapports entre la france et les maronites du liban, rapports jusque là anciens mais demeurés superficiels, ont profondément changé de nature. Ces derniers se sont en particulier enrichis sur les plans politique, culturel et affectif, donnant naissance à une véritable « amitié » entre les deux peuples. L’objet de ce travail est aussi de dévoiler, dans ce rapprochement historique, le rôle essentiel joué par l’exacerbation de la rivalité franco-anglaise en orient
Zein, de Clerck Dima. "Les relations druzo-chrétiennes dans le Mont Liban Sud à l'épreuve des guerres et des réconciliations, des représentations et des mémoires." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010708.
Full textThis thesis addresses the difficulties of writing the civil war and tackles the Druze-Christian relations clashes, representations, conflicting memories and a failure of the reconciliation process, implemented by the State at the end of the armed hostilities, and according to the clauses provided by the Ta’if Agreement. Besides the introduction that includes a geographical overview of the Druze-Christian region of cohabitation, that is the Southern part of Mount Lebanon, commonly called al-Jabal (the Mountain), a first historical part addresses the Druze-Christian relations in their political context since Lebanon’s independence in 1943 and until the official end of the Lebanese War in 1990 with a large emphasis on the Mountain War in 1982-1983 and the wars that resulted from it, in the Chahhâr in 1984, and in the Iqlîm al-Kharrûb in 1985. Those constitute a major fracture in the relations between the Druze and Christian communities. This first attempt at historicizing these wars is based on unpublished sources and cuts across many interviews. The second part tackles, in a first chapter, the Reconciliation process in an uncertain post-war, and the political relations between Druze and Christians. A second chapter addresses the vivid memories and the uses of the past related to the clashes and massacres of the nineteenth century (the harakât of 1841, 1845 and 1860), and the links in the memories between past wars and the Lebanese war. A third chapter reports on crossed representations between Druze and Christians, as well on conflicting memories related to the War of the Mountain. The Druze-Christian relations in Southern Mount Lebanon alongside wars and reconcilitations, representations and memories
Najm, Simon. "The Rūm orthodox community of Syria in a Time of Change and Violence : 1860-1914." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0145.
Full textThis research focuses on the situation of Levantine Christians, mainly the Rūm Orthodox community of Damascus and the Patriarchate of Antioch which includes the different regions of Lebanon and Syria during the years 1860-1914. It aims at investigating the impact of the Tanẓīmāt (reforms), through the following questions that preoccupied Orthodox Christians at that time: proselytism, the Gregorian Calendar, military conscription, the events of 1860, the indemnities, the Bulgarian question, and the independence of the Antiochian Church, on the life and history of this community, based on the unpublished Archives of the Patriarchate of Antioch preserved in Damascus, while crossing them with the Archives diplomatiques du ministère des Affaires étrangères preserved at La Courneuve, France, the Archives of the Maronite Patriarchate, Bkerke, Lebanon, and the Pontifical Archives (Archivio Segreto, Propaganda Fide, and Oriental Churches), in Rome, Italy.This research reveals how the internal history of the Rūm Orthodox community and the ecclesiastical history of the Church of Antioch are deeply intertwined with the major questions of that time. The Ottoman Tanẓīmāt had great impacts on the life of the Rūm Orthodox community in Syria and Lebanon. On the one hand, the Tanẓīmāt and the foreign interferences played a prominent role in provoking the massacres of 1860. On the other, they largely benefited the Christian communities on the economic, social, and cultural levels, as well as on the shaping of their Arab identity and the managing of their church affairs
Van, Melle Jonathan Herny. "Locked In Time?: The Hariri Assassination and the Making of a Usable Past for Lebanon." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1237738726.
Full textDib, Simon. "La pensée gnostique dans la religion Druze : les Lettres de la Sagesse (69, 70 et 71)." Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EPHE5062.
Full textDruzism is a philosophico-religious movement which may be considered primarily as a doctrine but with a religious appearance, a systematic and philosophical thinking, with some reference to Gnosticism in the history of Islam. Its adherents live in a community of hermits, its wisemen (šeiẖs) retire in seclusion (ẖalwāt) by isolating themselves like mystics, as they deliver themselves to living in a spiritual retreat, without any religious practice ; they refer to no previous religious traditions even among the monotheistic ones, whether in reference to their sacred writings or religious practice. The Druze adheres to a tradition and a code of ethics and behaviour, as well as to culinary prohibitions. Druzism itself however, was born in the heart of Ismailism, while establishing an intellectual and a spiritual link with both ancient philosophies and neoplatonism, all the while assimilating various element of mid and far-eastern religions, mixed with Greek and Hellenistic ideas. Can we therefore speak of the Druze as if forming a sect of Islam? Can we even speak of a religion where in fact there is no trace of religiosity or religious practice either expressed or lived? Is it possible that we are facing theosophy where the link between the members of the community is certainly not founded on a philosophy? How can one qualify this phenomenon of a community where the main tenet is that of a faith which is not expressed in a religious manner, and a held doctrine the contents of which are not revealed, to which its members adhere, not knowing it fully unless once initiated? In summary, who are the Druzes, and what is Druzism? Is there a link between its doctrine and that of Gnosticism?