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Journal articles on the topic 'Dry-distillation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Chen, Bo, Bo Liu, and Zhangming Shi. "Combustion Characteristics and Combustion Kinetics of Dry Distillation Coal and Pine Tar." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2020 (November 26, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8888556.

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The samples of dry distillation pine tar and coal tar were investigated by TG-DTG-DSC, and the combustion characteristics and combustion kinetics of the samples were studied. The results show that there exist two significant mass loss peak and endothermic peak in the combustion of dry distillation coal tar and pine tar, which, respectively, means the volatile hydrocarbon combustion and heavy hydrocarbon combustion. At the first DTG peak range, the activation energy of dry distillation pine tar and coal tar is about the same at the initial stage (before DTG peak). Activation energy of the dry distillation pine tar increases sharply while that of dry distillation coal tar has little changes on the subsequent stage (after DTG peak). Dry distillated coal tar has better ignition performance, combustible characteristic, combustible stability, and integrated combustion characteristic, but difficult to burnout compared to the dry distillation pine tar.

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2

Fonslet, Jesper, and Jacek Koziorowski. "Dry Distillation of Radioiodine from TeO2 Targets." Applied Sciences 3, no. 4 (October 28, 2013): 675–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app3040675.

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3

Chulkov, V. N., A. V. Bludenko, and A. V. Ponomarev. "Electron-beam mediated dry distillation of lignin." High Energy Chemistry 41, no. 6 (November 2007): 470–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s001814390706015x.

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4

Saifullin, N. R., and R. G. Gareev. "High-vacuum “dry” distillation of atmospheric resid." Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 35, no. 6 (November 1999): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02694091.

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5

Mogot, Rivaldo Lee, Dewa Anom, and Jenny Kumajas. "Destilasi Kering Sampah Plastik Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE)." Fullerene Journal of Chemistry 5, no. 1 (April 27, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.37033/fjc.v5i1.131.

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Indonesia is the second largest contributor of plastic waste in the world. Lack of public knowledge about the negative effects of plastic waste and the management of plastic waste that has not been good causes a buildup of plastic waste. This study aims to convert LDPE plastic waste into a liquid similar to petroleum, separate and analyze the chemical components present in the liquid produced by the distillation of dry plastic waste. Plastic waste is dry distilled at temperatures up to 300 oC, without solvents involved. Liquid distilled from a distillation of dry distillation (Fractionation) to separate the chemical components. To find out what chemical components are present, the resulting liquid from multilevel distillation (Fractionation) was analyzed by means of Infrared Spectroscopy (IR) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results of IR analysis on the LDPE plastic waste fractionation distillation fluid showed the presence of Aromatic, Alkane and Alkene functional groups. The results of GC-MS analysis on the LDPE plastic waste fractionation distillation fluid for each fraction showed that in general it is a group of hydrocarbon compounds with different molecular masses.

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6

Liu, Bo, Zhang Ming Shi, Jin Qiao He, and Hui Fang Xu. "Combustion Kinetics Characteristics of Dry Distillation Coal Tar." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 831–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.831.

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In order to improve burning-out characteristic of dry distillation coal tar, the sample of dry coal tar was investigated by thermo-gravimetric analyzer(TGA), and the sample’ properties of kinetics and burning-out were studied. The results show that the dry distillated tar combustion is mainly dynamic combustion with diffusive combustion as a supplement. The combustion activation energy was 30 kJ/mol above, but the activation energy, frequency factor and reaction order appeared change on the subsequent combustion. The dry distillated coal tar is easy to be ignited, but difficult to burn out, so its maximum burn out temperature is higher.

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7

MIYATAKE, Hideo, Kazumi SAITO, and Norio KURIHARA. "Dry-distillation of experimental animal wastes containing radioisotopes." RADIOISOTOPES 37, no. 1 (1988): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.37.27.

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8

Towara, J., B. Hiller, O. Hutzinger, J. Kurz, and P. Klein. "PCDD/F in distillation residues from dry cleaners." Chemosphere 25, no. 7-10 (October 1992): 1509–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(92)90178-t.

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9

Zekovic, Zoran, Dusan Adamovic, Gordana Cetkovic, Marija Radojkovic, and Senka Vidovic. "Essential oil and extract of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 42 (2011): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt1142281z.

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Two different methods of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) essential oil isolation, steam distillation and extraction by methylene chloride (Soxhlet extraction) were investigated. After the determination of essential oil content in the investigated drug and in dry extract (using steam distillation), qualitative and quantitative composition of obtained essential oils, determined by TLC and GC-MS methods, were compared. The content of linalool was higher (52.4%) in essential oil obtained by coriander steam distillation than that in essential oil separeted from dry extract (42.8%), and, on the other hand, content of geranyl-acetate was lower (4.6% and 11.7%, respectively).

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10

Horii, M. "Gasification and dry distillation of automobile shredder residue (ASR)." JSAE Review 22, no. 1 (January 2001): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0389-4304(00)00090-4.

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11

Bludenko, A. V., A. V. Ponomarev, and V. N. Chulkov. "Electron-beam degradation of wood: 1. Dry distillation products." High Energy Chemistry 43, no. 2 (March 2009): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0018143909020039.

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12

Saito, K., H. Miyatake, H. Kobori, and N. Kurihara. "Pretreatment of Animal Wastes Containing Radioisotopes with Dry-Distillation." Health Physics 69, no. 1 (July 1995): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004032-199507000-00013.

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13

Charles, Denys J., and James E. Simon. "Comparison of Extraction Methods for the Rapid Determination of Essential Oil Content and Composition of Basil." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 115, no. 3 (May 1990): 458–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.115.3.458.

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Essential oils were extracted from leaves, flowers, and stems of Ocimum basilicurn, O. kilimandscharicum, and O. micranthum by solvent extraction, hydrodistillation, and steam distillation for essential oil content and the oil analyzed by GC and GC/MS for composition. While the yield of essential oil was consistently higher from steam distillation than hydrodistillation, a similar number of compounds was recovered from both hydrodistillation and steam distillation. Though the relative concentration of the major constituents was similar by both methods, the absolute amounts were higher with steam distillation. Essential oil content and composition varied by plant species and plant part. Essential oil content was highest in flowers for O. basilicum and in leaves for O. micranthum. No significant differences were observed in essential oil yield and relative concentration of major constituents using fresh or dry samples and using samples from 75 g to 10 g of dry plant tissue. While minor differences between hydrodistillation and steam distillation were observed, both methods resulted in high yields and good recovery of essential oil constituents. Hydrodistillation is a more-rapid and simpler technique than steam and permits the extraction of essential oil where steam is not accessible.

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14

Kouwanou, Cosme Sagbo, Cokou Pascal Agbangnan Dossa, Euloge Sènan Adjou, Mossi Issiakou, Valentin Dieudonné Wotto, and Dominique Codjo Koko Sohounhloué. "Valorization of Typha Australis Stems in Bioethanol Production Using Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Biofermentation." Academic Journal of Chemistry, no. 410 (October 25, 2019): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/ajc.410.90.95.

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The present study aims to valorize the Typha australis stems, through second-generation bioethanol production using enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. The monitoring of fermentation kinetics parameters, such as pH, density, length of fermentation, and the Brix, indicated a great variability of these parameters during the fermentation process of the must with three Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, such as Angel brand Thermal-tolerant alcohol active dry yeast, Angel brand super alcohol active dry yeast and Angel super alcohol active dry yeast in the presence of urea (CON2H4) used as a growth factor. The distillation of musts after fermentation has yielded ethanol extraction rate (% v / v at 20 ° C) between 4.95and 44.93 after fractional distillation. The best performance in ethanolic bioconversion was recorded with Angel brand super alcohol active dry yeast. This Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains could be used as effective ferments, in perspective of intensive production of second-generation bioethanol with Typha australis stems.

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15

Malanoski, Anthony J., Wertice J. Smith, and Thomas Phillipo. "Comparison of Three Methods for Determination of /V-Nitrosopyrrolidine in Fried Dry-Cured and Pump-Cured Bacon." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 71, no. 3 (May 1, 1988): 504–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/71.3.504.

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Abstract Three methods, the mineral oil distillation (MOD), the dry column (DC), and a low temperature vacuum distillation (LTVD), for the determination of iV-nitrosopyrrolidine in dry-cured and pump-cured bacon were compared. Each method uses the thermal energy analyzer for the determinative step. The coefficients of variation for repeatability were 10.3% (MOD), 7.2% (DC), and 9.1% (LTVD) for the dry-cured bacon study and 8.7% (MOD), 8.5% (DC), and 7.1% (LTVD) for the pump-cured bacon study. The pooled coefficients of variation for between-method reproducibility were 11.8% for the drycured bacon and 10.8% for the pump-cured bacon. The pooled coefficients of variation for repeatability were 9.0% for the dry-cured bacon and 8.2% for the pump-cured bacon. These values compare favorably with the values from previous collaborative or validation studies of the individual methods, and the methods can be considered to be equivalent

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16

Osman, Nurshahidah, Azuraida Amat, Nurazlin Ahmad, and Kaida Khalid. "A Study on the Performance of Microwave Extraction System (MES) for the Extraction of Essential Oils from Jasminum sambac Flowers: Rapidity and Quantity of Yield." Advanced Materials Research 622-623 (December 2012): 1745–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.622-623.1745.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate MES and CEM for the extraction of essential oils from Jasminum sambac flowers using various methods such as dry distillation (DD), wet distillation (WD), hydro distillation (HD) and steam distillation (SD). The MES was performed by DD and WD at irradiation power of about 450 W and temperature about 100 °C for 1 hour whereas CEM was performed by HD and SD at extraction power of 450 W and temperature 100 °C for 8 hours. After 1 hour of microwave extraction, it was possible to collect sufficient essential oil which provided comparable yields to those obtained with 8 hours by CEM. To obtain its first oil droplet, it was necessary to heat only 5 min with DD and 9 min with WD against 15 min for HD and 42 min for SD. In terms of yield, MES contributed higher percentage of yield with 0.10 % and 0.06 % for DD and WD, respectively whereas both HD and SD contributed only 0.02 %.

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17

Xu, Dong, Yi Wei Chen, Hua Guo, Han Qiang Liu, Ying Dong Xue, Wen Fu Zhang, and Yu Cai Sun. "Review of Germanium Recovery Technologies from Coal." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 565–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.565.

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This paper summarizes the Ge recovery technologies from coal, the traditional treating process is firstly introduced, which is burning and recycle burning the coal for Ge enrichment in the fly ash and then Ge is recovered by Chloride distillation method. The process material balance is calculated as followed. Different hydrometallurgical methods for Ge recovery from ash are compared for the advantage and disadvantage. The other methods like microbial leaching and dry distillation are reviewed as well. Lastly, the drawbacks and development direction of Ge recovery from coal are predicted.

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18

Alkire, B. H., and J. E. Simon. "A Portable Steam Distillation Unit for Essential Oil Crops." HortTechnology 2, no. 4 (October 1992): 473–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.2.4.473.

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An experimental steam distillation unit has been designed, built, and tested for the extraction of essential oils from peppermint and spearmint. The unit, using a 130-gal (510-liter) distillation tank, is intermediate in size between laboratory-scale extractors and commercial-sized distilleries, yet provides oil in sufficient quantity for industrial evaluation. The entire apparatus-a diesel-fuel-fired boiler, extraction vessel, condenser, and oil collector-is trailer-mounted, making it transportable to commercial farms or research stations. Percentage yields of oil per dry weight from the unit were slightly less than from laboratory hydrodistillations, but oil quality and terpene composition were similar.

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19

Cavalcanti, Suzane M., and Paul I. Barton. "Multiple Steady States and Nonsmooth Bifurcations in Dry and Vaporless Distillation Columns." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 59, no. 40 (September 4, 2020): 18000–18018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02328.

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20

Yuan, Zhi Yang. "Comprehensive Utilization of Oil Shale with Analysis of Material Properties." Advanced Materials Research 625 (December 2012): 247–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.625.247.

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Comprehensive utilization of oil shale with analysis of material properties is introduced in this paper, including power generation and waste rock production of oil shale, cement raw materials production of oil shale and burned rock, and road repairing. Dry distillation oil refining technology of fluid oil shale, which has reached the international advanced level, is mainly described in this paper. With this technology, a project of fluid distillation oil refining with 600000 tons of oil shale per year is going to be started in Harbin Coal Chemical Limited Company, as well as an energy saving project of producing light shale oil.

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21

Carleton, T. J., and K. M. M. Dunham. "Distillation in a boreal mossy forest floor." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33, no. 4 (April 1, 2003): 663–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x02-197.

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The feathermoss-dominated floor of coniferous boreal forests can experience midsummer drought. From ecophysiological studies, based on single shoots, it is unclear how the live moss carpet can survive such stress. External capillary wicking from the lowest, moist organic layers is one possibility. Another is evaporation from the same source followed by condensation on the upper, live moss shoots (distillation). A laboratory wicking experiment showed that, under ideal conditions, much of the organic forest floor profile can be supplied with moisture by capillarity from below. However, the uppermost live moss shoots could not be hydrated by this mechanism. In contrast, a gravimetric field experiment indicated nocturnal mass gain by turves of live moss shoots, placed in situ on the forest floor, during dry-down conditions. For turf treatments with an underlying vapour barrier, no such mass gain was evident. Turf treatments with a vapour barrier on top were little different from controls. It is concluded that nocturnal distillation occurs during all summer dry-downs and that this is likely to ensure moss shoot survival during diurnal periods of drought stress. Limited microclimate monitoring indicated that nocturnal cooling at the forest floor surface was sufficient to bring the moss shoot surfaces to the dew point and to reverse the daytime temperature gradient through the organic forest floor profile. This appears to be most noticeable late in the growing season when the lowermost organic layers have progressively warmed throughout the summer.

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22

Iida, S. "Development of batch-type dry distillation/gasification technology for ASR (automobile shredder residue)." JSAE Review 20, no. 2 (April 1999): 275–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0389-4304(98)00067-8.

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23

Kholodkova, E. M., A. V. Ponomarev, P. K. Metreveli, and A. K. Metreveli. "Effect of absorbed dose on the postradiation dry distillation of cellulose and lignin." High Energy Chemistry 47, no. 6 (November 2013): 286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0018143913060040.

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24

Uda, Tetsuya, Sergey Komarov, and Masahiro Hirasawa. "Dry Separation for Rare Earth by Vacuum Distillation of Di and Triiodide Mixture." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 42, no. 8 (2001): 1813–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.42.1813.

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25

TAKEUCHI, Kumeji, Koji ITO, Masahiro IWAMA, Nobuyo OISHI, Richi SHIRAKATA, Kyoko KAWABATA, Yasuyoshi TORIGOE, and Hiroshi KOGO. "Anti-inflammatory activity of the dry distillation tar of delipidated soybean (Glyteer). 1." Folia Pharmacologica Japonica 85, no. 5 (1985): 397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/fpj.85.397.

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26

TAKEUCHI, Kumeji, Koji ITO, and Satsuki NAMIKAWA. "Anti-inflammatory activity of the dry distillation tar of delipidated soybean (Glyteer). (2)." Folia Pharmacologica Japonica 91, no. 1 (1988): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/fpj.91.1.

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27

Nishinaka, I., K. Hashimoto, and H. Suzuki. "Thin layer chromatography for astatine and iodine in solutions prepared by dry distillation." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 318, no. 2 (August 17, 2018): 897–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-018-6088-6.

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28

TIGRINEKORDJANI, N., B. MEKLATI, and F. CHEMAT. "Microwave ‘dry’ distillation as an useful tool for extraction of edible essential oils." International Journal of Aromatherapy 16, no. 3-4 (2006): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijat.2006.09.007.

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29

Frolova, Nataliia, Anatoliy Ukrainets, Olga Korablova, and Volodymyr Voitsekhivskyi. "Plants of Nepeta cataria var. citriodora Beck. and essential oils from them for food industry." Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 13, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 449–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1109.

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Nepeta cataria var. citriodora Beck. (catmints) is a source industrial production of citral and attractive raw material for food industry and cooking. Aerial part of Nepeta are characterized by high antimicrobial activity and fungicidal action against mold fungi, used in folk medicine, as ingredient in recipes for sausages, liqueurs and soft drinks, vegetable and fruit canned food, in the manufacture of vermouth. Ukrainian variety 'Melody' was created specifically for growing in the Forest-Steppe zone, and variety 'Peremozhets' – in the Steppe zone. Data on the yield aerial part and essential oil Nepeta was determined. The dry aerial part of plants N. cataria we used to create a dry spicy mixture for sweet dessert dishes. Quantitative content and qualitative composition of essential oil of plants by organs and phases of vegetation are presented in the article. In our research we used essential oils obtained by hydro distillation procedure for 2 h using Clevendger-type apparatus from the flowering parts of plants N. cataria 'Peremozhets' and 'Melody'. Investigate of components was carried out by high effective gas chromatography with HP 6890 chromatograph coupled with HP 5972 mass selective detector. The most abundant components of Nepeta essential oil was citral, geraniol, as well as nerol, citronellol, citronellal, carvacrol, camphor, eugenol. We proposed fractional distillation of essential oils to obtain a line of flavors with stable sensory and physicochemical indicators for food industry. The separation of essential oils into fractions was carried out on a pilot installation of fractional distillation DFD (Device of Fractional Distillation). Calculations of parameters controlled dispersal of essential oils (residual pressure, temperature regimes, number of theoretical plates, reflux number) were carried out. During fractionation of essential oil of N. cataria four fractions were obtained with a content of 96 ±0.5% to the total mass of samples. Sensory and physicochemical analysis of aromatic fractions announced them as promising flavours for food industry.

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30

Holland, Amy, Dominik Wechsler, Anjali Patel, Brian M. Molloy, Alaina R. Boyd, and Philip G. Jessop. "Separation of bitumen from oil sands using a switchable hydrophilicity solvent." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 90, no. 10 (October 2012): 805–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v2012-061.

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Separation of bitumen from oil sands is far more efficient with an organic solvent than with the conventional hot water (Clark) process, but the removal of the organic solvent from the bitumen requires distillation. Distillation is problematic because of the energy cost and the need for a volatile solvent (which is therefore likely to be flammable and smog-forming). A switchable hydrophilicity solvent (SHS) is a solvent that is water-miscible in the presence of an atmosphere of CO2 but separates from water when CO2 is absent. Extraction of bitumen from low-grade high-fines oil sands using a SHS (CyNMe2) is efficient, removing 94%–97% of the bitumen. The resulting solids (sand and clay) are dry, free-flowing, and contaminated with only 0.4 wt % of bitumen and as little as 102 ppm of the solvent. No distillation step was required to recover the solvent from the bitumen. Instead, carbonated water extraction removed the solvent from the oil. Losses of the CyNMe2 solvent were, for the best method, 0.06 grams of solvent per gram of bitumen recovered. The method recovers more oil than the Clark process, produces cleaner solids, works with low-grade high-fines oil sands, and requires neither distillation nor a volatile solvent.

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31

Palmieri, Sara, Francesca Maggio, Marika Pellegrini, Antonella Ricci, Annalisa Serio, Antonello Paparella, and Claudio Lo Sterzo. "Effect of the Distillation Time on the Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Potential and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils from Different Cannabis sativa L. Cultivars." Molecules 26, no. 16 (August 6, 2021): 4770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26164770.

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Within the unavoidable variability of various origins in the characteristics of essential oils, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the distillation time on the chemical composition and biological activity of Cannabis sativa essential oils (EOs). The dry inflorescences came from Carmagnola, Kompolti, Futura 75, Gran Sasso Kush and Carmagnola Lemon varieties from Abruzzo region (Central Italy), the last two being new cultivar here described for the first time. EOs were collected at 2 h and 4 h of distillation; GC/MS technique was applied to characterize their volatile fraction. The EOs were evaluated for total polyphenol content (TPC), antioxidant capacity (AOC) and antimicrobial activity against food-borne pathogens and spoilage bacteria. The time of distillation particularly influenced EOs chemical composition, extracting more or less terpenic components, but generally enriching with minor sesquiterpenes and cannabidiol. A logical response in ratio of time was observed for antioxidant potential, being the essential oils at 4 h of distillation more active than those distilled for 2 h, and particularly Futura 75. Conversely, except for Futura 75, the effect of time on the antimicrobial activity was variable and requires further investigations; nevertheless, the inhibitory activity of all EOs against Pseudomonas fluorescens P34 was an interesting result.

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32

Takeuchi, Kumeji, and Koji Ito. "The anti-inflamatory activity of the dry distillation tar of delipidated soybean (Glyteer) (2)." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 40 (1986): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)59428-8.

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33

ITO, Koji, Satsuki MAEDA, Kosuke TAKATORI, and Kumeji TAKEUCHI. "Pharmacological study on the dry distillation tar of delipidated soybean (Glyteer). (5): antimicrobial activity." Folia Pharmacologica Japonica 105, no. 6 (1995): 469–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/fpj.105.469.

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34

Ramírez-Garnica, M. A., P. Schacht-Hernández, and D. D. Mamora. "Experimental and Analytical Studies of Hydrocarbon Yields under Dry, Steam, and Steam-Propane Distillation." Petroleum Science and Technology 26, no. 4 (February 27, 2008): 369–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10916460600806127.

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35

Groom, Peter, Tine Schenck, and Grethe Moéll Pedersen. "Experimental explorations into the aceramic dry distillation of Betula pubescens (downy birch) bark tar." Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences 7, no. 1 (June 21, 2013): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12520-013-0144-5.

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36

Shafiq, Umar, Azmi M. Shariff, Muhammad Babar, Babar Azeem, Abulhassan Ali, and Azmi Bustam. "Study of dry ice formation during blowdown of CO₂-CH₄ from cryogenic distillation column." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 64 (March 2020): 104073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2020.104073.

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37

Nishinaka, Ichiro, Kohshin Washiyama, and Kazuyuki Hashimoto. "Adsorption temperature of volatile astatine species formed via dry distillation in a glass tube." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 329, no. 3 (July 17, 2021): 1459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-021-07879-6.

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38

Greenberg, J. P., H. Friedli, A. B. Guenther, D. Hanson, P. Harley, and T. Karl. "Volatile organic emissions from the distillation and pyrolysis of vegetation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 6, no. 1 (January 13, 2006): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-81-2006.

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Abstract. Leaf and woody plant tissue (Pinus ponderosa, Eucalyptus saligna, Quercus gambelli, Saccharum officinarum and Oriza sativa) were heated from 30 to 300°C and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions were identified and quantified. Major VOC emissions were mostly oxygenated and included acetic acid, furylaldehyde, acetol, pyrazine, terpenes, 2,3-butadione, phenol and methanol, as well as smaller emissions of furan, acetone, acetaldehyde, acetonitrile and benzaldehyde. Total VOC emissions from distillation and pyrolysis were on the order of 10 gC/kgC dry weight of vegetation, as much as 33% and 44% of CO2 emissions (gC(VOC)/gC(CO2)) measured during the same experiments, in air and nitrogen atmospheres, respectively. The emissions are similar in identity and quantity to those from smoldering combustion of woody tissue and of different character than those evolved during flaming combustion. VOC emissions from the distillation of pools and endothermic pyrolysis under low turbulence conditions may produce flammable concentrations near leaves and may facilitate the propagation of wildfires. VOC emissions from charcoal production are also related to distillation and pyrolysis; the emissions of the highly reactive VOCs from production are as large as the carbon monoxide emissions.

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39

Greenberg, J. P., H. Friedli, A. B. Guenther, D. Hanson, P. Harley, and T. Karl. "Volatile organic emissions from the distillation and pyrolysis of vegetation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 5, no. 5 (September 22, 2005): 9097–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-5-9097-2005.

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Abstract. Leaf and woody plant tissue (Pinus ponderosa, Eucalyptus saligna, Quercus gambelli, Saccharum officinarum and Oriza sativa) were heated from 30 to 300°C and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions were identified and quantified. Major VOC emissions were acetic acid, furylaldehyde, methyl acetate, pyrazine, terpenes, 2,3-butadione, phenol and methanol, as well as smaller emissions of furan, acetone, acetaldehyde, acetonitrile and benzaldehyde. Total VOC emissions from distillation and pyrolysis were on the order of 10 mgC/gC dry weight of vegetation, as much as 33% and 44% of CO2 emissions (gC(VOC)/gC(CO2)) measured during the same experiments, in air and nitrogen atmospheres, respectively. The emissions are similar in identity and quantity to those from smoldering combustion of woody tissue and of different character than those evolved during flaming combustion. VOC emissions from the distillation of pools and the pyrolysis of vegetation heated under low turbulence conditions produces concentrations near leaves that reach the lower limits of flammability and the emissions may be important in the propagation of wildfires. VOC emissions from charcoal production are also related to distillation and pyrolysis; the emissions of the highly reactive VOCs from production are as large as the carbon monoxide emissions.

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Zhang, Ze, and Shuting Zhang. "Indirect Drying and Coking Characteristics of Coking Coal with Soda Residue Additive." Energies 14, no. 3 (January 23, 2021): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14030575.

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To improve indirect drying efficiency, the effect of soda residue on the drying characteristics of coking coal were studied using a self-made indirect drying system. A tube furnace was used in the dry distillation of coal samples with soda residue, and the coke properties were analyzed. The results indicated that the soda residue has a significant influence on the increase in the heating rate of coal samples in the temperature distribution range of 90 to 110 °C. With the addition of 2%, 5%, and 10% soda residue, the drying rates increased by 11.5%, 25.3%, and 37.3%, respectively at 110 °C. The results of dry distillation show that addition of 2%, 5% and 10% soda residue decreases the carbon loss quantity by 4.67, 4.99, and 8.82 g, respectively. The mechanical strength of coke samples satisfies the industrial conditions when the soda residue ratio ranges from 2% to 5%. Soda residue can improve the active point of coke dissolution reaction and inhibit coke internal solution. Economically, coking coal samples mixed with soda residue have an obvious energy saving advantage in the drying process. Energy saving analysis found that it can reduce cost input by 20% than that of the normal drying method.

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Ashari, Arif. "Isolation of Essential Oils from Essential Roots (Vetiveria zizanoides L.) with Preparation Using Liquid Nitrogen." Stannum : Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia 1, no. 1 (October 15, 2019): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/jstk.v1i1.1418.

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Fragrant root oil production can be done by various methods including distillation, pressing, extraction using solvents and extraction using solid fat. Efforts to increase the production of quality fragrant root oil before the extraction process carried out 2 treatments on the sample, namely chopping and preparation using liquid nitrogen. Research that has been carried out sample preparation using N2 (l) has proven to be effective in increasing oil yield. In fresh samples, the yield of oil obtained from the steam-hydro distillation method is 0.84% (variation 1) and 1.2% (variation 2) while for the socletation method is 1% (variation 1) and 2.4% ( variation 2). From the results of GC-MS analysis, the fragrant root oil of the dry sample was identified as composed of 68 components and there were 2 components that were suspected as oil fingerprints namely khusimene (4.44%) and nootkatone (2.02%)

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Kamli, Taha EL, Faouzi Errachidi, Noureddine Eloutassi, Houmane Majid, Rachida Chabir, and Abdellatif Bour. "Comparaison Quantitative Et Qualitative Des Huiles Essentielles De Rosmarinus Officinalis Obtenues Par Différentes Méthodes." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 21 (July 31, 2017): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n21p172.

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Rosmarinus officinalis is among the most abundant medicinal and aromatic plants in Morocco. There are several factors that influence the yield of quality and quantity of essential oils of this plant. This work focuses on the study, characterization and comparison of the chemical composition of essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis. The raw material studied is originally from the central part of northern Morocco (Skoura M'Daz region, Eastern Middle Atlas). The essential oils of rosemary were obtained by three different extraction methods : DA: Artisanal distillation, the essential oils were obtained directly from small cooperatives using a very traditional (nonindustrial) method and based on the technique of Steam distillation ; DI: Industrial distillation which is also based on Steam distillation; DC: hydrodistillation by clevenger apparatus Laboratory. The physicochemical characterization of essential oils focuses on the search for the yield of % essential oil with regard to the dry rosemary biomass, density, refractive index and rotatory power. The chemical analyzes were carried out by gas chromatography (GC), they identified 11 components representing more than 99.64% of the essential oil and indicate that the chemotype is 1.8 cineole and is varied according to the method (DI: 48.83%, DA: 41.28% and DC: 51.77%). In conclusion we have shown a quantitative and qualitative loss of essential oils due to the extraction method of essential oils, which has direct repercussions on the economy of rural Morocco and consequently on their sustainable development.

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Galewsky, Joseph, and Kimberly Samuels-Crow. "Summertime Moisture Transport to the Southern South American Altiplano: Constraints from In Situ Measurements of Water Vapor Isotopic Composition." Journal of Climate 28, no. 7 (March 27, 2015): 2635–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00511.1.

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Abstract Austral summer transport of water vapor to the southern South American Altiplano is investigated using in situ measurements of water vapor isotopic composition collected from 1 November 2012 to 10 February 2013 on the Chajnantor Plateau in the Chilean Andes. Onset of the wet season in December was associated with an increase in mixing ratios from an average of 1500 ppmv during the winter dry season to 5400 ppmv in early December. Water vapor isotopes δD and δ18O increased from dry season averages of −235‰ and −31‰, respectively, to wet season averages of −142‰ and −17‰, reaching as high as −70‰ and −17‰, respectively. The highest water vapor δ values were close to those measured in coastal settings, suggesting little condensation during transport to the site. About 5% of the wet season data have δ values that are lower than expected for Rayleigh distillation and are associated with high relative humidity (>75%), easterly winds, and periods of low outgoing longwave radiation over the Altiplano, consistent with moistening by deep convection. The remainder of the data have δ values that are greater than expected for Rayleigh distillation, up to 250‰ above the Rayleigh curve. These data are consistent with mixing between very dry air and moist air from the boundary layer. The data show intraseasonal variability coherently linked to the position of the Bolivian high, with moist air associated with a southward displacement in the Bolivian high. The humidity over the southern Altiplano during the wet season reflects a balance among advective drying, advective moistening with little condensation, and convective moistening.

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Kosutic, Milenko, Jelena Filipovic, Lato Pezo, Dragana Plavsic, and Milan Ivkov. "Physical and sensory properties of corn flakes with added dry residue of wild oregano distillation." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 81, no. 9 (2016): 1013–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc160308051k.

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According to the modern nutritionist opinions, cereal products such as flakes and snacks are the most common foods in the daily diet. Extrusion technology makes it possible to apply different sources of ingredients for the enrichment of cereal-based flakes or snack products. Substances with strong antioxidant properties such as wild oregano have a positive impact on human health. Therefore, they attract the attention of scientists, consumers and food industry experts. This paper investigates the effects of the simultaneous addition of dry residue from wild oregano distillation (0.5 g / 100g of sample and 1 g / 100g of sample), on the physical-textural and color properties of corn flakes in order to create a new product with improved nutritional properties. The addition of dry residue of wild oregano positively influenced physical characteristics (decreased bulk density 30.2 %, increased expansion rate 44.9 %), as well as texture hardness and the work of compression, 38.1 % and 40.3 %, respectively. Also, oregano significantly changed the color of flakes. Tukey?s HSD test showed statistically significant differences between most of the mean values of physical-textural, color and sensory attributes in the oregano-added corn flakes compared to the control sample. Principal component analysis has been applied to classify the samples according to differences in the studied parameters. The data pointed out that investigated corn flakes with the addition of wild oregano are new food products with good physical-textural and sensory properties due to a higher level of antioxidant activity. Moreover, it may contribute to the valorization of edible industrial waste in food production.

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Ferhat, M. A., M. N. Boukhatem, M. Hazzit, and F. Chemat. "Rapid extraction of volatile compounds from Citrus fruits using a microwave dry distillation." Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 8, no. 3 (March 14, 2018): 753. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v8i3.6.

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Tolmachev, Vladimir, Hans Lundqvist, and Lars Einarsson. "Diffusion-based separation methods: Dry distillation of zinc, cadmium and mercury isotopes from irradiated targets." Applied Radiation and Isotopes 48, no. 5 (May 1997): 565–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-8043(96)00339-9.

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Ellison, Paul A., Aeli P. Olson, Todd E. Barnhart, Sabrina L. V. Hoffman, Sean W. Reilly, Mehran Makvandi, Jennifer L. Bartels, et al. "Improved production of 76Br, 77Br and 80mBr via CoSe cyclotron targets and vertical dry distillation." Nuclear Medicine and Biology 80-81 (January 2020): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2019.09.001.

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Yang, Lanhe. "MODEL AND CALCULATION OF DRY DISTILLATION GAS MOVEMENT IN THE PROCESS OF UNDERGROUND COAL GASIFICATION." Numerical Heat Transfer, Part B: Fundamentals 43, no. 6 (June 2003): 587–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713836314.

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Ma, Sum, Mahfud Mahfud, and Ali Altway. "Parameter for scale-up of extraction Cymbopogon nardus dry leaf using microwave assisted hydro-distillation." Journal of Applied Engineering Science 17, no. 2 (2019): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jaes17-20216.

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Wang, Fang, Jun Li Zhang, Ying Chen, Qing Ming Luo, and Yong Li Hao. "Current Status of Comprehensive Use and Management Recommendations of Coal Tar in China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 768 (June 2015): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.768.82.

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Based on dry distillation temperature and properties, coal tar can be divided into high temperature coal tar and medium & low temperature coal tar. This paper introduces current status of generation and comprehensive use of high temperature coal tar and medium & low temperature coal tar in China, analyzes poor practice and management problems in the process of comprehensive use of coal tar, and puts forward countermeasures and recommendations for comprehensive use of coal tar in China.

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