Journal articles: 'Dry sorption'

1

Groll, M. "Reaction beds for dry sorption machines." Heat Recovery Systems and CHP 13, no. 4 (July 1993): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0890-4332(93)90059-5.

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Martínez-Las Heras, R., A. Heredia, M. L. Castelló, and A. Andrés. "Moisture sorption isotherms and isosteric heat of sorption of dry persimmon leaves." Food Bioscience 7 (September 2014): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2014.06.002.

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Lin, Tsair-Fuh. "Diffusion and sorption of water vapor and benzene within a dry model soil organic matter." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 7 (April 1, 1997): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0269.

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The sorption behavior of water vapor and benzene within a dry model soil organic matter (SOM), peat, was studied. An electrobalance system was employed to determine both the equilibrium sorption isotherm and sorption-desorption kinetics. The sorption isotherm for water vapor was found to resemble that previously reported for this sample, while the sorption isotherm for benzene could not be determined, due to a failure to obtain reproducible sorption capacity. In the kinetic study, strong asymmetries between sorption and desorption rates were observed for both water vapor and benzene. Two diffusion models, accounting for either gas-phase pore diffusion within peat grains or solid-phase diffusion within microspheres of SOM, were used to interpret the asymmetric sorption rate data. Considering gas-phase pore diffusion only, the model resolved the asymmetry of sorption rates and described the experimental data very well for water vapor at three different concentrations. However, the pore diffusion model failed to capture the dominant feature of the experimental data for benzene. As a refinement, a model assuming that solid-phase intra-SOM diffusion is the rate-limiting mechanism produced a better description of the experimental data.

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Allen, R. W. K., E. D. Archer, and J. M. MacInnes. "Theoretical account of a dry sorption injection experiment." AIChE Journal 47, no. 12 (December 2001): 2684–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690471208.

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Hirabayashi, Daisuke, Shoji Ozawa, Hitoki Matsuda, and Naoki Tanahashi. "Dry HCl Sorption Characteristics of CaO-MgO Sorbents." KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU 28, no. 6 (2002): 768–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/kakoronbunshu.28.768.

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TANAHASHI, Naoki, Hiroyuki HIROTA, Daisuke HIRABAYASHI, Kazumasa NARUSE, Yoshihiro KOJIMA, and Hitoki MATSUDA. "Simultaneous Dry Sorption of UCl and SO2 by Na2CO3." Shigen-to-Sozai 121, no. 2/3 (2005): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2473/shigentosozai.121.58.

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7

Fellows, Kenneth T., and Michael J. Pilat. "HCI Sorption by Dry NaHCO3 for Incinerator Emissions Control." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 40, no. 6 (June 1990): 887–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10473289.1990.10466734.

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8

Vitázek, I., and J. Havelka. "Sorption isotherms of agricultural products." Research in Agricultural Engineering 60, Special Issue (December 30, 2014): S52—S56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/35/2013-rae.

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The aim of the paper is to expand the theory of sorption and equilibrium moisture contents as well as to present the methodology of developing two types of sorption isotherms – I and II. The attention is also paid to the importance of the isotherms in the thermodynamics of drying and in the process of storage of agricultural products. Presented methodology of obtaining the isotherms is based on selected equations of the theory of adsorption and on the results of experimental measurements of equilibrium moisture content. Definition of the new isotherm II is introduced as dependence of equilibrium moisture content dry basis on time at constant temperature, constant relative moisture of the ambient air and stable biological properties (e.g. germination). The results show following graphic dependences: isothermal distort plane; sorption isotherm I of maize grains at various temperatures; moisture loss rate in dependence on time and sorption isotherm II. These theoretical dependences supported by experimental measurements broaden the scope of the theory of sorption and may be successfully applied in long-term storage of maize grains.

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9

Gallucci, Katia, Francesca Micheli, Alessandro Poliandri, Leucio Rossi, and Pier Ugo Foscolo. "CO2 Sorption by Hydrotalcite-Like Compounds in Dry and Wet Conditions." International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering 13, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 335–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2014-0167.

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Abstract A pre-combustion removal option, coupling water–gas shift and CO2 capture is the well-known sorption-enhanced water–gas shift (SEWGS): the removal of CO2 produced by WGS reaction, shifting the thermodynamic equilibrium, enhances H2 production. Among the different CO2 sorbents, hydrotalcite-like compounds work at the required intermediate temperature (T = 200–400°C). Using low supersaturation method, three different sorbents were synthesized. Sieved fractions were impregnated with 20%w/w K2CO3 and then dried and subjected to thermal treatment. Sample characterization was performed by means of FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD analysis and TG-DTA analysis. Sample analysis was carried out after synthesis, thermal treatment (calcination) and after fixed bed reactor capture tests. Sorption and desorption tests were performed in a fixed bed microreactor, under cyclic conditions, at temperature level of T = 350°C and P = 5 bar in dry and wet condition. The amount of CO2 captured by the sorbent in each test was quantified by means of a first order with dead time flow distribution model applied to the experimental system. Sorption capacity of sorbents in dry conditions increases of 30% with respect to previous atmospheric pressure results obtained in fluidized bed. These sorbents seem to be good candidates to be used as a bi-functional sorbent-catalyst for SEWGS.

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Yang, Feng, Congjiao Xie, Zhengfu Ning, and Bernhard M. Krooss. "High-Pressure Methane Sorption on Dry and Moisture-Equilibrated Shales." Energy & Fuels 31, no. 1 (December 29, 2016): 482–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b02999.

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HELEN, H. J., and S. G. GILBERT. "Moisture Sorption of Dry Bakery Products by Inverse Gas Chromatography." Journal of Food Science 50, no. 2 (August 25, 2006): 454–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1985.tb13426.x.

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12

Robens, E., A. Dąbrowski, and E. Robens. "Gravimetric measurement of water vapour sorption, moisture and dry mass." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 76, no. 2 (2004): 639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jtan.0000028043.06679.53.

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13

Schneider, Martina, and Kai-Uwe Goss. "Prediction of the water sorption isotherm in air dry soils." Geoderma 170 (January 2012): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.10.008.

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Deng, Baoqing, Ruixue Tian, and Chang Nyung Kim. "An analytical solution for VOCs sorption on dry building materials." Heat and Mass Transfer 43, no. 4 (April 12, 2006): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00231-006-0117-7.

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15

Park, Hyun Kyoo, Myung Won Bae, Ok Seon Yoon, and Sun-Geon Kim. "CO2 sorption by dry sorbent prepared from CaO–SiO2 resources." Chemical Engineering Journal 195-196 (July 2012): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.04.064.

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Skowroński, Tadeusz, Jacek Pirszel, and Barbara Pawlik Skowrońska. "Heavy Metal Removal by the Waste Biomass of Penicillium chrysogenum." Water Quality Research Journal 36, no. 4 (November 1, 2001): 793–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2001.042.

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Abstract Metal sorption capacity of the granulated biosorbent derived from the waste biomass of Penicillium chrysogenum was examined. The potential metal sorption abilities of the biosorbent were estimated as the cation-exchange capacity, using a potentiometric titration. The total binding capacity, calculated for the pH range 3 to 8 was about 511 µeq/g dry weight. The granular biosorbent was capable of Cd, Zn, Cu and Pb binding. The kinetics of the heavy metal sorption were typical of the microbial dead biomass; metals were bound in the first few minutes. Sorption was a saturable process and the maximum sorption capacity, calculated from the Langmuir equation for the particular heavy metals was: 96 mg Pb; 21.5 mg Cd; 13 mg Zn and 11.7 mg Cu (per g dry weight). Optimum pH values for Cd, Zn and Cu sorption were about 7, while for Pb about 6. Heavy metal removal from different solutions was examined using the biosorption columns packed with P. chrysogenum, which efficiently removed Cd from 1 mM Cd solution, or Cd and Zn from the industrial wastewater. The studied biosorbent was capable of accumulating Cd and Zn even at the high Ca concentration.

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Shi, Jingbo, Yasuo Kawai, Stavros Avramidis, Jiabin Cai, and Huijun Dong. "Water sorption hysteresis in wood near 100 °C." Holzforschung 75, no. 1 (January 26, 2021): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2019-0228.

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AbstractWhether water sorption hysteresis exists above 75 °C and the representation of its relationship with wood softening remains unclear. In this study, sorption hysteresis at three temperature levels, namely, 75, 90 and 99.5 °C, was investigated using accurately controlled conditioning chambers using powder samples from seven wood species. The dry mass loss percentage of the samples and proper equilibrium time was evaluated by pretests to ensure reliable sorption isotherms afterwards. The dry mass loss percentage after the entire sorption isotherm running needs to be kept within 0.5% to avoid complications in determining the equilibrium time. The abrupt increase of equilibrium moisture content at high relative humidity regions and the crossover of adsorption isotherms were not observed. Hysteresis was conspicuous at 75 and 90 °C and was statistically confirmed at 99.5 °C. High sample extractives content or unnecessarily long equilibrium time would cause significant sample dry mass loss, which may suppress the desorption isotherm to an extent that leads to unjustified hysteresis disappearance. The hysteresis behavior observed in this study suggests that wood softening does not necessarily result in hysteresis disappearance, and the explanation of hysteresis progression as a function of wood softening temperature must be evaluated with care in the future.

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18

Landfeld, A., M. Houška, and K. Hoke. "Sorption and thermal properties of rice, potato starch, and oat flakes." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 26, No. 6 (January 11, 2009): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1363-cjfs.

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A precise design of the equipment for thermal sterilisation of rice, potato starch, and oat flakes by dry heat requires the knowledge of the relevant values of physical properties of these products. Water activity and enthalpy are presented as functions of temperature and humidity. Water activity was measured as a function of the moisture content and temperature in the desorption process that reproduces the real conditions existing during dry heat processing in the pilot rotating steriliser equipment. The heat of evaporation can be predicted from these data as a function of the moisture content of these products. DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) method was used for measuring the enthalpy of these products as a function of temperature during desorption of moist products starting from various levels of the moisture content. The total energy Ec necessary for heating the product and evaporation of the given amount of water can be calculated.

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19

Schneckenburger, Tatjana, and Sören Thiele-Bruhn. "Sorption of PAHs and PAH derivatives in peat soil is affected by prehydration status: the role of SOM and sorbate properties." Journal of Soils and Sediments 20, no. 10 (June 23, 2020): 3644–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02695-z.

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Abstract Purpose Sorption of organic compounds to soil largely determines their mobility and bioavailability in ecosystems. It is well known that molecular properties of the organic sorbates affect the sorbed amounts and sorption kinetics. But also changes in the hydration status of soils alter the physicochemical and sorptive properties of soil organic matter (SOM), which is the main sorbent for organic compounds in soils. This study elucidates the effects of varying SOM prehydration status on sorption of PAHs and PAH derivatives in peat soil. Materials and methods For sorption experiments, topsoil samples of a peat soil with 51% SOM were adjusted to water contents of 15, 30, and 50% (w/w based on dry soil mass) and conditioned for different water contact times of up to 2 years at one constant water content. Sorption kinetics and isotherms of naphthalene, three naphthalene derivatives, phenanthrene, and pyrene to these samples were investigated in batch experiments. Effects of the sorbates’ properties and SOM hydration on sorption were analyzed. Results and discussion Sorption to the peat soil was nonlinear and varied among sorbates and differently prehydrated soil samples. Sorbate polarizability, molecular volume, and weight increased the sorbed amount. Sorption kinetics were two-phased with a fast and a slow sorbing fraction. Hydroxyl groups in sorbates acting as H-donor or acceptor led to an increase of the slow sorbing fraction. Increasing total water contents, amounts of non-freezable water in SOM, increasing pore sizes, and decreasing hydrophobicity of SOM decreased the total sorbed amount and the fast sorbing fraction while increasing the slow sorbing fraction. The latter effects increased with increasing polarity and dipole moment of the sorbate. The SOM matrix rigidity varied with prehydration status; higher SOM matrix rigidity led to non-ideal sorption processes, namely, higher sorption nonlinearity and slower sorption. Conclusions The study revealed the effects and interplay of SOM prehydration status and molecular properties of the sorbates on sorption of PAHs and PAH derivatives. As sorbed amounts may decrease and become non-ideal upon aging at the presence of water, estimations of the mobility of organic compounds in the environment need to consider SOM prehydration status in high organic soils.

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20

Chisté, Renan Campos, Jonnahta Monteiro Cardoso, Diego Aires da Silva, and Rosinelson da Silva Pena. "Hygroscopic behaviour of cassava flour from dry and water groups." Ciência Rural 45, no. 8 (August 2015): 1515–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20140338.

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Cassava flour from dry and water groups are important starch products widely consumed in the Amazonian region of Brazil. In this study, the moisture sorption isotherms of cassava flour from dry and water groups were obtained in the water activity (aw) range from 0.09 to 0.94 (dry group) and 0.07 to 0.93 (water group) at 25°C and the applicability of eight mathematical models in data prediction was evaluated. Both cassava flour from dry and water groups exhibited type II isotherms (sigmoid) and the hysteresis effect between adsorption and desorption isotherms was shown almost over the entire range of aw. The moisture of cassava flour from dry and water groups should not exceed 11.3g H2O 100g-1 (aw=0.6) to ensure the theoretical microbiological stability and the monolayer moisture value (9.0 and 7.9 g H2O 100g-1, respectively) indicated the level of moisture content to be reached during the drying process to avoid unnecessary power consumption. Finally, the data fit showed that the mathematical model of GAB were able to predict efficiently the sorption isotherms of both cassava flour from dry and water group at the entire aw range.

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Yi, Zheng Ji, and Jun Hua Li. "Removal of Uranium (VI) from Aqueous Solution by Dry Chitosan Powder." Advanced Materials Research 366 (October 2011): 434–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.366.434.

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This study investigated the likelihood of chitosan powder as a novel type of adsorbent, for U(VI) removal from wastewater. Batch experiments were performed to explore the effect of pH, sorption time, sorption temperature, chitosan dosage on U(VI) adsorption to chitosan powder. The results suggest that the accumulation process was highly pH dependent with pH changing from 2.0 to 7.0. An initial solution pH of 5.0 was most favorable for removal. Over the temperature range from 20 C to 70 C, 30 C was the optimum temperature for the U(VI) adsorption. The U(VI) uptake was rapid within 30 min and equilibrium was reached at 60 min. The U(VI) removal efficiency increased concomitantly with increasing chitosan dosage, while the adsorption capacity decreased. The chitosan had an observed U(VI) adsorption capacity of ca. 175 mg/g dry weight of chitosan. The present results implied that chitosan can be used as a sorbent for an effective removal of U(VI) from wastewater.

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Hill, Walter R., Angela T. Bednarek, and I. Lauren Larsen. "Cadmium sorption and toxicity in autotrophic biofilms." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57, no. 3 (March 1, 2000): 530–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f99-286.

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Autotrophic biofilms (periphyton) accumulate substantial quantities of metals from contaminated water. In this study, we measured the time course of biofilm cadmium sorption, examined the effects of current, biomass, and light on short-term cadmium sorption by biofilms, and tested the toxicity of cadmium to biofilm photosynthesis. The time course of cadmium sorption appeared to be a linear function of time over the 48-h measurement period. Biofilms in current [Formula: see text]2 cm·s-1 sorbed three to five times more cadmium than biofilms in still water. Cadmium sorbed after 4 h was 75% greater in high-biomass biofilm (2.5 mg dry mass·cm-2) than in low-biomass biofilm (0.5 mg dry mass·cm-2), but only in moving water. Light enhanced the sorption of cadmium 40% in one biofilm type. Cadmium toxicity to photo synthesis was evident after 24 h in thin biofilms exposed to initial cadmium concentrations [Formula: see text]10 μg·L-1; photosynthesis by thicker biofilms was not significantly impaired even at the highest concentration (100 μg·L-1). Variations in current, biofilm biomass, and light are likely to influence the movement of metals in flowing systems.

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Glukh, O. S., and O. I. Symkanich. "THE SORPTION OF SULFUR DIOXIDE BY SOME SPECIES OF DRY PLANTS." Scientific Bulletin of the Uzhhorod University. Series «Chemistry» 2, no. 44 (December 23, 2020): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2414-0260.2020.2.94-98.

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24

Davis, Dedrick D., Robert Horton, Joshua L. Heitman, and Tusheng Ren. "Wettability and Hysteresis Effects on Water Sorption in Relatively Dry Soil." Soil Science Society of America Journal 73, no. 6 (November 2009): 1947–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2009.00028n.

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25

Kamar, Firas Hashim, Salman H. Abbas, Asem Hassan Mohammed, Mihaela Emanuela Craciun, and Aurelia Cristina Nechifor. "Isotherm and Kinetic Models for Bio-sorption of Cadmium Ions from Aqueous Solutions using Dry Peanut Shells and Hazelnut Shells." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 10 (November 15, 2018): 2603–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.10.6589.

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This work is aiming to investigate the removal Cd(II) ions from the aqueous solution using two types of biosorbent materials: peanut shells (PS) and hazelnut shells (HS). The effect of several variables on the batch bio-sorption was studied. The process was carried out at room temperature, shacking speed 200 rpm and using fixed adsorbent diameters of 0.75 mm. The highest removal efficiency of Cd(II) ions onto PS was 91.45% in the best conditions (pH=3, initial concentration of Cd(II) ions 50 mg/ L, amount adsorbent was 0.75 g, contact time was 120 min), while the highest removal efficiency when using HS was 85.62% at pH= 4, and contact time of 160 minutes using the same initial concentration of Cd(II) ions as well as the same amount of absorbent material. Isotherm was studied for bio-sorption of Cd(II) ions using these two adsorbents, and the pseudo- first and second order models were used to study bio-sorption kinetics. The results of the infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of (PS) and (HS) samples before and after loading for Cd(II) ions showed that hydroxyl and carboxyl groups play a major role in bio-sorption of these ions.

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Rusdiarso, Bambang, Rahmat Basuki, and Sri Juari Santosa. "Evaluation of Lagergren Kinetics Equation by Using Novel Kinetics Expression of Sorption of Zn²⁺ onto Horse Dung Humic Acid (HD-HA)." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 16, no. 3 (March 12, 2018): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21151.

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Extraction and purification of humic acid from dry horse dung powder (HD-HA) was performed successfully and the purified HD-HA was then applied as sorbent to adsorb Zn2+. Extraction and purification were performed based on procedure of Stevenson (1994) under atmospheric air. Parameters investigated in this work consist of effect of medium sorption acidity, sorption rate (ka) and desorption rate constant (kd), Langmuir (monolayer) and Freundlich (multilayer) sorption capacities, and energy (E) of sorption. The ka and kd were determined according to the kinetic model of second order sorption reaching equilibrium, monolayer sorption capacity (b) and energy (E) were determined according to Langmuir isotherm model, and multilayer sorption capacity (B) was determined based on Freundlich isotherm model. Sorption of Zn2+ on purified HD-HA was maximum at pH 5.0. The novel kinetic expression resulted from proposed kinetic model has been shown to be more applicable than the commonly known Lagergren equation obtained from the pseudo-first order sorption model. The application of the equation revealed that the intercept of Lagergren equation, ln qe was more complex function of initial concentration of Zn2+ (a), Langmuir sorption capacity (b), and sorbed Zn2+ at equilibrium (xe).

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Hartono, Arief. "The Effect of Calcium Silicate on The Phosphorus Sorption Characteristics of Andisols Lembang West Java." Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2008): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jitl.10.1.14-19.

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The effect of calcium silicate CaSiOJ the phosphorus (P) sorption characteristics were studied in Andisols Lembang.The amount of 0, 2.5 and 5% CaSiOJ (calcium silicate) or 0, 7.5 and 15 g calcium silicate per pot was added to the 300 g(oven-dry weight) soil and incubated for one month. A completely randomized design in double replication was set up. After one month incubation, P sorption and P sorption kinetic experiments were conducted The results of P sorption experiment showed that P sorption data were satisfactorily described by the Langmuir equation. which was used to determine P sorption maxima, bonding energies and P sorbed at 0.2 mg P £"' (standard P requirement). The application of calcium silicate did not affect significantly P sorption maxima but decreased significantly the P bonding energies. Calcium silicate also decreased significantly the standard P requirements. As for P sorption kinetic experiment. the results showed that application of 5% calcium silicate decreased significantly the rate constant of P sorption and P sorbed maximum at given amount of added P. The results suggested that the application of calcium silicate to the Andisols made added P was more available for plant.

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Muzakkir, Muzakkir, Eti Farda Husin, Agustian Agustian, and Auzar Syarif. "EFEKTIVITAS BERBAGAI FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR INDIGENUS TERHADAP SERAPAN HARA P DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.)." Jurnal Solum 7, no. 2 (July 1, 2010): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/js.7.2.137-143.2010.

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Utilization of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (FMA) is an alternative way to improve soil fertility. Therefore, it must be developed by studying deeply the effectivity of the FMA. This is important due to either its ability to associate with almost all of vegetation family in terrestrial ecosystems or its ability to increase plant growth rate, seedlings quality, and crop yield, especially on critical land. A research about effectivity of variously indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi on P-sorption and Jatropha growth was conducted at laboratorium and glasshouse Agriculture Faculty, Andalas University. This research was aimed to gain the most effective isolate of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi on growth of and P-sorption by Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) plant on critical land. Single isolat such as Glomus sp2, Acaulospora sp1, Gigaspora sp1, and compound isolate M7 (Glomus sp2,+ Acaulospora sp1 + Gigaspora sp1) significantly affected plant height, canopy dry matter, infection percentage and intensity, and P-sorption. M7 Compound isolate was the most effective innoculum. By this isolate, height of Jatropha seedlings was 27.5 cm, canopy dry matter 5.9 g, infection percentage 78.5%, infection intensity was 49.1, and P-sorption by canopy was 1.6 g for each seedling. Keywords: Effectiveness of FMA

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Rani, M. Jansi, M. Murugan, P. Subramaniam, and E. Subramanian. "A study on water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes as oil sorbent." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 6, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v6i1.389.

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The sorption of diesel, lubricant and castor oils onto different parts (root, stem and leaf) of the dry biomass water hyacinth was studied at the laboratory scale. The parts of the aquapyte water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) were characterized by physico-chemical methods and the characteristics were used to elucidate the oil sorption process. Hydrophobicity, wettability (capillarity), buoyancy and sorption capacity of oils in the presence/absence of water were studied to evaluate the suitability of the sorbent for application. In all the three sorbents, theoil sorption capacity increases with the increase of oil film thickness. However of the three parts, the stem has a greater sorption capacity of 9.3, 7.8 and 11.08 g/g for the three oils such as diesel, lubricant and castor oils respectively, even though the root of water hyacinth showed a higher hydrophobicity and surface area. These sorption capacities are comparable with widely used commercial oil sorbent such as nonwoven polypropylene which has a sorption capacity in the range of 10-16 g/g.

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Silva, G. R., L. D'Antonino, L. A. Faustino, A. A. Silva, F. A. Ferreira, and C. C. Texeira. "Sorption of fomesafen in Brazilian soils." Planta Daninha 31, no. 4 (December 2013): 971–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582013000400023.

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The study of the dynamics of a herbicide in the soil focus on the interactions with environmental components to obtain agronomic efficiency, ensuring selectivity to the culture and risk reduction of environmental impact. This study evaluated the sorption process of fomesafen in the Brazilian soils Ultisol, Cambisol, and Organosol. Besides soil, washed sand was used as an inert material for determination of the sorption ratio of fomesafen in the soil. The bioassay method was applied, using Sorghum vulgare plants as bio-indicator of herbicide presence. Plant poisoning evaluation and harvest for dry matter determination were carried out 21 days after sorghum sowing. To calculate C50, the nonlinear log-logistic model was applied and sorption ratios of the herbicide were obtained in different soils. The decreasing sorption ratio of formesafen in the soils was: Organosol > Ultisol > Cambisol. It was concluded that the contents of organic matter and clay in the soils were the attributes that most influenced fomesafen sorption.

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Munuhe, Timothy, Alexander Lebrun, Liang Zhu, and Ronghui Ma. "Using micro-ct to investigate nanofluid droplet sorption in dry powder beds." Powder Technology 305 (January 2017): 232–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2016.09.079.

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Ozdemir, Saim, Sinan Mehmet Turp, and Nurtac Oz. "Simultaneous dry-sorption of heavy metals by porous adsorbents during sludge composting." Environmental Engineering Research 25, no. 2 (April 17, 2019): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2019.071.

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Phillips, I. R. "Copper, Lead, Cadmium, and Zinc Sorption By Waterlogged and Air-Dry Soil." Journal of Soil Contamination 8, no. 3 (May 1999): 343–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10588339991339379.

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Zhou, Li, Yan Sun, Zhiguan Yang, and Yaping Zhou. "Hydrogen and methane sorption in dry and water-loaded multiwall carbon nanotubes." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 289, no. 2 (September 2005): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2005.03.091.

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35

He, J. Z., R. J. Gilkes, and G. M. Dimmock. "Mineralogical properties of sandy podzols on the Swan Coastal Plain, south-west Australia, and the effects of drying on their phosphate sorption characteristics." Soil Research 36, no. 3 (1998): 395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/s97061.

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Very sandy and sometimes seasonally inundated humus podzols of the Bassendean soil association in southwest Australia experience severe leaching of fertiliser P with consequent eutrophication of waterways. P sorption by these soils is mostly minimal and is primarily due to the podzol Bh horizon. The consequence of seasonal drying of profiles under the prevailing Mediterranean climate on the P sorption capacity of these B horizon materials is not known. The effects of air-drying on P sorption were studied for 3 sandy podzols using samples from entire soil profiles collected in winter (wet) and summer (dry). Results confirm that the surface and near surface horizons (i.e. A and E horizons) of these soils have very low P sorption capacities. Only some B horizon materials exhibit substantial P sorption and this is mostly due to allophane, with minor contributions from extractable Fe forms, organic carbon, and clay. Air-drying during summer and in the laboratory increased P sorption of B horizon materials by up to 120% compared with field-moist samples. The difference in P sorption between air-dried samples and the field-moist samples decreased for long reaction times.

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Li, C., and E. A. Voudrias. "Difference in Transport Behavior between Aliphatic and Aromatic Petroleum Vapors in Unsaturated Soil." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 1-2 (July 1, 1992): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0389.

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Unsteady state multicomponent vapor transport experiments in large (10.5 cm × 100 cm) columns packed with dry and wet soil and dry sand were used to evaluate the difference in transport behavior between aliphatic and aromatic petroleum vapors. The experimental data were analyzed using a modified diffusion equation accounting for vapor sorption and vapor partitioning into the soil moisture. Excellent agreement between the diffusion model and the experimental data was observed for all vapors studied in dry sand and dry soil and for aliphatic vapors in wet soil. However, a poor agreement was observed between the model and the aromatic vapors in wet soil. This was attributed to mass transfer limitation and violation of the local equilibrium assumption used to describe aromatic vapor partitioning into the soil moisture. Significant reduction in retardation factors for all vapors was observed in wet soil due to sorption competition by water molecules, but aromatic retardation factors were higher than the aliphatic ones, because of their high solubility and partitioning into the soil moisture.

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Oathout, J. M. "Determining the Dynamic Efficiency with which wiping Materials Remove Liquids from Surfaces." International Nonwovens Journal os-9, no. 1 (March 2000): 1558925000OS—90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925000os-900113.

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While a number of tests exist to characterize wiping materials for their capacity and rate of sorption, none of these static tests describe how effectively a wiper will remove liquid from a surface under dynamic conditions of use. This paper describes the development and application of a test for dynamic wiping efficiency, or “wipe-dry,” under conditions similar to manual wiping operations. The method was used to characterize 11 commercially available fabrics used as wipers in industrial, food service, and cleanroom applications. As a class, fabrics constructed by hydroentangling generally outperformed those made by other means. Of those, fabrics with bulky character exhibited superior wipe-dry. Also included are comparative data of sorbent capacity, rate of sorption and bursting strength.

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Zhang, Lei, Naj Aziz, Ting Ren, Jan Nemcik, and Shihao Tu. "Influence of Coal Particle Size on Coal Adsorption and Desorption Characteristics." Archives of Mining Sciences 59, no. 3 (October 20, 2014): 807–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amsc-2014-0056.

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Abstract Accurate testing coal isotherm can play a significant role in the areas of coal seam gas drainage, outburst control, CO2 geo-sequestration, coalbed methane (CBM) and enhanced coalbed methane recovery (ECBM) etc. The effect of particle size on the CO2 and CH4 sorption capacity of bituminous coal from Illawarra, Australia was investigated at 35°C and at pressure up to 4 MPa. A unique indirect gravimetric apparatus was used to measure the gas adsorption and desorption isotherms of coal of different particle sizes ranging from around 150 urn to 16 mm. Langmuir model was used to analysis the experimental results of all gases. Coal particle size was found to have an apparent effect on the coal ash content and helium density results. Coal with larger particle size had higher ash content and higher helium density. The sorption isotherm was found to be highly sensitive with helium density of coal which was determined in the procedure of testing the void volume of sample cell. Hence, coal particle size had a significant influence on the coal sorption characteristics including sorption capacity and desorption hysteresis for CO2 and CH4, especially calculated with dry basis of coal. In this study, the 150-212 um (150 um) coal samples achieved higher sorption capacity and followed by 2.36-3.35 mm (2.4 mm), 8-9.5 mm (8 mm) and 16-19 mm (16 mm) particle size samples. However, the differences between different coal particles were getting smaller when the sorption isotherms are calculated with dry ash free basis. Test with 150 um coal samples were also found to have relatively smaller desorption hysteresis compared with the other larger particle size samples. The different results including adsorption/desorption isotherm, Langmuir parameters and coal hysteresis were all analysed with the CO2 and CH4 gases.

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PEREIRA, G. A. M., L. H. BARCELLOS JR., V. A. GONÇALVES, D. V. SILVA, A. T. FARIA, and A. A. SILVA. "Sorption of Clomazone in Brazilian Soils with Different Physical and Chemical Attributes1." Planta Daninha 34, no. 2 (June 2016): 357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582016340200017.

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ABSTRACT Knowledge of herbicides sorption by colloids predicts its movement in the soil profile and its effectiveness in controlling weeds and crops poisoning when directly applied to the soil. This knowledge becomes even more important for herbicides which have long persistence in the soil. In this research, clomazone sorption was estimated by the biological method in Brazilian soil samples with different physical and chemical characteristics, cultivated with sugarcane crops. As an indicator of the presence of clomazone in the soil, Sorghum bicolor was used. The data relating to assessments of poisoning and accumulation of dry matter of the plants were subjected to multivariate analysis of similarity among variables. After that, clomazone doses that caused 50% of intoxication in sorghum plants grown (C50) as well as sorption ratio (SR) of the herbicide in different soil types were estimated. There was similarity greater than 80% for data regarding the percentage of intoxication and accumulated dry matter, with the option to use only those related to the first variable. RS and C50 were higher in Organosol and lower in red-yellow Latosol with and without changing the pH. It was concluded that the clomazone dose to be recommended must be differentiated for different soils, since the value of clomazone sorption in the soil is dependent on its attributes, and the organic matter content is of the utmost importance.

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Aversa, Raffaella, Relly Victoria Petrescu, Florian Ion T. Petrescu, Valeria Perrotta, Davide Apicella, and Antonio Apicella. "Biomechanically Tunable Nano-Silica/P-HEMA Structural Hydrogels for Bone Scaffolding." Bioengineering 8, no. 4 (April 4, 2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8040045.

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Innovative tissue engineering biomimetic hydrogels based on hydrophilic polymers have been investigated for their physical and mechanical properties. 5% to 25% by volume loading PHEMA-nanosilica glassy hybrid samples were equilibrated at 37 °C in aqueous physiological isotonic and hypotonic saline solutions (0.15 and 0.05 M NaCl) simulating two limiting possible compositions of physiological extracellular fluids. The glassy and hydrated hybrid materials were characterized by both dynamo-mechanical properties and equilibrium absorptions in the two physiological-like aqueous solutions. The mechanical and morphological modifications occurring in the samples have been described. The 5% volume nanosilica loading hybrid nanocomposite composition showed mechanical characteristics in the dry and hydrated states that were comparable to those of cortical bone and articular cartilage, respectively, and then chosen for further sorption kinetics characterization. Sorption and swelling kinetics were monitored up to equilibrium. Changes in water activities and osmotic pressures in the water-hybrid systems equilibrated at the two limiting solute molarities of the physiological solutions have been related to the observed anomalous sorption modes using the Flory-Huggins interaction parameter approach. The bulk modulus of the dry and glassy PHEMA-5% nanosilica hybrid at 37 °C has been observed to be comparable with the values of the osmotic pressures generated from the sorption of isotonic and hypotonic solutions. The anomalous sorption modes and swelling rates are coherent with the difference between osmotic swelling pressures and hybrid glassy nano-composite bulk modulus: the lower the differences the higher the swelling rate and equilibrium solution uptakes. Bone tissue engineering benefits of the use of tuneable biomimetic scaffold biomaterials that can be “designed” to act as biocompatible and biomechanically active hybrid interfaces are discussed.

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Shah, Kruti R., Devayani R. Tipre, and Shailesh R. Dave. "Characterization, kinetics and thermodynamics of Ag(I) sorption using novel sorbent: Dry wheatgrass." International Journal of Phytoremediation 18, no. 12 (June 3, 2016): 1202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2016.1193468.

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Adamczak, Małgorzata I., Ørjan G. Martinsen, Gro Smistad, and Marianne Hiorth. "Water sorption properties of HM-pectin and liposomes intended to alleviate dry mouth." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 506, no. 1-2 (June 2016): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.04.050.

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Deng, Baoqing, Di Ge, Jiajia Li, Yuan Guo, and Chang Nyung Kim. "Modeling volatile organic compounds sorption on dry building materials using double-exponential model." Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 30, no. 7 (May 23, 2013): 1380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11814-013-0056-1.

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Ignatiev, Sergey, Aleksey Khrameshin, Roman Khrameshin, and Andrey Myakishev. "Recuperation of chicken litter in preparation for extrusion." BIO Web of Conferences 17 (2020): 00076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201700076.

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In the article we proposed a technological solution aimed at solving the current problems of poultry enterprises and specifically at the disposal of litter. The technology of processing litter into fertilizer was analyzed. It is proposed to combine the processes of sorption drying, high-temperature extrusion and vacuum drying in the production of the dry granulated fertilizer from litter. Studies of the sorption capacity of dried litter have shown that its moisture and granulometric properties do not affect the pattern of moisture transfer between the litter and the sorbent material.

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Sobral Hilário, Batista dos Anjos, Borges de Moraes Juviniano, and da Silva. "Evaluation of Thermally Treated Calotropis Procera Fiber for the Removal of Crude Oil on the Water Surface." Materials 12, no. 23 (November 25, 2019): 3894. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12233894.

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Biosorbents have been highlighted as an alternative method for the removal of contaminants from spills or leaks of oil and its derivatives, since they are biodegradable, are highly available, low-cost, and have a good sorption capacity. This research investigated the sorption capacity of Calotropis procera fiber in natura (CP) and thermally treated (150 °C and 200 °C) for crude oil removal and recovery. The oil sorption tests were carried out in a dry and water (layer) static systems. The assays revealed that CP fiber has excellent hydrophobic-oil properties and good crude oil sorption capacity, about 75 times its own weight (76.32 g/g). The results of the treated fibers, CPT150 and CPT200, showed oil sorption capacities (in 24 h) higher than CP, between 94.31–103.37 g/g and 124.60–180.95 g/g, respectively. The results from sample CPT200 showed that it can be an excellent biosorbent for the removal of crude oil and other derivatives due to its high hydrophobicity, great reuse/resorption capacity, and ability to retain oil within the fiber lumens. Thus, it can be applied in the recovery, cleaning, and removal of petroleum products and its derivatives from spills and leaks in the future.

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Remington, Claire, Catherine Bourgault, and Caetano C. Dorea. "Measurement and Modelling of Moisture Sorption Isotherm and Heat of Sorption of Fresh Feces." Water 12, no. 2 (January 22, 2020): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12020323.

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The drying (or dewatering) of fresh feces and fecal sludge is a productive step in the management of sanitation, waste treatment, and resource recovery services. An improved understanding of fresh feces and fecal sludge drying would contribute to the development and deployment of fecal sludge management services. However, there is a lack of available literature on the fundamental drying characteristics of fresh feces. In response to this gap, this work shares experimental results for equilibrium moisture content of fresh feces at different water activity levels (aw) and proposes the use of the Guggenheim, Anderson, and de Boer (GAB) model for predicting aw, calculating the heat of sorption, and estimating the corresponding energy requirements for drying of fresh feces. This is the first time this work has been done with fresh feces. The total heat of evaporation was significant up to a moisture content of about 0.2 kg water per kg dry solids. In addition to informing drying process design, the sorption isotherm can be used to predict microbial activity, which could improve the management of feces and fecal sludge from a public health perspective. These data in turn will be used to promote access to dignified, safe, and sustainable sanitation.

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Niemirich, Alexandra, Oksana Vasheka, Oksana Petrusha, and Nikolay Pogozhikh. "FORMATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL INDICES OF DRY POWDER OF CABBAGE." EUREKA: Life Sciences 4 (July 31, 2018): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2018.00683.

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One of the resource-saving methods of drying, from the point of view of preserving food and biological value, providing the appropriate recovery properties of dried food products (DFP) and energy intensity of the process, is drying with mixed heat supply (MHS drying). The scientific concept of work on the formation of a universal and DFP stable functional and technological potential is formulated, which is the basis for modeling and designing the formulation composition and technology of food products by groups and types with its use or interchangeability. As the subject of research for the formation of quality indicators of cereals, white cabbage is selected, as it is a typical vegetable for Ukraine and accordingly has a high degree of assimilation of natural micronutrients in the human body. Structural studies have shown the predominantly crystalline structure of polysaccharides, that is, less than their transformation under conditions of MHS drying, as compared with convective conditions. The effect of MHS drying on the formation of DFP quality indicators is determined by the method of recording IR spectra with Fourier transform. For studies of the violation of total internal reflection, it has been established that the process of DFP reduction leads to an increase in the availability of organic substances in the solvent, which will facilitate the extraction of extractives in the recovery of raw materials. It is established by the number of aroma, the more aromatic-forming substances are contained in the MHS drying samples irrespective of the process temperature, less in the dried samples of the convective method. This is due to the reduction of thermal and thermal effects during MHS drying, which slows down chemical transformations and removes aromatic substances. It is proved by the tensometric method, with the convective method due to shrinkage during dehydration, the changes during sorption and desorption are insignificant. When MHS drying, such changes are expressed: during the sorption of vapors, DFP is well restored, the capillaries swell, so the differential distribution function of the pores expands, the average radius of the capillaries increases 4 ... 6 times. The research results make it possible to form the functional and technological parameters of cabbage powder, to simulate the formulation of new food products with this ingredient and to optimize the production technology.

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Breierova, Emília, Milan Čertík, and Ivana Marova. "Removal of Copper (II) Ions from Aqua Growth Medium by Red Yeast." Materials Science Forum 851 (April 2016): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.851.3.

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Copper is a natural fungicide and is the active component of various pesticides. We detected uptake of higher concentration of the copper ions and responses to this stress in combination with presence hydrogen peroxide as a source of free radicals were studied on the three red yeast strains of species Rhodotorula glutinis (two strains) and Sporobolomyces roseus (one strain). The maximum Cu sorption was observed at the cells of strain Rhodotorula glutinis CCY 20-2-33 (25,18 mg/g dry weight) and at their exopolymers which accumulated the amount 10.22 mg/g dry weight. The remaining copper was sorbed onto the fibrillar part of cell wall (3.75 mg/g dry weight). The presence peroxide (oxidative stress) in cultivation medium decreased of the toleration of yeasts to Cu2+ ions and cells were able to take up less of about 17 % (from 3mM on 2,5 mM), although total uptake was lower about 11.01-15.96 %. We found that the strains of Rhodotorula glutinis are able to uptake about 44 % more copper ions (25.18-24.32 mg/g dry weight) in compared with strain of Sporobolomyces roseus (16.92 dry weight). However, the addition of peroxide into the cultivation medium the addition of affecting trade changes by reduce of the ability to uptake Cu2+ ions. The exopolymers and fibrillar part of cell wall these yeast were used as biopolymers with high sorption ability for metals.

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Olshansky, Yaniv, Robert A. Root, and Jon Chorover. "Wet–dry cycles impact DOM retention in subsurface soils." Biogeosciences 15, no. 3 (February 9, 2018): 821–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-821-2018.

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Abstract. Transport and reactivity of carbon in the critical zone are highly controlled by reactions of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with subsurface soils, including adsorption, transformation and exchange. These reactions are dependent on frequent wet–dry cycles common to the unsaturated zone, particularly in semi-arid regions. To test for an effect of wet–dry cycles on DOM interaction and stabilization in subsoils, samples were collected from subsurface (Bw) horizons of an Entisol and an Alfisol from the Catalina-Jemez Critical Zone Observatory and sequentially reacted (four batch steps) with DOM extracted from the corresponding soil litter layers. Between each reaction step, soils either were allowed to air dry (wet–dry treatment) before introduction of the following DOM solution or were maintained under constant wetness (continually wet treatment). Microbial degradation was the dominant mechanism of DOM loss from solution for the Entisol subsoil, which had higher initial organic C content, whereas sorptive retention predominated in the lower C Alfisol subsoil. For a given soil, bulk dissolved organic C losses from solution were similar across treatments. However, a combination of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopic analyses revealed that wet–dry treatments enhanced the interactions between carboxyl functional groups and soil particle surfaces. Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) data suggested that cation bridging by Ca2+ was the primary mechanism for carboxyl association with soil surfaces. STXM data also showed that spatial fractionation of adsorbed OM on soil organo-mineral surfaces was diminished relative to what might be inferred from previously published observations pertaining to DOM fractionation on reaction with specimen mineral phases. This study provides direct evidence of the role of wet–dry cycles in affecting sorption reactions of DOM to a complex soil matrix. In the soil environment, where wet–dry cycles occur at different frequencies from site to site and along the soil profile, different interactions between DOM and soil surfaces are expected and need to be considered for the overall assessment of carbon dynamics.

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Pokharel, A. K., and D. Obrist. "Fate of mercury in tree litter during decomposition." Biogeosciences Discussions 8, no. 2 (March 15, 2011): 2593–627. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-2593-2011.

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Abstract. We performed a controlled laboratory litter incubation study to assess changes in dry mass, carbon (C) mass and concentration, mercury (Hg) mass and concentration, and stoichiometric relations between elements during decomposition. Twenty-five surface litter samples each, collected from four forest stands, were placed in incubation jars open to the atmosphere, and were harvested sequentially at 0, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. Using a mass balance approach, we observed significant mass losses of Hg during decomposition (5 to 23% of initial mass after 18 months), which we attribute to gaseous losses of Hg to the atmosphere through a gas-permeable filter covering incubation jars. Percentage mass losses of Hg generally were less than observed dry mass and C mass losses (48% to 63% Hg loss per unit dry mass loss), although one species showed similar losses. A field control study using the same litter types exposed at the original collection locations for one year showed that field litter samples were enriched in Hg concentrations by 8 to 64% compared to samples incubated for the same time period in the laboratory, indicating strong additional sorption of Hg in the field. Solubility of Hg, assessed by exposure of Hg to water upon harvest, was very low (< 0.22 ng Hg g−1 dry mass) and decreased with increasing stage of decomposition for all litter types. Our results indicate large gaseous emissions, or re-emissions, of Hg originally associated with plant litter upon decomposition. Results also suggest that Hg accumulation in litter and surface layers in the field is driven mainly by sorption of Hg – such as from atmospheric deposition – with minor contributions from "internal" accumulation due to preferential loss of C over Hg. Litter types showed highly species-specific differences in Hg levels during decomposition – suggesting that emissions, retention, and sorption of Hg are dependent on litter type.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Dry sorption'

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