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1

Liang, Hui Rong, Lie Jin Guo, Wei Yan, and Yi Liang Liu. "Preliminary Study on the New Dual-Bed Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production System." Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (August 2013): 1786–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.1786.

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A new dual-bed photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction system is proposed in this paper. In this dual-bed system, one bed is photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction bed in which I- is oxidized into I2 by a hole and H+ is reduced to H2 by an electron, and the other is the hole-sacrificed agent regeneration bed in which I- is regenerated by reducing I2 with Cu2O. The two reaction beds are connected with two constant flow pumps to form a circulation loop. The hole-sacrificed agent I- can always be renewable by circulating the reaction solution between dual beds. The dual-bed reaction syste
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2

Gonçalves, Jonathan C., and Alírio E. Rodrigues. "Simulated moving bed reactor for p-xylene production: Dual-bed column." Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification 104 (June 2016): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2016.01.010.

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3

Murakami, Takahiro, Tao Yang, Minoru Asai, and Yoshizo Suzuki. "Development of fluidized bed gasifier with triple-beds and dual circulation." Advanced Powder Technology 22, no. 3 (2011): 433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2010.06.011.

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4

Abdul-Rahman, R., N. Zainol, and A. Abu-Bakar. "Performance of Dual-Media Expanded Bed Bioreactor." Developments in Chemical Engineering and Mineral Processing 13, no. 5-6 (2008): 645–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.5500130514.

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5

Tap, R., and M. Willert-Porada. "Dual PE-CVD Circulating Fluidized Bed Reactor." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 32, no. 5 (2004): 2085–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2004.835969.

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6

Karmakar, M. K., and A. B. Datta. "Hydrodynamics of a dual fluidized bed gasifier." Advanced Powder Technology 21, no. 5 (2010): 521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2010.02.001.

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7

Nyoman Suprapta Winaya, I., I. Ketut Gede Wirawan, I. Wayan Arya Darma, I. Putu Lokantara, and Rukmi Sari Hartati. "An increase in bed temperature on gasification of dual reactor fluidized bed." E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 02059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186702059.

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One of the main issues using biomass as fuel in air gasification is the dilution of its product gas by the nitrogen in the air. A dual reactor fluidized bed (DRFB) overcomes this problem in which the gasification and combustion reactions are decoupled and conducted in two separate fluidized bed reactors connected by circulating bed material. The DFRB unit made of 304 stainless steel pipe with a height of 100 and 150 cm, and inner diameters (i.d.) of 15.2 and 5.1 cm for gasifier and combustor respectively. The rice husk as fuel and quartz sand as bed material having the same size of 0.4 - 0.6 m
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8

Mauerhofer, A. M., F. Benedikt, J. C. Schmid, J. Fuchs, S. Müller, and H. Hofbauer. "Influence of different bed material mixtures on dual fluidized bed steam gasification." Energy 157 (August 2018): 957–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.158.

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9

Wang, Xiao Ming, Xian Bin Xiao, Xu Jiao Chen, Ji Liu, and Wen Yan Li. "Steam Gasification of Biomass Coupled with Lime-Based CO2 Capture in a Dual Fluidized Bed: A Modeling Study." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.142.

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Biomass is an important renewable energy and making hydrogen-rich syngas from biomass is promising. Dual fluidized bed gasification technology can increase hydrogen content in the syngas. Moreover, steam gasification of biomass coupled with lime-based CO2 capture in a dual fluidized bed can further improve the syngas quality . This paper established a dual fluidized bed gasification model using Aspen plus,in order to explore the effect of different gasification temperatures and steam to biomass ratios on hydrogen content in syngas, providing a theoretical basis for the optimization of operatin
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10

MURAKAMI, Takahiro, Tao YANG, Minoru ASAI, and Yoshizo SUZUKI. "911 Development of Fluidized Bed Gasifier with Triple-beds and Dual Circulation." Proceedings of Conference of Kansai Branch 2010.85 (2010): _9–11_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekansai.2010.85._9-11_.

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11

Murakami, Takahiro, Minoru Asai, and Yoshizo Suzuki. "Heat balance of fluidized bed gasifier with triple-beds and dual circulation." Advanced Powder Technology 22, no. 3 (2011): 449–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2010.07.001.

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12

Pfeifer, Christoph, Reinhard Rauch, and Hermann Hofbauer. "In-Bed Catalytic Tar Reduction in a Dual Fluidized Bed Biomass Steam Gasifier." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 43, no. 7 (2004): 1634–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie030742b.

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13

Tan, Qin Liang, Tian Liu, Da Long Jiang, Xiao Ying Hu, and Chang Qing Dong. "Numerical Simulation of Dual-Support Leg Fluidized Bed." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.627.

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A numerical study on a gas-solid model to predict the particle flow structures of dual support-leg fluidized bed has been conducted. Due to the symmetry motion trajectory of the particles in the dual support-leg fluidized bed, unilateral furnace was taken into account in the model to simplify calculation. The results indicate that, without buffer set on the wall, three different zones can be distinguished in terms of granular flow mechanisms. The velocities of the upward flow without buffer set on the wall are much higher than that with buffer set.
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14

Corella, José, José M. Toledo, and Gregorio Molina. "A Review on Dual Fluidized-Bed Biomass Gasifiers." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 46, no. 21 (2007): 6831–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie0705507.

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15

Weigle, John C., and Jonathan Phillips. "Modeling hydrogen spillover in dual-bed catalytic reactors." AIChE Journal 50, no. 4 (2004): 821–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.10077.

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16

Pakavechkul, Sukrit, Prapan Kuchonthara, and Suchada Butnark. "Effect of Steam on Syngas Production in New-Designed Dual-Bed Gasifier." Advanced Materials Research 622-623 (December 2012): 1125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.622-623.1125.

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In this research, the effect of steam on synthetic fuel production from sawdust in new-designed dual-bed gasification was studied. The dual-bed gasification reactor composed of bubbling/fast fluidized bed combustor and fixed bed gasifier (pyrolysis included) was designed to produce syngas (CO + H2 + CO2 and CH4). The results showed that syngas produced by the dual-bed gasifier with higher steam/carbon ratio also had higher H2 content. In theory, the various reactions expected to occur in the gasification process were boudouard, water-gas and water-gas shift, methanation and steam reforming. Si
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17

Göransson, K., U. Söderlind, P. Engstrand, and W. Zhang. "An experimental study on catalytic bed materials in a biomass dual fluidised bed gasifier." Renewable Energy 81 (September 2015): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.03.020.

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18

Seo, Myung Won, Young Ho Suh, Sang Done Kim, Sunwon Park, Dong Hyun Lee, and Byung Ho Song. "Cluster and Bed-to-wall Heat Transfer Characteristics in a Dual Circulating Fluidized Bed." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 51, no. 4 (2011): 2048–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie200649c.

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19

MURAKAMI, Takahiro, Minoru ASAI, and Yoshizo SUZUKI. "Operation Characteristics in a Fluidized Bed Gasifier with Triple-beds and Dual Circulation." Journal of High Temperature Society 37, no. 2 (2011): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.7791/jhts.37.87.

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20

Berdugo Vilches, Teresa, and Henrik Thunman. "Experimental Investigation of Volatiles–Bed Contact in a 2–4 MWthBubbling Bed Reactor of a Dual Fluidized Bed Gasifier." Energy & Fuels 29, no. 10 (2015): 6456–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b01303.

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21

Gunawan, Syahrul. "PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN DUAL BED CATALITIC CONVERTER BERBAHAN TEMBAGA DAN KUNINGAN TERHADAP TINGKAT KEBISINGAN DAN PERFORMA MESIN." Machine : Jurnal Teknik Mesin 6, no. 2 (2020): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/jm.v6i2.1436.

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Seiring dengan meningkatnya aktivitas, manusia semakin memerlukan alat transportasi yang aman, nyaman dan memadai sebagai sarana pendukung mobilitas. Akibatnya, seiring perkembangan zaman jumlah arus lalu lintas dan jenis kendaraan yang menggunakan ruas-ruas jalan semakin bertambah. Hal ini menimbulkan masalah dibidang transportasi, salah satunya adalah masalah tekanan balik, suhu dan polusi suara (kebisingan) yang ditimbulkan dari knalpot kendaraan. Oleh karena itu, upaya untuk mereduksi kebisingan dan tekanan balik dari muffler kendaraan perlu dilakukan. Salah satunya dengan menggunakan dual
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22

Mi, Teng Ge, Ying Zhao, Chang Qing Dong та Wei Liang Cheng. "An Experiment on Solid Circulation Characteristics of a Dual Circulating fluidized Bed Based on Biomaterial Properties and Mechanics Properties". Advanced Materials Research 600 (листопад 2012): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.600.261.

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In this paper, a dual fluidized bed has been established. The effect of bed material build-up height and gas velocity on the solid circulation rate of CFB (circulating fluidized bed) and BFB (bubble fluidized bed) has been studied. The results show that the solid circulation rate is increased with the increasing of gas velocity Uc and the bed material build-up height. Bed material build-up height of BFB and CFB is changed with the changing of gas velocity Uc. The bed material heights of CFB and BFB have been also investigated in this experiment.
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23

Menon, Sananth H., G. Madhu, and J. Mathew. "Compact Flow-Through Electrochemical Cell - A Novel Perspective in Industrial Manufacture of Perchlorates." Open Chemical Engineering Journal 13, no. 1 (2019): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874123101913010023.

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Background: Sodium Perchlorate is one of the major starting intermediate product for the manufacture of various Perchlorates viz, Ammonium perchlorate as solid oxidizer and Strontium Perchlorate as Secondary Injection Thrust Vector Control (SITVC) in launch vehicles. This critical product is manufactured industrially by electrochemical oxidation of Sodium Chlorate solution at the anodic surface. Lead dioxide is preferred in various perchlorate cells because of its low cost. Infrequent detachment of Lead dioxide deposits from the substrate during electrolysis is a grave issue confronted by asso
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24

Shrestha, Siddhartha, Brahim Si Ali, and Mahar Diana Binti Hamid. "Cold flow model of dual fluidized bed: A review." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 53 (January 2016): 1529–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.09.034.

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25

Rahimpour, M. R. "A DUAL-CATALYST BED CONCEPT FOR INDUSTRIAL METHANOL SYNTHESIS." Chemical Engineering Communications 194, no. 12 (2007): 1638–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986440701446227.

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26

Sudiro, Maria, Carlos Zanella, Alberto Bertucco, Luigi Bressan, and Marco Fontana. "Dual-Bed Gasification of Petcoke: Model Development and Validation." Energy & Fuels 24, no. 2 (2010): 1213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef900980e.

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27

Xu, Guangwen, Takahiro Murakami, Toshiyuki Suda, Yoshiaki Matsuzawa, and Hidehisa Tani. "The Superior Technical Choice for Dual Fluidized Bed Gasification." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 45, no. 7 (2006): 2281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie051099r.

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28

YAMAMOTO, Hidetoshi, Keigo IWABUCHI, Shintaro KIMURA, Manabu NAGASE, and Masayoshi SADAKATA. "Optimum Conditions for Gasification in Dual Fixed Bed Gasifier." Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy 86, no. 4 (2007): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3775/jie.86.265.

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29

Li, Y. H., Z. Chen, P. Watkinson, et al. "A novel dual-bed for steam gasification of biomass." Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 8, no. 2 (2017): 357–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13399-017-0288-0.

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30

Arora, Pratham, Andrew F. A. Hoadley, Sanjay M. Mahajani, and Anuradda Ganesh. "Compartment model for a dual fluidized bed biomass gasifier." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 117 (January 2017): 274–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2016.10.025.

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31

Suárez-Almeida, M., A. Gómez-Barea, A. F. Ghoniem, and C. Pfeifer. "Solar gasification of biomass in a dual fluidized bed." Chemical Engineering Journal 406 (February 2021): 126665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.126665.

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32

Haider, Syed K., Lunbo Duan, Kumar Patchigolla, and Edward J. Anthony. "A Hydrodynamic Study of a Fast-Bed Dual Circulating Fluidized Bed for Chemical Looping Combustion." Energy Technology 4, no. 10 (2016): 1254–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ente.201600059.

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33

Benedikt, Florian, Josef Fuchs, Johannes Christian Schmid, Stefan Müller, and Hermann Hofbauer. "Advanced dual fluidized bed steam gasification of wood and lignite with calcite as bed material." Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 34, no. 9 (2017): 2548–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11814-017-0141-y.

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34

Moradian, Farzad, Placid A. Tchoffor, Kent O. Davidsson, Anita Pettersson, and Rainer Backman. "Thermodynamic equilibrium prediction of bed agglomeration tendency in dual fluidized-bed gasification of forest residues." Fuel Processing Technology 154 (December 2016): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2016.08.014.

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35

Kirnbauer, Friedrich, and Hermann Hofbauer. "Investigations on Bed Material Changes in a Dual Fluidized Bed Steam Gasification Plant in Güssing, Austria." Energy & Fuels 25, no. 8 (2011): 3793–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef200746c.

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36

Soukup, G., C. Pfeifer, A. Kreuzeder, and H. Hofbauer. "In Situ CO2Capture in a Dual Fluidized Bed Biomass Steam Gasifier - Bed Material and Fuel Variation." Chemical Engineering & Technology 32, no. 3 (2009): 348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200800559.

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37

Kirnbauer, Friedrich, Veronika Wilk, Hannes Kitzler, Stefan Kern, and Hermann Hofbauer. "The positive effects of bed material coating on tar reduction in a dual fluidized bed gasifier." Fuel 95 (May 2012): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.10.066.

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38

Narobe, Miha, Janvit Golob, Jernej Mele, Mihael Sekavčnik, Andrej Senegačnik, and Dušan Klinar. "Scale-up research in a dual fluidized bed gasification process." Acta Chimica Slovenica 62, no. 2 (2015): 394–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.17344/acsi.2014.1060.

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39

Fan, Xiao Xu, Lei Zhe Chu, and Li Guo Yang. "Dried Municiple Sewage Sludge Gasification Experiment in Dual Fluidized Bed." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 3799–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.3799.

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The fuel characteristics of municipal sewage sludge are suitable for dual fluidized bed(DFB) gasification, which can get middle calorific value gas through volatile pyrolysis, and reduce volume through char combustion. The hot test results of municipal sewage sludge on DFB rig were showen that the temperature distribution along combustor heigh is uniform, and the carbon content of fly ash is about 2~3%. In the experiment, with the increase of gasifier temperatrue, the more volatile of the sewage sludge was pyrolyzed. When the temperature of the gasifier reached 800°C, the calorific value of ga
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40

Yoon, Hyungchul, Sungho Cho, Dock-jin Lee, Goyoung Moon, and Soonhaing Cho. "SNG Production from Wood Biomass with Dual Fluidized-Bed Gasifier." Journal of Energy Engineering 25, no. 4 (2016): 214–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5855/energy.2016.25.4.214.

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41

Pissot, Sébastien, Teresa Berdugo Vilches, Henrik Thunman, and Martin Seemann. "Dual Fluidized Bed Gasification Configurations for Carbon Recovery from Biomass." Energy & Fuels 34, no. 12 (2020): 16187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c02781.

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42

Alamia, Alberto, Henrik Thunman, and Martin Seemann. "Process Simulation of Dual Fluidized Bed Gasifiers Using Experimental Data." Energy & Fuels 30, no. 5 (2016): 4017–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b00122.

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43

Saayman, Jean, Min Xu, Jim C. Lim, and Naoko Ellis. "Gas leakage between reactors in a dual fluidized bed system." Powder Technology 266 (November 2014): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2014.06.012.

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44

Shrestha, Siddhartha, Brahim Si Ali, Badrul Mohamed Jan, Mahar Diana Binti Hamid, and Khalid El Sheikh. "Hydrodynamic characteristics in cold model of dual fluidized bed gasifiers." Powder Technology 286 (December 2015): 246–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2015.04.082.

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45

Tian, Su-Rui, Guo-Hua Yang, Zhen Li, Kai-Yu Shi, Guo-Zhu Ding, and Fu-Xiang Hu. "Cascade filtration properties of a dual-layer granular bed filter." Powder Technology 301 (November 2016): 545–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2016.06.037.

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46

Wang, Ziliang, C. Jim Lim, and John R. Grace. "Solids mixing in a dual-column slot-rectangular spouted bed." Powder Technology 301 (November 2016): 1264–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2016.07.070.

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47

Prasad, Burugupalli V. R. K., and James L. Kuester. "Process analysis of a dual fluidized bed biomass gasification system." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 27, no. 2 (1988): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00074a016.

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48

Goo, Jeong Hoi, Myung Won Seo, Dong Kyoo Park, et al. "Hydrodynamic Properties in a Cold-Model Dual Fluidized-Bed Gasifier." JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 41, no. 7 (2008): 686–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.07we111.

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49

Lundberg, Louise, David Pallarès, and Henrik Thunman. "Upscaling Effects on Char Conversion in Dual Fluidized Bed Gasification." Energy & Fuels 32, no. 5 (2018): 5933–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b00088.

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50

Ju, S. P., W. M. Lu, H. P. Kuo, F. S. Chu, and Y. C. Lu. "The formation of a suspension bed on dual flow distributors." Powder Technology 131, no. 2-3 (2003): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0032-5910(02)00347-9.

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