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1
Qu, Ping, Hong Liang Yu, Feng Bo Zhang, Wen Juan Zhao, Feng Li, and Jia Lin Wan. "Characteristic Analysis in Combustion Process of Marine Dual Fuel Engine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 727-728 (January 2015): 465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.727-728.465.
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Currently, the research of marine dual fuel engine is rare, while the combustion process of marine dual fuel engine is no precise conclusion. This paper built a combustion model of dual fuel engine by AVL FIRE software, and compared experimental data to prove the accuracy of the model, analyzed the characteristics in combustion process of marine dual fuel engines, provided a theoretical basis for the further optimize and design of marine dual fuel engine.
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Guan, Xiao Le, and Wei Gang Zheng. "Analysis of Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Diesel, Natural Gas Dual Fuel Engine." Advanced Materials Research 744 (August 2013): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.744.248.
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Research on combustion characteristics of diesel, natural gas dual fuel engine, and to analyze the influence of pilot diesel fuel supply system parameters on the combustion characteristics of dual fuel engine. Based on the experiment, firstly comparing the combustion characteristics of diesel engine with diesel, natural gas dual fuel engine, and compared the effect of load on the combustion characteristics of dual fuel engines, and specifically elaborated the load, speed, rate of substitution, effects of ignition oil quantity, inlet concentration of the mixed gas, the fuel supply advance angle and other factors on combustion changes of dual fuel heat release rate, pressure, discharge characteristics.Analysis of the natural gas / diesel dual fuel engine is currently studying the existing problems of key technologies and development prospects.
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Sasaki, Senichi. "Dual-Fuel Engine, Otto Cycle and Diesel Cycle." Journal of The Japan Institute of Marine Engineering 44, no. 6 (2009): 978. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.44.978.
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Cui, Xiang Dong, Zhi De Zhang, and Bin Li. "Study on Energy Saving and Environmental Protection of Marine Dual Fuel Diesel Engine and Using Problems in China." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 1912–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.1912.
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With concern about the influence from hazardous emissions of marine diesel engine using fuel oil as fuel and international convention on marine diesel engine emission regulations, the new technology developments of foreign marine dual fuel diesel engines and their latest progresses are introduced, and the development trend of dual fuel diesel engine applications on ship demonstrated. The using problems of the marine dual fuel diesel engine in China are researched with an analysis and prospect of action and reaction in China.
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Song, Jiantong, Chunhua Zhang, Guoqing Lin, and Quanchang Zhang. "Performance and emissions of an electronic control common-rail diesel engine fuelled with liquefied natural gas-diesel dual-fuel under an optimization control scheme." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 6 (October 5, 2018): 1380–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018801076.
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In order to reduce the fuel consumption and hydrocarbon and CO emissions of liquefied natural gas-diesel dual-fuel engines under light loads, an optimization control scheme, in which the dual-fuel engine runs in original diesel mode under light loads, is used in this paper. The performance and exhaust emissions of the dual-fuel engine and the original diesel engine are compared and analyzed by bench tests of an electronic control common-rail diesel engine. Experimental results show that the brake-specific fuel consumption and hydrocarbon and CO emissions of the liquefied natural gas-diesel dual-fuel engine are not deteriorated under light loads. Compared with diesel, the brake power and torque of dual-fuel remain unchanged, the brake-specific fuel consumption decreases, and the smoke density and CO2 emissions of dual-fuel decrease, while the hydrocarbon and CO emissions increase, and there is no significant difference in NOx emissions.
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Bandyopadhyay, Debjyoti, Prasanna S. Sutar, Shailesh B. Sonawane, Sandeep D. Rairikar, and Sukrut S. Thipse. "Diesel Control Strategy in Dual-Fuel Engine." ARAI Journal of Mobility Technology 4, no. 3 (August 9, 2024): 1273–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ajmt.4.3.10.
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Dual-fuel engines are capable of operating using a mixture of two different fuels. Generally, the primary fuel is a gaseous fuel (CNG, LPG, Hydrogen), while diesel is used as a pilot ignition source, i.e. functioning on heat of compression and not a spark plug. There have been a few dual-fuel engine strategies to control the speed of the engine based on varying loads, but these require the addition of complex mechanisms to the existing systems. This paper discloses a methodology for controlling the diesel quantity during dual-fuel operation. According to the engine speed and accelerator pedal position, a gaseous fuel injector in the system injects a predetermined quantity of gaseous fuel. Based on the regulated quantity of gaseous fuel, the intake manifold creates an air-gas fuel mixture. The air-gaseous fuel mixture and a metered quantity of diesel are delivered to the combustion chamber via the intake manifold, fuel injection pump, and other components. The governor and fuel injection pump work together to measure the quantity of diesel according to speed and load conditions. During dual-fuel operation, the governor regulates engine speed by controlling the quantity of diesel delivered to the engine based on speed and load conditions. Keywords: Dual-fuel, Control Strategies, Off-Road Engines, Combustion, Emissions, Diesel Replacement
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Kuleshov, Andrei, Aleksey Kuleshov, Mikhail Gordin, Vladimir Markov, Feodor Karpets, and Matvey Shlenov. "Environmental indicators of dual-fuel hydrogen engine." E3S Web of Conferences 417 (2023): 03018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341703018.
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Hydrogen is considered as a promising gas engine fuel for diesel engines. The problems that occur when converting engines to work on hydrogen are presented. Reliable ignition of hydrogen in the engine is achieved by implementing a two-fuel cycle. In this case, hydrogen ignites from the diesel fuel combustion. Calculations of diesel fuel and hydrogen supply effect on the workflow of a dual-fuel engine of the D-245 type were realized. The main indicators of the engine are calculated when the hydrogen supply changes from 0 to 80%. A criterion characterizing the total toxicity of engine exhaust gases is proposed. The optimal supply of hydrogen was 40%. With such a supply of hydrogen, there was a decrease in the smokiness of exhaust gases by 53%, carbon dioxide emissions by 44%, but the emission of nitrogen oxides increased by 27%. With an increase in the supply of hydrogen from 0 to 40%, the maximum calculated effective performance of engine increased by 7.1%.
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Yuvenda, Dori, Bambang Sudarmanta, Arif Wahjudi, and Rozy Aini Hirowati. "Effect of Adding Combustion Air on Emission in a Diesel Dual-Fuel Engine with Crude Palm Oil Biodiesel Compressed Natural Gas Fuels." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 11, no. 3 (June 6, 2022): 871–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2022.41275.
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A diesel dual-fuel engine uses two fuels designed to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels. Generally, the specific fuel consumption of diesel dual-fuel engines has increased. However, in combination with alternative fuels, namely compressed natural gas injected through air intake, the use of diesel fuel can be reduced. However, using two fuels in a diesel dual-fuel engine increases the equivalent ratio; therefore, the air and fuel mixture becomes richer because the air entering the cylinder during the intake stroke is partially replaced by compressed natural gas. This results in incomplete combustion and increases exhaust emissions, particularly hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions. This study aims to improve the combustion process in dual-fuel diesel engines by improving the air-fuel ratio; thus, it can approach the stoichiometric mixture by adding combustion air forcibly to produce complete combustion to reduce CO and HC emissions. An experimental approach using a single-cylinder diesel engine modified into a diesel dual-fuel engine powered by crude palm oil biodiesel and compressed natural gas was adopted. The combustion air was forcibly added to the cylinder using an electric supercharger at different air mass flow rates ranging from 0.007074 to 0.007836 kg/s and different engine loads (1000 to 4000 watts). The results indicated that adding more air to the cylinder could produce complete combustion, reducing the emission levels produced by a diesel dual-fuel engine. An air mass flow rate of 0.007836 kg/s can reduce CO, HC, and particulate matter emissions by averages of 60.55%, 49.63%, and 86.87%, respectively, from the standard diesel dual-fuel engine. Increasing in the amount of oxygen concentration improves the quality of the air-fuel ratio, which results in improved combustion and thereby reducing emissions.
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Robi Fajerin Darmawan and Bambang Sudarmanta. "Kajian Tekno Ekonomi Terkait Konversi Limbah Biomassa Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) Menjadi Listrik Melalui Metode Gasifikasi Tiga Tingkat dan Mesin Diesel Dual Fuel di Pulau Batam." EduInovasi: Journal of Basic Educational Studies 4, no. 2 (July 28, 2024): 1331–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/edu.v4i2.4319.
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The increasing energy demand has led to a decrease in the availability of fossil fuels, making it necessary to seek renewable alternative energy sources. One of the alternative energy solutions that is currently being widely developed is biomass. Biomass can be converted into renewable energy through a process called gasification. Gasification is the conversion process of solid fuels, often referred to as Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), which can be processed into Biomass Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) for the three-stage gasification process to produce syngas. Syngas can then be used as fuel for diesel engines to generate electricity in a “Waste to Electric” system. This study utilizes a diesel engine with a dual-fuel system. The objective of operating the diesel engine with a dual-fuel system is to determine the impact of using syngas, obtained from the gasification of RDF pellets, in a diesel engine with a dual-fuel system. The dual-fuel diesel system operates using two types of fuel: diesel fuel and gas fuel. The gas fuel used is syngas resulting from the gasification of RDF biomass pellets. During the gasification process, variations in the air ratio will be adjusted in the pyrolysis, oxidation, and reduction zones with air ratio comparisons of 0:10:0, 1:8:1, 2:7:1, and 1:7:2. The syngas produced from the gasification process will be used as fuel for the dual-fuel diesel engine. The performance characterization of the dual-fuel diesel engine will be conducted by testing the engine at 5000 rpm with load variations from 500 watts to 5000 watts in 500-watt increments, and by varying the mass flow rate of the syngas by adjusting the syngas valve opening. This study aims to demonstrate that RDF has promising potential as a renewable electricity source. The three-stage gasification process has proven effective in converting RDF into high-quality syngas. The dual-fuel diesel engine can operate stably and produce electricity with lower emissions compared to conventional diesel engines. The utilization of RDF biomass waste for power generation through three-stage gasification and dual-fuel diesel engines offers a sustainable solution to waste management issues and provides environmentally friendly electricity on Batam Island.
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Iswantoro, Adhi, I. Made Ariana, and Muhammad Syuhri. "Analysis of Exhaust Gas Emissions on Dual Fuel Diesel Engine Single Cylinder Four-stroke with LPG-Diesel Oil." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 972, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/972/1/012034.
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Abstract Diesel engine is one of type of internal combustion engine that is applied in industry, including the maritime industry. The increasing use of diesel engines, has a effect on increasing emissions. Diesel engines emissions consist of SOx, NOx, HC, and others. To reduce the emissions, there are many method, one of them is using dual-fuel system. The alternative fuel can be used is Gas, which is easily available, namely LPG or liquefied petroleum gas. To supply LPG to combustion chamber, a converter-kit are needed to be install on diesel engine. There are several previous research that prove that LPG can be used as an alternative in a dual-fuel system and can reduce the emissions. One of them by Ma’amuri (2016) who designed a mechanical LPG-diesel oil as dual-fuel, using a membrane converter. Result of this research provide that good diesel engine performance. In this research, LPG-diesel oil as dual-fuel using converter kit based on ECU or electronic control unit, and then, analyze the diesel engine emissions with experimental method. The purpose of this research is to determine the emissions produced by LPG-diesel oil as dual-fuel with converter kit based ECU. After taking and analytical data, known that the NOx emission from dual fuel diesel engine using ECU-based converter kit is lower than NOx emission from conventional diesel engine with B30 diesel fuel with percentage is 25,61 % for 3ms opening duration of gas injector, 39,99 % for 4 ms opening duration of gas injector and 26,5 % for 5 ms opening duration of gas injector. The NOx emission of conventional diesel engine is 2,46 g/kWh.
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Gettel, L. E., G. C. Perry, J. Boisvert, and P. J. O’Sullivan. "Dual Fuel Engine Control Systems for Transportation Applications." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 109, no. 4 (October 1, 1987): 435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240059.
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Microprocessor control systems have been developed for dual fuel diesel engines intended for transportation applications. Control system requirements for transportation engines are more demanding than for stationary engines, as the system must be able to cope with variable speed and load. Detailed fuel maps were determined for both normally aspirated and turbocharged diesel engines based on the criterion that the engine did not operate in the regimes where knock or incomplete combustion occurred. The control system was developed so that the engine would follow the detailed fuel map. The input variables to the control system are engine speed and load. Based on this, the system then controls the amount of natural gas and diesel fuel supplied to the engine. The performance of the system will be briefly summarized.
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KUMAR, Neeraj, Bharat Bhushan ARORA, and Sagar MAJI. "Experimental Evaluation of CNG Substitution Ratio on Exhaust Gas Emissions of Diesel/CNG Dual Fuel Combustion." Mechanics 29, no. 5 (October 18, 2023): 432–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j02.mech.33638.
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The addition of Compressed natural gas as a complement to diesel in compression ignition engines in dual-fuel combustion mode is a viable technology for increasing efficiency and lowering emissions. This work investigates the impact of a dual-fuel operating mode on the engine exhaust pollutant emissions of a diesel engine using compressed natural gas as the principal fuel and neat diesel as the pilot fuel. Compressed natural gas was injected into an intake manifold of a single-cylinder diesel test engine under different engine operating parameters, and up to 80% substitution was attained. And diesel fuel was injected after the compressed natural gas air mixture was compressed. The tests were carried out at five different compression ratios ranging from 13:1 to 15:1 in steps of 0.5:1. The experiment study revealed that injecting CNG into diesel engines via dual fuel combustion significantly impacted exhaust gas emissions compared to pure diesel combustion. The Carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions were increased, while carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxide (NOX) and smoke opacity were decreased in dual fuel combustion compared to single diesel fuel.
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Marques, Crístofer, Jean-D. Caprace, Carlos Belchior, and Alberto Martini. "An Approach for Predicting the Specific Fuel Consumption of Dual-Fuel Two-Stroke Marine Engines." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7, no. 2 (January 22, 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse7020020.
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Increasing environmental demands, alongside the planned penetration of natural gas as marine fuel, have rendered dual-fuel engines as an attractive prime mover alternative. In this context, knowing the specific fuel consumption is essential to selecting the most efficient engine. The specific fuel consumption can be approached by simulation models with varying levels of complexity that are either implemented by basic programming languages or simulated by dedicated packages. This study aims to develop a simplified model to predict the specific fuel consumption of dual-fuel two-stroke marine engines driving fixed or controllable pitch propellers. The model relies on clear trends approachable by polynomials that were revealed by normalizing specific fuel consumption. This model requires only the value of specific fuel consumption at a nominal maximum continuous rating to predict the engine consumption at any specified rating, including at partial engine load. The outcome of the study shows that the maximum deviations regarding the two simulated engines did not exceed −3.6%. In summary, the proposed model is a fast and effective tool for optimizing the selection of dual-fuel, two-stroke Diesel engines regarding fuel consumption.
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Kurczyński, Dariusz, Piotr Łagowski, and Saugirdas Pukalskas. "Nitrogen oxides concentrations and heat release characteristics of the Perkins 1104D-E44TA dual-fuel engine running with natural gas and diesel." Archives of Automotive Engineering – Archiwum Motoryzacji 84, no. 2 (June 28, 2019): 117–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14669/am.vol84.art9.
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In the near future, natural gas may become a fuel, which will see increased use in powering internal combustion engines. Due to its properties, it can be used to power spark-ignition engines without major obstacles. Yet using natural gas to power compression-ignition engines proves to be more difficult. One of the possibilities are the dual-fuel compression-ignition engines running with gas fuel and diesel fuel, enabling ignition through compression and combustion of gas fuel. The article presents the heat release characteristics of the Perkins 1104D-E44TA engine powered by compressed natural gas and diesel fuel. Characteristics of heat release are an image of the combustion process. They affect the engine performance indicators. The determined heat release characteristics for a dual-fuel-powered engine were compared with the heat release characteristics for a diesel engine under the same operating conditions. An analysis of heat release characteristics was carried in the scope of their influence on the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust of the tested engine. The effect of the relative amount of heat released and the heat release rate during the combustion process in the Perkins 1104D-E44TA engine cylinder running dual-fuel with CNG+diesel on the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust, as compared to the values measured when running with diesel fuel only, was demonstrated. Higher share of natural gas in the total amount of energy supplied to the engine cylinders results in greater differences in the course of the combustion process and result in a greater reduction in the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust of the tested engine.
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Lopatin, O. P. "Dynamics of heat release in a dual-fuel engine." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2697, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2697/1/012080.
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Abstract The increasing attention to the use of dual-fuel engines with compression ignition leads to the need to study the thermal engineering processes occurring in them. A model for calculating the thermal engineering stages in a cylinder of a dual-fuel engine with a refined composition of the working fluid is presented, including the determination of fuel supply characteristics, fuel injection and evaporation functions and allowing theoretically to determine with high accuracy the pressure function, cycle operation, power, efficient and thermal criteria for the operation of a dual-fuel engine. The paper attempts to show the mutual relationship between the individual processes of heat generation, their influence on the design parameters under the operating conditions characteristic of a dual-fuel engine, as well as on the operating conditions of components and parts.
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Hall, Carrie M., Michael Pamminger, James Sevik, and Thomas Wallner. "Instantaneous and cycle optimization of fuel usage on a dual fuel vehicle leveraging gasoline and natural gas." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 2 (December 8, 2017): 292–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407017743159.
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Recent increases in natural gas supply have led to a desire to leverage this fuel in the transportation sector. Dual fuel engines provide a platform on which to use natural gas efficiently; these engines, however, require new hardware and new control strategies to properly utilize two fuels simultaneously. This paper explores the impact of implementing dual fuel capabilities on a sedan and demonstrates that a dual fuel E10 and compressed natural gas engine is able to improve the average engine efficiency by up to 6.5% compared to a single fuel engine on standard drive cycles. An optimal control technique is also developed, and the proposed approach allows factors including fuel cost and fuel availability to be taken into account. Optimization at each time instant is investigated and contrasted with optimization over the entire cycle. Cycle optimization is shown to have particular value for cases in which the level in one fuel tank is low.
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Shu, Zepeng, Huibing Gan, Zhenguo Ji, and Ben Liu. "Modeling and Optimization of Fuel-Mode Switching and Control Systems for Marine Dual-Fuel Engine." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 12 (December 15, 2022): 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10122004.
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The marine dual-fuel engine can switch between diesel and gas modes according to the requirements of sailing conditions, fuel cost, and other working conditions to make sure the ship is in the best operating condition. In fuel-mode switching in engines, problems such as unstable combustion and large speed fluctuations are prone to occur. However, there are some disadvantages, such as poor safety, environmental pollution, and easy damage to the engine, when the large, marine dual-fuel engine is directly tested on the bench. Therefore, in this paper, a joint simulation model of a dual-fuel engine is built using GT Power and MATLAB/Simulink to investigate the engine’s transient process of fuel-mode switching, and the conventional fuel PID(Proportion Integral Differential) control system is optimized using the cuckoo search (CS) algorithm. The simulation results show that the dual-fuel engine model has good accuracy, and the response in transient conditions meets the manufacturer’s requirements. In the process of switching from gas mode to diesel mode, due to the rapid change in fuel, the engine parameters, such as speed, fluctuate significantly, which is prone to safety accidents. In the process of switching from diesel to gas mode, because the fuel switching is gentle, all parameters are relatively stable, and the possibility of safety accidents is slight. The fuel PID control system optimized based on the cuckoo search algorithm has a better engine control effect than the traditional fuel control system.
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Karagöz, Yasin, and Majid Mohammad Sadeghi. "Electronic control unit development and emissions evaluation for hydrogen–diesel dual-fuel engines." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 12 (December 2018): 168781401881407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018814076.
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In this study, it was aimed to operate today’s compression ignition engines easily in dual-fuel mode with a developed electronic control unit. Especially, diesel engines with mechanical fuel system can be easily converted to common-rail fuel system with a developed electronic control unit. Also, with this developed electronic control unit, old technology compression ignition engines can be turned into dual-fuel mode easily. Thus, thanks to the flexibility of engine maps to be loaded into the electronic control unit, diesel engines can conveniently be operated with alternative gas fuels and diesel dual fuel. In particular, hydrogen, an alternative, environmentally friendly, and clean gas fuel, can easily be used with diesel engines by pilot spraying. Software and hardware development of electronic control unit are made, in order to operate a diesel engine with diesel+hydrogen dual fuel. Finally, developed electronic control unit was reviewed on 1500 r/min stable engine speed on different hydrogen energy rates (0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% hydrogen) according to thermic efficiency and emissions (CO, total unburned hydrocarbons, NOx, and smoke), and apart from NOx emissions, a significant improvement has been obtained. There was no increased NOx emission on 15% hydrogen working condition; however, on 45% hydrogen working condition, a dramatic increase arose.
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Xu, Shuonan, David Anderson, Mark Hoffman, Robert Prucka, and Zoran Filipi. "A phenomenological combustion analysis of a dual-fuel natural-gas diesel engine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 231, no. 1 (August 5, 2016): 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407016633337.
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Energy security concerns and an abundant supply of natural gas in the USA provide the impetus for engine designers to consider alternative gaseous fuels in the existing engines. The dual-fuel natural-gas diesel engine concept is attractive because of the minimal design changes, the ability to preserve a high compression ratio of the baseline diesel, and the lack of range anxiety. However, the increased complexity of a dual-fuel engine poses challenges, including the knock limit at a high load, the combustion instability at a low load, and the transient response of an engine with directly injected diesel fuel and port fuel injection of compressed natural gas upstream of the intake manifold. Predictive simulations of the complete engine system are an invaluable tool for investigations of these conditions and development of dual-fuel control strategies. This paper presents the development of a phenomenological combustion model of a heavy-duty dual-fuel engine, aided by insights from experimental data. Heat release analysis is carried out first, using the cylinder pressure data acquired with both diesel-only and dual-fuel (diesel and natural gas) combustion over a wide operating range. A diesel injection timing correlation based on the injector solenoid valve pulse widths is developed, enabling the diesel fuel start of injection to be detected without extra sensors on the fuel injection cam. The experimental heat release trends are obtained with a hybrid triple-Wiebe function for both diesel-only operation and dual-fuel operation. The ignition delay period of dual-fuel operation is examined and estimated with a predictive correlation using the concept of a pseudo-diesel equivalence ratio. A four-stage combustion mechanism is discussed, and it is shown that a triple-Wiebe function has the ability to represent all stages of dual-fuel combustion. This creates a critical building block for modeling a heavy-duty dual-fuel turbocharged engine system.
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Singh, Praveen Kumar, Dharamveer Singh, and Shakti Singh. "Experimental Studies on Utilization of Biogas with Biodiesel/Diesel Blends in a CI Engine." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 10 (October 5, 2024): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem37823.
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The present study covers the utilization of a gaseous alternative fuel, raw biogas, in a diesel engine. Biogas alone cannot run a diesel engine, because gaseous fuel cannot burn by compression. It can be supplied to the CI engines in dual fuel mode by using an air-biogas mixer device. In this work, it is aimed to investigate the performance and emission characteristics of a biogas-biodiesel/diesel dual fuel mode diesel engine by employing a venturi gas mixer device for providing a homogeneous mixture. The performance and emission characteristics of the engine operated by dual-fuel mode were experimentally investigated, and compared to diesel. The results indicated that biogas inducted at a flow rate of 1L/min was found to have better performance and lower emission, than that of the other flow rates. On the other hand, dual-fuel mode with a biogas flow rate of BD10 BG@1L/min showed an average reduction in BTE of 9.94% and an average increment of 8.82% in BSFC as compared to diesel. Whereas an increment in CO and HC by 5.18% and 3.01% respectively and an average reduction in NOx emissions by 14.91% as compared to diesel. Keywords: Alternative Fuel, Biogas, Biodiesel, Diesel Engine, Dual-fuel, Venturi Gas Mixer
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Ramesha, D. K., Adhiviraj Singh Bangari, Chirag P. Rathod, and Chaitanya R. Samartha. "Experimental Investigation Of Biogas-Biodiesel Dual Fuel Combustion In A Diesel Engine." Journal of Middle European Construction and Design of Cars 13, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mecdc-2015-0003.
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Abstract This study is an attempt at achieving diesel fuel equivalent performance from diesel engines with maximum substitution of diesel with renewable fuels. In this context the study has been designed to analyze the influence of B20 algae biodiesel as a pilot fuel in a biodiesel biogas dual fuel engine, and results are compared to those of biodiesel and diesel operation at identical engine settings. Experiments were performed at various loads from 0 to 100 % of maximum load at a constant speed of 1500 rpm. In general, B20 algae biodiesel is compatible with diesel in terms of performance and combustion characteristics. Dual fuel mode operation displays lower thermal efficiency and higher fuel consumption than for other fuel modes of the test run across the range of engine loads. Dual fuel mode displayed lower emissions of NOx and Smoke opacity while HC and CO concentrations were considerably higher as compared to other fuels. In dual fuel mode peak pressure and heat release rate were slightly higher compared to diesel and biodiesel mode of operation for all engine loads.
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Grosshans, G., and M. Litzler. "Pielstick Experience With Dual-Fuel Engines and Cogeneration." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 110, no. 3 (July 1, 1988): 349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240128.
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SEMT PIELSTICK has developed since 1971 a range of medium-speed dual-fuel engines with relatively high air-fuel ratios, which enable ratings similar to diesel engines. The PC 2.3 DF.C of 1971 was developed up to 535 hp/cyl. and was followed by the PC 2.5 DF.C of 600 hp/cyl. This later engine was applied in the West German cogeneration plan of a textile factory, giving more than 82 percent use of primary energy. This engine may also be used as a pollution-abating machine, because it traps toxic solvent vapors, which are burned in the engine, reducing furthermore the apparent (paid) energy consumption. Thanks to the lean air-gas mixture, the very severe West German limits on pollution could be fulfilled without any extra depolluting device. The newest development is the PA 5 DF engine of the same philosophy, which will cover the 1000 to 3600 kW range.
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LASOCKI, Jakub, Piotr ORLIŃSKI, Marcin WOJS, Marlena OWCZUK, and Anna MATUSZEWSKA. "Hydroxyl radicals as an indicator of knocking combustion in the dual-fuel compression-ignition engine." Combustion Engines 168, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-129.
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The occurrence of knocking combustion is one of the basic problems of dual-fuel compression-ignition engines supplied with diesel oil and gaseous fuel. In order to detect this phenomenon and evaluate its intensity, several methods are commonly used, including the analysis of pressure of working medium in the combustion chamber of the engine or vibrations of certain engine components. This paper discusses the concept of using mass fraction of hydroxyl radicals as the indicator of the occurrence of knocking combustion. Current knowledge on the conditions of hydroxyl radical formation in the engine combustion chamber has been systematized and the results of research on this subject have been presented. Theoretical considerations are illustrated by exemplary results of simulation studies of the combustion process in a dual-fuel compression-ignition engine supplied with diesel oil and methane. The conclusions drawn may be -useful for the development of dual-fuel engine control systems.
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Lebedevas, Sergejus, Lukas Norkevičius, and Peilin Zhou. "Investigation of Effect on Environmental Performance of Using LNG as Fuel for Engines in Seaport Tugboats." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9020123.
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Decarbonization of ship power plants and reduction of harmful emissions has become a priority in the technological development of maritime transport, including ships operating in seaports. Engines fueled by diesel without using secondary emission reduction technologies cannot meet MARPOL 73/78 Tier III regulations. The MEPC.203 (62) EEDI directive of the IMO also stipulates a standard for CO2 emissions. This study presents the results of research on ecological parameters when a CAT 3516C diesel engine is replaced by a dual-fuel (diesel-liquefied natural gas) powered Wartsila 9L20DF engine on an existing seaport tugboat. CO2, SO2 and NOx emission reductions were estimated using data from the actual engine load cycle, the fuel consumption of the KLASCO-3 tugboat, and engine-prototype experimental data. Emission analysis was performed to verify the efficiency of the dual-fuel engine in reducing CO2, SO2 and NOx emissions of seaport tugboats. The study found that replacing a diesel engine with a dual-fuel-powered engine led to a reduction in annual emissions of 10% for CO2, 91% for SO2, and 65% for NOx. Based on today’s fuel price market data an economic impact assessment was conducted based on the estimated annual fuel consumption of the existing KLASCO-3 seaport tugboat when a diesel-powered engine is replaced by a dual-fuel (diesel-natural gas)-powered engine. The study showed that a 33% fuel costs savings can be achieved each year. Based on the approved methodology, an ecological impact assessment was conducted for the entire fleet of tugboats operating in the Baltic Sea ports if the fuel type was changed from diesel to natural gas. The results of the assessment showed that replacing diesel fuel with natural gas achieved 78% environmental impact in terms of NOx emissions according to MARPOL 73/78 Tier III regulations. The research concludes that new-generation engines on the market powered by environmentally friendly fuels such as LNG can modernise a large number of existing seaport tugboats, significantly reducing their emissions in ECA regions such as the Baltic Sea.
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Stewart, J., and A. Clarke. "A Three-Zone Heat-Release Rate Model for Dual-Fuel Combustion." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 224, no. 11 (May 14, 2010): 2423–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes1955.
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Dual-fuel engines are modified compression ignition engines, where the primary source of fuel is a gaseous fuel, and ignition is provided by a ‘pilot’ injection of a reduced quantity of diesel. The generally accepted understanding of the dual-fuel engine describes its combustion process as proceeding in three stages. Initially, around half of the pilot will burn and entrain some gaseous fuel into an overall fuel-rich process. Subsequently, the remaining pilot fuel burns and entrains an increasing amount of the primary fuel into its reaction zone. In the final stage, a flame propagation process engulfs the remaining gaseous fuel. In this article, a three-zone model for the analysis of heat-release rate during the dual-fuel combustion process will be derived. This model will be tested against data obtained for diesel combustion and then applied to experimental data from a dual-fuel test program. It will be shown that there is little evidence to support the generally accepted description of the dual-fuel combustion process in a direct injection engine. The conclusion of this work is that dual-fuel combustion may be better considered as a diesel combustion process, where the gaseous fuel modifies the reaction zone surrounding each igniting droplet of the pilot fuel.
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Ismail, M. M., M. Fawzi, F. H. Zulkifli, and S. A. Osman. "Effects of Fuel Ratio on Performance and Emission of Diesel-Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Dual Fuel Engine." Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia 2, no. 2 (April 28, 2021): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v2i2.86.
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Recent research breakthrough reveals that diesel-CNG dual fuel (DDF) combustion can potentially reduce exhaust emission of internal combustion engines. However, problem arises when knock phenomenon occurs producing high carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emission due to uncontrolled blending ratio of diesel-CNG fuel on specific engine load. This study will determine the limit of dual fuel ratio before knock occurrence while analysing performance and exhaust emission of an engine operating with diesel and DDF fuel mode. A 2.5 litre 4-cylinder direct injection common-rail diesel engine was utilised as a test platform. The models tested were 100% Diesel, 90% DDF, 80% DDF and 70% DDF, representing diesel to CNG mass ratio of 100:0, 90:10, 80:20 and 70:30 respectively. It was found that DDF engine performance was lower compared to diesel engine at 1500 rpm engine speed. At higher engine speed, the 70% DDF showed engine performance comparable to diesel engine. However, high HC emission with knock onset and a decrease of Nitrogen Oxide (NOX) emission were recorded. This study suggests the preferred limit of dual fuel ratio should not be lower than 70% DDF which will be able to operate at high engine speed without the occurrence of knock and poor exhaust emission.
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SKRZEK, Tomasz. "Duel fuel compression ignition engine fuelled with homogeneous mixtures of propane and kerosene-based fuel." Combustion Engines 178, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2019-333.
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The paper presents some results of examination of DF CI engine fuelled with kerosene-based fuel (Jet A-1) and propane. The aim was to obtain the maximum engine thermal and overall efficiency and checking the engine emissions for the application of significant share of propane as a main source of energy. The fuel which initiates the ignition was Jet A-1 provided by common rail system during the beginning of compression stroke. Propane was provided to inlet manifold in a gas phase. The method of providing of both fuels to the engine cylinder allowed to create nearly homogeneous mixture and realized HCCI process for dual fueling with Jet A-1 and propane. It was possible to compare two combustion strategies PCCI and HCCI for fuelling of CI engine with single fuel (Jet A-1) and dual fuelling with Jet A-1 and propane. The results of experiment show that the NOx and soot emissions are much lower than for standard CI or SI engines. The results also show very interesting potential role of propane in control of HCCI dual fuel combustion process which gives the new perspective of dual fuel engine development. The low levels of toxic components in exhaust gases encourage to test and develop this type of fuelling which could radically confine the negative influence on the environment as well as enable to apply an alternative fuels.
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Wu, H. W., T. Z. Hsu, and W. H. Lai. "Dual Fuel Turbocharged Engine Operated with Exhaust Gas Recirculation." Journal of Mechanics 34, no. 1 (May 12, 2016): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2016.32.
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AbstractWith good combustion characteristics, hydrogen has been developing as a clean alternative fuel of engines. This study is to develop a diesel/hydrogen dual fuel engine. The hydrogen was added at inlet port in a 4-cylinder direct injection turbocharged diesel engine with an EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) system to investigate engine performance and exhaust pollutant. The measured items are composed of the gas pressure of cylinder, crank angle, consumption rate of diesel, consumption rate of hydrogen, air flow rate, emissions (HC, CO2, NOX, and Smoke), and so on. The authors analyze how the addition of hydrogen with EGR system influences the engine performance and emissions. The diesel/hydrogen dual fuel turbocharged engine can increase the brake thermal efficiency with a greater decrease in emissions compared with the turbocharged diesel engine. Furthermore, the authors little altered the engine structure to get the positive effect of energy saving and pollutant decreasing.
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Kammuang-lue, Niti, and Matas Bhudtiyatanee. "CO2 concentration from turbocharged common rail diesel engine dually fueled with compressed biomethane gas controlled at optimum ratio." MATEC Web of Conferences 192 (2018): 02013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819202013.
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The objectives of this study are to investigate the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration from the compressed biomethane gas (CBG) and diesel dual-fueled diesel engine and to compare the CO2 concentration produced from the dual-fueled and the diesel-fueled engines. The duration of CBG injection was controlled by following the optimum ratio of the CBG obtained from the previous study. During the test, the engine speed was varied from 1,000 to 4,000 rpm and the engine torque was maintained to be 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the maximum engine torque. Experiment was divided into two parts consisting of the dual-fueled and the diesel-fueled modes. From the dual-fueled mode, when the engine speed increased, the CO2 concentration decreased. Because the optimum ratio of the CBG and the volumetric efficiency decrease during the high engine speed range, the proportion of the diesel increases, the incomplete combustion occurs. The unburned carbon oxidizes to be the CO in higher proportion than the CO2, thus, the CO2 consequently decreases. From the CO2 comparison, the dual-fuel mode produced the CO2 nearly the same as that of the diesel-fuel mode during the low engine torque. On contrary, the dual-fuel mode had higher CO2 concentration during the high engine torque.
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STELMASIAK, Zdzisław, Jerzy LARISCH, and Dariusz PIETRAS. "Issues related to naturally aspirated and supercharged CI engines fueled with diesel oil and CNG gas." Combustion Engines 169, no. 2 (May 1, 2017): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2017-205.
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The study presents results of a research work on two various Diesel engines adapted for dual fuel feeding with CNG gas and diesel oil. The first engine is naturally aspirated, medium-sized engine, corresponding to engines mounted as power units in trucks and buses. Natural gas was used as the main fuel to this engine, and amount of diesel oil was reduced to minimum according to criterion of correct operation of injection system and reliable ignition of gaseous mixture. The second engine was a high-speed, supercharged engine of Fiat 1.3 MJT type, destined to powering of passenger cars. This engine is equipped with modern engine technologies, high-pressure injection system of Common Rail type with division of fuel dose and recirculation of exhaust gases, with catalytic converter and DPF filter. To fueling of this engine was used small additive of gas, aimed at reduction of smokiness of exhaust gases. Performed research has shown beneficial effect of gas on engine efficiency, reduction of concentration of nitrogen oxides, smokiness of exhaust gases and emission of particulate matter. Simultaneously, however, emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons had increased, especially in area of partial engine loads. Results of the study are pointing at possibility of installation of dual fuel system in traction engines with different size.
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Kumar, Nikhil Muthu, Harsh Bhavsar, G. Sakthivel, Mohammed Musthafa Feroskhan, and K. Karunamurthy. "Performance and emission characteristics of dual fuel engine using biodiesels." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 850, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/850/1/012005.
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Abstract The introduction of the strict emissions norms is diverting the research for the development of new technologies which leads to the reduction of engine exhaust emissions. The usage of biodiesel in CI engine can enhance air quality index and protects the environment. Biodiesel can do an increment in the life of CI engines because it is clean-burning and a stable fuel when compared to diesel. Moreover, biogas has the potential to decrease both nitrogen oxides and smoke emissions simultaneously. Operating the engine in dual-fuel mode can provide lower emissions and a proper substitute for diesel. In this research, a modified CI Engine with single cylinder is used. Biogas is used as primary fuel and diesel, Mahua oil-diesel blend and Fish oil-diesel blend are used as secondary fuel. The effect of various secondary fuel blends on performance and emission characteristics in dual fuel engine are compared. In light of the performance and emission qualities it is reasoned that, utilization of the dual fuel mode in engine signifies the durability and lessens the harmful emissions from the engine with the exception of hydrocarbon and CO emissions. The excessive viscosity of fish oil and mahua oil prompts inconvenience in siphoning and spray attributes. The incompetent mixing of raw fish oil and raw mahua oil with diesel and biogas including air leads to incomplete combustion.
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Munadi, M., Mochammad Ariyanto, M. Muchammad, and Joga Setiawan. "Optimal engine mapping performances for dual spark-plug ignition internal combustion engine using neural network." Journal of Applied Engineering Science 20, no. 1 (2022): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-28542.
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Many variables affect the performance and fuel consumption of internal combustion engines. The most influential main variables include air, fuel, ignition, and compression. Spark plugs that play role in the ignition of fire have limitations in the propagation of fire due to their position because of the dual ignition technology. This study aimed to develop engine maps for dual ignition internal combustion engine using the Artificial Neural Network to predict the fuel consumption, generated torque, and find out the right combination of fire ignition on dual ignition systems to improve performance and reduce fuel consumption. The research was conducted with the initial step of retrieving the data engine map by using an engine scanner to find out the data on the current ECU. Then the data is modified to create a new engine map (modified engine mapping) that combines ignition timing 2 with a range of 0.5o - 2o. The test results show different torque and fuel consumption values in four modified engine maps. The optimum engine mapping is obtained on engine map 3 with an error value (Mean Square Error) of 0.002 and a regression value (R2) of 0.99. Modification map engine 3 with a combination of ignition timing 2 of 1.5o on ignition timing 1 shows the highest torque result with an increase in torque of 14.1% and a decrease in fuel consumption of 17.5%.
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LUFT, Sławomir. "A dual-fuel compression ignition engine – distinctive features." Combustion Engines 141, no. 2 (May 1, 2010): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117144.
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For many years in the Department of Automobiles and Internal Combustion Engines in Technical University of Radom there are carried out investigations on dual-fuel compression ignition engine in which the ignition is initiated by a pilot diesel oil dose and the applied main fuels have properties similar to those applied in spark ignition engines. The tested fuels were methanol, ethanol, LPG and natural gas. Analysis of the obtained results allowed to make some generalizations and to determine advantages as well as problems which should be solved for higher efficiency, power and durability. The paper will present information on efficiency, power, toxic exhaust emission and chosen parameters of combustion process of a dual-fuel compression ignition engine as well as on a difficult to control – knock combustion which may result in lower engine durability and piston crank mechanism failure.
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Jamrozik, Arkadiusz, Wojciech Tutak, and Karol Grab-Rogaliński. "An Experimental Study on the Performance and Emission of the diesel/CNG Dual-Fuel Combustion Mode in a Stationary CI Engine." Energies 12, no. 20 (October 12, 2019): 3857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12203857.
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One of the possibilities to reduce diesel fuel consumption and at the same time reduce the emission of diesel engines, is the use of alternative gaseous fuels, so far most commonly used to power spark ignition engines. The presented work concerns experimental research of a dual-fuel compression-ignition (CI) engine in which diesel fuel was co-combusted with CNG (compressed natural gas). The energy share of CNG gas was varied from 0% to 95%. The study showed that increasing the share of CNG co-combusted with diesel in the CI engine increases the ignition delay of the combustible mixture and shortens the overall duration of combustion. For CNG gas shares from 0% to 45%, due to the intensification of the combustion process, it causes an increase in the maximum pressure in the cylinder, an increase in the rate of heat release and an increase in pressure rise rate. The most stable operation, similar to a conventional engine, was characterized by a diesel co-combustion engine with 30% and 45% shares of CNG gas. Increasing the CNG share from 0% to 90% increases the nitric oxide emissions of a dual-fuel engine. Compared to diesel fuel supply, co-combustion of this fuel with 30% and 45% CNG energy shares contributes to the reduction of hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, which increases after exceeding these values. Increasing the share of CNG gas co-combusted with diesel fuel, compared to the combustion of diesel fuel, reduces carbon dioxide emissions, and almost completely reduces carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas of a dual-fuel engine.
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Singh, Praveen Kumar, Dharamveer Singh, and Ashok Kumar Yadav. "Experimental Research on Biogas Utilization in CI Engines Using Biodiesel/Diesel Blends." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 10 (October 31, 2022): 1089–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.47135.
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Abstract: The present study covers the utilization of a gaseous alternative fuel, raw biogas, in a diesel engine. Biogas alone cannot run a diesel engine, because gaseous fuel cannot burn by compression. It can be supplied to the CI engines in dual fuel mode by using an air-biogas mixer device. In this work, it is aimed to investigate the performance and emission characteristics of a biogas-biodiesel/diesel dual fuel mode diesel engine by employing a venturi gas mixer device for providing a homogeneous mixture.The performance and emission characteristics of the engine operated by dual-fuel mode were experimentally investigated, and compared to diesel. The results indicated that biogas inducted at a flow rate of 1L/min was found to have better performance and lower emission, than that of the other flow rates. On the other hand, dual-fuel mode with a biogas flow rate of BD10 BG@1L/min showed an average reduction in BTE of 9.94% and an average increment of 8.82% in BSFC as compared to diesel. Whereas an increment in CO and HC by 5.18% and 3.01% respectively and an average reduction in NOx emissions by 14.91% as compared to diesel.
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PATILEA, Adriana, and Eugen RUSU. "THE ADVANTAGES OF USING DUAL-FUEL ENGINE COMPARED TO THE CONVENTIONAL ENGINE." Mechanical Testing and Diagnosis 9, no. 4 (January 15, 2020): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/mtd.2019.4.04.
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Flexible dual-fuel power technology is becoming increasingly important in a marine market where fuel oil prices are fluctuating and emission legislation is becoming ever more stringent.The advantage of the dual-fuel technology is, without doubt, fuel flexibility. This technology makes it possible to utilise the economic and environmental superiority of gas fuel. The benefits of natural gas are low price and good environmental compatibility, thanks to its clean combustion.The main objective of the present work is to provide a more comprehensive view of the advantages of choosing a dual fuel engine instead of the conventional engine. For this analysis will be considered two ships and will also be taken into account the Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI).
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LARISCH, Jerzy, and Zdzisław STELMASIAK. "Dual fuelling SI engine with alcohol and gasoline." Combustion Engines 145, no. 2 (May 1, 2011): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117104.
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The Department of Internal Combustion Engines and Vehicles, Technical University of Bielsko-Biala has carried out work on alternative fuels in the area of dual-fueling of SI engines. The paper presents the concept of dual fuel (alcohol and gasoline) MPI injected spark-ignition engine using a fuel mixing device. The solution consists in mixing the fuel (gasoline and alcohol) before or in the fuel rail, which ensures a variable share of alcohol in the mixture in the range from 0÷100%, depending on the engine operating conditions (engine revolutions and load), and its thermal state. The fuels are delivered to the mixing chamber through the solenoid valves that allow a proper selection of the proportion of alcohol and gasoline. The pre-prepared mixture is injected through the original injectors to the intake manifold, around the intake valve. This paper presents the prototype of the mixer that allows mixing of the gasoline and alcohol in any proportion using a PWM.
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Zhang, Chunhua, Yaozhang Bian, Lizeng Si, Junzhi Liao, and N. Odbileg. "A study on an electronically controlled liquefied petroleum gas-diesel dual-fuel automobile." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 219, no. 2 (February 1, 2005): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440705x6470.
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In this paper, the control scheme of a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)-diesel dual-fuel engine with electronic control is illustrated, the external characteristics and load characteristics of the LPG-diesel dual-fuel engine and the diesel engine are compared and analysed, and the results of automobile road tests are also given. The experimental results show that, compared with diesel, the output performance of dual fuel is not reduced, while smoke emission of dual fuel is significantly reduced, NOx emission of dual fuel is hardly changed, but HC emission and CO emission of dual fuel are increased and fuel consumption of dual fuel is reduced.
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Ilves, Risto, Rauno Põldaru, Andres Annuk, and Jüri Olt. "THE IMPACT OF A TWO-PHASE DIESEL FUEL PILOT INJECTION ON THE COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS AIR–FUEL MIXTURE COMBUSTION PROCESS IN A DIESEL ENGINE." Transport 37, no. 5 (December 20, 2022): 330–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2022.17938.
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Nowadays, there is a global trend towards the use of alternative fuels in order to reduce environmental pollution. For example, Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) has become more widely used around the world. The use of different fuels in engines affects the combustion process and efficiency, with the latter potentially being reduced by such means as, for example, the use of gaseous fuels in conventional diesel engines. Therefore, it is also important to know how CNG combusts in a diesel engine and how the combustion process can be improved. Consequently, the aim of the study is to give an overview of the effect of divided Diesel Fuel (DF) pilot injection on the combustion process of a naturally aspirated diesel engine using dual-fuel mode, with one fuel being DF and the other CNG. The focus of the article is on the commonly used engines on which the diesel injection system works regularly, and CNG fuel is injected into the intake manifold as an additional fuel. The engine DF quantity and injection timing are regulated by the acceleration pedal. The article provides an overview of the diesel and dual-fuel combustion process, and compare the DF and dual-fuel combustion processes. For this purpose, a test was carried out in order to measure the various involved parameters, such as the combustion pressure, torque, and fuel consumption. The results demonstrated that ignition delay does not significantly vary with the use of gas as a fuel source, and the maximum combustion pressure is actually higher with gas. The combustion is more rapid in dual-fuel mode and results indicate that when using dual-fuel mode on regular engines, it would be necessary to regulate the pre- and main-injection timing.
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Zhivljuk, Grigorij E., and Aleksandr P. Petrov. "ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF POWER PLANTS: DUAL-FUEL AND GAS ENGINES." Vestnik Gosudarstvennogo universiteta morskogo i rechnogo flota imeni admirala S. O. Makarova 14, no. 3 (September 2, 2022): 449–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21821/2309-5180-2022-14-3-449-462.
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The subject of this study is internal combustion engines capable of using gaseous fuels-gas and dual-fuel engines. The main technologies of using natural gas in piston engines from the standpoint of ensuring the highest energy efficiency and environmental safety are considered in the paper. It is noted that the use of natural gas as a fuel, regardless of the technology, reduces carbon dioxide emissions from combustion products by 28 % compared to liquid fuels. All known designs of gas and dual-fuel engines fundamentally implement two technologies, namely, the use of homogeneous or heterogeneous gas-air mixtures. The most common is the technology of homogeneous mixtures, which provides high fuel efficiency and the highest environmental safety indicators. This technology provides for the supply of low-pressure gas to the intake ducts of the engine through automatic gas valves. There are practically no sulfur oxides, solid particles in the exhaust gases of the engine, and the emission of nitrogen oxides can be provided at the level of the requirements of the Tier III standard. At the same time, the main disadvantage of the homogeneous mixture technology is the potential penetration of natural gas with a high level of greenhouse effect (which is up to 28 times higher than the effect of carbon-acid gas) into the exhaust tract of the engine - “methane slippage”. This negative aspect can be largely minimized through the use of heterogeneous technology, when fuel gas is fed directly into the cylinder of a dual-fuel engine under high pressure, up to 50 bar, at the end of the compression process. This technology is becoming widespread in the structures of two-stroke engines due to the specifics of their gas exchange process. However, the high dynamics of the heat release process in the implementation of heterogeneous technology of gas-air mixtures is associated with a high emission of nitrogen oxides, commensurate with the emission of NOx by a diesel engine. Based on the analysis of the parameters and characteristics of the products of leading manufacturers implementing various technologies for using natural gas as fuel, conclusions about the potential advantages and prospects of using gas and dual-fuel engines are made.
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Pal, Amit, and Abhishek Tiwari. "An Investigation of the Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Compression Ignition Engines in Dual-Fuel Mode." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 1, no. 3 (2013): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.131311.
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Nowadays automobiles have become significantly essential to our modern life style. On the other hand, future of automobiles, built on the internal combustion engines, has been badly hit by the twin problems due to diminishing fuel supplies and environmental degradation. Thus, it is very important to identify some clean-burning, renewable, alternative fuels to ensure the safe survival of internal combustion engines. However, it is not possible to have a common alternative fuel for universal application in the existing engines that have been designed to operate on petroleum-based fuels. Towards this, scientists have proposed a range of solutions for diesel engines, one of which is the use of gaseous fuels as a complement for liquid diesel fuel. These engines, which use conventional diesel fuel and gaseous fuel, are referred to as ‘dual-fuel engines’. In this work an attempt is made to find the role of various operating parameters in optimizing engine operating and design parameters, and the effect of the type of gaseous fuel on the performance and emissions of the gas diesel engines. The ‘dual fuel concept’ is a promising technique for controlling both NOx and soot emissions even on existing diesel engine. But, HC, CO emissions and ‘bsfc’ are higher for part load gas diesel engine operations.
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Gowdal, Pavan J., R. Rakshith, S. Akhilesh, Manjunath ., and Ananth S. Iyengar. "An Experimental Investigation Of Central Injection Based Hydrogen Dual Fuel Spark Ignition Engine." Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels 70, no. 3A (July 12, 2022): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/jmmf/2022/30685.
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Automobile industry is steadily moving away from traditional fossil fuels towards more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Alternative to traditional fuels include hydrogen, which has the potential to satisfy the current energy demand in automotive field. However, design and fabrication of engines using pure hydrogen has many technological challenges. Combination of traditional fuels and hydrogen can reduce engine emissions including hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), significant decrease in the carbon di oxide and methane. Additionally, the dual fuel engines provide the necessary savings with higher specific fuel consumption. However, dual fuel engines have a number of disadvantages such as pre-ignition, increase in NO<sub>x</sub> emissions, lower brake power and reduced brake thermal efficiency. In the present study, a single cylinder 110 cc spark ignition engine is procured and is retrofitted to admit hydrogen gas at specified pressures. The engine performance is measured using a mechanical load specifically designed for the engine. Brake power, torque, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and other performance parameters are measured. The results from the engine is compared to the MATLAB model to study the inner working of the dual fuel engine to understand the pre-ignition characteristics. The results follow similar trends presented in the literature, the deviations in our study can be attributed to the type of engine selected and experimental errors. The highest increase in brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption is 15.6 % and 22.5% respectively at 3500 rpm. The CO, and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions have reduced by 86%, 26% respectively and increase of 16% in NO<sub>x</sub> is observed due to increase in combustion temperature.
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Mustafa Ali, Mohamed, and Sabir Mohamed Salih. "Factors Affecting Performance of Dual Fuel Compression Ignition Engines." Applied Mechanics and Materials 388 (August 2013): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.388.217.
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Compression Ignition Diesel Engine use Diesel as conventional fuel. This has proven to be the most economical source of prime mover in medium and heavy duty loads for both stationary and mobile applications. Performance enhancements have been implemented to optimize fuel consumption and increase thermal efficiency as well as lowering exhaust emissions on these engines. Recently dual fueling of Diesel engines has been found one of the means to achieve these goals. Different types of fuels are tried to displace some of the diesel fuel consumption. This study is made to identify the most favorable conditions for dual fuel mode of operation using Diesel as main fuel and Gasoline as a combustion improver. A single cylinder naturally aspirated air cooled 0.4 liter direct injection diesel engine is used. Diesel is injected by the normal fuel injection system, while Gasoline is carbureted with air using a simple single jet carburetor mounted at the air intake. The engine has been operated at constant speed of 3000 rpm and the load was varied. Different Gasoline to air mixture strengths investigated, and diesel injection timing is also varied. The optimum setting of the engine has been defined which increased the thermal efficiency, reduced the NOx % and HC%.
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Stepanenko, Denys, and Zbigniew Kneba. "ECU calibration for gaseous dual fuel supply system in compression ignition engines." Combustion Engines 182, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2020-306.
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The dual fuel (DF) combustion mode is proven solution that allows to improve or get at the same level engine performance and reduce toxic compounds in exhaust gases which is confirmed by researchers and end-users. DF combustion mode uses two fuels gaseous fuel as a primary energy source and a pilot quantity of diesel fuel as ignition source. However, in order, to fully take advantage of the potential of the dual fuel mode, DF system must be proper calibrated. Despite the existence of commercial control systems for dual fuel engines on the market, the literature on the important parameters for the engine's operation introduced during calibration is scarce. This article briefly describes a concept of working algorithm and calibration strategy of a dual fuel electronic control unit (ECU) The purpose of calibration is to achieve the greatest possible use of an alternative gaseous fuel without causing accelerated engine wear.
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Mohammud @ Mahmood, Mohd Mahadzir, Ahmad Faiz Mohd Fauzi, Noor Iswadi Ismail, Mahamad Hisyam Mahamad Basri, and Shamsul Mohamad. "The Effect of Dual Fuel Producer Gases with Y-Shaped Mixing Chamber on Single Cylinder Spark Ignition Engine Operation." ESTEEM Academic Journal 19, September (September 30, 2023): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/esteem.v19iseptember.21066.
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In the operation of SI engines, alternative biomass fuels such as rice husk can be utilized. This will contribute limit the consumption of fossil fuels. The dual-fuel approach can also be employed on SI engines. One of the solutions that can be employed in dual-fuel SI engines with gasoline is producer gas, a flammable gas created by biomass gasification. However, the numerous methods of incorporating gases into SI engines necessitate substantial investigation. In this study, producer gas and gasoline are combined and fed into an SI engine. The dual fuel is used to power the single-cylinder SI engine. The most optimal operation of the Y-shaped mixing chamber is investigated. Experiments were conducted to determine the optimal air-producer gas ratio values based on the SI engine's ability to operate in time at idle. Two variables were chosen as inputs: air producer gas ratio and fuel mixture percentage. According to the study's findings, an air-producer-gas ratio of 1.5:1 with 50% gasoline results in better mixing. The single-cylinder SI engine has been running smoothly and longer than other parameters without knocking.
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Vo, Tan Chau, Dang Long Tran, Quoc Sy Nguyen, Quang Khai Cao, Thanh Nhan Nguyen, and Minh Hao Le. "A Study on LPG injection based speed regulator for dual fuel diesel engine." Journal of Technical Education Science, no. 72A (October 28, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.54644/jte.72a.2022.1264.
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Diesel engines are popularly interested due to their great economic efficiency and the high amount of harmful emissions released. The conversion of using multi-fuel engines aims to reduce emissions, and diversifying alternative energy sources to replace diesel fuel, is a potential solution. This paper presents a method to convert the fuel system of the DI-diesel engine type Vikyno RV125 to LPG-diesel dual combustion mode and preliminarily evaluate performance characteristics operating with the LPG injection-based speed regulator. An LPG injector controller circuit was actuated to operate the engine with different load modes up to 5.0kW at corresponding engine speeds. The air intake manifold was modified to calibrate the air-mass flow to effective performance. The experimental result revealed that the changed system could operate in LPG-diesel dual combustion mode. The operating stability of the engine was recognized at speeds up to 1600rpm. A study on engine exhaust emissions will be performed in the next research stage.
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Shen, Ya Chong, Chun Hua Zhang, Gang Li, and Jia Wang Zhou. "Effects of Substitution Ratio on the Emission Characteristics of a Dual-Fuel Engine Fueled with Pilot Diesel Fuel and Methanol." Advanced Materials Research 1092-1093 (March 2015): 504–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.504.
Full textAbstract:
Substitution ratio is an important parameter influencing on the performance of dual-fuel engine. In order to study the effects of substitution ratio on the emission characteristics of diesel/ methanol dual-fuel engine, a 6-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine was converted into a dual-fuel engine fueled with pilot diesel fuel and methanol. Methanol was injected into the intake pipe and ignited by pilot diesel fuel. Experiments were performed at a constant speed of 1400 r/min, and at three different engine loads of 40%, 60% and 100%. The experimental results indicate that CO and HC emissions of dual-fuel mode both increase significantly with the increase of substitution ratio, and are higher than those of diesel mode. Compared to diesel mode, dual-fuel mode generates lower NOx and smoke emissions. In addition, as substitution ratio increases, NOx and smoke emissions are decreased.
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Vatolin, Dmitry S. "Research of the possibility of increasing the detonation stability of a marine dual-fuel diesel engine." Russian Journal of Water Transport, no. 66 (March 23, 2021): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37890/jwt.vi66.147.
Full textAbstract:
This article examined the environmental and economic prerequisites for the widespread use of dual-fuel diesel engines in the global fleet. A brief overview of the existing cycles used in marine dual-fuel diesel engines was made.. The prospects and problems of their further development were also considered. The basis of the article is the study of a possible increase in the detonation resistance of dual-fuel diesels through the use of a strong Miller cycle. The research was conducted using the software of the leading company in the field of design and engine building AVL List GmbH. As a prototype, the serial marine engine MAN 8L51/60DF was adopted, and the model is based on data obtained during three years of its operation
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Putrasari, Yanuandri, Achmad Praptijanto, Arifin Nur, Widodo Budi Santoso, Mulia Pratama, Ahmad Dimyani, Suherman Suherman, Bambang Wahono, Muhammad Khristamto Aditya Wardana, and Ocktaeck Lim. "Thermal efficiency and emission characteristics of a diesel-hydrogen dual fuel CI engine at various loads condition." Journal of Mechatronics, Electrical Power, and Vehicular Technology 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/j.mev.2018.v9.49-56.
Full textAbstract:
Efforts to find alternative fuels and reduce emissions of CI engines have been conducted, one of which is the use of diesel hydrogen dual fuel. One of the goals of using hydrogen in dual-fuel combustion systems is to reduce particulate emissions and increase engine power. This study investigates the thermal efficiency and emission characteristics of a diesel-hydrogen dual fuel CI engine at various loads condition. The hydrogen was used as a secondary fuel in a single cylinder 667 cm3 diesel engine. The hydrogen was supplied to intake manifold by fumigation method, and diesel was injected directly into the combustion chamber. The results show that the performance test yielding an increase around 10% in the value of thermal efficiency of diesel engines with the addition of hydrogen either at 2000 or 2500 rpm. Meanwhile, emission analyses show that the addition of hydrogen at 2000 and 2500 rpm lead to the decrease of NOx value up to 43%. Furthermore, the smokeless emissions around 0% per kWh were occurred by hydrogen addition at 2000 and 2500 rpm of engine speeds with load operation under 20 Nm.
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Sudarmanta, Bambang, Sampurno, Bambang Arip Dwiyantoro, Satriyo Endra Gemilang, and Ary Bachtiar Krisna Putra. "Performance Characterization of Waste to Electric Prototype Uses a Dual Fuel Diesel Engine and a Multi-Stage Downdraft Gasification Reactor." Materials Science Forum 964 (July 2019): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.964.80.
Full textAbstract:
In this research, the characterization of waste to electric prototype performance using dual fuel diesel engine and multi stage downdraft gasification reactor was conducted. Syn-gas was produced by gasification process using downdraft gasification reactor with municipal solid waste feeding. The gasification system consists of feeding system, gasification reactor, gas refinery unit, dual fuel engine generator set and system control. Before entering the gasification reactor, municipal solid waste undergoes pre-treatment process, which consists of crusher, mixing and compacting into pellets of solid waste municipal. Municipal solid waste downdraft gasifier reactor converted pellets municipal solid waste throught drying, pyrolisis, partial oxidation and reduction processes to raw syn-gas. Using syn gas refinery unit, content dust and particles on raw syn gas was cleaned by water in current mode in water scrubber, where its also acts like a cooler unit. Syn gas is further used as fuel in dual fuel diesel engines with an input mechanism using a ventury mixer. The ventury mixer mechanism was used to manage the ratio of syn gas and combustion air. Yanmar diesel engine was modified with dual fuel that used air gas integration model and coupled with generator to resulted electrical power output. Downdraft gasification reactor resulted syn gas with efficiency to 66 % with gas composition CO, CH4 and H2 are 18.01%, 1.12% and 12.55% (vol%) and heating value of 4 MJ/Kg. Multistage mechanism can reduce the tar content until only 60 mg/Nm3. Engine performance on dual fuel mode operation with specific fuel consumption 0,17 kg/kwh of diesel fuel and 8 kg/kwh of msw pellets at 80% engine load. Overall, in this dual fuel system, syn gas from gasification process is able to substitute diesel consumption up to 44%.