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Journal articles on the topic 'Dual-layer films'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Huang, Chia Cheng, Fang Hsing Wang, Cheng Fu Yang, Hong Hsin Huang, Cheng Yi Chen, and Ping Chih Huang. "Influence of Annealing Temperatures on the Properties of Dual-Layer W-TiO₂ Thin Films." Key Engineering Materials 434-435 (March 2010): 506–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.434-435.506.

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W-TiO2 (W, tungsten) dual-layer thin films are deposited by RF magnetron sputtering onto glass substrates and annealed at 150oC~400oC for 4hrs. The crystal structure, morphology, and trans- mittance of annealed W-TiO2 dual-layer thin films are investigated by X-ray diffraction, FESEM, and UV-Vis spectrometer, respectively. The annealing temperatures have large effect on the properties of W-TiO2 dual-layer thin films. The band gap energy values of W-TiO2 dual-layer thin films are evaluated from (h)1/2 versus energy plots. The energy gap for un-annealed W-TiO2 dual-layer thin film is 3.16 eV.

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2

Alshwawreh, N., M. Militzer, D. Bizzotto, and J. C. Kuo. "Accelerated Recrystallization in Electrodeposited Dual-Layer Copper Thin Films." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 160, no. 12 (2013): D3154—D3157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.029312jes.

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3

Xu, Xiaozhi, Lumei Wang, Jiajie Wang, et al. "Hydroxide-ion-conductive gas barrier films based on layered double hydroxide/polysulfone multilayers." Chemical Communications 54, no. 56 (2018): 7778–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc02900h.

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Hybrid films were fabricated via the layer-by-layer assembly of layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoplates and quaternary ammonium grafted polysulfone (QAPSF), and showed dual functionality with both gas barrier and hydroxide ion conductivity properties.

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4

Moberly, Warren J., Daniel Schwarcz, and Milton Ohring. "“dual phase” thin films prepared by deposition of aluminum on liquid nucleant gallium layers." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (1992): 1432–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100131796.

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Aluminum thin films have been universally employed as interconnections in integrated circuits for the last quarter of a century. However, during this time Al metallization has never been totally immune from assorted reliability problems. This present research involves preparation and characterization of “dual phase” thin films, comprised of Al (or a transition metal) vacuum evaporated onto a liquid Ga (or other low melting temperature metal) nucleant layer. Ga is well known for causing grain boundary embrittlement in structural Al alloys. However, the Ga may well enhance the mechanical propert

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5

Liu, Li, Bin Geng, Sayed Mir Sayed, et al. "Single-layer dual-phase nematic elastomer films with bending, accordion-folding, curling and buckling motions." Chemical Communications 53, no. 11 (2017): 1844–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc08976c.

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6

Zhi-Xin, Huang, Gao Jian-Ming, Ding Xiao-Xia, Zhang Ping, Wang Xiang, and Li Zuo-Yi. "Magnetic Properties of Exchange-Coupled Dual-Layer SmTbCo Thin Films." Chinese Physics Letters 24, no. 1 (2007): 226–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/24/1/061.

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7

Oti, J. O. "A micromagnetic model of dual-layer magnetic-recording thin films." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 29, no. 2 (1993): 1265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.250631.

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8

Oti, John O., Stephen E. Russek, and Steven C. Sanders. "Magnetic and magnetoresistive properties of inhomogeneous magnetic dual‐layer films." Journal of Applied Physics 75, no. 10 (1994): 6519–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356934.

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9

Li, Yutao, Honglai Zhang, Pukun Liu, and Mingchen Zhang. "A new dispenser cathode with dual-layer." Applied Surface Science 251, no. 1-4 (2005): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2005.03.161.

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10

Zhang, Lingli, Zenghui Peng, Lishuang Yao, Fengzhen Lv, and Li Xuan. "Photoinduced liquid crystal alignment by layer‐by‐layer ultrathin films with dual photoreaction moieties." Liquid Crystals 35, no. 2 (2008): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678290701830618.

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11

Tokuda, Yu, Toshihide Miyagishima, Koji Tomida, et al. "Dual pH-sensitive layer-by-layer films containing amphoteric poly(diallylamine-co-maleic acid)." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 399 (June 2013): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2013.02.039.

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12

Liu, Haoran, Wenlai Jiang, Zili Yang, Xiren Chen, Deng-Guang Yu, and Jun Shao. "Hybrid Films Prepared from a Combination of Electrospinning and Casting for Offering a Dual-Phase Drug Release." Polymers 14, no. 11 (2022): 2132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14112132.

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One of the most important trends in developments in electrospinning is to combine itself with traditional materials production and transformation methods to take advantage of the unique properties of nanofibers. In this research, the single-fluid blending electrospinning process was combined with the casting film method to fabricate a medicated double-layer hybrid to provide a dual-phase drug controlled release profile, with ibuprofen (IBU) as a common model of a poorly water-soluble drug and ethyl cellulose (EC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K60 as the polymeric excipients. Electrospun medic

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13

Ji, Qingmin, Suk Bon Yoon, Jonathan P. Hill, Ajayan Vinu, Jong-Sung Yu, and Katsuhiko Ariga. "Layer-by-Layer Films of Dual-Pore Carbon Capsules with Designable Selectivity of Gas Adsorption." Journal of the American Chemical Society 131, no. 12 (2009): 4220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja9010354.

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14

Oti, John O., and Stephen E. Russek. "Experimental verification of a micromagnetic model of dual‐layer magnetic films." Journal of Applied Physics 73, no. 10 (1993): 5845–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353546.

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15

Jung, Gun Y., Christopher Pearson, Mary Kilitziraki, et al. "Dual-layer light emitting devices based on polymeric Langmuir–Blodgett films." Journal of Materials Chemistry 10, no. 1 (2000): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a903484f.

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16

Meng, Fanqi, Kuan Liu, Shuixing Dai, et al. "A perylene diimide based polymer: a dual function interfacial material for efficient perovskite solar cells." Materials Chemistry Frontiers 1, no. 6 (2017): 1079–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6qm00309e.

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An n-type semiconducting copolymer of perylene diimide and dithienothiophene (PPDIDTT) is used as a dual function interfacial layer to modify the surface of perovskite films in inverted perovskite solar cells, which exhibit higher efficiency and better stability.

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17

YANO, Jun, and Yoko HIGUCHI. "Electrochromic properties of the polymer films derived from aniline derivatives and their dual-layer films." KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 47, no. 10 (1990): 817–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/koron.47.817.

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18

Wu, Ai-Qian, Wen-Qing Wang, Hong-Bin Zhan, et al. "Layer-by-layer assembled dual-ligand conductive MOF nano-films with modulated chemiresistive sensitivity and selectivity." Nano Research 14, no. 2 (2020): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-2823-8.

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19

Flynn, S. P., R. Monaghan, J. Bogan, et al. "Controlling wettability of PECVD-deposited dual organosilicon/carboxylic acid films to influence DNA hybridisation assay efficiency." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 5, no. 42 (2017): 8378–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tb01925d.

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20

Power, J. F., S. W. Fu, and O. V. Nepotchatykh. "Depth Profiling of the Optical Absorption Coefficient in Ultraviolet-Degraded Poly(Vinylchloride) Films by Dual Beam Light Profile Microscopy." Applied Spectroscopy 59, no. 4 (2005): 511–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702053641342.

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Dual beam laser light profile microscopy (LPM) was applied in this work to the depth mapping of the optical absorption coefficient in photo-degraded poly(vinyl chloride) films. Depth profiles followed the absorption coefficient of a conjugated polyene photoproduct at visible wavelengths in photolyzed films of approximately 200 μm thickness. Both continuous and layered (separable laminate) films were studied. The absorption coefficient profiles reconstructed from photo-degraded thin films showed the classic concentration profiles seen in the literature for PVC degraded in the presence of oxygen

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21

Osypova, A., D. Magnin, P. Sibret, et al. "Dual stimuli-responsive coating designed through layer-by-layer assembly of PAA-b-PNIPAM block copolymers for the control of protein adsorption." Soft Matter 11, no. 41 (2015): 8154–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5sm01545f.

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22

Zhang, Kui, Xianfeng Du, Michael B. Katz, et al. "Creating high quality Ca:TiO2-B (CaTi5O11) and TiO2-B epitaxial thin films by pulsed laser deposition." Chemical Communications 51, no. 41 (2015): 8584–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc01878a.

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23

Kim, Yejin, Seo Hyun Kim, Henok Getachew Girma, Seungju Jeon, Bogyu Lim, and Seo-Hyun Jung. "Dual Responsive Dependent Background Color Based on Thermochromic 1D Photonic Crystal Multilayer Films." Polymers 14, no. 23 (2022): 5330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14235330.

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In this paper, we present dual responsive one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal (PC) multilayer films that utilize a high-humidity environment and temperature. Dual responsive 1D PC multilayer films are fabricated on precoated thermochromic film by sequential alternate layer deposition of photo-crosslinkable poly(2-vinylnaphthalene-co-benzophenone acrylate) (P(2VN-co-BPA)) as a high refractive index polymer, and poly(4-vinylpyrollidone-co-benzophenone acrylate) P(4VP-co-BPA) as a low refractive index polymer. The thermochromic film shows a vivid color transition from black to white at 28 °C. T

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24

Macário, Paulo Fabrício, Carolina Hahn da Silveira, Angela Aparecida Moraes Vieira, et al. "Enhancing UV Radiation Resilience of DLC-Coated Stainless Steel with TiO2: A Dual-Layer Approach." Coatings 14, no. 6 (2024): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14060777.

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This study presents an innovative dual-layer coating approach integrating titanium dioxide (TiO2) onto diamond-like carbon (DLC)-coated 316L stainless steel. The combination of PECVD-deposited DLC and ALD-deposited TiO2 aims to preserve the inherent tribological properties of DLC while mitigating UV-induced degradation. By leveraging the ability of TiO2 to absorb, reflect, and scatter UV light, this dual-layer strategy significantly enhances the durability of DLC coatings in radiation-prone environments. The effects of accelerated aging through UV exposure on DLC and DLC/TiO2 films were evalua

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25

Wong, John E., Claus B. Müller, Ana M. Díez-Pascual, and Walter Richtering. "Study of Layer-by-Layer Films on Thermoresponsive Nanogels Using Temperature-Controlled Dual-Focus Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 113, no. 49 (2009): 15907–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp903941c.

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26

Lee, Woo-Jae, Ohhun Kwon, Renjing Huang, Chao Lin, Raymond J. Gorte, and John M. Vohs. "Flexible atomic layer deposition system for coating porous materials." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 40, no. 3 (2022): 032401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/6.0001679.

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Herein, we describe an atomic layer deposition (ALD) system that is optimized for the growth of thin films on high-surface-area, porous materials. The system incorporates a moveable dual-zone furnace allowing for rapid transfer of a powder substrate between heating zones whose temperatures are optimized for precursor adsorption and oxidative removal of the precursor ligands. The reactor can both be evacuated, eliminating the need for a carrier gas during precursor exposure, and rotated, to enhance contact between a powder support and the gas phase, both of which help us to minimize mass transf

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27

Li, Huijin, Dedong Han, Junchen Dong, et al. "Enhanced electrical properties of dual-layer channel ZnO thin film transistors prepared by atomic layer deposition." Applied Surface Science 439 (May 2018): 632–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.12.234.

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28

Söderberg, Hans, Magnus Odén, Axel Flink, et al. "Growth and characterization of TiN/SiN(001) superlattice films." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 11 (2007): 3255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0412.

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We report the layer structure and composition in recently discovered TiN/SiN(001) superlattices deposited by dual-reactive magnetron sputtering on MgO(001) substrates. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy combined with Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy, x-ray reflection, diffraction, and reciprocal-space mapping shows the formation of high-quality superlattices with coherently strained cubic TiN and SiN layers for SiN thickness below 7–10 Å. For increasing SiN layer thicknesses, a transformation from epitaxial to amorphous SiNx (x ⩾ 1) occurs during growth. Elast

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29

Du, Xueyan, Yuan Wang, Yongyan Mu, Linlin Gui, Ping Wang, and Youqi Tang. "A New Highly Selective H2Sensor Based on TiO2/PtO−Pt Dual-Layer Films." Chemistry of Materials 14, no. 9 (2002): 3953–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm0201293.

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30

Zhang Xiao-Chun, Wang Li-Kun, Shang Wen-Li, et al. "Research on the fabrication of high-performance inverted perovskite solar cells based on dual modification strategy." Acta Physica Sinica 73, no. 24 (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.73.20241238.

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Inverted (p-i-n) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are receiving increasing attention due to their high conversion efficiency and good stability. The main factor restricting the efficiency improvement of inverted perovskite cells is the interface defects between the perovskite layer and the charge transport layers. Therefore, the dual modification strategy of 1,3-diaminopropane dihydroiodide (PDADI) passivates the interface defects between perovskite films and charge transport layers, improves the quality of perovskite film formation, suppresses non radiative recombination between perovskite films

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31

Kuo, Chin-Chiuan, Chi-Chang Liu, Shao-Chih He, Jing-Tang Chang, and Ju-Liang He. "The Influences of Thickness on the Optical and Electrical Properties of Dual-Ion-Beam Sputtering-Deposited Molybdenum-Doped Zinc Oxide Layer." Journal of Nanomaterials 2011 (2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/140697.

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The thickness of transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer significantly affects not only the optical and electrical properties, but also its mechanical durability. To evaluate these influences on the molybdenum-doped zinc oxide layer deposited on a flexible polyethersulfone (PES) substrate by using a dual-ion-beam sputtering system, films with various thicknesses were prepared at a same condition and their optical and electrical performances have been compared. The results show that all the deposited films present a crystalline wurtzite structure, but the preferred orientation changes from (00

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32

Begum, M. Yasmin, and Ali Alqahtani. "Characterization of bilayered matrix-type mucoadhesive buccal films containing tizanidine hydrochloride and piroxicam." Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 20, no. 11 (2021): 2241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v20i11.1.

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Purpose: To formulate and characterize tizanidine hydrochloride (TZN) and piroxicam (PRX)-loaded bilayer mucoadhesive buccal films with an intention to improve the bioavailability and patient compliance in pain management.Methods: Bilayer buccal films were prepared by solvent evaporation technique using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) 15cps and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30 as immediate release (IR) layer forming polymers and HPMC K15 M, PVP K 90 along with various muco adhesive polymers (Carbopol P934, sodium alginate, etc), as sustained release (SR) layer forming polymers. The prepared

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33

Lin, Shih-Chin, Ching-Chiun Wang, Chuen-Lin Tien, Fu-Ching Tung, Hsuan-Fu Wang, and Shih-Hsiang Lai. "Fabrication of Aluminum Oxide Thin-Film Devices Based on Atomic Layer Deposition and Pulsed Discrete Feed Method." Micromachines 14, no. 2 (2023): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14020279.

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This study demonstrates the low-temperature (<100 °C) process for growing a thin silica buffer layer and aluminum oxide by atomic layer deposition (ALD) in the same reaction chamber. Heterogeneous multilayer thin films are prepared by a dual-mode equipment based on atomic layer deposition and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) techniques. The pulse discrete feeding method (DFM) was used to divide the precursor purging steps into smaller intervals and generate discrete feeds, which improved the saturated distribution of gas precursors, film density and deposition selectivity.

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34

Tien, Chuen-Lin, Kuan-Po Chen, and Hong-Yi Lin. "Internal Stress Prediction and Measurement of Mid-Infrared Multilayer Thin Films." Materials 14, no. 5 (2021): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14051101.

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We present an experimental method for evaluating interfacial force per width and predicting internal stress in mid-infrared band-pass filters (MIR-BPF). The interfacial force per width between the two kinds of thin-film materials was obtained by experimental measurement values, and the residual stress of the multilayer thin films was predicted by the modified Ennos formula. A dual electron beam evaporation system combined with ion-assisted deposition was used to fabricate mid-infrared band-pass filters. The interfacial forces per width for Ge/SiO2 and SiO2/Ge were 124.9 N/m and 127.6 N/m, resp

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35

Nasiri, Mohammad Ali, Seong Yuen Tong, Chungyeon Cho, Clara M. Gómez, Andres Cantarero, and Mario Culebras. "Synthesis of PEDOT/CNTs Thermoelectric Thin Films with a High Power Factor." Materials 17, no. 5 (2024): 1121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17051121.

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In this study, we have improved the power factor of conductive polymer nanocomposites by combining layer-by-layer assembly with electrochemical deposition to produce flexible thermoelectric materials based on PEDOT/carbon nanotubes (CNTs)—films. To produce films based on CNTs and PEDOT, a dual approach has been employed: (i) the layer-by-layer method has been utilized for constructing the CNTs layer and (ii) electrochemical polymerization has been used in the synthesis of the conducting polymer. Moreover, the thermoelectric properties were optimized by controlling the experimental conditions i

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36

Wong, Hei, and Hiroshi Iwai. "Modeling and characterization of direct-tunneling current in dual-layer ultrathin-gate dielectric films." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 24, no. 4 (2006): 1785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.2213268.

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37

Gao, Rui, Dongpeng Yan, David G. Evans, and Xue Duan. "Layer-by-layer assembly of long-afterglow self-supporting thin films with dual-stimuli-responsive phosphorescence and antiforgery applications." Nano Research 10, no. 10 (2017): 3606–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12274-017-1571-x.

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38

Polosan, Silviu, Iulia Corina Ciobotaru, and Claudiu Constantin Ciobotaru. "Organometallic Coatings for Electroluminescence Applications." Coatings 10, no. 3 (2020): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10030277.

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Organometallic compounds embedded in thin films are widely used for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLED), but their functionalities are strongly correlated with the intrinsic properties of those films. Controlling the concentration of the organometallics in the active layers influences the OLED performances through the aggregation processes. These aggregations could lead to crystallization processes that significantly modify the efficiency of light emission in the case of electroluminescent devices. For functional devices with organometallic-based thin films, some improvements, such as the opt

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39

Muñoz-Mármol, Rafael, Víctor Bonal, Giuseppe M. Paternò, et al. "Dual Amplified Spontaneous Emission and Lasing from Nanographene Films." Nanomaterials 10, no. 8 (2020): 1525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10081525.

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Chemically synthesized zigzag-edged nanographenes (NG) have recently demonstrated great success as the active laser units in solution-processed organic distributed feedback (DFB) lasers. Here, we report the first observation of dual amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) from a large-size NG derivative (with 12 benzenoid rings) dispersed in a polystyrene film. ASE is observed simultaneously at the 685 and 739 nm wavelengths, which correspond to different transitions of the photoluminescence spectrum. Ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy has been used to ascertain the underlying photophysical proces

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40

Cocean, Georgiana, Alexandru Cocean, Silvia Garofalide, et al. "Dual-Pulsed Laser Ablation of Oyster Shell Producing Novel Thin Layers Deposed to Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Polymers 15, no. 19 (2023): 3953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15193953.

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Dual-pulsed (DPL) laser deposition using oyster shells as targets was studied in order to find out if this method can replace the use of high-power pulsed lasers. Aspects related to changes in the morphological structure of the thin layer but also to the chemical composition of the obtained thin layer were analyzed and compared with the target as well as with the thin layers obtained with a higher power pulsed laser in a single-pulsed (SPL) regime. Orthorhombic structures were noticed with Scanning Electron Microscopy for the thin film obtained in DPL mode compared to the irregular particles o

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41

Chen, Lei, Ying Ruan, Si Si Luo, Fu Ju Ye, and Hao Yang Cui. "Optically Transparent Metasurface Absorber Based on Reconfigurable and Flexible Indium Tin Oxide Film." Micromachines 11, no. 12 (2020): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11121032.

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In this paper, we present a flexible, breathable and optically transparent metasurface with ultra-wideband absorption. The designed double layer of indium tin oxide (ITO) films with specific carved structure realizes absorption and electromagnetic (EM) isolation in dual-polarization, as well as good air permeability. Under the illumination of x- and y-polarization incidence, the metasurface has low reflectivity and transmission from about 2 to 18 GHz. By employing ITO film based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET), the presented metasurface also processes the excellent flexibility and opticall

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42

Xu, Liang, Jian Zeng, Xin Luo, et al. "Dual-Band Plasmonic Perfect Absorber Based on the Hybrid Halide Perovskite in the Communication Regime." Coatings 11, no. 1 (2021): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11010067.

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Due to the weak absorption of (CH3NH3)PbI3 in the communication regime, which restricts its optoelectronic applications, we design a adjustable dual-band perfect absorber based on the (CH3NH3)PbI3 to significantly enhance its absorption capability. Since the localized plasmon (LP) mode and surface plasmon (SP) mode are excited in the structure, which can both greatly enhance light absorption of the (CH3NH3)PbI3 layer, dual-band perfect absorption peaks are formed in the communication regime, and the absorption of (CH3NH3)PbI3 layer is increased to 43.1% and 64.2% at the dual-band absorption pe

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43

Gundogdu, Dilara, Vural Bütün, and Irem Erel-Göktepe. "Preparation of Layer-by-Layer Films with Remarkably Different pH-Stability and Release Properties Using Dual Responsive Block Copolymer Micelles." Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 219, no. 15 (2018): 1800128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.201800128.

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44

Li, W. L., T. D. Zhang, Y. F. Hou, et al. "Giant piezoelectric properties of BZT–0.5BCT thin films induced by nanodomain structure." RSC Adv. 4, no. 100 (2014): 56933–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra08280j.

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Ba(Zr<sub>0.2</sub>Ti<sub>0.8</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>–0.5(Ba<sub>0.7</sub>Ca<sub>0.3</sub>)TiO<sub>3</sub> (BZT–0.5BCT) thin films were prepared from two ceramics targets, Ba(Zr<sub>0.2</sub>Ti<sub>0.8</sub>)O<sub>3</sub> and (Ba<sub>0.7</sub>Ca<sub>0.3</sub>)TiO<sub>3</sub>, using dual-magnetron sputtering, and a LaNiO<sub>3</sub> (LNO) seed layer was introduced between the film and Pt(111)/Ti/SiO<sub>2</sub>/Si substrates via a sol–gel technique.

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45

Wang, Han, Yanjing Liao, Guida Zhu, et al. "Development of Double-Film Composite Food Packaging with UV Protection and Microbial Protection for Cherry Preservation." Foods 14, no. 13 (2025): 2283. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14132283.

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This study develops a novel dual-layer chitosan (CS)/pectin film incorporating grape skin anthocyanin extract (GSAE) and lignin to address critical limitations in cherry preservation. Unlike traditional methods that leave harmful residues, this bilayer design separately integrates functional components: GSAE for targeted antioxidant/antibacterial action and lignin for ultraviolet (UV) blocking. This targeted incorporation enables synergistic performance unattainable with single-layer or conventional approaches. The films, fabricated with lignin concentrations from 1% to 15% (w/v), demonstrated

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46

Wong, John E., Akhilesh K. Gaharwar, Detlef Müller-Schulte, Dhirendra Bahadur, and Walter Richtering. "Dual-stimuli responsive PNiPAM microgel achieved via layer-by-layer assembly: Magnetic and thermoresponsive." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 324, no. 1-2 (2008): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2008.05.024.

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Min, D., N. Hoivik, G. U. Jensen, F. Tyholdt, and U. Hanke. "The microwave dielectric properties of dual-layer PZT/ZrO2thin films deposited by chemical solution deposition." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 44, no. 25 (2011): 255404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/44/25/255404.

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Lucovsky, Gerald. "Silicon oxide/silicon nitride dual-layer films: a stacked gate dielectric for the 21st century." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 254, no. 1-3 (1999): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(99)00432-9.

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Kuo, Cheng-Hsien, Sigit Tri Wicaksono, Shao-Tsen Wang, and Tao-Hsing Chen. "Effects of Annealing on Properties of ITO:MgO/Ag Dual-layer Films for Sensor Material Applications." Sensors and Materials 37, no. 5 (2025): 1871. https://doi.org/10.18494/sam5512.

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Charrada, Ghofrane, Bechir Yahmadi, Badriyah Alhalaili, et al. "Synthesis of Sm-Doped CuO–SnO2:FSprayed Thin Film: An Eco-Friendly Dual-Function Solution for the Buffer Layer and an Effective Photocatalyst for Ampicillin Degradation." Technologies 13, no. 5 (2025): 197. https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies13050197.

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Abstract:

Synthesis and characterization of undoped and samarium-doped CuO–SnO2:F thin films using the spray pyrolysis technique are presented. The effect of the samarium doping level on the physical properties of these films was thoroughly analyzed. X-ray diffraction patterns proved the successful synthesis of pure CuO–SnO2:F thin films, free from detectable impurities. The smallest crystallite size was observed in 6% Sm-doped CuO–SnO2:F thin films. The 6% Sm-doped CuO–SnO2films demonstrated an increasedsurface area of 40.6 m2/g, highlighting improved textural properties, which was further validated by

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