To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Duck production.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Duck production'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 32 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Duck production.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Robb, Joseph Russell. "The importance of nesting cavities and brood habitat to wood duck production." Connect to resource, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1260641579.
Full text
2
Urbonavičius, Benediktas. "Antininkystės plėtra Lietuvoje: galimybių ir rizikos vertinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050419_155145-47318.
Full textAbstract:
Problem. On the present time both Lithuania and EU market dominate pigs and cattle breeding. Consumer researches shows, that growing demand on high digestibility and nutrient, quick prepare animal products. On this way duck meat is very valuable product. Problem is that now dominate small farms, where traditionally growing few local, not very productive ducks. Like there is no real local market, so there is no well develop duck breeding.
The subject of research. After good analyses of duck breeding and risk factors, to take measures of duck business development in Lithuania.
Tasks: To estimate different duck species peculiarity and analyse duck meat quality depend to market demand;
To estimate duck breeding technology and use in Lithuania farms;
To estimate risk and possibility of duck business in Lithuania.
Results. Consumer researches shows, that people prefer not fat, fragile, muscular duck meat. These features satisfy meat duck mularde females. From a technological viewpoint duck is insensitive to temperature, moisture, feed changes, so it’s possible to grow them both intensive and extensive farms.
Technological, zoohigienic and economic duck growing research showed that the most promising duck breeding is like part business – on the summer time use empty animal husbandry buildings. At best is to grow heterozic hybrids. These precondition enable in Lithuania to create small duck farms, which sells fresh meat straight from the farm and secure flexible sells and... [to full text]
3
Warren, Jeffrey Michael. "Effects of cattle grazing on upland nesting duck production in the Aspen Parkland." Thesis, Montana State University, 2004. http://www.montana.edu/etd/available/warren%5F0805.html.
Full text
4
Men, Bui Xuan. "Feeding and management systems for smallholder duck production in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2001. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=009768689&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full text
5
Nguyen, Thi Kim Dong. "Evaluation of agro-Industrial by-products as protein sources for duck production in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam /." SLU, Uppsala : Dept. of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2005. http://epsilon.slu.se/200581.pdf.
Full text
6
West, Benjamin C. "The Influence of Predator Exclosures and Livestock Grazing on Duck Production at Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 2002. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4431.
Full textAbstract:
Nest predation is a major factor impacting duck production and recruitment on breeding areas in North America. I surveyed waterfowl managers employed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. state wildlife agencies to determine their beliefs about nest predation and its management. Over 64% of respondents believed that rates of nest success on their management units averaged <30% between 1996-2000. Managers believed habitat management and direct predator control were the most effective techniques to reduce nest predation. The construction of predator exclosures around nesting habitat also has been recommended to reduce nest predation. Between 1999-2001, I evaluated the effectiveness of 4 predator exclosures to enhance duck nest success at Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, Utah. During this period, rates of nest success in the exclosures were slightly higher than that within control plots, but still <15%. Although published guidelines commonly recommended predator fences ≤ 117 cm in height, I observed red foxes jump the 114-cm-high fences. Additional research is needed to identify effective predator fence designs.
Wildlife managers have argued that periodic disturbance of vegetation should be a component of management on waterfowl breeding areas. Although many techniques are available to manipulate vegetation, grazing by domestic livestock has been controversial. Some researchers have reported that livestock grazing is detrimental to nesting ducks whereas others have argued that it can be beneficial. I evaluated the impact of a short-duration, high-intensity winter livestock grazing program on duck nesting at Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge. Following a winter grazing treatment, I measured visual obstruction on both grazed and ungrazed plots during the spring nesting season. Although visual obstruction readings on grazed plots were lower than those on rested sites early in the nesting season, those differences diminished as the season progressed. Winter grazing may impact early-nesting ducks like mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), but not late-nesting species like cinnamon teal (Anas cyanoptera) and gadwall (Anas strepera). In designing grazing programs to manage nesting cover, managers should consider their waterfowl production goals, the composition of breeding duck populations, type of grazing system, and climatic conditions.
7
Normand, Luc. "Recycling of agro-industrial food wastes into feed for Pekin duck meat production towards a sustainable agriculture in the Province of Quebec." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0004/MQ29759.pdf.
Full text
8
Júnior, Jorge Paulo Cabral. "Recursos energéticos distribuídos numa rede elétrica: um estudo de caso." Master's thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. Escola Superior de Tecnologia de Setúbal, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/31356.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação do Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrotécnica e de Computadores - Ramo de Energias Renováveis e Sistemas de PotênciaA redução das emissões de CO2 na atmosfera, requer apostas em soluções sustentáveis, sendo uma delas a integração de energias renováveis variáveis (ERV) na rede. A transição para sistemas em que existe forte penetração de ERV, exige o aumento de flexibilidade do sistema elétrico. Um dos requisitos para garantir essa flexibilidade, é o armazenamento de energia. O armazenamento de energia permite mitigar vários problemas na rede, entre eles, a duck curve. Foi realizado o estudo sobre o impacto do armazenamento no diagrama de carga da subestação São João, em Coimbra, na presença de geração fotovoltaica e eólica. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que o armazenamento de energia, é um requisito necessário para que o sistema elétrico tenha flexibilidade, após a penetração da geração fotovoltaica distribuída. O armazenamento através da geração eólica na rede, pode auxiliar na redução da rampa do consumo durante o final do dia. Com este método, foi possível diminuir o efeito duck curve, através do peak shaving. A maioria da energia eólica armazenada foi durante o dia, em que existe consumo reduzido na rede, devido à massiva geração fotovoltaica. Quanto maior for a geração eólica, nos períodos de baixo consumo, maior é a necessidade do armazenamento.
The reduction of carbon pollutions requires betting on sustainable solutions, one of them is the integration of variable renewable energies (VRE) in the grid. The transition to systems where there is a higher penetration of VRE, requires increased power system flexibility. One of the requirements to ensure this flexibility is energy storage. Energy storage enables mitigate several problems on the grid, including the duck curve. The study of the impact of storage on the load diagram of the São João substation, in Coimbra, in the presence of photovoltaic and wind production was carried out. The results obtained allowed to conclude that the storage of energy, is a necessary requirement for the electrical system to have flexibility, after integration of distributed photovoltaic production. Wind production and storage system can help reduce the ramp consumption during the end of the day, where there is no photovoltaic production. It was possible to decrease the effect caused by duck curve, through peak shaving. Most of the wind energy stored was during the day, when the consumption in the grid is low, due massive photovoltaic production. Increased wind production requires increased storage capacity.
9
Lavallée, Sophie. "Application of ultrasound technology for selection and production of lean Pekin ducks." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0002/MQ44202.pdf.
Full text
10
Dragan, Galić. "Organizaciono-ekonomska obeležja zasnivanja i proizvodnje jagode (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.)." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2015. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=87837&source=NDLTD&language=en.
Full textAbstract:
Baštenska jagoda (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.), poznata po svom delikatnom mirisu, ukusu i bogastvu u vitaminima i mineralima, gaji se u svim regionima sveta. Jagode, kao voće sa visokom proizvodnom i upotrebnom vrednošću, zahtevaju visoka ulaganja rada i metrijala po jedinici površine. Imajući ovo u vidu, jagoda zahteva posebnu pažnju u svim etapama proizvodnje (gajenja) tj. od zasnivanja jagodnjaka do berbe i prodaje. Cilj ovog istraživanja je, utvrđivanje investicione vrednosti zasnivanja i ostvarenih ekonomskih efekata koji se postižu u proizvodnji jagode karatkog i neutralnog dana u uslovima jugo-zapadnog Ontarija u Kanadi. Najveća proizvodnja u svetu se ostvaruje u severnoj hemisferi (90,5%). Vodeće zemlje po proizvodnji jagode su: SAD, Španija, Japan i Republika Koreja. Ove četiri zemlje čine 47,2% od ukupne svetske proizvodnje. Najveće povećanje kapaciteta jagode postignuto je u južnoj hemisferi. Za prikupljanje podataka o tehnologiji gajenja i investicionoj vrednosti ulaganja u proizvodnji jagode, korišćena je metoda anketiranja. U anketi je učestvovalo 19. proizvođača jagoda kratkog i 9. neutralnog dana u toku 2011. i 2012. godine. Upitnikom su prikupljeni podaci o tehnologije gajenja jagode po radnim operacijama, upotrebi materijala, mašina i radne snageTakođe, evidentirane su i strane usluge, ostvareni prosečni prinosi, prodajni kanali i procenat učešća u ukupnoj prodaji i postignuta prosečna cena.Na osnovu prikupljenih podataka izračunati su troškovi zasnivanja jagodnjaka, redovne nege i brbe u prvoj i drugoj godini i ostvareni profit za obe grupe jagode. Jagode kratkog dana se isključivo gaje u redovima na otvorenom, a jagode neutralnog dana na bankovima obloženim belom polietilenskom folijom i instaliranim kap-po-kap sistemom za navodnjavanje. Najveći procenat (70%) jagode kratkog dana se prodaje direktno kupcima na gazdinstvu ili lokalnim pijacama, a 55% jagode neutralnog dana se prodaje kanalima veleprodaje. U proseku, proizvođači jagode kratkog dana su postigli profit $CAD 22.300/ha (29,10% od ukupnog prihoda), a proizvođači jagode neutralnog dana $CAD 37.962/ha (29,50% od ukupnog prihoda). Znači, proizvodnja obe grupe jagoda je veoma profitabilna, i postoji realna osnova za dalje povećanje profita.The cultivated strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.), known for its delicate fragrance, flavour, and rich vitamin and mineral content, can be grown in most arable regions of the globe. Strawberry production, like many high-value crops, is resource and labour-intensive. Therefore, attention to detail is required at all stages of strawberry production, from establishment to harvest and marketing. The objective of this study was to determn the cost of strawberry establishment and achived economic effects of short-day and day-neutral strawberry production in south-western Ontario, Canada. The most of the production is located in the northern hemisphere (90.5%). The leading strawberry producing nations are USA, Spain, Japan and Republic of Korea. These four countries counted for 47.2% of all world’s strawberry production. The largest increase in strawberry production capacity was recorded in the southern hemisphere. For data collection on procedure for growing a crop of strawberries and investment in strawberry production a survey technique was used. In survey participated 19 short-day and 9 day-neutral strawberry growers and was conducted in 2011 and 2012. The survey recorded strawberry production procedures, materials, equipment and labour use. Also, growers reported externalMr Dragan M. Galić - Doktorska disertacijaviiservices used, achieved yields, marketing channels of sale, percent of each channel and achieved average sale prices. Based on collected information the cost of establishment, regular care, harvest in first and second year and total income were calculated for both groups of strawberries. Short-day strawberries are grown on matted-rows, while day-neutral on raised beds on white plastic with trickle irrigation installed. Most (70%) of the short-day crop was sold via direct sale (“U-pick”, ready-picked and farmers’ market), while 55% of day-neutral strawberries were sold in wholesale. On average, growers of short-day strawberries generated a profit of 22,300 $CAD/ha (29.10% of total income), and growers of day-neutral strawberries 37,962 $CAD/ha (29.50% of total income). Based on this study, both groups of strawberries in Ontario are highly profitable and with great potential for frofit increase.
11
Verdial, Marcelo Fontanetti. "Frigoconservação e vernalização de mudas de morangueiro (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) produzidas em sistema de vasos suspensos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-27082004-171001/.
Full textAbstract:
Com o objetivo de estudar o sistema de produção de mudas de morangueiro em vasos suspensos e a aplicação das técnicas de frigoconservação e vernalização nas mudas produzidas nesse sistema, foram realizados quatro experimentos no Departamento de Produção Vegetal, ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba/SP, no período compreendido entre janeiro de 2000 e junho de 2003. No primeiro experimento comparou-se o sistema de produção de mudas em vasos suspensos com o sistema convencional. Foram avaliados: matéria seca, teor de carboidratos totais e percentagem de sobrevivência de mudas. Foram utilizadas as cultivares IAC-Campinas, Pelican e IAC-Guarani. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental em esquema fatorial 3x2 (três cultivares e dois sistemas de produção de mudas), com três repetições. As mudas produzidas em vasos suspensos apresentaram maior percentagem de sobrevivência e maiores teores de carboidratos totais. O segundo e terceiro experimentos tiveram como objetivo avaliar o uso da técnica de frigoconservação em mudas produzidas no sistema de vasos suspensos. As mudas foram acondicionadas em sacos de polietileno e frigoconservadas durante 120 dias em uma B.O.D. a -1 + 1oC. Foram então retiradas da câmara fria e plantadas em bandejas de poliestireno expandido de 128 células preenchidas com vermiculita. As bandejas foram colocadas em uma câmara nebulizadora, onde permaneceram por 21 dias para enraizamento. Em seguida foram transplantadas para vasos de 250ml e levadas para casa de vegetação. Foi avaliada a percentagem de sobrevivência das mudas. No segundo experimento utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente ao acaso com cinco cultivares (IAC-Campinas, Dover, Pelican, Sequoia e Sweet Charlie) e nove repetições. No terceiro experimento foi utilizado o esquema fatorial 5x2 (cinco cultivares: IAC-Campinas, Oso Grande, Camarosa, Dover e Sweet Charlie; e dois tratamentos de enraizamento: com e sem ácido indol butírico) com quatro repetições. O sistema de frigoconservação adotado apresenou desempenho insatisfatório devido à baixa percentagem de sobrevivência das mudas. O quarto experimento estudou o efeito da vernalização em mudas de cinco cultivares de morangueiro produzidas no sistema de vasos suspensos. As mudas foram plantadas em vasos de 250 ml, preenchidos com substrato formulado com areia e vermiculita (4:1) e mantidas em casa de vegetação durante seis meses. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o fatorial 5x2, com cinco cultivares (IAC-Campinas, Dover, Sweet Charlie, Cartuno e Oso Grande) com e sem vernalização das mudas, com quatro repetições. Para vernalização, as mudas foram levadas para câmara fria, à temperatura de 10 + 2ºC, e fotoperíodo de 10 h de luz/dia, durante 28 dias. Em seguida, foram transplantadas para dois locais de cultivo com características climáticas distintas, Piracicaba,SP e Caldas,MG. Foram avaliadas as percentagens de sobrevivência, florescimento, frutificação e emissão de estolhos e o peso da matéria fresca e número de frutos produzidos por planta. A sobrevivência de mudas não foi afetada pela vernalização em nenhuma das localidades. Houve efeito significativo no florescimento e na frutificação das plantas vernalizadas apenas em Piracicaba. O estolonamento de plantas foi mais precoce em Piracicaba. Para todas as cultivares a produção de frutos foi e insignificante e comercialmente inviável em ambas as localidades.With the objective of studying the runners production system in suspended pots under protected cultivation and the application of techniques of stored cold and vernalization of runners produced by this system, four experiments were conducted in the Department of Crop Production, ESALQ, Piracicaba, SP-Brazil. In the first experiment it was compared the conventional strawberry runners production system with the runner production system in suspended pots. For that, it was measured the dry matter and carbohydrates contents in runners and the survival percentage when the runner were transplanted to field production areas. The cultivars IAC-Campinas, Pelican and IAC-Guarani were used, in an experimental design of factorial arrangement 3x2 (three cultivars and two runners production systems), three replications. The runners produced by the system of suspended pots accumulated higher amount of total carbohydrates and the plant survival rate. The second and third experiments had the objective of evaluating the use of a technique of storage cold in runners produced in the system of suspended pots. After the selection, the runners were conditioned in polyethylene bags and storage cold conditions for 120 days in a B.O.D. at -1+1ºC. After that they were removed of the cold camera and planted in trays of expanded polystyrene of 128 cells with vermiculite. The trays were put in a spray chamber 21 days for rooting. After that hey were transplanted to pots of 250mL and then placed in the greenhouse. It was evaluated the percentage of runners survival. In the second experiment it was used the experimental entirely random design, five strawberry cultivars (IAC-Campinas, Dover, Pelican, Sequoia and Sweet Charlie), and nine repetitions. In the threat experiment the factorial outline used was 5x2 (five cultivars: IAC-Campinas, Big Oso, Camarosa, Dover and Sweet Charlie; and two treatments: with and without indol butyric acid) with four repetitions. The storage cold of strawberry runners produced in system of suspended pots lower percentage of survival of seedlings in the two experiments. Therefore, the system of storage cold was not compatible with the type of storage runners. The fourth experiment had the objective of studying the effect of the runner vernalization of five strawberry cultivars produced in suspended pot system. In order to have availability of strawberry runners during the off season, they were planted in pots of 250 mL, filled out with substrate formulated with sand and vermiculite (4:1) and kept in the greenhouse for six months. Completely randomized blocks with the factorial design 5x2, with five strawberry cultivars (IAC-Campinas, Dover, Sweet Charlie, Cartuno and Big Oso) and two treatments (with and without strawberry runners vernalization). For vernalization, the strawberry runners were taken from cold camera to the temperature of 10 + 2ºC, and fotoperiod of 10 h of light/day for 28 days. After that, they were transplanted for two cultivation places with different climatic conditions, Piracicaba/SP and Caldas/MG. They were analyzed the survival percentages, flower blooming, fructification and emission of stolons and the weight and number of fruits produced by plant. The strawberry runners survival was not affected by the vernalization in none of the places. There were only significant effect on flower appearance and fructification of the vernalized plants, only in Piracicaba. The runner emitions were earlier in Piracicaba. For all strawberry cultivars the production of fruits was very low and the produced fruits were unsuitable for commercialization in both places.
12
Erasmus, Deidre Felicia. "Investigating the potential for the application of lean manufacturing in the can coating plant at Duco Coatings." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/949.
Full textAbstract:
Companies are constantly expected to be more competitive while working in an environment in which time and cost are limited, thereby preventing such companies from taking the time required to be responsive. It is, therefore, important that companies understand that conventional knowledge and methods will not serve unless there is a concerted focus on improvement of organisational performance toward fulfilling increased expectations, not just maintaining that which is comfortable. A more sustainable approach may be the introduction of lean manufacturing techniques. The lean manufacturing process is one that continuously strives to eliminate waste, thereby increasing the percentage of time that may be devoted to value-adding activities. Lean manufacturing principles were applied in the Can Coating Plant of Duco Speciality Coatings. This study was intended to identify waste in the current production process in the Can Coating Plant and then to use lean tools and principles to eliminate such waste. Implementation of these lean tools proved to result in a leaner and more value-adding process. The new process rendered a positive result on Duco Coating’s costs, quality and product performance. Recommendations on further improvements were also offered.
13
Barbosa, Yazmid Adriana Carrillo. "Homeopatia em plantas de morango (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) e capuchinha (Tropaeolum majus L.)." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2013. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4591.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:39:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
texto completo.pdf: 754554 bytes, checksum: 7981eae274ecf7d46af725d3660fd047 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2013-02-28The homeopathic system is applied in humans, animals, plants, soils and waters. Homeopathic science is based on four fundamental principles: similarity, experimentation, single substance and minimum dose. Homeopathy acts directly on the vitality of organisms, encouraging their self-regulation. The results in plants are positive for resistance to pests and diseases, tolerance to inappropriate conditions, flowering, dormancy of seeds, production of healthy seedlings, as well as management of soil and water. The objective of this study was to evaluate seedling response and roots growth of of Fragaria x ananassa and Tropaeolum majus plants after application of high-dilutions (homeopathic preparations) in two growth systems. The first simulating hydroponic system and second in a greenhouse, conducting experiments at the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG. The treatments were high-dilutions of Nutritive Solution, Pulsatilla and Arnica montana. The variables evaluated were electrical conductivity (E.C.) of the nutritive solution, and rooting. There was limited influence of high-dilutions in the E.C., and in interaction with the evaluation time. Pulsatilla homeopathic treatment had no effect on the electrical conductivity neither on rooting. Arnica montana homeopathic treatment caused patterns of imbalance (pathogenesis) in rooting of F. ananassa and stimulated roots growth in T. majus.
O sistema homeopático é aplicado aos seres humanos, aos animais, vegetais, solos e nas águas. A ciência homeopática está baseada em quatro princípios fundamentais: semelhança, experimentação em ser sadio, substancia única e dose mínima. A homeopatia atua diretamente na força vital dos organismos, promovendo a autoregulação. Os resultados em plantas são positivos, quanto a resistência a pragas e doenças, tolerância a condições impróprias, florescimento, quebra de dormência de sementes, produção de mudas sadias. São positivos também no manejo do solo e da água. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o enraizamento e a resposta de mudas de plantas de Fragaria x ananassa e Tropaeolum majus após tratamento com ultradiluições (preparados homeopáticos), em dois sistemas de crescimento. O primeiro simulando sistema hidropônico e o segundo em casa de vegetação, em experimentos conduzidos em dependências da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG. Os tratamentos foram: ultra diluições de Solução Nutritiva, de Pulsatilla e de Arnica montana. As variáveis avaliadas foram: condutividade elétrica (C.E.) da solução nutritiva, e variáveis de enraizamento. Houve influencia limitada das ultradiluições na C.E, e em interação com o tempo de avaliação. O tratamento homeopático com Pulsatilla não mostrou efeito na condutividade elétrica nem nas variáveis de enraizamento. O tratamento homeopático de Arnica montana provocou sinais de patogenesia nas variáveis de enraizamento em F. ananassa e estimulou a produção de raízes em T. majus.
14
Cocco, Kassia Luiza Teixeira. "FENOLOGIA, POTENCIAL PRODUTIVO E FONTES DE ADUBAÇÃO NO CULTIVO DO MORANGUEIRO." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4933.
Full textAbstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThe overall objective of this study was to determine the phenology and yield potential of strawberry cultivars and to evaluate different sources of fertilizer pre-planting in the production of strawberry grown in low tunnels. In the first experiment, were evaluated the cultivars Camarosa, Camino Real and Albion in two agricultural years. Characterized the time of occurrence and duration of nine sub-periods of phenological stages of flowering and fruiting, as well as the time elapsed between transplantation and onset of flowering, fruit formation and start and end of the harvest. The second experiment evaluated the cultivar Camarosa, and treatments consisted of nutrient sources in pre-planting, these being Control Treatment, Topmix, Formulation Commercial NPK and NPK Formulated, performing collections of plant material each 40 days. In assessing the productivity, for both experiments, there was counting the number of fruits, weighing and measuring of greater width and length as well as measurement of the levels of soluble solids. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. To reach the beginning of flowering, fruiting and harvesting, considering the year 2012, the cultivar Camarosa was the more precocious. For the year 2013, the cultivar Albion showed more precocity. In general, the Albion, Camarosa and Camino Real cultivars totaled approximately 44 days, 40 days and 34 days, respectively to conclude stages of flowering and fruiting. For the number of pseudofruits and plant productivity, the cultivar Camarosa showed the highest values for both years. Whereas the levels total soluble solids, it is concluded that the cultivar Albion had the highest values of º Brix, for two years evaluated. At the end of the second experiment, we obtained approximately 615 g plant-1 for the treatment Topmix, showing the greater productivity of this to the conditions of this experiment were verified. The highest values of fresh weight of pseudofruits were observed on the second epoch assessed, being that the treatments were quite similar. The number of pseudofruits was higher in the third epoch evaluated, the levels of total soluble solids (SST) did not differ between seasons, the width of pseudofruits was higher in the second and fourth epochs and the length did not differ between seasons. The Topmix treatment presented the highest averages for number of pseudofruits, SST, width and length. The nitrogen contents were higher in the first epoch and the Control Treatment had the lowest values. The phosphorus contents were higher in the NPK treatment Formulated and in first epoch. For potassium, there was no difference between treatments and foliar contents were lower in the first epoch. Foliar nitrogen and potassium were found in the sufficiency ranges, while the values of phosphorus were below the range considered as sufficient in strawberry culture.
O objetivo geral do trabalho foi determinar a fenologia e o potencial produtivo de cultivares de morangueiro, assim como avaliar diferentes fontes de adubação na produção de morango. No primeiro experimento, foram avaliadas as cultivares Camarosa, Camino Real e Albion, em dois anos agrícolas. Caracterizou-se o tempo de ocorrência e a duração de nove subperíodos dos estádios fenológicos da floração e frutificação, bem como o tempo decorrido entre o transplante e o início da floração, início da frutificação e início e término da colheita. No segundo experimento, avaliou-se a cultivar Camarosa com diferentes fontes de adubação em pré-plantio: Testemunha, Topmix , Formulação Comercial NPK e NPK Formulado, sendo o período dividido em quatro épocas e realizando-se coletas de material vegetal a cada 40 dias. Na avaliação da produtividade, para ambos os experimentos, realizou-se contagem do número de frutos, pesagens e medições de maior largura e comprimento, assim como determinação dos teores de sólidos solúveis totais. Os resultados foram submetidos á análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. Para alcançar o início da floração, frutificação e colheita, no ano de 2012, a cultivar Camarosa foi mais precoce. Para o ano de 2013, a cultivar Albion apresentou maior precocidade. De maneira geral, as cultivares Albion, Camino Real e Camarosa perfizeram, aproximadamente, 44 dias, 40 dias e 34 dias, respectivamente. Para as variáveis número de pseudofrutos por planta e produtividade, a cultivar Camarosa apresentou os maiores valores, para ambos os anos. Considerando os teores de sólidos solúveis totais, conclui-se que a cultivar Albion apresentou os maiores valores de ºBrix, para os dois anos. Ao final do segundo experimento, foram verificadas aproximadamente 615 g planta-1 para o tratamento Topmix, evidenciando a maior produtividade deste para as condições deste experimento. Os maiores valores de massa fresca de pseudofrutos foram observados na segunda época avaliada, sendo que os tratamentos mostraram-se bastante semelhantes. O número de pseudofrutos foi superior na terceira época avaliada, os teores de sólidos solúveis totais (SST) não diferiram entre as épocas, a largura de pseudofrutos foi maior na segunda e quarta épocas e o comprimento não diferiu entre as épocas. O tratamento Topmix apresentou as maiores médias para número de pseudofrutos, SST, largura e comprimento. Os teores de nitrogênio foram maiores na primeira época e a Testemunha apresentou os menores valores. Os teores de fósforo foram maiores no tratamento NPK Formulado e na primeira época. Para o potássio, não houve diferença entre os tratamentos e os teores foliares foram inferiores na primeira época. Os teores foliares de nitrogênio e potássio encontraram-se nas faixas de suficiência, enquanto os valores de fósforo ficaram abaixo da faixa considerada como suficiente na cultura do morangueiro.
15
Strassburger, André Samuel. "Crescimento, partição de massa seca e produtividade do morangueiro em sistema de cultivo orgânico." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2010. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2407.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T14:33:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Tese_Andre_Samuel_ Strassburger.pdf: 610074 bytes, checksum: d49d0c008ca98a59bce76b821a581e6a (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2010-03-05The strawberry cultivar choice is an important factor for the success of the crop. The time crop, yield and quality of the fruits and resistance of diseases are important aspects to consider. In strawberry growing in organic crop system should consider too, that the modern cultivars currently available for the farmers were developed in breeding programs characterized by the use of conventional crop system. Therefore, the cultivars developed from these programs can obtain smaller growth, yield and fruit production in organic crop system. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the growth, dry mass partitioning and yield of strawberry cultivars in organic crop system. Thus, two trials were conducted. The objective of Trial 1 was to evaluate the border effect on growth of Albion, Aromas, Camarosa and Camino Real strawberry cultivars as well as the dynamics of these cultivars along the crop-season. The objective of Trial 2 was to evaluate the plant density effect (determined by row number per bed 2; 3 and 4, providing densities of 3.51; 5.26 and 7.02 plants m-2, respectively) on the growth of Aromas and Diamante strawberry cultivars. The trials were conducted in Embrapa Clima Temperado/Estação Experimental Cascata, Pelotas, RS. The plant setting was performed in 05/12/2008 (Trial 1) and 07/04/2008 (Trial 2). The randomized blocks experimental design was used with four replications. From the data of aboveground biomass production and leaf area, the dry mass production and partitioning among the different aboveground organs, as well as yield and others interesting index and rates of growth were determinate. The obtained results from Trial 1 indicated that there are no border effects for the Albion, Aromas, 10 Camarosa and Camino Real strawberry cultivars. In general form Camarosa presented the highest growth (dry mass production) of the shoot organs and fruits in relation to the others cultivars and together with Aromas , the highest fruit yield. However, Camarosa obtained highest early reproductive growth and consequently highest early yield. Accumulated dry mass production of the shoot, fruits and total aboveground plant, yield and leaf area index in Albion, Aromas, Camarosa and Camino Real cultivars increase continuously along the crop-season. The fruit dry mass represented from 2.2 to 13.4% at fruiting beginning until 49.5 to 60.6% at the end of crop-season of the total aboveground dry mass, which indicate that they are the strongest sinks for assimilates. The vegetative growth rate increase until the end of the crop, while that the fruits growth rate decrease after 184 days after setting. The relative growth rate decrease along the crop in all cultivars. The obtained results from the Trial 2 indicated that the grown of strawberry at 5.26 plants m-2 (triple row) provide a more appropriate plants biomass production and partitioning and yield of 30.4 Mg ha-1, which was higher than the yield of 3.51 plants m-2 (double row) and similar to 7.02 plants m-2 (quadruple row) yield. The Aromas and Diamante cultivars showed similar growth pattern and yield.
Um fator determinante para o sucesso de uma lavoura de morangueiro é a escolha da cultivar a ser utilizada. A duração do ciclo, a produtividade, a qualidade da fruta e a resistência às principais doenças são aspectos importantes a serem considerados. Em se tratando do cultivo orgânico do morangueiro deve-se considerar, ainda, que as cultivares modernas atualmente disponíveis ao agricultor foram desenvolvidas em programas de melhoramento genético caracterizados pela adoção de sistemas de produção convencional. Assim, as cultivares provenientes desses programas podem apresentar menores patamares de crescimento, produtividade e de qualidade das frutas em sistemas de cultivo orgânico. Portanto, este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar o crescimento, a partição de massa seca e a produtividade de cultivares de morangueiro em sistema de cultivo orgânico. Para tanto, dois experimentos foram realizados. O Experimento 1 teve como objetivo estudar o efeito de bordadura sobre o crescimento das cultivares Albion, Aromas, Camarosa e Camino Real e a dinâmica de crescimento dessas cultivares ao longo do ciclo de cultivo. O Experimento 2 teve como objetivo estudar o efeito da densidade de cultivo (determinada pelo número de linhas por canteiro 2; 3 e 4 linhas, proporcionando densidades de 3,51; 5,26 e 7,02 plantas m-2) sobre as cultivares Diamante e Aromas. Os experimentos foram realizados na Embrapa Clima Temperado/Estação Experimental Cascata, Pelotas, RS. O transplante das mudas foi realizado em 12/05/2008 (Experimento 1) e 04/07/2008 (Experimento 2). O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos 8 completos casualizados com quatro repetições. A partir dos dados de biomassa aérea e da área foliar, determinou-se a produção e a partição de massa seca dos diferentes órgãos aéreos das plantas, bem como a produtividade e os demais índices e taxas de crescimento de interesse. Os resultados obtidos no Experimento 1 permitem concluir que não existe efeito de bordadura para as cultivares Aromas, Albion, Camarosa e Camino Real. De maneira geral, a Camarosa apresenta maior crescimento (produção de massa seca) dos órgãos vegetativos aéreos e das frutas em relação às demais cultivares e juntamente com a Aromas , as maiores produtividades, sendo que a primeira apresenta maior crescimento reprodutivo precoce e, consequentemente, maior capacidade de produção precoce. A produção acumulada de massa seca da fração vegetativa, das frutas, do total da planta, a produtividade e o índice de área foliar nas cultivares Aromas, Albion, Camarosa e Camino Real elevam-se continuamente ao longo do ciclo de cultivo. A contribuição das frutas para a constituição do total da massa seca aérea das plantas varia de 2,2 a 13,4% no início da frutificação até 49,5 a 60,6% no final do cultivo o que indica que estas são os principais órgãos drenos das plantas. A taxa de crescimento da fração vegetativa cresce até o final do cultivo, enquanto que a taxa de crescimento das frutas decresce a partir de 184 dias após o transplante. A taxa de crescimento relativo é decrescente no decorrer do cultivo em todas as cultivares. Os resultados obtidos no Experimento 2 permitem concluir que o cultivo do morangueiro na densidade de 5,26 plantas m-2 (em linhas triplas) proporciona uma adequada produção e partição de biomassa das plantas para as cultivares Diamante e Aromas e produtividade de frutas de 30,4 Mg ha-1, valor superior à densidade de 3,51 plantas m-2 (linhas duplas) e semelhante ao da densidade de 7,02 plantas m-2 (linhas quádruplas). Ao final do ciclo de cultivo, as cultivares Diamante e Aromas apresentam padrões semelhantes de crescimento e de produtividade.
16
Tran, Duc Tri [Verfasser]. "Technical efficiency, technical change and return to scale of rice, maize and agricultural production in Vietnam / Duc Tri Tran." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1213974712/34.
Full text
17
Godoi, Rodrigo dos Santos. "Produtividade e qualidade do morangueiro em sistemas fechados de cultivo sem solo." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4978.
Full textAbstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorThe objective of the research was to determine the strawberry fruit yield and quality in three different closed soilless systems with two substrates. The experiment was conducted in a screenhouse in the Department of Fitotecnia at the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, from April to November, 2006. The experimental set up was a 3 x 2 factorial design with four replications. Treatments were the three soilless systems and the two substrates. The soilless systems consist of plastic bags, plastic troughs and growing beds, all of them elevated from the soil. The substrates were an inert substrate (sand) and an organic substrate (Plantmax PXT®). Drip fertigation was used in the plastic bags, while subirrigation was done in the other two systems. A standard complete nutrient solution was utilized and there was not any disposal of it during the experiment. A significant interaction among substrates and systems was observed. In the case of the sand, best results were obtained with plastic troughs reaching a mean fruit yield of 122.09 t ha-1, which was 8.13% e 8.33% higher than the plastic bags and the growing beds, respectively. In the case of the organic substrate, the mean fruit yield in the system of growing beds (143.58 t ha-1) was 10.9% and 29.33% superior to the plastic bags and plastic troughs, respectively. Neither the soilless systems nor the substrates influenced the fruit quality characteristics of firmness, soluble solids and titratable acidity.
O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar a produtividade e qualidade do morangueiro em sistemas fechados de cultivo sem solo com substratos. O experimento foi conduzido dentro de um abrigo telado no Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, entre abril e novembro de 2006. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por três sistemas de cultivo e dois substratos, em esquema fatorial 3x2, no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os sistemas de cultivo foram sacolas fertirrigadas por tubos gotejadores, calhas e leito de cultivo. Os substratos foram a areia como substrato inerte e o Plantmax PXT® como substrato orgânico, fertirrigados com solução nutritiva completa, sem descartes durante o período do experimento. Houve interação significativa entre os substratos e os sistemas. Na areia, destacou-se o cultivo nas calhas, com uma produtividade média de 122,09 t ha-1, sendo 8,13% e 8,33% superior às sacolas e ao leito de cultivo, respectivamente. No substrato orgânico, a média mais elevada foi equivalente a 143,58 t ha-1, obtida no leito de cultivo, superior às sacolas em 10,9% e às calhas em 29,33%. Não houve influência dos substratos nem dos sistemas sobre a qualidade da fruta, caracterizada através da firmeza, °Brix e acidez titulável.
18
Kirschbaum, Daniel Santiago. "Assessing the relationships of chilling exposure, nonstructural carbohydrate content and foliar nitrogen applications with strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) transplant vigor and fruiting patterns in winter production systems /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
Full text
19
Van, Boeckel Thomas. "Intensive poultry production and highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in Thailand: statistical and process-based models." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209417.
Full textAbstract:
Le virus de l’influenza aviaire hautement pathogène (IAHP) de type H5N1 apparu en Chine en 1996 constitue une menace pour la santé humaine en raison de sa circulation endémique dans les volailles domestiques et de son potentiel zoonotique. La sévérité de l'infection liée à l'IAHP H5N1 est variable selon les espèces d'oiseaux: certains anatidés sont porteurs sains et asymptomatiques du virus tandis que dans les élevages de poulets, l'IAHP est fortement contagieux et caractérisé par des taux de mortalité supérieurs à 90%. Chez les humains, l'impact de l'IAHP H5N1 reste à ce jour modéré (630 cas humains dont 375 morts, World Health Organization Juin, 2013) en raison de la faible transmission du virus des volailles aux humains et d'humain à humain. Cependant, étant donné les taux de létalité élevés (>50%), un changement des modalités de transmission pourrait mener à un impact beaucoup plus élevé.Depuis son émergence, l'IAHP H5N1 a eu un impact économique important dans de nombreux pays d’Asie du Sud-Est. La Thaïlande, pays qui fait partie des principaux exportateurs mondiaux de viande de volaille, a été sévèrement touchée par les multiples vagues épidémiques entre 2003 et 2005. Ces épisodes ont eu un impact sur les revenus des petits et moyens producteurs, mais également causé des pertes économiques importantes dans le secteur de la production intensive de volailles en raison de l'embargo imposé par les principaux marchés d'exportation.
L'objectif de ce travail est d’étudier quantitativement l'association entre la production intensive de la volaille et la distribution spatio-temporelle de l'IAHP H5N1 en Thaïlande. Deux approches ont été développées pour aborder cette étude: le développement d’une part de modèles statistiques visant à identifier les déterminants du risque d'IAHP H5N1, et d'autre part, de modèles mécanistiques visant à simuler des trajectoires épidémiques sur base de la connaissance des mécanismes de transmission de l'IAHP H5N1, de la structure du secteur de la production de volaille et des mesures d'intervention mises en place.
A l’aide de facteurs environnementaux et anthropogéniques, nous montrons que: (i) la distribution des canards domestiques en Asie peut être prédite en utilisant des modèles de régression non-linéaire, et (ii) la production de volailles peut être désagrégée entre production extensive et intensive sur base du nombre de volailles par éleveur. Enfin (iii), nous montrons en utilisant des arbres de régression boostés ("Boosted Regression Trees", BRT) que les principaux déterminants de la distribution du risque d'IAHP H5N1 sont les canards élevés en systèmes intensifs, le nombre de cycles de culture de riz et la proportion d'eau présente dans le paysage. Finalement, nous illustrons les potentialités des modèles mécanistiques pour évaluer l'efficacité des mesures d'intervention implémentées, tester des scénarios alternatifs d'intervention et identifier des stratégies optimales de prévention et d'intervention contre de futures épidémies
Doctorat en Sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
20
Sena, Juliana dos Santos. "Efeito da calagem e da correção dos teores de Ca e Mg do solo sobre o crescimento de mudas de angelim-pedra (Dinizia excelsa Ducke), cedro (Cedrela odorata L.) e mogno (Swietenia macrophylla King)." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2008. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/2735.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:56:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Juliana.pdf: 2346970 bytes, checksum: 526b9b441902b75cc882c3b2abdb036d (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2008-03-27Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The production of quality seedlings, fundamental for the development of the species, is one of the most important stages in the cultivation of forest species. Therefore, it is necessary to acquire knowledge about the characteristics of the species during the nursery stage, especially regarding their nutritional requirements and their responses to substrate correction. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of liming with different types of limestone and of Ca and Mg deficiency correction, along with non-corrective sources of soil acidity, on the development of angelim-pedra (Dinizia excelsa), cedar (Cedrela odorata) and mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) seedlings. This study was carried out in the FCA/UFAM greenhouse, using as a Yellow Latosol substrate. We tested three types of limestone and three Ca:Mg ratios (with non-corrective products of acidity). The treatments tested were: T0 - control, T1 - dolomitic limestone (3:1), T2 - magnesium limestone (9:1), T3 - calcitic limestone (15:1), T4 - Ca and Mg in 3:1 ratio; T5 - Ca and Mg in 9:1 ratio and T6 - Ca and Mg in 15:1 ratio. The experimental design was composed of randomized blocks with 5 repetitions, for a total of 35 plots. Each plot was formed by 3 seedlings, grown in citropotes, with a capacity of 3.2 kilograms of substrate. Corrective fertilizating was done in doses equivalent to 100, 250, 150 and 15 kg.ha-1, N, P2O5, K2O and S, respectively, and Chelamix, a source of B (0,5% ), Cu (0,2%), Fe (0,3%), Mn (0,2%), Mo (0,5%) and Zn (2,4%), disolved in water, was used as a source of micronutrients . The growth characteristics evaluated were height, diameter, dry weight of the shoot (ADM), dry weight of the root, total dry weight, root/shoot ratio and shoot nutrient content. The means were compared using a Scott-Knott test with a 5% probability. The angelim-pedra seedlings responded to the different limestone sources and to Ca and Mg addition, for all the assessed growth characteristics, except for the root/shoot ratio. The best results were obtained when the seedlings developed under a Ca:Mg ratio of 9:1, regardless of source. The cedar seedlings were more sensitive to the acidity of the growing substrate, responding only to the addition of magnesium limestone for all the evaluated growth characteristics, with the exception of height, which responded to the addition of calcitic limestone, and of the root/shoot ratio. The mahogany seedlings showed the effect of the different treatments only regarding height, with the limestone treated seedlings being the same to the seedlings treated with the 15:1 Ca and Mg ratio. However, the liming had a positive effect on the absorption of K, Ca and Mg by the seedling shoots, showing the importance of liming for obtaining quality seedlings. Overall, the three species under study showed the best results when cultivated using magnesium limestone as a corrective for acidity and as a source of Ca and Mg in the growing substrate.
A produção de mudas é uma das fases mais importantes do cultivo de espécies florestais. A obtenção de mudas de qualidade é fundamental para o desenvolvimento das espécies, sendo necessário obter o conhecimento das características das espécies na fase de viveiro, principalmente em relação a seus requerimentos nutricionais e suas respostas à correção do substrato. Com esse objetivo este trabalho avaliou o efeito da calagem com diferentes tipos de calcário e correção da deficiência de Ca e Mg, com fontes não corretivas da acidez do solo, sobre o desenvolvimento de mudas de angelim-pedra (Dinizia excelsa), cedro (Cedrela odorata) e mogno (Swietenia macrophylla). O estudo foi desenvolvido na casa de vegetação da FCA/UFAM, utilizando como substrato Latossolo Amarelo. Foram testados três tipos de calcário e três relações Ca:Mg (com produtos não corretivos da acidez). Os tratamentos testados foram: T0 testemunha, T1 calcário dolomítico (3:1), T2 calcário magnesiano (9:1), T3 calcário calcítico (15:1), T4 Ca e Mg na relação 3:1; T5 Ca e Mg na relação 9:1 e T6 Ca e Mg na relação 15:1. O delineamento experimental foi blocos casualizados com 5 repetições, num total de 35 parcelas. Cada parcela foi formada com 3 mudas, cultivadas em citropotes, com capacidade de 3,2 kg de substrato. Foi realizada adubação corretiva em doses equivalentes a 100, 250, 150 e 15 kg ha-1 de N, P2O5, K2O e S, respectivamente e como fonte de micronutrientes foi utilizado Chelamix que é fonte de B (0,5%), Cu (0,2%), Fe (0,3%), Mn (0,2%), Mo (0,5%) e Zn (2,4%), solúveis em água. As características de crescimento avaliadas foram: altura, diâmetro, matéria seca da parte aérea (MSPA), matéria seca da raiz (MSR), matéria seca total (MST), relação raiz/parte aérea (R/PA) e conteúdos de nutrientes da parte aérea. As médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade. As mudas de angelim-pedra responderam as diferentes fontes de calcário e a adição de Ca e Mg, para todas as características de crescimento avaliadas, exceto para a relação raiz/parte aérea. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos utilizando a relação Ca:Mg de 9:1, independente da fonte utilizada. As mudas de cedro mostraram-se mais sensíveis à acidez do substrato de cultivo, respondendo somente a adição de calcário magnesiano para todas as características de crescimento avaliadas, com exceção da altura, que respondeu a adição de calcário calcítico e da relação raiz/parte aérea. As mudas de mogno mostraram efeito nos diferentes tratamentos apenas em relação a altura, sendo as mudas tratadas com calagem igual às mudas tratadas com Ca e Mg na relação 15:1. No entanto, a calagem afetou de forma positiva a absorção de K, Ca e Mg na parte aérea das mudas, mostrando a importância da calagem na obtenção de mudas de qualidade. De modo geral, observou-se que as três espécies estudadas apresentaram os melhores resultados quando cultivadas utilizando calcário magnesiano como corretivo da acidez e como fonte de Ca e Mg no substrato de cultivo.
21
Blumberg, Timo Dominik [Verfasser], Georgios [Akademischer Betreuer] Tsatsaronis, Georgios [Gutachter] Tsatsaronis, Tatjana [Gutachter] Morozyuk, and Young Duk [Gutachter] Lee. "Comparative evaluation of methanol production processes using natural gas : a thermodynamic and economic assessment / Timo Dominik Blumberg ; Gutachter: Georgios Tsatsaronis, Tatjana Morozyuk, Young Duk Lee ; Betreuer: Georgios Tsatsaronis." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1172808872/34.
Full text
22
Hallqvist, Karl. "Högtempererat borrhålslager för fjärrvärme." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Naturresurser och hållbar utveckling, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-231586.
Full textAbstract:
The district heating load is seasonally dependent, with a low load during periods of high ambient temperature. Thermal energy storage (TES) has the potential to shift heating loads from winter to summer, thus reducing cost and environmental impact of District Heat production. In this study, a concept of high temperature borehole thermal energy storage (HT-BTES) together with a pellet heating plant for temperature boost, is presented and evaluated by its technical limitations, its ability to supply heat, its function within the district heating system, as well as its environmental impact and economic viability in Gothenburg, Sweden, a city with access to high quantities of waste heat. The concept has proven potentially environmentally friendly and potentially profitable if its design is balanced to achieve a good enough supply temperature from the HT-BTES. The size of the heat storage, the distance between boreholes and low borehole thermal resistance are key parameters to achieve high temperature. Profitability increases if a location with lower temperature demand, as well as risk of future shortage of supply, can be met. Feasibility also increases if existing pellet heating plant and district heating connection can be used and if lower rate of return on investment can be accepted. Access to HT-BTES in the district heating network enables greater flexibility and availability of production of District Heating, thereby facilitating readjustments to different strategies and policies. However, concerns for the durability of feasible borehole heat exchangers (BHE) exist in high temperature application.Värmebehovet är starkt säsongsberoende, med låg last under perioder av högre omgivningstemperatur och hög last under perioder av lägre omgivningstemperaturer. I Göteborg finns en stor mängd spillvärme tillgängligt för fjärrvärmeproduktion sommartid när behovet av värme är lågt. Tillgång till säsongsvärmelager möjliggör att fjärrvärmeproduktion flyttas från vinterhalvår till sommarhalvår, vilket kan ge såväl lönsamhet som miljönytta. Borrhålsvärmelager är ett förhållandevis billigt sätt att lagra värme, och innebär att berggrunden värms upp under sommaren genom att varmt vatten flödar i borrhål, för att under vinterhalvåret användas genom att låta kallt vatten flöda i borrhålen och värmas upp. I traditionella borrhålsvärmelager används ofta värmepump för att höja värmelagrets urladdade temperatur, men på grund av höga temperaturkrav för fjärrvärme kan kostnaden för värmepump bli hög. I denna rapport föreslås ett system för att klara av att nå höga temperaturer till en lägre kostnad. Systemet består av ett borrhålsvärmelager anpassat för högre temperaturer (HT-BTES) samt pelletspannor för att spetsa lagrets utgående fluid för att nå hög temperatur. Syftet med rapporten är att undersöka potentialen för detta HT-BTES-system med avseende på dess tekniska begränsningar, förmåga till fjärrvärmeleverans, konsekvenser för fjärrvärmesystemet, samt lönsamhet och miljöpåverkan. För att garantera att inlagringen av värme inte är så stor att priset för inlagrad värme ökar väsentligt, utgår inlagringen från hur mycket värme som kyls bort i fjärrvärmenätet sommartid. I verkligheten finns betydligt mer värme tillgänglig till låg kostnad. När HT-BTES-systemet producerar fjärrvärme, ersätts fjärrvärmeproduktion från andra produktionsenheter, förutsatt att HT-BTES-systemets rörliga kostnader är lägre. I Göteborg ersätts främst naturgas från kraftvärme, men också en del flis. Kostnadsbesparingen beror på differensen för total fjärrvärmeproduktionskostnad med och utan HT-BTES-systemet. Undersökningen visar att besparingen är större om HT-BTES-systemet placeras i ett område där det är möjligt att mata ut fjärrvärme med lägre temperatur. Om urladdning från HT-BTES kan ske med hög temperatur ökar också besparingen. Detta sker om lagrets volym ökar, om avståndet mellan borrhål minskar eller om värmeöverföringen mellan det flödande vattnet i borrhålen och berggrunden ökar. Dessa egenskaper för lagret leder också till minskade koldioxidutsläpp. Storleken på besparingen beror dock i hög grad på hur bränslepriser utvecklas i framtiden. Strategiska fördelar med HT-BTES-systemet inkluderar; minskad miljöpåverkan, robust system med lång teknisk livslängd (för delar av HT-BTES-systemet), samt att inlagring av värme kan ske från många olika produktionsenheter. Dessutom kan positiva bieffekter identifieras. Undersökningen visar att HT-BTES-systemet har god potential att ge lönsamhet och minskad miljöpåverkan, och att anläggning och drift av lagret kan ske utan omfattande lokal miljöpåverkan. Det har också visats att de geologiska förutsättningarna för HT-BTES är goda på många platser i Göteborg, även om lokala förhållanden kan skilja sig åt. För att nå lönsamhet för HT-BTES-systemet krävs en avvägning på utformning av lagret för att nå hög urladdad temperatur utan att investeringskostnaden blir för stor. Undersökningen visar att om anslutning av HT-BTES-systemet kan ske mot befintlig anslutningspunkt eller till befintlig värmepanna kan investeringskostnaden minska och därmed lönsamheten öka. Placering av HT-BTES-systemet i områden med risk för överföringsbegränsningar kan också minska behovet av att förstärka fjärrvärmenätet, och således bidra till att minska de kostnader som förstärkning av nätet innebär. Betydelsefulla parametrar för att nå lönsamhet för HT-BTES-system inkluderar dessutom kostnaden för inlagrad värme liksom vilket vinstkrav som kan accepteras. Tillgång till HT-BTES möjliggör ökad nyttjandegrad och flexibilitet för fjärrvärmeproduktionsenheter, och därmed ökad anpassningsmöjlighet till förändrade förutsättningar på värmemarknaden. Dock återstår att visa att komponenter som klarar de höga temperaturkraven kan tillverkas till acceptabel kostnad.
23
Chang, Mu-Tzu, and 張慕慈. "Studies on the differentially-expressed genes in duck pituitary gland associated with the egg production." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42274384363019529630.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中興大學
動物科學系所
100
The purpose of this study was to identify a set of differentially expressed genes with potential involvement in duck egg formation process using cDNA microarray analysis; and to develop the molecular DNA markers by investigating the associations of gene polymorphisms with duck egg production. In experiment 1, the pituitary target RNA were obtained at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 22 h after laying and labeled for hybridization with in-house cDNA microarray (8736 spots). The hybridization signals were amplified by Tyramide signal amplification technology and scanned by fluorescent scanner at 532 nm for image acquisition and quantification. Data normalization, log transformation and statistics were carried out by Avadis software. One hundred sixty-seven differentially expressed cDNAs were observed in fold change ≥ 2.0 at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 22 h relative to 0 h (P < 0.05). Raw sequences of the cDNAs were processed through sequence analysis including trimming vector sequence, and removing low quality and short sequence (< 100 bp), thus resulted in 136 expressed sequences tag (EST) sequences. There were 16 contigs assembled along with 71 singletons separated after cluster analysis. The results of cluster analysis were used for sequence indentify and functional annotation. Removing repeat and mitochondrial DNA sequences, 37 known genes with potential involvement in ovarian follicles development and egg formation were acquired based on BLASTN (GeneBlank). These known gene sequences were annotated in Gene Ontology (GO); they included biological process (35.1%), molecular function (54.0%), and cellular component (37.8%). For these known genes that mapped to biological processes, most of them with their functional annotations were related to metabolic processes and translation. For molecular function, most of the known genes were related to macromolecule binding and catalytic activity, and for these cellular component genes were expressed in intracellular region. In experiment 2, the specific-primers were designed for target gene amplification according to the EST and complete sequences obtained from our laboratory and GeneBank database, respectively. Identification of the expressed gene polymorphisms was performed by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technology, DNA sequencing, and SNaPshot minisequencing. Furthermore, the association between the gene polymorphisms and duck traits was analyzed. Total of 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), destrin (DSTN), proline-rich nuclear receptor coactivator 1 (PNRC1), cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 1 (CDK2AP1) genes were found, of which 1, 3, 20 and 8 SNPs were located in 5’-untranslated region (UTR), exons, introns and 3’-UTR, respectively. The SNP-trait association analysis showed that the GH gene diplotypes constructed on C3169T, C3700T, and C5058G were associated with maximum duration of fertility (MDF) (P < 0.05), and the H1H1 diplotype was advantage for duck fertility. In PRL gene, the diplotypes constructed on T213C, T295C, G309T, C381A, G3941T, and A3975C were associated with egg weight at 40 wk of age (EW40) and MDF (P < 0.05). Within all diplotypes, the ducks with H1H1 diplotype had the highest MDF, and the H1H2 diplotype had the highest EW40. In DSTN gene, the H6H7 diplotype was dominant for EW40, and the H3H3, H3H8, and H6H6 diplotypes were dominant for MDF within all diplotypes constructed on T92C, C93A, G100T, and T106C. In PNRC1 gene, the G98T genotype effects were line-specific that the ducks with GG genotype had higher egg weight at first egg than ducks with GT genotype in control line, whereas the ducks with GG had lower hatchability rate than ducks with GT genotype in selected line (P < 0.05). Moreover, the ducks with －/A genotype had higher MDF than ducks with －/－ genotype in CDK2AP1 gene (P < 0.05). The results showed that these SNP markers will be helpful for marker-assisted selection in the breeding program of Tsaiya ducks.
24
Spasojevic, Radivoje. "Production of chicken anti-mallard duck IgG immunoconjugate with horseradish peroxidase for an ELISA test for Pasteurella multocida infections in mallard ducks and effects of Impro Poultry-Pro on immunity of young broilers." 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/22877528.html.
Full text
25
Zimpfer, Nathan Lawrence. "Estimating movement and production rates in American black ducks." 2004. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/zimpfer%5Fnathan%5Fl%5F200405%5Fms.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Georgia, 2004.Directed by Michael J. Conroy. Includes articles submitted to The journal of wildlife management. For abstract see http://getd.galib.uga.edu/public/zimpfer_nathan_l_200405_ms/zimpfer_nathan_l_200405_ms.pdf. Includes bibliographical references.
26
Huang, Alexander, and 黃建璋. "Production of germline chimeric ducks by transfer of primordial germ cells." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90332166500720257376.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立成功大學
生物科技研究所
88
The purpose of this experiment was to produce germline chimeric ducks by transferring the primordial germ cells（PGCs）from the different duck species.PGCs about 200 as the donor cells from the gonads of the advance incubated donor Muscovy duck embryos was transplanted into the blood circulation of the advance incubated embryos of the Brown Tsiya ducks as the injected recipient target by the microinjection technology, and was recovered to perform the migration movement continuously by nature in the blood vessels of these recipient embryos. The Brown Tsiya ducks（BT） injected with the PGCs of the Muscovy duck（M）to produce germline chimeric ducks are referred to as BT（M）. According to the reference of the development stages of the chicken embryos, the desired development stage of the duck embryos were confirmed. On the basis of comparing the embryo size of the chicken and the duck, and descripting characteristics which was used for dividing each development stage of the chicken embryo, it is most proper to produce germline chimeric ducks by transferring the microinjected PGCs which were isolated from the gonads of the 7 to 9-day-old incubated Muscovy ducks embryo whose development stage was equal to the 5-day-old （stage 27）chicken embryo into the blood circulating vessels of the 3 to 4-day-old Brown Tsiya duck embryo whose development stage was equal to the approximately 2.5-day-old （stage 14~17； 50~53 hours ~ 52~64 hours）chicken embryo. Just before performing microinjection, the average survival rate of PGCs was 75.2%. Random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction（RAPD PCR）used in this experiment was to detect that if the DNA which was extracted from the ganads of the injected recipient Brown Tsiya duck embryos contained the foreign DNA which was extracted from the PGCs which were isolated from the donor Muscovy duck embryonic gonads , and then was transferred into the injected recipient Brown Tsiya duck embryonic blood vessels by the microinjection technology. Therefore, the available genetic markers presenting the foreign DNA polymorphism which could be used to distinguish the differences between the donor duck embryos and the recipient ones should be found by using a certain primer from many tested ones. Then this primer would be applied to detect if the injected embryos contained the foreign DNA which would result in the specific foreign DNA polymorphic genetic markers, and thus to identify that the survival injected embryos would develop to be the germline chimeric ducks supposedly.The results showed that there were 13 of the 73 dead embryonic DNA samples presenting the specific electrophoretic band which Muscovy duck possessed, but Brown Tsiya duck did not have at approximately 410 kb, so containing the foreign DNA from the donor duck embryos to be confirmed by this method. Finally, there were 8 injected embryos which were hatched, but 3 of those died within 1 or 2 days separately, thus only 5 survival ducks. In the 5 ducks, the 3 ones were BT（M）in which the first two were female, and the third one was male, and the 2 others were M（BT）in which the first one was female and the second one was male. The total 5 hatched recipient ducks were brought up to sexual maturity. All of them were fertile, so they were mating with the oppositely sexual and pure M or BT duck species, and will be identified whether they are the germline chimeric ducks or not by the feather colour or the figure of their progenies further.
27
YU, JUNG-XUANG, and 余榮軒. "The Establishment of Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) Production under LED Plant Factory." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3sxt9a.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大葉大學
分子生物科技學系碩士班
104
Strawberry production is limiting by seasons and diseases. Plant factory is a better approach to produce crops under correctly controlling plant growth factors. This report we set up a system for strawberry production under light emitting diode (LED) plant factory. We compared with the different pollination methods (artificial-, fan- and open- pollination) to affect the fruit development. The strawberry plants bloomed three months post planting. The fruits harvested within two months after pollination. The results showed the average fresh weight is higher in artificial-pollination than open-pollination and fan-pollination, whereas the numbers of fruit are more in fan-treatment than other treatment.
28
Chung, Chang Wei, and 張忠偉. "Effects of Sex,Feeding Regimes and Force-fed Duration on Fatty Liver Production of Mule ducks." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26948271636526125713.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
畜牧學系
86
The purpose of this study was cnducted to investigate the effects of sex,feeding regimes and force-fed duration on fatty liver production and constituents of blood in mule ducks. The study was divided into three trials. One hundred and twenty mule ducks (60 male and 60 female) of 10 weeks old were bought from a commercial duck farm. Ducks were weighed individually and allotted to cage(30 male and 30 female) and floor-pen (30 male and 30 female)groups in trial one and two. Flowing the adaptive period, ducks of cage and floor-pen groupswere divided into control (5 male and 5 female) and force feeding (25 male and 25 female) group respectively. The feoce-fed duration was three weeks.During the experimental period, body weight were recorded and blood samples were collected weekly. At the end of experiment, ducks were scarificed and theliver, breast muscle and abdominal fat samples were collected. The volume of trial one was less than those in trial two. In trial three, forty- eight femalemule ducks of 10 weeks old were bought from a commercial duck farm. After twoweeks of adaptive period, ducks were divided into control (15 ducks) and forcefeeding (33 ducks) groups. Ducks of trial three were kept under floor-pen and the force-fed duration was two weeks. Some ducks were sacrificed at 6, 10, 14days after force feeding and the liver were collected. The results of trial one indicated that the mortality of ducks in cage groupwere higher than those in floor-pen group, while the mortality of female ducks were higher than those in drakes of force feeding groups. The liver weight of female ducks at floor-pen group were significant heavier than those in drakes at floor-pen group (277g vs. 214g). Feed conversion rate of force feeding drakesat floor-pen group were significant lower than those in drakes at cage group and female ducks at floor-pen group (0.028 vs.0.037,0.039). The weight of abdominal fat in force feeding drakes at floor-pen group were significant heavier thanthose in drakes at cage group and female ducks at floor-pen group. In addition,the body weight gain of force feeding ducks at the 2nd week were higher than the other weeks, and the body weight gain between different sex at floor-pen group and between drakes at cage and floor-pen group were no significnat different.The results of trial two indicated that the mortality of force feeding female ducks at cage group were higher than those of other groups. The average liverweight and feed conversion rate of force feeding female ducks at cage and floor- pen group were significant higher than those of force feeding drakes (383g vs.347g and 254g vs. 285g, 0.043 vs. 0.036 and 0.026 vs. 0.028). The abdominal fatweight of force feeding drakes at cage and floor-pen group were significant heavier than those of force feeding female ducks. The body weight gain of forcefeeding drakes at cage and floor-pen group were heavier than those of force feeding female ducks, and the body weight gain at the 2nd week in force feeding female ducks in floor-pen group and drakes at cage and floor-pen group were significant higher than those of the other weeks. While force feeding duration changed from three weeks to two weeks, the average liver weight were no significant difference. The ratio of liver weight above 300g in force feeding for two weeksgroup was lower than those in three weeks group, but the body weight gain, feedefficiency and feed conversion rate in force feeding for two weeks group were better than those in three weeks group. Besides, the mortality in force feeding for two weeks groups were higher than those in three weeks group. Serum total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations of force feeding groups in trial one and two were significant higher than those in controlgroups, and the concentrations of serum total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol in force feeding groups increased with prolonged treatment duration. The concentrationsof serum total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol of female ducks at floor-pengroup and drakes at cage group were significant higher than those in drakes atfloor-pen group during the 2nd and 3rd week in the trial one. In trial two, the concentrations of serum total lopid, triglyceride and cholesterol of force feedingfemale ducks at floor-pen and cage groups were significant higher than those of drakes after the first week of treatment. Serum tatal protein concentrationsof force feeding groups in the trial one and two significant increased at first week,but decreased thereafter. Changes of serum potassium and chloride concentrationswere more evident than those in the sodium, ionized calcium and pH. The concentrationsof serum potassium in force feeding groups were higher than those in the control groups, while the concentrations of chloride in force feeding groups were lowerthan those in the control groups. The results of serum protein electrophoresis in trial one and two showed that changes of α2-globulin ratio were more evidentthan those in the other constituents and it increased with prolonged treatmentduration. In trial one and two, the concentrations of liver total lipid and triglyceridein force feeding groups were significant higher than those in control groups, while the liver total lipid and triglyceride concentrations of female ducks in force feeding groups were significnat higher than those in drakes. Furthermore,the concentrations of liver protein in force feeding groups were significnatlower than those in control groups, while the liver protein concentrations of female ducks in force feeding groups were significant lower than those in drakes.
29
Lin, Yi-Chin, and 林意親. "Effects of biochar on growth and fruit production of strawberries (Fragaria xananassa Duch.) in subtropical Taiwan." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nr3853.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
園藝暨景觀學系
107
Biochar is porous co-product from pyrolysis of organic matters. It has been used in soil amendment to improve soil properties and microbial composition, thus increasing crop vigor and productivity. However, the effect of biochar on strawberry growth and production in Taiwan had not been evaluated. This research included two experiments of biochar effects in strawberries. In the first experiment, the effects of biochar amendment on growth, development, and fruit production in greenhouse grown strawberry production was evaluated. Runner plants of ‘Taoyuan No.1’ strawberry were planted in soilless medium without extra amendment or amended with 2.5% or 5.0% (v./v.) biochar made of water caltrop (Trapa natans L.) husk or wood. Biochar improved total leaf area, fresh and dry weight of plants but reduced fruit weight, total yield and the percentage of large fruit. Total soluble solids content of the fruit was not affected. The result indictated that when the substrate was regularly fertigated, biochar amendments improved early vegetative growth in greenhouse strawberry cultivation but had no benefits on fruit production. In the second experiment, effects of incorporating water caltrop husk biochar and molasses in pre-planting soil solarization on growth and fruit production of ‘Aroma’ and ‘Tien-Lai No.1’ strawberry were investigated. Compared to separated treatment of biochar or molasses, the combination of both materials resulted in higher total leaf area, SPAD value, early fruit production, fruit weight, and the percentage of large fruits. Total soluble solids content of the fruit was not affected. Results showed that the combination biochar with molasses in pre-planting soil solarization is a promising approach for organic strawberry production. Overall, biochar amendment combining other materials, such as liquid fertilizers or easily degradable carbon sources, has potentials in improving strawberry growth in Taiwan. However, fertilizer management has to be evaluated based on the cultivation system.
30
Lin, Yi-Chun, and 林奕鈞. "The Effect of Dioxin Exposure on Production Performance, Blood Biochemistry, Tissue Dioxin Distribution and Antioxidant Product of Brown Tsaiya Ducks." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z8j6ty.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東科技大學
動物科學與畜產系所
105
Dioxin-like compounds are a group of toxic compounds that cannot be easily decomposed, can accumulate in the environment, and can cause bioaccumulation through the food chain. Studies on how dioxin-like compounds are metabolized in ducks have been conducted rarely. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to explore the effect of oral intake of dioxin like compounds on the production performance, blood biochemistry, dioxin bioaccumulation in tissues, and antioxidant contents in eggs and liver of Brown Tsaiya ducks. In present experiment, 50 Brown Tsaiya ducks at 25 weeks old age had been randomly assigned into control and dioxin groups. Ducks were given commercial feed 110 gram per day, water was provided ad libitum and the eggs were collected and weighed every day. In the first 14 days, ducks in the dioxin group were fed a dioxin capsule per day. At day 2, 14, 28, 42, and 70 after dioxin exposure, 5 ducks of each group were sacrificed. The liver, spleen, breast meat, thigh meat, and abdominal fat were removed and weighed. The production performance, blood biochemistry, dioxin bioaccumulation, and antioxidant contents in eggs and liver were conducted. The results showed that feed intake, laying frequency and egg weight presented non-significant difference among treatments. At whole experiment period the abdominal fat and thigh weight in dioxin group was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05). In dioxin group, the triglyceride concentration in blood was significantly higher than that in the control group in whole experiment period (P < 0.05). For dioxin distribution in tissues, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) was negatively correlated with the degree of chlorination. However, dioxin clearance rate was positively correlated with the degree of chlorination. The lipid peroxidation ability in liver showed that dioxin treatment did not significantly increase the TBARS content in liver than in the control group. However, in egg yolk dioxin treatment significantly increased the lipid peroxidation level (P < 0.05). The total GSH content in liver and eggs showed that dioxin treatment significantly increase the GSH content in liver, but in egg white dioxin treatment showed significantly lower the GSH content than in the control group(P < 0.05). The amount of vitamin E in egg yolk of Brown Tsaiya ducks at whole experiment period revealed significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.05). To sum up, after dioxin exposure, the concentration of triglyceride in sera increased, the thigh weight decreased. The lipid peroxidation capacity and antioxidant contents in liver and eggs revealed that the concentration of TBARS showed no significant difference among dioxin and control groups in liver. However, in eggs, dioxin treatment significantly affected (P < 0.05) the TRARS, total GSH content and vitamin E concentration than in the control group.
31
Sitefane, Martin. "The evaluation of sintering as a potential cause of duct blockages for a submerged arc furnace applied in silicomanganese production." Thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/31307.
Full textAbstract:
A dissertation submitted to the School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering at the University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the degree Master of Science in Engineering, 2020A study was undertaken to evaluate sintering as a potential cause of duct blockage for a submerged arc furnace applied in silicomanganese production. Within the broader aim of the study, four research questions were of principal interest. The research questions were as follows: Is there a potential for dust to sinter in the off-gas duct? If so, what mechanism of sintering is applicable, under the given conditions? Does the firing temperature have an effect on sinter formation and the compressive strength of the dust, given a fixed PSD? Does PSD have an effect on sinter formation and the compressive strength of the dust, given a fixed firing temperature? In order to address the aforementioned research questions, several plant-based, laboratory-based, and desktop-based activities were undertaken. The activities were divided into five chronological stages as follows: Stage 1: Smelter based activities –entailed the collection of dust samples from the three streams in the baghouse and the measurement of the furnace duct temperatures. From this exercise, a total of 505 kg of dust across the three streams was collected. The duct temperature was found to vary between 600‒1300°C. Stage 2: Laboratory dust samples preparations–entailed sample preparation, and PSD and chemical characterisation of each dust stream. Stage 3: Laboratory pellet-pressing and firing tests –entailed the pressing of pellets at a pressure of 5 MPa pressure, followed by oven drying, and then firing in a muffle furnace at 600‒1300°C (the measured duct temperature) in an air atmosphere. For each temperature and dust stream, forty one pellets were fired. Stage 4: Fired dust examination: the fired pellets were examined for sintering using observations of their: physical appearance, compressive strength, bulk chemistry, bulk phase chemical composition. Stage 5: Chemical thermodynamic evaluation: thermodynamic calculations were performed using FactSageTM, to determine the amount of liquid formed from bulk mixtures, as well phases that were observed to have sintered together. Following the testwork, the following research outcomes were found: There was sound evidence of sintering in the off-gas duct of the smelter in question. Both solid-and liquid-state sintering were observed. The former was more localised‒ observed only in some areas in the sample‒and most prominent at firing temperatures of 600‒900°C. The latter was observed between 600‒1100°C; it was prevalent at 1100°C‒ where long networks of sintered materials were observed. The firing temperature was found to have an effect on sinter formation and the compressive strength. The PSD was also found to have an effect on sinter formation and the compressive strength of the formed sinters
CK2021
32
Yu, Nan-Tai, and 游南泰. "The effect of dioxin exposure on production performance, tissue dioxin distribution, blood biochemistry and liver gene expression of brown tsaiya ducks." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18115595030053748586.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東科技大學
動物科學與畜產系所
104
Dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) are a group of chemically-related compounds that are persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and they accumulate in the food chain. Dioxins have been found in animal products in many countries. In 2005, a high level of dioxins in duck eggs and meat was discovered in Changhua County, Taiwan. However, very few studies have examined the effects of dioxins in ducks. Dioxins can cause endocrine, reproductive, immune system disease and genetic changes. The wasting syndrome is one of the most characteristic toxic manifestations of dioxins in animals followed by body weight and adipose tissue loss. The present study was to conduct the effect of dioxin exposure on production performance, tissue dioxin distribution, blood biochemistry and liver gene expression of Brown Tsaiya Ducks. In present study, a total of fifty laying ducks were randomly allocated into a dioxin group and a control group. Ducks in the dioxin group were fed one capsule (754 pg TEQ/per) daily for 14 days. Following 14 days, the trial continued without the feeding capsules until 70 days. Ducks in the control group were fed the basal diet with no PCDD/F capsules throughout the trial period. Five ducks from each group were sacrificed on 2, 14, 28, 42, and 70 days respectively, and from each samples for analysis were collected. The result indicated that the dioxin group significantly decreased intake at 3 weeks, egg weight at 2 weeks, and frequency (%) of egg at 2, 7, 10 weeks (P < 0.05). Comparing the dioxin group to the control group throughout the whole experimental period, significant decreases were found in the dioxin group in breast weight, abdominal fat weight and relative weight (P < 0.05). The resulting dioxins distribution among the tissues showed that the highest amount of dioxins concentration was observed in the liver tissue at 14 days (P < 0.05), based on the TEQ per gram of lipid. The highest dioxin levels were measured in tissues with the highest fat content. In the liver and egg, the level of dioxins accumulation was negatively correlated with the chlorination degree, indicating a low bioconcentration factors (BCFs) when the chlorination was high. After withdrawal period, dioxins concentrations in liver and egg were decreased. In blood biochemistry analysis, dioxin group had a significantly decrease in the serum total protein, albumin and globulin at 14 days, as well as a significant increase in glucose at 42 days (P < 0.05). The liver gene results showed the significantly upregulated gene expression of serum amyloid A type A (SAA) in dioxin group (P < 0.05). However, the significant downregulation of heat shock 70 kDa protein-like (HSP70), fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) and hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) expression was observed at 14 days post dioxin exposure (P < 0.05). In summary, dioxins exposure on ducks via oral capsules intake on ducks showed the highest amount of dioxins concentration in their liver. Nevertheless the level of dioxins accumulation was negatively correlated with the chlorination degree. Dioxin group in laying ducks resulted in declines of their production performance, and weights of organ, abdominal fat and breast. Severe blood chemistry changes were also observed. In addition, influence was found on liver genes which related with stress associated and lipid metabolism. Key words: Bioaccumulation, Blood biochemistry, Dioxin, Gene expression, Laying duck