Dissertations / Theses: 'Duck'

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Bowman, Timothy Dale. "Ecology of male black ducks molting in Labrador /." Orono, Me, 1987. http://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/A/17591492.pdf.

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2

Somerville, Alison Joan. "Advantages to late breeding in Ruddy ducks." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25045.

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Ruddy Ducks in the Chilcotin parklands of British Columbia nest in late June, July and early August, later than most other waterfowl species breeding in southwestern British Columbia, Canada. This thesis considers factors that may affect the timing of breeding in Ruddy Ducks by comparing Ruddy Ducks to Barrow's Goldeneye and Bufflehead (species that breed early but do not renest) and to American Coot (a species that breeds early and is able to renest). These factors include predation, flooding and desertion of nests, feeding behavior of ducklings, abundance of food, availability of green vegetation and fluctuations in temperature. Possible advantages of late breeding include reduced nest predation and higher ambient temperature during incubation. Longer dive durations and more frequent feeding and resting by Ruddy ducklings may enable ducklings to maximize energy for growth. Reduced nest flooding late in the season, dependence on green vegetation for nesting and greater abundance of food for young in summer were not demonstrated by this study. Therefore, these factors apparently do not explain the timing of breeding in Ruddy Ducks in southwestern British Columbia. Despite insufficient time to renest and shorter time for ducklings to mature before ponds freeze, the average number of 2B age class young produced per pair of Ruddy Ducks was similar to that of American Coots. Forty percent of nesting Ruddy females did not hatch any young, whereas almost all nesting Coot females successfully hatched young; however, survival of Ruddy ducklings to 2B age class (four weeks old) was higher than that of American Coots, Barrow's Goldeneye and Bufflehead.
Science, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate

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3

Petrie, Mark Joseph. "The role of interspecific competition in the decline of the black duck /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9974709.

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4

Robb, Joseph Russell. "The importance of nesting cavities and brood habitat to wood duck production." Connect to resource, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1260641579.

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5

Bertram, Edward M. "Characterisation of duck lymphoid all populations and their role in immunity to duck hepatitis B virus /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb548.pdf.

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6

Cherry, Peter. "Sexual maturity in the domestic duck." Thesis, University of Reading, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388580.

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The study investigated the effect of age, feed restriction and photoperiod during rearing upon mature liveweight, body composition and sexual maturity in ducks. The literature on wild Mallard is extensive but there is very little published evidence relating to d~estic duck. Experiments were conducted with Pekin duck selected for meat production. Unrestricted growth to maturity was shown to produce uncoordinated development of ovarian follicles which caused internal OVUlation and reduced rate of lay. Restricting growth by limiting feed intake during rearing delayed physiological development and sexual maturity and improved synchronization between growth and sexual development which improved breeding performance. Severe restriction of feed intake up to 22 weeks reduced mature IIveweight and delayed sexual maturity. There was a linear relationship between liveweight of 1;reatment groups at 20 weeks of age and mean age at sexual maturity. However, it was found that ducks must attain at .Ieast 65 percent of the liveweight of ad-libitum fed controls before they could achieve sexual maturity. Opportunities for altering body composition by varying nutrient intake during rearing were shown to be very limited. There was a fixed relationship between body composition and bodyweight. Changes in natural or artificial day length during rearing were shown to affect age at sexual maturity but the response was affected by restricted feeding. Delaying sexual maturity by restricted feeding and controlling daylength during rearing both increase subseQuent rate of lay, egg production and egg weight but there "as no improvement in breeding performance measured to a fixed age, as a result of delaying sexual maturity beyond 26 weeks of age. 1 2 Equations are given for responses 01 body'weight, sexual maturity, egg number and egg size to feed and light treatments. These could be used to build a predictive model for practical use.

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7

Wendt, John Stephen Carleton University Dissertation Biology. "Population dynamics of ducks in Canada; the ratio of immatures to adults." Ottawa, 1985.

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8

Magnúsdóttir, Brynhildur. "Conservation Genomics of the Long-tailed Duck." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för biologisk grundutbildning, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-444145.

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With increasingly warming climate, many bird species have been forced to respond to environmental changes, and the long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis) is no exception. The populations of the long-tailed duck have been in decline the past few decades and the species is classified as globally vulnerable and near threatened in both Iceland and Sweden. The long-tailed duck is a circumpolar, migratory sea duck. Its migratory routes and wintering and breeding sites might play an important part in gene flow between populations. The aim of this project was to get a clearer image of the substructure of the long-tailed duck in the northern hemisphere to help identify populations possibly at risk. This was investigated by exploring differences in mitochondrial DNA between the global populations, and by studying the Icelandic wintering and breeding populations in particular applying whole genome sequencing. To do this, samples were obtained for mitochondrial DNA analyses from a previous study by Wilson et al. (2016) from North America and East Russia, samples from other populations around the northern hemisphere as well and new samples from Iceland. Museum samples from Iceland were used for whole genome resequencing. Mitochondrial analyses included haplotype identification, population comparisons, mismatch and neutrality tests. Whole genome analyses included neutrality tests, principal component analysis and genetic admixture analysis.The mitochondrial results revealed two distinct lineages for the long-tailed duck. Two populations showed a difference from the other populations; the Icelandic breeding population and the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta population from Alaska, which are the southernmost breeding populations. The Yukon population might have been previously isolated with refugial population intermixing. For the Icelandic populations, the mitochondrial results showed little intermixing between the winter and breeding populations. The whole genome results showed more complicated results for the Icelandic populations, with admixture in some individuals. This suggests that there seems to be more variation in the genome than implied by the mitochondrial DNA.

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9

Lamaison, Alexander. "Inferring useful static types for duck typed languages." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/12684.

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Complete and precise identification of types is essential to the effectiveness of programming aids such as refactoring or code completion. Existing approaches that target dynamically typed languages infer types using flow analysis, but flow analysis does not cope well with heavily used features such as heterogeneous containers and implicit interfaces. Our solution makes the assumption that programs that are known to work do not encounter run-time type errors which allows us to derive extra type information from the way values are used, rather than simply where those values originate. This is in keeping with the “duck typing” philosophy of many dynamically typed languages. The information we derive must be conservative, so we describe and formalise a technique to ‘freeze’ the duck type of a variable using the features, such as named methods, that are provably present on any run of the program. Development environments can use these sets of features to provide code-completion suggestions and API documentation, amongst other things. We show that these sets of features can be used to refine imprecise flow analysis results by using the frozen duck type to perform a structural type-cast. We first formalise this for an idealised duck-typed language semantics and then show to what extent the technique would work for a real-world language, Python. We demonstrate its effectiveness by performing an analysis of several real-world Python programs which shows that we can infer the types of method-call receivers more precisely than can flow analysis alone.

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10

Decker, Timothy Joseph. "An assessment of water quality on Little and Big Duck Creeks near Elwood, Indiana." Virtual Press, 1987. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/539626.

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A water quality study was conducted on Big Duck Creek and Little Duck Creek near Elwood, Indiana during the summer, autumn and winter of 1978 - 1979 and compared to measurements made in 1938.Samples were analyzed for dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, ammonia, total coliform bacteria, hydrogen ion concentration and temperature. Significant differences in concentrations were observed for each environmental parameter measured in 1979 when evaluated on a basis of sampling location. With the exception of dissolved oxygen concentrations, the effect of stream volume on the concentration of environmental parameters was in most instances small.When the up and downstream stations were compared, a definite decrease in water quality was noted. The dissolved oxygen concentrations decreased as the water flowed through the city. Due to increased organic loading, the biochemical oxygen demand increased in the downstream area.Elwood increased the suspended solids level of Big Duck Creek. Agricultural and urban runoff together with untreated sewage discharges significantly increased the suspended solids level within the inner city region. Dilution by treated sewage as well as cleaner water from Little Duck Creek help reduce the suspended solids level in the downstream location. Relatively high ammonia concentrations were observed in the upstream portions of the creeks. This was apparently related to farm practices. The higher readings of ammonia were noted after animal manure was spread on the fields along the stream. The downstream levels were also high. This was probably due to ammonia in the effluents of the sewage treatment plant. In contrast, only small changes in the hydrogen ion concentration was observed throughout the creek.The number of total coliform bacteria increased in the center of town because of a sewer bypass into the creek. Below Elwood the concentration of bacteria decreased due to dilution with disinfected effluents from the sewage treatment plant.Except for a noticeable increase in biochemical oxygen demand and ammonia, the Elwood sewage treatment plant effluent together with flow from Little Duck Creek appears to improve Big Duck Creek's condition as it leaves the city to join White River.Significant differences were observed between measurements made in 1938 and 1978 - 79. Results of the study showed a significant improvement in water quality of Big Duck Creek since 1938. This was probably due to the construction of Elwood's wastewater collection system and sewage treatment plant in the 1940s.However, there was still degradation of water quality within the city due to untreated wastewater discharges. Consequently, emphasis should be focused on the inner city problem since Elwood residents would be in the proximity to this area.
Department of Natural Resources

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11

Lemons, Patrick B. "Factors affecting wood duck and hooded merganser brood survival /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422940.

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12

Urbonavičius, Benediktas. "Antininkystės plėtra Lietuvoje: galimybių ir rizikos vertinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050419_155145-47318.

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Problem. On the present time both Lithuania and EU market dominate pigs and cattle breeding. Consumer researches shows, that growing demand on high digestibility and nutrient, quick prepare animal products. On this way duck meat is very valuable product. Problem is that now dominate small farms, where traditionally growing few local, not very productive ducks. Like there is no real local market, so there is no well develop duck breeding. The subject of research. After good analyses of duck breeding and risk factors, to take measures of duck business development in Lithuania. Tasks: To estimate different duck species peculiarity and analyse duck meat quality depend to market demand; To estimate duck breeding technology and use in Lithuania farms; To estimate risk and possibility of duck business in Lithuania. Results. Consumer researches shows, that people prefer not fat, fragile, muscular duck meat. These features satisfy meat duck mularde females. From a technological viewpoint duck is insensitive to temperature, moisture, feed changes, so it’s possible to grow them both intensive and extensive farms. Technological, zoohigienic and economic duck growing research showed that the most promising duck breeding is like part business – on the summer time use empty animal husbandry buildings. At best is to grow heterozic hybrids. These precondition enable in Lithuania to create small duck farms, which sells fresh meat straight from the farm and secure flexible sells and... [to full text]

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13

Hewitson, Stacy. "Habitat selection by breeding American black ducks (Anas rubripes) in northeastern Nova Scotia." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22739.

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Habitat selection by breeding black ducks (Anas rubripes) was studied in Antigonish County, Nova Scotia during April-September 1990 and 1991.
Black duck pairs selected deciduous shrub ponds and sparsely vegetated ponds and avoided estuarine marsh and large lake habitat. Hens with broods preferred the deciduous shrub habitat while they avoided large lakes.
Black duck pairs appeared to use the distance to a brood-rearing pond as a cue in site selection. The closer a pond was to a suitable rearing pond the more likely it was occupied by a pair, regardless of food or cover resource availability. Black ducks, however, likely used site attributes such as the perimeter of the pond, the availability of aquatic invertebrates and the relative abundance of alder, willow and dead timber as cues in the selection brood-rearing habitat.
Black duck duckling survival, an estimate of recruitment, was the highest on preferred deciduous shrub ponds. Duckling survival was also higher on ponds with only one brood as opposed to ponds with several broods.
The most productive habitat for black ducks in the Antigonish study area were isolated, deciduous shrub ponds influenced by beaver activity. Black duck population numbers can be enhanced by managing local beaver populations.

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14

Muller, Wiebke. "Hybridisation, and the Conservation of the Grey Duck in New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5056.

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Hybridisation is increasingly acknowledged as a conservation problem. The widespread hybridisation between grey duck (Anas superciliosa) and mallard (A. platyrhynchos) in New Zealand is a good example of a native species hybridising with a foreign one, and forms the main focus of this thesis. Mallards were introduced into New Zealand from Europe, and hybrids were soon observed. I surveyed the extent of the hybridisation on the West Coast of the South Island and found that, based on phenotype, at least half of population is now hybrids. Mallards and mallard-like hybrids dominate in the eastern South Island, while grey ducks occur only in some areas of the West Coast. Comparison with historical data suggests that the decline of the grey duck and the spread of hybrids has not stabilised and is ongoing. Contrary to expectations most grey ducks were found on agricultural land and most mallards on natural lakes or rivers, so grey ducks probably do not have an advantage over mallards on the less developed West Coast. An alternative theory is proposed here that explains the spatial distribution of hybridisation as a reflection of a temporal pattern. As mallards were first released in the east, the delay taken to cross the Southern Alps could also explain the pattern observed. This hypothesis suggests that the grey duck will persist in the southern West Coast. An analysis of the phenotypes of partners in pairs suggests that mating is positively assortative within each species and within hybrids. In fact, not a single pair of pure grey duck mated with pure mallard was observed in almost a thousand pairs, raising the question of how hybridisation started. There was a tendency for males to be more mallard-like in phenotype than their partners, suggesting there might be a selective advantage to the mallard male phenotype. This may be one factor explaining the dominance of mallards in the hybrid swarm. To analyse hybridisation at the genetic level, I analysed samples from grey ducks, mallards and domestic ducks with 11 microsatellite loci. This genotyping profile was then compared to ducks captured and shot in New Zealand. Genetic analysis confirms that the ducks in New Zealand were almost exclusively of hybrid origin. Phenotypic hybrid scores correlated with the established genotypic scores, but the correlation was imperfect, suggesting inaccuracies in either or both measures. As the spread of hybrids might be due to the differences in their fitness relative to either parent species, I compared the relative fitness of hybrid ducks using a range of health-related measures such as ecto- and endoparasite loads, immunocompetence, body condition, and heterophil to lymphocyte ratios. Overall, I found no conclusive evidence for any differences between grey duck-like and mallard-like individuals. However, as my sample consisted nearly entirely of hybrids, it is possible that fitness may differ from the parental species. To understand the outcome of hybridisation between two species, I next constructed a mathematical model to simulate hybridisation, and which allowed the specification of parameters describing mating patterns, differential survival, and differential reproductive output. The model successfully predicted the outcomes of two known hybridisation cases. In a sensitivity analysis for mallard and grey duck, the model predicted that this species pair is likely to hybridise under any set of conditions likely to be encountered across their shared range. Finally, in a study within the more general context of hybridisation, the influence of inbreeding on hybridisation rates was investigated using inbred and outbred lines of Drosophila species. I found evidence for increased hybridisation in inbred lines, and although further studies are needed to confirm the generality of this pattern, my results have implications for the management of hybridisation, and for the use of hybridisation as an adaptive strategy. In conclusion, my work suggests it is very likely that the grey duck will become extinct as a separate species in New Zealand in the near future, and that it is likely to be threatened in other areas of its range were it co-occurs with the mallard. The options for management of this situation are limited, as large areas without mallards are lacking. Captive breeding, or the management of grey duck populations on isolated islands appear the only feasible options. It seems unlikely that hybridisation can be reversed on the mainland, and a homogenous hybrid population is likely to eventually occupy the entire range of the grey duck across New Zealand.

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15

Le, Mire Marc Francis. "Detection and analysis of residual duck Hepatitis B virus DNA." Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phll5544.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 175-189. A study of the persistence of hepadnaviral DNA which used duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) infection of Pekin ducks as a model for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection of humans. The aims of the study were to determine whether DHBV DNA persists following transient infection, to study the effect of inoculum dose on levels of residual DNA and to identify the sites and possible mechanism of residual DHBV DNA persistence. Methods are described and results discussed.

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16

Vickery, Karen. "The humoral and cellular responses to duck hepatitis B virus." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1994. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26913.

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Acute and chronic HBV infection and the resulting liver damage including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are major health problems placing large demands on health resources. In high prevalence areas transmission occurs principally perinatally or in early childhood resulting in a high incidence of chronic life-long carriers. Progress in the study of HBV infection, replication and pathogenesis has depended to a large extent on the development of animal models such as the duck/DHBV model. Although less related to HBV than the mammalian models DHBV was used to demonstrate the unique replication strategy of hepadnaviruses and is now providing an insight into the immunological mechanisms of viral clearance or persistence. In this thesis the duck model was manipulated to provide models of both chronic carriage and acute hepatitis with viral clearance by varying the time and titre of DHBV inoculated. In addition a percutaneous needle liver biopsy which permitted multiple biopsies over a short time-span was developed. The lack of systematic studies of the avian immune response to DHBV has limited our understanding of the epidemiology, natural history and pathogenesis of DHBV infection. There is insufficient cross reaction between avian and mammalian viral antigens to permit the use of human reagents. The development of virus-specific assays has been restricted by the lack of duck-specific reagents. A radioimmunoassay to detect anti-DHBs activity in serum was established and the humoral immune response in ducks which were either experimentally inoculated or naturally exposed to DHBV infection was studied. Anti-DHBs activity was detected in a significant number of ducks from DHBV infected flocks. The anti-DHBs activity was found to pass passively from dam to offspring and neutralised DHBV infectivity in vivo. Acquired immunity may explain the variable infectivity of DHBV when injected into day-old ducklings from different flocks from similar genetic stock. Despite the importance of CMI in the pathogenesis of HBV infection the role of viral antigens in determining the outcome of infection is not clear. In order to determine the nature and timing of the specific immune response involved in clearance of infection the CMI of the duck/DHBV model was studied. Initially, the conditions were defined for optimum splenocyte responses to commonly used non-specific mitogens PHA, ConA and LPS and found to differ from those reported for peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The optimal conditions for antigen-specific mononuclear transformation were determined. The duck model was then used to study the CMI of uninfected. transiently or chronically infected and vaccinated ducks to antigenic stimulation and related these findings to humoral response and outcome of infection. The rate of clearance of viral particles from the circulation is related to the dosage given rather than the age of the duck. The infection rate of adult ducks also depends on the virus dose. In individual adult ducks with slow removal of viral inoculum or uptake of virus by blood mononuclear cells is unrelated to the development of infection. In baby ducks appearance of progeny virus occurs by 24 hours after inoculation. The lack of replication within this time frame in adult ducks or in tissue culture supernatant may reflect a higher percentage of cells refractory to infection. Adult ducks demonstrated a viraemia of limited duration and low titre while the viraemia in baby ducks was of high titre and constant. The IDso endpoint of 26-day—old ducks was found to be 1000 times the 11?0 dose of day-old ducks. A Chi-square analysis comparing livers with or without inflammation showed that DHBV positive livers had significantly (P<0.01) more inflammation than DHBV negative livers. The repeated inoculation of adult ducks with small doses of DHBV resulted in the production of neutralising antibody and anti-DI-[Bs activity. The presence of anti-DHBs activity was determined in 168 day-old duckling, 77 two month old, 20 six month old and 99 twelve month old ducks from 3 commercial farms. Significant anti-DHBs activity was detected in 1/53 ducklings from non exposed flocks compared with 28/117 ducklings hatched from DHBV infected flocks (p<0.01). Significant anti-DHBs activity was detected in only 1/40 non-exposed ducks compared with 42/ 1 56 ducks from infected flocks (p<0.01). However, naturally occurring anti-DI-[Bs levels are lower than levels obtained in the vaccinated ducks and showed a positive correlation to DHBV exposure but a negative correlation to infection. The anti-DHBS activity in day-old ducks fiom DHBV endemic flocks suggests that immunity is transferred from dam to offspring via the egg. This passively acquired anti-DHBs activity was able to neutralise DHBV infectivity in vivo in 75% of cases (p<0.02).. Optimisation of mitogen concentration for stimulation of duck splenic mononuclear cell cultures was 5x105cells/well. Once the cell concentration increased to le0 cells/well the unstimulated cultures exhibited blastogenesis and uptake of 3H thymidine, so that the high counts obtained for the mitogen stimulated cultures were not significantly different from those obtained for unstimulated controls. Cell numbers below 5x105cells/well resulted in decreased 3I-I thymidine uptake and lower SI. The response to each mitogen was different and there was also substantial duck to duck variation in response to mitogen stimulation. PHA at concentrations between 5 and 20pg/ml, produced good transformation (SI>3 00) from day l to 4 of culture. Peak transformation was achieved with Con A concentrations of between 10 to 20ug/ml for all four ducks tested. The transformation of SMC in response to LPS was poor when compared with that obtained with PHA or Con A in the three ducks tested. The concentration of LPS required to give maximal transformation responses varied between 10 and 40ug/ml and resulted in SI of up to 20.The optimum cell concentration for peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) varied between ducks and in order to maximise antigen or mitogen, cell concentrations needed to be optimised on an individual basis. Maximum antigen-specific transformation varied from duck to duck but occurred between days 4 and 7. The optimum antigen concentration varied between ducks from 1 to lOOOng/ml for DHBsAg and between 10 and lOOng/ml for DHBcAg. As expected the level of transformation (SI) was not as great as that obtained with stimulation with PHA which would be expected to stimulate a greater number of cells non-specifically. However, the antigen specific transformation response was similar to that obtained by stimulation with LPS. In acute DHBV infection PBMC from 2/8 and 3/8 responded to stimulation core or surface antigen respectively with one duck responding to both antigens. Both ducks that responded to core antigen cleared DHBV from the serum and the liver, while the ducks that responded to surface antigen cleared DHBV DNA from the serum , albeit only temporary in R89.In ducks that developed chronic DHBV infection 3/5 and 2/5 ducks responded to core and surface antigen respectively. The two ducks with the greatest liver pathology responding to DHBsAg. Vaccination with the 17kDa S protein produced a poor immunological response in the majority of ducks with only 2/4 responding with significant DHBsAg specific proliferation and one with concurrent anti-DHBs production. In the majority of immune ducks whether vaccinated or convalescent from infection the PBMC responded to stimulation by both antigens following a challenge with DHBV. However, this CMI response was temporary falling to non-significant levels quickly. The two sample Wilcoxon's rank sum test was applied to test for any significant difference between the above groups. The PBMC transformation response to both surface and core antigen in the immune ducks following challenge was significantly different from the transformation responses obtained from non-exposed ducks and ducks acutely infected with DHBV (P<0.05).

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Nguyen, Vuong D. "Duck Hunt FPGA game, a project on UML and digital design." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10137441.

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Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is rarely associated with video games. Software video games can be made using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) and high level languages such as the Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML), Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), Javascript, and jQuery; however, FPGA video games require the building of complex hardware. The goal of this project is to create an FPGA video game by combining UML and digital design.

There are advantages to starting from the hardware level such as having more control, thus giving more freedom to create design and functional specifications. The disadvantages include creating device drivers. By using the Rational Unified Process (RUP) as the development process, a Duck Hunt FPGA Game is created that proves how software video game development is different compared to FPGA game development.

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Coelho, Joana Edward Clode Simões. "Plano de comunicação integrada de marketing para a marca Funny Duck." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21047.

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Mestrado em Marketing
A Comunicação Integrada de Marketing é um processo estratégico de negócio usado pelas empresas como ferramenta de planeamento, implementação e avaliação de programas de comunicação da marca com todos os stakeholders envolventes. Com base nesta premissa, o projeto visa analisar a marca Funny Duck para a ajudar a atingir os objetivos definidos de acordo com a estratégia definida para 2021. A implementação do plano tem como objetivo que a marca aumente a credibilidade e confiança junto dos consumidores, que crie uma imagem consistente e coerente em todos os seus pontos de comunicação e aumente o número de vendas canalizadas por novos ou atuais clientes. Através da recolha de dados internos e externos, foi possível enumerar ações para pôr em prática, de maneira estruturada e organizada. É de esperar que, com a execução do plano desenvolvido para a Funny Duck, esta consiga atingir os objetivos estipulados e que seja o motor para o crescimento das vendas e sucesso da marca.
The Integrated Marketing Communication is a strategic business process used by companies as a planning tool, implementation tool and evaluation of brand communication programs tool as well, with all stakeholders involved. Based on this premise, the project aims to analyze the Funny Duck brand to help it achieve the objectives defined according to the strategy defined for 2021. The implementation of the plan aims to make the brand increase credibility and trust with consumers, create a consistent and coherent image in all its communication points and increase the number of sales channeled by new or current customers. Through the collection of internal and external data, it was possible to enumerate actions to put into practice, in a structured and organized manner. It is to be hoped that, with the execution of the plan developed for Funny Duck, it will be able to achieve the stipulated objectives and that it will be the engine for sales growth and brand success.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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19

Blogg, Samantha Lesley. "The central control of the cardiovascular system in diving birds." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366121.

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Bigley, Christopher T. "Multi-Locus Evidence of a Late Pleistocene Divergence and Sex-Biased Dispersal in The North American Wood Duck (Aix Sponsa)." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1323883896.

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Lusimbo, Wanjala Simiyu. "Toxicity of Prudhoe Bay crude oil to mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) embryos." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0019/NQ43517.pdf.

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Hamel, Cary. "Structure and dynamics of boreal forest stands in the Duck Mountains, Manitoba." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ62746.pdf.

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23

Jane, Stephen David. "The visual pigments and oil droplets of the duck (Anus platyrhynchos L.)." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249919.

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Tománková, Irena. "The causes of diving duck population declines on Lough Neagh, Northern Ireland." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602943.

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Lough Neagh Special Protection Area (SPA) was one of the most important non-estuarine sites for overwintering wildfowl in Britain and Ireland. Up to 100 000 diving ducks overwintered at the site during the early 1990s, however, by the winter of 2003/04, populations of pochard (Aythya ferina), tufted duck (A. fuligula), scaup (A. marila) and goldeneye (Bucephala clangula) had declined to 23 500 individuals. The changepoint in the temporal trend was the winter of 2000101 with the declines occurring rapidly within 2 winters. Comparable declines were observed in some resident and partially resident species. The density and biomass of benthic macro invertebrates, the main food source of diving ducks, declined by 66-67% between 1997/98 and 2010. This reduction was correlated with a major decline in chlorophyll a concentrations, suggesting a shift in the Lough Neagh ecosystem coincident with the changes observed in the bird community. However, there was no substantial shift in the diving duck diet comparable to the shift observed in the availability of their prey. Stable isotope analysis of duck tissue collected throughout 2010-2012 suggested that 57% of birds, mostly 1 st winter birds, had fed recently on other waterbodies, indicating high levels of dynamic within-winter movements and population redistribution. Analysis of ringing and recovery data provided support for the phenomenon of migratory short-stopping in goldeneye; however, this was not the case for the other species Neve11heless, a meta-analysis of count data suggested rapid climate-driven shifts in the wintering distributions of tufted duck and goldeneye in response to increasingly mild winter temperatures. It is concluded that intrinsic and extrinsic factors coincidentally conspired to make Lough Neagh a less attractive overwintering site, leading to a marked decline in diving duck numbers after the winter of 2000/01.

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25

Batt, Jennifer. "Stephen Duck and Literary Culture : A Re-evaluation of the 'Thresher Poet'." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.508689.

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26

Anderson, James Howard. "A Spatially Explicit Agent Based Model of Muscovy Duck Home Range Behavior." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3950.

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ABSTRACT Research in GIScience has identified agent-based simulation methodologies as effective in the study of complex adaptive spatial systems (CASS). CASS are characterized by the emergent nature of their spatial expressions and by the changing relationships between their constituent variables and how those variables act on the system's spatial expression over time. Here, emergence refers to a CASS property where small-scale, individual action results in macroscopic or system-level patterns over time. This research develops and executes a spatially-explicit agent based model of Muscovy Duck home range behavior. Muscovy duck home range behavior is regarded as a complex adaptive spatial system for this research, where this process can be explained and studied with simulation techniques. The general animal movement model framework presented in this research explicitly considers spatial characteristics of the landscape in its formulation, as well as provides for spatial cognition in the behavior of its agents. Specification of the model followed a three-phase framework, including: behavioral data collection in the field, construction of a model substrate depicting land cover features found in the study area, and the informing of model agents with products derived from field observations. This framework was applied in the construction of a spatially-explicit agent-based model (SE-ABM) of Muscovy Duck home range behavior. The model was run 30 times to simulate point location distributions of an individual duck's daily activity. These simulated datasets were collected, and home ranges were constructed using Characteristic Hull Polygon (CHP) and Minimum Convex Polygon (MCP) techniques. Descriptive statistics of the CHP and MCP polygons were calculated to characterize the home ranges produced and establish internal model validity. As a theoretical framework for the construction of animal movement SE-ABM's, and as a demonstration of the potential of geosimulation methodologies in support of animal home range estimator validation, the model represents an original contribution to the literature. Implications of model utility as a validation tool for home range extents as derived from GPS or radio telemetry positioning data are discussed.

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27

Thye, F. Brian. "Virginia Tech Duck Pond Retrofit for Improved Water Quality in Stroubles Creek." Master's thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46523.

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Stroubles Creek is registered on Virginiaâ s 303(d) list of impaired waters for both benthic and fecal coliform impairments. The upper reach of the creekâ s watershed drains into two ponds on the Virginia Tech campus. The area draining to the ponds, approximately 715 acres, encompasses most of the Town of Blacksburg and the Virginia Tech campus. Below the ponds, the creekâ s watershed is primarily forested and agricultural, with some areas of residential development. In order to improve water quality downstream, the two ponds will be converted to a water quality facility by redirecting all flow from the northern branch of Stroubles Creek into the upper, smaller pond, which then flows into the larger pond below. With flow into the upper pond increasing dramatically, the dam between the two ponds and associated overflow structures were evaluated and redesigned to protect the dam from overtopping and possible washout. In addition, concrete weirs were designed and will be constructed on both branches of Stroubles Creek above the ponds for future installation of flow and water quality monitoring equipment. Above the ponds, the banks along both branches of the creek have become severely eroded. Interlocking concrete block armoring was designed for the stream banks to reduce erosion and protect the trees growing along the creek. This project was jointly funded by Virginia Tech and a grant from the Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation Water Quality Improvement Fund. Construction will be performed by the Capital Design department of Virginia Tech.
Master of Science

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28

Hammada, Ahmmed A. "SuperLoad Crossing of Millard Avenue Bridges Over Duck Creek and CSX Railroad." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1353103016.

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29

Simek, Andrew J. "Western Duck Sickness: Avian Botulism and Conservation in the Bear River Marsh." DigitalCommons@USU, 2015. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4413.

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This thesis investigates how the Bear River marsh’s protection became a national interest and a cause for conservation in the Progressive Era. The thesis documents how the marsh declined because of irrigation development culminating with an outbreak of avian botulism in 1910, and traces the long process to protect the marshland. The research focused on examining local water development patterns of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, ornithological research in the 1910s, and the national sportsmen’s conservation movement of the 1920s. Upon examination of these events, it becomes clear that a coalition of ornithologists, sportsmen, and policy makers worked together to institute change that affected the marsh. Through showing how groups came together in the past to work for conservation, this research highlights the important role that a coalition of groups can have in reshaping how a landscape is viewed and managed.

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30

Triyatni, Miriam. "Studies on the protective and therapeutic efficacy of duck hepatitis B virus vaccines /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pht842.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, 1999.
Copies of author's previously published article inserted onto back cover. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 164-187).

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31

Chojnacki, Jakub. "Envelope protein domains of duck hepatitis B virus : role in assembly and infectivity /." Connect to thesis, 2005. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00001738.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Melbourne, Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, The Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, 2006.
Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 155-177).

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32

Skinner, Benjamin Matthew. "Comparative cytogenomics between chicken and duck : Wider insights into genome evolution and organisation." Thesis, University of Kent, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504666.

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33

Wilson, Deborah Pauline. "Plant growth and microbial activity in media amended with worm-worked duck waste." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.258719.

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34

Lovett, Lucy Jane. "The spatial dynamics of the ruddy duck (Oxyura jamaicensis) population in Great Britain." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413966.

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35

"Duck, Duck, Goose." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/70355.

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This thesis reinvents the current homogenized horizontality along the American highways by inserting a new typology of verticality along the existing horizontal sprawl. The project focuses upon the ever-growing commercialization and urban sprawl along a 181-mile strip of I.H.10, which runs from Jennings, Louisiana to Houston, Texas. In this landscape the sign has become the most dominant feature, while architecture has become simply an empty shell. There is no focal point along the highway today, only the aspiration of the sign to be higher than any inhabitable structure around it. This project proposes the insertion of 6 vertical elements into this horizontal landscape by taking the existing program and signs directly adjacent to the highway and relocating them into specified locations along I.H.10. These new densified nodes will further be defined through differentiated scales of perception through architecture and design.

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36

"What the Duck." Tulane University, 2019.

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37

LIU, SHENG-MING, and 劉聖明. "Prevalence of duck coccidia infection in Taiwan and experimental infection in ducks." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32776528585351712037.

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38

Whitehead, Amy. "Tools for managing threatened species : improving the effectiveness of whio conservation : a thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ecology at the University of Canterbury /." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3230.

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39

chen, mind chu, and 陳銘珠. "Effect of forced feeding on lipid metabolism of Pekin duck and Mule duck." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39087268782831721837.

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碩士
國立中興大學
畜牧學系
84
ABSTRCT The purpose of this experiment was to compare the effect of forced feeding on lipid metabolism of Pekin duck and Mule duck. Thirty male Pekin ducks and 30 male Mule ducks obtained from I-lan Branch Station of TLRZ were used in this study.The wing-banded day-old ducks were supplied ad libitum with feed and water under the same environment up to 9th week of age. The ducks from each breed with similar body weights were randomly divided into two feeding regimes, control and forced feeding. Body weight, percentage of liver weight, percentage of abdonimal fat weight, high density lipoprotein, and contents of cholesterol and triglyceride in plasma in forced feeding treatment were significant higer than those in control. Very low density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein in control, However, were higher (p<0.05) than those in forced feeding.The activities of NADP-malic dehydrogenase in forced feeding treatment was significant higher than those in control. Body weight, percentage of liver weight, percentage of abdonimal fat weight, high density lipoprotein, cholesterol and triglyceride contents in plasma, and the activities of NADP-malic dehydrogenase of in the liver the ducks being forced feeding for 20 days were significant higher than those of the ducks being forced feeding for 10 days. since cholesterol and triglyceride concents in plasma of the ducks being forced feeding for 20 days were higher than for 10 days, the capability of lipogenesis was supposed to be higher in the ducks of being forced feeding for 20 days than for 10 days. Percentage of abdonimal fat weight and plasma cholesterol concents in Pekin ducks were higher than those in Mule ducks(P<0.01). No difference showed up between the two breeds in the liver weight, liver lipids and the contents of triglyceride, high low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, Apo A and Apo B in plasma. Fatty liver occurred in both of the two breeds. No differences exhibited between the two breeds in the contents of the enzymes in relation to liver lipogenesis. According to the above results, there were no apparent differences in lipid metabolism between Pekin duck and Mule duck

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40

(8086220), Yiru Dong. "Injurious pecking behavior of Pekin ducks on commercial farms: characteristics, development and duck welfare." Thesis, 2019.

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Injurious pecking is one of the major welfare concerns for poultry and other captive birds. Injurious pecking behavior can result in welfare problems including feather and skin damage, pain, substantial heat loss because of feather loss, and even death of the recipient bird. Injurious pecking can also cause economic losses because of reduced production efficiency, increased mortality and reduced feed conversion ratio. Injurious pecking behavior includes feather pecking, feather picking, cannibalism and aggressive pecking. Feather pecking, when a bird uses its beak or bill to peck at the feathers of another bird, can be categorized as either gentle feather pecking (repeated and light pecks) or severe feather pecking (singular and hard pecks). Feather picking is described as a self-damaging behavior that occurs in psittacine species such as parrots and also in ducks. Cannibalism is classified as either tissue pecking (persistently forceful pecks directed at exposed skin) or vent pecking (pecks directed at the top of cloaca or below the cloaca). Unlike feather pecking, feather picking and cannibalism, which are not associated with aggression, aggressive pecking establishes and maintains the dominance hierarchy. Limited studies have examined injurious pecking of Pekin ducks, but results from previous research examining duck picking behavior and feather quality suggested that ducks pick mostly at themselves and that the development of picking is related to feather growth and worsens with age. Scant information is available regarding the prevalence of injurious pecking behavior and characteristics of the behavior.

To address some of the gaps in the knowledge regarding injurious pecking behavior of ducks, this study examined 1) age-related changes in frequencies and durations of preening behavior and injurious pecking behavior of Pekin ducks, including self-picking and feather pecking; 2) the body locations most frequently affected, and whether feather removal and feather eating occurred concurrently with injurious pecking; 3) the prevalence of injurious pecking behavior; and 4) age-related changes in duck welfare that may be associated with injurious pecking. Information about preening behavior was recorded because injurious pecking and preening behavior may have similar age-related patterns, as previous studies have suggested that increased levels of preening behavior are related to feather growth.

Data were collected on 5 commercial duck flocks on 5 farms. Welfare data were collected from all 5 flocks and behavior data were collected from 2 of the 5 flocks. For the two flocks, duck behavior was video-recorded over two consecutive days at 20-22d (Period 1), 27-29 d (Period 2), and 34-36 d (Period 3). Scan sampling and focal animal sampling were used to analyze the video recordings and determine the frequencies and durations of injurious pecking behavior (gentle feather pecking, severe feather pecking, self-picking and aggressive pecking). For scan sampling, the percentage of ducks performing injurious pecking behavior were recorded every 30 min from 0900h to 1500h. For both scan and focal animal sampling, the viewing area of each camera installed in the barn was divided into eight equal squares (observation areas), of which four were randomly selected for analysis. For focal animal sampling, one duck was randomly selected from each observation area and observed for 30 min from 0945h to 1015h and 1345h to 1415h ((n=8 ducks per camera (4 ducks in the morning and 4 ducks in the afternoon) and n=24 ducks per barn)) to determine the duration and frequency of injurious pecking behavior and preening behavior. For all five flocks, duck welfare (feather quality, feather cleanliness, nostril cleanliness, eye condition, footpad condition and gait) was assessed in 100 ducks from each flock between 17-18 d (Period 1), 29-30 d (Period 2), and 36-37 d (Period 3). Welfare data and frequencies of behaviors from focal animal sampling were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure (SAS 9.4). Scan animal sampling data and behavioral durations from focal animal sampling data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure (SAS 9.4).

The most frequently observed form of injurious pecking behavior was gentle feather pecking, which increased from Period 1 to Period 2 (P < 0.001), then declined from Period 2 to Period 3 (P < 0.001). Gentle feather pecking was most frequently directed at the tail, wings and back. Removal of feathers was observed 13 times, and feathers were eaten 7 times in the 6 days of video observation. Ducks’ eye condition, feather cleanliness under the tail, and feather quality on all the assessed body locations, except for the neck, worsened with age. Age was a major factor affecting the development of injurious pecking behavior including the proportion of ducks performing gentle feather pecking behavior (P < 0.001), frequency and duration of gentle feather pecking behavior (frequency: P < 0.001; duration: P < 0.001), and other injurious pecking behavior (frequency: P = 0.038; duration: P = 0.036). From scan sampling, 1.85% of the ducks were observed performing severe feather pecking behavior, 6.84% of the ducks were observed performing aggressive pecking behavior, and no duck was observed performing self-picking behavior in the total of 1082 ducks performing injurious pecking behavior across the 3 periods. From focal sampling, 83.33% of the ducks were observed performing gentle feather pecking behavior, 13.89% of the ducks were observed performing severe feather pecking behavior, 16.67% of the ducks were observed performing aggressive pecking behavior, and only 1.39% of the ducks were observed performing self-picking behavior of the total of 288 ducks observed. Frequency and duration of preening behavior increased from Period 1 to Period 2 (frequency: P = 0.004; duration: P < 0.001), then declined from Period 2 to Period 3 (frequency: P < 0.001; duration: P < 0.001).

In conclusion, feather pecking between conspecifics was the most frequently performed pecking behavior of commercial Pekin ducks. Age was a major factor affecting the development of pecking behavior, which peaked at 27-29 d. The body locations that injurious pecking behaviors were most frequently directed at were the tail, wings and back, consistent with the welfare condition results that indicated a worsening tail, wing and back feather quality with age. Feather removal and feather eating were infrequently observed, which might indicate that injurious pecking behavior in Pekin ducks is not for the purpose of pulling out and eating the feathers. The frequency and duration of gentle feather pecking and preening behavior followed a similar pattern with age; however, further research is needed to evaluate whether these behaviors are associated. This study provided more details about age-related changes in injurious pecking behavior and welfare of commercial Pekin ducks. However, further work is needed to investigate specific causes of and methods to reduce injurious pecking behavior of Pekin ducks.

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41

Wang, Yuan-Sheng, and 王淵生. "A Sign Transformation Analysis of Wild Ducks and Dogs in Ibsen’s Wild Duck." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gb3387.

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碩士
國立臺灣藝術大學
戲劇學系
103
Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906) is known as the Father of Modern Drama. In his very first play of symbolism, The Wild Duck, the images of dogs and wild ducks appear abundently amid the interactions of the characters. These images, coupled with the structural relationships among the characters, undergo sign transformations to deliver Ibsen’s sophisticated philosophy of life. Algirdas Julien Greimas (1917-1993), the iconic figure for the Paris School of Semiotics, introduced actants to refer to people, animals or even abstract concepts in a given narrative; they have become an important tool for text analysis. I believe that the actantial model makes it easy to clearly analyze the interactions between characters in The Wild Duck or the transformation of signs between characters, dogs, and wild ducks. Therefore, the actantial model by Greimas is adopted in this dissertation to examine the interactions between the seven major characters in the play, i.e. Hjalmar, Gregers, Hedvig, Ekdal, Werle, Gina, and Relling, and then explore the sign transformations between dogs and wild ducks.

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42

Runji, Joel, and Joel Runji. "Development of Piggy-bank Robot Duck." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52713507617488870271.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
103
The main objective of the study was to develop a piggy bank robot duck with interactive functionalities that spur savings by users. Specifically, the study required design and implementation of coin handling mechanism, a wing flapping and folding mechanism, a beak motion mechanism and a novel a skin growth mechanism. Coin recognition was achieved by means of treebagger ensembles with bootstrap bagging algorithm on the hall sensor output. The wing flapping and folding mechanisms were achieved through 4 bar linkage mechanism following Grashof’s principles. A beak motion mechanism was also implemented through a linkage mechanism and was driven by a rack and pinion assembly connected to a servo motor. Lastly, the skin growth mechanism was achieved by coupling shape memory alloy (SMA) compression springs to suspended PLA body structure held in place by medium soft rubber. In conclusion, all the laid objectives were implemented and the study proposes that in future, natural language processing capabilities be included in the piggy bank robot. In addition, the study proposes a mother piggy bank robot version be developed with coin egg laying capabilities.

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43

Tsai, Pei-Ti, and 蔡珮緹. "Ginger Duck in Taiwan:Culture and Industry." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39225462112650922327.

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碩士
國立高雄師範大學
台灣歷史文化及語言研究所
103
In contemporary Taiwan, ginger duck has been regarded as a symbol for winter dietary supplementation. But readers can hardly find historical documents concerning ginger duck while longan rice cake, steamed chicken with eight ingredients and Angelica mutton soup are repeatedly mentioned in related articles. Indeed, it was not until 1968 that ginger duck was reported in Economic Daily News. In less than fifty years, ginger duck restaurants has been opened around Taiwan and have braches overseas. This is the core issue that the following discussion will focus on. To clarify the transition of ginger duck from a culture to an industry, this article focused on six directions below : (1)The role of ginger duck in traditional dietetic culture (2) The turning point of commercialization and industrialization of ginger duck and characters which lead to its success (3)The mediator of dietetic culture in the industrialization of ginger duck (4)The current situation of the ginger duck industry (5)The difficulties and the achievements of ginger duck industry (6)The feedback and fertilization of contemporary ginger duck industry and traditional ginger duck dietetic culture. In conclusion, the author has two research findings. First, the success of the ginger duck industry can be attributed not only to the branding which owners of restaurants made but to social transformation and increasing popularity of eating out in Taiwan. Moreover, owners of ginger duck restaurants created a brand new style of cooking ginger duck which contains Chinese herbs. Therefore, ginger duck became a kind of herbal cuisine and industrializes as cultural mediators make endeavors to promote it. With a variety of factors, herbal ginger duck replaces traditional ginger duck which is only regarded as a dietary supplementation. Secondly, ginger duck restaurants are available all around Taiwan nowadays; at the same time, consumers in Taiwan can purchase retort pouches at convenience stores or from wholesalers to cook the poultry dish at home.Since 1993, several famous ginger duck restaurants from Taiwan have opened their branches in mainland China. Interestingly, ginger duck restaurants have developed different cultures in Taiwan and in mainland China. Ginger duck in Taiwan still has lots to do with traditional dietary supplementation while ginger duck is a style of hot pot in mainland China. Ginger duck restaurants in Taiwan often assert that ginger duck was provided as a dietary supplementation for emperors in ancient time. And to residents in mainland China, ginger duck is just cuisine from Taiwan. On the whole, ginger duck industry not only changes the cooking methods of ginger duck but also makes ginger duck become a shared memory of Taiwanese and a leading role of dietary supplementation culture in Taiwan.Therefore, by analyzing the current situation and process of ginger duck industry, the author concluded that the power of a culture can be seen as an important factor in developments of industrialization. At the same time, a prosperous industry also cultivates new cultures. To sum up, cultures and industries interact as both cause and effect.

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44

Tseng, Chun-Hsien. "Molecular analysis of duck originated picornaviruses." 2007. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-2905200717291600.

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45

Tseng, Chun-Hsien, and 曾俊憲. "Molecular analysis of duck originated picornaviruses." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59981263636355093217.

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博士
臺灣大學
獸醫學研究所
95
There were two epidemics of duck viral hepatitis (DH) in 1971 and 1990 in Taiwan, respectively, and both epidemics caused massive deaths in ducklings. During the first epidemic immune sera collected from the infected and survived ducks were used to control the disease, and then a vaccine based on the 5886 strain duck hepatitis virus type 1 (DHV-1) was developed and used in the field. Since then the DHV-1 vaccine was used to vaccinate breeder ducks, and yolk antibody against DHV-1 was also used in day-old ducklings in most of the duck farms in Taiwan. The second epidemic of DH occurred in 1990, with the co-infection of waterfowl parvovirus and led to the death of a toll of 300,000 ducklings. It was suggested by some researchers that the inadequacy practice of DHV-1 vaccine maybe the cause of the epidemic of DH in 1990. After 1990, the DHV-1 vaccine and yolk antibody have remained the two important tools for the prevention and control of the DH in duck farms. But sometimes disputes arise over some of the one-week old ducklings still suffered from DH even the DHV-1 vaccine and yolk antibody have been applied in the farms. The DHV-1 was fist outbreak in Long Island, USA, about a half century ago, but there still had no any nucleic acid sequence been published. Thus the diagnosis of DHV-1 infection still relied on the traditional virus isolation and identification methods or serology assay. In order to realize the real cause of the DH in the field and also to develop the molecular diagnostic method for DH, total of six strains of duck-originated picornavirus were characterized, sequenced and pylogenetic analyzed in this study. In this study, we have successfully decoded the complete genome sequences of six trains of duck-originated picornavirus and revealed the existence of three types of duck-originated picornaviruses, Duck hepatitis virus type 1 (DHV-1), new serotype duck hepatitis virus (N-DHV) and Duck picornavirus (DPV). After comparing these genome sequences with other picornaviruses, it has revealed that although all these 3 duck-originated picornaviruses belong to Picornaviridae, their genome structures, sequence similarities and evolution analyses are quite different from other known picornaviruses. Therefore, in the future DHV-1 and N-DHV will probably be classified into a new genus, Avihepatovirus, and DPV with several serotypes of simian picornavirus and serotype 8 of porcine enterovirus will be classified into another new genus, Sapelovirus. The reasons for theses 3 duck-originated picornaviruses will probably be classified into two new genera are based on the 3 duck-originated picornaviruses possess complete different genome structures and the similarities of their polyprotein sequences are less than 30% comparing to other known picornaviruses. The major difference between DHVs and other picornaviruses is that genome of DHVs possess three in-tandem 2A genes. 2A1, 2A2, and 2A3 proteins, represented an aphthovirus-like 2A protein, AIG1-like protein, and human parechovirus-like 2A protein, respectively. And the pair-wise amino acid sequence identities between polyprotein of DHVs and other picornaviruses are all less than 30%. The pair-wise amino acid sequence identities in the 3D region of DHVs with ljungan virus and human parechovirus type 1 is only 38.6% and 36.6%, respectively, and less than 30% with all other picornaviruses. As to DPV, its genome possess several different characteristics from other picornaviruses, i.e. the L protein, composed of 451 amino acids, is the largest within the family Picornaviridae, the 2A protein was composed of only 12 amino acids, which is the shortest of any member of the family Picornaviridae, and the phylogenetic analysis of the polyprotein and 3D sequences indicated that the DPV together with the porcine enterovirus type 8 virus and several simian picornaviruses form a distinct branch of the family Picornaviridae. In this study, we first demonstrated the existence of 3 types of duck-originated picornaviruses in Taiwan. The two serotypes of duck hepatitis viruses, DHV-1 and N-DHV, are highly virulent to ducklings under 3-week old. The mortality was above 80% in ducklings infected with either DHV-1 or N-DHV, and it was indistinguishable between DHV-1 and N-DHV by the postmortem and pathological examinations, and the mortality rates. It is suspected that the outbreaks of DH in the duck farms that DHV-1 vaccine and yolk antibody have been used might be due to the infection of the N-DHV. With the complete decoded of the genome sequences, it will be very easy to differentiate between DHV-1 and N-DHV infection in the field by the molecular diagnostic method. As to DPV, its virulence was much lower than DHVs and didn’t cause high mortality in infected duck flocks. Only one-day-old ducklings suffered from DPV could lead to growth inhibition and result in an economic loss in the infected duck farms.

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46

Mo, Claudette Lee. "Infection of duck plague infected mallards and white Pekin ducks with Pasteurella multocida and Pasteurella anatipestifer." 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/15483938.html.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1986.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 30-42).

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47

Goudie, R. Ian. "Effects of aircraft disturbance on behaviour of harlequin ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) /." 2004.

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48

Heath, Joel P. "Factors influencing breeding distributions of harlequin ducks, Histrionicus histrionicus, in northern Labrador : a multi-scale approach /." 2001.

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49

LIU, YUN, and 劉雲. "Goose and Duck Farm Planning and Design." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59265078449762281749.

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碩士
東海大學
景觀學系
104
Ageing society has become a global issue and got more and more attention in recent years. The number of elderly people in the future even more than young people. To actively respond to the aging society, China proposed various measures to ensure that the needs of the elderly are properly fulfilled. Meanwhile the private sectors started to provide variety of products for the ageing group. Facilities such as resort or long-stay village specifically designed for the ageing population have emerged. In response to the trend of ageing society, the owner of Goose and Duck Farm intends to refurnish the farm into a resort farm whose target market consists of elderly people from Beijing City. The planning and design of the farm takes two directions into consideration. The first is global age-friendly city which was published by WHO in 2007, and the second one is therapeutic landscape based on varieties of literature. There are two segments of the farm: the long-term living facility for the retirees, and the short-term vacation facility for the retirees. For the therapeutic consideration, the landscape will be designed to create sense of control, social support, exercise opportunities, and natural distraction. The long-term living facility area includes a gardening space, a forest space, a serene waterscape, a concert lawn, a racecourse, a natural pools, a peaceful bamboo forest, a karesansui, an orchard picking, an exhibit space and so on. The short-term vacation facility area consists of several sensory gardens, an exercise space, and a forestry space. Farm is also make the short-term resort space as a whole demonstration area, expected to be the first open to use. Detail design will focus on the short-term vacation facility area since it is the first priority development area. It is suggested that a post-occupancy evaluation (POE) should be implemented to evaluate the planning and design of the short-term vacation facility after it is open to the public. The POE should include a comprehensive survey on customers of the Farm. The data collected from the POE will be analyzed to yield information not only for better planning and design for future development of the long-term living facility area, but also for therapeutic landscape design for the elderly.

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50

Bertram, Edward M. "Characterisation of duck lymphoid all populations and their role in immunity to duck hepatitis B virus / Edward M. Bertram." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/18986.

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Bibliography: leaves 184-218.
xx, 218, [135] leaves, [15] leaves of plates : ill. (chiefly col.) ; 30 cm.
The research in this thesis describes the development and use of assays to detect cellular immune responses in ducks with application to duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) infections. This animal model is used to provide an additional area of research which complements the study of hepadnaviruses. The introduction contains an outline of the significance of hepadnavirus research, including hepatitis B virus (HBV) epidemiology, structure, replication and clinical manifestations of the diseases caused by the virus.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, 1997

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