Relevant bibliographies by topics / Duckweeds

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Academic literature on the topic 'Duckweeds'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Duckweeds"

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Kaur, Leela, and Nupur Kanwar. "Duckweed: a model for phytoremediation technology." Holistic approach to environment 12, no. 1 (December 14, 2021): 39–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33765/thate.12.1.4.

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The Lemnaceae or duckweed family comprises 37 species of smallest and simplest flowering plants. Duckweeds have a fast growth rate, can survive under a wide range of temperature and pH conditions and are easy to maintain and harvest which makes them an excellent candidate for bioremediation of wastewaters. The main objective of the present review is to extend an appreciation for the potential of living and non-living biomass of duckweed in remediating waters contaminated with heavy metals. Along with showing the detailed mechanism of phytoremediation by duckweed, the paper also discusses the enhancement of duckweed phytoremediation by the integration of transgenic technology. Furthermore, the paper explores other applications of duckweed specifically as fuel, animal feed, in human nutrition, in medicine and as a life support system. Apart from this, various disposal mechanisms for harvested duckweed have been analysed. Current understanding of removal efficiencies of several contaminants by employing duckweed is limited mainly to laboratory experiments. More concentrated and persistent efforts to develop efficient approaches for the genetic transformation of duckweeds can expand the development and utilization of duckweeds.
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Pagliuso, Débora, Adriana Grandis, Janaina Silva Fortirer, Plinio Camargo, Eny Iochevet Segal Floh, and Marcos Silveira Buckeridge. "Duckweeds as Promising Food Feedstocks Globally." Agronomy 12, no. 4 (March 26, 2022): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12040796.

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Duckweeds are the smallest flowering plants on Earth. They grow fast on water’s surface and produce large amounts of biomass. Further, duckweeds display high adaptability, and species are found around the globe growing under different environmental conditions. In this work, we report the composition of 21 ecotypes of fourteen species of duckweeds belonging to the two subfamilies of the group (Lemnoideae and Wolffioideae). It is reported the presence of starch and the composition of soluble sugars, cell walls, amino acids, phenolics, and tannins. These data were combined with literature data recovered from 85 publications to produce a compiled analysis that affords the examination of duckweeds as possible food sources for human consumption. We compare duckweeds compositions with some of the most common food sources and conclude that duckweed, which is already in use as food in Asia, can be an interesting food source anywhere in the world.
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Bunyoo, Chakrit, Peerapat Roongsattham, Sirikorn Khumwan, Juthaporn Phonmakham, Passorn Wonnapinij, and Arinthip Thamchaipenet. "Dynamic Alteration of Microbial Communities of Duckweeds from Nature to Nutrient-Deficient Condition." Plants 11, no. 21 (October 29, 2022): 2915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212915.

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Duckweeds live with complex assemblages of microbes as holobionts that play an important role in duckweed growth and phytoremediation ability. In this study, the structure and diversity of duckweed-associated bacteria (DAB) among four duckweed subtypes under natural and nutrient-deficient conditions were investigated using V3-V4 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. High throughput sequencing analysis indicated that phylum Proteobacteria was predominant in across duckweed samples. A total of 24 microbial genera were identified as a core microbiome that presented in high abundance with consistent proportions across all duckweed subtypes. The most abundant microbes belonged to the genus Rhodobacter, followed by other common DAB, including Acinetobacter, Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium, and Pseudomonas. After nutrient-deficient stress, diversity of microbial communities was significantly deceased. However, the relative abundance of Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium, Pelomonas, Roseateles and Novosphingobium were significantly enhanced in stressed duckweeds. Functional prediction of the metagenome data displayed the relative abundance of essential pathways involved in DAB colonization, such as bacterial motility and biofilm formation, as well as biodegradable ability, such as benzoate degradation and nitrogen metabolism, were significantly enriched under stress condition. The findings improve the understanding of the complexity of duckweed microbiomes and facilitate the establishment of a stable microbiome used for co-cultivation with duckweeds for enhancement of biomass and phytoremediation under environmental stress.
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Yoneda, Yasuko, Kyosuke Yamamoto, Ayaka Makino, Yasuhiro Tanaka, Xian-Ying Meng, Junko Hashimoto, Kazuo Shin-ya, et al. "Novel Plant-Associated Acidobacteria Promotes Growth of Common Floating Aquatic Plants, Duckweeds." Microorganisms 9, no. 6 (May 24, 2021): 1133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9061133.

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Duckweeds are small, fast growing, and starch- and protein-rich aquatic plants expected to be a next generation energy crop and an excellent biomaterial for phytoremediation. Despite such an importance, very little is known about duckweed–microbe interactions that would be a key biological factor for efficient industrial utilization of duckweeds. Here we first report the duckweed growth promoting ability of bacterial strains belonging to the phylum Acidobacteria, the members of which are known to inhabit soils and terrestrial plants, but their ecological roles and plant–microbe interactions remain largely unclear. Two novel Acidobacteria strains, F-183 and TBR-22, were successfully isolated from wild duckweeds and phylogenetically affiliated with subdivision 3 and 6 of the phylum, respectively, based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. In the co-culture experiments with aseptic host plants, the F-183 and TBR-22 strains visibly enhanced growth (frond number) of six duckweed species (subfamily Lemnoideae) up to 1.8–5.1 times and 1.6–3.9 times, respectively, compared with uninoculated controls. Intriguingly, both strains also increased the chlorophyll content of the duckweed (Lemna aequinoctialis) up to 2.4–2.5 times. Under SEM observation, the F-183 and TBR-22 strains were epiphytic and attached to the surface of duckweed. Taken together, our findings suggest that indigenous plant associated Acidobacteria contribute to a healthy growth of their host aquatic plants.
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Friedjung Yosef, Avital, Lusine Ghazaryan, Linda Klamann, Katherine Sarah Kaufman, Capucine Baubin, Ben Poodiack, Noya Ran, et al. "Diversity and Differentiation of Duckweed Species from Israel." Plants 11, no. 23 (December 1, 2022): 3326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11233326.

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Duckweeds (Lemnaceae) are tiny plants that float on aquatic surfaces and are typically isolated from temperate and equatorial regions. Yet, duckweed diversity in Mediterranean and arid regions has been seldom explored. To address this gap in knowledge, we surveyed duckweed diversity in Israel, an ecological junction between Mediterranean and arid climates. We searched for duckweeds in the north and center of Israel on the surface of streams, ponds and waterholes. We collected and isolated 27 duckweeds and characterized their morphology, molecular barcodes (atpF-atpH and psbK-psbI) and biochemical features (protein content and fatty acids composition). Six species were identified—Lemna minor, L. gibba and Wolffia arrhiza dominated the duckweed populations, and together with past sightings, are suggested to be native to Israel. The fatty acid profiles and protein content further suggest that diverged functions have attributed to different haplotypes among the identified species. Spirodela polyrhiza, W. globosa and L. minuta were also identified but were rarer. S. polyrhiza was previously reported in our region, thus, its current low abundance should be revisited. However, L. minuta and W. globosa are native to America and Far East Asia, respectively, and are invasive in Europe. We hypothesize that they may be invasive species to our region as well, carried by migratory birds that disperse them through their migration routes. This study indicates that the duckweed population in Israel’s aquatic environments consists of both native and transient species.
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Аrystarkhova, Е. "Prospects using plants of genus Lemna in biomonitoring and phytoremediation of hydro-ecosystems." Agroecological journal, no. 4 (December 17, 2016): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33730/2077-4893.4.2016.271280.

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Duckweeds Lemna minor L., L. gibba L., L. trisulca L., Wolffia arrhiza (L.) Horkel ex Wimmer, Spirodela polyrrhjza (L.) Schleid are monocotyledonous aquatic plants having ability to rapid vegetative reproduction to form genetically uniform clones. They have a good perspective as herbs and feed crops. The plants of Lemna genus is a model plant suitable for investigation into medical and ecological biotechnology, plant physiology, biochemistry and ecotoxicology. Depending on the type of the experiment, duckweed is cultivated on different nutrient media under various chamber conditions. Duckweeds play an important role in water formation by taking and processing various matters and intensifying water purification from heavy metals and oily waste due to the presence of oil-oxidation bacteria. Almost all duckweeds are very convenient for ecobiotechnological research because of their firmness. The date from the literature sources were analysed according to peculiarities of water plants of the Lemna genus and their ability to lower maintenance of chemical compounds and ingredients in water solutions with the purpose of intensification of cleaning process of wastewaters is represented. Hence duckweeds can be used in biomonitoring and remediation as model system for the study of water pollutants and an alternative choice for the study of some toxic chemicals present in the pollutants. The necessity of biomonitoring and phytoremediation research of waters from the surface sources of water supply using duckweeds is justified.
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Edelman, Marvin, Klaus-Juergen Appenroth, K. Sowjanya Sree, and Tokitaka Oyama. "Ethnobotanical History: Duckweeds in Different Civilizations." Plants 11, no. 16 (August 15, 2022): 2124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11162124.

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This presentation examines the history of duckweeds in Chinese, Christian, Greek, Hebrew, Hindu, Japanese, Maya, Muslim, and Roman cultures and details the usage of these diminutive freshwater plants from ancient times through the Middle Ages. We find that duckweeds were widely distributed geographically already in antiquity and were integrated in classical cultures in the Americas, Europe, the Near East, and the Far East 2000 years ago. In ancient medicinal sources, duckweeds are encountered in procedures, concoctions, and incantations involving the reduction of high fever. In this regard, we discuss a potential case of ethnobotanical convergence between the Chinese Han and Classical Maya cultures. Duckweeds played a part in several ancient rituals. In one, the unsuitability of its roots to serve as a wick for Sabbath oil lamps. In another reference to its early use as human food during penitence. In a third, a prominent ingredient in a medicinal incantation, and in a fourth, as a crucial element in ritual body purifications. Unexpectedly, it emerged that in several ancient cultures, the floating duckweed plant featured prominently in the vernacular and religious poetry of the day.
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Toyama, T., M. Kuroda, Y. Ogata, Y. Hachiya, A. Quach, K. Tokura, Y. Tanaka, K. Mori, M. Morikawa, and M. Ike. "Enhanced biomass production of duckweeds by inoculating a plant growth-promoting bacterium, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus P23, in sterile medium and non-sterile environmental waters." Water Science and Technology 76, no. 6 (June 5, 2017): 1418–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.296.

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Duckweed offers the promise of a co-benefit culture combining water purification with biomass production. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus P23 is a plant growth-promoting bacterium isolated from a duckweed, Lemna aequinoctialis. This study quantified its growth-promoting effect on three duckweeds (L. aoukikusa, L. minor, and Spirodela polyrhiza) in sterile Hoagland solution and evaluated its usefulness in duckweed culture under non-sterile conditions. P23 promoted growth of three duckweeds in sterile Hoagland solution at low to high nutrient concentrations (1.25–10 mg NO3-N/L and 0.25–2.0 mg PO4-P/L). It increased the biomass production of L. aequinoctialis 3.8–4.3-fold, of L. minor 2.3–3.3-fold, and of S. polyrhiza 1.4–1.5-fold after 7 days compared with noninoculated controls. P23 also increased the biomass production of L. minor 2.4-fold in pond water and 1.7-fold in secondary effluent of a sewage treatment plant under non-sterile conditions at laboratory-scale experiments. P23 rescued L. minor from growth inhibition caused by microorganisms indigenous to the pond water. The results demonstrate that the use of P23 in duckweed culture can improve the efficiency of duckweed biomass production, and a positive effect of P23 on duckweed-based wastewater treatment can be assumed.
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Chen, Guimin, Anton Stepanenko, Olha Lakhneko, Yuzhen Zhou, Olena Kishchenko, Anton Peterson, Dandan Cui, et al. "Biodiversity of Duckweed (Lemnaceae) in Water Reservoirs of Ukraine and China Assessed by Chloroplast DNA Barcoding." Plants 11, no. 11 (May 30, 2022): 1468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11111468.

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Monitoring and characterizing species biodiversity is essential for germplasm preservation, academic studies, and various practical applications. Duckweeds represent a group of tiny aquatic plants that include 36 species divided into 5 genera within the Lemnaceae family. They are an important part of aquatic ecosystems worldwide, often covering large portions of the water reservoirs they inhabit, and have many potential applications, including in bioremediation, biofuels, and biomanufacturing. Here, we evaluated the biodiversity of duckweeds in Ukraine and Eastern China by characterizing specimens using the two-barcode protocol with the chloroplast atpH–atpF and psbK–psbI spacer sequences. In total, 69 Chinese and Ukrainian duckweed specimens were sequenced. The sequences were compared against sequences in the NCBI database using BLAST. We identified six species from China (Spirodela polyrhiza, Landoltia punctata, Lemna aequinoctialis, Lemna minor, Lemna turionifera, and Wolffia globosa) and six from Ukraine (S. polyrhiza, Lemna gibba, Lemna minor, Lemna trisulca, Lemna turionifera, and Wolffia arrhiza). The most common duckweed species in the samples from Ukraine were Le. minor and S. polyrhiza, accounting for 17 and 15 out of 40 specimens, respectively. The most common duckweed species in the samples from China was S. polyrhiza, accounting for 15 out of 29 specimens. La. punctata and Le. aequinoctialis were also common in China, accounting for five and four specimens, respectively. According to both atpH–atpF and psbK–psbI barcode analyses, the species identified as Le. aequinoctialis does not form a uniform taxon similar to other duckweed species, and therefore the phylogenetic status of this species requires further clarification. By monitoring duckweeds using chloroplast DNA sequencing, we not only precisely identified local species and ecotypes, but also provided background for further exploration of native varieties with diverse genetic backgrounds. These data could be useful for future conservation, breeding, and biotechnological applications.
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Coughlan, Neil E., Éamonn Walsh, Roger Ahern, Gavin Burnell, Rachel O’Mahoney, Holger Kuehnhold, and Marcel A. K. Jansen. "Flow Rate and Water Depth Alters Biomass Production and Phytoremediation Capacity of Lemna minor." Plants 11, no. 16 (August 21, 2022): 2170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11162170.

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Given its high biomass production, phytoremediation capacity and suitability as a feedstock for animal and human nutrition, duckweeds are valuable multipurpose plants that can underpin circular economy applications. In recent years, the use of duckweeds to mitigate environmental pollution and valorise wastewaters through the removal of excess nitrogen and phosphate from wastewaters has gained considerable scientific attention. However, quantitative data on optimisation of duckweed performance in phytoremediation systems remain scant. In particular, a mechanistical understanding of how physical flows affect duckweed growth and remediation capacity within vertical indoor multi-tiered bioreactors is unknown. Here, effects of flow rate (0.5, 1.5 or 3.0 L min−1) and medium depth (25 mm or 50 mm) on Lemna minor biomass production and phytoremediation capacity were investigated. Results show that flow rates and water depths significantly affect both parameters. L. minor grew best at 1.5 L min−1 maintained at 50 mm, corresponding to a flow velocity of 0.0012 m s−1. The data are interpreted to mean that flow velocities should be low enough not to physically disturb duckweed but still allow for adequate nutrient mixing. The data presented will considerably advance the optimisation of large-scale indoor (multi-tiered, stacked), as well as outdoor (pond, lagoon, canal), duckweed-based remediation of high nutrient wastewaters.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Duckweeds"

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Mochrie, Graeme Blance. "Cytokinin synthesis in duckweeds and epiphytic bacteria." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620541.

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Reinhold, Dawn Marie. "Fate of fluorinated organic pollutants in aquatic plant systems studies with lemnaceae and lemnaceae tissue cultures /." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26506.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Saunders, F. Michael; Committee Member: Huang, Ching-Hua; Committee Member: Hughes, Joseph; Committee Member: Loeffler, Frank; Committee Member: Pullman, Gerald; Committee Member: Spain, Jim. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Storey, Melissa Cameron. "Preference and performance of the water lily aphid (Rhopalosiphum nymphaeae) among native and invasive duckweeds (Lemnaceae)." Click here to access thesis, 2007. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/summer2007/melissa_c_storey/Storey_Melissa_C_200705_MS.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia Southern University, 2007.
"A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science." In Biology, under the direction of Alan Harvey. ETD. Electronic version approved: July 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-64) and appendices.
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Whitehead, Alan Joseph. "Experimental culture of duckweed (Lemnaceae) for treatment of domestic sewage." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26665.

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The culture of the floating aquatic plant, duckweed (Lemna minor), as an agent of domestic sewage treatment was studied in a clarification lagoon at Duncan, British Columbia, during the summer of 1986. Duckweed was grown in plastic fabric tanks (3700 L volume, 1.85 m deep, 2.25 m² water surface area) receiving 290 L of sewage per day or 12.8 d hydraulic retention time. Three treatments were tested: cropped duckweed, uncropped duckweed, and no duckweed. Water quality, plant growth and tissue composition were monitored on the basis of weekly sampling. Removals of VSS, COD, total-N and total-P were greater in the presence than in the absence of duckweed. Unmeasured imports of N and P masked the effect of plant uptake on reducing nutrient concentrations in the tank effluents. Sustainable duckweed yields were possible at both cropping rates, despite a severe infestation of aphids. Dry matter yields of 2.0 g/m².d and 6.4 g/m².d were obtained at the 15%/week and 50%/week cropping rates, respectively. Duckweed contained 6.1 - 6.4% N and 1.1 - 1.4% P (dry wt.). Plant harvest removed 0.14 g N/m².d and 0.03 g P/m².d at the 15%./week and 0.31 g N/m².d and 0.07 g P/m².d at the 50%/week cropping rates. Cropping increased the fraction of total-N and total-P loading that could be removed via plant uptake. Performance of the experimental treatments is analyzed in the light of concentration data, mass balances, and mass flux estimations. Possible sources of unmeasured N and P imports are discussed, and recommendations for future research are provided. The results suggest that duckweed may hold promise under certain conditions as a means of polishing sewage lagoon effluent.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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Cooley, William Edward. "Comparative studies on the modes of action of SC-0224 and glyphosate." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54493.

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The biological actions of the herbicides SC-0224 (trimethylsulfonium carboxymethylaminomethylphosphonate) and glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] (PMG) were compared. In each study trimethylsulfonium iodide (TMS-I) was included as a treatment because the trimethylsulfonium ion is a constituent of the SC-0224 molecular structure. In inflated duckweed (Lemna gibba L.), both formulated and technical grade forms of SC-0224 were found to be much more phytotoxic to duckweed than either formulated or technical grade forms of glyphosate. The growth inhibition caused by glyphosate was partially prevented by different combinations of the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan; whereas, the duckweed growth inhibition caused by SC-0224 could not be reduced by the same amino acid combinations. TMS-I and SC-0224 were found to be equally phytotoxic to duckweed. SC-0224 caused larger increases than glyphosate in the pool levels of amino acids; the increases caused by SC-0224 were similar, however, to those caused by trimethylsulfonium iodide. Expressed on a per gram fresh weight basis none of the chemical treatments caused significant changes in soluble protein or the incorporation of ¹⁴C-leucine into soluble protein. On a per flask basis (allowing for decreased growth in treated flasks), both herbicides and TMS-I caused significant decreases in soluble protein and ¹⁴C-leucine incorporation. SC-0224 and TMS-I caused larger decreases than glyphosate in both cases but the SC-0224 and TMS-I treatments were not significantly different. These data indicate that differences in the phytotoxicity of SC-0224 .and glyphosate may be due to the action of the trimethylsulfonium ion of the SC-0224 structure. The effects of these herbicides on the conversion of shikimate to anthranilate in a cell-free extract of Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 25306 were also compared. SC-0224 and glyphosate equally inhibited the production of anthranilate indicating that SC-0224 has action similar to glyphosate on the shikimate pathway. The effects of these herbicides on photosynthetic electron transport (the Hill reaction) was determined using isolated thylakoids from Alaska pea (Pisum sativum L.). The action of SC-0224 was compared with the action of glyphosate, TMS-I and diuron [3-(3,4-dichorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea]. SC-0224, glyphosate and TMS-I did not inhibit the Hill reaction at concentrations up to 10 mM; whereas, diuron caused an almost total inhibition at 0.10 mM. The results of this study indicate that SC-0224 is not an inhibitor of photosynthetic electron transport. These studies indicate that both constituents of the SC-0224 structure, TMS and PMG, are phytotoxic and may act independently.
Ph. D.
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Velásquez, Yorcelis Carmelina Cruz. "Study on the locally available aquatic macrophytes as fish feed for rural aquaculture purposes in South America." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17510.

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Zur Sicherung der Fischbestände muss die Aquakultur ihren Beitrag zur Weltfischversorgung weiter steigern. Solange jedoch die Fischfutter Produktion stark von der Gewinnung von Fischmehl abhängig ist, bestehen für die Aquakultur natürliche Begrenzungen und die Gefahr der Überfischung der Fischbestände bleibt erhalten. Wenn das Wachstumspotenzial der Aquakultur ausgeschöpft werden soll, müssen beträchtliche Mengen von Nährstoffeinträgen in Form von vollständigen Aquakultur-Mischfuttermitteln auf einer nachhaltigen Basis verfügbar sein. Aufgrund des gestiegenen Preises von kommerziellem Fischfutter sind Kleinproduzenten nicht in der Lage dieses zu erwerben. Daher ist es notwendig, ihnen alternatives Fischfutter zur Verfügung zu stellen. Wasserpflanzen können eine bedeutende Nahrungsquelle für herbivore- und omnivore Fische sein. Dennoch ist die Nutzung dieser Pflanzen als Zusatz für Fischfutter durch eine Reihe antinutritiver Substanzen, welche das normale Fischwachstum negativ beeinträchtigen, begrenzt. Unterschiedliche Behandlungen der Pflanzen können den Anteil an antinutritiven Substanzen reduzieren. Das Ziel dieser Dissertation war es, das nutritive Potential von Wasserpflanzen zu bestimmen. Die Wirkung der Behandlungen wie Sonnentrocknung oder Fermentierung zu bewerten und den Effekt ihrer Nutzung als Fischfutter auf das Wachstum von kultivierten Fischen zu erfassen. Dazu wurden Rationen mit einem geringen Gehalt an Fischmehl (3%) und bis zu 25% der Wasserpflanzen an die Fischspezies P. brachypomus und O. niloticus verfüttert. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung zeigen dass, eine ausschließlich auf aquatischen Makrophyten basierende Fütterung nicht empfehlenswert ist. Indem sie jedoch mit anderen lokal verfügbaren Agrar-Nebenerzeugnissen oder sogar mit kommerziellen Futtermitteln kombiniert werden, könnten die Futterkosten erheblich reduziert werden und bäuerlichen Kleinbetrieben eine Möglichkeit zum Wettbewerb auf den lokalen Märkten eröffnen.
It is commonly known that aquaculture needs to increase further its net contribution to the total world fish supplies. However, at present almost all farming operations, based on the use of fish feed, are highly dependent on available fishery resources for the production of fish meal, becoming a reducing activity rather than an activity suppling fishery resources. If the aquaculture growth potential is to be maintained, then considerable quantities of nutrient inputs in the form of aquafeeds will have to be available on a sustainable basis. On a long-term the small producers will be unable to depend on commercial aquafeeds based traditionally on fish meal, due to its increased price. Small-scale farmers need an alternative fish feed wherever possible based on the use of non-food grade locally feed resources, which is available in rural areas, is low-cost and is suitable for the proper growth and maintenance of native fish. Aquatic plants are considered important nutritional sources for herbivorous-omnivorous fish. However, the use of plant-derived materials as fish feed ingredient is limited by the presence of wide variety of antinutrients that affect the normal fish growth negatively; so that plants should be processed to reduce the effects of these compounds. Considering these aspects, this study assessed the nutritional potential of aquatic plants available in rural Colombia treated by sun drying and by fermentation and the effect of their use as fish feed on the growth performance of common cultured tropical fish (Piaractus brachypomus and Oreochromis niloticus) fed low fishmeal diets (3%) and until 25% of aquatic plants. The results of this study showed that a feeding exclusively based on aquatic plants is not recommendable; but to combine them with other locally available by-products of agriculture or even with commercial diets might considerably reduce feeding cost and provide to the small-scale farmers the opportunity to compete in local markets.
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Mangum, Lauren Heard. "Treatment of Timtek process water by co-composting and aqueous phytoremediation." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2009. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04022009-101708.

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Falabi, Ablawa Jeanne. "Pathogen removal from wastewater by a duckweed pond." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1996. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0093_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Emson, D. "The ecology and palaeoecology of diatom-duckweed relationships." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2015. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1462713/.

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This thesis focuses on the ecology and palaeoecology of diatom-duckweed relationships and utilises a combined experimental, ecological and palaeoecological approach. In particular, the study sought to determine the potential of the epiphytic diatom Lemnicola hungarica to be utilised as a proxy indicator of past dominance of duckweed (Lemna) in small ponds. To this end, contemporary sampling of epiphytic diatom assemblages from a variety of macrophytes (including multiple samples of free-floating plants) were collected from around the world and analysed for diatom epiphytes. In this study, even despite significant environmental gradients, L. hungarica showed a significant association with free-floating plants (including Lemna spp.) as did Sellaphora seminulum. To determine whether this relationship might be used to infer Lemna-dominance in sediment cores, diatom assemblages were analysed in surface sediments from English Lemna and non-Lemna covered ponds and in a core from a pond (Bodham Rail Pit, eastern England) known to have exhibited periods of Lemna-dominance in the past. In both cases, the data suggested that both L. hungarica and S. seminulum were excellent predictors of past Lemna-dominance. Finally, to infer the consequences of Lemna-dominance for the long-term biological structure and ecosystem function of the Bodham Rail Pit, the sedimentary remains of diatoms, plant pigments, and plant and animal macrofossils were enumerated from two sediment cores. These stratigraphic data were compared with the diatom Lemna-indicator metric which indicated three distinct Lemna cycles. Sediment core analyses suggested major compositional, structural and ecological changes brought about by the Lemna cycles, especially in the submerged macrophyte community and in fish-invertebrate relationships. These data reveal that duckweed proliferation, often brought about by eutrophication and terrestrialisation in ponds, can result in dramatic ecological changes due to a strong physical ecosystem engineering effect.
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Zhao, Xin. "Optimization of the production of bioethanol from duckweed (Lemna minor)." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2014. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/54302/.

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This project has investigated the production of bioethanol from duckweed (Lemna minor) biomass. The project includes four main sections: firstly, analysis of the chemical characteristics of duckweed, particularly the polysaccharides of the cell wall; secondly, exploration of suitable commercial enzymes for degrading duckweed biomass to fermentable sugars; thirdly, optimisation of pretreatments and enzymatic saccharification; finally, fermentation and optimisation of the ethanol yield. Pond-grown L. minor contained 51.2 % carbohydrate (w/w dry matter) of which 77 % (including glucose, galactose and xylose) is fermentable. A series of enzymatic hydrolyses was used to evaluate the commercial enzymes and optimise conditions for their use in the saccharification of duckweed biomass. Celluclast 1.5L (CE) and Novozyme 188 (BG) were identified as suitable for hydrolysing duckweed cell walls (prepared as alcohol insoluble residues). The additional use of thermophysical pretreatment (steam explosion) results in a dramatic decrease in the amount of enzyme required for quantitative saccharification. A more advanced commercial cellulase cocktail (Cellic® CTec 2; CTec 2) is likely to further reduce the enzyme cost. Methods for the simultaneous saccharification, using CTec 2 and BG, and fermentation of steam exploded duckweed were developed. These resulted in an 80 % ethanol yield at a diluted substrate concentration (1 % w/v). However the ethanol yield decreased dramatically at higher substrate concentrations (to 18 % at 20 % w/v substrate concentration, which is a highly viscous suspension). Further studies involved the development of approaches to address this: (i) increasing the yeast titre in the inoculum or (ii) growing the inoculum on steam-exploded duckweed. These approaches facilitated an ethanol yield of up to 70 % (w/w) at a substrate concentration of 20 % (w/v). Maximising the final ethanol yield is of great importance in reducing the costs of production. The optimized ethanol production process indicates the technical potential for industrial ethanol production from duckweed. Operating costs have also been estimated and are discussed in relation to the potential exploitation of protein as a co-product.
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Books on the topic "Duckweeds"

1

Landolt, Elias. Lemnaceae. Meise: Jardin botanique national de Belgique, 1988.

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Skillicorn, Paul. Duckweed aquaculture: A new aquatic farming system for developing countries. Washington, D.C: World Bank, 1993.

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Sauter, Peter Richard. Kryokonservierung von Lemnaceae =: Cryopreservation of Lemnaceae. Zürich: Geobotanischen Institut ETH, Stiftung Rübel, 1993.

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Saber Abdel-Aziz Abdel-Salam Mohamed El-Shafai. Nutrients valorisation via duckweed-based wastewater treatment and aquaculture. Lisse, Netherlands: Balkema, 2004.

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Zimmo, Omar. Nitrogen transformations and removal mechanisms in algal and duckweed waste stabilisation ponds. Lisse: Balkema, 2003.

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Ross, Bruce. Among floating duckweed. London, Ont: HMS Press, 1994.

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Cao, Xuan Hieu, Paul Fourounjian, and Wenqin Wang, eds. The Duckweed Genomes. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11045-1.

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Si ru fu ping: Thinking as a duckweed. Beijing: Zhongguo fa zhi chu ban she, 2007.

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Zimmo, Omar. Nitrogen transformations and removal mechanisms in algal and duckweed waste stabilisation ponds. Lisse: Balkema, 2001.

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Al-Nozaily, Fadhl Ali. Performance and process analysis of duckweed-covered sewage lagoons for high strength sewage: The case of Sana'a, Yemen. Rotterdam: Balkema, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Duckweeds"

1

Fang, Yang, Anping Du, Li Tan, Kaize He, Yanling Jin, Xueping Tian, Yaliang Xu, and Hai Zhao. "Proteomics in Duckweeds." In The Duckweed Genomes, 137–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11045-1_14.

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Yang, Jingjing, Shiqi Hu, Gaojie Li, Suliman Khan, Sunjeet Kumar, Lunguang Yao, Pengfei Duan, and Hongwei Hou. "Transformation Development in Duckweeds." In The Duckweed Genomes, 143–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11045-1_15.

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Fourounjian, Paul. "Small RNAs in Duckweeds." In The Duckweed Genomes, 157–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11045-1_16.

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Xiang, Xiaoli, and Changsheng Li. "Strategies and Tools for Sequencing Duckweeds." In The Duckweed Genomes, 67–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11045-1_6.

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Cao, Xuan Hieu, and Giang T. H. Vu. "Cytogenetics, Epigenetics and Karyotype Evolution of Duckweeds." In The Duckweed Genomes, 47–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11045-1_4.

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Fourounjian, Paul, Tamra Fakhoorian, and Xuan Hieu Cao. "Importance of Duckweeds in Basic Research and Their Industrial Applications." In The Duckweed Genomes, 1–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11045-1_1.

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Tippery, Nicholas P., and Donald H. Les. "Tiny Plants with Enormous Potential: Phylogeny and Evolution of Duckweeds." In The Duckweed Genomes, 19–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11045-1_2.

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Khvatkov, Pavel, Alexsey Firsov, Tatyana Mitiouchkina, Mariya Chernobrovkina, and Sergey Dolgov. "Duckweeds for the Production of Therapeutic Proteins." In Exploring Plant Cells for the Production of Compounds of Interest, 125–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58271-5_5.

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Mussarat, Ambreen, Mujahid Farid, Wajahat Hussain, Shafaqat Ali, Umair Ashraf, Ahmad Azam, Nighat Raza, Haifa Abdulaziz S. Alhaithloul, and Mona H. Soliman. "Efficacy of Duckweeds for Phytoremediation: Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Alterations." In Approaches to the Remediation of Inorganic Pollutants, 345–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6221-1_17.

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Luhana, Kuldeep. "Duckweeds: The Tiny Creatures for Resolving the Major Environmental Issues." In Innovations in Environmental Biotechnology, 893–905. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4445-0_38.

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Conference papers on the topic "Duckweeds"

1

A.D, Bhetalu, and Patil S.S. "Bioethanol production from water hyacinth, cattails and duckweeds using different chemical pretreatment methods." In International Conference on Science and Engineering for Sustainable Development. Infogain Publication, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24001/icsesd2017.34.

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Sembada, Anca Awal, and Ahmad Faizal. "Effect of polyculture cultivation system and addition of abscisic acid (ABA) on enhancement of starch and protein content from duckweeds." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGY AND APPLIED SCIENCE (ICOBAS). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5115630.

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Weihua Cui, Jiele Xu, Jay J Cheng, and Anne M Stomp. "Growing Duckweed for Bioethanol Production." In 2010 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 20 - June 23, 2010. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.29907.

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R. A Smith, J. Cheng, and J. J. Classen. "Duckweed Harvesting and Mat Control." In 2001 Sacramento, CA July 29-August 1,2001. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.4128.

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"4th International Conference on Duckweed Research and Applications." In 4th International Conference on Duckweed Research and Applications. Frontiers Media SA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88945-368-9.

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shuangning xiu, Abolghasem Shahbazi, James Croonenberghs, and Lijun Wang. "Thermochemical Liquefaction of Duckweed to Biofuel." In 2008 Providence, Rhode Island, June 29 - July 2, 2008. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.24602.

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Weihua Cui, Jiele Xu, and Jay J Cheng. "Duckweed starch accumulation for bioethanol production." In 2011 Louisville, Kentucky, August 7 - August 10, 2011. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.37783.

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Dawn Reinhold and F. Michael Saunders. "Phytoremediation of fluorinated pollutants by duckweed." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.21012.

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Patrick Anthony Triscari, Shannon Lea Henderson, and Dawn Marie Reinhold. "Anaerobic Digestion of Dairy Manure Combined with Duckweed (Lemnaceae)." In 2009 Reno, Nevada, June 21 - June 24, 2009. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.27445.

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Kochan, Roman, Volodymyr Pohrebennyk, Serhii Kvaterniuk, Roman Petruk, Olena Kvaterniuk, Marcin Bernas, Rafal Szklarczyk, and Ruslana Ziubina. "Multispectral Control of Ecotoxicity of Waters Using Duckweed (Lemna Minor)." In 2020 IEEE 5th International Symposium on Smart and Wireless Systems within the Conferences on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems (IDAACS-SWS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/idaacs-sws50031.2020.9297109.

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