Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ductile Iron

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Ductile Iron'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Ductile Iron"

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Batra, Uma, S. Ray, and S. R. Prabhakar. "Austempering and Austempered Ductile Iron Microstructure in Copper Alloyed Ductile Iron." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 12, no. 4 (August 1, 2003): 426–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1361/105994903770342962.

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Abdullah, Harith Hammody, Ali Awad Ibraheem, and Ahmed Abdel Ameer Khudhair. "Production of Ductile Iron Using Inside-Mold Treatment Technique." Iraqi Journal of Industrial Research 9, no. 2 (October 20, 2022): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.53523/ijoirvol9i2id176.

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Ductile Cast Iron is a widely used cast iron. Ductile iron applications are used in various sectors of modern mechanical industries. Ductile iron has wide uses in the field of car industry, military industries, agricultural equipment, construction and mines. The production of ductile iron faces many technical difficulties in our local factories due to the difficulty in providing equipment and technologies for its production by common methods. In this study, we resorted to applying one of the modern methods in the production of ductile iron, which is the treatment process for the molten iron in the sand mold. Magnesium alloys were added inside the sand mold within the casting stream and in the casting cavity for casting production. Specific weights were added and experiments were performed to determine the fusible chemical composition appropriate for preparing ductile cast iron. The study proved that adding magnesium alloys inside the sand mold, whether inside the mold cavity or in the casting channel, is both a successful method for producing ductile iron alloys. It is possible to produce different types of ductile iron by controlling the ratio of alloy additions to the molten metal content during casting.
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Mnati, Ali A., Kadhim K. Resan, and Ehsan Omaraa. "Structural Characterization and Mechanical Properties of Ductile Iron - Enhanced Alloyed Ductile Iron." Key Engineering Materials 924 (June 30, 2022): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-oko587.

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In this study, an attempt has been made to produce ductile iron or spheroidal graphite iron and to study its important properties with a view to reduce the import of machinery parts made of ductile iron. Locally available compressor scrap (i.e. the compressor cylinder) which is made from grey cast iron was used to produce ductile iron using a crucible furnace that is fired by oil. Also, recycling of the grey cast iron to ductile iron was investigated and its effect on the microstructure, chemical composition, mechanical properties and chip shape. The mechanical and structural characteristics of the ductile irons that alloyed by the supplement of Ni, Mo, Mg, and Cr were studied In this study, four kilograms of the scrap were charged into an oil-fired crucible furnace. The scrap was heated to 1400°C with using a temperature controller to monitor the temperature with an inserted thermocouple. For desulphurization, the mixture of 3 wt.% burnt lime with 1 wt.% fluorspar of scrap weight was added to the molten at 1400°C by direct tapping into the molten. Then, 2.75 wt.% nickel element, 0.75 wt.% ferromolybdenum and 0.5wt.% ferromanganese of the scrap weight were added. Also, 1.25 wt.% spheroidizing alloy (FeSiMg9) and 1wt.% inoculant alloy of scrap weight were used to treat the iron melt at 1450°C. The analysis of scrap sample and product sample was done to determine their chemical composition, tensile strength, impact strength, hardness, and microstructure. The scrap and the as-cast product analysis determine its chemical composition, tensile, impact, hardness and microstructure. The microstructures revealed that the scrap contains flake graphite and the as-cast product contains spheroid graphite. An increase of the ultimate tensile stress (537.17 MPa), elongation (10%), hardness value (480.4 HB) and impact value (11.21 J) was observed for the alloyed ductile iron as compared with the mechanical properties of grey cast iron scrap, including (247.75 MPa), (6%), (400.3 HB) and (5.66 J), respectively. One of the important conclusions is the plunge container manufactured, and that was used according to the plunging technique followed in this investigation proved successful
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Pilc, Jozef, Michal Šajgalík, Jozef Holubják, Marianna Piešová, Lucia Zaušková, Ondrej Babík, Viktor Kuždák, and Jozef Rákoci. "Austempered Ductile Iron Machining." Technological Engineering 12, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/teen-2015-0002.

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Abstract This article deals with the machining of cast iron. In industrial practice, Austempered Ductile Iron began to be used relatively recently. ADI is ductile iron that has gone through austempering to get improved properties, among which we can include strength, wear resistance or noise damping. This specific material is defined also by other properties, such as high elasticity, ductility and endurance against tenigue, which are the properties, that considerably make the tooling characteristic worse.
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Březina, R., J. Filípek, and J. Šenberger. "Application of ductile iron in the manufacture of ploughshares." Research in Agricultural Engineering 50, No. 2 (February 8, 2012): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4930-rae.

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The service life and reliability of machines for basic soil cultivation is mainly affected by abrasive wear. The working tools of these machines are mostly made of steel. The paper deals with the possibility of manufacturing ploughshares and reversible points of austempered ductile iron (ADI). The authors examine the abrasion resistance of ADI working tools and compare it with that of the material applied by a leading world manufacturer of ploughshares. Using an appropriate mode of the heat treatment of ADI, abrasion resistance comparable to that of the original tools can be obtained.
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Kochański, A., A. Krzyńska, and T. Radziszewski. "Highsilicone Austempered Ductile Iron." Archives of Foundry Engineering 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afe-2014-0013.

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Abstract Ductile iron casts with a higher silicone content were produced. The austempering process of high silicone ductile iron involving different austempering times was studied and the results presented. The results of metallographical observations and tensile strength tests were offered. The obtained results point to the fact that the silicone content which is considered as acceptable in the literature may in fact be exceeded. The issue is viewed as requiring further research
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Wervey, Brandon. "Carbidic Austempered Ductile Iron." International Journal of Metalcasting 9, no. 1 (January 2015): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03355605.

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Scully, John C. "Corrosion of ductile iron." Corrosion Science 27, no. 12 (January 1987): 1371–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-938x(87)90132-6.

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Lim, Bokkyu, and Young Woo Choi. "Effect of Semi Austempering Treatment on the Fatigue Properties of Ductile Cast Iron." Key Engineering Materials 345-346 (August 2007): 295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.345-346.295.

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Single phase bainite structure which is obtained by the conventional austempering treatment reduces the ductility of ductile cast iron. Because of the reduction of ductility it is possible to worsen the fatigue properties. Therefore, semi austempered ductile iron which is treated from +ϒ is prepared to investigate the static strength and fatigue properties in comparison with fully austempered ductile iron (is treated from ϒ). In spite of semi austempered ductile iron shows the 86% increase of ductility. Also, semi austempered ductile iron shows the higher fatigue limit and lower fatigue crack growth rate as compared with fully austempered ductile iron. By the fractographical analysis, it is revealed that the ferrite obtained by semi austempering process brings about the plastic deformation(ductile striation) of crack tip and gives the prior path of crack propagation. The relatively low crack growth rate in semi austempered specimen is caused by above fractographical reasons
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Zhang, Yu, Er Jun Guo, Li Ping Wang, Yi Cheng Feng, Si Cong Zhao, and Mei Hui Song. "Effect of Annealing Treatment on Microstructure, Mechanical and Damping Properties of Ductile Iron." Materials Science Forum 944 (January 2019): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.944.222.

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Ductile iron was prepared through Sandwich Process and annealing treatment was carried out. The effects of annealing treatment on the microstructure, mechanical and damping properties of ductile iron were studied by means of metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, universal test machine and dynamic thermal mechanical analyzer. The results show that annealing treatment has little effect on the morphology and distribution of graphite cast iron, but it will lead to the decrease of pearlite content in the matrix, the increase of ferrite content and the disappearance of cementite. Annealing transforms the fracture form of ductile iron from cleavage fracture to quasi-cleavage fracture, which greatly increases the ductile fracture area of the matrix compared with the as-cast, and tends to develop ductile fracture. The annealing treatment results in a decrease in the tensile strength of the ductile iron, but it can increase the plasticity and increase the elongation after fracture to 7.5 times that of the as-cast state. The damping value of as-cast ductile iron increases first and then decreases with the increase of temperature, and peaks at 190 °C when Q-1 is 0.025. The damping value of annealing ductile iron decreases with increasing temperature. The damping value increases with increasing strain amplitude before and after annealing. Annealing treatment will reduce the sensitivity of the damping property of ductile iron to strain amplitude.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ductile Iron"

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Boeri, Roberto Enrique. "The solidification of ductile cast iron." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30598.

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The microsegregation of Mn, Cu, Cr, Mo, Ni and Si has been measured in cast ductile iron and in ductile iron which has been quenched when partially solidified. Effective segregation coefficients have been determined for each of the elements, and used to calculate the segregation on the basis of the Scheil equation. The calculated values agree reasonably well with the values of the solute concentration as a function of the solid fraction measured in quenched samples. The microstructure of the solid phases during the solidification of ductile iron has been observed. Solidification of eutectic ductile iron begins with the independent nucleation of austenite and graphite in the melt. Later the graphite nodules are enveloped by austenite, and further solidification takes place by the thickening of the austenite layers enveloping the graphite. Isolated pockets of interdendritic melt are the last material to solidify. On the basis of the measured segregation of the different alloying elements, the mechanisms by which the segregation affects the microstructure are considered, and an explanation for the effect of segregation on the hardenability of ductile iron is proposed. A mathematical model of the solidification of eutectic ductile iron is formulated which includes heat flow, nucleation and growth of graphite nodules, and the segregation of Si. The model uses equilibrium temperatures given by the ternary Fe-C-Si equilibrium diagram. Using the mathematical model, cooling curves, nodule count and nodular size distribution are determined as a function of position in the casting sample. The results are compared to measured temperatures, nodule count and nodule size in rod castings of 12.5, 20 and 43mm radius. There is good agreement between the calculated and measured values for the 43mm radius rod, and not quite good agreement for the rods of smaller radii. The changes in solidification predicted by the model when some solidification parameters are varied are consistent with experimental observations with the same variation in the parameters.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Materials Engineering, Department of
Graduate
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James, Jocelyn S. "The microstructural modelling of austempered ductile iron camshafts." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/14359.

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Austempered ductile iron (AD!) is a material which is receiving increasing interest from the manufacturers of automotive components such as camshafts due to its superior mechanical properties, and in particular excellent wear resistance, compared with other grades of cast iron. ADI is produced from a spheroidal graphite casting using a two-stage heattreatment process. During the first stage of the heat-treatment the matrix is transformed to austenite, and then in the second austempering stage, some of the austenite is transformed to bainitic ferrite. The final microstructure is therefore complex, consisting of graphite, bainitic ferrite, austenite, carbides and possibly martensite. The major focus of this work has been to develop a novel method of predicting the effect of composition and heat-treatment parameters on the major constituents of the microstructure. This has resulted in a single model which can predict a 'microstructural map' of ADI and will assist the foundry industry in reducing lead times for component manufacture. The high temperature equilibrium between graphite and austenite was investigated using Gibbs free energy minimisation in conjunction with critically assessed thermodynamic data. Having established the carbon concentration in austenite at the start of the austempering process, the volume fraction of bainitic ferrite was established from prediction of the limiting carbon content for the diffusionless transformation. The kinetics of the bainite transformation were determined by making modifications to a model which was originally developed for low alloy steels. The predictions were compared with experimental data obtained, both during the course of this research and available in the literature, using dilatometric and X-ray diffraction techniques. The kinetics of the austenitisation were investigated through consideration of a diffusion couple between graphite and austenite. The degree of segregation and formation of primary carbides, in the original ductile iron casting, was calculated using a Scheil approach to solidification. The effect of this segregation was subsequently accounted for by making microstructural predictions on a number of individual 'shells' of material between two graphite nodules. Finally, complete microstructure predictions were compared with reported mechanical properties for a range of compositions and heat treatments of austempered ductile irons.
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Putman, Duncan Colin. "Modelling of microstructural evolution in austempered ductile iron." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2004. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/36092.

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Austempered ductile iron (ADI) has a microstructure consisting mainly of high carbon austenite, bainitic ferrite and graphite nodules, produced by a two stage austenitisation and austempering heat treatment. The resulting microstructure gives these materials a combination of high strength and toughness, making them attractive for a wide range of applications. To increase surface hardness, ductile iron alloys can also be cast into chilled moulds to induce carbide formation in the required areas of components. These chilled ductile iron alloys can also be subjected to austenitisation and austempering heat treatments, therefore further improving the mechanical properties of the components core, whilst retaining the hard carbides present in the surface layers. This work encompasses three main areas: two are concerned with the production of generic microstructure models, which work in conjunction with thermodynamic modelling software MTDATA; and one relates to high temperature X-ray diffraction experiments.
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Andersson, Sofia. "Study of Dross in Ductile Cast Iron Main Shafts." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-37148.

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The study of dross in ductile cast iron main shafts was performed at Global Castings Guldsmedshyttan AB and presented in this master thesis. The purpose of the study was to obtain answers to why dross defects were present in some of the foundry's casted main shafts, with the main problem located at the flange of the shaft. The chemical composition of the dross formations and which steps in the casting process that increased the dross formation were of interest. The study only included dross in main shafts manufactured at Global Castings Guldsmedshyttan AB. Dross particles form when elements such as Mg, Ca, Si and Mn react with O. These elements, which are highly reactive to O, are used in ductile cast irons to achieve the spheroidal graphite nodules that regulate the cast materials ductile properties. If a higher amount of dross particles has formed, the particles will start to cluster, resulting in a growing dross formation. Dross formations works as surface crack initiation points and reduces the castings fatigue strength and ductility. During the study it was seen that the cause of dross formations is a combination of many parameters increasing the melts exposure to O resulting in dross defects. The dross formations could be connected to worn out ladles, low melt temperatures, incorrect additions of Mg treatment, lack of an extra slag removal station and finally turbulence as the melt were poured into the mould. At Global Castings Guldsmedshyttan AB a greater part of the main shafts containing dross defects were a result of worn out ladles and low melt temperatures. The types of dross found in the main shaft material were mainly Mg, Ca, Si and Al which had reacted with O. S bonded with Mg and Ca was also detected in the dross formations. It was shown that the dross particles could be derived from charge material, Mg treatment and inoculation. To avoid dross defects the first step would be to set up an extra slag station, shorten the interval of maintenance of the ladles and to better adjust the melt temperature to the condition of the specific ladle. To minimize dross due to excess Mg a better controlled process would be recommended with an increased number of monitored manufacturing parameters.
Studien av dross i axlar tillverkade av segjärn gjordes hos Global Castings Guldsmedshyttan AB och presenteras i denna examensrapport. Syftet med studien var att hitta anledningar till varför drossdefekter bildas i flänsen på vissa av gjuteriets tillverkade axlar. Drossens kemiska komposition likväl de steg i tillverkningsprocessen som inverkade på drossbildning var av intresse. Studien inkluderade endast drossdefekter i axlar tillverkade av Global Castings Guldsmedshyttan AB. Drosspartiklas bildas när till exempel Mg, Ca, Si och Mg reagerar med O. Dessa ämnen, vilka är väldigt reaktiva med syre, används vid framställning av segjärn för att de sfäriska grafitnodulerna som starkt reglerar materialets duktila egenskaper ska bildas. Ett större antal drosspartiklar i en smälta leder till kluster av dross vilka växer i takt med att nya partiklar bildas. Dross fungerar som sprickinitieringspunkter i gjutgodsytor och reducerar godsets utmattningshållfasthet och duktilitet.   Under studien kunde det ses att dross bildas på grund av en kombination av parametrar som ökar smältans exponering av syre vilket resulterar i drossdefekter. Drossdefekter kunde kopplas till slitna skänkar, låga smälttemperaturer, felaktig mängd magnesiumbehandling, brist på en extra slaggstation och slutligen turbulens när smätan hälls i formen. Hos Global Castings Guldsmedshyttan AB är en stor del av axlarna med drossdefekter ett resultat av framför allt slitna skänkar och låga smälttemperaturer. Vid analys sågs det att ett antal olika typer av drosspartiklar kan bildas i det duktila gjutjärn som används till axlarna; främst Mg, Ca, Si och Al som reagerat med O. Mg och Ca som bundit med S kunde också hittas i vissa av de studerade drossformationerna. Det kunde visas att den kemiska kompositionen i drosspartiklarna var härrörande från grundmaterialet, magnesiumbehandlingen och ympmedlet.  Ett första steg Global Castings Guldsmedshyttan AB skulle kunna ta för att undvika drossdefekter är att ha en extra slaggstation, införa tätare underhåll av skänkarna och bättre anpassa smälttemperaturen till skicket på den specifika skänken. För att minimera dross som bildats på grund av ett överskott av Mg skulle en mer kontrollerad process rekommenderas med ett ökat antal bevakade tillverkningsparametrar.
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Cheng, Chu-Lin. "Permeation of organic compounds through ductile iron pipe gaskets." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3369820.

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Zambrano, Habib. "Fatigue Assessment of Notches and Cracks in Ductile Cast Iron." Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for produktutvikling og materialer, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14632.

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The steadily increasing use of ductile cast iron and the necessity for building larger cast components present new challenges to the designers. In despite of large cast components are designed adhered to standards, unexpected failure sometime occurs. One reason is the inevitable manufacturing defects containing within the cast components that behave like cracks under cyclic loading. In addition the probability of a large defect to be situated at a critical region of the component increases with the size. Another reason is the effect of geometric discontinuities such as holes, threads and fillets, which are part unavoidable of the designs. These discontinuities that are usually called notches disturb the stress field and cause high local stress concentration. Thus dealing with these severe stress risers (defects and notches) is not an easy task. Therefore most designers resort to use very high and unnecessary safety factors.
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Kasvayee, Keivan Amiri. "Microstructure and deformation behaviour of ductile iron under tensile loading." Licentiate thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH. Forskningsmiljö Material och tillverkning – Gjutning, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-28335.

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The current thesis focuses on the deformation behaviour and strain distribution in the microstructure of ductile iron during tensile loading. Utilizing Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and in-situ tensile test under optical microscope, a method was developed to measure high resolution strain in microstructural constitutes. In this method, a pit etching procedure was applied to generate a random speckle pattern for DIC measurement. The method was validated by benchmarking the measured properties with the material’s standard properties. Using DIC, strain maps in the microstructure of the ductile iron were measured, which showed a high level of heterogeneity even during elastic deformation. The early micro-cracks were initiated around graphite particles, where the highest amount of local strain was detected. Local strain at the onset of the micro-cracks were measured. It was observed that the micro-cracks were initiated above a threshold strain level, but with a large variation in the overall strain. A continuum Finite Element (FE) model containing a physical length scale was developed to predict strain on the microstructure of ductile iron. The materials parameters for this model were calculated by optimization, utilizing Ramberg-Osgood equation. For benchmarking, the predicted strain maps were compared to the strain maps measured by DIC, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The DIC and simulation strain maps conformed to a large extent resulting in the validation of the model in micro-scale level. Furthermore, the results obtained from the in-situ tensile test were compared to a FE-model which compromised cohesive elements to enable cracking. The stress-strain curve prediction of the FE simulation showed a good agreement with the stress-strain curve that was measured from the experiment. The cohesive model was able to accurately capture the main trends of microscale deformation such as localized elastic and plastic deformation and micro-crack initiation and propagation.
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Fordyce, E. P. "The unlubricated sliding wear behaviour of austempered ductile irons." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21955.

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Bibliography: pages 85-89.
A study has been made of the unlubricated sliding wear behaviour of austempered ductile irons under conditions of sliding velocity and load. The load was varied between 0.9 and 2.8 MPa, whilst the sliding velocity range was between 0.5 and 2.0 ms⁻¹. Two commercial grades of spheroidal graphite irons, SG42 and SG60 were austempered between 250⁰C and 400⁰C. A distinction in the wear behaviour was found with metallic type wear dominating at the lower sliding velocities and an oxidative type wear being evident at the higher sliding velocities. It was however found that an increase in the load resulted in an earlier onset of the oxidative type wear regime, for a specific sliding velocity. On austempering these spheroidal graphite irons the mechanical properties as well as the sliding wear resistance increased dramatically. Furthermore, the austempered irons' outperformed a series of steels of much higher hardness by factors between 2 and 28 times under the same conditions. At the lower velocity of testing the outstanding wear resistance is attributed to the austempered iron's unique microstructure of acicular ferrite and retained austenite and a partial transformation of austenite to martensite. However, at the higher sliding velocity the exceptional wear resistance is derived from a development of an tribologically protective oxide film together with the formation of a hardened white layer. The development of the work hardened layer is linked to the high carbon in the matrix of these irons. The work hardened layer leads to a similar wear rate prevailing for all irons austempered from a specific parent iron. The synergism of variation in load, sliding velocity and wear counterface together with the effect of initial microstructure has been explain in terms of simple wear models.
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Zahiri, Saden H. (Saden Heshmatollah) 1966. "Prediction of the processing window and austemperability for austempered ductile iron." Monash University, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, 2002. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8408.

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Hoffman, John Mark. "Zinc coatings for the external protection of ductile iron water mains." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.279981.

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Books on the topic "Ductile Iron"

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Huh, Y. J. Austempering of ductile iron. Manchester: UMIST, 1990.

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Lerner, Yury S. Modern casting of ductile iron. Schaumburg, Ill: American Foundry Society, 2006.

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Bachelot, François. Inoculation mechanisms of ductile iron. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1997.

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Association, American Water Works, ed. Ductile-iron pipe and fittings. 3rd ed. Denver, CO: American Water Works Association, 2009.

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Dorazil, Eduard. High strength austempered ductile cast iron. 2nd ed. Prague: Academia, 1991.

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Dorazil, E. High strength austempered ductile cast iron. New York: Ellis Horwood, 1991.

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Chia-Ming, Uang, and Whittaker Andrew Stuart, eds. Ductile design of steel structures. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1998.

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Ductile Iron Pipe Research Association (U.S.). Thrust restraint design for ductile iron pipe. 4th ed. Birmingham, Ala. (245 Riverchase Pkwy. East, Suite O, Birmingham 35244): Ductile Iron Pipe Research Association, 1997.

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Rajani, Balvant. Long-term performance of ductile iron pipes. Denver, Colo: Water Research Foundation, 2011.

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Chia-Ming, Uang, and Whittaker Andrew (Andrew Stuart), eds. Ductile design of steel structures. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ductile Iron"

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Kobayashi, Toshiro. "Ductile Cast Iron." In Strength and Toughness of Materials, 89–110. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-53973-5_5.

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Grzesik, Wit. "Machining of Spheroidal Ductile Iron." In CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, 1–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35950-7_16680-3.

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Grzesik, Wit. "Machining of Spheroidal Ductile Iron." In CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, 802–15. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20617-7_16680.

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Grzesik, Wit. "Machining of Spheroidal Ductile Iron." In CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering, 1103–17. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53120-4_16680.

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Pero-Sanz Elorz, José Antonio, Daniel Fernández González, and Luis Felipe Verdeja. "Spheroidal Graphite Cast Irons (or Ductile Cast Iron)." In Physical Metallurgy of Cast Irons, 105–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97313-5_7.

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Raghavendra, J. V., and K. Narasimha Murthy. "Fracture Studies of Austempered Ductile Iron." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 205–18. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2086-7_18.

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Lekakh, Simon N. "Analysis of Heterogeneous Nucleation in Ductile Iron." In Shape Casting: 5th International Symposium 2014, 121–28. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118888100.ch15.

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Lekakh, Simon N. "Analysis of Heterogeneous Nucleation in Ductile Iron." In Shape Casting: 5th International Symposium 2014, 121–28. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48130-2_15.

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Górny, Marcin. "General Characteristic of the Ductile and Compacted Graphite Cast Iron." In Microstructure and Properties of Ductile Iron and Compacted Graphite Iron Castings, 109–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14583-9_6.

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Li, Chun-Qing, and Wei Yang. "Corrosion impact on mechanical properties of cast iron and ductile iron." In Steel Corrosion and Degradation of its Mechanical Properties, 89–133. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003119791-4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ductile Iron"

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Druschitz, Alan P., and Steve Thelen. "Induction Hardened Ductile Iron Camshafts." In SAE 2002 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-0918.

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Gaston, Maury D. "Zinc-Coated Ductile Iron Pipe." In Pipelines 2016. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479957.022.

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Szeliga, Michael J., and Debra M. Simpson. "Evaluating Ductile Iron Pipe Corrosion." In Pipeline Engineering and Construction International Conference 2003. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40690(2003)25.

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Guesser, Wilson Luiz, Fabio Koda, Jairo Alberto Blanco Martinez, and Carlos Henrique da Silva. "Austempered Ductile Iron for Gears." In 21st SAE Brasil International Congress and Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2012-36-0305.

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Chuzhoy, L., R. E. DeVor, S. G. Kapoor, and D. J. Bammann. "Microstructure-Level Modeling of Ductile Iron Machining." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/med-23314.

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Abstract A microstructure-level model for simulation of machining of cast irons using the finite element method is presented. The model explicitly combines ferritic and pearlitic grains with graphite nodules to produce the ductile iron structure. The behaviors of pearlite, ferrite, and graphite are captured individually using an internal state variable model for the material model. The behavior of each phase is dependent on strain, strain rate, temperature, and amount of damage. Extensive experimentation was conducted to characterize material strain rate and temperature dependency of both ferrite and pearlite. The model is applied to orthogonal machining of ductile iron. The simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of successfully capturing influence of microstructure on machinability and part performance. The stress, strain, temperature, and damage results obtained from the model are found to correlate well with experimental results found in the literature. Furthermore, the model is capable of handling various microstructures in other heterogeneous materials such as steels.
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Blount, Joshua. "How to Identify Cast Iron and Ductile Iron Pipe." In Pipelines 2022. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784484289.026.

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O'Rourke, Robert F. "Why Not Convert to Ductile Iron?" In International Off-Highway & Powerplant Congress. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-1451.

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Szeliga, Michael J. "Ductile Iron Corrosion Theories and Science." In Pipelines Conference 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412480.003.

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Crabtree, Daniel W., Mark R. Breslin, Johnnie A. Terrazas, Chris Sordelet, and John Van Deusen. "Assessing Polyethylene Encased Ductile Iron Pipelines." In International Conference on Pipeline Engineering and Construction. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40934(252)95.

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Neyhouse, Jeffrey R., Jose M. Aurrecoechea, J. Preston Montague, and John D. Lilley. "Cast Iron-Nickel Alloy for Industrial Gas Turbine Engine Applications." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68837.

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Austenitic ductile iron castings have traditionally been used for gas turbine exhaust components that require castability, good machinability, low thermal expansion, and high strength at elevated temperatures. The achievement of optimum properties in austenitic ductile irons hinges on the ability of the foundry to produce nodular graphite in the microstructure throughout the component. In large, complex components, consistently producing nodular graphite is challenging. A high-nickel steel alloy that is suitable for sand castings has been recently developed for industrial gas turbine engine applications. The alloy exhibits similar mechanical and physical properties to austenitic ductile irons, but with improved processability and ductility. This alloy is weldable and exhibits no secondary graphite phase. This paper presents the results of a characterization program conducted on a 35% nickel, high-alloy steel. The results are compared with an austenitic ductile iron of similar composition. Tensile and creep properties from ambient temperature to 760°C (1400°F) are included, along with fabrication experience gained during the manufacture of several sand cast components at Solar Turbines Incorporated. The alloy has been successfully adopted for gas turbine exhaust system components and other applications where austenitic ductile irons have traditionally been utilized. The low carbon content of austenitic steels permits improved weldabilty and processing characteristics over austenitic ductile irons. The enhancements provided by the alloy indicate that additional applications, as both austenitic ductile iron replacements and new components, will arise in the future.
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Reports on the topic "Ductile Iron"

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Springer, H. Microstructural Characterization of Nodular Ductile Iron. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1034481.

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Springer, H. Mechanical Characterization of Nodular Ductile Iron. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1034483.

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Casad, Charles, Ivery Chambliss, William Thomas, and Bill Twomey. Cast Ductile Iron 155mm M804 Bodies. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada224196.

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Shipilov, Sergei A., Kinga A. Unocic, and Bruce A. Pint. Evaluation of Zinc-Coated Ductile Iron Pipe. Test accounts, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1329775.

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Salzbrenner, R. J. Tensile behavior of ferritic ductile cast iron. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5760712.

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Jun, Jiheon, Kinga A. Unocic, Margarita V. Petrova, Sergei A. Shipilov, Thomaz M. Carvalhaes, Gautam Thakur, Jesse O. Piburn, and Bruce A. Pint. Methodologies for Evaluation of Corrosion Protection for Ductile Iron Pipe. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1528741.

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Fleischman, E. H., H. Li, R. Griffin, C. E. Bates, and E. Eleftheriou. Production and Machining of Thin Wall Gray and Ductile Cast Iron. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/769201.

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Charles Bates, Hanjun Li, and Robin Griffin. Machinable, Thin-Walled, Gray and Ductile Iron Casting Production, Phase III. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/820535.

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Bates, C. E., H. E. Littleton, E. Eleftheriou, R. D. Griffin, Z. B. Dwyer, C. DelSorbo, and J. Sprague. Machinability of clean thin-wall gray and ductile iron castings. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/514913.

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Balliett, Timothy D. Investigation of Cast Austempered Ductile Iron (CADI) Trackshoes in T- 158 Configuration. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada262436.

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