Academic literature on the topic 'Dump truck'

The paper substantiates the need to create an autonomous dump truck control system. The scope of the unmanned mining dump truck is described. An example of the layout of the general scheme of an autonomous dump truck with control system basic elements is given, as well as some differences from the dump trucks with traditional control system are presented. The levels of automation of autonomous dump truck are formed. The enlarged tasks that need to be addressed when creating a control system for autonomous mining dump truck are highlighted. The general structure of a multi-level control system for autonomous dump truck was developed. The upper, middle and lower levels of the control system are described. The summation is drawn on the relevance of developing scientifically based approaches for creating control systems for autonomous mining truck, as well as developing mathematical models and algorithms for controlling autonomous mining trucks. The main directions for further research are identified. They are the development of requirements for a dump truck control system; the development of the structure of mathematical models and algorithms for the operation of subsystems of the dump truck control; the development of software that allows simulating the interaction of the subsystems of the dump truck control system with each other, the Smart Quarry system and the operator.

Dumping is one of the main unit operations of mining. Notwithstanding a long history of using large rear dump trucks in mining, little knowledge exists on the cascading behavior of the run-of-mine material during and after dumping. In order to better investigate this behavior, a method for generating high fidelity models (HFMs) of dump profiles was devised and investigated. This method involved using unmanned aerial vehicles with mounted cameras to generate photogrammetric models of dumps. Twenty-eight dump profiles were created from twenty-three drone flights. Their characteristics were presented and summarized. Four types of dump profiles were observed to exist. Factors that influence the determination of these profiles include the location of the truck relative to the dump crest, the movement of the underlying dump material during the dumping process and the differences in the dump profile prior to dumping. The HFMs created in this study could possibly be used for calibrating computer simulations of dumps to better match reality.

The article substantiates the quantity and type of tire size for a dump truck with a carrying capacity from 90 to 130 tons. Types of tire sizes for dump trucks are given, as well as an analysis of applicable tires for dump trucks. An example of tire configuration for a dump truck is described, as well as the differences between projects and dump trucks with the traditional arrangement of large tires. The working productivity of large tires was cal- culated using the TKH “tons per kilometer per hour” technique. The general tasks that need to be addressed when designing a dump truck are highlighted. The conclusion is made on the relevance of the development of scientifically based approaches when designing dump trucks. The above data indicate that when surface mining, it is possible to solve the economic problem of reduc- ing the operating costs of transporting minerals by applying the proposed arrangement and number of large tires when designing new dump trucks, including robotic and unmanned ones.

Since the beginning of the civilization emergence, people began to use the minerals extraction on the surface of the Earth and the rock mass transportation. One of the main tasks of the mining industry is the transportation of an increasing rock mass amount from the quarry, which has caused the need to increase the power and carrying capacity of mining dump trucks. Today, we can assume that the revolutionary period of increasing the carrying capacity in the creation of heavy-duty dump trucks is over. Further improvement of the designs of frame dump trucks is impractical. To create super-powerful dump trucks capable of efficiently transporting rock mass from deep horizons, fundamentally different designs of machines and power plants are needed. The most important requirement for promising machines is to minimize the negative impact on the environment. In its development, mining vehicles have come a long way: a hand wheelbarrow - a horse cart - a truck - a diesel mining dump truck - a diesel-electric mining dump truck - an electric mining dump truck - an unmanned electric mining dump truck. According to the law of the transition from quantity to quality, it can be assumed that the period of increasing the carrying capacity of mining dump trucks has ended (quantitative changes), and a new period of qualitative changes begins (the development of new types of mining transport, an increase in the specific capacity of a power plant, the use of other energy carriers, etc.). An important area is the use of artificial intelligence: robotic dump trucks, self-diagnostic systems, etc. The main requirement for promising machines is to reduce the cost of transporting rock mass and a minimum negative impact on the environment.

The method proposed in the article is based on the mathematical apparatus for quantitative assessment of the reliability of majority schemes of structural redundancy of transport processes, which provide the availability and usage of several backup delivery channels in the transport process in case of any malfunction. The principle of multi-channel haulage is commonly used in quarries for transportation of overburden and minerals from benches by dump trucks, when excavators and dump trucks performing cyclic operations function as a single excavator-dump truck complex. This pattern of work significantly increases the likelihood of fulfilling the daily plan for transporting rock mass due to the redistribution of dump trucks between mining and overburden excavators in the event of failure of one or more units of mining and handling equipment.The reliability of excavator-dump truck complexes is assessed in three stages: initial data collection for mathematical modeling of excavator-dump truck complex performance; solving the problem of optimizing the distribution of dump trucks between excavators, ensuring maximum productivity of the excavator-dump truck complex; assessment of the reliability of its work depending on the probability of fulfilling the daily plan for the transportation of rock mass.The proposed method is implemented as part of a computer program and makes it possible to automate the operational management of the process of transporting rock mass in a quarry using a mobile application. The developed guidelines can be used for any quarries with automobile transport, regardless of the type of mineral extracted, the mining method, the loading pattern, the capacity of the excavation and loading equipment fleet, and the capacity of operated dump trucks.

Collected a large number of data from 2003to 2011 of maintenance cost for mining dump truck, established the mathematical models of maintenance cost and forecast of economic life of mining dump truck through the method of mathematical statistics regression analysis, found the rule of operation, maintenance cost overhaul and renew, forecasted the economic life of mining dump truck scientifically for 11 years, according to the economic principle of overhaul , judged whether need third overhaul and provided a basis for evaluating the economic life of domestic mine use electric wheel trucks.

Pengaruh utama pada kegiatan pengangkutan menggunakan dump truck adalah kondisi jalan, kondisi peralatan dan cuaca. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan analisis hubungan antara CBR, rolling resistance dan daya dukung tanah terhadap kecepatan dump truck dengan pendekatan model matematika berdasarkan metode regresi linier. Kecepatan dump truck dinyatakan sebagai variabel terikat (Y). CBR, rolling resistance, dan daya dukung tanah dinyatakan sebagai variabel bebas (X). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, rolling resistance mempunyai pengaruh negatif terhadap kecepatan dump truck. Kecepatan dump truck akan berkurang sebanyak 0,13 – 0,14 km/jam dengan naiknya nilai rolling resistance sebesar 10 lbs. CBR dan daya dukung tanah berpengaruh positif terhadap kecepatan dump truck. Kenaikan nilai CBR sebesar 5 % dan kenaikan nilai daya dukung tanah sebesar 0,34 kg/cm2 akan meningkatkan kecepatan dump truck 0,48 – 0,66 km/jam. Agar kecepatan dump truck dapat menigkat, nilai minimum CBR dari jalan angkut adalah 15 % dan nilai daya dukung tanah sebesar 6,79 kg/cm2 dengan maksimum nilai rolling resistance 40 lbs.

The parameters of the BelAZ-75131 heavy dump truck im- proved model using gas-diesel mixture are given in the paper. The moni- toring analysis of the conditions and operation indicators of BelAZ-75131 heavy dump truck using diesel and gaseous fuels is done. Numerical and percentage values of the replacement of diesel fuel with liquefied natural gas when transporting exploded rock mass are determined; the volume of diesel fuel and liquefied natural gas consumption has been established. The analytical dependence to calculate the cost per unit of energy during trans- portation by mining dump trucks with gas equipment is determined. The energy estimation of diesel and gas-diesel mining dump trucks operation is given.

Transportation system is an important part of the municipal solid waste management system, and also requires substantial investment and operational costs after the landfill. The further of the service route and the more the number of trucks ritation then the greater the operational costs to be incurred. Transportation system in the research location uses two methods, namely Hauled Container System/HCS (4 units) and Stationary Container System/SCS (19 units), each with 6 m³ capacity. Armroll truck activity analysis found that one time ritation takes an average of 2.72 hours and the average amount of ritation is 3 rit / day. The operational cost required for the armroll truck is 13.433.68 IDR / m³ / day. The result of dump truck activity analysis obtained the average time in one ritation is 4.77 hours, with the amount of ritation of 2 rit / day. Operating cost for dump truck is 25.400.1 IDR / m³ / day so HCS method with armroll truck is more effective than SCS method with dump truck, although the number of units is less in the research location, this is due to the investment cost of the carosery which is slightly larger than the dump truck.

PT LDA adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dalam jasa penambangan yang merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bisnis kontraktor. Kebutuhan terbesar dalam menunjang kegiatan penambangan adalah peralatan mekanis. Penggunaan bahan bakar yang berlebihan dapat berpengaruh terhadap keuntungan perusahaan. Perbandingan antara konsumsi bahan bakar dengan produktivitas disebut fuel ratio. Apabila fuel ratio actual lebih kecil dari fuel ratio plan maka perusahaan akan mendapat keuntungan begitu juga sebaliknya. Realisasi produktivitas pada bulan Maret untuk unit articulated dump truck Volvo A35E sebesar 69,225 BCM/jam dengan konsumsi bahan bakar 26,09 liter/jam dan untuk realisasi unit articulated dump truck Volvo A40G sebesar 75,780 BCM/jam dengan konsumsi bahan bakar 25,46 liter/jam. Sedangkan realisasi produktivitas pada bulan April untuk unit articulated dump truck Volvo A35E sebesar 60,197 BCM/jam dengan konsumsi bahan bakar 26,35 liter/jam dan untuk realisasi unit articulated dump truck Volvo A40G sebesar 64,764 BCM/jam dengan konsumsi bahan bakar 25,51 liter/jam. Pada bulan Maret fuel ratio plan untuk unit articulated dump truck Volvo A35E sebesar 0,327 liter/BCM sedangkan fuel ratio actual sebesar 0,376 liter/BCM dan fuel ratio plan untuk unit articulated dump truck Volvo A40G sebesar 0,294 liter/BCM sedangkan fuel ratio actual sebesar 0,335 liter/BCM. Pada bulan April fuel ratio plan untuk unit articulated dump truck Volvo A35E sebesar 0,366 liter/BCM sedangkan fuel ratio actual sebesar 0,437 dan fuel ratio plan untuk unit articulated dump truck Volvo A40G sebesar 0,329 liter/BCM sedangkan fuel ratio actual sebesar 0,393 liter/BCM. Karena fuel ratio actual lebih besar dari fuel ratio plan menunjukan kerugian yang dialami perusahaan. Kerugian yang dikeluarkan oleh PT Langgeng Daya Agrindo pada bulan Maret untuk unit articulated dump truck Volvo A35E sebesar Rp66.246.248,25 rupiah/bulan dan untuk unit articulated dump truck Volvo A40G kerugiannya sebesar Rp62.356.633,92 rupiah/bulan sedangkan pada bulan April untuk unit articulated dump truck Volvo A35E sebesar Rp63.806.893,69 rupiah/bulan dan untuk unit articulated dump truck Volvo A40G sebesar Rp72.985.401,21 rupiah/bulan.