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Journal articles on the topic 'Dunckers The Candle Problem'
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1
Greene, Terry R., and Helga Noice. "Influence of Positive Affect upon Creative Thinking and Problem Solving in Children." Psychological Reports 63, no. 3 (December 1988): 895–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.63.3.895.
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A study was designed to assess whether positive affect may promote creativity and facilitate problem solving of children. The task used to measure creativity involved word generation. Subjects were presented a category name and asked to generate as many exemplars as possible. Duncker's (1945) candle task was used to assess problem-solving skills. Eighth grade students were randomly assigned to the Positive Affect or Neutral condition. A positive mood was induced in subjects in the Positive Affect condition by presenting compliments and gifts before the experimental session began. Subjects in the Neutral condition began the experiment without compliments or gifts. Subjects in the Positive Affect condition generated more exemplars for the categories and more unusual exemplars than did subjects in the Neutral condition. More subjects in the Positive Affect condition correctly solved the candle problem than did those in the Neutral condition. These results suggest that positive affect may promote creativity and facilitate problem solving by young adolescents.
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Potera, Carol. "Lead. The Core of the Candle Problem." Environmental Health Perspectives 108, no. 4 (April 2000): A165. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3454331.
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Seifritz, W. "The boundary problem in the 1D-CANDLE burn-up reactor." Kerntechnik 75, no. 1-2 (March 2010): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/124.110055.
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Liao, Qiu Lin, Gen Li, and Shou Yun Shen. "Study on the Design of Wetland Based on Hydrodynamic Condition - A Case of Candle Lake Wetland at Qingxiu Mountain Scenic Spot in Nanning City." Applied Mechanics and Materials 723 (January 2015): 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.723.150.
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Candle Lake wetland at Qingxiu Mountain scenic spot is one of the most important parts of the 'China Water Town' program in Nanning city. In order to figure out the scientific rationality of the situation and design of wetland system, five pilot programs are set up based on flow velocity of three inlets, quantity and position of five outlets and the shape of center island to simulate the flow field and velocity of Candle Lake wetland by using two-dimensional numeral simulation. The results indicated that as follows: 1. The flow field and velocity of Candle Lake wetland can't be improved by increasing the velocity of inlets in the wetland system, so that the problem of large standing water can’t be solved. 2. The flow field and velocity of Candle Lake wetland are influenced by the position and quantity of outlets, especially the outlet 2, outlet 4 and outlet 5, which can improve the flow field and velocity effectively. 3. The flow field and velocity of Candle Lake wetland are also influenced by the shape of shoreline. Optimizing shoreline of Chengxiang Island can improve the flow field and velocity of Candle Lake wetland near the island very well. The flow field and slow velocity of Candle Lake wetland can be improved effectively by the optimizing shape of the Chengxiang Island and the position of outlet 4 and outlet 5, and the problems of large standing water and circulation can be solved very well.
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Medoff, Steven M., Michael S. Register, and Mark W. Swartwout. "A framework for design verification and evaluation systems." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 3, no. 2 (May 1989): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400001128.
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Although current efforts have indicated the need for design verification and evaluation systems, little has been done to develop knowledge representation systems for implementing this class of expert systems. In this paper, we describe CANDLE, a knowledge representation system built to solve design verification and evaluation problems. We define the class of design verification and evaluation systems and the functionality required of knowledge representation systems used to develop these systems. We present an example design verification and evaluation problem, illustrating how this problem imposes these functionality requirements on the knowledge representation system used. In the remainder of the paper we discuss CANDLE, a knowledge representation system created to develop design verification and evaluation systems. We show that CANDLE meets the knowledge representation requirements for this class of systems. We also present some of CANDLE'S functionality that exceeds the defined knowledge representation requirements and provides a knowledge engineer with the capability to expand the functionality of a design verification and evaluation system.
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Fleck, Jessica I., and Robert W. Weisberg. "The use of verbal protocols as data: An analysis of insight in the candle problem." Memory & Cognition 32, no. 6 (September 2004): 990–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03196876.
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Chen, Xue Jun, and Feng Dong. "A Fire Detecting Method for Video-Based Fire Detector." Advanced Materials Research 850-851 (December 2013): 537–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.850-851.537.
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Video-based fire detector is one of fire detecting methods. A key problem of video-based fire detector is to accurately recognize a fire and estimate the fire centroid. Then a fire detecting method based on Otsu and Canny algorithm was proposed for a video-based fire detector which was developed our latest work. Moreover, a candle flame and lighter flame were introduced to do fire detecting test to evaluate the proposed method. Experimental results showed that the method could well recognize the flame.
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Bertenshaw, DR. "The standardisation of light and photometry – A historical review." Lighting Research & Technology 52, no. 7 (April 6, 2020): 816–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477153520904755.
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This paper investigates the technological challenges and solutions to defining a reproducible standard for light together with its measurement, from the 18th to 21st century. The arrival and subsequent need to quantify gas lighting led to development of improved measurement methods, which in turn demanded more reliable standards of light, evolving from candle and flame standards to incandescence, and eventually the current radiometric definition. The progression is similarly traced from the plethora of early comparative visual photometry methods through to modern semiconductor instrumentation. The problem of heterochromatic photometry is also examined.
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Marfu'ah, Evia. "Case Report: Worm Infection in Children." Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer) 1, no. 2 (March 12, 2018): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.33891.
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........The problem in this case was not about medical treatment of a pinworm disease, which was probably easily treated with antihelmintic within 1-2 days. At a glance this problem seems trivial, however, the interesting and challenging aspects of the above case are: 1) How to maintain the sustainability of clean and healthy life behavior by patients and their families, so the risk of worm infection does not occur in the future; 2) Behavior and use of latrines in the family where only 1 exists for all family members, to be healthy and regularly managed; and 3) How to educate the mother of the patient that this worm infection can occur in an outbreak, if the healthy lifestyle is not properly done while she keeps selling candle ice for elementary school children near their home........
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Ciardullo, Robin. "The Planetary Nebula Luminosity Function and its Issues." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, A29B (August 2015): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174392131600435x.
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AbstractThe bright-end cutoff of the [O III] λ5007 planetary nebula luminosity function (PNLF) is insensitive to population age and metallicity, making it an excellent extragalactic standard candle. We review our knowledge of the function and discuss the challenges related to modeling it. We show that, while there has been a great deal of progress in understanding the nuances of its shape, there is still no solid theory which explains the luminosity of the PNLF cutoff in old stellar populations. This is an extremely serious problem, as it affects a myriad of astrophysical issues, from the determination of the stellar masses of galaxies to our understanding of alternative channels of stellar evolution.
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Astuti, Amalia Yuli, Utaminingsih Linarti, and Gita Indah Budiarti. "PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH MINYAK JELANTAH MENJADI LILIN AROMATERAPI DI BANK SAMPAH LINTAS WINONGO, KELURAHAN BUMIJO, KECAMATAN JETIS, KOTA YOGYAKARTA." SPEKTA (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat : Teknologi dan Aplikasi) 2, no. 1 (June 11, 2021): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/spekta.v2i1.3701.
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Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) is the waste that came from household. WCO become a threat to community because it will come back to food chains again as residual bulk oil that have cheaper price than branded cooking oil. Lintas Winongo Waste Bank in Bumijo, Jetis, Yogyakarta City are trying to manage the waste cooking oil into recycled products. One of their products is aromatherapy candles. However, they had problem to produce the candles and sell it. They also faced problem about the odor of candle that came from WCO as raw material. The purpose of community service were to provide knowledge and skills to produce aromatherapy candles and to calculate the Cost of Goods Sold (CoGS). The methods in this activity were carried out in two stage. The first activity has organized by training and assistance in producing aromatherapy candles that mixed WCO and other ingredients. The second activity focused in calculating CoGS of candles. The results from these community service activities were increased knowledge and skills about producing aromatherapy candles. There were also increased knowledge about manage CoGS of their products
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Gill, Richard T., Christine Barbera, and Terrence Precht. "A Comparative Evaluation of Warning Label Designs." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31, no. 4 (September 1987): 476–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128703100420.
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The objective of this research was to compare the effectiveness of different warning label designs. Three different warning label designs for a portable electric heater were tested: (1) a traditional non-human factored label; (2) a color-coded “ski pass” label attached near the male end of the electric cord; and (3) a color-coded “interactive” label that required the user to interact with the label in order to use the heater. Subjects were informed that they were participating in a problem-solving experiment. Their task was to devise a system, meeting various constraints, to melt a votive candle in a cup. Several potential heat sources were available including an unsafe heater and extension cord combination. The results showed that the interactive design was most effective in attracting the users' attention, but none of them were effective in mediating safe user behavior.
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Dolgikh, M. A., M. A. Bolkov, I. A. Tuzankina, N. G. Sarkisyan, and N. A. Hovsepyan. "Oral manifestations of primary immunodeficiencies." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 18, no. 3 (October 27, 2019): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2019-3-144-154.
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To understand the current state of the issue of dental manifestations of primary immunodeficiencies, foreign literature on the problem has been analyzed. The article describes the dental manifestations of many primary immunodeficiencies, which can be both secondary and major symptoms. The article presents the data on the following syndromes: severe combined immunodeficiency, hyper IgE, Wiskott – Aldrich, DiGeorge, deficiency of STIM1 and ORAI1, NEMO deficiency and IκBα deficiency, common variable immunodeficiency, X-linked agammaglobulinemia, hyper IgM, selective IgA deficiency, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1, Chediak – Higashi syndrome, CD70 deficiency, severe congenital neutropenia syndromes, leukocyte adhesion deficiency, localized aggressive periodontitis, Papillon – Lefevre syndrome, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, Marshall syndrome, hyper IgD syndrome, Aicardi – Goutières syndrome type 7, cherubism syndrome, CANDLE (chronic atypical neutrophilic dermatosis with lipodystrophy and elevated temperature), PAPA (pyogenic arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum and acne), chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, periodontal Ehlers – Danlos syndrome, and C1 inhibitor deficiency. The role of secretory immunoglobulins of salivary fluid is described.
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Yuan, Yuyu, Wen Wen, and Jincui Yang. "Using Data Augmentation Based Reinforcement Learning for Daily Stock Trading." Electronics 9, no. 9 (August 27, 2020): 1384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9091384.
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In algorithmic trading, adequate training data set is key to making profits. However, stock trading data in units of a day can not meet the great demand for reinforcement learning. To address this problem, we proposed a framework named data augmentation based reinforcement learning (DARL) which uses minute-candle data (open, high, low, close) to train the agent. The agent is then used to guide daily stock trading. In this way, we can increase the instances of data available for training in hundreds of folds, which can substantially improve the reinforcement learning effect. But not all stocks are suitable for this kind of trading. Therefore, we propose an access mechanism based on skewness and kurtosis to select stocks that can be traded properly using this algorithm. In our experiment, we find proximal policy optimization (PPO) is the most stable algorithm to achieve high risk-adjusted returns. Deep Q-learning (DQN) and soft actor critic (SAC) can beat the market in Sharp Ratio.
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Zhang, Biao, Chen Wang, Yudong Liu, Chuanlong Xu, and Qi Qi. "Reconstruction of 3D Temperature Profile of Radiative Participatory Flame Based on Digital Refocusing Technique of Light Field Camera." International Journal of Photoenergy 2019 (December 3, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6342808.
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Accurate and reliable measurements of the 3D flame temperature profile are highly desirable to achieve in-depth understanding of the combustion and pollutant formation processes. In this paper, a measurement method for reconstruction of a 3D flame temperature profile was proposed by using a light field camera. It combines the convolution imaging model and radiative transfer equation and takes into account the characteristics of emission, absorption, and scattering of a semitransparent flame. According to the point spread function characteristics of the imaging system, the number and positions of the refocus planes were set by comprehensive consideration of the reconstruction accuracy and efficiency. The feasibility of the present method was proved by numerical simulation and an experiment of a candle flame. This method achieves the reconstruction of a 3D asymmetric flame profile through a single exposure of a single camera, which overcomes the problem of complexity of a multicamera system and the time delay of a conventional scanning camera system.
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Ariani, Menik, Z. Su'ud, Fiber Monado, A. Waris, Khairurrijal, I. Arif, A. Ferhat, and H. Sekimoto. "Optimization of Small Long Life Gas Cooled Fast Reactors with Natural Uranium as Fuel Cycle Input." Applied Mechanics and Materials 260-261 (December 2012): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.260-261.307.
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In this study gas cooled reactor system are combined with modified CANDLE burn-up scheme to create small long life fast reactors with natural circulation as fuel cycle input. Such system can utilize natural Uranium resources efficiently without the necessity of enrichment plant or reprocessing plant. Therefore using this type of nuclear power plants optimum nuclear energy utilization including in developing countries can be easily conducted without the problem of nuclear proliferation. In this paper, optimization of Small and Medium Long-life Gas Cooled Fast Reactors with Natural Uranium as Fuel Cycle Input has been performed. The optimization processes include adjustment of fuel region movement scheme, volume fraction adjustment, core dimension, etc. Due to the limitation of thermal hydraulic aspects, the average power density of the proposed design is selected about 75 W/cc. With such condition we investigated small and medium sized cores from 300 MWt to 600 MWt with all being operated for 10 years without refueling and fuel shuffling and just need natural Uranium as fuel cycle input. The average discharge burn-up is about in the range of 23-30% HM.
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Hartini, Sri, and Prasetyo Yulianto. "Improving Sustainability Performance with Eco-Efficiency Strategies: A Case Study in SME Batik SS Jogja." Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan 17, no. 3 (November 27, 2020): 295–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v17i3.295-306.
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Batik is a World Cultural Heritage. However, the production process is suspected to have a negative impact on the environment. This study aims to analyze the Batik production process using an eco-efficiency approach. The identification stage is carried out by identifying the non-product output costs. The environmental impact analysis was carried out by means of a life cycle assessment (LCA) using the eco-cost and eco-mapping methods. The causal analysis stage was carried out with a fishbone diagram. The problem area occurs in the stamping, coloring and washing processes. LCA processing using simapro v7.1.8 software concluded that there was a negative impact on the global warming (CO2 eq) category of 14,804.2 kg and aquatic ecotoxic (TEG eq) of 10,241,717 kg or equivalent to an eco-cost of Rp 700,394,880 / year. Recommendations for improvement by making used candle container, adding assignments for one of the workers, and creating a simple waste treatment system with the principle of aerobic biological treatment. This research provides benefits economically, environmentally and socially. The recommendations given are estimated to reduce the non-product output ratio by 0.01224, with an economic profit of around Rp 25,571,892 / year.
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Müller, Oliver, Rodrigo Ibata, Marina Rejkuba, and Lorenzo Posti. "Distance to the nearby dwarf galaxy [TT2009] 25 in the NGC 891 group using the tip of the red giant branch." Astronomy & Astrophysics 629 (August 22, 2019): L2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936392.
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Dwarf galaxies are key objects for small-scale cosmological tests like the abundance problems or the planes-of-satellites problem. A crucial task is therefore to get accurate information for as many nearby dwarf galaxies as possible. Using extremely deep, ground-based V and i-band Subaru Suprime Cam photometry with a completeness of i = 27 mag, we measure the distance of the dwarf galaxy [TT2009] 25 using the tip of the red giant branch as a standard candle. This dwarf resides in the field around the Milky Way-analog NGC 891. Using a Bayesian approach, we measure a distance of 10.28−1.73+1.17 Mpc, which is consistent with the distance of NGC 891, and thus confirm it as a member of NGC 891. The dwarf galaxy follows the scaling relations defined by the Local Group dwarfs. We do not find an extended stellar halo around [TT2009] 25. In the small field of view of 100 kpc covered by the survey, only one bright dwarf galaxy and the giant stream are apparent. This is comparable to the Milky Way, where one bright dwarf resides in the same volume, as well as the Sagittarius stream – excluding satellites which are farther away but would be projected in the line-of-sight. It is thus imperative to survey for additional dwarf galaxies in a larger area around NGC 891 to test the abundance of dwarf galaxies and compare this to the number of satellites around the Milky Way.
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Iyer, Abhishek M. "Flavour physics and extra-dimensions." EPJ Web of Conferences 179 (2018): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817901006.
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Randall-Sundrum (RS) model of warped extra-dimensions were originally proposed to explain the Planck-weak scale hierarchy. It was soon realised that modifications of the original setup, by introducing the fields in the bulk, has several interesting features. In particular it imbues a rich flavour structure to the fermionic sector thereby offering an understanding of the Yukawa hierarchy problem. This construction is also useful in explaining the recently observed deviations in the decay of the B mesons. We consider two scenarios to this effect : A) Right handed muon fields coupled more to NP that the corresponding muon doublets (unorthodox case). Non-universality exists in the right handed sector. B) Standard scenario with anomalies explained primarily by non-universal couplings to the lepton doublets. Further, we establish correlation with the parameter space consistent with the flavour anomalies in the neutral current sector and obtain predictions for rare K- decay which are likely to be another candle for NP with increased precision. The prediction for rare K- decays are different according to the scenario, thereby serving as a useful discriminatory tool. We also discussthe large flavour violation in the lepton sector and present an example with the implementation of bulk leptonic MFV which is essential to realize the model with low KK scales. Further we consider a radical solution, called GUT RS models, where the RS geometry can work as theory of flavour in the absence of flavour symmetries. In this case the low energy brane corresponds to the GUT scale as a result of which RS is no longer solution to the gauge hierarchy problem. The Kaluza Klein (KK) modes in this setup are naturally heavy due to which the low energy constraints can be easily avoided. We use this framework to discuss the supersymmetric version of the RS model and provide means to test this scenario by considering rare lepton decays like τ → μγ.
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Tetuev, Alim. "COMMEMORATIVE PRACTICES IN KABARDINO-BALKARIA ABOUT THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR." History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus 17, no. 1 (March 28, 2021): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32653/ch17169-88.
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The article explores commemorative practices about the Great Patriotic War on the example of Kabardino-Balkaria.
The state of historiography and the sources of the studied problem is analyzed, its relevance, novelty, theoretical and practical significance are substantiated. The regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and Kabardino-Balkaria, providing for various commemorative practices to preserve the memory of the Great Patriotic War, are considered.
The experience of state, municipal authorities and civil society institutions on the formation of commemorative practices at the federal, regional, municipal and family levels is summarized. It is noted that the main national symbols of the memory of the Great Patriotic War are such as Victory Day, Day of Remembrance and Sorrow, Day of the Unknown Soldier and other dates specified in the Federal Law “On Days of Military Glory and Memorable Dates of Russia”
Revealed places of memory in Kabardino-Balkaria: military cemeteries, mass graves, memorial places of military operations of soldiers of the Red Army, memorial plaques, books of memory, museums of military glory, as well as streets, squares, schools named after the heroes of the Great Patriotic War,
The experience of the work of state and municipal authorities and civil society institutions on the search and establishment of the names of the dead, the burial of their remains, the improvement of monuments, and reconstruction of the events of the war years that took place in Elbrus region in 1942–1943 is summarized.
The commemoration created at the initiative of family members, their relatives and veterans is analyzed. The activities of public movements, the Immortal Regiment, and the Candle of Remembrance campaigns to preserve the family’s personal memory of the generation of World War II are highlighted.
An analysis of the problem under study showed that commemorative practices create the conditions for preserving the memory of the Great Patriotic War and consolidating society
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Sedgwick, Thomas M., Chris A. Collins, Ivan K. Baldry, and Philip A. James. "The effects of peculiar velocities in SN Ia environments on the local H0 measurement." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 500, no. 3 (November 7, 2020): 3728–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3456.
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ABSTRACT The discrepancy between estimates of the Hubble constant (H0) measured from local (z ≲ 0.1) scales and from scales of the sound horizon is a crucial problem in modern cosmology. Peculiar velocities (vpec) of standard candle distance indicators can systematically affect local H0 measurements. We here use 2MRS galaxies to measure the local galaxy density field, finding a notable z < 0.05 underdensity in the SGC-6dFGS region of 27 ± 2 per cent. However, no strong evidence for a ‘Local Void’ pertaining to the full 2MRS sky coverage is found. Galaxy densities are used to measure a density parameter, Δϕ+−, which we introduce as a proxy for vpec that quantifies density gradients along a supernova (SN) line of sight. Δϕ+− is found to correlate with local H0 estimates from 88 Pantheon Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia; 0.02 < z < 0.05). Density structures on scales of ∼50 Mpc are found to correlate strongest with H0 estimates in both the observational data and in mock data from the MDPL2-Galacticus simulation. Using trends of H0 with Δϕ+−, we can correct for the effects of density structure on local H0 estimates, even in the presence of biased vpec. However, the difference in the inferred H0 estimate with and without the peculiar velocity correction is limited to < 0.1 per cent. We conclude that accounting for environmentally induced peculiar velocities of SN Ia host galaxies does not resolve the tension between local and CMB-derived H0 estimates.
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Szymoniczek, Joanna. "Materialne ślady zbrodni. O „obcych” grobach i cmentarzach wojennych." Rocznik Polsko-Niemiecki, no. 24/2 (April 29, 2016): 214–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35757/rpn.2016.24.17.
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The construction of war cemeteries always evokes emotions. After the end of an armed conflict, each of which brings death of civilians and soldiers, people continue to think about the fallen and those who fought on their side. When conducting exhumations, inhumations and identification of bodies after the war, the authorities must also deal with the problem of the burial of enemy soldiers. The final resting place of the fallen is usually where they perished. Sometimes these are impressive cemeteries, maintained by local authorities, population and the state for whom the dead soldiers sacrificed their lives. Another time, it is only a forgotten place, somewhere near a dirt road or in the woods, where someone may light a candle. It may also be a mass grave overgrown with long grass, or covered by a newly built park. No one even knows who is buried there. The states on whose territory the grave sites of victims of wars and totalitarian violence are located are required to ensure their legal protection. War graves and cemeteries are now managed by municipalities, associations or social organizations. In order to minimize the controversy surrounding these sites, efforts are taken to preserve the neutral appearance of erected monuments, which are usually limited to simple grey crosses. The construction of war cemeteries always evokes emotions. These places are designed to remind the living of the past and confront them with the consequences of wars and violence. It seems that European societies are now mature enough to ensure that humanitarian reasons are stronger than prejudice and a sense of injustice.
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Ferents, N. O., S. Y. Vovk, and A. S. Lyn. "EXPLOSIVE HAZARD OF SPHERICAL TANKS OF OIL AND GAS REFINING ENTERPRISES." Fire Safety, no. 34 (July 19, 2019): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32447/20786662.34.2019.15.
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Gas and oil refining enterprises receive a large amount of hydrocarbon gases, which can be used as fuel or after processing as a raw material for a number of oil refining and petrochemical processes. The fires on such objects are characterized by high speed of development, destruction of technological equipment and building structures, intensive flowing out of combustible liquids and liquefied gases, significant thermal radiation, gas pollution of the adjoining territory; Even local fires or explosions under adverse circumstances due to chain development can lead to catastrophic scales. Therefore, the problem of reliable fire protection of the oil and gas refining industry enterprises, individual units and installations is relevant. The goal of the work is investigation of the danger of accidents in spherical tanks at oil and gas refining industry enterprises. The physical and chemical properties of the liquefied gases, the conditions of the technological process, the experience of accidents on similar objects were analyzed. The results showed that during the technological process with liquefied gas the emissions of substances causing the formation of a potential explosive zones, explosions of gas and gas clouds, physical explosions of vapour, fireballs, spill fires and the spread of clouds of toxic substances were possible. In order to ensure the process, spherical tanks for liquefied gas are equipped with devices for monitoring the level, pressure, temperature; alarms of emergency level; systems of manual release of pressure; systems of safety valves with a discharge on a torch or a candle; equalizing lines between tanks and overpasses with electric locks. The breakdown hazard of spherical tanks of oil and gas refining enterprises was studied. The zone of destructive action of explosion pressure in a spherical tank with liquefied gas was calculated.
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Rusdi, Rusdi, and Deny Kurniawan. "PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN MINYAK JELANTAH MENJADI LILIN AROMA DAUN JERUK UNTUK IBU-IBU PKK KELURAHAN SUNGAI PINANG LUAR SAMARINDA." SELAPARANG Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan 4, no. 3 (August 5, 2021): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v4i3.4801.
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ABSTRAKPermasalahan utama yang dihadapi oleh pihak kelurahan Sungai Pinang Luar Samarinda adalah penggunaan minyak jelantah yang berulang kali oleh ibu rumah tangga untuk menggoreng makanan dan membuang minyak jelantah tersebut sembarangan. Pengabdiaan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada ibu-ibu PKK kelurahan Sungai Pinang Luar Samarinda tentang bahayanya penggunaan minyak jelantah yang digunakan berulangkali bagi kesehatan dan pembuangan minyak jelantah ke lingkungan yang akan mengganggu stabilitas ekologi pada lingkungan tersebut, sehingga dibentuk sebuah upaya tindakan melalui pelatihan pengolahan minyak jelantah menjadi sesuatu yang bernilai ekologis dan ekonomis. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah pelatihan langsung kepada ibu-ibu PKK di kelurahan Sungai Pinang Luar dalam pembuatan lilin aroma daun jeruk dari minyak jelantah. Hasil pengabdian ini terlihat antusiasme peserta untuk mencoba membuat sendiri lilin aroma daun jeruk dari minyak jelantah yang digunakan. Kata Kunci: pelatihan; minyak jelantah; lilin aroma daun jeruk. ABSTRACTThe main problem faced by the Sungai Pinang Luar village Samarinda is the repeated use of used cooking oil by housewives to fry food and throw the oil carelessly. This service aims to provide an understanding to PKK women in Sungai Pinang Village, Luar Samarinda about the dangers of using used cooking oil repeatedly for health and the disposal of used cooking oil into the environment which will disrupt the ecological stability of the environment, so that an action effort is formed through oil processing training, waste cooking becomes something of ecological and economic value. The method used in this service is direct training to PKK women in Sungai Pinang Luar village in making orange leaf scented candles from used cooking oil. The results of this service were seen by the enthusiasm of the participants to try to make their own orange leaf scented candles from the used cooking oil.Keywords: training; cooking oil; citrus leaf scented candle.
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Liu, Jian. "Stage text of the musical «Next to normal» in Michael Grief’s production." Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 57, no. 57 (March 10, 2020): 212–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-57.13.
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Theoretical Background. The concept of stage text is actualized in musical science in the context of a variety of samples of director’s theater, in which the stage decision may dissonant or act as a counterpoint to the original musical (ie compositional) text of the work. Sometimes the musical score is only the starting point for the director’s version. T. Grigoryants (2007), M. Kosilkin (2017), M. Kuklinska (2018; 2020) turn to the analysis of the stage text. Among the parameters that M. Kosilkin draws attention to are psychological types (2017: 85), which are embodied through facial expressions and gestures, plasticity and movements, the appearance of the character; and a set of pictorial means – costumes, objects and decorations. Unlike traditional opera, the director of a Broadway musical of the XXI century (especially on modern plots), as a rule, does not face the problem of modernization of stage means or compliance of the stage solution with the expectations and inertia of the audience. However, within this genre it is important to understand what aesthetic tasks are solved by this or that production and what happens in the dynamics of the stage life of the musical, whether the elements of the stage text are written in the score, or, conversely, the director is required to find a solution. Objectives. The aim is to identify the features of the stage text of the musical «Next to normal» – its main components and functions in relation to the musical score. In accordance with the purpose, such methods are used as comparative (to compare the composer’s and stage texts), structural and functional (to identify individual elements of the stage text and their role in revealing the plot and dramaturgy of the whole). Results and Discussion. Unlike directorial experimentalism in the field of opera, where the score may lose “its leading role, giving way to the leadership of a musical performance” (Kuklinskaya, 2020), the Broadway musical «Next to normal» illustrates the unity of the composer and director who seek to be understood by the public. Last but not least, this is due to the fact that some elements of the plot are so cinematic that they seem to be inaccessible for the implementation of purely musical and stage means. Thus, the stage realization of the image of a ghost, various «flashbacks» (№ 5), the delimitation of frames of parallel action (№ 16), the release of Diana’s consciousness during ECT (№ 18) is extremely difficult. However, the director manages to do it with minimal means, without involving special effects. Among the most important tools for creating stage text are: ● two-level stage with different sectors allows to implement fast spacetime switching while maintaining the dynamics of action and embody the idea of parallel action, a combination of real and imaginaryevents; ● the light – directed to the relevant sector of the scene, emphasizes a particular character or pair of characters, focusing the teacher’s attention on a particular plane of action; another approach – even illumination of different sectors of the scene, aimed at; ● concise props (sandwiches, trash can, candle cake, photo, box) – brings to the surface hidden subtexts and reveals the psychological characteristics of the characters hidden in the musical text, ie performs the function of objectification, specification of certain events; ● gestures – turns of the head and body of the characters indicate their «relationship» with the ghost. Since for Diana he is real, so she always turns to him. The other characters behave as if Gabe is not on the stage, and only at turning points do they begin to see him (Dan in № 37); the idea of flashback (Diana’s memories of her marriage to Dan) – is realized through a gesture – a woman reaches out to hug her husband, but catches the emptiness; ● stage action of the characters and mise-en-scène – excessive gestures and strange movements make Diana go crazy; dance and choreographic elements (Dr. Madden, Diana and Gabe), skating on the operating table (Gabe, doctors) highlight the unreal elements of the plot; the main character’s hugs with Gabe illustrate her choice in favor of a ghostly world over the real one (her husband, Dan); ● scenery – demonstratively minimalistic – it consists of key objects – the dining table symbolizes the Goodman family home, the operating room – the hospital, a comfortable chair – psychotherapy sessions; ● costumes – deserve the least attention of the directors, as the household plot focuses on everyday clothes (jeans, sweater, shirt, etc.); against this background, the dance of Gabe and Diana stands out, where they are both in white (№ 4), which gives the action a hidden subtext; white can also be seen as a symbol of madness (Diana’s shirt in the hospital). Conclusions.In terms of musical content, the production deepens the tragedy of Diana’s image, which is that she chooses a ghostly man instead of a real one. And the relationship between her and her dead son in the stage decision goes beyond the roles of «mother – son» – as evidenced by their dance, kissing hands, hugs, which allow us to consider them as a romantic couple of characters, which in the musical text of the opera is only a hint. Thus, the stage text of the musical «Next to normal» is aimed at concretizing the musical content, working with simple symbols that will be understandable to the public, and on the other– to deepen the content and multifaceted disclosure of the ghost world, hallucinations, mental disorders and madness.
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"Gestalt Research on Problem Solving and Today’s Gestalt." Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi, July 30, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7816/nesne-09-20-09.
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This article will focus on two pioneering scientific work on problem solving, or per Gestalt Theory, “productive thinking”. One of them is Köhler’s research on goal-directed tool use and overcoming obstacles in chimpanzees, the other one is Duncker’s studies on problem solving using a “think aloud” technique. In both Köhler’s and Duncker’s work, productive thinking is linked to a restructuring behavior. For example, tearing off a thin and long branch from a tree to serve as a stick or removing the various objects in a matchbox to transform it from a container to a platform on which to mount a candle are examples of such restructuring. In the final section, I will look at how today’s research trends might and should connect to Gestalt Theory. In conclusion, just as in memory, the two main proposals of Gestalt Theory, i.e., figure-ground separation and grouping in figures play a critical role also in thinking. Thus, Gestalt Theory seems to be able to come up with a common way of understanding perception, memory, as well as thinking. To our knowledge there is no other single theory within cognitive psychology that has such broad an explanatory power. This in itself is one more reason why Gestalt Theory in large deserves crucial attention. Keywords: Gestalt Theory, productive thinking, problem solving
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Potera, C. "The core of the candle problem." Environmental Health Perspectives 108, no. 4 (April 2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.108-a165a.
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Yordanov, Yavor. "On the Synchronization of Candle Oscillators." Natural Science and Advanced Technology Education, September 1, 2021, 335–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.53656/nat2021-4.01.
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In this study we will investigate an interesting collective behavior of candles. It has been observed that when several candles burn close to each other they form a common flame that exhibits oscillations in size and brightness. If two such oscillators burn together, they interact and the oscillations of the resultant system depend on the distance between them. The aim of this investigation, inspired by Problem 5 of the International Young Physicists Tournament in 2021, is to theoretically explain the phenomenon through overlapping of hot gas flows and radiation, as well as to check our understanding and measure additional parameters experimentally using advanced techniques, such as high speed schlieren photography.
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Ciardullo, Robin. "The Planetary Nebula Luminosity Function and its Issues." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 11, A29B (August 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921317000412.
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AbstractThe bright-end cutoff of the [O III] λ5007 planetary nebula luminosity function (PNLF) is insensitive to population age and metallicity, making it an excellent extragalactic standard candle. We review our knowledge of the function and discuss the challenges related to modeling it. We show that, while there has been a great deal of progress in understanding the nuances of its shape, there is still no solid theory which explains the luminosity of the PNLF cutoff in old stellar populations. This is an extremely serious problem, as it affects a myriad of astrophysical issues, from the determination of the stellar masses of galaxies to our understanding of alternative channels of stellar evolution.
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Mugijatna, Mugijatna. "NILAI-NILAI RUMAH TANGGA DALAM NOVEL-NOVEL AHMAD TOHARI: TRILOGI RONGGENG DUKUH PARUK, BEKISAR MERAH DAN BELANTIK." LiNGUA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra 6, no. 1 (November 15, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/ling.v6i1.1299.
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This study is cunducted to discuss the problem of household values in Ahmad Tohari’s novels: Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk trilogy, Bekisar Merah and Belantik (Bekisar Merah II). As for the purpose is to describe household values in the novels, to describe Ahmad Tohari’s intention to reveal household values in the novels, and to describe the significance of household values in the novels. This study uses cultural approach with hermeneutics as its methodology and semiotics as its analysis. The findings are, first, household values in Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk trilogy is expressed in a form of Rasus’ refusal toward pornographic ronggeng tradition and Srintil’s struggle to become domestic woman. In Bekisar Merah and Belantik, it is expressed in a form of Kanjat’s attitude to marry Lasi honorably and Lasi’s refusal to have sexual intercourse outside marriage. Second, Ahmad Tohari’s intention to express household values in the novels is to develop civilization which is clean from immorality. Third, the significance of household values in the novels is as ’model of” inherited values, at the same time as ’model for’ struggle to continue the inherited values. Besides that, the values also have a significance of ”a candle in darkness” to face tradition which nurture sexual intercourse outside marriage and the promulgation of sexual intercourse outside marriage by hedonistic life.
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"Nuclear Burning Wave Concept and Theoretical Approaches for its Description." 3, 2020, no. 3 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2312-4334-2020-3-08.
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After two major nuclear power plant accidents in Chernobyl (1986) and Fukushima (2011), one of the main requirements for the nuclear power engineering is the safety of the nuclear reactors in operation, as well as new nuclear power plants of the fourth generation, which are being developed now. One of such requirements is presence of the so-called “inherent safety” mechanism, which renders the uncontrolled reactor runaway impossible under any conditions, moreover, the implementation of such a mechanism should be ensured on the level of physical principles embedded in the reactor design. Another important problem of the nuclear power engineering is the need of the transition to the large-scale use of the fast-neutron breeder reactors, with which it would be possible to set up expanded reproduction of the nuclear fuel and by that means solve the problem of supplying humanity with relatively cheap energy for thousands of years. Moreover, at present an unresolved problem is the disposal of spent nuclear fuel containing radioactive nuclides with long half-lives, which presents a long-term danger to the ecology. One of the promising conceptions of the fast-neutron breeder reactor, which can, in the case of successful implementation, partially or even entirely solve the problems of the nuclear power engineering mentioned above, is the reactor that operates in the nuclear burning wave mode, which is also known as “Traveling wave reactor”, CANDLE and by some other names. This paper presents a short review of the main theoretical approaches used for description of such a physical phenomenon as slow nuclear burning (deflagration) wave in the neutron multiplication medium initially composed of the fertile material 238U or 232Th. A comparative analysis of the possibilities of different mathematical models for describing this phenomenon is performed, both for those based on the deterministic approach (i.e. solving neutron transport equations) and for models that use Monte Carlo methods. The main merits of the fast breeder reactor, working in the nuclear burning wave mode, and problems related to the practical realization of the considered concept are discussed.