Relevant bibliographies by topics / Duplex and super duplex stainless steel

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  3. Books
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Academic literature on the topic 'Duplex and super duplex stainless steel'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Duplex and super duplex stainless steel"

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Hariharan, Ramakrishnan, Balasundaram Rathinam, Baskar Neelakandan, Radhakrishnan Beemaraj, and Chellamuthu Kannan. "Surface modification method of duplex type stainless steels by the pack boriding process." Chemical Industry 75, no. 3 (2021): 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind210103019h.

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This work presents the investigation of a boriding process on two grades of stainless steel namely UNS32750 super duplex stainless steel and UNSS31803 duplex stainless steel in order to improve material properties and possibly to reduce catastrophic failure of industrial components. Usage of duplex stainless steels has become customary in the fields of oil and refinery, marine and pipeline applications due to increased corrosion resistance; however, these materials exhibit low wear characteristics. To overcome this problem, in this work the pack boriding process was employed. Evaluation of effects of the boriding process on the microstructure and mechanical properties was performed using scanning electron and optical microscopy, Vickers hardness tests and wear tests. It was shown that the 4 h process resulted in the greatest boriding layer thickness yielding the maximum surface hardness of 1407 HV in the super duplex stainless steel UNS32750 while this value was 1201 HV in the duplex stainless steel UNSS31803. Wear resistance of borided materials were up to 6-fold greater than those of non - treated materials. Also, the borided duplex materials were shown to be more suitable for industrial applications for valve and shaft components as compared to the boronized super duplex stainless steel.
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,, ,. "Duplex and Super Duplex Stainless Steel and Their Welding." Indian Welding Journal 37, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22486/iwj.v37i1.179065.

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Kuroda, Toshio, Kenji Ikeuchi, and Takeshi Terajima. "Micro Flash Welding of Super Duplex Stainless Steels." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 3979–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.3979.

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Super duplex stainless steels were welded using new flash butt welding technology of temperature controlling system. The super duplex stainless steel (329J4L) and conventional duplex stainless steel (329J3L) were used. The samples were mounted in the dies using a Gleeble thermal simulator and flash but welding was made. The specimens were heated up to 1373K for 10sec, 20sec and 30sec. Flash butt welding has consisting of a two stage processes of a flash action and a contact resistance. First stage was a flash welding process and second stage was a solid state bonding process. The cross sectional microstructure of the weld bond region showed two types of a deposited fine particles region and a solid state bonding region. The grain growth was hardly observed in the weld region and the heat-affected zone. For further increasing joining efficiency of solid state bonding at the second stage, the welding time at 1373K was increased from 5 sec to 180sec. The bonding area increased with increasing welding time at 1373K and successfully welded for conventional duplex stainless steel.
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Karlsson, Leif. "Welding duplex and super duplex stainless steels." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 42, no. 6 (June 1995): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb007380.

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Nilsson, J. O. "Super duplex stainless steels." Materials Science and Technology 8, no. 8 (August 1992): 685–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/mst.1992.8.8.685.

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Ryś, Janusz, and Wiktoria Ratuszek. "Rolling Texture Formation in Super-Duplex Stainless Steel." Solid State Phenomena 163 (June 2010): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.163.145.

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The present research is a part of project which concerns a deformation behavior of duplex type ferritic-austenitic stainless steels. This paper focuses on the examination of ferrite and austenite textures formed upon thermo-mechanical treatment and deformation textures developed during cold-rolling of super-duplex stainless steel sheet. The character and stability of the textures observed in both phases over a wide deformation range are the result of two-phase morphology formed upon hot- and subsequent cold-rolling. The specific band-like morphology of the ferrite-austenite structure creates different conditions for plastic deformation due to the interaction of both phases and considerably constrained lattice rotations. That is why the processes governing the texture formation in duplex steels are supposed to change in comparison to single phase steels affecting final rolling textures of ferrite and austenite.
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Saida, Kazuyoshi, and Tomo Ogura. "Hot Cracking Susceptibility in Duplex Stainless Steel Welds." Materials Science Forum 941 (December 2018): 679–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.941.679.

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The hot cracking (solidification cracking) susceptibility in the weld metals of duplex stainless steels were quantitatively evaluated by Transverse-Varestraint test with gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and laser beam welding (LBW). Three kinds of duplex stainless steels (lean, standard and super duplex stainless steels) were used for evaluation. The solidification brittle temperature ranges (BTR) of duplex stainless steels were 58K, 60K and 76K for standard, lean and super duplex stainless steels, respectively, and were comparable to those of austenitic stainless steels with FA solidification mode. The BTRs in LBW were 10-15K lower than those in GTAW for any steels. In order to clarify the governing factors of solidification cracking in duplex stainless steels, the solidification segregation behaviours of alloying and impurity elements were numerically analysed during GTAW and LBW. Although the harmful elements to solidification cracking such as P, S and C were segregated in the residual liquid phase in any joints, the solidification segregation of P, S and C in LBW was inhibited compared with GTAW due to the rapid cooling rate in LBW. It followed that the decreased solidification cracking susceptibility of duplex stainless steels in LBW would be mainly attributed to the suppression of solidification segregation of P, S and C.
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Nagy, András István, Enikő Réka Fábián, Richárd Horváth, and Pal Terek. "Difficulties in the Machining Super Duplex Stainless Steels." Műszaki Tudományos Közlemények 11, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33894/mtk-2019.11.31.

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Abstract Super duplex stainless steels are used in increasingly more areas. The machinability of duplex stainless steels is generally poor. We performed dry turning tests on G X2CrNiMoCuN 26-6-3-3 casted superduplex steel, using two different PVD coated cutting inserts. One of them was coated with TiAlN and other with TiAlSiN. Strong burr and built-up edge formation were observed during our machining experiments; these damaged the edges of the tools. The shortened tests did not show significant difference betwen the effect of the coatings.
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Ryś, Janusz, and Małgorzata Witkowska. "Microstructure and Deformation Behavior of Cold-Rolled Super-Duplex Stainless Steel." Solid State Phenomena 163 (June 2010): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.163.151.

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The present examination is a part of project concerning a deformation behavior of duplex type ferritic-austenitic stainless steels. The investigations included the analysis of ferrite and austenite microstructures formed in cold-rolled sheet of super-duplex stainless steel, major deformation mechanisms operating in both constituent phases and changes in morphology of two-phase structure after the thermo-mechanical treatment and subsequent cold-rolling. Duplex type stainless steels develop the band-like ferrite-austenite morphology in the course of hot- and cold-rolling. This specific two-phase structure creates different conditions for plastic deformation in comparison to single phase steels. The interaction of both phases upon deformation exerts fairly significant influence on structure and texture formation in both constituent phases and in consequence affects the material properties and its behavior upon further processing.
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C. BENNETT, DAVID. "Duplex and ferritic stainless steel sheet linings versus weld overlay and other metallic corrosion-resistant barriers." July 2015 14, no. 7 (August 1, 2015): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj14.7.491.

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Sheet linings made from stainless steel can protect carbon steel substrates at lower initial direct cost for installation and subsequent direct inspection than weld overlay and thermal sprayed coating. Closely matched thermal expansion coefficients of ferritic and duplex stainless steel grades with carbon steel allow large “tile pieces” in reliable, leak-proof linings compared to linings from austenitic grades, simplifying and speeding installation. Sheet linings with ferritic and duplex grades typically have lower unit costs than weld overlay and thermal sprayed coatings. Ferritic and lean duplex grades resist corrosion and stress corrosion cracking in most alkaline pulping and liquor recovery environments. Super-duplex grades can replace acid-resistant brick linings in D-stage bleaching equipment, including pre-retention tubes and towers. Carefully specified sheet linings of ferritic and duplex stainless steels, professionally installed in accordance with longstanding industry standards, are reliable and economical protective barriers, especially compared with weld overlay, in many applications in modern pulp
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Duplex and super duplex stainless steel"

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Rieder, Ester Schmidt. "The passivity of a super duplex stainless steel." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272490.

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Sharafi, Shahriar. "Microstructure of super-duplex stainless steels." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/221879.

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Fang, Peijun. "Weldability and hydrogen relationships in super duplex stainless steel." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260057.

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Wang, Huei-Sen. "Thermal modelling of zeron 100 super duplex stainless steel." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287771.

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Renton, N. C. "Time-variant reliability of super-duplex stainless steel tubulars." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2007. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU239879.

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The development of high pressure-high temperature oil wells in the U.K.'s north sea province has led to the application of high-strength, corrosion resistant alloys for production tubulars. One such alloy is super-duplex stainless steel (SDSS). The cold-worked material combines high strength with excellent corrosion resistance properties as a result of its chromium, molybdenum, tungsten and nitrogen content. The material's macro properties are a function of its two-phase microstructure made up of roughly equal parts austenite and ferrite. Recent in-service failures of SDSS tubulars have identified gaps in the understanding of the material's properties. The study investigated the link between the microstructure of the material and its mechanical and corrosion behaviours. The results revealed that the microstructure of the material was highly anisotropic and varied through the pipe-wall as a result of manufacturing techniques. A method of measuring the crack resistance of the material was developed, with the results showing that the spatial arrangement of the microstrucure determined the crack resistance of the fracture plane. The properties of ferrite were identified as the limiting factor on the crack resistance of the material. The investigation also revealed that a small difference in chemical composition between the two phases led to the preferential dissolution of ferrite in aqueous oxygen bearing chloride environments.
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Alsarraf, Jalal. "Hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of super duplex stainless steels." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2010. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4562.

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This thesis describes the metallurgical and environmental factors that influence hydrogen embrittlement of super duplex stainless steels and presents a model to predict the rate at which embrittlement occurs. Super duplex stainless steel has an austenite and ferrite microstructure with an average fraction of each phase of approximately 50%. An investigation was carried out on the metallurgical and environmental factors that influence hydrogen embrittlement of super duplex stainless steels. Tensile specimens of super duplex stainless steel were pre-charged with hydrogen for two weeks in 3.5% NaCl solution at 50º C at a range of applied potentials to simulate the conditions that exist when subsea oilfield components are cathodically protected in seawater. The pre-charged specimens were then tested in a slow strain rate tensile test and their susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement was assessed by the failure time, reduction in cross-sectional area and examination of the fracture surface. The ferrite and austenite in the duplex microstructures were identified by analysing their Cr, Ni, Mo and N contents in an electron microscope, as these elements partition in different concentrations in the two phases. It was shown that hydrogen embrittlement occurred in the ferrite phase, whereas the austenite failed in a ductile manner. An embrittled region existed around the circumference of each fracture surface and the depth of this embrittlement depended on the hydrogen charging time and the potential at which the charging had been carried out. The depth of embrittlement was shown to correlate with the rate of hydrogen diffusion in the alloy, which was measured electrochemically using hydrogen permeation and galvanostatic methods. A two-dimensional diffusion model was used to calculate the hydrogen distribution profiles for each experimental condition and the model could be employed to provide predictions of expected failure times in stressed engineering components.
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Martins, Alessandra Souza. "Estudo comparativo da resistÃncia à corrosÃo dos aÃos inoxidÃveis super duplex ASTM A890 / A890M grau 5A e 6A." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12591.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
Uma liga metÃlica que vem apresentando um desempenho satisfatÃrio em ambientes de maior agressividade à o aÃo inoxidÃvel super duplex. Esse tipo de aÃo possui boas propriedades de resistÃncia mecÃnica, resistÃncia à corrosÃo e tenacidade ao impacto. Mesmo apresentando desempenho satisfatÃrio, esses aÃos podem apresentar problemas de corrosÃo quando sofrem algum tratamento tÃrmico devido à precipitaÃÃo de uma fase deletÃria chamada de alfa linha (â), a qual precipita em temperaturas entre 300 ⁰C e 550 ⁰C e pode ocasionar uma diminuiÃÃo da resistÃncia à corrosÃo e tenacidade do material. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho à avaliar a resistÃncia à corrosÃo dos aÃos inoxidÃveis super duplex fundidos de grau 5A e 6A apÃs sofrerem tratamento tÃrmico a 475 ⁰C. O grau 6A se difere do 5A pela presenÃa de cobre e tungstÃnio na sua composiÃÃo quÃmica. A resistÃncia à corrosÃo dos corpos de prova foi avaliada por meio das seguintes tÃcnicas eletroquÃmicas: monitoramento do potencial de circuito aberto, polarizaÃÃo anÃdica, polarizaÃÃo cÃclica, espectroscopia de impedÃncia eletroquÃmica e temperatura crÃtica de pite. Foi realizada a caraterizaÃÃo microestrutural dos materiais, onde foi possÃvel observar sua estrutura bifÃsica composta por uma matriz ferrÃtica e ilhas de austenita em proporÃÃes coerentes. O ensaio de dureza Brinell mostrou que a dureza aumenta nas primeiras horas de tratamento tÃrmico e, depois, hà uma diminuiÃÃo nessa taxa de aumento da dureza. Os resultados eletroquÃmicos indicaram que, para os dois tipos de aÃo estudados, as amostras com 10 horas de tratamento tÃrmico apresentaram uma maior resistÃncia à corrosÃo.
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Al-Rabie, Mohammed. "Observations of stress corrosion cracking behaviour in super duplex stainless steel." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/observations-of-stress-corrosion-cracking-behaviour-in-super-duplex-stainless-steel(51f53ed4-7bdc-469a-8ff7-7dfd9ff56339).html.

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The new generation of highly alloyed super duplex stainless steels such as Zeron 100 are preferable materials for industrial applications demanding high strength, toughness and superior corrosion resistance, especially against stress corrosion cracking (SCC). SCC is an environmentally assisted failure mechanism that occurs due to exposure to an aggressive environment while under a tensile stress. The mechanism by which SCC of duplex stainless steel is expected to suffer depends on the combination of electrochemical and the mechanical interaction between austenite and ferrite in the duplex alloys. The main aims of this work are to study the suitability of digital image correlation (DIC) to monitor the initiation and propagation of SCC and to understand how the microstructure of duplex stainless steel influences the kinetics of crack initiation and growth. The combined analysis of DIC, SEM and EBSD was used to study the relative crack propagation and the effect of interphase boundaries on crack growth as well. Cracking was initiated beneath saturated MgCl2 droplets in an atmospheric environment at 80°C and relative humidity of 30-33%. As-received and 10% cold rolled samples (with two orientations transverse and longitudinal to the loading direction) were subjected to an applied strain of 0.03 under displacement controlled tests. Regular optical observations were recorded of the droplets and their surrounding area. DIC analyses used the differentiation of the displacement fields to obtain the apparent surface strains used to detect crack initiation and propagation, and to measure crack opening displacements. It was found that DIC was efficiently observed the strain developments and the displacements in observed surfaces outside of the droplets but it could not identify or quantify the initiation of the cracks inside the droplets because of the mobility of the salt film and the high amount of the corrosion products formed which obscure the vision under the droplets. In addition, results showed that early stage microcracks were initiated in α phase and α/γ interfaces and propagated preferentially in the ferrite phase. Also, SCC initiation and propagation was accelerated by cold rolling and the grains orientations were of major effects on the retardation of crack propagation which was more severe in the transverse rolling direction. Also, there was no relation established between the strain level and the density of pitting in either phase.
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Alhoud, Abdulrezeg M. A. "Effect of process variables on the corrosion resistance of super duplex stainless steel." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=128219.

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The title of this research suggests the importance of manufacturing variables and their influence on the behavior of super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) alloy when exposed to corrosive aqueous environments. Studies show that SDSS alloys have many applications due to their good physical, mechanical and corrosion resistance properties. However, there are a number of cases of in-service failures of SDSS alloys, such as pitting corrosion, stress corrosion cracking and environmentally assisted cracking failures. The root cause of these failures was due to the impact of one or more manufacturing variables such as surface finish, microstructure defects or deficiencies after deformation. From this concept, a detailed study into the effect of manufacturing variables on the corrosion resistance of a UNS S39274 super duplex stainless steel has been carried out. The manufacturing variables studied are as follows: Effect of surface condition; The corrosion resistance of stainless steel components is very sensitive to the final surface condition. The effect of surface condition on the corrosion resistance was investigated by measuring the critical pitting temperature (CPT) and the pitting potential (Epit) of in-service UNS S39274 super duplex stainless steel tubular sections with three different surface roughness values of Ra =2.8, 3.2 and 3.5m. Experimental results confirmed that the surface roughness parameter Ra is a useful parameter as a general and basic guideline of surface texture but it’s not sufficient on its own to predict the likely effect of surface roughness on the in-service corrosion behaviour of SDSS materials. The manufacturer of super duplex stainless steel products should include the electrochemical corrosion evaluation such as the CPT or Epit values beside the surface roughness average value Ra and PRENs in SDSS alloy assessment. Effect of microstructure; The thermo-mechanical handling of super duplex stainless steels is an important factor in their performance. This is due to the complex nature of the material which is highly alloyed with Cr, Ni, Mo, and N. Exposure to certain temperature ranges leads to undesired secondary phases formation. The presence of intermetallic phases has been found to be harmful to super duplex stainless steel properties. A study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of thermal exposure of a solution annealed UNS S39274 super duplex stainless steel to temperatures of 850C, 1000ºC and 1300ºC on its microstructure and its localised corrosion resistance. Heat treatment at 850ºC and 1000C caused formation of intermetallics such as sigma () and chi () while at 1300C caused precipitation of secondary austenite and enlarged grains and percentage of ferrite was observed. The formation of intermetallics of sigma () and chi () had a drastic effect on the corrosion resistance of the super duplex stainless steel. Electrochemical measurements confirmed that the intermetallics affected the corrosion resistance by reducing the pitting potential by around 80% in the active direction. Evaluation of the corrosion morphology using SEM revealed depletion at the ferrite/austenite interfaces created intergranular corrosion path with preferential attack of the ferrite phase. The present results confirmed that PRENs is not suitable for corrosion assessment of SDSS after exposure to intermetallic temperature ranges. Effect of cold work; Cold work introduces metallurgical changes like dislocations and deformation bands which affect the corrosion resistance of stainless steel components. Cold work is still a complicated phenomenon for ferritic/austenitic alloys such SDSS. The effect of cold work (0%, 4%, 8%, 12% and 16% plastic strain) on the pitting corrosion behaviour of UNS S39274 SDSS was evaluated. The Ferrite phase of the material exhibits greater degrees of plastic deformation under straining providing a greater number of initiation sites than the austenite phase. The hydrogen embrittelement of the cold worked specimens was investigated after 48 hours cathodic charging in 0.1M H2SO4. Experimental results indicated that the increase in cold work caused reduction in mechanical properties such as elongation and strain to failure. The depth of embrittlement increased as the degree of cold work increased and revealed brittle surfaces of cleavage fracture mode. Manufacturer and users should consider the degree of plastic strain when cold worked SDSS components going to work in corrosive environments or hydrogen containing environments. The main conclusion of the work is that the interactions between corrosive environments and SDSS components containing one or more of the manufacturing variables evaluated must be considered if reductions in in-service life are to be avoided.
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Obi, Udoka. "Effect of ageing on phase evolution, mechanical and corrosion properties of a high tungsten super-duplex stainless steel." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=225950.

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Super duplex stainless steels (SDSSs) with lower nickel content are cost effective substitutes for higher alloyed austenitics and nickel alloys in demanding environments such as oil and gas production tubulars and pipelines due to their excellent corrosion resistance and high strength. The overall properties of SDSS are derived from its dual microstructure of equal ferrite and austenite, higher alloying additions of chromium, molybdenum, nitrogen and tungsten and its thermomechanical history. Higher alloying renders SDSS prone to secondary phase precipitation such as sigma phase during improper welding operations or fabrication, affecting the materials properties. Reports suggest that tungsten additions in SDSS delays sigma phase precipitation, hence the development of tungsten based SDSS such as UNS S39274. However, secondary phases cannot be entirely avoided in SDSS. Secondary phase evolution in DSS and the mechanical properties/corrosion behaviour of SDSS has been studied extensively yet their interaction is still not clear. In-service failures of SDSS components have identified gaps in the understanding of the link between secondary phase evolution and material properties, thus limiting the safe and efficient use of SDSS. The work presented in this thesis explored and quantified experimentally the role of aging on secondary phase evolution and ensuing effects on the mechanical properties, corrosion behaviour and toughness of UNS S39274 SDSS. The results revealed that chi phase precipitation occurred preferentially before the sigma phase, although chi phase was metastable in the studied alloy. Numerical modelling established that the measured concentration of the precipitated sigma phase follows the prediction by the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami kinetic model. The time-temperature -transformation was computed using experimental data, the results were compared with theoretical predictions. Results established that increase in both sigma and chi phase led to significant drop in the uniform strain and enhancement of the modulus, hardness and yield and tensile strengths. We note that the sigma phase was attacked by corrosion in comparison to other grades of 25Cr SDSS where the sigma phase remains inert to corrosion attack. Pitting corrosion resistance was influenced more by sigma phase than the chi phase composition. Chi phase was more damaging on the toughness than sigma phase. Another key finding is that the corrosion behaviour and fracture behaviour is more sensitive to lower secondary phase volume fraction than the tensile properties.
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Books on the topic "Duplex and super duplex stainless steel"

1

Rieder, Ester Schmidt. The passivity of a super duplex stainless steel. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1997.

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Humphreys, Alan Owen. The low temperature fracture behaviour of the super duplex stainless steel zeron 100. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1997.

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Song, Jin Long. Superplasticity of duplex stainless steel SAF2304. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1997.

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Lyle, Fred F. Stress-corrosion cracking susceptibility of weldments in duplex stainless steels. St. Louis, Missouri: Materials Technology Institute of the Chemical Process Industries, 1989.

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Duplex Stainless Steels (1991 Beaune, France). Duplex Stainless Steels '91: 28-30 octobre 1991 Beaune Bourgogne, France. Zone Industrielle de Courtaboeuf, France: Éditions de physique, 1991.

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Hitch, Daniel C. A. Stress-corrosion cracking of duplex stainless steel in evaporating seawater. Manchester: UMIST, 1997.

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International Conference, Duplex Stainless Steels (4th 1994 Glasgow, Scotland). Papers presented at the fourth International Conference, Duplex Stainless Steels: Glasgow, Scotland, 13-16 November, 1994. Cambridge, England: Abington Publishing, 1995.

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Iris, Alvarez-Armas, and Degallaix-Moreuil Suzanne, eds. Duplex stainless steels. London: ISTE, 2009.

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Iris, Alvarez-Armas, and Degallaix-Moreuil Suzanne, eds. Duplex stainless steels. London: ISTE, 2009.

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Iris, Alvarez-Armas, and Degallaix-Moreuil Suzanne, eds. Duplex stainless steels. London: ISTE, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Duplex and super duplex stainless steel"

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Kuroda, Toshio, Kenji Ikeuchi, and Takeshi Terajima. "Micro Flash Welding of Super Duplex Stainless Steels." In THERMEC 2006, 3979–84. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-428-6.3979.

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Puhakka, Bob. "Premium Quality Super Duplex Stainless Steel Castings without Secondary Refining." In Shape Casting, 79–85. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118062050.ch10.

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Włodarczak, Sylwia, Andżelika Krupińska, Tomasz Kachlicki, Magdalena Matuszak, Małgorzata Markowska, Piotr Krawczyk, Tomasz Rozmanowski, Marcin Janczarek, and Marek Ochowiak. "Influence of Annealing on Structure and Corrosion Resistance of Duplex and Super Duplex Stainless Steel." In Practical Aspects of Chemical Engineering, 483–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39867-5_50.

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Elhoud, A., N. Renton, and W. Deans. "Hydrogen Embrittlement Enhanced by Plastic Deformation of Super Duplex Stainless Steel." In Damage and Fracture Mechanics, 59–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2669-9_7.

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Gaddam, Raghuveer, Guocai Chai, and Peter Stenvall. "Impact Behaviour of Super Duplex Stainless Steel Weldments at Sub-Zero Temperatures." In Frontiers in Materials Processing, Applications, Research and Technology, 333–39. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4819-7_28.

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Kuroda, Toshio, Katsuyuki Nakade, and Kenji Ikeuchi. "Internal Friction Influenced by Hydrogen in Super Duplex Stainless Steels." In Materials Science Forum, 345–50. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-980-6.345.

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Mishra, M. K., G. Gunasekaran, A. G. Rao, B. P. Kashyap, and N. Prabhu. "Friction Stir Processing of 2507 Super Duplex Stainless Steel: Microstructure and Corrosion Behaviour." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 289–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52383-5_28.

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Costa, A. P. O., R. O. Sousa, L. M. M. Ribeiro, A. D. Santos, and J. M. A. César de Sá. "Multiscale Modeling for Residual Stresses Analysis of a Cast Super Duplex Stainless Steel." In Materials Design and Applications III, 47–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68277-4_4.

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Shen, Wei, Fuming Wang, Zhanbing Yang, Changrong Li, Ping Lin, and Xiaojie Zhu. "Investigation of the Crack Initiation and Propagation in Super Duplex Stainless Steel During Hot Working." In 11th International Symposium on High-Temperature Metallurgical Processing, 157–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36540-0_15.

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Dinde, Ganesh, and G. S. Dhende. "Optimizing Parameters for Wet Turning of Super-Duplex Stainless Steel UNS S32760 Adopting Taguchi Methodology." In Lecture Notes on Multidisciplinary Industrial Engineering, 403–15. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4550-4_24.

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Conference papers on the topic "Duplex and super duplex stainless steel"

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An, X., A. Dobson, I. Probyn, and P. Fellow. "Super Duplex/Duplex Stainless Steel Umbilical Tube Resistance to HISC." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20137.

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Super duplex/duplex stainless steel is susceptible to Hydrogen Induced Stress Cracking (HISC) whilst under the influence of Cathodic Protection (CP) systems. Field failure experiences have been reported on super duplex stainless steel components in subsea applications. However, HISC is a non ductile mode of failure caused by combinations of particular conditions associated with hydrogen charging, metallurgical factors of the alloy, stress/strain level and service conditions. DNV RP F112 [4] has been introduced recently and is a guideline for the design of duplex stainless steel components for offshore applications operating under CP systems. Super duplex/duplex stainless steel tubes have been used as components in DUCO umbilical systems for more than 15 years without any failure feedback. A combination of controlling the material microstructure, welding operation design, component stress design, and surface condition design have contributed to this record. This paper describes the design methodology applied by DUCO for the super duplex/duplex umbilical tubes for optimum mitigation against HISC. The influences of the microstructure, stress/strain condition, surface condition and cathodic potential on the seamless super duplex stainless steel (UNS 32750) umbilical tubes resistance to HISC are discussed. Results of laboratory tests using Slow Strain Rate Testing (SSRT), stepwise uni-axial and constant load methods, with reference to offshore oil field application best practice, are presented.
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Lima, A. N. C., F. T. L. Muniz, A. M. L. Batista, and J. M. Sasaki. "RIETVELD REFINEMENT IN SUPER DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL." In International Symposium on Crystallography. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/phypro-sic100-056.

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Naveen Kumar, R., S. Narendranath, A. G. Joshi, M. B. Davangeri, and R. Kadoli. "Effect of thermal treatment on the wear behavior of lean duplex stainless steel and super duplex stainless steels." In National Conference on Challenges in Research & Technology in the Coming Decades National Conference on Challenges in Research & Technology in the Coming Decades (CRT 2013). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2013.2537.

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El-Demellawy, Mona A. "Characterization of Duplex Stainless Steel Weldments." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93167.

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Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS) have found widespread use in a range of industries, because of their high strength with high resistance to stress corrosion cracking and resistance to sensitization-induced intergranular corrosion. The more high alloyed grades [super DSS] are resistant to oxygenated or chlorinated seawater. Consequently, due to the stable mechanical and corrosion properties after thermal aging for long term service at temperatures below 400°C, duplex stainless steel is used in pipes and components in the primary cooling systems in the PWRs (Pressurized Water Reactors). The investigated material was DSS of grade {UNS S31803 (ASTM A790, ASTM 2205)} in the form of pipe. Each weldment specimen was heat treated at one of the following temperatures: 475°C, 600°C, 700°C, 850°C, 1050°C and 1150°C for 1 hour. The ferrite content and hardness tests were performed along the weldment. The impact test was performed according to the ASTM E23 and the examination of intergranular corrosion susceptibility was performed (ASTM A262 - Practice B). The microstructure investigation was carried out by using the light optical microscopy for etched specimens. The SEM with EDAX was used to detect the microstructural changes due to the heat treatment and after corrosion as well as within the fracture surface of the impact specimens. Slight changes were observed at 475 and 600 °C/1 h conditions as compared to the as received condition, while a little loss in ferrite content was observed at 700°C aging condition. This may be the result of precipitation of different types of secondary phases such as χ-phase, ζ-phase, carbides and nitrides. At 850°C, the observed great loss in ferrite content may be attributed to precipitation of σ-phase with large volume fraction. The solution treatment at 1050 °C/1h condition improved the ferrite content values as a result of decomposition of σ-phase. But the ferrite % value does not return back to its original value at the as received condition. On the other hand, when the solution treatment was done at 1150 °C/1h condition, the ferrite content continued to increase to the as received condition as a result of recovery of δ-ferrite inside the structure.
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Kristoffersen, Steinar, and Per J. Haagensen. "Fatigue Design Criteria for Small Super Duplex Steel Pipes." In ASME 2004 23rd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2004-51619.

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Stainless steel pipes ranging in sizes from approximately 10 to 100 mm OD are used extensively in umbilicals for the control and monitoring of underwater installations for oil and gas production. Umbilicals are subjected to tensile loads as well as variable amplitude loading from wave and current actions. Fatigue is therefore a critical issue in the design of umbilical components. Sea water resistant high strength super duplex steel with ultimate strength of typically 800 to 900 MPa is used to save weight and reduce the wall thickness. Some umbilicals installed by Statoil have design pressure up to 1035 bar, which in combination with large dynamic loads from floating production units makes fatigue design of the umbilicals a challenging issue. While the fatigue performance of butt welded pipes for pipelines and risers are established and implemented in design guidance and codes, the experimental basis for design of small diameter piping made of high strength materials is not well documented in the open literature. However, unpublished data from in-house investigations indicate that small pipes in super duplex steel perform significantly better than larger diameter pipes in lower strength materials. It is therefore apparently scope for a “thinness effect”, i.e. a bonus effect that could be applied to the data for large diameter pipes in current codes to account for the higher S-N curves for small stainless steel pipes. This paper reviews some of the fatigue data for piping and compares these data with experimental evidence from a joint industry project. Tentative fatigue design guidance for small diameter super duplex steel piping is presented. Questions concerning special issues such as the possible influence of wall thickness, mean stress and pre-straining due to reeling are discussed.
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Diniz, Anselmo, and Jose Gamarra. "Built up layer formation in the super duplex stainless steel turning." In 24th ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2017.cob17-1947.

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Paranthaman, Venkatesan, and K. Shanmuga Sundaram. "Assessment of Dissimilar Weld Between Duplex Stainless Steel Grades for Severe Corrosive Applications." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-72569.

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This paper deals with the investigations on dissimilar weld between two duplex stainless steel grades AISI 2205 and AISI 2507. Increasing use of duplex stainless steel grades instead of austenitic stainless steel grades are growing day by day. This study is an effort in this direction in particularly focusing the dissimilar welding of super duplex stainless steel (AISI 2507) and commercial duplex stainless steel (AISI 2205) grades. Gas tungsten arc welding process was used in this study to fabricate the defect free weld plate. Microstructural analysis on dissimilar weld was carried out to study the diffusion of alloying elements. Micro hardness analysis, Charpy impact toughness test, tensile test and formability test were carried out and the properties were compared with their corresponding base metal properties. Hot corrosion test was carried out to study the feasibility of dissimilar weld in severe corrosive applications. The findings of this paper try to fulfill the applications where commercial duplex stainless steel grades are frequently gets affected in the weld region due to the severity of corrosive environments and due to the sacrificing weld properties.
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Sakata, Mikihiro, Tomoaki Kiso, Masayuki Tanaka, and Yasuhiro Sato. "Difference in Susceptibility to 475°C Embrittlement of Duplex Stainless Steel Base Metal and Weld Metal." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84361.

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Duplex and super duplex stainless steels are susceptible to thermal aging embrittlement, referred to as 475°C (885°F) embrittlement. The object of this study is to understand the difference in susceptibility to 475°C (885°F) embrittlement of the base metal and the weld metal of these steels. Isothermal aging heat treatment at 300–450 °C (570–840°F) up to 1,000 hours was performed on 22% Cr duplex stainless steel: UNS S32205 and 25% Cr super duplex stainless steel: UNS S32750 and S32760 and these weld metals made using their matching SMAW electrodes or GTAW rods. After heat treatment, the embrittlement behavior was evaluated by Charpy impact test and Vickers hardness test. The results revealed the time-temperature embrittlement curves of the weld metals were displaced to a significantly shorter period of time and extended to lower temperatures compared to those of the corresponding base metals. More importantly, these results suggested that the maximum design temperature limit on these steels currently specified in the ASME Pressure Piping Codes and Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code is not always sufficient to avoid the risk of 475°C (885°F) embrittlement in their welded components.
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An, Bai, Takashi Iijima, Chris San Marchi, and Brian Somerday. "Micromechanisms of Hydrogen-Assisted Cracking in Super Duplex Stainless Steel Investigated by Scanning Probe Microscopy." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28181.

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Understanding the micromechanisms of hydrogen-assisted fracture in multiphase metals is of great scientific and engineering importance. By using a combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and magnetic force microscopy (MFM), the micromorphology of fracture surface and microcrack formation in hydrogen-precharged super duplex stainless steel 2507 are characterized from microscale to nanoscale. The results reveal that the fracture surfaces consist of quasi-brittle facets with riverlike patterns at the microscale, which exhibit rough irregular patterns or remarkable quasi-periodic corrugation patterns at the nanoscale that can be correlated with highly localized plastic deformation. The microcracks preferentially initiate and propagate in ferrite phase and are stopped or deflected by the boundaries of the austenite phase. The hydrogen-assisted cracking mechanisms in super duplex stainless steel are discussed according to the experimental results and hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity theory.
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Bowden, P. L., and J. L. Ward. "Experiences In Welding 25Cr Super Duplex Stainless Steel For Topsides Hydrocarbon Piping." In Offshore Technology Conference. Offshore Technology Conference, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/7316-ms.

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Reports on the topic "Duplex and super duplex stainless steel"

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Hariharan, Vasudevan, and Carl, D. Lundin. Final Report, Volume 3, Guidance Document for the Evaluation of Cast Super Duplex Stainless Steel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861368.

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Hariharan, Vasudevan, and Carl, W. Lundin. Final Report, Volume 3, Guidance Document for the Evaluation of Cast Super Duplex Stainless Steel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861932.

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Hariharan, Vasudevan, and Carl, D. Lundin. Final Report, Volume 4, The Develpoment of Qualification Standards forCast Super Duplex Stainless Steel (2507 Wrought Equivalent). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861370.

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Hariharan, Vasudevan, and Carl, W. Lundin. Final Report, Volume 4, The Development of Qualification Standards for Cast Super Duplex Stainless Steel (2507 Wrought Equivalent). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861933.

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Hariharan, Vasudevan, and Carl, D. Lundin. Final Report, Volume 5, Data Package for ASTM A923 Supporting Inclusion of A890-5A Super Duplex Stainless Steel ( Cast Equivalent of 2507). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861371.

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Hariharan, Vasudevan, and Carl, W. Lundin. Final Report, Volume 5, Data Package for ASTM A923 Supporting Inclusion of A890-5 Super Duplex Stainless Steel (Cast Equivalent of 2507). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/861934.

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Chumbley, S. L. Clean cast steel technology. Determination of transformation diagrams for duplex stainless steel. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/850237.

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Lundin, C. D., G. Zhou, and W. Ruprecht. Ferrite Measurement in Austenitic and Duplex Stainless Steel Castings - Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/14577.

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Lundin, C. D., G. Zhou, and W. Ruprecht. Ferrite Measurement in Austenitic and Duplex Stainless Steel Castings - Literature Review. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/14580.

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Stoudt, M. R. Corrosion fatigue crack initiation in duplex stainless steel paper making components. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6309.

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