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Journal articles on the topic 'Duplex casting'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Kalandyk, B. "Microstructure and Abrasive Wear Resistance of 18Cr-4Ni-2.5Mo Cast Steel." Archives of Foundry Engineering 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10266-012-0111-0.

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Abstract An influence of a decreased Cr content on the microstructure of the highly alloyed Cr-Ni cast steel, duplex type, melted under laboratory conditions, was characterized in the paper. The microstructure investigations were performed in the initial state and after the heat treatment (solution annealing) at 1060°C as well as the phase transformation kinetics at continuous cooling was measured. The wear resistance of the investigated cast steel was tested and compared with the 24%Cr-5%Ni-2.5%Mo cast steel. The Cr content decrease, in ferritic-austenitic cast steels (duplex), from 24-26%Cr to 18% leads to the changes of the castings microstructure and eliminating of a brittle σ phase. In dependence of the casting cooling rate, apart from ferrite and austenite, also fine martensite precipitates occur in the casting structure. It was shown that the investigated cast steel is characterised by a slightly lower wear resistance than the typical cast steel duplex grades.

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2

Abdulkadar, Sama. "RENAL CASTING OF A DUPLEX COLLECTING SYSTEM." International Journal of Advanced Research 7, no. 3 (March 31, 2019): 1087–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/8739.

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3

Niinomi, Mitsuo, Toshikazu Akahori, Tsutomu Takeuchi, and Shigeki Katsura. "Dental Precision Casting of Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr Using Calcia Mold." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 2303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.2303.

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Duplex calcia coating method where firstly fine calcia was coated on wax pattern and then fine calcia reinforced silica fiber was coated on the fine calcia coated wax pattern, that is, duplex calcia coating method, was applied for making mold. The surface of Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr cast using the duplex calcia coating method show very fine metallic lust. The thickness of alpha case formed on the surface of Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr is much thinner comparing with the case where the commercial magnesia mold for casting conventional titanium and its alloys for dental applications is used. The duplex calcia coating method is highly expected to be put into practical use for dental precision casting of Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr. The dental crown of Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr is successfully fabricated using duplex calcia coating method.

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4

Ohmi, Tatsuya, Kazuhisa Takahashi, and Masayuki Kudoh. "Laser Surface Modification of Al-Cr Alloy Castings Produced by Centrifugal Duplex Casting." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 65, no. 11 (2001): 1038–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.65.11_1038.

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5

Panjan, P., M. Čekada, R. Kirn, and M. Soković. "Improvement of die-casting tools with duplex treatment." Surface and Coatings Technology 180-181 (March 2004): 561–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.10.119.

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6

Lee, Sang Mok, S. Yang, S. T. Kim, Y. S. Park, and B. M. Moon. "Centrifugal Casting Practice and Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 2527–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.2527.

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Microstructural features, mechanical properties, and corrosion properties of a SAF2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) were systematically investigated as functions of cooling rate during casting and heat treatment conditions. The choice of a duplex stainless steel was a SAF2205 alloy, of which composition is 0.03C, 21~23Cr, 4.5~6.5Ni, 2.5~3.5Mo, 0.08~0.2N, 1.0Si, and 2.0Mn with remaining Fe. A 5-stepped sand mold and the permanent Y-block mold were used to check the effect of cooling rate during solidification. The microstructural characteristics, such as grain size, the d/γ ratio, the existence of the carbides and σ phase has been noticed to greatly change with the variation of cooling rate during the casting procedure. Various heat treatment conditions were also examined to achieve the optimized mechanical properties of DSS. Based on the preliminary examination, the feasibility study of utilization of centrifugal casting has been carried out for the production of better quality DSS pipe components. Melting and casting practices of DSS during centrifugal casting in an air atmosphere were systematically investigated in order to obtain the optimized process parameters.

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7

Gebauer-Teichmann, Andreas, Klaus Klimek, and Kyong-Tschong Rie. "Multifunktionale Duplex-PACVD-Schichtsysteme im AluminiumdruckgussMultifunctional duplex PACVD layer systems for aluminium die casting." Vakuum in Forschung und Praxis 17, no. 5 (October 2005): 262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vipr.200500268.

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8

Tkachenko, S. S., V. O. Yemelyanov, and K. V. Martynov. "Modern materials and technologies in the production of artificial casting." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 3 (September 10, 2021): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2021-3-78-81.

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The publication highlights the production of artistic castings by investment casting using combined ceramic molds. The features of the application of a refractory coating, duplex curing of ceramic shells, cutting of molds, removal of the model composition, annealing of ceramic molds, pouring and separation of the gating‑feeding system under conditions of mass production are considered. Hydrolyzed ethyl silicate (ETS) and aqueous alkaline silica sol are used as a binder. The hydrolysis is carried out with an acidic catalyst. The strength of forms on an aqueous binder before calcination (bending strength σi) is from 1.5 to 2 MPa. The presented technology allows flexible coverage of the entire range of art products. Castings weighing from 5 to 10 kg can be produced in one batch, which significantly reduces the production cycle.

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9

Takeda, Tohru, and Kazumi Minagawa. "Slip casting of duplex phase stainless steel fine powders." Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 37, no. 2 (1990): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.37.198.

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10

Klimek, K. S., H. Ahn, I. Seebach, M. Wang, and K. T. Rie. "Duplex process applied for die-casting and forging tools." Surface and Coatings Technology 174-175 (September 2003): 677–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0257-8972(03)00365-7.

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11

Haušild, Petr, Clotilde Berdin, Philippe Bompard, and Nicolas Verdière. "Ductile fracture of duplex stainless steel with casting defects." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 78, no. 9 (September 2001): 607–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0308-0161(01)00069-2.

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12

Klimek, K. S., A. Gebauer-Teichmann, P. Kaestner, and K. T. Rie. "Duplex-PACVD coating of surfaces for die casting tools." Surface and Coatings Technology 201, no. 9-11 (February 2007): 5628–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.07.163.

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13

Rovin, S. L., L. E. Rovin, and I. S. Nasevich. "Application of rotary furnaces for melting ferrous alloys." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 1 (April 7, 2020): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2020-1-9-13.

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The article presents the experience of using rotary tilting furnaces (RTF) for melting ferrous alloys, as well as for recycling of dispersed iron-containing wastes (chips, dross, sludge) to obtain high – quality casting alloys directly in the RTF or when implementing the duplex process: RTF-induction furnace or RTF-arc furnace. The main technical characteristics of RTF that developed by Belarusian scientists and designers are described. The most promising areas of application of RTF were shown. An approximate calculation of the economic effect associated with the use of RTF in the production of steel and cast iron castings is performed.

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14

Walkowicz, Jan, Jerzy Smolik, Krzysztof Miernik, and Jan Bujak. "Duplex surface treatment of moulds for pressure casting of aluminium." Surface and Coatings Technology 97, no. 1-3 (December 1997): 453–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0257-8972(97)00203-x.

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15

Jayet-Gendrot, S., P. Gilles, and C. Migné. "Behavior of duplex stainless steel casting defects under mechanical loadings." Nuclear Engineering and Design 197, no. 1-2 (April 2000): 141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0029-5493(99)00262-9.

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16

Soković, M., P. Panjan, and R. Kirn. "Possibilities of improvement of dies casting tools with duplex treatment." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 157-158 (December 2004): 613–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.07.145.

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17

Xiang, Hong Liang, Dong Liu, and Fu Shan He. "Effects of Solution Temperature on Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Casting Duplex Stainless Steel." Advanced Materials Research 146-147 (October 2010): 818–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.146-147.818.

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In this paper, effects of solid solution treatment temperature on microstructure and tensile properties of casting SAF 2507 super duplex stainless steel were researched by means of optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and tensile test. The results indicate that the amount of γ phase increases according to a linear relationship f(g ) = -0.134T +159.94 during the temperatures from 1100°C to 1250°C. Tensile properties of casting SAF 2507 super duplex stainless steel fluctuate with solution temperature change. Austenitic grain size and morphology are the most important factors on tensile property. The tensile strength is the highest owing to the finest austenitic grain at the solution temperature of 1150°C. The elongation is related to the fracture mode. At 1100 , elongation ration is highest because of the ductile fracture.

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18

Terek, Pal, Lazar Kovačević, Aleksandar Miletić, Branko Škorić, Janez Kovač, and Aljaž Drnovšek. "Metallurgical Soldering of Duplex CrN Coating in Contact with Aluminum Alloy." Coatings 10, no. 3 (March 24, 2020): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10030303.

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Coatings deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) significantly reduce the wear of high pressure die casting tools; however, cast alloy soldering still has a strong negative effect on production efficiency. Although a lot of research has been already done in this field, the fundamental understanding of aluminum alloy soldering toward PVD coatings is still scarce. Therefore, in this work the performance of CrN duplex coatings with different roughness is evaluated by a modified ejection test performed with delayed (DS) and conventional casting solidification (CS). After the ejection tests, sample surfaces and layers were subjected to comprehensive characterizations of their morphological and chemical characteristics. Considerably lower values of the ejection force were recorded in DS experiments than in CS experiments. Surface roughness played an important role in the CS experiments, while samples with different surface topographies in the DS experiments performed in a similar fashion. The decrease in the ejection force, observed in DS tests, is attributed to the formation of a thick Cr–O layer on CrN coating which reduced soldering and sliding friction against thick Al–O casting scale. The Cr–O layer formed in DS experiments suffered from diffusion wear by cast alloy. The observed oxidation phenomena of nitride coatings may be utilized in a design of non-sticking coatings.

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19

Sokovic, Mirko, Peter Panjan, and Miha Cekada. "Improvement of tool life of die-casting tools with duplex treatment." International Journal of Microstructure and Materials Properties 1, no. 2 (2006): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmmp.2006.010629.

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20

Xiang, Hong Liang, Dong Liu, Wei Lin Huang, and Fu Shan He. "Effects of N Content on Microstructure and Properties of SAF2906 Casting Super Duplex Stainless Steel after Cryogenic Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 670–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.670.

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SAF2906 is a new kind of super duplex stainless steel, and more corrosion-resistant and strong than SAF2507, suitable to be used in the low temperature and corrosion conditions. In order to prevent the occurrence of microstructure changes resulting in the property deterioration, in the general, the castings made for SAF2906 should be cryogenically treated before they are used in the ultra low conditions. N is an alloying element, usually added to stainless steels to increase the material properties. So, In this paper, the effects of N content on microstructure, mechanical and corrosion resistance properties of SAF2906 casting super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) after cryogenic treatment were studied by means of Optical Microscope(OM), X-ray Diffraction(XRD) and electrochemical workstation. The results indicate that N can increase the amount of γ phase according to a linear relationship of Φ(γ)=99.4×w(N)+6.16. When N content is low or medial, γ phase can precipitate from ferrite. When N content is high, γ phase does not precipitate from ferrite and is converted directly from ferrite and austenite grain boundaries. The higher N content, the greater tensile strength and elongation, the better corrosion resistance. Compared with solution state, cryogenic treatment can improve corrosion resistance.

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21

Chen, Xiang Ru, Hong Gang Zhong, Chang Jiang Song, and Qi Jie Zhai. "Effect of Forced Convection on Grain Refinement of S32205 Duplex Stainless Steel." Advanced Materials Research 683 (April 2013): 626–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.683.626.

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The effects of forced convection on grain refinement of S32205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) were investigated using a continuous casting simulation setup. The sample, which was called slab simulating unit here, was solidified in the continuous casting simulation setup, whose temperature was controlled according to the cooling curve of a DSS slab center, with the bottom cooled by running water to simulate the solidification process of slab. Forced convection was generated by square-wave mechanical stirring. The CET (columnar to equiaxed transition) was gradually promoted by forced convection when the rotation of the crucible speeded up, the microstructure was refined significantly. The average columnar zone length was reduced from 8.2 cm to 4.8 cm, the equiaxed grain average size decreased from 9.5 mm to 1.7 mm, and the microstructure was refined from Widmänstatten plates to island-shaped pieces.

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22

Martins, Marcelo, and Luiz Carlos Casteletti. "Microstructural characteristics and corrosion behavior of a super duplex stainless steel casting." Materials Characterization 60, no. 2 (February 2009): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2008.12.010.

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23

Guo, Chang Qing. "Fabrication & Microstructure of TiB₂+TiC Duplex Particulates Reinforced Carbon Steel Matrix Surface Composite." Key Engineering Materials 575-576 (September 2013): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.575-576.198.

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This paper presents a novel fabrication process that combines SHS with V-EPC (vacuum expandable pattern casting) and microstructural features of TiB2+TiC duplex particulates reinforced surface composite with carbon steel matrix. Macro structural observation shows that the surface composite is dense and there are no obvious defects. Microstructural investigation demonstrates that the composite from surface to core is consisted of three different layers, i.e., the top surface compound layer, the interim transitional layer and the bottom carbon steel matrix. A large amount of fine TiB2 and TiC duplex particles are evenly distributed in the composite matrix, while the concentration are significantly decreased and non-uniform distribution increased for these particles in the interim layer.

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24

Ohmi, Tatsuya, Masayuki Kudoh, and Ken-ichi Ohsasa. "Effect of Casting Condition on Refinement of Primary Crystals in Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy Ingots Produced by Duplex Casting Process." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 56, no. 9 (1992): 1064–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.56.9_1064.

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25

OSADA, Kuniaki, Setsuo UEKOH, Takeya TOHGE, Masato NODA, and Kazuo EBATO. "Superplasticity of a duplex stainless steel produced by a direct strip casting technique." Transactions of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan 28, no. 1 (1988): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational1966.28.16.

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26

Archer, Eric A., and Michael J. Krische. "Duplex Oligomers Defined via Covalent Casting of a One-Dimensional Hydrogen-Bonding Motif." Journal of the American Chemical Society 124, no. 18 (May 2002): 5074–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja012696h.

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27

Wang, H. S., G. Yuan, Y. X. Zhang, G. M. Cao, C. G. Li, J. Kang, R. D. K. Misra, and G. D. Wang. "Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of duplex TRIP steel produced by strip casting." Materials Science and Engineering: A 692 (April 2017): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2017.03.064.

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28

Ho, Wei-Yu, Dung-Hau Huang, Li-Tian Huang, Cheng-Hsun Hsu, and Da-Yung Wang. "Study of characteristics of Cr2O3/CrN duplex coatings for aluminum die casting applications." Surface and Coatings Technology 177-178 (January 2004): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.06.017.

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29

Ohmi, Tatsuya, Makoto Ueda, Youichi Itoh, Kiyotaka Matsuura, and Masayuki Kudoh. "Solidification Structure of Functionally Graded Hypereutectic Al-Ni Alloys Produced by Centrifugal Duplex Casting." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 64, no. 7 (2000): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.64.7_483.

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30

Ceylan, M., V. Kuzucu, M. Aksoy, İ. Aksoy, M. Kaplan, and M. M. Yildirim. "Investigation of the casting microstructure of a Fe-base, CrNiMo duplex alloy." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 69, no. 1-3 (September 1997): 238–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-0136(97)00025-3.

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31

Liu, Shan-shan, Liang Bai, Bo Wang, Yu Yao, Jun-kai Huang, Zheng Chen, and Jie-yu Zhang. "Numerical simulations of solidification and hot tearing for continuous casting of duplex stainless steel." Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 27, no. 6 (May 15, 2020): 643–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42243-020-00406-z.

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32

Stradomski, G. "The Cracking Mechanism of Ferritic-Austenitic Cast Steel." Archives of Foundry Engineering 16, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2016-0101.

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Abstract In the high-alloy, ferritic - austenitic (duplex) stainless steels high tendency to cracking, mainly hot-is induced by micro segregation processes and change of crystallization mechanism in its final stage. The article is a continuation of the problems presented in earlier papers [1 - 4]. In the range of high temperature cracking appear one mechanism a decohesion - intergranular however, depending on the chemical composition of the steel, various structural factors decide of the occurrence of hot cracking. The low-carbon and low-alloy cast steel casting hot cracking cause are type II sulphide, in high carbon tool cast steel secondary cementite mesh and / or ledeburite segregated at the grain solidified grains boundaries, in the case of Hadfield steel phosphorus - carbide eutectic, which carrier is iron-manganese and low solubility of phosphorus in high manganese matrix. In duplex cast steel the additional factor increasing the risk of cracking it is very “rich” chemical composition and related with it processes of precipitation of many secondary phases.

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33

XIANG, Hongliang, Weilin HUANG, Dong LIU, and Fushan HE. "EFFECTS OF N CONTENT ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF 29Cr CASTING SUPER DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL." ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA 46, no. 3 (March 30, 2010): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1037.2010.00304.

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34

Ohmi, Tatsuya, and Masayuki Kudoh. "Refinement of Primary Silicon Crystals in Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloys by the Duplex Casting Process." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 54, no. 6 (1990): 700–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.54.6_700.

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35

Yao, Y. H., J. F. Wei, and Z. P. Wang. "Effect of long-term thermal aging on the mechanical properties of casting duplex stainless steels." Materials Science and Engineering: A 551 (August 2012): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.04.105.

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36

Guo, Chang Qing, Xiao Yan Hua, and Ji Wei Han. "Fabrication of TiB₂/TiC Duplex Particles Reinforced Carbon Steel Matrix Surface Composite." Advanced Materials Research 1052 (October 2014): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1052.40.

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A process that combines a vacuum expandable pattern casting V-EPC with self-propagation high-temperature synthesis SHS of TiB2/TiC particles for the fabrication of the TiB2+TiC duplex particulates reinforced carbon steel matrix surface composite are introduced in this paper. The effect of ferrotitanium addition in the SHS reactants on the macro and micro structures as well as hardness is investigated. It has been found that with the increase of ferrotitanium addition, the concentration of synthesized particles in the layer gradually increases to maximum, then decreases. The hardness gradually decreases from the surface compound layer to core and the maximum hardness of 1682HV is obtained on the composite surface.

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37

Kudoh, Masayuki, Tatsuya Ohmi, and Tadayoshi Takahashi. "Refinement of Equiaxed Crystal and Extension of Equiaxed Region by Duplex Casting of Al-Si Alloy." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 51, no. 10 (1987): 948–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.51.10_948.

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38

Ohmi, Tatsuya, Yasuhiro Tanaka, and Masayuki Kudoh. "Origin of Fine Primary Crystals in Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy Ingots Produced by Duplex Casting Process." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 56, no. 1 (1992): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.56.1_96.

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39

Ohmi, Tatsuya, Yoshiaki Kimura, Youichi Itoh, Masayuki Kudoh, and Kiyotaka Matsuura. "Refinement and Localization of Primary Intermetallic Compounds in Hyperperitectic Al-Cr Alloy by Centrifugal Duplex Casting." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 60, no. 5 (1996): 490–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.60.5_490.

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40

Ohmi, Tatsuya, Yoshiaki Kimura, Youichi Itoh, Kiyotaka Matsuura, and Masayuki Kudoh. "Hardness and Wear Resistance of Functionally Graded Hyperperitectic Al-Cr Alloys Produced by Centrifugal Duplex Casting." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 63, no. 4 (1999): 429–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.63.4_429.

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41

Gyakwaa, Francis, Matti Aula, Tuomas Alatarvas, Tero Vuolio, Qifeng Shu, Marko Huttula, and Timo Fabritius. "Application of Raman Spectroscopy for Characterizing Synthetic Non-Metallic Inclusions Consisting of Calcium Sulphide and Oxides." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6 (March 20, 2020): 2113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10062113.

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The presence of non-metallic inclusions (NMI) such as sulphides and oxides may be detrimental to the control of the steel casting process and product quality. The need for their identification and characterization is, therefore, urgent. This study uses time-gated Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of synthetic duplex oxide-sulphide phases that contain CaS and the oxide phases of Al2O3, CA, C12A7, C3A, and MgO·Al2O3 (MA). Binary phase samples of CaS–MA, C3A–CaS, C12A7–CaS, Al2O3–CaS, and MA–CaS were prepared with varying phase contents. The relative intensities of the Raman peaks were used to estimate the samples’ phase content. For a quantitative estimation, linear regression calibration models were used to evaluate the change in phase content in the samples. The most suitable Raman peak ratios had mean absolute error (MAE) values ranging from 3 to 7 wt. % for the external validation error, and coefficients of determination (R2) values between 0.94 and 0.98. This study demonstrated the use of Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of the calcium sulphide, magnesium aluminate spinel, Al2O3, and calcium aluminate phases of CA, C3A, and C12A7 in a duplex oxide-sulphide system, and it offers potential for inclusion characterization in steel.

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42

Wang, Yu, Yaohong Yao, Zhengpin Wang, Yaohua Jin, Yuyu Gao, Nan Cao, and Jiangnan Liu. "Influence of Thermal Ageing and Specimen Size on Fracture Toughness of Z3CN20-09M Casting Duplex Stainless Steels." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 59, no. 6 (June 1, 2018): 917–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.m2017345.

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43

Ohmi, Tatsuya, Yoshiaki Kimura, Youichi Itoh, Masayuki Kudoh, and Kiyotaka Matsuura. "Refinement and Localization of Primary Intermetallic Compound in Hyperperitectic Al–Cr Alloy by Centrifugal Duplex Casting." Materials Transactions, JIM 38, no. 10 (1997): 879–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans1989.38.879.

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44

OHMI, Tatsuya, Kazuya NAKADERA, and Masayuki KUDOH. "Modification of hipereutectic Al-Si alloys by the Duplex Casting process with addition of Na and P." Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 42, no. 3 (1992): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2464/jilm.42.132.

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45

Zhao, Yan, Weina Zhang, Xin Liu, Zhenyu Liu, and Guodong Wang. "Development of TRIP-Aided Lean Duplex Stainless Steel by Twin-Roll Strip Casting and Its Deformation Mechanism." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 47, no. 12 (October 4, 2016): 6292–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-016-3771-5.

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46

Mapelli, C., M. Bosatra, A. Morini, M. Francese, and A. Vago. "Solidification process, microstructure control and mechanical behaviour in spheres produced in 2205 duplex stainless steel by swirling casting." International Journal of Cast Metals Research 24, no. 5 (October 2011): 314–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743133611y.0000000007.

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Ohmi, Tatsuya, and Manabu Iguchi. "Solidification Structure and Hardness Distribution in Centrifugally Cast Aluminum Alloy Duplex Pipes." Materials Science Forum 631-632 (October 2009): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.631-632.367.

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Abstract:

The solidification structure and hardness distribution in aluminum alloy duplex pipes produced by a two-step centrifugal casting have been investigated. In this process, two kinds of molten metals, i.e., the first melt and the second melt with a higher liquidus temperature were cast in sequence at a given interval into a rotating mold of a centrifugal caster. An Al-12mass%Si alloy was used for the first melt, and an Al-30mass%Ni or Al-32mass%Si-0.1mass%P alloy was used for the second melt. The second melt was cast after the solidified shell of the first melt had formed. The resultant cast pipes consisted of an outer side layer and a composite layer containing fine primary crystals. The outer side layer was a portion of the solidified shell of the first melt that survived after the contact with the higher-temperature second melt. The composite layer consisted of one or two layer(s). When the volume of the remelted part of the solidified shell was large, all the second melt mixed into the first melt and the resulted mixed melt formed the composite layer. On the other hand, the composite layer formed only from the second melt when the temperature of the solidified shell was low. In the intermediate case, the composite layer consisted of these two types of the layers.

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Koga, Guilherme, Lucas Otani, Ana Silva, Virginie Roche, Ricardo Nogueira, Alberto Jorge, Claudemiro Bolfarini, Claudio Kiminami, and Walter Botta. "Characterization and Corrosion Resistance of Boron-Containing-Austenitic Stainless Steels Produced by Rapid Solidification Techniques." Materials 11, no. 11 (November 5, 2018): 2189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11112189.

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Abstract:

The composition of a commercial duplex stainless steel was modified with boron additions (3.5, 4.5, and 5.5 wt.%) and processed by rapid-quenching techniques: Melt-spinning, copper-mold casting, and high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF). Spray deposition was also used to produce alloys as the process may induce rapid-solidified-like microstructures. These processing routes led to microstructures with distinguished corrosion resistance. Among the alloys with different boron contents, the 63.5Fe25Cr7Ni4.5B composition enabled the production of fully amorphous ribbons by melt-spinning. The cooling rate experienced during copper-mold casting, high-velocity oxygen fuel, and spray deposition did not ensure complete amorphization. The crystalline phases thereby formed were (Fe,Cr)2B and (Fe,Mo)3B2 borides in an austenitic-matrix with morphology and refinement dependent of the cooling rates. Fully amorphous 63.5Fe25Cr7Ni4.5B ribbons exhibited outstanding corrosion resistance in chloride-rich alkaline and acid media with negligible corrosion current densities of about 10−8 A/cm² and a broad passivation plateau. Although the specimens of the same composition produced by HVOF process and spray deposition exhibited lower corrosion resistance because of intrinsic porosity and crystalline phases, their corrosion behaviors were superior to those of AISI 1045 steel used as substrate with the advantage to be reinforced with hard borides known to be resistant against wear.

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Guo, Chang Qing. "The Effect of Relative Thickness on Microstructures of TiB2/TiC Particles Reinforced Carbon Steel Matrix Surface Composite." Advanced Materials Research 940 (June 2014): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.940.3.

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This paper introduces a process that combines a vacuum expandable pattern casting V-EPC with self-propagation high–temperature synthesis SHS of TiB2/TiC particles for fabricating the TiB2/TiC duplex particulates reinforced carbon steel matrix surface composite, and the effect of relative thickness δ on metallurgical quality and microstructures. FeTi-FeB-FeCr system with low cost is adopted as the SHS reactant. Experimental results show that with increasing δ, the surface composite is gradually formed and the metallurgical quality improved. The typical microstructures of the composite from surface to core are consisted of three different layers, i.e., the surface compound layer, the interim transitional layer and the carbon steel base. A certain amount of fineTiB2/TiC particles is distributed in the matrix of the surface compound layer.

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Zhu, Chenyang, Wanlin Wang, Jie Zeng, Cheng Lu, Lejun Zhou, and Jiang Chang. "Interactive Relationship between the Superheat, Interfacial Heat Transfer, Deposited Film and Microstructure in Strip Casting of Duplex Stainless Steel." ISIJ International 59, no. 5 (May 15, 2019): 880–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2018-747.

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