Relevant bibliographies by topics / Durable goods, Consumer. Investments

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Durable goods, Consumer. Investments'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Durable goods, Consumer. Investments"

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Li, Zhuangai, and Xia Cao. "Effectiveness of China’s Labeling and Incentive Programs for Household Energy Conservation and Policy Implications." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (2021): 1923. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041923.

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With incomplete information about the potential benefits and costs of energy-using durables, households may be unwilling to invest in products that are more energy-efficient but also more expensive in purchase decisions. To deal with this problem, labeling policy has been developed to guide customers’ energy consumption decisions by providing understandable information to evaluate the energy efficiency of products. Over the last 20 years, China has implemented a series of mandatory and voluntary energy labeling and incentive policies to reduce energy use and improve the energy efficiency of durable goods in dwellings. This study has employed empirical survey data from the Chinese General Social Survey to study the implementation effectiveness of these policies and explore demographic factors behind consumer investments in energy-saving durables by using the logistic regression model. Statistical results show that energy efficiency labeling, incentive programs, education levels, and regional differences of customers appear to be strong predictors for investing in energy-efficient air conditioners and washing machines. House size is a decisive factor in driving consumers to choose energy-saving air conditioners. In light of the above results, the study suggests improved policy for motivating consumers to purchase energy-efficient appliances in dwellings.
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Artha, Bhenu, Bahri, Cahya Purnama Asri, Ardhi Khairi, and Fikri Alamsyah. "The Effect of Crude Oil Price on Merchandise Trade: Evidence from East Asia and Pacific." Journal of Business and Management Review 2, no. 8 (2021): 558–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.47153/jbmr28.1852021.

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One of the most important production inputs is energy, particularly crude oil. The impacts of oil price fluctuations on global trade flows can be understood by the uncertainty channel, fluctuations in oil prices may create uncertainty about the future path of the oil price, causing consumers to postpone irreversible purchases of consumer durable goods, and also causing firms to postpone irreversible investments, and also recent hikes and fluctuations in oil prices since 1999 have attracted attention and invoked concerns about their devastating effects on a variety of economic activities. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of crude oil price to merchandise trade in East Asia and Pacific. This research uses quantitative methods and linear regression analysis. The results of the analysis show that there is negative and significance effect of crude oil price on merchandise trade in East Asia and Pacific for the period 1987 – 2019.
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Hartl, Richard F., Peter M. Kort, and Andrea Seidl. "Decisions on pricing, capacity investment, and introduction timing of new product generations in a durable-good monopoly." Central European Journal of Operations Research 28, no. 2 (2019): 497–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10100-019-00659-4.

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Abstract The aim of the present paper is to analyze how firms that sell durable goods should optimally combine continuous-time operational level planning with discrete decision making. In particular, a firm has to continuously adapt its capacity investments and sales strategy, but only at certain times it will introduce a new version of the durable good to the market. The launch of a new generation of the product attracts new customers. However, in order to be able to produce the new version, production facilities need to be adapted leading to a decrease of available production capacities. We find that the price of a given generation of a product decreases over time. A firm should increase its production capacity most upon introduction of a new product. The stock of potential consumers is largest then so that the market is most profitable. The extent to which existing capacity can still be used in the production process for the next generation has a non-monotonic effect on the time when a new version of the product is introduced as well as on the capital stock level at that time.
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Nölke, Andreas, and Arjan Vliegenthart. "Enlarging the Varieties of Capitalism: The Emergence of Dependent Market Economies in East Central Europe." World Politics 61, no. 4 (2009): 670–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887109990098.

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This article enlarges the existing literature on the varieties of capitalism by identifying a third basic variety that does not resemble the liberal market economy or coordinated market economy types. The dependent market economy (DME) type, as it is named by the authors, is characterized by the importance of foreign capital for the socioeconomic setup and is located in postsocialist Central Europe. Since the collapse of state socialism in the late 1980s, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and the Slovak Republic have introduced a rather successful model of capitalism when compared with other postsocialist states. This article identifies the key elements of the DME model and discusses their interplay. DMEs have comparative advantages in the assembly and production of relatively complex and durable consumer goods. These comparative advantages are based on institutional complementarities between skilled, but cheap, labor; the transfer of technological innovations within transnational enterprises; and the provision of capital via foreign direct investment.
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Mittal, Sharad, and Sanjeev Swami. "What Factors Influence Pioneering Advantage of Companies?" Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 29, no. 3 (2004): 15–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920040302.

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Rapid rate of change in technologies, markets, and other environmental factors makes order of entry as one of the most crucial decisions for business survival and performance in today's world. Pioneering (first-mover) is an important strategy for a firm in today's dynamic and competitive environment. Researchers have shown that, in the developed markets of the world, the pioneers have better performance and profitability than the followers. In this paper, the authors develop a conceptual framework to explain the various factors that might influence a firm's pioneering efforts in the Indian market. They propose specific hypotheses regarding the effect of order of entry on performance (market share, sales, return on investment, and profit before tax) and strategic components (R&D, advertising, promotion, and distribution). They also propose additional hypotheses to examine the association between the strategies and performance, variations within the pioneers group, and the moderating effect of competitive environment on the other relationships. The authors use secondary data from the CMIE PROWESS database to test the various hypotheses. The sample consists of 394 companies across 32 industry segments which include consumer goods industries such as fast-moving consumer goods, beverages, and consumer durables and industrial goods industries such as cables and mining. They have used the same sample of companies at three different points of time (1993, 1997, and 2001) to test the various hypotheses. The sampling frame is the list of Top 500 Indian companies (Business World, October 7, 2002). The results confirm the following aspects: In general, the pioneers perform better than the followers and firms which enter early into the market have larger sales, market share, and profit than followers. Firms which enter first into the market are generally more aggressive in pursuing various strategies such as R&D, advertising, promotion, and distribution. Investments in strategies create entry barriers for competitors who may find it difficult to compete with existing firms as resource requirements are quite high in this scenario. Pioneering advantage seems to be a long-term competitive advantage for busi- nesses as pioneers' performance is consistently better than that of the followers over the years. Although the pioneering effect starts reducing over time in terms of market share, profit margins for pioneers are higher even after considerable length of time. The authors find that there are large variations in the performance within the pioneers group itself which indicates that there are other factors also, apart from order of entry, with potential bearing on firm's performance. The results show that performance (market share) and strategic variables are closely related and dependent upon each other. Further, they find that the effect of order of entry on performance is stronger for those firms that operate in less intense competitive environment than those that operate in more intense competitive environment.
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Somwaru, Agapi, Francis Tuan, and Sun Ling Wang. "Assessing China’s Long Term Export and Income Growth in the Global Markets." International Journal of Economics and Finance 10, no. 9 (2018): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v10n9p98.

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This paper delves into China’s differential growth in exports with high income and developing countries by focusing on bilateral content of China’s trade and particular exports over the time period 1979-2015. In the last 30 plus years, China has specialized in upstream capital goods and exhibited rapid diversification in consumer goods. Performing causality tests reveals a strong evidence of causality from the export growth of capital goods and consumer non-durable goods to gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. There is also evidence that the causality is bi-directional for consumer durable goods, intermediate goods, and primary non-energy goods with income. Econometric analysis shows a positive and statistical significant relationship between income and export growth of capital goods, consumer non-durable goods, intermediate goods, and primary non-energy goods. Trade openness allows stimulation of growth and efficiency as producers in China are exploiting areas in which they have a comparative advantage.
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Gao, Yun Jing, Lin Lin Zhou, and Hui Huang Pi. "Research on Durable Consumer Goods Manufacturer's Pricing Decision." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 4823–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.4823.

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The pricing decision of consumer goods manufacturing enterprise is a very important part in its business strategies. Price of the product is directly related to the ability to obtain the expected earnings. In this paper, based on the analysis of the characteristics of durable consumer goods and the factors that affect the price, considering the continuous product innovation and diversification of consumer demand, psychological factors of consumers, as well as the price timeliness, starting from the quantitative point of view, a dynamic pricing model of durable consumer goods aimed at the maximum value of products was set up. Finally, a numerical example solving by the genetic algorithm was given to verify the feasibility of the model.
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Ismagilova, G. N., I. R. Gafurov, and L. N. Safiullin. "Consumer Demand for Durable Goods under Asymmetric Information." Procedia Economics and Finance 14 (2014): 280–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(14)00713-8.

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Bruce, Norris, Preyas Desai, and Richard Staelin. "Enabling the Willing: Consumer Rebates for Durable Goods." Marketing Science 25, no. 4 (2006): 350–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.1050.0148.

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KLEIN, L. R. "MAJOR CONSUMER EXPENDITURES AND OWNERSHIP OF DURABLE GOODS." Bulletin of the Oxford University Institute of Economics & Statistics 17, no. 4 (2009): 387–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0084.1955.mp17004003.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Durable goods, Consumer. Investments"

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Losito, Vincenzo. "Disintermediating the supply chain of consumer durable goods." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10495.

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Krikke, Hans Ronald. "Recovery strategies and reverse network design /." Online version, 1998. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/29821.

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Kim, Young Chan. "Quality choice games in durable goods industries." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185947.

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This dissertation is concerned with strategic decision processes in markets where products are both durable and differentiated in quality. Thus, a commodity is differentiated in a two dimensional space (a) its consumption time location, and (b) its quality characteristics. Consumers "self-select" a product among various differentiated products. There exists a one-to-one correspondence between a consumer group and a product with a certain quality in a certain period. A monopolist seller, a monopolist lessor, and a sequential entry duopoly seller market are studied in the framework of a two-period, two-quality model. When product diversification is feasible, the monopoly power of the seller is greatly increased. A seller adopts strategic quality introduction sequence so that the amount of competition from the second-hand market is endogenously selected by the seller. Hence, a seller is able to discriminate among consumers in both intertemporal and contemporaneous fashion. Equilibria are sensitive to the speed of technological advancement. If technology develops slowly, a seller adopts a strategic quality introduction sequence such that it introduces high quality first and low quality later, so that the creation of second-hand market is eliminated. When technology advancement is significant over time, a seller introduces low quality first and high quality later, so that a group of consumers will update the quality of the product they consume over time.
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Rånman, Cecilia, and Axel Bendes. "To Gift or not to Gift? : Reciprocity at a Durable Goods Retailer." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-158518.

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Due to intense competition, retail stores are today forced to come up with exciting new sales promotional ideas to remain a relevant choice for customers. Gift giving is a sales promotional tool which has previously demonstrated to increase customer satisfaction and spending - an ideal situation for any retailer. However, gift giving has only been researched and confirmed for retailers that offer consumable goods. It has yet to be measured in a context where it is of greater difficulty for the customer to spend more than planned. This research fills that void by conducting a field experiment at a retail store offering durable shopping products.The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect gift giving has on gratitude, obligation, satisfaction, impulsive buying, and spending at a retail store offering durable shopping products. Through a field experiment, the study tests the effect on these variables of both small and large gifts and explore whether customer spending increases alongside the gift’s monetary worth.To complete the purpose of the study, a case company representing a durable shopping products retailer was selected. A field experiment was setup with two experimental groups and one control group. The results from the manipulation were collected through questionnaires which included questions pertaining to the study’s five variables. The collected data was then analysed through the statistics program SPSS.The only emotion that is affected from providing gifts in this retail environment is obligation, a negative emotion, which in turn decreases customer satisfaction. Since giving a gift only evokes negative emotions, it is concluded that a durable goods retailer should not use gift giving as a sales promotional tool. Additionally, when given a large gift, customer spending decreases considerably. This could imply that gift giving does not work in this retail environment, or that an extraneous variable affected the experiment’s outcome.
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Ellis, Seth Robert. "A psychometric investigation of a scale for the evaluation of the aesthetic element in consumer durable goods." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186560.

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A psychometric scale to measure consumer perceptions of the aesthetic dimensions of consumer durable goods is developed in this dissertation. The scale contributes an approach to measuring how a consumer durable is perceived along various aesthetic dimensions of judgment, an approach to comparing alternative product designs along these dimensions, and a basis for segmenting markets based on consumer responses to aesthetic criteria. The scale development process followed here established the feasibility of a psychometric approach to measuring the perception and evaluation of the aesthetic qualities in the case of common consumer durables. Although there was evidence of reliability problems, the scale generally performed satisfactorily in terms of unidimensionality and discriminant validity. Further, it offered satisfactory discrimination among products that were a priori judged to be of different aesthetic quality. This scale represents an initial effort to calibrate consumption stimuli in terms of qualities apart from those that contribute to their functional value. It provides a way to go beyond uncalibrated consumer utterances and to circumvent the problems surrounding the comprehension of obtuse jargon used in the design literature. Although the present effort focused on consumer durables, the role of aesthetic qualities in core product design, primary and secondary packaging, and in promotional augmentation extends beyond the product categories studied.
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Abdul-Hadi, Ahmad Ibrahim Malawi. "The impact of monetary policy on consumer durable goods : empirical study by using vector autoregression (VAR) models /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9953841.

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Hellstedt, Anna, and Erica Stors. "Kundinvolvering vid utveckling av tjänster : En studie om franchisetagare och kontorschefers syn på kundinvolvering inom fastighetsmäklarbranschen." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-21751.

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Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur existerande NSD-teori kan bidra till förståelse av kundinvolvering av sällanköpsvaror i säljande organisationer. Metod: Vid genomförandet av denna studie har en kvantitativ forskningsmetod tillämpats med ett deduktivt tillvägagångsätt. Den empiriska undersökningen genomfördes via en webbaserad enkätundersökning som sändes ut till 598 franchisetagare och kontorschefer inom fem av de åtta största fastighetsmäklarföretagen i Sverige. Erhållen data analyserades därefter med hjälp av statistikprogrammet SPSS där en faktoranalys, klusteranalys samt korrelationsanalys genomfördes. Resultat & Analys: Vi kan konstatera att det finns både en positiv och en negativ syn till att arbeta och ta fram tjänster i samspel med kunden. Studiens resultat visar dock på att majoriteten innehar en positiv inställning till detta tillvägagångssätt och att detta skulle generera fördelar för företaget. Resultatet visar på både skillnader och likheter jämfört med tidigare befintliga modeller inom NSD och vi kan konstatera att fastighetsmäklarbranschen inte följer NSDmodellen likande andra tjänsteföretag men att den till viss del är applicerbar även inom denna bransch. Uppsatsens bidrag: Denna uppsats ger ett bidrag till fastighetsmäklarbranschen genom att indikera på betydelsen av att involvera kunden i tjänsten samt i utvecklingen av dessa och visar på att det finns en positiv syn till detta. Resultatet pekar på att kundinvolvering skulle generera fördelar för företag inom denna typ av bransch. Det teoretiska bidraget visar dock på att existerande NSD-modeller bör modifieras för tillämpning inom branscher med sällanköpsvaror i säljande organisationer. I och med att tidigare forskning inom NSD inte visar på skillnader mellan olika branscher med olika kundstruktur pekar detta på att vår studie utgör ett bidrag till forskningsdiskursen. Förslag till vidare forskning: Då vi fann att det finns en positiv syn till kundinvolvering hos chefer inom fastighetsmäklarbranschen skulle det vara intressant att genomföra studien ur ett omvänt perspektiv och då istället undersöka hur kunder ser på att involveras i tjänstens utveckling. Med anledning av att studien berör en bransch med engångskunder skulle det dessutom vara intressant att undersöka om befintliga NSD-modeller överensstämmer i en bransch med en annan kundstruktur. Vi tror att resultatet med sannolikhet skulle bli annorlunda i en sådan studie. Med anledning av att detta är en övergripande studie inom fastighetmäklarbranschen skulle det dessutom vara intressant att genomföra en mer djupgående och detaljerad undersökning
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"The value priority hypotheses for purchases of consumer durable goods." Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Alfred P. Sloan School of Management, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/2100.

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Lin, Jack, and 林宜德. "A Study of Consumer Accepting Intention for Used Durable Goods." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13472724610420193431.

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碩士<br>國立東華大學<br>企業管理學系<br>93<br>There appears to be increasing openness to second-hand goods in general, with environmental concern and internet second-hand market booming. The character of second-hand goods are different from the new goods. Through the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and individual fundamental varieties, the major purpose of this study is trying to figure out the factors which are important in contributing to a consumer’s intention to accept, use and purchase, used durable goods, such as clothes, books and electrical equipment. Participants in this study were general citizen lived in Taipei and Hlalien who were over 15 years of age. In total, 669 usable responses were obtained. The conclusions are as follows: 1. Consumer has relatively positive attitude for used books than used clothes and electrical equipment. 2. Thrift is a near-universal motivation. Consumer agree to the environmental conservation value of clothes and books, at the same time, worry the cleaning of clothes and safety of electrical equipment. 3. That Attitude toward the act has much more predictive power to Accepting Intention than Subjective Norm. 4. By the crossover effects, normative beliefs evidently influence Attitude and Accepting Intention. 5. For TRA model, the overall fit is acceptable at this study, the paths were considered significant. 6. The belief structures are better predicting factors than individual fundamental varieties. Keywords: Second-hand, Used, Belief, Theory of Reasoned Action
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Sandfort, Michael T. "An analysis of consumer holdings of durable goods, with and without transaction costs." 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/42699224.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1998.<br>Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 189-194).
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Books on the topic "Durable goods, Consumer. Investments"

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Canada, Canada Industry. Consumer durable goods. Industry Canada, 1995.

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Caplin, Andrew. Durable goods cycles. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1999.

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Bils, Mark. Cyclical pricing of durable goods. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1989.

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statystyky, Ukraine Ministerstvo. Vyrobnyt͡s︡tvo tovariv narodnoho spoz͡h︡yvanni͡a︡ v Ukraïni: Statystychnyĭ zbirnyk. Ministerstvo statystyky Ukraïny, 1994.

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Altar, Moisa. A m odel of economic growth which includes durable and non-durable consumption goods. University of Reading, Dept. of Economics, 1993.

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Thépot, Jacques. Strategic consumer of a durable-goods monopolist. European Institute for Advanced Studies in Management, 1992.

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Al-Ghais, Mona R. Diffusion of consumer durable goods in Kuwait. University of Birmingham, 1985.

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House, Christopher L. Durable goods and conformity. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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Money and consumer durable spending. Garland Pub., 1993.

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Wilkie, William L. Family decision-making for household durable goods. Marketing Science Institute, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Durable goods, Consumer. Investments"

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Hutchens, Stephen P., and Jon M. Hawes. "The Salience of Low Price in the Marketing of Remanufactured Consumer Durable Goods." In Proceedings of the 1982 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16946-0_19.

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Medina, Jose F., and Pavlos Michaels. "The Impact of Social Class on the Ownership of Consumer Durable Goods in Mexico." In Proceedings of the 1990 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13254-9_34.

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Bemmaor, Albert C. "Modeling the Diffusion of New Durable Goods: Word-of-Mouth Effect Versus Consumer Heterogeneity." In International Series in Quantitative Marketing. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1402-8_6.

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Clemenz, Julian, and Malte Brettel. "How the Traits of Brand Personality are Related to Consumer Perception of Specific Quality Dimensions for Durable Consumer Goods." In The Sustainable Global Marketplace. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10873-5_254.

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Mandl, Sylvia, and Nina Tröger. "Possibilities for and Limitations to Consumer Action in the Circular Economy. Perspectives on Prolonging the Use Period for Durable Consumer Goods." In The Circular Economy in the European Union. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50239-3_8.

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Corti, Donatella, and Alberto Portioli-Staudacher. "A Structured Comparison of the Service Offer and the Service Supply Chain of Manufacturers Competing in the Capital Goods and Durable Consumer Goods Industries." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16358-6_78.

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Kanwal, Supreet, Harsh Vardhan Samalia, and Gurparkash Singh. "The Role of Marketing Intelligence in Brand Positioning." In Brand Culture and Identity. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7116-2.ch038.

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The presented study explains the role of Marketing Intelligence (MI) in the brand positioning of select consumer durable goods. This involves examining the usage and application of Marketing Information System (MkIS) by the various marketing professionals for formulating brand positioning strategies related to various consumer durable goods offered by their respective organizations. One of the aims of this study is to design a scale that examines the impact of MI on the identified brand positioning factors derived from the extensive review of literature and exploratory factor analysis. Survey method has been used to collect the responses of marketing professionals working in the select consumer durable companies. The principles of reliability, validity, and sensitivity in the design of scale have been applied to enhance the rigor of the scale thus developed. The study tries to advance the understanding of MkIS and MI research by investigating relationship among marketing intelligence and factors of brand positioning.
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Mukhopadhyay, Debabrata, and Arun Kumar Mandal. "Infrastructure Development and Changing Market Penetration of Consumer Durables in Rural India." In Social, Health, and Environmental Infrastructures for Economic Growth. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2364-2.ch013.

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In recent years, Indian rural market has been gaining increasing attention from researchers in view of its growing importance in huge potential marketing for various consumer durables such as white goods, brown goods and consumer electronics. India has a vast rural market, which consists of around 833 million potential consumers constituting 68.84% of the total population spread over 6.40 Lac villages. Rural India is now exhibiting changing living standard with higher income, modern education and infrastructure development. This is leading to higher demand for several consumer durables such as colour television, refrigerator, two wheelers etc. The urban consumer's durable market is growing annually 10% to 20%. The corresponding rural market is zooming ahead 20% to 40% annually. Thus, this chapter attempts to investigate the changing market penetration of consumer durables in rural India during 1995-96 to 2009-10. This work also finds out the role of per capita income, rural infrastructure in market penetration of consumer durables.
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Arslantürk, Gülten. "The Reconstruction of the “Youth Ideal” in Narrative Advertising." In Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2373-4.ch014.

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It is asserted that the period of aging and society has a high correlation while aging can be considered as a formation of social institutions that provide a specific type of discourse in a life course. It is assumed that this discourse can have the potential to construct hierarchical stratification among age grades which can also cause ageism. It is asserted that a so-called postmodern world is constructed in a discourse where youth and its related ideals are centered in all life activities, which can commonly be observed in advertisements. The aim of this study is to find out how narrative advertisements reconstruct the ideals of the youth in a consumer society by the help of making semi-structural in-depth interviews with people from four different life stages. Three narrative advertisement examples from three different categories such as; service, durable goods and nondurable goods will be chosen and be analysed through discourse analysis.
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Kur, Annette, and Martin Senftleben. "Rationales of Trade Mark Protection." In European Trade Mark Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199680443.003.0002.

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Although trade mark law is generally regarded as forming part of the larger body of intellectual property, the protection mechanism underlying its functioning is distinct from other intellectual property rights. Patents, copyright, or design rights award creative or innovative achievements with a limited period of market exclusivity thus creating artificial scarcity of the respective commodities. This grants the proprietor of such rights the possibility to raise prices above the marginal costs so as to recoup the investments made. Whether and to what extent that strategy is successful and even allows gaining a premium is determined by the market. Trade mark law coincides with that scheme insofar as it also engages market forces to determine commercial gains or losses. However, instead of creating artificial exclusivity of the goods or services offered, it provides a communication channel for entrepreneurs, so as to identify the goods or services originating from their business, distinguish them from competing goods, and transport product-related messages they want to convey to their customers. This, by reflex, provides information to the market, guiding consumer choice towards goods satisfying their demands, and helping to avoid those they do not want, at minimal search costs (see paragraph 1.08 et seq.). Thus, instead of restricting competition on the production level, trade marks are designed as an enabling tool without which competition in today’s mass markets would not function at all.
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Conference papers on the topic "Durable goods, Consumer. Investments"

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Huang, Changfu, and Hongmei Wu. "Executive reputation, market power, and enterprise growth—the empirical analysis based on durable consumer goods industry." In International Conference on Industrial Electronics and Engineering. WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/iciee140811.

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Koychuev, Turar. "Kyrgyzstan: The Hard way to Recovery." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c01.00160.

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The paper analyzes the reasons of the overturn in the power in April 2010, considers the economical difficulties, the country is facing on, the present condition of the economy and its perspectives. It indicates the priorities of the Kyrgyz foreign economic activity. The problems of governing over the economy and social-economical policies are considered.&#x0D; The world economic crisis, undoubtedly, has influenced on the economy of the country. Reduction of international financial resources decreased inflow of foreign investments in the country. The financial crisis influenced on the demand of our export. The import of manufacturing and consumer goods decreased, whereas our republic is very dependent from import. The crisis influenced on technological modernization and renewal of production. In addition, the crisis in our country could provoke to growth of corruption. &#x0D; Nevertheless all these negative conditions could move us to positive solutions. The economy of the country must find effective methods for using internal investments, accumulate them in government and private founds for this could secure the economy in risky situations. It is time to create efficient system of ruling over the economy and activity of the Kyrgyz Republic.
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Reports on the topic "Durable goods, Consumer. Investments"

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Gowrisankaran, Gautam, and Marc Rysman. Dynamics of Consumer Demand for New Durable Goods. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14737.

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Argyle, Bronson, Taylor Nadauld, Christopher Palmer, and Ryan Pratt. The Capitalization of Consumer Financing into Durable Goods Prices. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24699.

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Chah, Eun Young, Valerie Ramey, and Ross Starr. Liquidity Constraints and Intertemporal Consumer Optimization: Theory and Evidence From Durable Goods. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3907.

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Financial Stability Report - September 2015. Banco de la República, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.sem2.eng-2015.

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From this edition, the Financial Stability Report will have fewer pages with some changes in its structure. The purpose of this change is to present the most relevant facts of the financial system and their implications on the financial stability. This allows displaying the analysis more concisely and clearly, as it will focus on describing the evolution of the variables that have the greatest impact on the performance of the financial system, for estimating then the effect of a possible materialization of these risks on the financial health of the institutions. The changing dynamics of the risks faced by the financial system implies that the content of the Report adopts this new structure; therefore, some analyses and series that were regularly included will not necessarily be in each issue. However, the statistical annex that accompanies the publication of the Report will continue to present the series that were traditionally included, regardless of whether or not they are part of the content of the Report. In this way we expect to contribute in a more comprehensive way to the study and analysis of the stability of the Colombian financial system. Executive Summary During the first half of 2015, the main advanced economies showed a slow recovery on their growth, while emerging economies continued with their slowdown trend. Domestic demand in the United States allowed for stabilization on its average growth for the first half of the year, while other developed economies such as the United Kingdom, the euro zone, and Japan showed a more gradual recovery. On the other hand, the Chinese economy exhibited the lowest growth rate in five years, which has resulted in lower global dynamism. This has led to a fall in prices of the main export goods of some Latin American economies, especially oil, whose price has also responded to a larger global supply. The decrease in the terms of trade of the Latin American economies has had an impact on national income, domestic demand, and growth. This scenario has been reflected in increases in sovereign risk spreads, devaluations of stock indices, and depreciation of the exchange rates of most countries in the region. For Colombia, the fall in oil prices has also led to a decline in the terms of trade, resulting in pressure on the dynamics of national income. Additionally, the lower demand for exports helped to widen the current account deficit. This affected the prospects and economic growth of the country during the first half of 2015. This economic context could have an impact on the payment capacity of debtors and on the valuation of investments, affecting the soundness of the financial system. However, the results of the analysis featured in this edition of the Report show that, facing an adverse scenario, the vulnerability of the financial system in terms of solvency and liquidity is low. The analysis of the current situation of credit institutions (CI) shows that growth of the gross loan portfolio remained relatively stable, as well as the loan portfolio quality indicators, except for microcredit, which showed a decrease in these indicators. Regarding liabilities, traditional sources of funding have lost market share versus non-traditional ones (bonds, money market operations and in the interbank market), but still represent more than 70%. Moreover, the solvency indicator remained relatively stable. As for non-banking financial institutions (NBFI), the slowdown observed during the first six months of 2015 in the real annual growth of the assets total, both in the proprietary and third party position, stands out. The analysis of the main debtors of the financial system shows that indebtedness of the private corporate sector has increased in the last year, mostly driven by an increase in the debt balance with domestic and foreign financial institutions. However, the increase in this latter source of funding has been influenced by the depreciation of the Colombian peso vis-à-vis the US dollar since mid-2014. The financial indicators reflected a favorable behavior with respect to the historical average, except for the profitability indicators; although they were below the average, they have shown improvement in the last year. By economic sector, it is noted that the firms focused on farming, mining and transportation activities recorded the highest levels of risk perception by credit institutions, and the largest increases in default levels with respect to those observed in December 2014. Meanwhile, households have shown an increase in the financial burden, mainly due to growth in the consumer loan portfolio, in which the modalities of credit card, payroll deductible loan, revolving and vehicle loan are those that have reported greater increases in risk indicators. On the side of investments that could be affected by the devaluation in the portfolio of credit institutions and non-banking financial institutions (NBFI), the largest share of public debt securities, variable-yield securities and domestic private debt securities is highlighted. The value of these portfolios fell between February and August 2015, driven by the devaluation in the market of these investments throughout the year. Furthermore, the analysis of the liquidity risk indicator (LRI) shows that all intermediaries showed adequate levels and exhibit a stable behavior. Likewise, the fragility analysis of the financial system associated with the increase in the use of non-traditional funding sources does not evidence a greater exposure to liquidity risk. Stress tests assess the impact of the possible joint materialization of credit and market risks, and reveal that neither the aggregate solvency indicator, nor the liquidity risk indicator (LRI) of the system would be below the established legal limits. The entities that result more individually affected have a low share in the total assets of the credit institutions; therefore, a risk to the financial system as a whole is not observed. José Darío Uribe Governor
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