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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Dust; Explosion suppression

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Academic literature on the topic 'Dust; Explosion suppression'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Dust; Explosion suppression"

1

Lin, Chendi, Yingquan Qi, Xiangyang Gan, Hao Feng, Yan Wang, Wentao Ji, and Xiaoping Wen. "Investigation into the Suppression Effects of Inert Powders on the Minimum Ignition Temperature and the Minimum Ignition Energy of Polyethylene Dust." Processes 8, no. 3 (March 4, 2020): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8030294.

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The risks associated with dust explosions still exist in industries that either process or handle combustible dust. This explosion risk could be prevented or mitigated by applying the principle of inherent safety. One effective principle is to add an inert material to a highly combustible material in order to decrease its ignition sensitivity. This paper deals with an experimental investigation of the influence of inert dust on the minimum ignition temperature and the minimum explosion energy of combustible dust. The experiments detailed here were performed in a Godbert–Greenwald (GG) furnace and a 1.2 L Hartmann tube. The combustible dust (polyethylene—PE; 800 mesh) and four inert powders (NaHCO3, Na2C2O4, KHCO3, and K2C2O4) were used. The suppression effects of the four inert powders on the minimum ignition temperature and the minimum explosion energy of the PE dust have been evaluated and compared with each other. The results show that all of the four different inert dusts have an effective suppression effect on the minimum ignition temperature and the minimum explosion energy of PE dust. However, the comparison of the results indicates that the suppression effect of bicarbonate dusts is better than that of oxalate dust. For the same kind of bicarbonate dusts, the suppression effects of potassium salt dusts are better than those of the sodium salt. The possible mechanisms for the better suppression effects of bicarbonate dusts and potassium salt dusts have been analyzed here.

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2

Bi, Haipu, Xiaolong Xie, Kaimin Wang, Yujie Cao, and Hui Shao. "A risk assessment methodology of aluminum dust explosion for polishing process based on laboratory tests." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability 235, no. 4 (January 17, 2021): 627–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748006x20987377.

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The secondary dust explosion ignited by the primary explosion energy often causes greater damage to the just destroyed carrier. Therefore, the study of explosion risk as well as the risk reduction effect with suppression is key guard against the secondary and derivative explosions. A novel risk assessment methodology is presented based on Monte Carlo theory for numerically fitting pressure’s uncertainty changes and Crystal ball simulation for calculating explosion risk and its distribution probability of hazardous explosive dust. Taking the aluminum dust of a polishing process as an example, the fitted results show that the tested explosion pressure in laboratory presents the shape of lognormal distribution with average pressure of 0.27 MPa on the condition of 500 g/m3 aluminum dust with median particle diameter at 35 μm. The simulated results show that the risk possibility of myringorupture injury, pneumorrhagia injury, and structure damage all approaches 100% because of the high explosion pressure considering the potential percentage of injury or damage at 50%. However, the risk possibility reduces to 14.27%, 0.13%, and 42.05% with suppressants of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate at 10%, respectively. The proposed method of risk assessment for dust explosion and its suppression provides scientific basis for strategy optimization of dust explosion protection and safe production of fine explosive dust related industry.

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Vogl, Albrecht, and Siegfried Radandt. "New Findings for Explosion Protection of Bucket Elevators by Design Measures." Advanced Materials Research 508 (April 2012): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.508.127.

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Bucket elevators are devices for the vertical conveying of bulk materials. They can be found in many plants where silos are used. There are different designs of bucket elevators, whereby for the conveying of combustible bulk materials twin-leg bucket elevators are widely used. The conveyed bulk materials might be quite different, e.g. granulates, grains or pellets, which can contain more or less fine dust. The fine dust will be whirled up and dispersed by the moving buckets. Explosive dust/air mixtures can occur inside the elevator. Bucket elevators are frequently reported as causes of dust explosions [1, 2]. Depending on both the practical operating conditions and the explosion characteristics of the bulk material in many cases explosion protection by prevention of ignition sources are not sufficient to minimize the risk of a dust explosion. Therefore, additional explosion protection by design measures is required in order to limit the dangerous effects of a dust explosion. The technical rules or standards, however, which are available for the layout of explosion protection by design measures, e.g. explosion pressure venting or explosion suppression can not be used due to the specific geometry of bucket elevators. Because there was no sufficient data base to design explosion resistant bucket elevators in combination with explosion venting or explosion suppression, large scale tests were carried out on the test site of BGN and FSA in Kappelrodeck, Germany. In this paper the latest results and findings will be presented which can be used for the practical design of explosion venting and explosion suppression on bucket elevators in process industries.

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4

Zavialova, Оlena. "IMPROVEMENT OF MEANS OF LOCALIZATION OF COAL DUST EXPLOSIONS." JOURNAL of Donetsk mining institute, no. 1 (2021): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/1999-981x-2021-1-110-118.

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Purpose. Improving the design of coal dust explosion localization devices to increase their speed, premature creation of an effective barrier from the cloud of extinguishing agent by reliable suppression of the fire front and, as a consequence, stop the spread of explosion on the mine, which will increase personnel protection from negative explosion factors. Methods. A comprehensive approach was used, which includes analysis and generalization of statistical data on explosions of methane-air and dust-air mixtures in mines of Ukraine, critical analysis of means for localization of coal dust explosions, computer modeling of rock deformations during the explosion. Results. The obtained data on the redistribution of explosion energy in the mountain massif allowed to scientifically substantiate a qualitatively new approach to obtaining information about the approach of the shock front. The results of the study confirmed that the loosening of dust accumulations under the influence of seismic waves, which are significantly ahead of the explosion front moving along the production, creates conditions for the formation of explosive dust concentration in front of the fire front. But early signaling from the seismic sensor of the presence of an explosion contributes to the formation of an explosion-proof environment to the approach of the fire front and provides prevention of the combustible environment and the creation of a non-combustible zone in the path of the fire front. Scientific novelty. A fundamentally new approach to explosion detection in mining is substantiated and a new design of a device for localization of coal dust explosions based on the disclosure of the mechanism of explosion energy propagation in the mountain environment is proposed. Practical significance. The use of the proposed device for localization of coal dust explosions allows to accelerate the localization of dust explosions, to create an effective barrier from the cloud of extinguishing agent by reliably suppressing the fire front and as a result to create an explosion-proof environment in mining.

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5

Johnson, Catherine, Barbara Rutter, Christopher Urban, Joseph Schott, David Doucet, Chance Moore, and Kyle Perry. "Small-scale testing of coal dust explosion propagation and relation to active barrier suppression systems." New Trends in Production Engineering 2, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ntpe-2019-0034.

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Abstract Coal dust explosions are a lethal threat to anyone working in an underground coal mine. Many coal mining countries including Australia and much of Europe already utilize passive barrier explosion suppressant systems but due to differences in ventilation patterns in the United States, simple passive systems such as the bagged barrier are not as cost effective. Active systems are triggered by properties of an explosion, such as pressure, heat, or light, and release or project a suppressant into the environment to suppress an explosion. To deploy an active system, the best sensor and suppressant release location and spacing must be determined; this must account for total system latency and explosive propagation speed. A 10:1 model of a longwall entry system has been developed to study the pressure wave propagation of coal dust explosions and consequent triggering of different suppressants. The scaled model, with its removable stoppings, allows multiple potential propagation pathways for an explosion to be repeatedly tested, different from typical straight shock tunnel tests. The layout also facilitates the placement of sensors and cameras to fully observe and document the tests. The pressure wave characteristics found at crosscuts and corners will aid in the development of active barrier trigger systems and spacing of suppressant release locations.

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6

Wang, Junfeng, Xiangbao Meng, Ke Yan, and Jinshe Chen. "Suppression of Aluminum Dust Explosion by Ca(H2PO4)2/RM Composite Powder with Core–Shell Structure: Effect and Mechanism." Processes 7, no. 10 (October 18, 2019): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7100761.

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A Ca(H2PO4)2/RM composite powder suppressant with core–shell structure was prepared with modified red mud (RM) as the carrier and Ca(H2PO4)2 as the loaded particles, using a solvent–antisolvent process, in an attempt to suppress aluminum dust explosion more effectively. The suppression effects of the Ca(H2PO4)2/RM composite powder suppressant for aluminum dust flame propagation and for explosion overpressure were tested in a vertical glass tube test apparatus and a 20 L explosion vessel. The results show that the Ca(H2PO4)2/RM composite powder suppressant was more effective in suppressing aluminum dust flame propagation and explosion overpressure than either Ca(H2PO4)2 or RM powder alone. Finally, the suppression mechanism of the Ca(H2PO4)2/RM composite powder suppressant was analyzed. On the one hand, a large amount of burning heat was absorbed through the decomposition of Ca(H2PO4)2 and the melting phase transformation of the decomposition product; on the other hand, the strong isolation provided by the RM helped limit flame propagation. The strong adsorptivity of RM allowed this material to adsorb the radicals from the explosion reaction perfectly.

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Wang, Yan, Chen-di Lin, Ying-quan Qi, Bei Pei, Lan-yun Wang, and Wen-tao Ji. "Suppression of polyethylene dust explosion by sodium bicarbonate." Powder Technology 367 (May 2020): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2020.03.049.

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8

Oleszczak, P., and R. Klemens. "Mathematical modelling of dust–air mixture explosion suppression." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 19, no. 2-3 (March 2006): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2005.05.013.

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9

Amrogowicz, J., and W. Kordylewski. "Effectiveness of dust explosion suppression by carbonates and phosphates." Combustion and Flame 85, no. 3-4 (June 1991): 520–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(91)90155-5.

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Huang, Chuyuan, Xianfeng Chen, Bihe Yuan, Hongming Zhang, Huaming Dai, Song He, Ying Zhang, Yi Niu, and Shifei Shen. "Suppression of wood dust explosion by ultrafine magnesium hydroxide." Journal of Hazardous Materials 378 (October 2019): 120723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.116.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Dust; Explosion suppression"

1

Morgan, Tony. "The arresting of explosions to minimise environmental damage." Thesis, Brunel University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324654.

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Castellanos, Duarte Diana Yazmin. "The Influence of Particle Size and Crystalline Level on the Combustion Characteristics of Particulated Solids." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151190.

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Over the past years, catastrophic dust explosion incidents have caused numerous injuries, fatalities and economical losses. Dust explosions are rapid exothermic reactions that take place when a combustible dust is mixed with air in the presence of an ignition source within a confined space. A variety of strategies are currently available to prevent dust explosion accidents. However, the recurrence of these tragic events confirms flaws in process safety for dust handling industries. This dissertation reports advances in different approaches that can be followed to prevent and mitigate dust explosions. For this research, a 36 L dust explosion vessel was designed, assembled and automated to perform controlled dust explosion experiments. First, we explored the effect of size polydispersity on the evolution of aluminum dust explosions. By modifying systematically the span of the particle size distribution we demonstrated the dramatic effect of polydispersity on the initiation and propagation of aluminum dust explosions. A semi-empirical combustion model was used to quantify the laminar burning velocity at varying particle size. Moreover, correlations between ignition sensitivity and rate of pressure rise with polydispersity were developed. Second, we analyzed the effect of particle size and crystalline levels in the decomposition reactions of explosion inhibitor agents (i.e., phosphates). We fractionated ammonium phosphate- monobasic (NH_4H_2PO_4) and dibasic ((NH_4)_2HPO_4) at different size ranges, and synthesized zirconium phosphate (Zr(HPO_4)_2·H_2O) at varying size and crystalline levels. Particle size was found to be crucial to improve the rate of heat absorption of each inhibitor. A simplified model was developed to identify factors dominating the efficiency of dust explosion inhibitors. Finally, we conducted computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations to predict overpressures in dust explosions vented through ducts in large scale scenarios. We particularly focused on the adverse effects caused by flow restrictions in vent ducts. Critical parameters, including ignition position, geometric configuration of the vent duct, and obstructions of outflow such as bends and panels were investigated. Comparison between simulation and experimental results elucidated potential improvements in available guidelines. The theoretical analyses complemented the experimental work to provide a better understanding of the effects of particle size on the evolution of dust explosions. Furthermore, the validation of advanced simulation tools is considered crucial to overcome current limitations in predicting dust explosions in large scale scenarios.

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WANG, SHENG-HSUN, and 王聖勛. "The Study of Early Suppression of Gas Explosion in Duct." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y3s9fv.

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碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
環境與安全衛生工程系碩士班
105
On the midnight of July 31st, 2014, a catastrophic vapor cloud explosion occurred in the downtown of Kaohsiung city. The explosion was caused by leak and ignition from an accidental leak of large amount of flammables from a pipeline into a long, underground trench resulting in extensive damage and fatalities. It is very difficult to suppress the explosion. Typical explosion suppression methods such as water mist, inert powder and other applications for the underground applications are not very effective. It is crucial to find effective method of explosion suppression and is also the focus of this study. In this work, we proposed a concept of suppression the flame propagation rather than the explosion overpressure by injecting inert gas into the underground duct. Experimental studies were carried for the suppression of flame propagation in one section of a two-in tube to another section with flammable mixtures. In current experiment, a plastic film will be used for the segmentation of the duct, separating the ignition section, suppression section, flammable section. The duct was closed at ignition end and open at the other end. GC-TCD gas analysis were perform to confirm the propylene concentration. Several photodiodes were installed on the duct to capture the flame propagation when ignited. The critical length of the inert gas section required for successful suppression is determined to be less than 0.3 m for a 3-m ignition section containing propylene/air mixture near stoichiometric concentration. The result is promising as the required amount of inert gas is relatively small in comparison to the flammable gases and will be validated in a large duct in the future.

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Books on the topic "Dust; Explosion suppression"

1

Edwards, John C. Model of coal dust explosion suppression by rock dust entrainment. PGH. [i.e. Pittsburgh] Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1988.

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2

Edwards, John C. Model of coal dust explosion suppression by rock dust entrainment. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1988.

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3

Schofield, Clive, and John A. Abbott. Guide to Dust Explosion Prevention and Protection: Ignition Prevention, Containment, Inerting, Suppression and Isolation, Part 2 (Ignition Prevention, Containment, Inerting, Suppression & Is). Butterworth-Heinemann, 1989.

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4

Dust fires and dust explosions: Hazards - assessment - protective measures : suppression of dust explosions. Milton Keynes: Technical Help to Exporters, British Standards Institution, 1989.

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Conference papers on the topic "Dust; Explosion suppression"

1

Wang, Qiuhong, Zhongyi Shen, and ChiMin Shu. "Explosion Suppression Mechanism of Flame Retardant Powders on Aluminum Dust Cloud Explosion." In 2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icfsfpe48751.2019.9055858.

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2

Marshall, Daniel. "Improving Dust Control to Upgrade PRB Coal Handling." In ASME 2013 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2013-98096.

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Plant management had a mission: to make the Midwestern 646-megawatt power plant a leader in the clean and safe handling of PRB coal. To accomplish that goal, the organization embarked on an ambitious five-year plan to upgrade the plant’s coal handling system. The plant improved its conveyor transfer points, and installed new dust management systems, controlling dust and spillage, and improving plant safety and efficiency. This presentation will discuss the initial surveys that led to the development of the 5-year plan, and the resulting project priorities, the problem areas, application points identified, and the various technologies applied. Included in the goals for the upgraded systems installed were the elimination of spillage through the improvement of transfer points on coal-handling conveyors using improved belt support and sealing systems. In addition, new air cleaners were installed at seven loading zones, and a foam dust-suppression system added at one location to provide dust management throughout the plant’s coal handling system. These new dust control systems allowed the plant to eliminate its older central dust collection system that had greater risks of explosions. A continued series of monthly inspection and service visits by conveyor maintenance technicians helps continue the coal handling system’s high levels of performance. This five-year plan helped the power plant take “great leap forward” in controlling dust and spillage from handling PRB coal.

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Saji, Genn. "Preliminary Forensic Engineering Study on the Fukushima Accident." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66015.

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Even after 6 years since the accident, the exact accident progression for each unit and location of core debris has not been clarified. Currently efforts are directed towards robotic inspection with remote cameras, as well as dose and temperature measurements of the environment inside of the Primary Containment Vessels (PCV). In spite of their effort, the observed environmental data do not support the existence of a large radiation heat sources attributable to the molten core at the bottom of the Primary Containments. Under this situation the author has conducted a forensic engineering study (i.e., different fields of science work together to collect and integrate independent evidences) to clarify the most likely accident scenarios of the Fukushima Daiichi accident. Through this study the author found that the environmental contamination and public exposure could have been substantially mitigated should the following vulnerabilities have been removed before the accident: (1) The threat of hydrogen generation through “radiation-induced electrolysis”. (2) Potential threat of “internal hydrogen explosion” in the suppression pools. The atmosphere on top of the suppression pool water (cover gas) should have been nitrogen. (3) Potential threat of “internal hydrogen explosion” in pipes which had occurred in the case of the Hamaoka Unit 1 accident. (4) The leak rate of PCV should have been testable at its design pressure. Intrinsic safety factor of the containment flanges against effluent leakage should have been rated as a 3 for functional integrity of the PCV. (5) Spread of hydrogen gas from vent lines through duct networks connected to SGTS. The hardened vent line should be independent and provided with filters for Dry Well venting. No rupture disks should have been installed in the vent lines.

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