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1
Simion Beldean-Galea, Mihail, Florina-Maria Copaciu, and Maria-Virginia Coman. "Chromatographic Analysis of Textile Dyes." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 101, no. 5 (2018): 1353–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.18-0066.
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Abstract The textile industry uses many raw materials (natural and synthetic dyes and fibers) and different dyeing techniques that can be considered important pollutants with a negative impact on the environment (toxic working conditions, discharged wastewater, and contamination). Although synthetic dyes are intensively used, offer a wide range of colors and hues and properties of adhesion, longevity, and resistance to sunshine and chemical processes, and are cost-effective, they have begun to be restricted by many textile producers because they are nonbiodegradable and have toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects that generate some imbalances in plant, animal, and human life. Natural dyes of plant and animal origin exhibit very good tolerance to washing, rubbing, and light and are biodegradable and nontoxic; these properties have led to a call for the renewed use of these dyes. Modern analytical techniques (solid-phase extraction, spectrophotometry, HPLC, HPTLC, capillary electrophoresis) with different spectroscopy (UV-Vis, diode-array detection, pulsed amperometric detection) and/or MS/tandem mass spectrometry detectors have an important role in the textile industry in obtaining essential information about dyeing techniques, material origin, historical trade routes of ancient textiles, and environmental pollution. For this purpose, isolation, separation, and quantification methods of natural and synthetic textile dyes from various matrices (ancient and modern fabrics, water, biota, etc.) are presented.
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Dixit, Bharat C., Hitendra M. Patel, Dhirubhai J. Desai, and Ritu B. Dixit. "Studies on Dyeing Performance of Novel Acid Azo Dyes and Mordent Acid Azo Dyes Based on 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone." E-Journal of Chemistry 6, no. 2 (2009): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/393498.
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Novel acid azo and mordent acid azo dyes have been prepared by the coupling of diazo solution of different aminonaphthol sulphonic acids and aromatic amino acids with 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone. The resultant dyes were characterized by elemental analysis as well as IR and1H NMR spectral studies. The UV-visible spectral data have also been discussed in terms of structure property relationship. The dyeing assessments of all the dyes were evaluated on wool and silk textile fibers. The dyeing of chrome pretreated wool and silk have also been monitored. The result shows that better hue was obtained on mordented fiber. Results of bactericidal studies of chrome pretreated fibers revealed that the toxicity of mordented dyes against bacteria is fairly good. Dyeing on wool and silk fibers resulted in yellowish pink to reddish brown colourations having excellent light fastness and washing fastness.
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Manicketh, Tintu Jose, and Mannancheril Sebastian Francis. "Extraction of natural colorants from Araucaria columnaris, Macaranga peltata and Averrhoa bilimbi for textile coloration." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 32, no. 6 (2020): 789–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-06-2019-0075.
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PurposeThe paper aims to investigate the feasibility of developing natural dyes from the barks of Araucaria columnaris and leaves of Macaranga peltata, Averrhoa bilimbi. The paper also deals with the application of natural dyes in textile coloration.Design/methodology/approachDye extraction was carried out using the aqueous method. The dyeability of the aqueous extract was assessed on cotton, silk and polyester yarns using different mordants (alum, acetic acid, CuSO4, lemon juice) and without mordant. UV–Visible spectral analysis and pH of different natural dyes were determined. Percent absorption, K/S values, CIELab values and fastness properties of the selected dyed yarns were also assessed.FindingsThe percentage values for dye exhaustion differed with various mordants. The K/S values were found to be influenced by the addition of mordants. Different hues were obtained with the usage of different mordants. Fastness results exhibited good to very good grades.Research limitations/implicationsThe effective application of aqueous method of dye extraction in the study avoids solvent toxicity. The current results proved that the dyeing could be achieved at room temperature for different yarns (cotton, silk, polyester). At present, no report exists in the literature of research work on the extraction of natural dyes from the leaves of M. peltata, A. bilimbi and their dyeing potential on cotton, silk and polyester.Practical implicationsThe present work offers new environment-friendly dye as well as simple dyeing method. Barks and leaves are promising sources of dye. Enormous availability of barks and leaves avoids the exploitation of the plant parts for the extraction of natural dyes.Originality/valueThe important feature of this study was the effective dyeing of natural and synthetic fibers at room temperature. The novel sources of natural dyes would contribute significantly to the existing knowledge of dyeing, and the natural dyes reduce the environmental impact of synthetic dyes.
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Gabardo, Rafaela Stefanie, Dayane Samara de Carvalho Cotre, Manuel José Lis Arias, et al. "Surface Modification of Polyester Fabrics by Ozone and Its Effect on Coloration Using Disperse Dyes." Materials 14, no. 13 (2021): 3492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14133492.
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Polyester fibers (PES) are the most consumed textile fibers due to their low water absorption; non-ionic character and high crystallinity. However, due to their chemical structure, the chemical interactions between polyester, finishing products, and dyes are quite challenging. We report on the use of ozone to modify the surface of polyester fibers with the goal of improving the interaction of the modified surface with finishing compounds and dyes. We used C.I. Disperse Yellow 211 to dye ozone-treated polyester fabrics and evaluated the effects of ozone treatment using FTIR-ATR, Raman spectroscopy, SEM imaging, rubbing tests, and capillarity measurements. We evaluated the dyeing performance via color analysis, and determined the dyeing kinetics. Experimental results indicate that the modification of polyester fabrics with ozone is a feasible pre-treatment that improves dyeing efficiency allowing better solidity of color and a decrease in the amount of dye required.
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Oliveira, Fernando R., A. P. Souto, Noemi Carneiro, and J. H. O. Nascimento. "Surface Modification on Polyamide 6.6 with Double Barrier Discharge (DBD) Plasma to Optimise Dyeing Process by Direct Dyes." Materials Science Forum 636-637 (January 2010): 846–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.636-637.846.
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Dyeing of polyamide fibers is normally made with acid dyes, however, it is somewhat difficult to achieve uniformity and control of pH and temperature must be carefully made. The possibility to dye polyamide 6.6 in a larger gamut of colours with good properties may be achieved using other classes of dyes after plasmatic modifications in textile substrates. Polyamide 6.6 fabrics were treated with Double Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma obtained at atmospheric conditions in a semi-industrial machine and very positive results were obtained when dyeing is made with direct dyes. Surface modifications were evaluated, namely, roughness in terms of Atomic Force Microscopy, changes in chemical composition by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and microstructural analysis by SEM. In order to optimize dyeing process, different dye concentrations, pH and temperatures were attempted on dyeing with DBD treated fabrics. Important parameters were studied such as exhaustion, colour strength (K/S) and washing fastness. Chemical and physical effects of plasmatic discharge contribute to excellent results obtained in yield, exhaustion and fastness of dyeing of polyamide with direct dyes demonstrating extensive improvement of dye exhaustion from baths, easily achieving 100% in shorter dyeing times. These results mean less dyes in effluents and less time for dyeing processes. The cleanness of the processes and lower cost of direct dyeing are additional advantages when compared to difficulties in acidic dyeing of polyamide.
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Telegin, Felix, Irina Shushina, Jian Hua Ran, Yulia Biba, Aleksandr Mikhaylov, and Viktoriia Priazhnikova. "Structure – Property Relationships for Dyes of Different Nature." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 488–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.488.
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Systematic analysis of quantitative structure – property relationships for dyes of different nature has been reviewed. On the basis of the experimental results published in the literature and theoretical evaluation of amphiphilic and electrophilic properties of dyes of different nature several basic conclusions of scientific and practical importance are proposed. It was found that water/octanol partition coefficients exhibit correlation with dye partition between hydrophobic synthetic fibres and dyebath as well as dye affinity. Hydrophobicity of dyes controls several technical properties of dyes and dyeings, such as wash fastness and light fastness, migration factor, rate of dyeing and fixation rate. Energy of frontier electronic orbitals (HOMO and LUMO energies) correlates with different properties characterizing redox properties of dyes: oxidative and reductive destruction in chemical reactions, photochemical and biochemical destruction of dyes, wash and light fastness of dyeings. The results of this study are useful for physico-chemical analysis of dye sorption by textile fibres, destruction of dyes in polymers and solutions as well as for design of new dyes of high quality.
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Dixit, Bharat, Hitendram Patel, and Dhirubhai Desai. "Synthesis and application of new mordent and disperse azo dyes based on 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 72, no. 2 (2007): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0702119d.
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Novel mordent and disperse azo dyes were prepared by the coupling of various diazo solutions of aromatic amines with 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone. The resultant dyes were characterized by elemental analyses as well as IR and NMR spectral studies. The UV-visible spectral data have also been discussed in terms of structural property relationship. The dyeing assessment of all the dyes was evaluated on wool and polyester textile fibers. The dyeing of chrome treated (i.e., chrome mordented) wool and polyesters was also monitored. The results show that a better hue was obtained on mordented fibers. The results of the anti-bacterial properties of the chrome dyes revealed that the toxicity of these dyes against bacteria is fairly good. .
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Vadood, Morteza, and Aminoddin Haji. "Application of ANN Weighted by Optimization Algorithms to Predict the Color Coordinates of Cellulosic Fabric in Dyeing with Binary Mix of Natural Dyes." Coatings 12, no. 10 (2022): 1519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12101519.
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Cotton is one of the most important fibers used in the textile industry. The dyeing of cotton with synthetic anionic dyes consumes large amounts of salt and alkali, which makes it a challenge for the environment. Furthermore, the relatively high percentage of synthetic dyes remaining in the dyebath is a potential threat for the environment and human health. The application of plant-derived natural dyes has recently been considered as a promising approach to overcome this problem. Optimization of the dyeing process and prediction of the values of the color coordinates of dyed textiles have always been among the most pronounced challenges in the textile industry, especially when a mixture of dyes or mordants is used. In this study, alum was used for mordanting of cotton and two natural dyes—namely, weld and madder—were used for the dyeing. The samples were dyed with various combinations of mordant, weld, and madder for the weight of the fabric and statistical analysis revealed that all three mentioned parameters were effective in determining the color coordinates. To determine the best model to predict the color coordinates of cotton fabrics, the regression method and ANN models weighted with back-propagation (BP) and optimization algorithms, such as the genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, gray wolf optimization, FMINCON (a built-in function of MATLAB software) and a combination of particle swarm optimization and FMINCON (PSO-FMIN), were employed and compared based on the mean squared error (MSE). The obtained results revealed that using the PSO-FMIN algorithm for ANN weighting led to higher accuracy in the prediction of color coordinates. The MSEs obtained for ANN outputs and the corresponding actual values reached 2.02, 1.68 and 1.39 for the l*, a* and b* coordinates, which were 44%, 23% and 26% better than the result obtained with BP, respectively.
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Popescu, Vasilica, Ingrid Ioana Buciscanu, Melinda Pruneanu, et al. "Sustainable Functionalization of PAN to Improve Tinctorial Capacity." Polymers 13, no. 21 (2021): 3665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13213665.
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This study may open a new way to obtain the coloration of a polymer during functionalization. Two polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polymers in the form of textile fibers (Melana and Dralon L) were subjected to functionalization treatments in order to improve the dyeing capacity. The functionalizations determined by an organo-hypervalent iodine reagent developed in situ led to fiber coloration without using dyes. KIO3 was formed in situ from the interaction of aqueous solutions of 3–9% KOH with 3–9% I2, at 120 °C. The yellow-orange coloration appeared as a result of the transformations in the chemical structure of each functionalized polymer, with the formation of iodinehydrin groups. The degree of functionalization directly influenced the obtained color. The results of the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Map and Temogravimetric Analysis (TG) plus Differential Thermal (DTA) analyses indicated the presence of new functional groups, such as iodine-oxime. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the change of the crystalline/amorphous ratio in favor of the former. The new groups introduced by functionalization make it possible to dye with classes of dyes specific to these groups, but not specific to PAN fibers, thus improving their dyeing capacity.
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Su, Ting, Ying Han, Hongyan Liu, Lixin Li, Zongcai Zhang, and Zhengjun Li. "The surface modification by O2 low temperature plasma to improve dyeing properties of Rex rabbit fibers." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 14 (January 2019): 155892501985402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925019854024.
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Dyeability of the fiber plays a very important role in the textile industry. The presence of cuticle scales on the surface of Rex rabbit fibers brings difficulties to dyeing process. In this study, O2 low temperature plasma was used to improve the dyeability of Rex rabbit fibers and the two key parameters including the treating time and discharge power were optimized during O2 low temperature plasma treatment. The impact of plasma treatment on the surface morphology, physical-chemical properties, and dyeing behavior of Rex rabbit fibers using anionic dyes were investigated by a series of characterization methods such as scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared–attenuated total reflection, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The surface dyeability and color fastness were studied by K/S measurement and washing fastness, respectively. The influence of O2 low temperature plasma treatment on the mechanical properties of Rex rabbit fibers was inspected by the tensile strength measurement. The wettability of the samples was evaluated in terms of wetting time and contact angle. The O2 low temperature plasma treatment resulted in a dramatic improvement in wettability of Rex rabbit fibers. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared–attenuated total reflection analysis show that oxygen plasma treatment led to a significant increase in the content of sulfur oxides and polar groups such as (–C=O, –OH, and –NH2) on the fiber surface and resulted in reinforced wettability, dyeing rate and dyeing fixation of Rex rabbit fibers.
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Sukenik, Naama, David Iluz, Zohar Amar, Alexander Varvak, Orit Shamir, and Erez Ben-Yosef. "Early evidence of royal purple dyed textile from Timna Valley (Israel)." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (2021): e0245897. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245897.
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In the context of a broad study aimed at examining dyeing technologies in the Timna textiles collection, three samples of prestigious fibers dyed with murex sea snail were identified. Our identification is based on the presence of 6-monobromoindigotin and 6,6-dibromoindigotin components (detected using HPLC analysis), which is considered unequivocal evidence for the use of murex-derived purple dyestuff. Furthermore, by comparing the analytical results with those obtained in a series of controlled dyeing experiments we were able to shed more light on the specific species used in the dyeing process and glean insights into the ancient dyeing technology. The samples originated from excavations at the extensive Iron Age copper smelting site of “Slaves’ Hill” (Site 34), which is tightly dated by radiocarbon to the late 11th–early 10th centuries BCE. While evidence for the important role of purple dyes in the ancient Mediterranean goes back to the Middle Bronze Age (early 2nd millennium BCE), finds of dyed textiles are extremely rare, and those from Timna are the oldest currently known in the Southern Levant. In conjunction with other observations of the very high quality of the Timna textiles, this provides an exceptional opportunity to address questions related to social stratification and organization of the nomadic society operating the mines (early Edom), the “fashion” of elite in the region during the early Iron Age, trade connections, technological capabilities, and more.
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Shams Nateri, A., E. Dehnavi, A. Hajipour, and E. Ekrami. "Dyeing of polyamide fibre with cochineal natural dye." Pigment & Resin Technology 45, no. 4 (2016): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-05-2015-0043.
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Purpose The aim of the paper was to study the effects of mordanting methods on the absorption behaviour of cochineal natural dye on polyamide fibres. Design/methodology/approach Iron sulphate and aluminium potassium sulphate salts were used as mordanting agents, and bottom mordanting, meta-mordanting and after mordanting methods were applied in the dyeing of polyamide samples with the cochineal natural dye. Colourimetric evaluations were carried out, and the principal component analysis was used to investigate the spectrophotometric properties of the dyed samples. Fastness properties of the dyed samples were also assessed. Findings The obtained results indicate that the method of mordanting has a great effect on the obtained shades, absorption behaviour and fastness properties. Based on the results, it was concluded that polyamide fabrics could be successfully dyed with cochineal and combination of dyeing with different mordanting methods, and different mordanting agents would develop the range of obtainable shades. Originality/value The textile and apparel industries have been widely criticised for their role in polluting the environment. So, the use of synthetic dyes has been limited and the use of natural dyes has increased. The literature survey indicates that there have been relatively few works investigating the dyeing of polyamide with cochineal natural dye. This research studies the effects of mordanting methods and mordant types on colourimetric and fastness properties of cochineal-dyed polyamide samples.
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Herrala, Mikko, Johanna Yli-Öyrä, Anjaína Fernandes de Albuquerque, et al. "Waterless Dyeing and In Vitro Toxicological Properties of Biocolorants from Cortinarius sanguineus." Journal of Fungi 8, no. 11 (2022): 1129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof8111129.
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As a part of an ongoing interest in identifying environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic dyes and in using liquid CO2 as a waterless medium for applying the resulting colorants to textiles, our attention turned to yellow-to-red biocolorants produced by Cortinarius sanguineus fungus. The three principal target anthraquinone colorants (emodin, dermocybin, and dermorubin) were isolated from the fungal bodies using a liquid–liquid separation method and characterized using 700 MHz NMR and high-resolution mass spectral analyses. Following structure confirmations, the three colorants were examined for dyeing synthetic polyester (PET) textile fibers in supercritical CO2. We found that all three biocolorants were suitable for dyeing PET fibers using this technology, and our attention then turned to determining their toxicological properties. As emodin has shown mutagenic potential in previous studies, we concentrated our present toxicity studies on dermocybin and dermorubin. Both colorants were non-mutagenic, presented low cellular toxicity, and did not induce skin sensitization. Taken together, our results indicate that dermocybin and dermorubin possess the technical and toxicological properties needed for consideration as synthetic dye alternatives under conditions that are free of wastewater production.
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Salem, Mohamed Z. M., Ibrahim H. M. Ibrahim, Hayssam M. Ali, and Hany M. Helmy. "Assessment of the Use of Natural Extracted Dyes and Pancreatin Enzyme for Dyeing of Four Natural Textiles: HPLC Analysis of Phytochemicals." Processes 8, no. 1 (2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8010059.
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In the present study, four natural textiles (cotton, linen, wool, and silk) were dyed with 14 naturally extracted dyes, and pancreatin enzyme was used in the dyeing process. The effects of pancreatin enzyme and its buffer on naturally dyed textile samples were evaluated. Two concentrations of pancreatin enzyme and buffer were used as pretreatments for dyed textiles. Proteinic fabrics showed the highest relative color strength (RCS) values of 137.23% and 132.2% when the pancreatin enzyme was applied on wool and silk dyed with pomegranate skin and bloodroot at concentrations A and B, respectively. Linen fiber dyed with catechu tree showed the highest total color difference (TCD) values with buffer (6.83) and pancreatin enzyme A (5.7) and B (6.3). This shows that there were no side effects of the pancreatin enzyme on the studied dyed textiles. By high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, the root extract from madder showed the presence of salicylic acid (1758.91 mg/kg extract), quercetin (844.23 mg/kg extract), ellagic acid (784.86 mg/kg extract) and benzoic acid (582.68 mg/kg extract) as main compounds. In cochineal extract the main compounds were rutin (37.732 mg/kg extract), kampherol (1915.98 mg/kg extract), myricetin (809.97 mg/kg extract), quercetin (496.76 mg/kg extract) and salicylic acid (193.87 mg/kg extract).
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Tomaz, Alveriana Tagarro, Carla Regina Costa, Maria de Lourdes S. Vasconcellos, Rolando Pedicini, and Josimar Ribeiro. "Evaluation of Photoelectrocatalysis with Electrode Based on Ti/RuO2-TiO2 Modified with Tin and Tantalum Oxides for the Degradation of Indigo Blue Dye." Nanomaterials 12, no. 23 (2022): 4301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12234301.
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Indigo Blue (IB) is a dye widely used by the textile sector for dyeing cellulose cotton fibers and jeans, being considered a recalcitrant substance, and therefore resistant to traditional treatments. Several methodologies are reported in the literature for the removal or degradation of dyes from the aqueous medium, among which photoelectrocatalysis stands out, which presents promising results in the degradation of dyes when a dimensionally stable anode (DSA) is used as a photoanode. In the present work, we sought to investigate the efficiency of a Ti/RuO2-TiO2 DSA modified with tin and tantalum for the degradation of Indigo Blue dye by photoelectrocatalysis. For this, electrodes were prepared by the thermal decomposition method and then a physical–chemical and electrochemical analysis of the material was carried out. The composition Ti/RuO2-TiO2-SnO2Ta2O5 (30:40:10:20) was compared to Ti/RuO2-TiO2 (30:70) in the photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and photoelectrocatalysis tests. The photocatalysis was able to degrade only 63% of the IB at a concentration of 100 mg L−1 in 3 h, whereas the electrocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis were able to degrade 100% of the IB at the same initial concentration in 65 and 60 min, respectively.
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Jain, Vinod K., Shibu G. Pillai, and Parin H. Kanaiya. "Synthesis of Calix[4]resorcinarene Based Dyes and its Application in Dyeing of Fibres." E-Journal of Chemistry 5, s1 (2008): 1037–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/980290.
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Four new ʻupper rimʼ azocalix[4]resorcinarene have been synthesized by coupling calix[4]resorcinarene with different diazotized aromatic compounds of sulphanilic acid, anthranilic acid,o-aminophenol andp-aminobenzoic acid. The prepared compounds were characterized based on m.p., elemental analysis, FT-IR,1H-NMR. These dyes have been used for the dyeing of textile fibres like cotton and wool. Their fastness properties such as fastness to sunlight, water, washings, and perspiration have also been studied. The synthesized dyes have been employed for computerized colour strength determination through colour matching with known standards. Their L, A*, B*values as well as the colour difference values such as ∆L, ∆A*, ∆B*, ∆C and ∆H have also been reported.
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ALINA, POPESCU, CHIRILA LAURA, TOMA DOINA, RASCOV MARIAN, DINCA LAURENTIU CHRISTIAN, and CHIRILA CORINA. "The behavior in finishing of textile materials made of man-made fibers containing ZnO in blends with cotton." Industria Textila 69, no. 03 (2018): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.069.03.1477.
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The objective of this study was to investigate the behavior in finishing of textile materials made of man-made fibers containing ZnO in blends with cotton. It has been studied the possibilities of reducing the concentration of the chemical agents considered to be aggressive for the functional textile fibers, the temperature and the duration of the processes, as well as the number of technological operations performed, so that the dyeing quality will not suffer and the dyed samples to be acceptable from the uniformity and fastness point of view. To highlight the influence of the chemical auxiliaries used in finishing operations, the process temperature, pH and the treatment duration on the phys - ical-chemical and physical-mechanical characteristics of the functional fibers, various methods of preliminary treatment and dyeing were applied in different experimental variants. In order to assess the preliminary treatments performance from whiteness degree and hydrophilicity point of view, the fabrics were tested before and after preliminary treatments. Finished fabrics (preliminary treated and dyed) were tested for the efficiency of the performed treatments in terms of color difference attributes and color fastness. The finished fabrics were also characterized in terms of the main physical-chemical and physical-mechanical characteristics: mass, tensile strength, tearing strength, water vapor permeability, air permeability. SEM analysis was used to investigate the surface morphology of treated fabrics. Antibacterial activity of treated samples was tested against the Staphylococcus aureus test strain.
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Арабулі, С. І., Н. П. Супрун, Л. Очеретна та А. Т. Арабулі. "ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ПОКАЗНИКІВ СЕНСОРНОГО КОМФОРТУ ТЕКСТИЛЬНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ ДЛЯ ЛІКАРНЯНОЇ ПОСТІЛЬНОЇ БІЛИЗНИ". Bulletin of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design. Technical Science Series 142, № 1 (2020): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/1813-6796.2020.1.4.
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Investigation of the influence of textile materials structure of different raw materials for hospital bedding on the ability to provide sensory comfort and durability. Theoretical and experimental investigations are based on the main positions of textile materials science. Sensory comfort and durability of textile fabrics were evaluated by thermal and mechanical properties. The measurement of thermophysical characteristics was carried out on the ALAMBETAinstrument, the abrasion resistance was determined on a Pilltester type 14. The strength of textile materials, the tangential resistance, the flexural rigidity and the resistance of dyeing to dry friction were determined by standardized methods. A comparative analysis of the sensory comfort of traditional textile materials for hospital bedding and fabric with bamboo fibers was carried out, which is determined by the mechanospecific sensations of skin receptors on the surface texture of the material, its roughness, stiffness, the feeling of cold or warmness when touching.Their thermophysical properties are determined, the evaluation of the feeling of cold or heat when touched is made according to the indicator "thermal absorption coefficient". By the method of an inclined plane the differences of the texture of dry and moisten studied fabrics was analyzed. The results of the wear resistance indicated that all fabric samples have high abrasion resistance; on part of the test specimens after 1200 cycles appearednap, on mixed fabric – piles.The values of strength and bending stiffness were determined and the effect of 5 washing cycles on these indices was determined. The resistance of the dye to the action of dry friction of all investigated materials is 5 points. The comparative analysis of the values of the coefficients of thermal absorption made it possible to evaluate the feeling of cold or heat when touched, which coincide with the results of the provided organoleptic determinations.It has been experimentally proven that the assortment of cotton and mixed textile fabrics used now for bedding can be supplemented with bamboo fiber materials that provide a high level of sensory comfort and durability. A new range of textile materials for bed linen has been proposed, taking into account the requirements of sensory comfort and durability.
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Coman, Diana, Narcisa Vrînceanu, and Remus Călin Cipăian. "Health-Improved Textiles Obtained by Heat Surface Ecodyeing Treatments." Advanced Materials Research 1128 (October 2015): 322–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1128.322.
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The central idea of the present research aims at achieving textile substrates through an efficient inclusion of a wild black cherry extract into the grafting agent-monochlorotriazinyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCT-β-CD). The methodology consists in a permanent/irreversible entrapment onto the fibres surface of the natural extract through inclusion mechanism. Exhaustion and sonication dyeing procedures were used alternatively. The obtained materials were characterized, by FT-IR and BET analysis. The experimental results reveal good adsorptive feature of the samples, due to a higher specific surface created by the inclusion complex (MCT-β-CD-dye pigment). An efficient blocking of the natural dye pigment molecules into the grafting agent’s cavity (MCT-β-CD), assumed both a stable dyeing and antimicrobial potential. The results obtained by this ecologic surface grafting method will contribute to novel key points in producing healthy natural textiles, as alternatives for single use textiles. The results provided by this research will be used as starting point for a future study targeting the obtaining of textile supports with antimicrobial performance. Other investigations like washing, rubbing and colour fastness, highlighted that dyeing treatment by sonication is extremely efficient and could be successfully applied to such items, in boosting developments.
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Ran, Jianhua, Victoria G. Pryazhnikova, and Felix Y. Telegin. "Chemoinformatics Analysis of the Colour Fastness Properties of Acid and Direct Dyes in Textile Coloration." Colorants 1, no. 3 (2022): 280–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colorants1030017.
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The efficiency of chemoinformatics methods based on a fragment approach for the analysis of relationships between the chemical structure of textile dyes and colour fastness of the dyeings have been shown by examining a large set of properties, including the light fastness of acid dyes on wool and polyamide fibres, the sensitivity of acid dyes on wool to oxygen bleaching, the wash fastness of acid dyes on wool, the adsorption of direct dyes on cotton, and the photodegradation of azo dyes in solution. An analysis of the developed regression models depicted the contribution of ten substructural molecular fragments for each indicator of the colour fastness properties of acid and direct azo dyes on textile materials. The similarity of several individual multi-atomic fragments for acid and direct azo dyes was found for wool, polyamide, and cotton fibres, which indicates the coinciding mechanisms of the physicochemical processes that accompany the destruction of dyes while testing the light fastness and sensitivity of the dyeings to oxygen bleaching, as well as their adsorption/desorption with the wash fastness and dyeability of wool and cotton.
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Sun, Sha Sha, and Ren Cheng Tang. "Laccase-Catalyzed Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles with Gallic Acid." Advanced Materials Research 631-632 (January 2013): 608–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.631-632.608.
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Laccase from Rhus vernicifera was applied to catalyze the polymerization of gallic acid (GA) as a way of “in situ” dyeing and finishing for wool, silk, nylon, cotton and viscose fabrics. The laccase-catalyzed polymerization of GA was confirmed by the results of UV-vis spectroscopy and differential thermal analysis. The adsorption of the GA oxidation product on the fibers contributed to the color effect and functional performance of treated fabrics. The dyed fabrics exhibited gray colors with pale to medium shades, depending on fiber categories. All the dyed fabrics showed significantly enhanced UV protection performance and antioxidant activity, and the dyed wool and silk had obviously improved deodorizing ability. These improved functional properties were related to the increased quantity of aromatic rings, phenolic hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups in the GA oxidation product adsorbed by fibers.
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Baaka, Noureddine, Ramzi Khiari, and Aminoddin Haji. "Ecofriendly Dyeing of Textile Materials with Natural Colorants from Date Palm Fiber Fibrillium." Sustainability 15, no. 2 (2023): 1688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021688.
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Natural dyes have become an interesting subject of study because of their superior ecological properties in comparison to their synthetic counterparts. This explains the great amount of research developed in this regard, especially when the dye used was derived from a natural product’s waste. This research aims to evaluate the affinity of the dye extracted from date palm fibrillium to a multifiber fabric. This choice was made to investigate a comparison of the dyeability of many kinds of textile fibers with the obtained colorant from the date palm fibrillium. It was shown that the different types of fibers were well-dyed. The darkest dyes were obtained especially by using wool and nylon fabrics. In view of these results, wool and nylon fibers were selected for developing a dyeing investigation. The effect of the most important operational conditions such as temperature, pH, and dyeing time on the dyeing quality results has been investigated. Color yield (K/S) and CIELab values (L*, a*, b*, C*, h*) were used to evaluate the dyeing properties. The utilization of durable chemicals and bio-mordants both pre and post-dyeing resulted not only in new dyes but also in improved speed rates.
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Islam, Md Touhidul, Tarekul Islam, Tarikul Islam, and Md Reazuddin Repon. "Synthetic Dyes for Textile Colouration: Process, Factors and Environmental Impact." Textile & Leather Review 5 (August 8, 2022): 327–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31881/tlr.2022.27.
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Dyes are substances that enhance the appearance of finished goods by providing uniform colour. Dyeing is the application process of dyes that are fixed in textile fibers. The dyeing process uses various steps, including pre-treatment, desizing, scouring, bleaching, carbonizing, degumming, and mercerization. Water is considered the primary medium for applying dyes and other chemicals for this treatment in the dyeing process. The dyeing process contains many toxic chemicals, metals and non-soluble substances, such as wastewater, which is thrown into the environment. It is noted that, during dyeing , around 50-300 liters of water is required for 1 kg of fiber. On the other hand, 1-2 million liters of water are needed every day for 50,000 meters of daily production. This massive amount of toxic wastewater is highly harmful to the environment, human health, aquatic system, soil, air, water, plants, and animals. This review paper states various dyeing processes with different dyes, including acid dye, direct dye, sulfur dye, reactive dye, vat dye, metal complex dye, azo dye, disperse dye, and basic dye. In contrast, it also describes the influencing factors of dyeing processes and methods. Moreover, this review demonstrates the impacts of textile dyes on the environment (water, soil, air emissions, human health) and illustrates possible remedial actions regarding wastewater.
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Kim, Hyunjin, and Hye Rim Kim. "Production of coffee-dyed bacterial cellulose as a bio-leather and using it as a dye adsorbent." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (2022): e0265743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265743.
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Owing to its sustainability and environmentally friendliness, bacterial cellulose (BC) has received attention as a zero-waste textile material. Since the color of original BC was mostly yellowish white, a dyeing process is necessary to suggest BC as a textile. Thus, this study aimed to suggest a natural dyeing method using coffee to produce an eco-friendly coffee-dyed bacterial cellulose (BC-COF) bio-leather and to propose a reusing method as a dye adsorbent. To determine the dyeing and mordanting conditions with the highest color strength value, parameters such as dyeing temperature, time, mordanting methods were evaluated. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that BC-COF was successfully colorized with coffee without changing its chemical and crystalline structures. In addition, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis confirmed that coffee molecules were successfully incorporated into fiber structures of BC. The effects of pH, concentration, temperature, and time on the adsorption of methylene blue dye using BC-COF bio-leather were also evaluated using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and zeta potential measurement. The results showed that BC-COF was found to be most effective when pH 6 of methylene blue solution with a concentration of 50 mg/L was adsorbed for 30 minutes at 25°C. Moreover, BC-COF could be reused for multiple times and had better dye adsorption rate compared to the original BC. From the results, it was confirmed that BC-COF could be employed as a dye adsorbent.
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Younas, Touseef, Noor Tayyaba, Afsheen Ayub, and Shaukat Ali. "Textile fabric's and dyes." Tekstilna industrija 69, no. 3 (2021): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tekstind2103047y.
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Textiles sectors serve up the outfit needs of every day and this industry plays a major role in the economy of the country. All the textile fabrics are either natural or synthetic fibers or a blend of both. Different types of dyes are used for different kinds of fabrics depending on the nature and type of the fabric to be dyed, to impart color, modify the fabric to make them more attractive and astonishing. In short, the introduction of synthetic dyes resulted in the demise of a massive natural dye industry. So, it's necessary to classify the different types of dyes with the increase in the number of types and varying dyeing properties so that this would be a best way to understand the different types of dyes, their applicability, fastness and other properties. In this article, a source for the beginners is provided to understand different kind of the textile fabrics and their importance as well as their drawbacks, dyes and their various types, their interaction with the corresponding fabric, their color strength and color fastness properties.
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Xu, Su Xin, Jian Gang Chen, Lu Yi Chen, Bi Jia Wang, and Yi Qi Yang. "Sorption Thermodynamic and Kinetic Study of Polylactic Acid Fibers with Disperse Dyes in Non-Aqueous Medium." Key Engineering Materials 671 (November 2015): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.671.121.
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The sorption thermodynamics and kinetics of disperse dyes on polylactic acid (PLA) fibers were investigated. PLA is crucial for a sustainable textile industry. However, the low dye exhaustion limits the textile application of PLA fibers. The basic dyeing parameters have been determined to provide an in-depth understanding of dyeing behavior. The weak sorption affinities were attributed to the weak dye-fiber interaction and favorable chemical potential of dyes in solvent. Enthalpy–entropy compensation effect also played a role in weak sorption. The interplay of dye structure and enthalpy, entropy changes was rationalized using molecular surface area and rotatable bonds. The conformation constraint strategy was proposed to overcome weak sorption affinity problem by lowering the entropy penalty. Temperature dependence of diffusion coefficients was well reproduced using molecular collision based diffusion model. The activation energies of diffusion have been correlated with molecular volumes of dyes.
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Huong, Bui Mai. "APPLYING BI–FUNCTIONAL DYEING AND UV PROTECTION ON PROTEIN TEXTILE MATERIALS WITH WASTE FROM USED TEABAGS AND MANGOSTEEN HULLS." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 55, no. 1B (2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/55/1b/12096.
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This paper presents the connection among three factors of the eco–friendly approach and products: natural textile materials, natural dyes and utilization of waste. The silk and wool materials were chosen as they are both protein fibers that have natural dyes affinity. The dyes were extracted from wastes (mangosteen hulls and used tea–bags) with optimal conditions found during our experiments: 80 °C for 120 min with a 15 % w/v citric acid solution in a 1:10 ratio of mangosteen flakes to solvent and 100 °C for 60 min in a 1:20 ratio of spent tea powder to solvent. The silk dyeing and wool dyeing were carried out at separately proper temperature, time and concentrations. The effect on dyeing of mordant types with different salt–metals mordanting methods and mordant techniques – pre–mordanting, simultaneous mordanting and post–mordanting were undertaken. The K/S values were used for determining the fixation of dyes on textile materials as it reflects the surface luster shade of the dyeing products. The results helped to estimate the influence of dyeing processes on protein materials where low temperature (< 90 °C) and post–mordanting methods exhibited good effects. The UPF values above 29 measured on dye fabric proved the excellent UV protection, even with non–mordant dyeing.
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HARANINA, O., YA RED’KO, M. PROSKURKA, and R. VATAN. "SYNTHETIC DYES IN MEDICINE." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 297, no. 3 (2021): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2021-297-3-168-172.
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Synthetic dyes and intermediates for their synthesis are widely used in dyeing textile materials. The presence of the necessary functional groups in the structure of the dyes provides their biocidal properties. When using dyes with biocidal properties, the surface of textile materials is seized from destruction. Separate representative dyes protect the human body from the action of pathogenic microflora. It is necessary to create conditions for a timely attack by the textile material on bacteria and fungi. A sufficient number of natural and synthetic compounds exhibit antimicrobial activity. Many of these compounds are hazardous to humans and animals. Only a few chemical compounds can be recommended for practical use as antiseptic preparations. The inclusion of even a small fraction of antibacterial fibers in the structure of textile materials can provide the desired properties. The biostability of fibrous materials is influenced by the choice of dye. Not all dyes that have bactericidal activity in their pure form exhibit it when applied to textile material. For the manifestation of these functions, dyes must have groups responsible for their bacteriological activity. In developed countries, attempts are being made to uniform dyeing and bioprotective processing of textile materials. The combination of these processes is not only theoretical but also a promising area of research. When creating antibacterial textile materials, nanotechnology is being actively introduced. The use of nanotechnology reduces the cost of raw materials and materials. At the same time, the most promising for use in medicine are nanomaterials that meet the following requirements, such as biocompatibility and programmability of a positive effect on a biological object. Thus, the article analyzes the scientific literature in the field of dyes with biocidal properties.
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Boylston, Eileen K., Jeanette M. Cardamone, Bruce F. Ingber, and Trisha Rice. "Microscopical Investigation of Cotton Chemically Modified to Accept Wool Dyes for Wool/Cotton Blend Textiles." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (2000): 490–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600034942.
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Renewed interest in textile blends of wool and cotton has led to developments in union dyeing (same shade on both wool and cotton fibers) that has potential for increased markets for both fibers as trans-seasonal apparel. The difficulty of efficiently dyeing wool and cotton to the same shade has limited the availability of yarns and fabrics containing blends of both fibers. In fabrics containing blends of cellulosic cotton and proteinaceous wool, it is generally necessary to employ more than one class of dyes and the process involves several steps with adjustments of pH and temperature. The ARS process provides maximum effectiveness and efficiency for one-step union dyeing. It requires pretreatment before dyeing to impart cationic character to cellulosic cotton so that it can compete with protonated wool for a common anionic dye. Three pre-treatments have been applied.
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Serra, Albert, Quim Tarrés, Miquel Llop, Rafel Reixach, Pere Mutjé, and Francesc X. Espinach. "Recycling dyed cotton textile byproduct fibers as polypropylene reinforcement." Textile Research Journal 89, no. 11 (2018): 2113–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517518786278.
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The textile industry generates a large amount of byproducts that must be treated before being recycled or disposed of. The treatments to extract the dyeing agents are mandatory, and involve costs and interaction with toxic reagents. A relevant amount of such byproducts are short cotton dyed fibers. Cotton fibers are high-quality cellulosic fibers and can be used as composite reinforcement. In this paper, dyed cotton fibers were used to formulate, obtain and tensile test composite materials. The impact of the presence of dyes was studied and such dyes enhanced the interphase between the matrix and the reinforcement. On the other hand, when a coupling agent was incorporated to the formulation of the composites, the dyes hindered the chemical interactions between the maleic acid and the OH groups of the cellulosic fibers. Nonetheless, the composite materials showed competitive mechanical properties that were better than other natural fiber-reinforced composites and comparable to some glass fiber-based ones. Dyed cotton fibers can be used as reinforcement without further treatment, increasing the value chain of the textile industry and decreasing the chemical treatments necessary to recycle or dispose of dyed textile fibers.
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Ma, Xiaofei, Yujuan Wei, Shuo Wang, Xin Zuo, and Baolei Shen. "Sustainable ultrasound-assisted ultralow liquor ratio dyeing of cotton fabric with natural turmeric dye." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 5-6 (2019): 685–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519878793.
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Natural dyes are environmentally friendly and have become important alternatives to synthetic dyes in some dyeing products. Therefore, better extraction and dyeing techniques need to be developed for the dyeing process of natural dyes. In this work, cotton fabric was dyed using turmeric extraction solution under an ultralow liquor ratio (materials to liquor ratio of 1:5) and ultrasonic-assisted conditions. Dye extraction using different dispersants and pH values has been investigated and three-factor-three–level Box–Behnken design was employed to explore the dyeing conditions. It was found that sodium dodecyl sulfate systems and ultrasonic waves can effective improve the dyeing depth under neutral condition. The K/ S value can reach 2.53 with ultrasonic power of 200 W, dyeing time of 30 min and temperature of 40℃. Scanning electron microscope images showed that the application of ultrasound did not cause obvious fiber damage. The developed technique could be used in the textile industry to make dyeing cotton fibers with natural dyes more sustainable than it is at present.
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Hansa, A., V. L. Pillay, and C. A. Buckley. "Analysis of reactive dyes using high performance capillary electrophoresis." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 10-11 (1999): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0649.
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Increasing reports of coloured effluent from waste water treatment plants receiving reactive dye waste from textile mills indicate the need to learn more about the fate of these dyes. The project concerns the development of analytical techniques for the analysis of reactive dyes in textile waste. An analytical procedure using High Performance Capillary Electrophoresis (HPCE) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) for the separation of a range of reactive dyes in textile waste water is described. The dyes belong to a range of bis-monochlorotriazinyl dyes used widely in the dyeing of cotton textiles.
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Liu, Kai Qiang, Yan Lian Rui, and Guo Qiang Chen. "Dyeing of Silk/PLA Mixture with Reactive Dyes." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 1739–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.1739.
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Silk/PLA mixture is a new textile material, and it combines the outstanding characteristics of silk and PLA fibers. During the wet process, this mixture is subjected to some problems owing to the poor resistance of PLA fiber to alkali. The silk component in this mixture can be dyed with acid dyes under acidic condition, and with reactive dyes under alkaline condition. In the present work, silk/PLA mixture was dyed with Everzol ED reactive dyes in the case of the use of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate as alkalis for the fixation of dyes. The alkali dosage and dyeing temperature on the uptake of dyes by this mixture were discussed. Also, the dyeing rates, building-up properties and color fastness of reactive dyes were determined. It was found that Everzol ED reactive dyes exhibited good dyeing properties for silk/PLA mixture under weakly alkaline condition in the presence of sodium bicarbonate.
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Morris, Mary, Xiaofei Philip Ye, and Christopher J. Doona. "Dyeing Para-Aramid Textiles Pretreated with Soybean Oil and Nonthermal Plasma Using Cationic Dye." Polymers 13, no. 9 (2021): 1492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091492.
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The increasing use of functional aramids in a wide array of applications and the inert nature of aramids against conventional dye and print methods requires developing new dyeing methods. This study aims to use environmentally friendly method with a cationic dye as an alternative for dyeing para-aramid fabrics. Experiments used a multi-factorial design with functions of pretreatment, dye solvent (water and/or glycerol) and auxiliary chemical additives (swelling agent and surfactant) and a sequential experimentation methodology. The most effective dyeing procedures involved the following steps: (i) pretreatments of the fabrics with soybean oil and nonthermal plasma (NTP), (ii) using water at T = 100 °C as the dye solvent, and (iii) omitting other chemical additives. With a commercial cationic dye, these conditions achieved a color strength in K/S value of 2.28, compared to ~1 for untreated samples. FTIR analysis revealed that a functional network formed on the fibers and yarns of the fabrics by chemical reactions of excited plasma species with double bonds in the soybean oil molecules was responsible for significantly improving the color strength. These results extend the potential uses of a renewable material (soybean oil) and an environmentally friendly technology (NTP) to improve the dyeing of para-aramid textiles and reduce the use of harsh dye chemicals.
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Zhao, Yu Ping, Juan Zhang, Lai Jiu Zheng, Ju Wei, and Fang Ye. "Linear Regression Analysis on Dyeing of Feather Fibers with Acid Dyes." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 3273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.3273.
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Feather fibers dyed with the weak acid dyes in ultrasonic conditions. Influence of different dyeing time and dyeing temperature on dye uptake and the formaldehyde content was discussed through the multiple linear regression analysis method, respectively. This paper discussed the correlation between dye uptake, the formaldehyde content and dyeing time, dyeing temperature, and established linear regression equation of dye uptake, the formaldehyde content with different dyeing process conditions, respectively. The best dyeing time was 45min and the best dyeing temperature was 80°C, according to the linear regression equation. The experimental results showed that dye uptake could achieve 92.1% and the highest value of the formaldehyde content was 33.09 mg/kg. The linear regression of dye uptake and the formaldehyde content had a high fitting precision and a good predicting ability, which can be of guiding significance to the actual production.
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KRAUSE BIERHALZ, ANDREA CRISTIANE. "CELLULOSE NANOMATERIALS IN TEXTILE APPLICATIONS." Cellulose Chemistry and Technology 55, no. 7-8 (2021): 725–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2021.55.61.
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Nanocellulose (NCC) has attracted increasing attention for use in several applications owing to its impressive strength-to-weight ratio, ease of functionalization, and apparent biocompatibility. In the nanocomposite textile field, NCC has exhibited outstanding potential for reinforced fibers, especially fibers processed by solution spinning. Continuous NCC fibers with high modulus and strength can be obtained, while preserving the cellulose I crystal structure. Owing to the various possibilities of surface modification, NCC is an efficient adsorbent of cationic and anionic textile dyes, as it reaches maximum removal capacities comparable to those of commercial adsorbents. In dyeing, NCC contributes in improving dye fixation and reducing the consumption of chemicals and water. In this review, recent studies on the applications of NCC in the textile field are discussed. The main methods, advances and limitations, regarding the NCC applications for fiber reinforcement of water-soluble and insoluble materials, dye removal and textile finishing, are presented.
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Mijas, Gabriela, Mariona Josa, Diana Cayuela, and Marta Riba-Moliner. "Study of Dyeing Process of Hemp/Cotton Fabrics by Using Natural Dyes Obtained from Rubia tinctorum L. and Calendula officialis." Polymers 14, no. 21 (2022): 4508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214508.
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The objective of this work was to assess the possibility of dyeing a substrate composed of non-textile industrial hemp using natural dyes from common madder (Rubia Tinctorum L.) and calendula (Calendula Officialis) and tannin and alum as mordants. The substrate used for the dyeing had a 25/75 hemp/cotton composition. The hemp raw material is an agricultural by-product that was subjected to mechanical and chemical treatments in order to cottonize the fibers, blend them with cotton, and thus obtain first 40-tex open-end yarns and then a knitted fabric. The latter was subjected to different dyeing conditions by varying the dye, mordant, and method for its application, type of water, and rinsing after dyeing. Measurements of the difference (ΔE) and intensity (K/S) of color and fastness to washing and rubbing were carried out. The results showed that dyeing of a non-textile residual hemp substrate is possible, and that calendula is a good option for dyeing it with tap water, tannin-alum set in a meta-mordanting process, and rinsing after 24 h. In this way, a contribution has been made to the circular economy of the textile industry through the use of more sustainable sources and products.
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Rejo, Amin, Rizky Tirta Adhiguna, and Debora Geovanni Rajagukguk. "Study of Natural Dyes and Pineapple Leaf Fibres Growing Locations within Plant Stems on Dyeing Intensity." E3S Web of Conferences 68 (2018): 01030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186801030.
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The physical properties of fibres produced from pineapple leaves can vary due to the differences in growing locations within a stem and are influenced by leaf growth age. Pineapple leaf fibres require quality increase, particularly in dyeing. The utilizing of natural dyes ingredients from suji (Dracaena angustifolia) leaves extract, turmeric (Curcuma domestica val) and sappan (Caesalpinia sappan [L.]) wood have friendly impact on the environment. Various types of natural dyes and leaf fibres growing location within the stems of pineapple plants and the color intensity are carefully examined in this study. The diversity of natural dyes used in dyeing influenced the fibres color intensity of pineapple leaves. Pinneaple leaf fibers growing loccation within pineapple stems impacted fibre color lightness intensity, the axis a* and b* colors. The utilization of pineapple leaf fibers from the base of plant stem is more suitable to be used as textile raw material due to its higher lightness level.
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Restivo, Annalaura, Ilaria Degano, Erika Ribechini, Josefina Pérez-Arantegui, and Maria Perla Colombini. "Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Analysis to Understand the Role of Tannin-Based Dyes in the Degradation of Historical Wool Textiles." Microscopy and Microanalysis 20, no. 5 (2014): 1534–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927614012793.
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Abstract:An innovative approach, combining field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis, is presented to investigate the degradation mechanisms affecting tannin-dyed wool. In fact, tannin-dyed textiles are more sensitive to degradation then those dyed with other dyestuffs, even in the same conservation conditions.FESEM-EDX was first used to study a set of 48 wool specimens (artificially aged) dyed with several raw materials and mordants, and prepared according to historical dyeing recipes. EDX analysis was performed on the surface of wool threads and on their cross-sections. In addition, in order to validate the model formulated by the analysis of reference materials, several samples collected from historical and archaeological textiles were subjected to FESEM-EDX analysis.FESEM-EDX investigations enabled us to reveal the correlation between elemental composition and morphological changes. In addition, aging processes were clarified by studying changes in the elemental composition of wool from the protective cuticle to the fiber core in cross-sections. Morphological and elemental analysis of wool specimens and of archaeological and historical textiles showed that the presence of tannins increases wool damage, primarily by causing a sulfur decrease and fiber oxidation.
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Ledakowicz, Stanisław, Lucyna Bilińska, and Renata Żyłła. "Application of Fenton's Reagent in the Textile Wastewater Treatment Under Industrial Conditions." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 19, no. 2 (2012): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10216-011-0013-z.
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Application of Fenton's Reagent in the Textile Wastewater Treatment Under Industrial Conditions Application of reactive dyes is very popular in textile industry as these dyestuffs are characterized by good fastness properties. Constapel et al in 2009 estimated the production of this type of dyes for over 140,000 Mg/year. The reactive dyes are mostly (50%) employed for coloration of cellulosic fibers, however they can also be applied on wool and nylon. Unfortunately, they possess a low degree of fixation (50÷90%), since the functional groups also bond to water, creating hydrolysis and the excess of dyes applied cause a colored pollution of aqueous environment. Moreover, dyeing process requires the use of: electrolytes in the form of aqueous solutions of NaCl or Na2SO4 in the concentration up to 100 g/dm3, alkaline environment (pH > 10) and textile auxiliary agents (including detergents). Therefore, the wastewater generated during the reactive dyeing processes is characterized by high salinity, pH value and color, and due to low value of the BOD5/COD ratio are nonbiodegradable. The successful methods of textile wastewater treatment could be Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs), amongst which the Fenton reagent seems to be most promising as it is the cheapest and easy in use. Based on the newest literature survey it was found that many successful tests with Fenton reaction were performed mainly in decolorization. However, not enough attention was devoted to decolorization of real industrial wastewater containing dyes, detergents and salts NaCl, or Na2SO4. The experiments carried out in a laboratory scale were focused on the impact of NaCl and textile auxiliary agent (liquid dispersing and sequestering agent) on an inhibition of decolorization process by Fenton's reagent. The objects of the investigation were synthetic mixtures simulating the composition of real textile wastewater as well as the real industrial wastewater generated in the reactive dyeing. The inhibition of the Fenton decolorization in the presence of NaCl and liquid dispersing and sequestering agent was demonstrated. Additional experiments using pulse radiolysis were carried out in order to confirm the inhibition of chloride in the decolorization process.
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Sala, Mireia, and M. Carmen Gutiérrez-Bouzán. "Electrochemical Techniques in Textile Processes and Wastewater Treatment." International Journal of Photoenergy 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/629103.
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The textile industry uses the electrochemical techniques both in textile processes (such as manufacturing fibers, dyeing processes, and decolorizing fabrics) and in wastewaters treatments (color removal). Electrochemical reduction reactions are mostly used in sulfur and vat dyeing, but in some cases, they are applied to effluents discoloration. However, the main applications of electrochemical treatments in the textile sector are based on oxidation reactions. Most of electrochemical oxidation processes involve indirect reactions which imply the generation of hypochlorite or hydroxyl radical in situ. These electrogenerated species are able to bleach indigo-dyed denim fabrics and to degrade dyes in wastewater in order to achieve the effluent color removal. The aim of this paper is to review the electrochemical techniques applied to textile industry. In particular, they are an efficient method to remove color of textile effluents. The reuse of the discolored effluent is possible, which implies an important saving of salt and water (i.e., by means of the “UVEC Cell”).
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Ticha M, Ben, Meksi N, Drira N, and Mhenni M.F. "Clean Process: Reducing indigo by using environmentally friendly 3-hydroxybutanone on dyed cotton modified with Denitex BC 200%." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 19, no. 2 (2015): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-19-02-2015-b003.
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Industrial processes in everyday life need to take into consideration environmental safety. This is the major goal of today's scientific research. Textile research is no exception. This paper illustrates a green process in which indigo is converted into its water-soluble leuco form by using a reducing agent that is ecologically friendly: 3-hydroxybutanone (C4H8O2). The effect of alkalinity and reducing temperature on the reducing power of C4H8O2 has been evaluated in the absence and presence of indigo. The dyeing quality of the modified cotton resultant of the exhaust process is studied. Cotton modification is carried out by using Denitex BC 200% in order to improve the quality of the exhaustion dyeing process. Modified cotton fibres are characterized through a morphology analysis (by using a SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The performances of the indigo dyeing process are evaluated by measuring the redox potentials generated in the medium with and without indigo, dyeing bath exhaustion (E(%)), and colour yield (K/S) of the coloured cotton at 660 nm, brightness index (B(%)) and dyeing fastness of both the untreated and modified cotton fabrics.
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Toprak, Tuba, and Pervin Anis. "Dyeing properties of orgonobase-induced poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabric." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 23-24 (2020): 2658–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517520922946.
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Polyester is the most used of the synthetic fibers used in the textile industry. Nonetheless, due to its structure, the use of only disperse dyes for dyeing creates a significant weakness in its coloring. In this paper, the utilization of reactive and acid dyes in the dyeing of polyester after chemical modification with guanidine-based polymer is investigated. The dyeing of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabrics with reactive and acid dyes was succeeded via modification with guanidine-based polymer. The effects of this polymer on disperse dyeing were also investigated. The effect of various parameters such as temperature, duration, pH, different amounts of salt and alkaline, the different dyes and processes were investigated for modifying and dyeing PET. The optimum parameters for reactive dyeing were found to be modification and dyeing in the same bath at 100° C for 60 minutes without salt and alkaline, for which the obtained color strength (12.87) was higher than that of conventional disperse dyeing with carrier (10.43). In addition, polymer modification at 130° C for 60 minutes before disperse dyeing provided higher color depth (24.39) than dyeing of PET by the conventional disperse high temperature method (22.48). Color fastness in laundering and the perspiration of modified and reactive dyed fabrics reached good to excellent levels (4/5). The modified and dyed samples were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared. Tensile tests and flexural rigidity tests for modified and reactive dyed samples were also conducted. The results indicate that the quality of the beginning material was not degraded after being modified and dyed.
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Tang, Songsong, Guoqiang Chen, and Gang Sun. "Computer-Assisted Design of Environmentally Friendly and Light-Stable Fluorescent Dyes for Textile Applications." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 23 (2019): 5971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20235971.
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Five potentially environmentally friendly and light-stable hemicyanine dyes were designed based on integrated consideration of photo, environmental, and computational chemistry as well as textile applications. Two of them were synthesized and applied in dyeing polyacrylonitrile (PAN), cotton, and nylon fabrics, and demonstrated the desired properties speculated by the programs. The computer-assisted analytical processes includes estimation of the maximum absorption and emission wavelengths, aquatic environmental toxicity, affinity to fibers, and photo-stability. This procedure could effectively narrow down discovery of new potential dye structures, greatly reduce and prevent complex and expensive preparation processes, and significantly improve the development efficiency of novel environmentally friendly dyes.
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Shams-Nateri, A., E. Dehnavi, and E. Zahedi. "PCA-spectroscopy study of common salt effect on solubility of direct dye." Pigment & Resin Technology 46, no. 5 (2017): 362–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-11-2015-0108.
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Purpose This work aims to explain the effect of common salt on absorbance spectra and solubility of textile direct dyes, which is important in analysing and reusing wastewater of dyeing process. Design/methodology/approach Several textile dyes such as Direct red 243, Direct yellow 86 and Direct blue 201 solutions with and without NaCl salt were used to study the effect of common salt on solubility of textile direct dyes. Several methods such as derivative spectrophotometry, principal component analysis and colorimetric techniques were used to analyse the absorbance spectra of dye solution. Findings The obtained results indicate that the effect of common salt on absorbance spectra and solubility of textile direct dye depends on the chemical structure of dyes. The NaCl salt significantly affects the solubility of Direct red 243 (red dye) and Direct yellow 86 (yellow dye) which have Azo compounds containing four SO3 functional groups. But the NaCl salt does not change the solubility of Direct blue 201 (Blue dye) which has Azo compound containing two SO3 functional groups. Also, the NaCl salt decreases the accuracy of dye concentration prediction. Practical implications During reusing wastewater of dyeing process, the amount of dyes has been evaluated via absorbance spectra of dye solution. Originality/value This work explains the effect of common salt on solubility of textile direct dyes and the accuracy of dyes concentration prediction.
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Jiménez-Pacheco, Hugo, Gregorio Urbano Palma Figueroa, Javier Alonso Villegas Aragon, María del Carmen Camiña Pacheco, Antonio Erick Linares Flores Castro, and Lilia Mary Miranda Ramos. "Diffusion characteristics of dyeing in Polyester fiber garments referred to their mixtures with cotton and composition." Veritas 20, no. 2 (2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35286/veritas.v20i2.244.
Full textAbstract:
Currently, textile dyeing companies determine their market according to the raw materials processed, which are based on 100% cotton fibers, these fibers are directed to an exclusive market and therefore these companies establish criteria of high quality standards in each of its processes, dyeing being one of the most demanding due to its fastness parameters and color specifications, these characteristics establish the competitiveness of expanding a product portfolio with the incursion of 100% fiber-based clothing polyester and with cotton blends.Some studies suggest the implementation of the dyeing process of these fibers, allowing the organization to have new production alternatives, dyeing processes for polyester and cotton are carried out with heat treatment between 60 °C and 130 °C respectively, with the use of dispersed and chemical dyes; as in the dyeing of Polyester-Cotton that are made in bathrooms established in each stage. Color and solidity tests are performed according to quality parameters, with light and wash fastness controls. Within these dyeing conditions it is essential to determine the thermal gradients to be applied, whose variable must be controlled to optimize the dyeing of polyester fibers and mixtures.The present study evaluates the pre-treatments and the temperature gradient behavior stage in the dyeing process of polyester fibers, taking into account the dyeing curve, in which only the temperature gradient varies. Mathis-ALT-B equipment is used for the dyeing process, for thermal gradient conditions of 135 °C with gradients of 0.3-4.0 °C/min, rotation speed 40-70 RPM, and as colorants were used Novacron, Terail and Liandisperse for cotton and polyester fibers respectively. The results show that the use of dispersants and anti-breakage agents work to prevent failures and improve the corresponding colors, but a high gradient increases the migration of the dye and breaks in the fibers, but in low gradients (2 ° C/min ) The quality of diffusion and dyeing is better and, therefore, prevents reprocessing in the dyeing stage.
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Cleve, E., E. Bach, U. Denter, H. Duffner, and E. Schollmeyer. "New Mathematical Model for Determining Time-Dependent Adsorption and Diffusion of Dyes into Fibers through Dye Sorption Curves in Combination Shades." Textile Research Journal 67, no. 10 (1997): 701–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051759706701001.
Full textAbstract:
Dye uptake of textile substrates can be described as time-dependent by a new mathematical model, in which the sorption process is divided into fast and slow subprocesses. The fast subprocess describes the adsorption of the dye onto the fiber surface, and the slow one details the diffusion of the dye into the fiber. In addition, dye desorption is simultaneously considered along with adsorption. Relating this concept to the dyeing process, it is possible to divide the process into two parts—dye adsorption and diffusion. The model is verified by dyeing cotton with direct dyes, but the results are also transferable to other fibers and dye classes. Using this model, optimum dyeing parameters and dye combinations can be determined from the sorption curves, which are easily obtained by UV-VIS spectrophotometry.
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Zhang, ZH, ZQ Xu, XX Huang, and XM Tao. "Dyeing processes of 100% bio-based and degradable polylactide/poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) textiles." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 17 (2016): 2066–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516663158.
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This paper reports an investigation of dyeing processes of textiles made from a novel 100% bio-based and fully degradable polylactide/poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PLA/PHBV) fiber. The dye exhaustion, depth of shade and fastness, as well as bursting strength of dyed PLA/PHBV fabrics have been evaluated in terms of types and concentration of dyestuff, dyeing bath temperature, duration, liquor ratio and pH value. Finally, the energy cost of the whole dyeing process of the proposed material is calculated and compared with that of polyethylene terephthalate. The experimental results show that an excellent dyeing effect and bursting strength can be achieved by properly applied dyes (e.g. C.I. Disperse Orange 30, Red 74, and Blue 79) under optimal low-dyeing-temperature conditions (100℃, 10 min, pH 5, LR 30:1). In addition, considering the low energy cost during the whole process, PLA/PHBV fibers can be regarded as a promising and environment-friendly material for the textile industry.
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Marszałek, Joanna, and Renata Żyłła. "Recovery of Water from Textile Dyeing Using Membrane Filtration Processes." Processes 9, no. 10 (2021): 1833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9101833.
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The aim of the work was to purify model textile wastewater (MTW) using a two-stage membrane filtration process comprising nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO). For this purpose, a nanofiltration membrane TFC-SR3 (KOCH) and reverse osmosis membrane AG (GE Osmonics) were used. Each model wastewater contained a selected surfactant. The greatest decrease in flux in the initial phase of the process occurred for the detergents based on fatty-acid condensation products. An evident decrease in performance was observed with polysiloxane-based surfactants. No fouling effect and high flux values were observed for the wastewater containing a nonionic surfactant based on fatty alcohol ethoxylates. During RO, a significantly higher flux and lower resistance were observed for the feed that originally contained the anionic agent. For the MTW containing the nonionic surfactant, the conductivity reduction ranged from 84% to 92% depending on the concentrate ratio at the consecutive stages of RO. After treatment, the purified wastewater was reused in the process of dyeing cellulose fibers with reactive dyes. The research confirmed that textiles dyed with the use of RO filtrates did not differ in quality of dyeing from those dyed in pure deionized water.
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Abomelha, Hanna. "Synthesis of novel dyes based on thiophene analogues with antibacterial activity for dyeing polyester fabrics." Pigment & Resin Technology 48, no. 4 (2019): 337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-02-2018-0012.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose This study aims to the synthesis of some novel 4-arylazo-3-hydroxythiophene analogues containing sulphapyridine and sulphathiazole dyestuffs and studying their application in dyeing polyester fabrics and rendering their antibacterial efficacy. Design/methodology/approach Simultaneous dyeing and antibacterial finishing for polyester fabric using a new antibacterial disperse dye having a modified chemical structure to thiophene dyes were studied. Construction of the thiophene dyes was carried out by diazo-coupling of diazotized sulphonamide-containing heterocyclic rings sulphapyridine and sulphathiazole with ethyl α-phenylthiocarbamoyl-acetoacetate followed by cyclizing the produced 2-arylazo-thioacetanilide with various α-halogenated reagents. All newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis and extensive study of their spectral data (IR and 1H-NMR). The dyeing characteristics of these thiophene dyestuffs were evaluated at optimum conditions. Antibacterial activities of the obtained thiophene dyes were studied against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Findings The synthesized thiophene-containing sulphonamides dyes were applied on polyester fabric. The modified dyes exhibited a good fastness properties and antibacterial efficacy against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Synthesized dyes showed higher antibacterial potency than the reference standard drug. Research limitations/implications Synthesis of these disperse azo dyes for textile dyeing had never been reported previously. Practical implications The dyestuffs derived from thiophene are reasonable azo disperse dyestuffs giving good all-round fastness properties on polyester fabrics. Originality/value Thiophene dyes are used for dyeing polyester fabrics with brilliant colour and good fastness properties. The presence of sulphonamides moieties increase their fastness properties and elevate their antibacterial properties. Moreover, they can be used as antimicrobial finish due to their bactericidal properties on dyed textiles. This work afforded a new thiophene colorant that can be used in many different uses like polyester packing, thread Surgery, blends and other uses in medical textile.