Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dynamic packaging of tours'

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У роботі розглядаються теоретичні аспекти інноваційної діяльності у сфері туристичного маркетингу на підприємстві. Висвітлено сутність та типи інноваційної діяльності в процесі ринкового просування туристичних продуктів. Проаналізовано ДПТ як засіб ефективного збуту та комунікації із споживачами. Надано загальну характеристику туристичного агентства у складі мережі «Джоін Ап!». Проаналізовано фінансову-господарську діяльність туристичного агентства «Джоін Ап!» за 2018-2020 роки та його систему маркетингових комунікацій. Запропоновано шляхи впровадження маркетингових інновацій, як способу стимулювання попиту туристів. Розраховано ефективність запропонованих маркетингових інновацій. Обґрунтовано економічна доцільність впровадження запропонованих заходів для туристичного підприємства.
The work deals with the theoretical aspects theoretical aspects of innovation in the field of tourism marketing. The essence and types of innovative activity in the process of market promotion of tourism products are highlighted. DPT is analyzed as a means of effective sales and communication with consumers. Provided a general description of the travel agency within the network "Join Up!" Analyzed the financial and economic activities of the travel agency "Join Up!" for 2018-2020 and its marketing communications system. The ways of introducing marketing innovations as a way to stimulate tourist demand are proposed. The effectiveness of the proposed marketing innovations has been calculated. The economic feasibility of the implementation of the proposed measures for a tourism enterprise has been substantiated.

It is well known that transportation means high and varying loads for products as well as packages. To develop corrugated boxes with optimal design and efficient use of raw materials is crucial. Vibrations and shocks acting on pallets during transportation are transferred to the corrugated boxes and considerably reduce the integrity and life time of the boxes. The development of experimental and analytical tools for measurement and prediction of the influence of dynamic loads on the box performance, such as stacking strength and conservation of stacking pattern would therefore be of large practical importance. In order to develop such tools, it is important to know the load distribution between different boxes. This master thesis presents a technique for investigating these stresses based on a pressure sensitive film, which gives many data points. A series of tests using random and sinusoidal vibration testing have been done utilising this technique and results are presented for different positions on the pallet and for different box filling methods. Investigations performed on the vibrations of the boxes also demonstrate a pitch type of motion. A level-crossing study on the forces existing between the boxes shows a Rayleigh force distribution. A mathematical model is also proposed for simulation of a stacking system. Advantages and disadvantages with this technique and with the model are described. Comparison between the experimental and numerical results shows a proper correlation. Using the pressure sensitive film as a quantitative sensor and applying the recorded data for the statistical study of the contact forces existing in a stack of boxes gives useful and important results for further analysis of the fatigue life and vulnerable positions of boxes.

 

The requirements of food packages are to ensure food safety and quality, to minimize spoilage, and to provide an easy way to store and handle food. To meet these demands for fibre-based food packages, barrier coatings are generally used to regulate the amount of gases entering a package, as some gases are detrimental to food quality. Oxygen, for example, initiates lipid oxidation in fatty foods. Bakery products may also be sensitive to oxygen. This thesis focused on mass transport of oxygen in order to gain deeper knowledge in the performance of barrier coatings and to develop means to optimize the performance of barrier coatings. This experimental study along with computer modelling characterized the structure of barrier materials with respect to the mass transport process.This project was performed as part of the multidisciplinary industrial graduate school VIPP (www.kau.se/en/vipp) - Values Created in Fibre Based Processes and Products – at Karlstad University, with the financial support from the Knowledge Foundation, Sweden, and Stora Enso.

Artikel 2 "The influence of clay orientation..." ingick som manuskript i avhandlingen, då med titeln: "Influence of clay orientation in dispersion barrier coatings on oxygen permeation". Nu publicerad.

Food packaging should ensure the safety and quality of food, minimize spoilage and provide an easy way of storing and handling it. Barrier coatings are generally used to meet the demands placed on fibre-based food packages, as these have the ability to regulate the amount of gases that can enter them. Some gases are detrimental to food quality: oxygen, for example, initiates lipid oxidation in fatty foods. Using both experimental data and computer modelling, this thesis explains some aspects of how the structure of barrier coatings influences the mass transport of oxygen with the aim of obtaining essential knowledge that can be used to optimize the performance of barriers. Barrier coatings are produced from polyvinyl alcohol and kaolin blends that are coated onto a polymeric support. The chemical and physical structures of these barriers were characterized according to their influence on permeability in various climates. At a low concentration of kaolin, the crystallinity of polyvinyl alcohol decreased; in the thinner films, the kaolin particles were orientated in the basal plane of the barrier coating. The experimental results indicated a complex interplay between the polymer and the filler with respect to permeability. A computer model for permeability incorporating theories for the filled polymeric layer to include the polymer crystallinity, addition of filler, filler aspect ratio and surrounding moisture was developed. The model shows that mass transport was affected by the aspect ratio of the clay in combination with the clay concentration, as well as the polymer crystallinity. The combined model agreed with the experiments, showing that it is possible to combine different theories into one model that can be used to predict the mass transport. Four barrier coatings: polyethylene, ethylene vinyl alcohol + kaolin, latex + kaolin and starch were evaluated using the parameters of greenhouse gas emissions and product costs. After the production of the barrier material, the coating process and the end-of-life handling scenarios were analysed, it emerged that starch had the lowest environmental impact and latex + kaolin had the highest.
Food packaging is required to secure the safety and quality of food, as well as minimize spoilage and simplify handling. Barrier coatings are generally used to meet the demands placed on fibre-based food packages, as these have the ability to regulate the amount of gases that can enter them. Some gases are detrimental to food quality: oxygen, for example, initiates lipid oxidation in fatty foods. This thesis focuses on the mass transport of oxygen in order to gain deeper knowledge of, and thereby optimise, the performance of barrier coatings. This experimental study, together with computer modelling, characterized the structure of barrier materials with respect to the mass transport process. The performance of the barriers was evaluated based on the parameters of environmental impact and product costs. As the long-term aim is to use non-petroleum-based barrier coatings for packaging, these should be evaluated by assessing the properties of the material in question, its functionality and its environmental impact to provide more insight into which materials are desirable as well as to develop technology. The results from this study indicate that several parameters (the orientation, concentration and aspect ratio of the clay and the polymer crystallinity) influence the properties of a barrier. Using this knowledge, researchers and food packaging engineers can work toward improving and customising renewable barriers.
VIPP

This study aims to investigate variable flow and intermittent flow spray cooling characteristics for efficiency improvement in active two-phase thermal management systems. Variable flow spray cooling scheme requires control of pump input voltage (or speed), while intermittent flow spray cooling scheme requires control of solenoid valve duty cycle and frequency. Several testing scenarios representing dynamic heat load conditions are implemented to characterize the overall performance of variable flow and intermittent flow spray cooling cases in comparison with the reference, steady flow spray cooling case with constant flowrate, continuous spray cooling. Tests are conducted on a small-scale, closed loop spray cooling system featuring a pressure atomized spray nozzle. HFE-7100 dielectric liquid is selected as the working fluid. Two types of test samples are prepared on 10 mm x 10 mm x 2 mm copper substrates with matching size thick film resistors attached onto the opposite side, to generate heat and simulate high heat flux electronic devices. The test samples include: (i) plain, smooth surface, and (ii) microporous surface featuring 100 μm thick copper-based coating prepared by dual stage electroplating technique. Experimental conditions involve HFE-7100 at atmospheric pressure and 30°C and ~10°C subcooling. Steady flow spray cooling tests are conducted at flow rates of 2 - 5 ml/cm².s, by controlling the heat flux in increasing steps, and recording the corresponding steady-state temperatures to obtain cooling curves in the form of surface superheat vs. heat flux. Variable flow and intermittent flow spray cooling tests are done at selected flowrate and subcooling conditions to investigate the effects of dynamic flow conditions on maintaining the target surface temperatures defined based on reference steady flow spray cooling performance.

A indústria do turismo caracteriza-se pela sua heterogeneidade e pelo grande volume de transacções realizadas on-line. Cada vez mais os pequenos operadores turísticos optam por desenvolver os seus pequenos sistemas de reservas, para não terem de estar submetidos ao pagamento de comissões às entidades que gerem os grandes sistemas de informação turística. Devido a este facto, têm surgido um grande número de novas fontes de informação turística na Internet. A proliferação de informação turística torna complexo o planeamento das férias por parte do turista. A implementação de sistemas de integração de informação turística torna-se uma necessidade urgente. Ao mesmo tempo que ajudam o turista no planeamento das férias, também permitem aos operadores implementarem novas estratégias de marketing. Uma destas novas estratégias de marketing passa pela implementação do conceito de “Dynamic Packaging”. O “Dynamic Packaging” permite ao turista, ou ao agente turístico, a construção de pacotes que incluem produtos turísticos escolhidos por este sem qualquer limitação. Aos operadores turísticos, permite a criação de regras de negócio sobre a constituição de um pacote. As regras são depois aplicadas dinamicamente à medida que os pacotes são definidos. A arquitectura SEED define a implementação de um sistema de integração de informação turística. Pretende também disponibilizar a base para a implementação de sistemas que suportem o “Dynamic Packaging”. A integração da informação é realizada através da utilização das tecnologias associadas à Web Semântica. A implementação do “Dynamic Packaging” é suportada pela utilização de motores de inferência que permitem a definição e interpretação de regras semânticas.
Orientador: António Jorge Silva Cardoso

碩士
逢甲大學
工業工程與系統管理學研究所
100
Many production models may be applied to Semiconductor Packaging Firms. This study aims to discover how CONWIP be applied to packaging production. In this study, the Packaging Firm''s production process is analyzed and the bottleneck of production is determined. Then, we construct a CONWIP production model which is around the bottleneck production. Finally, a VENSIM simulation model is built through the investigation of the impact factors of production and their associated causal-loop. The simulation model is used to study the dynamic influences on performances. Two simulations are presented in the thesis. One is to study the comparative advantages of CONWIP model with traditional production model. The other is to study the WIP-influences on the order variability of CONWIP model. The simulation results show that CONWIP Production system may mitigate WIP variation and the whole inventory is fewer than the traditional model. In practice, Packaging Firms can set up the production parameters by running the proposed dynamic simulation model before real production. Proper production parameters may increase system performances.

碩士
國立雲林科技大學
機械工程系碩士班
95
The heat from the high frequency operation of the electronic products and under high temperature environment as well as long-term usage easily cause to form the intermetallic compounds between the solders and the solder pads. That may lead to solder joints failure. In addition, the thermal cycling created by repeated operation of the electronic products causes the thermal fatigue due to the different thermal expansion coefficiency of the material in the electronic package. Thermal cycling tests are usually used to evaluate the thermal fatigue properties. Nevertheless, the testing process consumes time and becomes an annoyance for short cycle products in the electronic industry. The failure mode of the thermal cycling tests is basically the thermal fatigue caused by thermal expansion mismatch. Considering to shorten the testing period, the fatigue testing can be processed by the mechanical cycling. Thus, the way is beneficial the design and development of packaging for new products. Due to the environmental consciousness, many countries were enacted to reduce the amount of lead in electrical and electronic equipment. The good solderability Sn -Ag-Cu solders are considered the most promising candidate to replace the eutectic Sn - Pb for electronic packaging applications. In this study, the interfacial reaction and the mechanical fatigue of the Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder were characterized. The mechanical fatigue tests were carried out by three-point bending. During the cyclic bending testing, a non-destruction method with monitoring the electric resistance was utilized to observe the crack initiation, propagation and fatigue life. After aging testing, the shear strengths of the solder balls on Au/Ni/Cu substrate were measured by ball shear testing. In addition, the effect of intermetallic compounds between solder ball and solder pad on the fatigue life was considered. Experimental results showed that the fatigue life is more sensitive than shear strength to intermetallic compounds. The thickness of intermetallic layers increased with increasing the aging time. However, after aging testing, the fatigue life reduced. The bending fatigue tests showed the fatigue strength of the Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu lead-free solder was better than the traditional Sn-37Pb solder.

博士
國立臺灣大學
材料科學與工程學研究所
91
Abstract The solder fatigue is the major reason for mal-function of electronic packaging, which is traditionally evaluated by the temperature cycling test for reliability. Nevertheless, this is often time-consuming to delay the improvement of the short cycle products in the electronic industry. Additionally, the fracture mode of the temperature cyclic experiment is basically the fatigue result caused by thermal expansion mismatch. Considering the analyzing time for reliability, the mechanical cyclic method to directly process the dynamic fatigue experiment will certainly be beneficial to the design and development of packaging new products. In this dissertation, the mechanical fatigue characteristic of Sn-37Pb as well as the two low melting eutectic lead free solders (Sn-51In、Sn-58Bi) implemented on BGA packaging electronic component were discussed. The mechanical fatigue characteristic was analyzed through both the three-point bending test and the constant shear strain test. During the cyclic bending test; a non-destruction method to real-time monitor the complete resistance history of packaging module was utilized to understand the crack initiation, propagation and life under certain deflection. Besides, the finite element method was also applied to resolve the maximum equivalent plastic strain. Based on Coffin-Manson equation, the estimated fatigue life was then compared with the experimental result. The probability and statistic theories were moreover introduced to process reliability analysis and determine the destruction probability, life distribution as well as the estimated fatigue life. In the constant shear strain test, the nonlinear mechanics behavior of low cycle fatigue was discussed to derive each hysteresis loop parameter and the life equation by Solomon and Morrow. Furthermore, it was found that fatigue crack created at the solder ball stress concentration point and propagated along with the intermetallic compound by the fracture analysis.

Due to the fierce competition inherent in the aviation industry combined with low profitability and high operating costs, airlines are called upon to pursue additional revenue in order to be financially sustainable. This research work examines the offer of the airlines seeking to understand the needs of passengers and the opportunities that potentially arise from them. In collaboration with TAP Air Portugal, the path is to innovate in the areas of ancillary services by improving the value proposition offered to passengers and by selling more through direct channels. Passenger’s travelling journey is analyzed trying to understand passenger preferences along this process. The relationship between the passenger and the airline specifically on passenger trust, airline reliability and acceptance of new products and services are explored. Lastly, it is also analyzed the possibility of airlines in reselling the airplane tickets. Through the design and execution of an online survey, primary data was collected from the responses of 300 air passengers in order to explore passenger needs and the potential of innovative airline products and services. Therefore, through statistical analysis, it was found the reasons that make passengers not to acquire their airplane ticket directly with the airline. It was found that passengers are not satisfied with the information obtained and that they feel the need of being well advised to properly plan and make their trips. It was also found that passengers demonstrate a positive acceptance to exchange their airplane ticket, to a similar date, as long as they are refunded for doing so.
Devido à forte concorrência inerente à indústria da aviação, combinada com baixos lucros e custos operacionais significativos, as companhias aéreas necessitam captar receitas adicionais para serem financeiramente sustentáveis. Este trabalho de pesquisa examina as companhias aéreas procurando perceber as necessidades dos passageiros e as oportunidades que daí surjam. Em colaboração com a TAP Air Portugal, o caminho passa pela inovação na venda de "ancillaries" aumentando a proposta de valor ao cliente e vendendo mais nos canais diretos. Assim, a jornada de viagem do passageiro é analisada tentando perceber as suas preferências ao longo deste processo. A relação do passageiro com as companhias aéreas nomeadamente aos níveis de confiança, fiabilidade e aceitação de novos produtos e serviços são explorados. Por último, foi também analisada a possibilidade de as companhias aéreas revenderem os bilhetes de avião. Através da criação e execução de um inquérito online foram obtidos dados relativamente a 300 passageiros que usualmente viajam de avião de modo a explorar as suas necessidades e potenciais inovações em produtos e serviços. Assim, através de analises estatísticas, foram apuradas as razões que levam os passageiros a não adquirir o seu bilhete de avião diretamente com a companhia aérea. Foi apurado que os passageiros não estão satisfeitos com a informação que obtêm e que sentem a necessidade em serem devidamente aconselhados ao fazerem as suas viagens. Foi também apurado que os passageiros demonstram um nível positivo de aceitação para trocarem o seu bilhete de avião, para uma data próxima, se forem reembolsados para o fazer.