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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dynamic Traffic Information'
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Staats, Richard C. (Richard Charles). "Integration of predictive routing information with dynamic traffic signal control." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35433.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1994.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 306-310).
by Richard C. Staats.
Ph.D.
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Wohlgemuth, Sascha. "Traffic information and dynamic pickup and delivery planning in forwarding agencies." Dortmund Verl. Praxiswissen, 2010. http://d-nb.info/100080853X/04.
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Chang, Mark (Mark Chwanliang) 1975. "Evaluation of dynamic traffic assignment : demand estimation and impacts of traveler information." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80588.
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Ahmed, Afzal. "Integration of real-time traffic state estimation and dynamic traffic assignment with applications to advanced traveller information systems." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9420/.
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Accurate depiction of existing traffic states is essential to devise effective real-time traffic management strategies using Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Existing applications of Dynamic Traffic Assignment (DTA) methods are mainly based on either the prediction from macroscopic traffic flow models or measurements from the sensors and do not take advantage of traffic state estimation techniques, which produce estimate of the traffic states with less uncertainty than the prediction or measurement alone. On the other hand, research studies highlighting estimation of real-time traffic state are focused only on traffic state estimation and have not utilized the estimated traffic state for DTA applications. This research introduces a framework which integrates real-time traffic state estimate with applications of DTA to optimize network performance during uncertain traffic conditions through traveller information system. The estimate of real-time traffic states is obtained by combining the prediction of traffic density using Cell Transmission Model (CTM) and the measurements from the traffic sensors in Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) recursive algorithm. The estimated traffic state is used for predicting travel times on available routes in a traffic network and the predicted travel times are communicated to the commuters by a variable message sign (VMS). In numerical experiments, the proposed estimation and information framework is applied to optimize network performance during traffic incident on a two route network. The proposed framework significantly improved the network performance and commuters’ travel time when compared with no-information scenario during the incident. The application of the formulated methodology is extended to model day-to-day dynamics of traffic flow and route choice with time-varying traffic demand. The day-to-day network performance is improved by providing accurate and reliable traveller information. The implementation of the proposed framework through numerical experiments shows a significant improvement in daily travel times and stability in day-to-day performance of the network when compared with no-information scenario. The use of model based real-time traffic state estimation in DTA models allows modelling and estimating behaviour parameters in DTA models which improves the accuracy of the modelling process. In this research, a framework is proposed to model commuters’ level of trust in the information provided which defines the weight given to the information by commuters while they update their perception about expected travel time. A methodology is formulated to model and estimate logit parameter for perception variation among commuters for expected travel time based on measurements from traffic sensors and estimated traffic state. The application of the proposed framework to a test network shows that the model accurately estimated the value of logit parameter when started with a different initial value of the parameter.
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Özbay, Kaan. "A dynamic traffic simulation/assignment model in the context of Advanced Driver Information Systems /." This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10222009-125053/.
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Ozbay, Kaan. "A dynamic traffic simulation/assignment model in the context of Advanced Driver Information Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45254.
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Growing congestion problems of many metropolitan areas which cause excessive traffic delay, instability of travel time generated the need for the development of an Intelligent Vehicle Highway System (IVHS) program that is capable of making significant improvements in mobility, highway safety, and productivity on highways and urban streets. The success of such real time control system highly depends on the new methods that address dynamic traffic assignment. Thus there is an urgent need for an effective dynamic assignment model.
The main objective of this research is to emphasize the importance of dynamic traffic assignment for Advanced Driver Information Systems (ADIS) which is one of the major components of IVHS and to present a practical traffic assignment model that is capable of running in real time and which can accurately predict link travel times, queue build up, and network performance. DYNTRAS (DYNamic Traffic Simulation Assignment), a simulation /assignment model is developed. The model uses an incremental loop that assigns a portion of the Origin-Destination matrix, and simulates the movement of the vehicles. Then, it updates travel times and assigns an additional portion of the O-D matrix. In contrast to traditional traffic assignment models like "capacity restraint" and “incremental assignment" techniques that do not consider time dimension, DYNTRAS incorporates time as a third dimension by keeping track of the vehicle movements in time. As a result, it is capable of predicting time-dynamic impacts of congestion and effects of diverted traffic on traffic flow more realistically.
The model is applied to a test network. “Several experimental factors are varied to test the sensitivity of the model. The results obtained are presented and general conclusions are derived. The differences between dynamic and static traffic assignment results are also discussed by considering results obtained from both methods.
The model needs to be calibrated using real traffic data. According to the results obtained, it needs to be validated. In addition, its long computation time should be reduced to be able to use it for real time applications.Master of Science
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Löfås, Peter. "Advanced Traffic Service." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-374.
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More and more travellers use navigation-aid software to find the way while driving. Most of todays systems use static maps with little or no information at all about currently yeilding roads conditions and disturbances in the network. It is desirable for such services
in the future to include information about road works, accidents, surface conditions and other types of events that affects what route is currently the best.
It is also desirable to notify users about changes in the prerequisites of the chosen route after they have started their trip.
This thesis investigates methods to include dynamic traffic information in route calculations and notifying users when the characteristics change for their chosen route.
The thesis utilizes dynamic traffic information from The Swedish Road Agencys (Vägverket) central database for traffic information, TRISS and calculates affected clients with help of positioning through the GSM network.
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Kontothanasis, Epameinondas. "Dynamic Optical Resource Allocation in Transport Networks Based on Mobile Traffic Patterns." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-207139.
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Mobile traffic increases rapidly. Based on Ericsson’s forecast [1], mobile traffic is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate on percentage of 45% as the number of smartphone subscriptions and the consumption per subscriber increase. The monthly data traffic volume is expected to grow 6 times between 2015 and 2021. As demand increases, new technologies are investigated and deployed to cover the user requirements. Intense effort is given by researchers for the arrival of fifth generation (5G) network. High performance and increased capacity requirements drive research to heterogeneous networks. With the term “heterogeneous network”, a network that consists of different technologies and architectures is described. A heterogeneous wireless network involves the combination of macro and micro cells to improve coverage and capacity. All the traffic generated from the mobile network should be transferred from the antenna, through an access network, to the main office and from there to the backbone network. Optical networks are considered as the ideal solution for this purpose and research drives technology towards the usage of optical networks in the Fixed Mobile Convergence (FMC) architectures. The FMC architectures are proposed architectures [2] that focus to converge the fixed, mobile access and aggregation networks into a single transport network. In this study, we analyze the FMC architecture. We particularly analyze the Fronthaul architecture in combination with transport technologies such as Next Generation – Passive Optical Network 2 (NG-PON2) and Wavelength Routed Wavelength Division Multiplexing PON (WR-WDM-PON). We also take under consideration traffic patterns of mobile networks generated in various urban areas in the city of Stockholm, based in different use of land. Based on the traffic pattern, the number of small cells needed per area is calculated. In this thesis project, the traffic patterns from the mobile network and the transport network architectures are studied. The purpose of this thesis is to create an algorithm and study different sharing scenarios of the underlying transport infrastructure. The results of this algorithm will reveal if sharing and reusing resources in the transport infrastructure is beneficial in terms of saving resources.Mobiltrafik ökar snabbt. Baserat på Ericssons prognos [1], väntas mobiltrafiken få en årlig tillväxttakt på 45% i samband med att antalet smartphone-abonnemang och förbrukning per abonnent ökar. Den månatliga volymen av datatrafik väntas att öka sexfaldigt mellan 2015 och 2021. Allteftersom efterfrågan ökar, undersöks och distribueras ny teknik för att möta användarnas krav. Intensivt forskningsarbetearbete bedrivs inför av femte generationens (5G) nätverk. Högt ställda krav på prestanda och kapacitet är de drivande faktorerna i forskningen av heterogena nätverk. Med heterogena nätverk menas nätverk som består av olika teknologier och arkitekturer. Ett heterogent trådlöst nätverk involverar kombinationen av makrooch mimkroceller för att förbättra täckning och kapacitet. All trafik som genereras i mobila nätverk ska överföras från antennen, genom ett accessnät, till huvudkontoret, och därifrån till backbone-nätverket. Optiska nätverk betraktas som den idealiska lösningen för detta ändamål, och forskare driver teknologin mot användning av optiska nätverk i Fixed Mobile Convergence(FMC) arkitekturer. FMC arktekturer är föreslagna arkitekturerna som fokuserar på att konvergera fasta, mobila och aggregerings-nätverk till ett enda transportnät. I denna studie, analyserar vi FMC-arkitekturen. Vi analyserar särskilt Fronthaul-arkitekturen i kombination med transportteknologier, så som Next Generation Passive Optical Network 2 (NG-PON2) och Wavelength Routed Wavelength Division Multiplexing PON (WR-WDM-PON). Vi tar också hänsyn till trafikmönster i mobila nätverk i olika sorters urbana områden i Stockholm. Baserat på trafikmönstret räknas antalet små celler som behövs per område ut. I detta examensarbete är det trafikmönster från mobila nätverk och transportnätverksarkitekturer som studeras. Syftet med denna avhandling är att skapa en algoritm, och studera olika olika scenarion där den underliggande transportinfrastrukturens resurser delas. Resultatet av denna algoritm avslöjar om delning och återanvändning av resurser i transportnätverket är fördelaktigt när det gäller att spara resurser.
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Tarhan, Faik Aras. "Distance Adaptive Shared Path Protection for Elastic Optical Networks under Dynamic Traffic." Thesis, KTH, Programvaruteknik och Datorsystem, SCS, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-141703.
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Recently, the internet traffic demand has been compoundly rising up as a result of the increase in the number of users as well as data demand per user. That is why, Elastic Optical Networks (EONs), which employ Orthongonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) , have been proposed to scale the demands by efficiently utilizing the spectrum as they provide finer spectrum granularity and distance adaptive modulation formatting. Not only efficiency and scalability but also survivability of the network is significant since even a single-link failure may cause huge volume of data considering that even a channel bandwidth may vary between 1 Gb/s and 1Tb/s. Hence, we propose a heuristic algorithm to increase the spectrum efficiency in EONs employing Shared Path Protection (SPP) as the recovery scheme provided that the traffic demand is dynamic and the modulation format is distance adaptive. Our algorithm, Primary First-Fit Modified Backup Last-Fit (PF-MBL), follows two step approach for Routing and Spectrum Assignment (RSA). In the first step, k-shortest path algorithm is applied and candidates paths are found regardless of spectrum availability for routing. In the second step, spectrum is assigned to working paths and backup paths starting from the different ends of the links’ frequency domain so as to group working and backup path resources separately. In working path spectrum assignment, First-Fit strategy is employed. In backup path spectrum assignment, the algorithm chooses a path according to a formula among candidate paths with available spectrum widths found by Last-Fit strategy. In this manner, we expect to provide less fragmented spectrum for backup paths as well as the network, thereby increasing their sharability and thus the spectrum efficiency. We compare our algorithm and the two current solutions by simulations. Results show that PF-MBL can improve the performance in terms of blocking and bandwidth blocking probability by 24% up to 59% compared to the current outperforming algorithm when the bandwidth acceptance ratio of the system varies from 90% to 99.9% in different loads. Moreover, it achieves between 41% to 59% savings over the current outperforming algorithm when the bandwidth acceptance ratio of the system varies from 99% to 99.9%.
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Johansson, Valentin. "Dynamiskt trafikljussystem : För aktiv säkerhet- och automatiserad fordonstestning." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Elektroniska Kretsar och System, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157495.
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This thesis involved developing a traffic light system using a single-board computer that is adaptable for different test scenarios of autonomous vehicles at AstaZero. Today there exists a need for using traffic lights in the testing of autonomous vehicles, which the currently existing traffic light systems are not adapted for. This raises the need for developing a traffic light system that is simple enough, but has enough functionality for tests of autonomous vehicles. The traffic light system has to be adaptable to various tests of vehicles, be portable, robust, energy efficient and easy to set up and use through AstaZero's control server. The work began with studying science articles and creating a system- and function design as a template for the traffic light system. When the system was implemented experiments were conducted on energy consumtion and robustness. The finished traffic light system proved to meet the requirements set at the beginning of the thesis and has shown great potential for future development. It was also stated that it is necessary to carry out further testing on the traffic light system in order to verify the robustness and make the energy consumtion more efficient.
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Petri, Giovanni. "Information and dynamics in urban traffic networks." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/10742.
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The study of complex systems has intensified in recent years. Researchers from many different disciplines have realised that the study of systems possessing a large number of degrees of freedom interacting in a non-linear way can offer insights into problems in engineering, biology, economics and many other fields besides. Among the themes in complexity, we focus here the issues of congestion and congestion emergence in the context of urban networks, with particular reference to the effects of dissemination of information about the system’s status. This topic is of great relevance today, due to the increasing availability of real-time information about traffic conditions and the large diffusion of personal devices that allow travellers to access such information. Through the analysis of a few simple models of information propagation in urban environment, we uncover that, contrarily to the naïve expectation, complete information is often detrimental to the global performance of the urban traffic network. Indeed, global or long-range dissemination induces correlations in the systems that become a source for spatial disorder, making the system more prone to the emergence of congested states and pushing it away from its Wardrop equilibrium. The models we study range from simple flow models on network to complete agent-based simulations on real-world networks with interacting agents and dynamical information. We then analyse real data, coming from London’s network of traffic detectors. We confirm that the heterogeneity in the distribution of traffic flow and occupancies across the network reduces its performances, consistently with the results obtained for the information propagation models. In addition, we find a rich phenomenology strikingly similar to the one found in critical self-organised systems. Indeed, we measure power-law correlation functions and 1/f power spectra, hinting to long spatial and temporal effects in the traffic flow, and confirm this result through the community detection analysis of the detectors’ correlation network, which showing that the whole urban area behaves as a single large chunk. We conclude discussing the origin of these features and how they can be used to improve the network performances.
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Chen, Peter Shen-te. "Dynamics of urban commuter behavior under real-time traffic information /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Njoze, Shafack Raymond. "The development and application of an assignment model for dynamic route guidance." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262003.
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Biagini, Giulio. "Studio delle Problematiche ed Evoluzione dello Streaming Adattivo su HTTP." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15474/.
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Negli ultimi anni abbiamo assistito ad un notevole aumento del traffico dati mobile, trend confermato anche per il futuro, generato in gran parte da dispositivi smart e perlopiù legato alla metodica di accesso e scambio dati nota con il nome di video streaming. Si stima infatti che circa l'80% della bandwidth mobile mondiale nel 2021 sarà utilizzata per lo scambio di dati audio/video. Risulta dunque di fondamentale importanza per i provider di rete e dei servizi di video streaming, soprattutto quelli forniti on-demand, cercare di comprendere quali sono i parametri che maggiormente influenzano la cosiddetta QoE - Quality of Experience sperimentata dagli utenti finali, in modo da garantire loro il miglior servizio possibile (QoS - Quality of Service), mantenendo comunque alti i profitti.
Nell'ambito delle applicazioni e servizi di video streaming, in particolare, la qualità percepita dagli utenti finali risulta fortemente influenzata da diversi effetti di degradazione che possono verificarsi a causa di cattive condizioni di rete, soprattutto nello specifico ambito della mobilità.
Da questi studi risulta come, ad esempio, gli utenti preferiscono sperimentare effetti di degradazione temporale durante la riproduzione di contenui multimediali piuttosto che effetti di degradazione della qualità, risultati da cui derivano scelte implementative quali, ad esempio, l'utilizzo del protocollo TCP e la nascita del cosiddetto HTTP-based adaptive streaming, ovvero quella tecnica che permette di adattare la qualità dei segmenti scaricati in base al throughput, in modo da minimizzare il numero di interruzioni del servizio e massimizzare, al contempo, la qualità del media in download.
Dopo una rapida analisi delle principali tecnologie oggi utilizzate, si evince come vi sia la necessità di definire un unico formato per il manifest e per la struttura dei segmenti. Si arriva così alla definizione dello standard MPEG-DASH con le proprie euristiche di adattamento.
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Wei-Cheng, Hsiao. "Dynamic Traffic Information System Based on Cellular Network Data." 2007. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-1101200718430800.
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Hsiao, Wei-Cheng, and 蕭偉政. "Dynamic Traffic Information System Based on Cellular Network Data." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37145361641370284842.
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博士國立臺灣大學
土木工程學研究所
95
Traffic information system based on mobile phone location technology relies on cellular network data reported by mobile phones to determine accurate location and generate traffic information. However, inaccurate location and insufficient cellular network data become the two major barriers for implementation. For the first issue, in traditional traffic information estimation method, the difference in positions is used to estimate traffic information. However, variation or flutter of positioning caused by imprecise mobile phone location accuracy may lead to the unstable measurement. Take the latest mobile phone location positioning technology into consideration, this dissertation introduces a new segment-based traffic information estimation method. It is proved by simulation approach in this research that segment-based method performs better than traditional distance-based method when location error ranges within the length of a segment. Simulation results also demonstrate that segment-based method is better than traditional one under all kinds of traffic condition except for the conditions of high location error and over saturation. Through simulation analysis, we conclude that enough sample size, i.e. larger vehicle generation rate, longer data collection interval, shorter location update interval, and larger mobile penetration rate are crucial factors to generate accurate traffic information. For the second issue, mobile phone reports cellular network data to the mobile switching center when it is necessary to update the location when mobile phone is switched on, active or update-timer expired during idle. The purpose of Location Update is to ensure each call can be delivered to an exact destination on time and efficiently. The higher the update frequency is, the faster each call can be connected and therefore, more traffic data can be obtained to generate reliable traffic information. However, frequent updates increase network load and decrease service level. Therefore, there is a trade-off between operation cost and traffic information quality for the purpose of generating the best update strategy. This research develops analytical models to analyze the optimal Location Update strategy with the objective of minimum total cost. The optimal analytical results and numerical analysis results show that the optimal timer (t) is inversely proportional to cube root of square speed (S); moreover, the optimal distance (m) is proportional to cube root of travel speed (S). When traffic condition becomes worse, it’s suggested to increase the update timer. Finally, a maneuverable model and rule of optimality developed by this study can be used as a price evaluation tool for both telecom operators and traffic information providers.
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Machado, Daniel Pereira. "Microscopic traffic assignment under dynamic demand." Dissertação, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/129132.
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Machado, Daniel Pereira. "Microscopic traffic assignment under dynamic demand." Master's thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/129132.
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HSIEH, CHIA-TSEN, and 謝佳岑. "A Dynamic Prediction of Traffic Information for Routing Optimization in VANETs." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67453062246988323980.
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碩士國立屏東大學
資訊科學系碩士班
104
Most of traditional routing protocols determine the transmission paths according to current traffic information of each road segment. However, the determine paths are not precise enough due to the ongoing change of traffic flow and road conditions. Therefore, predictions of following traffic conditions will be the important reference for computing the delay estimation of packets as well as finding the best packets transmission path. This thesis aims to propose a packets routing algorithm for the dynamic traffic conditions on roads. The historical data of previous traffic conditions are used to predict traffic flow, in order to compute estimating packets delays of road segment and to reduce the prediction error. Then, the packets routing path based on these estimating delays would be determined. The simulated experiment analyzes the efficiency of the average packets routing delays prediction. The simulations also compared the efficiency of the proposed packets routing algorithm against the traditional algorithm on the total traveling time. The experiment results show that the proposed prediction method outperforms the prediction of average delays in terms of prediction error. And the proposed algorithm also can determine a shorter routing path than the compared algorithm.
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Huang, Pao-Huey, and 黃寶慧. "A Study of Stochastic Dynamic Assignment Model with Fuzzy Measure Traffic Information." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58949551136254188776.
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碩士淡江大學
交通管理學系
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Title of Thesis: Total Page: 133A Study of Schastic Dynamic Assignment Model with Fuzzy Measure Traffic InformationName of Institute: Graduate Institute of Transportation Science, Tamkang UniversityGraduate Data: June 1998 Degree Conferred : MasterName of Student: Pao-Huey Huang Advisor: Dr. Shihsien LiuAbstract: In a real road network, drivers make their route choice decisions based on predicted future travel time and the outcome of route choice decisions displays a stochastic distribution. This behavior condition can be perfectly described by fuzzy measure of dynamic travel time from Dubois''s invertible mapping of one dimension route choice probability distribution. Hence, this study focuses stochastic dynamic assignment model with fuzzy measure traffic information. Using the indexes of necessary and possible, we can not only improve the quality of model performance, but also provide a new approach to tackle the dynamic traffic assignment problem. The study area locates at the Lin-Kou area, Taipei County, because this network is isolated and traffic zones are separable. The license plate survey and outbound traffic zone questionnaire survey are performed simultaneously to capture the drivers'' perceived and real route choice outcome. According to the study, the results lead to some significant findings as follows:1. The deterministic model is a special case of the stochastic model.2. When route travel time with non-symmetric fuzzy membership function, the likely shortest route may change with different alpha-cut value.3. In the Lin-Kou area, the dynamic route choice set among a pair of origin and destination is stable. The reliable degree of perceived fuzzy membership function of route travel time,alpha-cut value, is 0.4.4. The parameter of a stochastic assignment model,theta , may fluctuate based on location and time of the day. This make the implementation of logit or probit based stochastic is impracticable.Key works: Fuzzy measure, Invertible mapping, Travel time fuzzy number
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Jhou, Jhe yu, and 周哲宇. "Dynamic Path Planning Based on traffic information for Large-Scale Road Networks." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98645788534012319123.
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Bringardner, Jack William 1989. "Application of a subnetwork characterization methodology for dynamic traffic assignment." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/28057.
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The focus of this dissertation is a methodology to select an appropriate subnetwork from a large urban transportation network that experiences changes to a small fraction of the whole network. Subnetwork selection techniques are most effective when using a regional dynamic traffic assignment model. The level of detail included in the regional model relieves the user of manually coding subnetwork components because they can be extracted from the full model. This method will reduce the resources necessary for an agency to complete an analysis through time and cost savings. Dynamic traffic assignment also has the powerful capability of determining rerouting due to network changes. However, the major limitation of these new dynamic models is the computational demand of the algorithms, which inhibit use of full regional models for comparing multiple scenarios. By examining a smaller window of the network, where impacts are expected to occur, the burden of computer power and time can be overcome. These methods will contribute to the accuracy of dynamic transportation systems analysis, increase the tractability of these advanced traffic models, and help implement new modeling techniques previously limited by network size. The following describes how to best understand the effects of reducing a network to a subarea and how this technique may be implemented in practice.text
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Abdelghany, Khaled Faissal Said 1970. "Stochastic dynamic traffic assignment for intermodal transportation networks with consistent information supply strategies." 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/10461.
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Abdelghany, Khaled Faissal Said. "Stochastic dynamic traffic assignment for intermodal transportation networks with consistent information supply strategies." 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Unnikrishnan, Avinash. "Dynamic user class model theoretical framework and advanced traveler information systems (ATIS) applications /." Diss., 2004. http://etd.library.vanderbilt.edu/ETD-db/available/etd-04022004-113526/.
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Chen, Wei-Ming, and 陳偉明. "Applying Support Vector Machines to improve the detection of suspicious dynamic target of Vessel Traffic Management Information System." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13852888712407620613.
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碩士華梵大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
95
The coastal radar of Coast Guard Administration to seize and illegally in the maritime space, obtains the main tool of the dynamic information of maritime vessel; It is unable to predict the suspicious target automatically to coastal radars in the maritime space. To the suspicious dynamic studying and judging of the radar target , if can set up intelligent analysis tool , can offer illegal vessel trends early warning information , make at sea is it have accurate ability that send to dispose to seizing rapidly, in order to give play to resource greatest benefit. The statistic learning algorithm of Support Vector Machines has already been applied to the classification question extensively. This research uses the Coast Guard Administration to seize the radar which smuggled the illegal immigration case to monitor the radar target in order to learn by Support Vector Machines in the past, and deal with to improve the sea to patrol the accuracy rate of prediction that studied and judged of radar with the materials; Shown , can improve the prediction performance of the classifying device effectively in treatment method before the materials designed in this research by the experimental result, can help duty personnel to predict the suspicious dynamic target of radar , the strong tool offering the sea area to enforce the law correctly.
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(8083247), Yong Hoon Kim. "INTEGRATED MODELING FRAMEWORK FOR DYNAMIC INFORMATION FLOW AND TRAFFIC FLOW UNDER VEHICLE-TO-VEHICLE COMMUNICATIONS: THEORETICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION." Thesis, 2019.
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Advances in information and communication technologies enable new paradigms for connectivity involving vehicles, infrastructure, and the broader road transportation system environment. Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications under the aegis of the connected vehicle are being leveraged for novel applications related to traffic safety, management, and control, which lead to a V2V-based traffic system. Within the framework of a V2V-based traffic system, this study proposes an integrated modeling framework to model the dynamics of a V2V-based traffic system that entails spatiotemporal interdependencies among the traffic flow dynamics, V2V communication constraints, the dynamics of information flow propagation, and V2V-based application. The proposed framework systematically exploits their spatiotemporal interdependencies by theoretical and computational approaches.
First, a graph-based multi-layer framework is proposed to model the V2V-based advanced traveler information system (ATIS) as a complex system which is comprised of coupled network layers. This framework addresses the dynamics of each physical vehicular traffic flow, inter-vehicle communication, and information flow propagation components within a layer, while capturing their interactions among layers. This enables the capabilities to transparently understand the spatiotemporal evolution of information flow propagation through a graph structure. A novel contribution is the systematic modeling of an evolving information flow network that is characterized as the manifestation of spatiotemporal events in the other two networks to enhance the understanding of the information flow evolution by capturing the dynamics of the interactions involving the traffic flow and the inter-vehicle communication layers. The graph-based approach enables the computationally efficient tracking of information propagation using a simple graph-based search algorithm and the computationally efficient storage of information through a single graph database.
Second, this dissertation proposes analytical approaches that enable theoretical investigation into the qualitative properties of information flow propagation speed. The proposed analytical models, motivated from spatiotemporal epidemiology, introduce the concept of an information flow propagation wave (IFPW) to facilitate the analysis of the information propagation characteristics and impacts of traffic dynamics at a macroscopic level. The first model consists of a system of difference equations in the discrete-space and discrete-time domains where an information dissemination is described in the upper layer and a vehicular traffic flow is modeled in the lower layer. This study further proposes a continuous-space and continuous-time analytical model that can provide a closed-form solution for the IFPW speed to establish an analytical relationship between the IFPW speed and the underlying traffic flow dynamics. It can corporate the effects of congested traffic, such as the backward traffic propagation wave, on information flow propagation. Thereby, it illustrates the linkage between information flow propagation and the underlying traffic dynamics. Further, it captures V2V communication constraints in a realistic manner using a probabilistic communication kernel (which captures the probability).
Third, within the integrated modeling framework, this dissertation captures the impact of information flow propagation on traffic safety and control applications. The proposed multi-anticipative forward collision warning system predicts the driver’s maneuver intention using a coupled hidden Markov model, which is one of statistical machine learning techniques. It significantly reduces the false alarm rates by addressing the uncertainty associate improves the performance of the future motion prediction, while currently available sensor-based kinematic models for addressing the uncertainty associated with the future motion prediction. A network-level simulation framework is developed to investigate a V2V-based ATIS in a large-scale network by capturing its inter-dependencies and feedback loop. This modeling framework provides the understanding of the relationship between the travelers’ routing decisions and information flow propagation.
This thesis provides a holistic understanding of information flow propagation characteristics in space and time by characterizing interactions among information flow propagation, and underlying traffic flow, and V2V communications characteristics. The proposed models and the closed-form solution of IFPW speed can help in designing effective V2V-based traffic systems, without relying on computationally expensive numerical methods. An innovative aspect of this approach represents a building block to develop both descriptive capabilities and prescriptive strategies related to propagating the flow of useful information efficiently and synergistically generating routing mechanisms that enhance the traffic network performance. Given the lack of appropriate methodologies to characterize the information flow propagation, this thesis expects to make a novel and significant contribution to understanding the characteristics of V2V-based traffic systems and their analysis.
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Kim, Youngho [Verfasser]. "Online traffic flow model applying dynamic flow density relations / Youngho Kim." 2002. http://d-nb.info/964751909/34.
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El-Khatib, Mayar. "Highway Development Decision-Making Under Uncertainty: Analysis, Critique and Advancement." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5741.
Full textAbstract:
While decision-making under uncertainty is a major universal problem, its implications in the field of transportation systems are especially enormous; where the benefits of right decisions are tremendous, the consequences of wrong ones are potentially disastrous.
In the realm of highway systems, decisions related to the highway configuration (number of lanes, right of way, etc.) need to incorporate both the traffic demand and land price uncertainties. In the literature, these uncertainties have generally been modeled using the Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) process, which has been used extensively in modeling many other real life phenomena. But few scholars, including those who used the GBM in highway configuration decisions, have offered any rigorous justification for the use of this model.
This thesis attempts to offer a detailed analysis of various aspects of transportation systems in relation to decision-making. It reveals some general insights as well as a new concept that extends the notion of opportunity cost to situations where wrong decisions could be made. Claiming deficiency of the GBM model, it also introduces a new formulation that utilizes a large and flexible parametric family of jump models (i.e., Lévy processes). To validate this claim, data related to traffic demand and land prices were collected and analyzed to reveal that their distributions, heavy-tailed and asymmetric, do not match well with the GBM model. As a remedy, this research used the Merton, Kou, and negative inverse Gaussian Lévy processes as possible alternatives.
Though the results show indifference in relation to final decisions among the models, mathematically, they improve the precision of uncertainty models and the decision-making process. This furthers the quest for optimality in highway projects and beyond.