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1
Ovsyannikov, V. Yu, and D. E. Drannikova. "STATUS AND PROSPECTS OF ULTRASONIC EXTRACTION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES." AGRO-INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGIES OF THE CENTRAL RUSSIA 1, no. 27 (2023): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24888/2541-7835-2023-27-52-63.
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The features of ultrasonic action on biotechnological raw materials of plant and animal origin during the extraction of useful components are considered. The mechanism of the energy impact on the raw material, the sound field solvent, as well as the influence of regime parameters on the main characteristics of the process, is described. The positive dynamics of the complex wave and diffusion effects on the nature and yield of biological substances from plant materials is shown. The performed studies on the extraction of rennet from crushed calf abomasum’s showed an increase in the temperature of the sonicated medium by 13°C and a change in pH due to the formation of H+ and OH– radicals due to cavitation. It has been estab-lished that during the first 4 minutes of sonicating a mixture of crushed calf abomasum’s and a solvent, the pH value of the solution decreases slightly, and subsequently changes to the opposite after the 5th mi-nute. This is followed by a second decline after 20 minutes and scoring. This phenomenon was explained by the formation of a significant amount of HCl free radicals within a microsecond sonication interval, af-ter which a change in the reaction to the reverse was noted. The prospects for research in this area from the point of view of further improvement and development are shown.
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Bazhenova, B. A., S. Yu Leskova, R. A. Dobretsky, I. A. Khankhalaeva, D. V. Shalbuev, and B. Kong. "Effect of blueberry (<i>vaccínium myrtíllus</i>) leaves extract, obtained by microwave heating on the dynamics of animal fat oxidation processes." Theory and practice of meat processing 8, no. 2 (2023): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2414-438x-2023-8-2-124-131.
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The potential of antioxidant properties of blueberry leaves extract (vaccínium myrtíllus) that grows in the Trans-Baikal region has been studied in this work. In order to increase the efficiency of extraction of biologically active substances with antioxidant properties, this extract was obtained with the help of microwave field. The optimal parameters for the extraction of active substances from the blueberry leaves with the help of electromagnetic microwave field have been defined. The influence of the power of the electromagnetic field and the duration of the process of blueberry leaves extraction on the efficiency of extraction of biologically active polyphenolic substances has been studied. The following parameters of the technology for blueberry leaves extraction were obtained: extraction with a water-alcohol solution with a concentration of 40% in the ratio of raw materials to extractant as 1 to 5, with duration of stirring as long as 30 minutes, then the application of an electromagnetic field of microwave heating with a power of 850W for 8–10 minutes long. Blueberry leaves extract is a clear liquid with a high content of polyphenols, of rich brown color, tart taste, without bitterness. The antioxidant potential of the obtained extract has been studied. To do this, the extract has been added into the finely ground animal fat and left for storage in a closed dark container. During storage, the dynamics of the peroxide number has been measured, as this value characterizes the degree of lipid oxidation. It has been found that blueberry leaves extract inhibits the process of animal fat oxidation due to the action of biologically active substances that feature antioxidant properties.
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Iryna, Dyachok, Pinyazhko Oleh, and Ivankiv Oksana. "Dynamics of exception of organic acids from mixture of medical vegetable raw material." ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, no. 3(13) (June 29, 2018): 37–42. https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2018.135874.
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<strong>Aim.</strong> Obtaining the mathematical equations for calculating the size of the parts to which different morphological organs of medicinal plants are to be chopped in order to achieve a required degree of extraction of biologically active compounds when they are extracted simultaneously. <strong>Methods.</strong> Looking at the increasing trends of the level of psychopathological disorders, it is expedient to develop and introduce into medical practice sedatives which is based on complex phytopolyextracts, obtained from medicinal vegetable raw materials permitted for medical use. Modern data about the chemical ingredients, pharmacological effect, application in world medical practice allow us to positively evaluate the trends of using the medicinal vegetable raw materials for the preparation of phytopolyextracts of sedative meditinal. Growing requirements for the quality of medicinal products of plant origin are a prerequisite for the development of advanced methodologies for the production of phytopolyextracts. <strong>Result.</strong> The results of research into the development of a methodology for the analytical calculation of the particle size of plant raw materials of various morphological organs to simultaneously achieve a given degree of extraction of organic acids and other biologically active substances during joint extraction are presented. <strong>Conclusions.</strong> The obtained mathematical equations describe the dynamics of extraction of organic acids from medicinal vegetable raw materials. Solving the system of obtained mathematical equations allows to calculate the size to which the vegetable raw materials of different morphological organs should be grinded in order to simultaneously achieve a given degree of extraction with joint extraction the mixture of medicinal vegetable raw materials. The obtained results represent the benefits from research of joint extraction of medicinal vegetable raw materials to obtain natural biologically active substances for the manufacture of multicomponent phytopreparations
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Dyachok, Vasyl, Liubov Venher, Oksana Ivankiv, and Iryna Diachok. "DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE EXTRACTION OF PLANT RAW MATERIALS." Environmental Problems 8, no. 1 (2023): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/ep2023.01.031.
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The peculiarity of solid bodies of organic origin, in contrast to solid bodies of mineral origin, is that their internal structure is characterized by the presence of two spaces - cellular and intercellular. Such bodies tend to swell upon contact with the extractant. The phenomenon of swelling, during extraction, is always accompanied by the dissolution of target substances contained in the cellular and intercellular space. All these processes create conditions for the diffusion of the dissolved target substance through the cell membrane into the intercellular space, and then through the intercellular space beyond the boundaries of the solid phase particle. This helps to increase the volumes of the cellular and intercellular environment. The absolute value of the volumes of cellular and intercellular spaces is one of the most important values when developing and calculating extraction processes and forecasting environmentally safe technologies for obtaining biologically active compounds. The work presents a method of experimentally calculating the volumes of intercellular and cellular spaces of medicinal plant raw materials of various morphological organs. The established absolute values of the volumes of the cellular and intercellular spaces make it possible to calculate the order of diffusion coefficients of biologically active compounds in the medium of the intercellular space, as well as in the cell membrane. In the future, the determined values of the volumes provide grounds for predicting the regime, kinetics and dynamics of extraction of target substances during the implementation of an environmentally safe technology for obtaining biologically active compounds in production, as well as to support the monitoring of production processes of extraction in digital mode.
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Школьникова, Марина, Marina Shkol’nikova, Игорь Бакин, et al. "Extracting Vitabiotic Pharmaceutical Substances from Berry Raw Materials: Optimization of Processes." Food Processing: Techniques and Technology 48, no. 4 (2019): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2018-4-121-130.
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The research features new processing methods of extraction of active antibacterial components from Siberian berries. The paper describes the content of biologically active agents and antibacterial dynamics in blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) and common sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) extracts. The study involved an analysis of the bactericidal biologically active agents in the extracts. The experiment revealed the main effect and synergism of the principal components, i.e. flavonoids, tannins, and vitamin C. It also established the leading role of the phenolic substances (flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, and glycosides) in the antibacterial influence on cultures of some kinds of pathogenic, potentially pathogenic, and unwanted microflora. The authors revealed some regularities of useful substances extraction in the conditions of ultrasonic processing. The optical density indicator of extracts during extraction helped to establish the optimum parameters of the process: mash ratio – 1:15; ultrasonic exposure frequency – 22 kHz. The experiment determined the mass fraction of extractive substances and active components, as well as the values of extraction coefficients of the berry raw material. Tannins and vitamin C were more extractable than flavonoids. The research also touched upon the impact of ultrasonic processing on the acceleration of extraction. When processing water-alcohol solutions of the raw material by ultrasonic irradiation with an intensity of 2 W/cm2 and a frequency of 22 kHz, the extraction duration fell from 300 to 15–20 minutes before the comparable values of balance concentrations of extractives were reached, in comparison with the control samples.
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Vasilevskaya, E. R., M. A. Aryuzina, and E. S. Vetrova. "Comparative study of technologies for extraction of biologically active substances from the raw material of animal origin." Theory and practice of meat processing 6, no. 3 (2021): 226–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2414-438x-2021-6-3-226-235.
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Technologies of isolation and concentration of biologically active substances, developed in the middle of the 20th century, need adjustment and adaptation to modern conditions both to increase the activity of substances and for greater economic efficiency. The aim of the research is the comparison of dynamics of biologically active compounds extraction from porcines pancreas in two methods: the saline method based on 0.9% sodium chloride solution, and the acidic method based on 2.4% trichloroacetic acid solution. Also the purpose of research is to assess the possibilities for further optimization of technologies. The total protein concentration based on the biuret reaction in the samples taken during the extraction, as well as the calculation and analysis of the point degrees and rates of extraction are chosen as the controlled parameters. Local maxima of the protein yields into the extractant media at the 60th, 135th and 255th minute were recorded during saline extraction; and at the 75th and 135th minute during acid extraction. Also the proteomic profile of the extracts was studied. Wide range of compounds with molecular weight of less than 52 kDa was found in extracts based on physiological saline solution, and protein substances of whole presented range of molecular weights in trichloroacetic acid based extracts were considered. The predominance of low molecular weight protein fraction of interest was noted also in this method of extraction in comparison with the other methods of extraction. According to the UniProt database, we assume availability of probable compounds with a molecular weight of less than 30 kDa in the purified acidic extract. The presence of some proteins absent in the final saline extract was noted. The acidic erythrograms showed a weak degrading effect of both types of extracts on the membranes of rat erythrocytes, as well as the cytoprotective effect of acidic ultrafiltrates (less than 3 kDa). The obtained results prove a better efficiency of trichloroacetic acid extraction method used for obtaining a mixture of a wide range of compounds, including biologically active substances of low molecular weight.
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Chaika, N. B., M. A. Komisarenko, O. M. Koshovyi, A. M. Kovaleva, and N. V. Borodina. "RESEARCH IN THE DYNAMICS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES EXTRACTION FROM THE ARCTOSTAPHYLOS UVA-URSI LEAVES." Fitoterapia 4, no. 4 (2019): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33617/2522-9680-2019-4-64.
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Nilova, L. P., S. M. Malyutenkova, and V. R. Tverskoy. "Dynamics of biologically active compounds and antioxidant activity of coffee during cold extraction at different temperatures." New Technologies 20, no. 4 (2025): 35–44. https://doi.org/10.47370/2072-0920-2024-20-4-35-44.
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Introduction. Cold brewing is a relatively new method of preparing coffee. The goal research was to study the dynamics of biologically active compounds and antioxidant activity during cold extraction of coffee using Arabica coffee sold on the Russian consumer market. The Methods. Extraction was carried out for 24 hours in two versions differing in the temperature of the water for extraction (+20 °C and +4 °C). At different time intervals (5 minutes, 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours) the following were determined in the extracts: spectrophotometrically for caffeine content, the amount of chlorogenic acids, phenolic compounds; antioxidant activity by the coulometric method. The coffee extract brewed in a French press for 5 minutes using the hot method served as a control sample. The Results. The main part of biologically active compounds passed into the extract after 6 and 12 hours when using water at a temperature of +20 °C and +4 °C for extraction, respectively, constituting more than 90 and 95 % of their total amount extracted in 24 hours. At the same time, their antioxidant activity was only 83.89 and 87.45 %. The content of biologically active compounds and the antioxidant activity of the extracts reached or exceeded the control after 24 hours of extraction. In drinks prepared for 6 and 24 hours (water temperature +20 °C) and 12 and 24 hours (water temperature +4 °C), soluble dry substances, pH, titratable acidity, and brown color intensity were additionally determined. At a higher temperature, coffee acquires a bitter taste during 24 hours of extraction, which reduces its organoleptic assessment. The Conclusion. To form optimal organoleptic and antioxidant properties when preparing Arabica coffee using cold brewing method, water at a temperature of +20 °C and +4 °C can be used with an extraction time of 6 and 24 hours, respectively.
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Belokurov, S. S., E. V. Flysyuk, and I. E. Smekhova. "Choice of Extraction Method for Receiving Extraction from Seeds of Payne Hay with the High Content of Biologically Active Substances." Drug development & registration 8, no. 3 (2019): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33380/2305-2066-2019-8-3-35-39.
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Introduction. According to the literature, modern technologies, in particular, extraction in an ultrasonic field, make it possible to obtain concentrates of biologically active substances (BAS) with almost complete preservation of the chemical composition inherent in natural raw materials and high yield of extractive substances. At the same time, the ability to regulate the concentration of recoverable active substances during the technological process opens up prospects for the use of natural components as the main pharmaceutical substance.Aim. The purpose of this study was to select the optimal extraction method for obtaining extracts with a high content of BAS from fenugreek seeds. Materials and methods. Extracts were obtained at a temperature of 60±2 °С, by the method of dynamic maceration using an ultrasonic device. Ultrasonic extraction was performed using an ultrasonic installation I100-6/4. In both cases, purified water and ethanol solutions in various concentrations from 40 to 90% were used as extractants. The ratio of raw materials: extractant was as 1:10 (by weight). A portion of vegetable raw materials (10 g) was placed in a glass and poured 100 cm3 of extractant. Next, maceration or sonication was performed. Maceration was performed with magnetic stirring, the rotation speed was 100 rpm. Extraction was carried out at a temperature of 55–60 °C for 5 hours. Ultrasonic effects on solid plant materials were carried out with an intensity in the range from 17 to 22 kHz for 30–60 minutes.Results and discussion. Studies have allowed to determine the amount of extractives in the seeds of fenugreek hay, and choose the most promising method of extraction to obtain extracts with a high content of biologically active substances. A comparison was made between dynamic maceration and ultrasonic extraction. The most promising was the method of ultrasonic extraction at an oscillation frequency of 22 kHz. For 1 hour of extraction, it was possible to achieve depletion of raw materials. It is established that the content of extractable substances directly proportional depends on the duration of treatment and the frequency of ultrasonic waves. The correlation coefficient was 0.78.Conclusion. Ultrasonic extraction when exposed for 60 minutes allows you to get a greater amount of extractives compared with dynamic maceration. To achieve the same level of extractive substances by the method of dynamic maceration, the raw materials must be processed within 5 hours.
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Anna, Krvavych, and Konechna Roksolana. "Optimization of parameters of the extraction process of biologically active substances of grass Adonis vernalis." Technology audit and production reserves 3, no. 3(59) (2021): 14–18. https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.235471.
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<em>The object of this research is the herb Adonis vernalis and hydroalcoholic extracts obtained on its basis. By the nature of the action, the drugs Adonis vernalis belong to the group of cardiac glycosides and occupy an intermediate place between strophanthin and digitalis. In official medicine, biologically active compounds of Adonis vernalis are included in drugs such as Cardiovalen, Adonis-bromine, Caridiolin and Cardiophyte. In the extemporal formulation, the extract is part of the Bechterew’s medicine. Until recently, scientists have made significant progress in studying the phytochemical and pharmacological action of the herb Adonis vernalis. However, one should not be limited to the use of Adonis vernalis only for stimulating cardiac activity, one should also consider the promising antioxidant effect of flavonoids and phenolic compounds that are contained in this medicinal plant. Also, studies of the extraction conditions of the herb Adonis vernalis are not described in the scientific literature.</em> <em>The study carried out the extraction of the grass Adonis vernalis by various methods (static and dynamic). The type of extract was chosen as the most rational, which provides the maximum yield of extractives (phenolic compounds and cardiac glycosides). For this, the optimal extraction conditions were selected, namely, the particle size, the type of extractant, the value of the hydromodule and the extraction method. Accordingly, the optimal particle diameter for maximum extraction of biologically active substances of the herb Adonis vernalis is 2.5 mm, the optimal extractant is 70 % ethyl alcohol, the ratio of raw materials: extractant is 1:10, the optimal extraction method is maceration with constant stirring. Phytochemical studies of the quantitative composition of the main groups of biologically active substances were carried out using calorimetric and spectrophotometric methods of analysis.</em> <em>As a result of the optimization of the process and its introduction into production on an industrial scale, the value added effect will be achieved. And also a high-quality product has been created that will compete with broad-spectrum drugs already existing on the market.</em>
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Trukhachev, V. I., M. N. Stepantsevich, E. V. Khudyakova, O. A. Motorin, and M. I. Gorbachev. "Analysis of the fisheries industry and the development of its feed supply, taking into account biologically active substances." BIO Web of Conferences 82 (2024): 05027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20248205027.
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The study presents the results of the assessment of the current state of the fisheries complex, the dynamics of extraction (catch) of aquatic biological resources, the state of the feed industry for certain types of feed. The study was conducted on the basis of relevant statistical, scientific, practical, and other materials in the field of activity of the fishery complex. The analysis was carried out in accordance with the key indicators identified. The State Program for the development of the fishery complex of the Russian Federation. A significant place in ensuring the positive dynamics of the development of the fishing industry is given to feed. Indicators of feed production are generally growing for older age and sex fish groups. Nevertheless, for the repair of young animals at the early stages of cultivation, to stimulate vitality and immunity, so-called starter, production and functional feeds containing specific ingredients and probiotics are required - biologically active substances that are not produced enough. As a result, a significant proportion of imported feed remains.
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Krvavych, Anna, and Roksolana Konechna. "Optimization of parameters of the extraction process of biologically active substances of grass Adonis vernalis." Technology audit and production reserves 3, no. 3(59) (2021): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.235471.
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The object of this research is the herb Adonis vernalis and hydroalcoholic extracts obtained on its basis. By the nature of the action, the drugs Adonis vernalis belong to the group of cardiac glycosides and occupy an intermediate place between strophanthin and digitalis. In official medicine, biologically active compounds of Adonis vernalis are included in drugs such as Cardiovalen, Adonis-bromine, Caridiolin and Cardiophyte. In the extemporal formulation, the extract is part of the Bechterew’s medicine. Until recently, scientists have made significant progress in studying the phytochemical and pharmacological action of the herb Adonis vernalis. However, one should not be limited to the use of Adonis vernalis only for stimulating cardiac activity, one should also consider the promising antioxidant effect of flavonoids and phenolic compounds that are contained in this medicinal plant. Also, studies of the extraction conditions of the herb Adonis vernalis are not described in the scientific literature. The study carried out the extraction of the grass Adonis vernalis by various methods (static and dynamic). The type of extract was chosen as the most rational, which provides the maximum yield of extractives (phenolic compounds and cardiac glycosides). For this, the optimal extraction conditions were selected, namely, the particle size, the type of extractant, the value of the hydromodule and the extraction method. Accordingly, the optimal particle diameter for maximum extraction of biologically active substances of the herb Adonis vernalis is 2.5 mm, the optimal extractant is 70 % ethyl alcohol, the ratio of raw materials: extractant is 1:10, the optimal extraction method is maceration with constant stirring. Phytochemical studies of the quantitative composition of the main groups of biologically active substances were carried out using calorimetric and spectrophotometric methods of analysis. As a result of the optimization of the process and its introduction into production on an industrial scale, the value added effect will be achieved. And also a high-quality product has been created that will compete with broad-spectrum drugs already existing on the market.
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Neftullayeva, Asiyat, Sabina Azimova, Yulia Maskurova, et al. "Investigation of the yield of biologically active substances during the ultrasound and electro-discharge extraction of medicinal herbs of the foothills of the North Caucasus." Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 17 (March 22, 2023): 217–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1843.
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Biologically active components are present in plants in small quantities. There are many different extraction methods, which can be used for their extraction. In this scientific work, extracts of three plants (common origanum, peppermint and garden sage) were prepared in three different ways: water extraction, ultrasound extraction and electro-discharge extraction. The dynamics of saturation of extracts with flavonoids, essential oils and organic acids for each case were studied within 48 hours after the experiment's start. The conducted studies have confirmed the effectiveness of electro-discharge extraction in comparison with ultrasound and in comparison with water extraction. Forty-eight hours after the start of the experiment, 7-15% more organic acids, flavonoids and essential oils were observed in extracts of the studied plants obtained after electro-discharge treatment than in water extracts. A similar dynamic can be traced in the assessment of all indicators. At the same time, 80% readiness of extracts in the case of electro-discharge treatment was observed already 30 minutes after the start of the experiment. Similar indicators (80% of the maximum) were achieved after 24 hours of water extraction and after 2 hours with ultrasound treatment. Thus, the electro-discharge treatment allows you to obtain higher-quality and more enriched active substance extracts in a much shorter time. At the same time, electro-discharge treatment has a significant list of disadvantages described in detail in this article.
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Maslov, Oleksandr Yu, Mykola A. Komisarenko, Serhii V. Kolisnyk, Mykola Yu Golik, Yevhen O. Tsapko, and Elshan Yu Akhmedov. "Determination of the extraction frequency of green tea leaves by the antioxidant method." Journal of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry 20, no. 1(77) (2022): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24959/ophcj.22.252320.
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Aim. To determine the optimal extraction frequency of green tea leaves with 60 % ethanol by the antioxidant method.Materials and methods. Chun Myn green tea leaves were the object of the study, the raw material was collected in Anhui province (China) from March to April. Dry green tea leaves were standardized according to the European Pharmacopeia 9.0. Spectrophotometry was used to quantify biologically active substances. The antioxidant activity was determined by the potentiometric method. Potentiometric measurements were performed on a HANNA 2550 pH meter (Germany) with a combined platinum EZDO 50 PO electrode (Taiwan). A UV-1000 spectrophotometer (China) was used to measure the optical density.Results and discussion. The total content of phenolic compounds was 9.60 ± 0.17, 1.30 ± 0.03 and 0.12 ± 0.002 %, catechins – 9.20 ± 0.18, 1.20 ± 0.02 and 0.07 ± 0.002 %, flavonoids – 0.27 ± 0.005, 0.04 ± 0.001, 0.005 ± 0.001, hydroxycinnamic acids – 0.49 ± 0.01, 0.07 ± 0.002 and 0.007 ± 0.001 %, dry residue – 10.75 ± 0.11, 1.59 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.002 %, the antioxidant activity was 474.08 ± 9.48, 67.70 ± 1.35 and 7.01 ± 0.14 mmol-equiv mdry res-1 for the first, second and third extraction, respectively. According to the results obtained, the optimal number of extractions of the raw material with 60 % ethanol was found to be two.Conclusions. The dynamic of extractions of biologically active substances of green tea leaves has been studied by triple extraction of the raw material to find the optimal extraction frequency; for the first time, a method for determining the extraction frequency based on the antioxidant activity of the extracts has been developed and proposed. It has been found that the optimal extraction rate is 2 times. The results obtained will be used in the further production of herbal medicines, dietary supplements, and cosmetic products with a green tea extract.
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Gorlov, Ivan Fiodorovich, Olga Vyacheslavovna Drucker, Vera Vasilievna Kryuchkova, Marina Ivanovna Slozhenkina, Natalya Ivanovna Mosolova, and Olga Andreevna Knyazhechenko. "Physical factors relevant for efficient Hawthorn fruit extraction." Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 13, no. 1 (2019): 651–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1141.
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Today, the healthy nutrition market is one of the most promising market niches; modern consumers increasingly claim fortified products for their diets. One of the ways to increase the biological and physiological value of products is their enrichment with extracts of plant origin. The aim of the work was to study the influence of various factors on the process of hawthorn fruit extraction and determine the optimal parameters of the technological process. The study objects were hawthorn fruit extracts produced by the statistical method of maceration (with stirring). In the extracts obtained, there were determined the quantitative content of tannins and pectin substances, dietary fiber and vitamins. Currently, the global health and wellness food market is steadily growing due to changes in consumer behaviour patterns and developing of healthy self-consciousness. The studies conducted by the authors have shown that extracting of plant materials and the efficiency of biologically active substances extraction are influenced by the following factors: the extractant pH, grinding type and size of raw materials and process parameters. The optimal technological regimes have been established. They are the extraction temperature of 60 °C and extraction time of 30 minutes. The appropriate grinding size of dry hawthorn fruit has been determined to be up to 2.8 mm of a particle. In case of milk being an extractant, a high extraction dynamic of pectic substances and dietary fibers was observed. So, the hawthorn milk extract has been revealed to have higher organoleptic characteristics.
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Krotova, I. V., L. N. Demina, P. A. Zhdanova, and A. U. Nikolaeva. "Extraction products from kind Lonicera vegetative parts usage possibility." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 839, no. 4 (2021): 042040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/839/4/042040.
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Abstract At present time the need of biologically active substances and preservatives as natural extract usage is increasing. Local recourses’ applying, in particular, honeysuckle common growing in the Krasnoyarsk territory is a justified decision. The results of vitamin C keeping dynamics in the separate vegetative parts of wild-growing blue honeysuckle depending on storage conditions are presented. It was shown that ascorbic acid is in 1.4 times higher in freshly picked berries in comparison with leaves. However acid content in berries subjected to deep freezing is decreasing over time and six month later it is only 68% from the original. At the same time vitamin C keeping in the leaves dried to air-dry condition is rather higher and to the end of storage period (6 months) is decreased only to 5.2%. Herewith the total amount of ascorbic acid in the leaves is higher than that in the frozen berries of the investigated plant. Besides that the spectrophotometric research showed the presence in the blue honeysuckle leaves (Lonicera caerulea L.) such classes of biological active compounds as chlorophyll containing derivatives, bioflavonoid complex, carbohydrate components, anthocyans, tanning agents, organic matters and so on. This circumstance suggests great perspectives for the vegetable raw material practical applying.
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Котов, Семен, Элина Котова, Иван Безрук, Татьяна Гонтовая, and Андрей Котов. "THE STUDY OF THE EXTRACTION DYNAMICS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FROM THE BIDENS TRIPARTITA L. HERB AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE OBTAINED EXTRACTS." EUREKA: Health Sciences, no. 6 (November 29, 2020): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5679.2020.001408.
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The interest to study the genus Bidens and in particular Bidens tripartita L. (bur-marigold herb) is unmitigated due to its antioxidant, anti-allergic, antimicrobial, antifungal, hepatoprotective, immunostimulating and hypotensive activity. This pharmacological activities are determined by the presence of flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds, polysaccharides, components of essential oils, polyacetylenes, etc.
 The aim of the research was to study the process of extracting various biologically active substances (polysaccharides, flavonoids, polyphenols) from bur-marigold herb with water-alcohol mixtures of various concentrations, to study their component composition, as well as to evaluate their effect on the oxidative effect of free radicals.
 Materials and methods. The object of the research was the herb of Bidens tripartita L. Raw materials were collected and procured on the territory of Kharkiv, Zhytomyr and Poltava regions of Ukraine. All used methods for the quantitative determination of biologically active substances were pharmacopeial and described in various monographs in the European Pharmacopoeia and State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine.
 Results. The extracts of the bur-marigold herb were analyzed for the content of the extractable matter, flavonoids, polysaccharides and it was found that they are maximally extracted (about 80 %) in the 1st percolate with a drug/solvent ratio of 1:10 for all the extractants. It was found that with an increase of ethanol concentration in the extraction mixture, the content of polyphenols and flavonoids, is expectedly increased, as well as the value of the antioxidant activity of the corresponding extracts, but the amount of extracted polysaccharides is significantly reduced.
 Conclusions. With the selected evaluation criteria, it was found that 40 % ethanol is optimal from the point of view of balanced extraction of flavonoids, polysaccharides and polyphenols. A strong positive and statistically significant correlation was found between the content of polyphenols in the obtained extracts and their antioxidant activity (Pearson correlation coefficient, r=0.9998), slightly weaker for flavonoids (r=0.9886), and an inverse correlation between polysaccharides content and TEAC- value.
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Semen, Kotov, Kotova Elina, Bezruk Ivan, Gontova Tetiana, and Kotov Andrii. "THE STUDY OF THE EXTRACTION DYNAMICS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FROM THE BIDENS TRIPARTITA L. HERB AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THE OBTAINED EXTRACTS." EUREKA: Health Sciences, no. 6 (November 30, 2020): 95–101. https://doi.org/10.21303/2504-5679.2020.001408.
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The interest to study the genus Bidens and in particular <em>Bidens tripartita</em> L. (bur-marigold herb) is unmitigated due to its antioxidant, anti-allergic, antimicrobial, antifungal, hepatoprotective, immunostimulating and hypotensive activity. This pharmacological activities are determined by the presence of flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds, polysaccharides, components of essential oils, polyacetylenes, etc. <strong>The aim of the research </strong>was to study the process of extracting various biologically active substances (polysaccharides, flavonoids, polyphenols) from bur-marigold herb with water-alcohol mixtures of various concentrations, to study their component composition, as well as to evaluate their effect on the oxidative effect of free radicals. <strong>Materials and methods.</strong> The object of the research was the herb of <em>Bidens tripartita </em>L. Raw materials were collected and procured on the territory of Kharkiv, Zhytomyr and Poltava regions of Ukraine. All used methods for the quantitative determination of biologically active substances were pharmacopeial and described in various monographs in the European Pharmacopoeia and State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. <strong>Results. </strong>The extracts of the bur-marigold herb were analyzed for the content of the extractable matter, flavonoids, polysaccharides and it was found that they are maximally extracted (about 80 %) in the 1st percolate with a drug/solvent ratio of 1:10 for all the extractants. It was found that with an increase of ethanol concentration in the extraction mixture, the content of polyphenols and flavonoids, is expectedly increased, as well as the value of the antioxidant activity of the corresponding extracts, but the amount of extracted polysaccharides is significantly reduced. <strong>Conclusions.</strong> With the selected evaluation criteria, it was found that 40 % ethanol is optimal from the point of view of balanced extraction of flavonoids, polysaccharides and polyphenols. A strong positive and statistically significant correlation was found between the content of polyphenols in the obtained extracts and their antioxidant activity (Pearson correlation coefficient, r=0.9998), slightly weaker for flavonoids (r=0.9886), and an inverse correlation between polysaccharides content and TEAC- value.
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Aliev, A. M., G. K. Radjabov, and A. M. Musaev. "Dynamics of supercritical extraction of biological active substances from the Juniperus communis var. saxatillis." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 102 (July 2015): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2015.04.009.
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Nitsievskaya, K. N., S. V. Stankevich, and E. V. Boroday. "Examination of the extract from lichen (<i>Cetraria islandica</i>) after an ultrasonic impact." Food systems 6, no. 2 (2023): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2618-9771-2023-6-2-171-179.
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An integral part of human healthy nutrition is intake of biologically active substances. Extraction is an important stage of isolation of different bioactive substances from plants and effectiveness of their extraction increases with the use of ultrasonic treatment. The aim of this research was to study an effect of different types of aqueous media and treatment methods on Cetraria islandica, including the use of principles of ultrasonic treatment and maceration methods (infusion). The experimental studies consisted in detecting an effect of the active acidity of the aqueous medium (solvent) and method of impact upon extraction on several physicochemical and rheological indicators. The experimental samples of extracts were examined by the following indicators: active acidity and redox potential detected by the ionometric technique; dynamic viscosity and the depth of output of polymeric forms of phenolic substances determined by measuring the optical density and transmission coefficient. Mathematical processing of data using the regression analysis was carried out. The results are presented as graphs, tables and regression equations. It has been established that transfer of substances from Cetraria islandica to its extracts had high results at pH = 7.0 and рН = 9.0 of the solvent. When obtaining extracts by the infusion method, the quantity of polymeric compounds in the transition process was 1.3 times higher than the quantity of monomeric forms of phenolic compounds. The highest value of the dynamic viscosity was revealed in the extract sample obtained by the infusion method in the alkaline medium. The extracts obtained can be used in food system modeling.
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Битюкова, Анна, Anna Bityukova, Александра Амелькина, et al. "New Biotechnology for the Production of Phytocompounds from Secondary Products of Grain Processing." Food Processing: Techniques and Technology 49, no. 1 (2019): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2019-1-5-13.
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The present research features a new biotechnological approach for complex processing of secondary cereal products. The approach makes it possible to obtain new functional foods and ingredients, such as carbohydrate-protein concentrate, dietary fiber concentrates, biologically active substances, polyphenols, and xylo-oligosaccharides. The complex biotechnology involves oat bran biotransformation and includes chemical, hydrothermal, and enzymatic methods of extraction, which allows manufacturers to obtain functional ingredients with antioxidant and prebiotic properties. The concentrates obtained as a result of the study contained a significant amount of protein, hydrolysis products of polysaccharides (glucose, maltodextrins), and free polyphenols. The experiment produced concentrates of biologically active substances containing xylo-oligosaccharides and phenolic compounds. The content of polyphenols was 67% of the total amount in oat bran, protein – 6.9%, carbohydrates – 80.7% xylo-oligosaccharides whith prebiotic properties 35.3%–71.5%, and ash 11.3%. The obtained data indicated a high antioxidant activity of polyphenol extracts. The differences in antioxidant activity between various methods of extraction are associated primarily with the completeness of extraction and the stability of the extracted phenolic compounds. Ultrasonic treatment proved beneficial for the extraction kinetics and the polyphenol yield at the initial stage, with an increase in antioxidant properties. As for the antioxidant activity of polyphenol concentrate during storage, the research did not reveal changes for 8 months at a temperature of 20 ± 1°C and a relative humidity of 70 ± 5%. The study of the growth dynamics of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifi obacterium bifi um in media containing xylo-oligosaccharide concentrate confirmed the presence of prebiotic properties and their selectivity. The accumulation of biomass of prebiotic cultures occurred faster with the use of nutrient media with the use of xylo-oligosaccharide concentrate and lactulose, as compared with milk. Thus, the research confirmed the feasibility of biotechnology for transforming oat bran into functional ingredients, which makes it possible to use them in new technological solutions for products with bifidogenic properties.
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Shmalko, О. О., and V. K. Iakovenko. "Substantiation of the composition and technology of obtaining a dry extract of complex action in the laboratory conditions." News of Pharmacy 106, no. 2 (2023): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24959/nphj.23.124.
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Aim. To substantiate the composition and extraction parameters of a multicomponent species for obtaining a dry extract of complex action. Materials and methods. The study objects were the medicinal plant raw material, extractant and parameters of the extraction process. Information-search, information-analytical, organoleptic, physicochemical and pharmacotechnological research methods were used. The statistical processing of the data obtained was performed using Microsoft Excel 2007 spreadsheets. Results and discussion. The study of the extraction conditions consisted in determining the optimal DER indicator by evaluating the nature of changes in the content of a dry residue, extractive substances in each separately collected sample of a liquid extract, as well as the concentration of groups of biologically active substances (BAS) in individual and total portions of extracts. The results obtained for the content of a dry residue and BAS show characteristic changes depending on the raw material : extract ratio. When the ratio increases from 1 : 1 to 1 : 15, there is a gradual decrease in the content of a dry residue in individual portions of the extract, the dynamics of the decrease in the concentration of individual groups of BAS (phenolic carboxylic acids, flavonoids, polysaccharides) is also unambiguous, but does not always correlate with changes in the content of extractive substances. Taking into account the results obtained, the extraction of the phytocomposition with 20 % ethanol at a DER ratio of 1 : 10 ensures an efficient and rational extraction in view of the content of BAS marker groups. Conclusions. As a result of the work carried out, a dry extract has been obtained by the method of filtration extraction. The extraction process is carried out in laboratory conditions: the weight of the loaded raw material – 100.0 g; extractant – 20 % ethanol; extraction rate – 2-3 mL/min; the raw material : extractant ratio (DER) – 1:10. The yield of extractive substances is 26.68 %, the content of phenolic acids is 1.05 %, flavonoids – 0.25 %, polysaccharides – 1.01 %.
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Ushakova, Nina A., Efim S. Brodsky, Olga V. Tikhonova, et al. "Novel Extract from Beetle Ulomoides dermestoides: A Study of Composition and Antioxidant Activity." Antioxidants 10, no. 7 (2021): 1055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10071055.
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A biologically active extract from the darkling beetle Ulomoides dermestoides was obtained using the electro-pulse plasma dynamic extraction method. The beetle water extract contained a complex of antioxidant substances such as antioxidant enzymes and nonprotein antioxidants, as well as a complex of heat shock antistress proteins. This determines the rather high antioxidant activity of the aqueous extract of the beetle, i.e., 1 mg of dry matter/mL of the extract has an equivalent antioxidant activity to 0.2 mM Trolox (a water-soluble analog of vitamin E). It was shown that the beetle extract can lead to a 25–30% increase in the average lifespan of nematode Caenorhabditiselegans, under normal conditions, and a 12–17% increase under conditions of oxidative stress (with paraquat), and significantly inhibits the fructosylation reaction of serum albumin. Therefore, the beetle aqueous extract shows promise as a biologically active complex exhibiting antioxidant activity.
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Vdovina, Galina Ilyinichna, Larisa Viktorovna Pavlova, Igor Artemyevich Platonov, and Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kurkin. "A STUDY OF SUBCRITICAL WATER AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF ROSEMARY LEAVES (ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS L.) BY GC-MS." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 2 (June 17, 2024): 320–28. https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240213180.
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Extraction of biologically active substances from the leaves of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is carried out by solutions of ethanol in water with 95, 70, 50, 10% ethanol concentration by maceration, as well as by boiling under reflux using hot water and subcritical water at the temperature 130, 150 °С and a pressure of 5±0.1 MPa in dynamic mode. The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection by direct injection, as well as after derivatization with N,O-bistrimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide. About 100 components have been identified in rosemary leaf extracts, phenolic compounds and carboxylic acids are dominant. The main volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are terpenoids: α-terpineol, borneol, camphor, α-pinene, β-pinene, myrcene, aromatic compounds: p-vinyl guaiacol, cymene. The dominant non-volatile components of all extracts include phenolcarboxylic acids: rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, benzoic acid, carboxylic acids: malonic acid, caproic acid, glutaric acid, palmitic acid, and carbohydrates: raffinose, D-mannopyranose, D-fructose. As the temperature of the dynamic water extraction process increases, the extraction efficiency of non-volatile components increases. In terms of the number of extracted compounds, the efficiency of extraction with subcritical water is comparable to extraction with 95% ethanol concentration by the maceration method.
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Shishkina, Lyudmila Nikolayevna, Aleksandr Sergeyevich Dubovik, Aleksandra Nikolayevna Smirnova, and Vyacheslav Olegovich Shvydkii. "PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND COMPOSITION OF LIPID COMPONENT FROM WINTER GARLIC BULBS (ALLIUM SATIVUM L.)." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 1 (March 13, 2023): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230111334.
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The lipid composition, presence of the biologically active substances and ability of lipids to the spontaneous aggregation in the water medium of the winter garlic (Allium sativum L.) was studied by TLC, UV-spectrometry with the Gauss mathematic analysis of spectra and dynamic light scattering methods It is shown that share of the more easily oxidizable fractions in the garlic phospholipids is 2.45 times greater than that for the more poorly oxidizable fractions. Mathematic analysis of the UV-spectra of the lipids solution in chloroform revealed the presence of compounds with a conjugated couple bonds and ketodienes and confirmed the literature data about absence of flavonoids. The hydrophilic biologically active compounds are found in a polar phase during extraction of lipids. Analysis of UV-spectrum of 20-hydroxyekdizone in chloroform which is detected in the garlic lipids was done. It was determined the substantial maximum absorption band shift of sterols in UV-spectra of the garlic lipids testifies to their participation with sphigolipids in the raft formation that is due to form of particles with the average diameters 160 nm and the low absolute value of ξ-potential from the garlic lipids in the water medium.
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Krunic, Nebojsa, Ljubisa Nikolic, Milena Kostic, Stevo Najman, Vesna Nikolic, and Jelena Najdanovic. "In vitro examination of oral tissue conditioners potential toxicity." Chemical Industry 65, no. 6 (2011): 697–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind110627056k.
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The oral tissue conditioners are applied temporarily to the gingival surface of a denture for the purpose of reconditioning the abused denture supporting tissues, allowing them to return to a normal, healthy state. According to chemical composition they can be classified into methacrylic and silicon conditioners. The objective of this research was to examine the potential toxicity of one, seven and thirty day extracts of different concentrations. Different effective concentrations (5, 12.5, 25 and 50%) of two silicone and four methacrylic conditioners extracts were used after extraction period of one, seven and thirty days. Amount of toxic substances and dynamics of their release were monitored by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). HPLC analysis could not be applied to the silicone conditioners because they consist of polymeric and inorganic 19 substances. Evaluation of cell proliferation, as cytotoxic parameters, was done by Mosmann?s MTT assay based on reduction of yellow tetrazole (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide - MTT) to purple formazan by mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase of metabolic active cells. With increasing of extraction period, the amount of released potential toxic substances increased. The cytotoxicity of tested materials significantly increased with extract concentration increase and duration of extraction period. To improve the biological characteristics of mobile dentures relined by soft materials, soaking in water the day before insertion into patient?s mouth was recommended. Silicone conditioners showed less cytotoxicity compared to the methacrylic conditioners, so they are more appropriate for daily dental practice.
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Лукашов (Lukashou), Роман (Roman) Игоревич (Igorevich). "INFLUENCE OF THE NATURE AND CONCENTRATION OF EXTRACTANTS ON THE EXTRACTION OF FLAVO-NOIDS FROM THE CANADIAN GOLDENROD GRASS." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 4 (December 11, 2018): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2018043863.
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The paper presents the results of the study of influence of nature (in particular, dielectric constant and dynamic viscosity) and the concentration of the following extractants: methanol, ethanol, propanol, acetone, dimethylsulfoxide, ethyl acetate, propanol-2, butanol, butanol-2 for the extraction of flavonoids from Canadian goldenrod grass. The content of flavonoids in extracts prepared from the Canadian goldenrod grass was statistically significant (p<0.05) depending on the nature and concentration of the extractants used to prepare them. The most critical factor influencing on the extraction of this group of biologically active substances was the dynamic viscosity of the extractant. It was found that aqueous solutions of extractants have a greater extractive capacity than the corresponding absolute extractants. The maximum amount of flavonoids was extracted with use 80% methanol, 60% ethanol, 40% propanol, 60% acetone and 80% dimethylsulfoxide. From two to seven flavonoids were detected using the high-performance liquid chromatography method in the prepared extracts. The manner of the extraction of the flavonoids sum was predominantly determined by the dominant glycoside – isoquercitrin. Considering the better reproducibility of the extraction of the flavonoids sum, the wide application of ethanol and its aqueous solutions as extractants, the attribution of this extractant to low-toxic solvents and a greater extractive capacity for other classes of phenolic compounds (in particular, hydroxycinnamic acids), 60% ethanol is recommended to use for extraction of flavonoids from the Canadian goldenrod grass.
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Muslimov, Nurzhan, Nazym Alzhaxina, Aigul Timurbekova, Askhat Dalabayev, Aigerim Tuyakova, and Abilkhan Sadibaev. "Economic aspects of hydrodynamic extraction in the production of extracts from sprouted grain of cereals." Economic Annals-ХХI 203, no. 5-6 (2023): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21003/ea.v203-05.
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Introduction. This study delves into the creation of functional beverages via nutrient extraction from sprouted grain raw materials, focusing on the extraction of biologically active compounds. The significance of the extraction method on the efficacy of bioactive compound extraction is a pivotal scientific fact, with hydrodynamic extraction previously studied under high-frequency currents. This research explores hydrodynamic extraction of sprouted grains of cereal crops using an experimental setup. Materials and Methods. The study utilized hydrodynamic extraction, a prevalent method encompassing infusion, mixing, filtering (with or without filtration) through membranes, and counter-current mass exchange between raw materials and extractants. Hydrodynamic extraction was chosen for its ability to intensify the process, reduce extraction time, increase the yield of extracted substances, and lower energy consumption. The experiment determined the extract yield from sprouted grains of cereal crops using this method. A rotatable second-order plan (Box plan) was employed for regression equation development, incorporating over 20 experiments and 10 equation coefficients. Results. The experiments established two factors influencing the extraction process’s effectiveness: extraction duration (t, min) and sprouted grain concentration (C, %). These factors impacted the optimization criteria - extract yield. The research outcomes are presented in detailed tables and diagrams, providing a comprehensive understanding of the process dynamics and optimization for maximum extract yield from various grains. Scientific Novelty. The study introduces a new perspective in the field of hydrodynamic extraction, emphasizing the impact of specific variables like extraction time and grain concentration on the yield and quality of extracts from sprouted cereal grains. The mathematical processing of data and the regression equations formulated offer a novel approach to understanding and optimizing the hydrodynamic extraction process. Practical Significance. The research findings are crucial for the economic sector, particularly in the production of functional beverages. Understanding the variables that influence the extraction process can lead to more efficient production methods, enhancing the quality and nutritional value of the beverages. The cost analysis has been undertaken and economic effect of proposed variants of production were calculated and compared. The study’s insights into the biochemical composition of extracts, especially from sprouted triticale, reveal their potential as valuable ingredients in the beverage industry, enriched with polyphenols, flavonoids, organic acids, and vitamins. This knowledge can guide economic strategies in functional beverage production, emphasizing cost-effectiveness and resource optimization.
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Кантуреева, А. М., М. М. Мухамеджанова, and Г. О. Устенова. "DETERMINATION OF PHARMACO-TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF RAW MATERIALS OF CERATOCARPUS ARENARIUS L." Farmaciâ Kazahstana, no. 5 (November 28, 2022): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.53511/pharmkaz.2022.81.56.022.
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Поиск новых растительных источников биологически активных веществ среди дикорастущих видов флоры Казахстана, широко используемых в народной медицине, является одной из важных задач современной фармацевтической науки и практики. Инновационные технологии, новые подходы к созданию лекарственных препаратов, сочетание классических технологических приемов с новейшими тенденциями делает фармацевтическое производство направлением с позитивной динамикой развития. Но наряду с появлением новых синтетических препаратов, а также биотехнологической продукции остается актуальным использование растительного сырья для получения лекарственных средств. Одним из основных этапов является изучение технологических параметров сырья, которые дают возможность оптимизировать технологию, а определение суммы экстрактивных веществ позволяет осуществить подбор параметров экстрагирования и является одним из критериев качества сырья, согласно требованиям фармакопей. В статье представлены результаты исследования по определению технологических параметров (удельная масса, насыпная масса, объемная масса, пористость, порозность, свободный объем слоя сырья и коэффициент поглощения растворителей) сырья в виде рогача песчаного Сeratocarpus arenarius L. Сравнительное изучение зависимости выхода экстрактивных веществ от степени измельчения сырья показало оптимальность размера 3 -5 мм. Полученные данные позволяют прогнозировать оптимальный способ экстрагирования и выбор подходящего экстрагента, тем самым повышая эффективность технологии экстрагирования. Результаты исследования будут использованы в разработке технологии производтсва лекарственного растительного сырья и составлении нормативных документов. The search for new plant sources of biologically active substances among the wild flora species of Kazakhstan, widely used in folk medicine, is one of the important tasks of modern pharmaceutical science and practice. Innovative technologies, new approaches to the creation of medicines, the combination of classical technological techniques with the latest trends makes pharmaceutical production a direction with positive dynamics of development. But along with the appearance of new synthetic drugs, as well as biotechnological products, the use of plant raw materials for the production of medicines remains relevant. One of the main stages is the study of the technological parameters of raw materials, which make it possible to optimize the technology, and the determination of the amount of extractive substances allows the selection of extraction parameters and is one of the criteria for the quality of raw materials, according to the requirements of pharmacopoeias. The article presents the results of a study to determine the technological parameters (specific gravity, bulk mass, volume mass, porosity, fenestration, free volume of the raw material layer and solvent absorption coefficient) of raw materials in the form of a sand horn of Ceratocarpus arenarius L. A comparative study of the dependence of the yield of extractive substances on the degree of grinding of raw materials showed the optimal size of 3 -5 mm. The obtained data allow us to predict the optimal extraction method and the choice of a suitable extractant, thereby increasing the efficiency of the extraction technology. The results of the study will be used in the development of technology for the production of medicinal plant raw materials and the preparation of regulatory documents.
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Zakłos-Szyda, Pawlik, Polka, Nowak, Koziołkiewicz, and Podsędek. "Viburnum opulus Fruit Phenolic Compounds as Cytoprotective Agents Able to Decrease Free Fatty Acids and Glucose Uptake by Caco-2 Cells." Antioxidants 8, no. 8 (2019): 262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8080262.
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In recent years, there has been increasing interest in studying food-originated phytocompounds with beneficial influences for humans. Amongst the most active natural substances are polyphenols, for which high content has been identified in the Viburnum opulus berry, and which are unused in Western Europe. Due to its strong antioxidant activity we explored the potential of V. opulus as a preventive agent against diet-related chronic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Among the causes of these ailments is oxidative stress, as well as impaired glucose and free fatty acids (FFA) uptake. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine biological activity of V. opulus phenolic extracts as cytoprotective agents able to decrease induced oxidative stress, lower lipid accumulation and attenuate glucose and FFA uptake by Caco-2 cells via GLUT2 and CD36/FAT transporters. To determine the source of the most biologically active phenolic compounds, we obtained four phenolic compounds extracts as crude juice, phenolics isolated from juice and two preparations of phenolics obtained with different extraction agents from fruit pomace. Among the studied extracts, the phenolic rich fraction obtained from fruit juice revealed the strongest activity to decrease uptake of glucose, FFA and accumulation of lipid droplets in Caco-2 cells without affecting their viability (IC0 50 μg/mL). Observed uptake attenuation was followed by decrease of the CD36/FAT gene expression, without influence on the GLUT2 and PPARα levels. We suspect that V. opulus phenolics were able to modulate the cellular membrane dynamic, although that hypothesis requires further, more detailed studies. Extracts revealed strong chemo-preventive activity against oxidative stress induced chemically by tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BOOH), as well as against DNA damage through the induction of DNA repair after cell exposition to methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and H2O2. Our findings suggest Viburnum opulus fruit as a dietary source of phytocompounds, which could be considered as a tailored design food supplement components for the prevention and treatment of postprandial elevation of glucose and fatty acids through delaying the rate of glucose and fatty acid absorption by intestinal cells.
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Fäldt, Jenny, Mikael Eriksson, Irena Valterová, and Anna-Karin Borg-Karlson. "Comparison of Headspace Techniques for Sampling Volatile Natural Products in a Dynamic System." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 55, no. 3-4 (2000): 180–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2000-3-408.
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Abstract Commonly used dynamic sorption techniques for collecting biologically active volatile compounds have been compared. Solid phase microextraction (SPME) using two types of fibers (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS, 100 μm, and carbowax/divinylbenzene, CW/DVB, 65 μm) was compared to purge and trap methods (Porapak Q, Tenax TA and charcoal) and a technique based on absorption in methanol in a cooling bath. Sampling was done in a stream of purified air (20 ml/min) in a closed and temperature-regulated (27 °C) glass tube, passing over a capillary tube containing a hexane solution of tridecane, heptadecane, 1-octen-3-ol, 1- hexadecanol, ethyl tetradecanoate, α-pinene, linalool, terpinen-4-ol, cis-verbenol, verbenone, β-caryophyllene, E,E-farnesol, and geranylgeraniol. With all of the methods, the sampling was performed for a period of 30 min before extraction and analysis was done on a GC-FID system. In general, SPME gave a higher response for all compounds except for a-pinene, which was only extracted by the CW/DVB fiber. Purge and trap methods and methanol absorption gave the same response for all substances extracted. None of the methods extracted hexadecanol and geranylgeraniol under the conditions used. However, the SPME equipped with the PDMS coating extracted heptadecane, E,E-farnesol and ethyl tetradecanoate. Our results show that SPME, when selecting the fibers to fit the polarity and volatility of the compounds, is an outstanding extraction method compared to purge and trap and methanol absorption, especially for a qualitative analysis. The best conditions for storing fibers exposed to compounds of high volatility were at low temperatures (6 °C) in sealed vials, while the worst way was to leave the exposed fiber unprotected at room temperature (22 °C). The dynamic sampling system was effectively tested on a fruiting body of a polypore fungus ( Ganoderma applanatum) emitting 1-octen-3-ol, and again SPME showed to be the most sensitive technique.
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Yaromiy, Maryana, Nataliia Bevz, Olha Mykhailenko, Volodymyr Kovalov, Nataliia Polovko, and Yana Marchenko. "Development of the composition of aqueous extract of lespedeza bicolor and gel with extract and mangiferin." ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, no. 1 (53) (February 28, 2025): 4–13. https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2025.322720.
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The aim of the work: research on the development and standardization of an aqueous extract of the aerial part of Lespedeza bicolor and the study of pharmacotechnological parameters of a gel with the extract and mangiferin. Materials and methods: in the studies on obtaining an aqueous extract, the aerial part of Lespedeza bicolor, harvested in the Botanical Garden of the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (Lviv, Ukraine) in the flowering phase, was used. Identification and quantitative content of biologically active compounds in the experimental samples of the extracts were carried out by chemical reactions, thin-layer chromatography and absorption spectrophotometry. The results obtained were used to standardize the selected aqueous extract of Lespedeza (AEL). In the development of the gel, AEL, mangiferin (China, X’ian Pincredit Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. QC004) and excipients of domestic and foreign production were used. The studies used physicochemical (pH value) and pharmacotechnological research methods (thermo- and colloidal stability, dispersion analysis, dialysis method through a semipermeable membrane). Results. The conditions for obtaining AEL were experimentally substantiated. It was shown that the use of three-stage remaceration with infusion for 60 minutes at a temperature of 90-100 ºC ensures maximum extraction of polyphenolic compounds. The TLC method identified the presence of rutin, quercetin, chlorogenic and caffeic acids, tannins and substances of polysaccharide structure in the extract. Methods for quantitative determination of polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids by absorption spectrophotometry were developed. Based on the results of microscopic analysis, study of the osmotic activity of the base and the dynamics of mangiferin release, the composition of a dermatological gel was proposed, containing AEL, mangiferin, PEO-400, ethanol 96 %, corn oil, tween 80, carbopol, trometamol, purified water. Conclusions. The conditions for obtaining and standardizing the aqueous extract of Lespedeza bicolor were substantiated. The composition of the gel with mangiferin and AEL was proposed. It was shown that the introduction of 20 % PEO-400, 10 % ethanol 96 % and 1 % tween-80 into the gel base ensures its absorption capacity and increases the rate of mangiferin release
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Tomtosova, E. V., E. K. Rumyantsev, V. M. Nikolaev, and N. K. Chirikova. "In-vitro evaluation of the antioxidant activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts of VACCINIUM VITIS-IDAEAE L." YAKUT MEDICAL JOURNAL 85, no. 1 (2024): 24–26. https://doi.org/10.25789/ymj.2024.85.06.
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Biologically active substances in lingonberry leaves (Vaccinium vitis-idaeae L.) have antioxidant properties. This study selected the optimal extraction method to obtain extracts with a high content of biologically active components with antioxidant activity from the leaves of Vaccinium vitis-idaeae growing in Yakutia. The data obtained allow us to conclude that biologically active substances isolated by alcoholic extraction from the leaves of Vaccinium vitis-idaeae can be used in medicine to find approaches to regulating pro-oxidant processes in the human body under various pathological conditions. Keywords: lingonberry, biologically active substances, gravimetric method, model system.
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Tsvetov, Nikita Sergeyevich, Anna Viktorovna Korovkina, and Oksana Ivanovna Paukshta. "EXTRACTION OF FLAVONOIDS FROM KOENIGIA WEYRICHII USING DEEP EUTECTIC MIXTURE OF CHOLINE CHLORIDE + GLYCERINE." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 4 (December 14, 2021): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2021049530.
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Koenigia Weyrichii (F. Schmidt) T.M. Schust. et Reveal, which grows on the Kola Peninsula, contains a significant amount of flavonoids in the aerial parts of the plant, rapidly builds up biomass, and is resistant to various climatic conditions. This makes K. Weyrichii a promising source of biologically active substances (BAS) in the Arctic zone. A relatively new method for extracting biologically active substances from plants is the use of deep eutectic solvents (DES), for example, a mixture of choline chloride with glycerol, which has shown high efficiency in the extraction of flavonoids from other plants. Previously, DES was not used for the extraction of biologically active substances from K. Weyrichii. The aim of this work is to evaluate the efficiency of ultrasonic extraction using traditional solvents (water, ethanol) and DES choline chloride + glycerol and to optimize the extraction conditions. Comparison of the total content of polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidative, and antiradical activity in various extracts is carried out. It was found that the most favorable conditions for extraction are: water content in DES – 17.5 wt%, temperature – 65 °C, and time – 3 hours. At the same time, under identical extraction conditions (temperature and time), more target substances can be extracted with 60% ethanol than with DES. However, DES can be seen as an alternative to using ethanol. The data obtained can be useful for the further development of innovative technologies of the extraction of biologically active substances from plant material. Also, K. Weyrichii may be considered as a source of biologically active substances in cosmetics and the food industry.
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Kozlova, Oksana, Natalia Velichkovich, Elizaveta Faskhutdinova, Olga Neverova, and Andrey Petrov. "Methods for Extracting Immune-Response Modulating Agents of Plant Origin." Food Processing: Techniques and Technology 53, no. 4 (2023): 680–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2023-4-2468.
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Numerous adverse factors may violate the human immune system and trigger various diseases. Immune-response modulating agents, or immunomodulators, help the immune system to function properly. Biologically active substances extracted from medicinal plants are especially promising in this respect. The article reviews traditional and novel methods for extracting biologically active immune-response modulating agents from plant raw materials.
 The review covered articles published in English and Russian in 2019–2023 and indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, and eLIBRARY. 
 Extraction efficiency depends on such factors as solvent, temperature, and particle size, but the method is the most important one. Traditional extraction methods include percolation, maceration, Soxhlet extraction, heat reflux extraction, and decoction. However, they are solvent-consuming and expensive. Modern extraction methods rely on carbon dioxide, microwave treatment, ultrasonic processing, and pressure. They proved quite efficient in extracting biologically active substances from ginseng (Panax ginseng). Carbon dioxide, or supercritical, extraction was able to isolate polyphenol quercetin from quince fruit (Cydonia oblonga) and other biologically active substances from alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Maceration with methanol was applied to meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) while Soxhlet extraction proved especially effective with smoke tree (Cotinus coggygria), moorland spotted orchid (Dactylorhiza maculata), and greater butterfly-orchid (Platanthera chlorantha).
 Both traditional and novel extraction methods find their application in medicine and food science, where they yield plant extracts of biologically active immune-response modulating agents.
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Kazeev, I. V., I. I. Khudeev, and O. A. Bocharova. "SUPERCRITICAL EXTRACTION FOR THE ISOLATION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES." http://eng.biomos.ru/conference/articles.htm 1, no. 19 (2021): 185–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37747/2312-640x-2021-19-185-187.
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The paper presents the developing direction of supercritical extraction (SCE), which opens up new prospects for the extraction of biologically active substances from plant raw materials. Research is underway to obtain active biological substances for the treatment of socially significant diseases.
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Semushkin, Denis, Bulat Ziganshin, Nikolay Semushkin, Sergey Alatyrev, and Ivan Maksimov. "CLASSIFICATION OF EXTRACTION PROCESSES BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FROM PLANT RAW MATERIALS." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 18, no. 2 (2023): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2073-0462-2023-108-116.
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The article considers the processes of extraction of biologically active substances from plant materials, classifications are given. Methods for activating the extraction process have been identified, which make it possible to carry out work to improve the technological process of extraction and improve the design of installations for obtaining plant extracts. An extended classification of processes for the extraction of biologically active substances from plant materials has been proposed. Ways of activation of extraction processes are revealed. Classification of extraction preparations for plant materials can be carried out on the basis of various extraction systems and production technologies. The following classification schemes for the technological process of extraction are compiled and presented in the article: a schematic representation of extraction as a physical and chemical process; graphical representation of the extraction process; features of extraction of biologically active substances from raw materials with a cellular structure; stages of the extraction process; types of diffusion of biologically active substances from the internal structures of the material into the extractant; factors determining the efficiency of the extraction process; classification of extraction preparations from plant materials according to the production technology, taking into account extraction systems; parameters characterizing the extraction process; methods for determining the distribution coefficient of a substance in a plant extract; ways to activate the extraction process. Each type of extraction has its own advantages and disadvantages, and can be more or less effective depending on the type of plant material and the purpose of using the extract. Therefore, the choice of an extraction system should be based on a thorough analysis of the properties of plant materials and the requirements for the final product. Thus, the identified methods for activating the extraction process make it possible to carry out work to improve the technological process of extraction and the design of installations for obtaining plant extracts.
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Zhmyrko, T. G., T. K. Novikova, and A. M. Stikhova. "Extraction of biologically active substances from grape processing waste." BIO Web of Conferences 103 (2024): 00044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202410300044.
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For sustainable management of natural resources and effective integrated use of the raw materials, it is necessary to introduce into production innovative developments for the effective extraction of valuable substances from production waste. Waste recycling is crucial to reduce the negative impact on the environment, minimize waste and increase the efficiency of using raw materials. The paper addresses the problem of environmental pollution by grape processing waste. The results of chemical analysis of CO2 and alcohol extracts from grape processing waste, including grape pomace, are presented. For the study, samples of carbon dioxide extract from white and red grape pomace were isolated. In carbon dioxide extracts, indicators of oxidative spoilage, mass fraction of unsaponifiable substances and fatty acid composition were determined. It is shown that for the most efficient extraction of biologically active substances from grape pomace, a two-stage extraction should be carried out: CO2 extraction and extraction with an alcohol solution. The experimental results indicate that the secondary extraction from grape pomace and its individual components with liquefied carbon dioxide results in the formation of easily decomposable waste and extraction of a lipid fraction containing valuable substances that can be used in the food and cosmetic industries. The results obtained show that the use of a 70% alcohol solution is technologically substantiated for obtaining extracts from grape pomace with a highest content of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and tannins.
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Sukmanov, Valeri, Anatoliy Ukrainets, Volodymyr Zavialov, and Andrii Marynin. "ESTABLISHING THE EQUIPMENT-METHODICAL SUPPORT FOR DETERMINING THE PROPERTIES OF EXTRACTS OF GRAPE POMACE EXTRACTS PRODUCED IN THE SUBCREATIVE WATER ENVIRONMENT." EUREKA: Life Sciences 5 (September 29, 2017): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2017.00434.
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Research objective: development of a high-pressure reactor for researching the process of extraction of grape pomace by the subcritical water and determining the parameters, providing the maximum yield of various target products – biologically active substances; formation of methodological support for raw material preparation, qualitative and quantitative analysis of extracts, produced by the subcritical extraction. As a result of simulation in the ANSYS system of the stress-strain state of the walls of the reactor chamber and a set of calculation operations, a high-pressure reactor was created that meets the requirements. The formed methodical complex for determining the physicochemical properties of extracts and the content of various biologically active substances included methods for preparing samples and determining the yield of dry extractive substances, evaluation of extraction of polyphenols (tannic-catechol complex), evaluation of extraction of reducing substances, identification furfural and gallic acids, estimation of free organic acids in terms of tartaric acid, evaluation of antioxidant activity of extracts). This methodological complex allows us to estimate the physico-chemical properties of the extracted biologically active substances.
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Fabritskaya, A. A., S. O. Semenikhin, V. O. Gorodetsky, N. I. Kotlyarevskaya, and E. P. Victorova. "Modern research on the extraction of biologically active substances from plant raw materials using enzymes." New Technologies 17, no. 2 (2021): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.47370/2072-0920-2021-17-2-56-66.
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The article overviews modern studies of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of extraction of biologically active substances from plant materials using enzymes. Extraction of biologically active substances using enzymes allows for controlled biotransformation of plant materials due to the precise specificity and selectivity of enzymes, which creates mild conditions that ensure the preservation of biologically active substances. It has been noted that the quality of the extractant used has a significant effect on the efficiency of the extraction process. Thus, raw materials treated with a combination of an electrolyte and an enzyme are extracted more efficiently by reducing the mass transfer barrier. The main advantage of using supercritical fluids as an extractant is a decrease in temperature or pressure that leads to the precipitation of the extractable substance. One of the main disadvantages of the process of extracting biologically active substances from plant materials using enzymes is their high cost. To eliminate this disadvantage, the following intensification methods are used: ultrasonic treatment, high pressure treatment and microwave treat- ment. The most promising methods for intensifying the process of extracting biologically active substances from plant materials using enzymes are methods of ultrasonic and microwave treatment. Ultrasonic treatment under optimal conditions allows increasing the activity of enzymes, and microwave treatment provides more efficient penetration of the extractant into the tissues of plant material, due to the destruction of cell walls.
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Kozlova, Svetlana Vladimirovna, and Nikita Sergeevich Tsvetov. "OPTIMIZATION OF THE CONDITIONS OF ULTRASONIC EXTRACTION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM THE LEAVES OF HERACULUM SOSNOWSKYI MANDEN. USING WATER-ETHANOL MIXTURES." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 4 (November 20, 2024): 213–23. https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240413600.
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The ever-increasing needs of society for biologically active substances (BAS) of plant origin determine the search for promising sources of their production. Biologically active substances of plant origin have medicinal properties, which is associated with their great physiological activity. BAS are analogues of synthetic drugs and are used in the pharmacological industry. The accumulation of biologically active substances in plants under extreme conditions established in many works justifies their study in northern conditions. Sosnovsky's hogweed (Heracléum sosnówskyi Manden.) is a large herbaceous plant that contains a large complex of biologically active substances. Despite the fact that it is on the list of weeds and dangerous plants, some of its metabolites can still find application in the development of new medical and veterinary drugs against vitiligo, nested baldness, baldness, psoriasis, as well as having antimicrobial and fungicidal properties. At the same time, at present, the features of the metabolism of hogweed in the conditions of the Far North have not been studied enough. To accumulate data on the study of these features, it is necessary to select suitable methods and parameters for the extraction of biologically active substances and optimal conditions for screening the analysis of various groups of biologically active substances in the organs of hogweed for a quick and accurate assessment of their content. The aim of the study was to select the optimal conditions for hydroalcoholic ultrasonic extraction of polyphenolic compounds, flavanoids and antioxidant activity from the leaves of Sosnovsky's hogweed, which grows in the conditions of the Murmansk region. Using one-way optimization, it was found that the optimal extraction time was 90 minutes, the ethanol concentration was 80%, and the ultrasound power was 100%. Using the Box-Behnken algorithm, the optimal conditions for hydroalcoholic ultrasonic extraction of polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, as well as antioxidant activity from the leaves of Sosnowski's hogweed were selected: temperature – 30 °C, ethanol concentration 80%, raw material to extractant ratio – 1 : 24, time – 90 min, providing the maximum yield of polyphenolic compounds (%), flavonoids (%), antioxidant activity (%). The regression equation was calculated, reflecting the dependence of the yield of polyphenols and flavonoids on the extraction factors.
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Menshutina, N. V., I. V. Kazeev, A. I. Artemiev, I. I. Khudeev, and P. A. Flegontov. "A Study of the Extraction of Biologically Active Substances Using Supercritical Technologies from Plant Raw Materials." Vestnik Tambovskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta 28, no. 1 (2022): 066–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17277/vestnik.2022.01.pp.066-075.
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A method of using supercritical technologies to obtain plant extracts has been experimentally studied. A schematic diagram of an experimental setup for the study of supercritical extraction of biologically active substances from plant materials is presented. The results of an HPLC-MS study of the identification of extracted biologically active substances and their mass yield are presented.
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Selyanina, S. B., V. G. Tatarintseva, I. N. Zubov, N. A. Kutakova, and I. V. Russkih. "Optimization of biologically active substances extraction from high peat." Transaction Kola Science Cetnre 2, no. 11 (2020): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2307-5252.2020.2.8.011.
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Dyshlyuk, Lyubov, Anastasia Dmitrieva, Svetlana Ivanova, Yuliya Golubtsova, and Lev Ostroumov. "Panax ginseng callus, suspension, and root cultures: extraction and qualitative analysis." Foods and Raw Materials 8, no. 2 (2020): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2020-2-369-376.
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Introduction. In recent years, scientists have been actively searching for medicinal plants containing biologically active substances with geroprotective properties to treat diseases of old age, in particular cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and others. Ginseng (Panax ginseng L.) is a promising source of geroprotective compounds. We aimed to select optimal parameters for extracting organic compounds from ginseng callus, suspension, and root cultures and analyze their qualitative composition.
 Study objects and methods. We studied ginseng callus, suspension, and root cultures, as well as their extracts. Biologically active substances were extracted with 30 to 70% ethanol. Organic compounds were determined by thin-layer chromatography. The results for each plant were archived and analyzed for the presence of quercetin, mangiferin, luteolin, rutin, quercetin-2-D-glucoside, malvidin, as well as caffeic, cinnamic, ferulic, and sinapinic acids.
 Results and discussion. We developed a procedure for screening solvents and performed a fractional qualitative analysis of biologically active substances extracted from ginseng. As a result, we established the optimal parameters for extracting biologically
 active substances from the dried biomass of ginseng cultures. In all cases, temperature and the ratio of solvent to biomass were the same (50°C, 1:5). However, the extraction time and ethanol concentration differed, amounting to 60 min and 50% for callus cultures, 30 min and 60% for suspension cultures, and 60 min and 70% for root cultures. The qualitative analysis of organic compounds showed the presence of rutin (0.25), quercetin (0.75), and mangiferin (0.57), as well as caffeic and sinapinic acids in the extracts.
 Conclusion. Our set of experiments to isolate biologically active substances from ginseng callus, suspension, and root cultures resulted in selecting the optimal extraction parameters and analyzing the extracts for the presence of organic compounds.
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Ibadullaуeva, G. S., A. A. Azembaev, and G. S. Nazarov. "QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF FLAVONOIDS IN EXTRACT FROM PLANT RAW MATERIALS OF CAMEL TONE (ALHAGE PSEUDALHAGI)." Biosafety and Biotechnology, no. 16 (September 12, 2024): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.58318/2957-5702-2023-16-48-60.
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This review analyzes the qualitative and quantitative content of biologically active substances in the raw material of camel thorn (Alhage pseudalhagi). During the study, the extract from the plant material Alhage pseudalhagi was obtained with the help of ultrasound. The method of determining the amount of flavonoids, antioxidants and other important biologically active compounds in plant raw materials with biological properties is considered. It has been established that the ultrasonic extraction method allows obtaining a large amount of flavonoids and extractive substances. The technology of ultrasonic extraction is developed and the obtained extract is identified by the method of high performance liquid chromatography. The obtained results give information about the high possibilities of ultrasonic processing to increase the output of biologically active compounds from raw materials.
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Sokolova, Elena Nikolaevna, Tat'yana Vladimirovna Yuraskina, Yuliya Aleksandrovna Borshcheva, Natal'ya Aleksandrovna Fursova, Anton Yur'yevich Sharikov, and Elena Mikhailovna Serba. "INFLUENCE OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE YIELD OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM SORBUS AUCUPARIA." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 3 (September 27, 2021): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2021037439.
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Currently, the diet of almost all population groups in Russia is characterized by a deficiency of vitamins, essential amino acids, macro- and micronutrients, as well as biologically active substances (flavonoids, carotenoids, etc.). Replenishment of the lack of these components in the diet of the population due to natural sources of plant origin is an important and actual task of national health care.
 The rational use of natural components of plant materials containing a wide range of natural biologically active substances using biocatalytic methods, as well as the selection of optimal conditions for obtaining commodity forms of ingredients, will allow to create preventive products that have a beneficial effect on the human body. Theoretical research in the field of promising sources of food and biologically active ingredients among wild species of plant materials were carried out. Biomedical properties of Sorbus aucuparia were described. The technological characteristics of the biologically active substances extraction from dried plant raw materials was investigated. Thus, it was revealed that the degree of dried berries grinding about 0.2–0.8 mm, the hydromodule 1 : 10 and the extraction duration 240 minutes are most effective for the extractive substances yield. The enzymatic complex, allowing the maximum to release biologically valuable components to extract was selected. The amino acid composition of rowanberry with the use of high-performance liquid chromatography was investigated. Produced fermentalizates contain complex of biologically active compounds, including amino acids, vitamins, carotenoids, phenolic substances, that makes these ingredients promising for creation of various foodstuffs to improve quality, nutritional and biological value, taste and other consumer properties.
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Meliyeva, Shakhnoza Muzaffar kizi Azamova Sevarakhon Nodirjon kizi Azamatova Maftunaoy Khamidjon kizi Sapaev Bayramdurdi Saitkulov Foziljon Ergashevich. "STUDY OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN THE CONTENT OF CHAMOMILE BY THE METHOD OF MASS SPECTROSCOPY." SCIENCE AND INNOVATION IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM 2, no. 4 (2023): 19–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7698589.
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An experimental study was made of the method of using supercritical technologies to obtain chamomile plant extracts. A schematic diagram of an experimental setup for the study of supercritical extraction of biologically active substances from chamomile is presented. The results of a study of high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass-spectrometric detection for the identification of extracted biologically active substances and their mass yield are presented.
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Burak, L. Ch, and A. N. Sapach. "Biologically active substances of elder: Properties, methods of extraction and preservation." Food systems 6, no. 1 (2023): 80–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2618-9771-2023-6-1-80-94.
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Anthocyanins and polyphenols are the main biologically active substances in elderberry. Extraction methods exert a significant effect on the extraction effectiveness, bioavailability and preservation of biologically active compounds. The aim of this work was a review of the published results of scientific studies of elderberry and products of its processing, their effect on the body, as well as examination of methods for extraction and encapsulation of biologically active substances of elderberry. The review includes papers in English and Russian. A search for foreign literature in English on this theme was carried out in the bibliographic databases Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, Elsevier, ResearchGate. To select scientific papers in Russian, a search was done in the scientific electronic library eLIBRARY.RU by keywords. The review of the scientific publications shows that the results of numerous studies confirm the high antioxidant activity of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.), as well as wild elderberry (Sambucus ebulus), growing on the territory of the Belarus Republic and in other countries of Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America. This plant is applied in the traditional medicine and is used in the food industry as raw materials for creation of prophylactic and functional products due to the presence in the chemical composition of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) of bioactive flavonoids such as quercetin, kempherol and rutin, and other phenolic compounds. Bioactive compounds of elderberry possess several unique biological and pharmacological properties including the antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-depressive, anti-diabetic, antiviral and antibacterial activities. To extract bioactive substances from elderberry, traditional extraction methods are used, such as maceration and Soxhlet extraction, as well as modern promising “green” technologies (for example, supercritical fluids, pulsed electric field, emulsion liquid extraction, microwave-assisted and ultrasound-assisted extraction). To preserve and protect biologically active substances in elderberry, encapsulation methods that are most effective are employed. The materials of this paper can be used in future studies on optimization of extraction processes to increase the nutritional value and antioxidant activity of new functional foods, food additives and products of pharmaceutical industry.
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Sergalieva, M. U., A. V. Samotruev, and A. A. Tsibizova. "Conditions for Extraction of Saponins <I>Solidágo virgáurea</I>." Drug development & registration 11, no. 3 (2022): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33380/2305-2066-2022-11-3-91-96.
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Introduction. Currently, despite the achievements in the synthesis of chemical substances, there is a tendency to expand the use of herbal medicines, the use of which is justified by the relative safety and breadth of pharmacological activity. One of the promising sources of biologically active substances are plants of the genus Goldenrod, which has more than 20 plant species. Despite the active botanical and pharmacological study of plants of the genus Solidago, there is insufficient scientific data to date. In addition, the extraction of extracts based on Solidago grass has not been studied in detail, which determines the relevance of the study of representatives of this genus in the technological aspect.Aim. Determination of optimal conditions for the extraction of biologically active substances from the grass of Solidago virgaurea.Materials and methods. The herb Solidago virgaurea, collected during the flowering period, was used as the studied plant raw material. Drying of raw materials was carried out in a natural shadow way. The amount of extractive substances in the aqueous extracts of Solidago grass was determined by the pharmacopoeia method (OFS.1.5.3.0006.15 Determination of the content of extractive substances in medicinal plant raw materials and medicinal plant preparations). Biologically active compounds from dried and crushed raw materials were extracted with 40 %, 60 %, 80 % and 96 % ethyl alcohol solution. The quantitative content of biologically active substances in extracts of the herb Solidago virgaurea was determined by the dry residue. The percentage of saponins in the studied plant raw materials was determined in terms of oleanolic acid by direct spectrophotometry based on the reaction with sulfuric acid.Results and discussion. The issues of studying the factors affecting the quality of extraction of saponins of Solidago grass are highlighted. The influence of the degree of grinding of raw materials, the mode of infusion and the type of extractant on the completeness of saponin yield has been studied. According to the results of the study of the extraction conditions of biologically active compounds of aqueous extracts of Solidago virgaurea grass, it was revealed that the maximum amount of biologically active substances was obtained in extracts prepared on the basis of grass crushed to a size of 2 mm by infusing in a water bath for 30 minutes. It was found that the quantitative content of saponins in Solidago virgaurea grass is 9.8 ± 1.2 %.Conclusion. Based on the conducted research, the most rational technology of water extraction based on the herb Solidago virgaurea has been identified: the degree of grinding of raw materials is 2 mm; as an extractant, 60 % ethanol is the most optimal for saponins; the infusion mode is 30 minutes in a boiling water bath. According to the obtained results of quantitative analysis, it was found that the total saponin content in the grass of Solidago is 9.8 ± 1.2 %, which emphasizes the relevance of more detailed studies of this plant raw material from the standpoint of quantitative determination of biologically active substances and determination of a possible spectrum of pharmacological properties.
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Otmahov, Vladimir Il'ich, Inessa Vladimirovna Shilova, Elena Vasil'yevna Petrova, Anastasiya Alekseyevna Loginova, Evgeniya Sergeyevna Rabtsevich, and Denis Evgen'yevich Babenkov. "THE ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION STUDY OF PLANTS IN THE SIBERIAN FLORA (ALFREDIA CERNUA AND FILI-PENDULA ULMARIA), EXTRACTS AND FRACTIONS TO CREATE DRUGS BASED ON THEM." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 3 (September 2, 2019): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2019035355.
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Using the methods of arc atomic emission spectrometry (AAES), atomic emission flame photometry (AEFP), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), the elemental composition of the aerial part of widely used in medical practice Alfredia cernua and Filipendula ulmaria, extracts and fractions obtained from them, is investigated. It was shown that not only biologically active substances, but also mineral elements are extracted by extractants, which may be due both to the formation of complexes with biologically active substances and affinity for extractants. Therefore, the elemental composition must be considered as an important component of plant extracts and medicinal products obtained from them. Simultaneously with biologically active substances in ethanol extracts there is an accumulation of not only biogenic, but also toxic elements, which degree of extraction is often higher. It increases even more during the transition from periodic to countercurrent extraction, which allows to obtain extracts with the highest yield of biologically active substances. Since the enriched extract is directly used to obtain the dosage form, a preliminary elemental analysis is necessary. Analytical control of the content of TM is also necessary when choosing the place of growth of plants raw materials, which are used to create medicinal herbal remedies.