Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Dynamique moléculaire femtoseconde'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 16 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Dynamique moléculaire femtoseconde.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Despré, Victor. "Dynamique électronique à l'échelle attoseconde et femtoseconde en physique moléculaire : une approche ab-initio." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10142/document.
Full textThe advent of attosecond physics has brought new experimental and theoretical challenges. Indeed, the observation of dynamic processes occurring at the intrinsic time scale of charge motion at atomic scale, allows to consider new processes for which the role of correlations and non-adiabatic couplings become primordial. The work presented in this manuscript falls in the context of the study of complex molecules subject to a short light pulse. For such time (femtosecond / attosecond) and energy scales (IR / XUV), the main approximations that permit the study of electronic systems are no longer appropriate. In this thesis, we present the simulations realized for the theoretical study of molecules in such conditions. We studied the correlated charge migration dynamics in several molecules like the benzene, different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and molecules of biological interest such as phenylalanine. This kind of dynamics has never been observed experimentally. Hence, a particular attention was paid to the feasibility of an experiment in the case of the benzene molecule. The non-adiabatic relaxations of the naphthalene molecule subjected to a XUV pulse were also studied. Finally, dynamics occurring at the optical cycle time scale experienced by a group of medium-sized molecules subject to an IR pulse, were discussed. These simulations were used to interpret pump-probe experiments made by members of our team
Vieillard, Thomas. "Dynamique induite par champ laser femtoseconde intense : alignement moléculaire en milieu gazeux dense et effet Kerr." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00697019.
Full textRouzée, Arnaud. "ALIGNEMENT UNI ET TRIDIMENSIONNEL DE MOLÉCULES PAR IMPULSION LASER FEMTOSECONDE." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00398990.
Full textFournier, Frédéric. "Spectroscopie non-linéaire femtoseconde de molécules adsorbées et dynamique de l'interaction adsorbat-substrat : application à CO, à la glace et aux molécules auto-assemblées sur Pt(111), Pd(111), Au(111)." Paris 11, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA112083.
Full textThis thesis presents a new femtosecond sum frequency generation setup to, probe properties of adsorbed molecules. The possibility to obtain spectra in a broad spectral range without scanning the IR wavelength allows us to apply a steady state approch of the photodesorption on CO/Pt(111) and thus to mesure a very large variation of photodesorption efficiency versus coverage. This effect implies that it could exist a collective phenomenon between CO molecules or a very efficient relaxation channel at low coverage. A pump-probe experiment allows to measure energy transfer from electrons photoexcited in platinum to different vibrational modes of CO in photodesorption conditions. This experiment suggests that the frustrated rotation is the most effective low frequency mode in photodesorption. A preliminary study of ice surface and coadsorption of D2O with CH3Cl is presented: the results obtained during ice adsorption show an ordered growth of the ice layer on platinum. Adsorption with CH3Cl induces the loss of the methyl group SFG signal. The hypothesis of a reaction between D2O and CH3Cl can be excluded and we concluded that CH3Cl molecules are encaged and loge orientation due to water molecules. The anisotropy of SFG is exploited to study orientation and organization of self-assembled molecules on Au(111). We obtained informations about orientation of two isomers of an original type of molecule and we developed a model to calculate the SFG spectrum of an alkyl chain of any conformation. These different results show that femtosecond SFG is a powerful technic to study various aspects of the molecule-surface interaction. Future work concerns the dynamics and reactivity on nanoparticles, and the study of ice surface in atmospheric conditions
Treuffet, Johanne. "Transfert de ligand dans la cytochrome c oxydase observé par des expériences femtosecondes infrarouge intégrées et résolues spectralement." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002200.
Full textNag, Lipsa. "Internal dynamics of flavoproteins studied by femtosecond spectroscopy." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLX121/document.
Full textNature employs charge transfer reactions in many biological functions. Redox-active cofactors like flavins (FAD and FMN) are often implicated in such reactions. Charge transfer in proteins often proceeds via formation of radical intermediates. The amino acid radicals of tyrosine (TyrOH) and tryptophan are thought to play important roles as intermediates in intra- and interprotein charge transfer reactions. Tryptophanyl radicals (both protonated cation and deprotonated neutral forms), had been characterized before. However, tyrosyl radicals had only been characterized in the neutral form, and were thought to be formed by concerted electron extraction and deprotonation of tyrosine. Short-lived intermediates are often difficult to observe in biochemical reactions, but may be populated when they can be photochemically formed using short light pulses.In this work, we have characterized intermediates in non-functional charge transfer reactions in flavoproteins using femtosecond time-resolved fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy. Excited states and product states formed in the wild type and mutant forms of the methyltransferase flavoenzyme TrmFO from Thermus thermophilus were investigated. In the TrmFO active site, a tyrosine (Tyr343), is closely stacked on the FAD isoalloxazine ring and a cysteine (Cys51) can form a highly fluorescent adduct with the FAD. In the mutant C51A, FADox fluorescence is strongly quenched by electron transfer from the Tyr343 in ~1ps. The resulting product state displayed a distinct spectral feature- a strong absorption band at ~490 nm unlike any previously characterized radical species. It was assigned to the radical cation of tyrosine (TyrOH•+) which had never been observed before. The FAD•-TyrOH•+ intermediate, is very short-lived as it decays in ~3ps, through charge recombination. As a general conclusion, despite the very low pKa of TyrOH•+, electron transfer from tyrosine can occur without concomitant proton transfer.Using polarization photoselection experiments, we estimated the dipole moment direction for this new transition. The resultant angle between the excited FADox transition and the probed TyrOH•+ transition in C51A TrmFO was 31º±5º. This result sets the orientation of the dipole moment of the transition in the molecular frame of the phenol ring. The finding of distinct directions for the excited FAD transition band and the 490 nm transition confirms their origin in different molecular entities.Following the results from TrmFO, we reinvestigated the photochemistry in the model flavoprotein glucose oxidase (GOX). Here, both tryptophan and tyrosine residues are located in the vicinity of FAD and the photoproduct evolution on the picosecond timescale is more complex. Distinct phases of excited state decay with time constants of 1ps and ~4ps were observed, as well as phases of ~4ps, ~37 ps and a longer-lives phase for product state evolution. Consequently, a comprehensive model for the involvement of radicals of tyrosine and tryptophan and, the different FAD redox states, in the light-induced charge separation and recombination in GOX was made. Partial involvement of the TyrOH•+ radical cation, spectrally similar to C51A TrmFO, was required for the 4 ps and 37 ps phases to account for the ensemble of data. This result explains previous enigmatic features and indicates the involvement of TyrOH•+ in a variety of protein systems.So far, only the deprotonated tyrosyl radical TyrO• had been observed as a functional intermediate in several systems. The visualization of protonated TyrOH•+ radical in TrmFO C51A and GOX suggests the possibility of its intermediate formation as a precursor of TyrO• in functional biochemical reactions.Finally, in TrmFO the construction of specific variants with site-directed mutagenesis was initiated to study active-site flexibility using electron transfer rates as conformational markers. Further experimental and modeling work is required to pursue this goal
El, Khoury Lara. "Diffusion Raman résonante des rayons X de molécules excitées en couche profonde." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066305.
Full textHandschin, Charles. "Spectroscopie EUV résolue temporellement à l'échelle femtoseconde par imagerie de vecteur vitesse et génération d'harmoniques d'ordres élevés." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00944627.
Full textMarciniak, Alexandre. "Dynamique électronique femtoseconde et sub-femtoseconde d’édifices moléculaires complexes super-excités." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1181/document.
Full textElectron correlation in a molecule is one of the main difficulties of the N-bodies problem. One mean to enhance multielectronic effects is to use extreme ultraviolet light (XUV) in order to ionize inner-valence electrons of complex polyatomic systems. Thus, the produced cationic states result from a higher order photo-excitation processes (such as “2-hole, 1particle”) and their dynamics lead to considerations out of the frame of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Recent developments in ultrafast science concerning the XUV ultrashort pulses sources, produced by high harmonic generation (HHG), allow studying these mechanisms from the hundreds of femtoseconds (1 fs = 10-15 s) timescale up to the attosecond (1 as = 10-18 s) timescale.During this thesis I have firstly studied the static response of carboneous and biological molecules to a multi-photonic infrared (IR) femtosecond excitation thanks to a velocity map imaging spectrometer (VMIS). Then, through a multi-scale approach, I have investigated, in these complex systems, the dynamics induced by XUV femtosecond and attosecond pulses. I have especially studied, in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), the evolution of highly excited cationic states and the effect of the molecular potential during the photoionization process, thanks to a XUV-pump IR-probe spectroscopy scheme coupled to a VMIS. Finally, I have examined the role of the ultrafast charge dynamics induced by XUV photo-ionization on fragmentation mechanisms in the caffeine biomolecule. The observed processes are entire part of a multi-scale approach of the ultrafast molecular physics and allow a better understanding of the implication of multielectronic effects and non-adiabatic couplings in complex polyatomic systems
Staedter, David. "Spectroscopie femtoseconde reésolue en temps dans les systèmes polyatomiques étudieés par l'imagerie de vecteur vitesse et de génération d'harmoniques d'ordre élevé." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00922203.
Full textStaedter, David. "Femtosecond time-resolved spectroscopy in polyatomic systems investigated by velocity-map imaging and high-order harmonic generation." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2116/.
Full textRevealing the underlying ultrafast dynamics in molecular reaction spectroscopy demands state-of-the-art imaging techniques to follow a molecular process step by step. Femtosecond time-resolved velocity-map imaging is used to study the photodissociation dynamics of chlorine azide (ClN3). Here especially the co-fragments chlorine and N3 are studied on the femtosecond timescale in two excitation energy regions around 4. 67 eV and 6. 12 eV, leading to the formation of a linear N3 fragment and a cyclic N3 fragment, respectively. This work is the first femtosecond spectroscopy study revealing the formation of cyclic N3. Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF, C6H4S4) electronic relaxation is studied, while scanning the electronic excitation around 4 eV, by time resolved mass and photoelectron spectroscopy. As only few is known about the ion continuum about TTF the imaging photoelectron photoion coincidence (iPEPICO) technique is used in order to disentangle the complex ionic dissociation. The second part of the thesis is based on the generation and application of XUV light pulses by high-order harmonic generation with an intense femtosecond laser pulse in a molecular target. Two types of phase sensitive attosecond spectroscopy experiments were conducted to study the vibrational dynamics of SF6: one using strong field transient grating spectroscopy, where high-order harmonic generation takes place in a grating of excitation, and the second experiment using high-order harmonic interferometry using two intense XUV probe pulses. The temporal dependencies in phase and amplitude reveal the vibrational dynamics in SF6 and demonstrate that high-order harmonic generation is sensitive to the internal excitations. Last but not least, the use of high-order harmonics as a XUV photon source for the velocity-map imaging spectrometer is investigated. Using time-resolved photoelectron imaging, the relaxation dynamics initiated with 15. 5 eV in argon and 9. 3 eV in acetylene are revealed
Ferré, Amelie. "Etude des dynamiques moléculaires sondées par générations d'harmoniques d'ordres élevés." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0165/document.
Full textHigh harmonic generation (HHG) spectroscopy has proven to be a promisingtool (like probe in pump-probe experiments) in revealing the atomic and molecular dynamicswith the potential for subangstrom spatial resolution and subfemtosecond temporalresolution. Then, rotational dynamics have been resolved on small molecular systems (N2,CO2). This thesis looks to extending HHG spectroscopy methods to probe the structureand the dynamic of complex molecular systems. We will describe the two sources highharmonic generation, the transient grating of excitation and the two-color high harmonicgeneration. We enable to resolve the femtosecond nuclear dynamics in N2O4 and SF6. HHGis also used like a XUV radiation source, playing the role of pump pulse. This approach hasbeen used for the study of photoelectron circular dichroism. An XUV harmonic field witha quasi-circular polarization ionizes chiral molecules. In this manuscript, we will developthis new femtosecond XUV and quasi circular polarization radiation
Aublin, Johanne Treuffet. "Transfert de ligand dans la cytochrome c oxydase observé par des expériences femtosecondes infrarouge intégrées et résolues spectralement." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2006. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002200.
Full textMahfoudhi, Mohamed. "Eu3+ ion environment modification by Electron and femtosecond laser irradiation in metaphosphate and polyphosphate glasses." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX066.
Full textRare Earth (RE) doped phosphate glasses are attractive materials in optic due to their low glass transition temperature and their high ability to dissolve rare earth ions compared to silicate glasses. In this work, we are interested in understanding the mechanisms leading to the structural modification of zinc polyphosphate and metaphosphate glasses under irradiation with the aim of controlling the environment of rare earth ions (in particular Eu3+ ions) by irradiation. We compared the effects obtained under electron and femtosecond laser irradiation by varying the dose and electron energy (700 keV and 2.5 MeV), the laser repetition rate as well as the glass compositions that contain different alkaline and alkaline earth ions (Na, Li, K and Mg) and Zn contents.We have demonstrated the decrease of the Eu3+ site symmetry, the increase of the sites dispersion as well as an effective reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ under electron irradiation.The presence of Zn attenuates the variation of the local order around the rare earth, while the vitreous network is less stable under irradiation. The formation of Eu2+ ions (under two types of high and low symmetry environments) is further enhanced in the presence of Zn and using 700 keV electrons. The femtosecond laser at 10 KHz gives causes crystallization of metaphosphate glasses without reduction of Eu3+ ions
Didier, Pascal. "Propriétés optiques de marqueurs fluorescents d'intérêt biologique en interaction avec leur environnement : étude par spectroscopie femtoseconde." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008127.
Full textMarinier, Sébastien. "Ablation laser femtoseconde de verres métalliques de Cu_x Zr_(1−x) : une étude par dynamique moléculaire." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13487.
Full text