Dissertations / Theses: 'E100'

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Thandee, Rithirong. "Ieee 802.15.4 Implementation on an Embedded Device." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31777.

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Software Defined Radio (SDR) is a growing technology that allows radio communication to become interoperable. SDR can lower the cost for a particular hardware radio to commu- nicate with another radio that uses a different standard. In order to show the capability of SDR, this thesis shows how to implement IEEE 802.14.5, a low-rate wireless personal area network (LR-WPAN) standard, on a standalone embedded machine. The implementation is done using a universal software radio peripheral embedded, USRP E100, an open source software development toolkit for SDR, GNU Radio, and UCLA ZigBee PHY GNU Radio application. The implementation can be done on the regular non- embedded USRPs. However, without a fast host computer demodulating the packets, the USRP E100 cannot receive incoming packets. An available FPGA is used to solve this prob- lem by doing a software-hardware hybrid design to allow the USRP E100 to communicate with other IEEE 802.15.4 devices. The final product is an IEEE 802.15.4 monitor software that detects messages from devices communicating using IEEE 802.15.4 in its range. In addi- tion, recommendations are presented for improving SDR education and training, particularly for developers with backgrounds in disciplines other than communications engineering.
Master of Science

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Acero, Juan Sebastian Ruiz. "Influência do acabamento superficial no desempenho de lubrificantes de motor novos e usados em automóveis abastecidos com E22 e E100." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3151/tde-12072016-101041/.

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Superfícies anisotrópicas lisas e rugosas foram usadas para avaliar o efeito da rugosidade e da direção de acabamento na formação de MoS2 a partir de MoDTC em ensaios tribologicos lubrificados com óleos de motor completamente formulados. Igualmente foi avaliada a resposta de atrito de lubrificantes de motor usados em carros de passageiros e em testes de dinamômetro abastecidos com etanol (E100) e gasolina (E22). Encontrou-se que tanto a direção de acabamento quanto a rugosidade foram fundamentais na reação MoDTC - MoS2. A direção de acabamento influenciou na medida que carregamentos tangenciais geram respostas diferentes nos ensaios quando são realizados paralelos e perpendiculares às linhas de acabamento, dado que para os últimos apresenta-se maior deformação plástica das asperezas, o qual favorece a obtenção de superfícies livres de óxidos, que tem sido indicada como uma condição necessário para que aconteça a reação MoDTC - MoS2. Por esta razão os valores de coeficiente de atrito próprios da formação de MoS2 foram obtidos somente nas superfícies rugosas ensaiadas perpendiculares às marcas de acabamento. Para superfícies com valores de índice de plasticidade superiores a 1 e nos quais não são formados filmes com boas capacidades redutoras de atrito, como é o caso de ensaios realizados com óleos base (livres de aditivos), o coeficiente de atrito não depende da rugosidade e da direção de acabamento. Nos ensaios lubrificados com óleos usado, encontraram-se valores de coeficiente de atrito similares aos obtidos nas condições de lubrificação com óleo livres de aditivos, devido provavelmente à redução do MoDTC no lubrificante como tem sido identificado por diferentes autores. Quando foram comparados os óleos usados contaminados com etanol com os óleos usados contaminados com gasolina, encontrou-se maior oxidação nestes últimos. Mesmo que estas diferenças de oxidação dos óleos não significaram diferenças em termos de atrito, estas podem ser importantes na medida em que óleos mais oxidados podem favorecer o desgaste oxidativo.
Smooth and rough anisotropic surfaces were used to evaluate the influence of surface roughnesss and lay direction on the in-situ formation of MoS2 from MoDTC in tribological tests. Also, this work evaluated the friction response of engine lubricants which were used in passenger cars and dynamometer tests fueled both with ethanol (E100) and gasoline (E22). It was found that both the lay direction as the surface roughness were critical for the MoDTC -MoS2 reaction. The lay direction influence due to tangential loads generate different responses when tests were conducted along and across the lay, since the latter showed higher asperities plastic deformation , which favors free oxides surfaces, which has been indicated as a condition for the sequence by MoDTC formed MoS2. For this reason the friction coefficient values related to MoS2 were obtained only for tests conducted on rough surfaces and across the lay. For surfaces with plasticity index values greater than 1 and which are not formed films with good friction-reducing capabilities, such as the tests lubricated with base oil (free aditives), the friction coefficient does not depends on the surface roughness and lay direction. For the tests conducted with used engine oils, the friction coefficient values were similar to those obtained on tests lubricated with free additives oils, this could be related by MoDTC depletion in the lubricants as have been identified by different authors. Comparing the used oils contaminated with ethanol with the used oils contaminated with gasoline, higher oxidation was founded in the latter. Even if these differences in oil oxidation not meant differences friction, these may be important as more oxidesed oils can promote oxidative wear.

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Nikitine, Clémence. "Elaboration d’un matériaux poreux d’Eudragit E100 par extrusion assistée par CO2 supercritique : de la conception à la compréhension du procédé." Paris, ENMP, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENMP1489.

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L’objectif de cette étude est la mise au point d’un procédé d’extrusion de mousse polymère assistée par du CO2 supercritique. Ce couplage s’intègre dans les tendances actuelles du génie des procédés. En effet, il permet de développer un procédé sans agent organique, de travailler sous des conditions opératoires plus douces et de développer de nouvelles applications. Ce travail a permis d’identifier les paramètres opératoires influents et d’aborder les phénomènes mis en jeu pour l’obtention d’une matrice poreuse. Dans l’optique d’une application pharmaceutique, un polymère biocompatible, l’Eudragit E100 a été utilisé. Dans ce cadre, un dispositif expérimental a été conçu à partir d’une extrudeuse monovis afin de permettre l’injection de CO2. La présence de CO2 supercritique modifie entre autres les propriétés rhéologiques du matériau et a donc une influence sur l’écoulement dans l’extrudeuse. Après une validation du traceur, les distributions des temps de séjour ainsi que le temps de passage ont été déterminés. Cela a permis une modélisation de l’écoulement et une étude de l’influence des paramètres opératoires du procédé : la température, la vitesse de rotation de la vis et le débit de CO2. L’étude de l’influence ces paramètres sur la structure des extrudats a été réalisée à partir d’un plan d’expériences et d’un programme d’analyse d’images développé au sein du laboratoire. Ainsi, il a été possible de relier ces paramètres opératoires aux caractéristiques du produit : l’expansion, le diamètre moyen et la densité de pores des extrudats obtenus par le biais des processus mis en jeu : le mélange, les phénomènes de nucléation, croissance et coalescence
Extrusion is a process already used industrially for converting a raw material into a product of uniform shape. The aim of this study is the development of a supercritical carbon dioxide CO2-assisted extrusion process which leads to the manufacturing of polymeric foams. This coupling is integrated in the present trends of process engineering. Indeed, we obtain a process without residues, without chemical blowing agent and with smooth operating conditions for new applications. In this study, we have identified the significant operating parameters and we have approached the key phenomena in order to obtain a porous matrix. With a view to a pharmaceutical applications, a biocompatible polymer was used, Eudragit E100. Within this context, experimental equipment has been designed based on a single-screw extruder in order to be able to inject supercritical CO2 within the material to be extruded. Supercritical CO2 modifies the rheological properties of the material and consequently the flow in the barrel of the extruder. After a tracer validation, the residence time distribution and particulate flow have been determined. A flow model based on ideal reactors was developed and the effect of temperature, screw speed and flow rate of CO2 was studied. A central composite statistical design and an image analysis Matlab software designed in the laboratory allow to determine the correlation between operating conditions and product characteristics, (i. E. Expansion, cell size and cell density) and process mechanisms, (i. E. Mixing, nucleation, growth and coalescence phenomena)

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Syzov, Vladyslav. "Delivery of a coated bioactive from a rumen controlled-release device." The University of Waikato, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2368.

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Ruminants possess a unique digestive system. Using the high metabolic potential of the symbiotic microflora of the rumen, ruminants are capable of digesting plant material and obtaining nutrients and energy from this process. Because of the ruminal fermentation, the most bioactives are not stable in the harsh ruminal environment. Therefore there is a need to improve the bioavailability of a bioactive by protecting it from the ruminal digestion. The formulation of protected bioactive can be delivered in the rumen in a controlled manner and over a long period of time. In this project the degree of rumen protection was estimated using model substrates (sugar pellets and granules). These materials were coated with the pH-sensitive polymer Eudragit E. The model bioactive (phloridizin) was coated using the coating methodology adopted from exploratory studies with model substrates. The bioavailability of protected (coated) phloridizin was assessed by administering directly into the abomasum of fistulated cows. Formulation of protected phloridizin was used to demonstrate the feasibility of bioactive controlled delivery based on ART ( Active Rumen Technology ). This technology uses an elevated gas pressure created by a hydrogen-producing cell to drive a plunger which extrudes bioactive formulation from an intraruminal controlled-release device. Four groups of devices filled with formulation containing different amounts of protected phloridizin were tested. The bioactive was released in a controlled manner over several days. The formulation release profiles were reproducible suggesting that in principle the technology can be further developed to use in a commercial sense or for research purposes. The limitations of the technology, including formulation issues and gas diffusion through barrel walls, were identified.

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Rezai, Armon. "Cycles of Demand and Distribution and Monetary Policy in the US Economy." M. E. Sharpe, 2013. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4022/1/cyclesRezaif.pdf.

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The role of monetary policy on the cyclical behavior of the labor share and capacity utilization in the US economy is studied empirically. Previous estimation results remain robust; the inclusion of the rate of interest does not alter the underlying specification of the distributive demand regime. Next, the role of monetary policy on net borrowing flows for four institutional sectors are analyzed. Interest rate effects appear most important for households. Based on this finding, implications for countercyclical stabilization policy are spelled out. (author's abstract)

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Nalon, Filippo. "Analisi sperimentale sull'utilizzo di etanolo (E85) in un motore per Formula SAE." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13146/.

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Questo lavoro di tesi tratta della conversione di un motore a combustione interna ad accensione comandata PFI dall’utilizzo di benzina RON95 all’utilizzo di etanolo E85. L’applicazione dello studio riguarda il propulsore della vettura Formula SAE dell’Università di Bologna. In una fase iniziale dello studio si valutano dal punto di vista teorico gli aspetti inerenti il cambiamento di combustibile: confronto proprietà fisico-chimiche (calore latente di vaporizzazione, tonalità termica, numero di ottano), calcolo delle emissioni di CO2, rapporto di compressione, confronto strozzature da regolamento, stima della capacità del serbatoio. Nella parte centrale si approfondiscono le modalità con cui sono stati effettuati gli interventi in vettura e sul propulsore: incremento del rapporto di compressione, simulazione e progettazione venturi e valvola a farfalla, scelta degli iniettori, strategia di controllo pompa carburante, compatibilità dei materiali. Nella parte conclusiva vengono descritte le modalità di calibrazione del sistema di controllo in sala prova motori: calibrazione base dei rendimenti volumetrici e dell’anticipo di accensione, calibrazione avanzata e generazione curve ad ombrello. Le conclusioni riassumono pro e contro dello studio.

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Elmehög, Hampus. "Uppföljning av absoluta tjälrörelser : En fallstudie av väg E10 i Kiruna." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Geoteknologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-72057.

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Detta examensarbete har haft som mål att undersöka tjällyftningen hos en väg i en fältstudie och utvärdera reliabiliteten hos två olika modeller för skattning av tjällyftning. Modellerna som har studerats är Trafikverkets nuvarande, vilken är implementerad i deras vägdimensioneringsverktyg PMS Objekt, samt segregation potential theory. Den studerade vägsträckan är belägen i Kiruna. I vägen har borrkärneprover tagits och vägens obundna lager, inklusive terassmaterial, har blivit analyserade i laboratorium. Dessa tester inkluderar både geoteknisk klassificering och endimensionella frysförsök på terassmaterialet. Materialets tjälfarlighet har klassificerats enligt både Trafikverkets eget och det amerikanska USACEs system. Alla prover, inklusive terrassmaterialet, består huvudsakligen av grus och sand. Enligt båda de använda klassificeringssystemen bedöms alla prover som icke tjälfarliga. Nivåmätningar utförda på vägen visar dock att tjällyftning ändå förekommer i vägen. Denna tjällyftning har inte kunnat modelleras framgångsrikt i PMS Objekt, där ingen tjällyftning alls fås trots att en dimensionerande vinter tillämpas i analysen. Däremot har en god överensstämmelse mellan bakåträknad och empiriskt beräknad tjälfarlighetsklassificering med SP0-värde enligt segregation potential theory kunnat ses. Även när detta beräknas utifrån utförda frysförsök fås en relativt god överensstämmelse. Studiens främsta fynd är att den visar på att även material som bedöms som ej tjällyftande enligt de två systemen för tjälfarlighetsklassificering faktiskt orsakar tjällyftning och att detta omfattar både terrass- och överbyggnadsmaterial. Studien visar att detta tjällyft främst beror på primärt lyft, varför klassificeringarna stämmer ganska väl om endast det sekundära lyftet avses. Studien har även visat på att Trafikverkets nuvarande modell är otillräcklig när det kommer till att modellera tjällyftning för grovkorniga jordar. Slutligen har studien även visat på möjligheten att bedöma jords tjälfarlighet med hjälp av segregation potential theory, även om också denna metod endast kan användas för att modellera sekundärt lyft.
The aim of the master thesis has been to examine the frost heaving of a road in a field study and to evaluate the reliability of two different models for estimation of frost heaving. The studied models are the current one of the Swedish Transport Administration, which is implemented in their road design tool PMS Objekt, and the segregation potential theory. The studied road section is located in Kiruna, in the northern part of Sweden. The road has been cored and the unbound layers of it, including the subgrade, have been analyzed in laboratory. These analyses include both geotechnical characterization and one-dimensional frost heave tests of the subgrade material. The frost susceptibility of the collected material has been classified according to both the Swedish Transport Administrations system and the American USACE’s system. All samples, including the subgrade, consist mainly of gravel and sand. According to both the used classification systems all samples are classified as not frost susceptible. However, the elevation measurements of the road show that frost heaving occurs in it despite this. This heaving has not been possible to model successfully in the program PMS Objekt. In it the frost heave prediction yields no heave at all, despite applying a design winter (worst case) in the analysis. A good conformity has however been observed between back-calculated and empirically evaluated frost susceptibility using segregation potential theory. A quite good conformity has also been observed when the same thing is evaluated from the preformed freeze tests. The most important finding of the study is that even material that is categorized as non-frost susceptible according to the two studied systems actually does heave. This finding includes both subgrade aswell as the unbound material in the superstructure. It has been found that the total frost heave observed in this study originates mainly from primary heaving, meaning the studied systems are quite correct in their frost susceptibility classification if only secondary heaving is intended. The study has also shown that the current model applied in PMS Objekt is poor in predicting the amount of heaving in coarse subgrades. Finally, the study has also shown the possibility to evaluate a soils frost susceptibility using segregation potential theory, although this model aswell is only applicable to secondary heave

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Tenório, Junior Nelson Nunes. "Modelo–E10: um modelo para estimativas de esforço em manutenção de software." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/1632.

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The software industry invests amounts of money searching for the improvements on its products and services. Nowadays, clients are more demanding and look for industries that possess a severe quality control. That quality is measured through quality models adopted, such as CMMI, ISO, IEC, among others. The client’s demanding makes the organizations contract patterns that evaluate the quality level of its services. These contracts predict as punishments expensive fees. Observing of costs and deadlines is one of the requirements predicted in such contracts. The basis to its fulfillment (costs and deadlines), is the software development effort estimation and, after the delivery of the product, is the software maintenance effort. The challenge for researchers lies on supporting the software industry with effective works on estimation areas that may become much more accurate. Besides, the estimations shall not be economically heavy to their teams in order not to add more costs to the projects. This thesis comes from a research that has been developed through the last four years, from wich two of them were based on the actions in a software’s maintenance project from a great Brazilian public bank. The project was supported by a software industry partner of the Post graduation program in computer science from PUCRS. Such program inspired this thesis that presents as an option to the estimation areas a model of software’s maintenance effort. The model here presented supports the software industry as well the researches in the estimation area.
A indústria de software investe montantes de dinheiro em busca da melhoria de seus produtos e serviços. Atualmente, os clientes estão cada vez mais exigentes e procuram fábricas que possuam um rigoroso controle de qualidade. A qualidade é medida por meio dos modelos de qualidades adotados, como CMMI, ISO, IEC, dentre outros. A exigência dos clientes faz as organizações selarem contratos que medem o nível da qualidade de seus serviços. Esses contratos prevêem como sanções pesadas multas. O cumprimento de prazos e custos é uma das exigências previstas nesse tipo de contrato. A base para que se cumpram prazos e custos é a estimativa de esforço de desenvolvimento e, após a entrega do produto, o esforço para a manutenção do software. O desafio dos pesquisadores está em apoiar a indústria de software com trabalhos na área de estimativas que possam tornar as mesmas mais precisas. Além disso, as estimativas não devem onerar as equipes de software para não agregar mais custos aos projetos. Esta tese é fruto de uma pesquisa realizada ao longo de quatro anos, dois dos quais atuando em um projeto de manutenção de software pertencente a um grande banco governamental brasileiro. O projeto era mantido por uma fábrica de software parceira do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação da Faculdade de Informática da PUCRS. A pesquisa inspirou esta tese de doutorado que apresenta, como uma opção para a área de estimativas, um modelo de esforço em manutenção de software. O modelo aqui apresentado apoia tanto a indústria de software como as pesquisas na área de estimativas.

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Ospina, Forero Luis Eduardo. "Modelling protein-protein interaction networks." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c5150074-e160-4c59-8c23-f8804ae3dd2e.

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Proteins, the main motors of the cell, are in charge of performing a diverse array of biological functions. They rarely perform those functions alone, but generally work as groups of proteins that through a complex array of interactions perform a single biological function. These complex interactions between different proteins are often analysed via network theory, where a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network is created considering each protein as a node and each of their interactions as edges. Different approaches from the perspective of network analysis have been proposed to describe, analyse, and predict PPI networks. Some methods focus on the use of network summary statistics, community detection, random graph models, and machine learning procedures. However, despite the large effort invested in PPI network research, current models fail to describe well the structure of PPI networks. Small overrepresented subgraphs, which have been thought as the building blocks of networks, have been shown to be important patterns in gene regulatory networks, and there is evidence that suggests they may be evolutionarily conserved across the PPI networks of different organisms. Hence, a first step to better understand the structure of protein-protein interaction networks, is to describe how the local structure of these networks, accounted by the occurrence of small connected subgraphs, is created. We approach this problem in two stages. In the first stage, we provide a framework to statistically assess if a random graph model can describe the occurrence of different small connected subgraphs observed in PPI networks. Then, by applying this framework we find that state-of-the-art network comparison methods based on subgraph counts struggle at finding similarities between networks that have different numbers of nodes or edges. Hence, in joint work with Dr. Anatol Wegner, Dr. Robert Gaunt, Professor Gesine Reinert, and Professor Charlotte M. Deane, we propose a novel network comparison method, NetEmd, that tackles this problem indirectly by proposing a method that is invariant to translations and rescalings of subgraph count distributions, and which is better able to detect similarities across networks with different number of nodes or edges. In the second stage, we use NetEmd, along with three other state-of-the-art network comparison methods, to test the ability of several random graph models to describe the occurrence of subgraphs counts in the PPI networks of six organisms, and in multiple smaller sections of these networks. We find that the overall occurrence of small connected subgraphs could potentially be described by two network generation mechanisms operating in complementary sections of the PPI networks. In addition we find that cellular compartment-specific PPI networks can be potentially described by a single model that captures, with only two parameters, both, the common properties between the different cellular compartment networks, and their individual structural features.

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Tanner, Rachel Louise. "Development of mycobacterial growth inhibition assays for the early evaluation and gating of novel TB vaccine candidates." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c85b98a6-e10a-4197-a88f-0da31b8169c6.

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Tuberculosis poses a serious global health threat, with an estimated 9 million new cases and 1.5 million deaths annually. The current vaccine, BCG, is inadequate but development of an effective alternative is severely hampered by the lack of an immune correlate of protection. Candidate vaccines are currently tested using preclinical animal models such as mice and non-human primates. Large numbers of animals are required and subjected to procedures classified as 'Moderate' in severity. Experiments are long and costly and it is unclear whether outcomes are predictive of efficacy or safety in humans. Work in this thesis describes the optimisation and evaluation of a functional in vitro Mycobacterial Growth Inhibition Assay, the MGIT, which takes into account a range of immune mechanisms and their interactions. Applying this assay, a BCG-induced reduction in mycobacterial growth was detected in humans, NHPs and mice. A correlation was observed between the in vitro MGIT response and in vivo protection from challenge in the mouse and NHP models. There was also concordance between the MGIT and epidemiological data or in vivo outcome in humans. Comparison of whole blood and PBMC compartments indicated that haemoglobin may act as a confounder and suggested a role for complement, but not antibodies, in determining mycobacterial growth. Classical monocytes and CD16- NK cells played a crucial role in PBMC MGIT. Cytokines correlating with mycobacterial growth represented a mixture of subsets, and the immunoregulatory cytokine IL-10 was highly influential. Genes correlating with mycobacterial growth were enriched for the immune response pathway, which included CD14 and HAMP, supporting the importance of monocytes and iron. Although further work is required, the MGIT assay represents a potential correlate of protection that may be applied in preclinical vaccine testing, reducing the number of animals used in challenge experiments and accelerating the development of an effective vaccine.

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Schroeder, Knut. "Improving adherence to blood pressure lowering medication." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/799b44ff-e10d-49c6-80a3-363521922f9c.

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Lack of adherence to long-tenn therapies has been recognised for many years as a major problem, commonly undennining the effectiveness of medical care. The main objectives of this thesis were to evaluate the effect of nurse-led adherence support compared with usual care on adherence, blood pressure and costs, and to compare a newly developed adherence self-report tool with electronic monitoring. A total of 245 uncontrolled hypertensive patients with a diagnosis of essential hypertension were recruited in 22 general practices in Avon. A validation study of an adherence self-report tool compared with electronic monitoring showed that self-report can predict timing compliance at higher levels of adherence. More research is needed on the usefulness of this tool in day-to-day practice and in a more representative study sample. The main study of this thesis, the RCT, compared a nurse-led adherence support consultation followed by a re-inforcement appointment two months later with usual care alone. The main outcomes in this RCT were adherence to blood pressure lowering medication ('timing compliance'), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and costs. There was no evidence of an effect of nurse-led adherence support on timing compliance (difference between means: -1.0,95% CI: -5.1 to 3.1, p=0.63), systolic blood pressure (difference between means: -2.7 mmHg, 95% CI: -7.2 to 1.8, p=0.24) or diastolic blood pressure (0.2, 95% CI: -1.9 to 2.3, p=0.85). With respect to the evaluation of the adherence self-report tool, there is strong evidence that a reduction of one level of self-reported adherence is associated with a decrease in timing compliance of around 5% (p=0.0004). In conclusion, nurse-led adherence support was no more effective than usual care in terms of increasing adherence or reducing blood pressure. Baseline adherence levels were high in both comparison groups, leaving little room for further improvement. In the few participants who did have medication problems, the intervention appeared to be successful, but further research is needed to consolidate this finding.

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Noor, Nudrat. "Molecular mechanisms of recombination hotspots in humans." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dd26a44a-e190-42e3-b90f-d00269f8a7b4.

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Meiotic recombination involves the exchange of DNA between two homologous chromosomes, forming cross-overs and gene conversion events. The cross-over process is important for the proper segregation of chromosomes during meiosis, and drives genetic diversity. Human hotspots are enriched for a 13-bp motif, CCNCCNTNNCCNC; a close match to this motif occurs in about 40% of our cross-over hotspots. A DNA binding protein called PRDM9, having histone trimethyltransferase (H3K4me3) activity, binds the motif and is becoming established as a major determinant of recombination hotspots (narrow regions with high cross-over activity). This research aimed to understand the mechanisms involved in promoting PRDM9 binding to its target sites, and subsequently, initiating cross-over hotspot activity. We first explored the relationship between PRDM9 binding and DNA sequence, to directly confirm whether PRDM9 binds to the 13-bp hotspot motif using in-vitro gel-shift assays, and found that it does bind sequence specifically to the canonical 13-mer motif. PRDM9 is able to bind the motif in a highly selective manner, with certain single base pair changes abolishing binding. However, we observe that it is also able to tolerate degeneracy in its binding sites, as demonstrated by strong in-vitro binding to degenerate versions of the 13-bp motif. Hence, these results confirmed that PRDM9 is able to directly bind to the 13-bp hotspot motifs, and given that it can also tolerate degeneracy, this raised the question of why PRDM9 is able to bind only a subset of all such potential binding sites in the genome. To address this, a ChIP-seq analysis was performed to identify genome wide binding sites for PRDM9. This information also helped us to characterise binding sites and investigate if factors such as the local chromatin environment play a role in specifying PRDM9 binding tar- gets and hotspot formation. We were able to identify over 170,000 PRDM9 binding sites in the genome. Surprisingly, these binding sites were also enriched in promoter regions, however, bound sites in these regulatory regions showed low recombination activity. We found that PRDM9 is able to confer the H3K4me3 mark on all bound sites, even those without a pre-existing H3K4me2 mark. We also investigated the role of other chromatin related marks on PRDM9 binding and found that binding occurs in chromatin accessible, but nucleosome rich regions, whereas heterochromatin regions tend to inhibit binding. Further, for hotspot formation, it was seen that less chromatin accessible, nucleosome dense regions away from transcribed sites, are preferred. Hotspots tend to avoid regions marked by transcription activating histone modifications, however, these regions do not appear to inhibit PRDM9 binding itself. These results show how PRDM9 binding in the genome is dependent on both primary DNA sequence and the surrounding epigenetic factors. Together these factors promote binding and, with additional downstream factors, positioning of hotspot locations in the human genome.

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Barth, Kathrin, Robert Bläsche, and Michael Kasper. "T1α/Podoplanin Shows Raft-Associated Distribution in Mouse Lung Alveolar Epithelial E10 Cells." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-137577.

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Aims: T1α/(podoplanin) is abundantly expressed in the alveolar epithelial type I cells (ATI) of rodent and human lungs. Caveolin-1 is a classical primary structural protein of plasmalemal invaginations, so-called caveolae, which represent specialized lipid rafts, and which are particularly abundant in ATI cells. The biological functions of T1α in the alveolar epithelium are unknown. Here we report on the characteristics of raft domains in the microplicae/microvillar protrusions of ATI cells, which contain T1α. Methods: Detergent resistant membranes (DRMs) from cell lysates of the mouse epithelial ATI-like cell line E10 were prepared using different detergents followed by flotation in a sucrose gradient and tested by Western and dot blots with raft markers (caveolin-1, GM1) and nonraft markers (transferrin receptor, PDI and β-Cop). Immunocytochemistry was employed for the localization of T1α in E10 cells and in situ in rat lungs. Results: Our biochemical results showed that the solubility or insolubility of T1α and caveolin-1 differs in Triton X-100 and Lubrol WX, two distinct non-ionic detergents. Caveolin-1 was unsoluble in both detergents, whereas T1α was Triton X-100 soluble but Lubrol WX insoluble. Immunofluorescence double stainings revealed that both proteins were colocalized with GM1, while caveolin-1 and T1α were not colocalized in the plasma membrane. Cholesterol depletion modified the segregation of T1α in Lubrol WX DRMs. Cellular processes in ultrathin sections of cultured mouse E10 cells were immunogold positive. Immunoelectron microscopy (postembedding) of rat lung tissue revealed the preferential localization of T1α on apical microvillar protrusions of ATI cells. Conclusion: We conclude that T1α and caveolin-1 are located in distinct plasma membrane microdomains, which differ in their protein-lipid interactions. The raft-associated distribution of T1α may have an impact on a specific, not yet clarified function of this protein in the alveolar epithelium
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich

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14

Barth, Kathrin, Robert Bläsche, and Michael Kasper. "T1α/Podoplanin Shows Raft-Associated Distribution in Mouse Lung Alveolar Epithelial E10 Cells." Karger, 2010. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27742.

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Aims: T1α/(podoplanin) is abundantly expressed in the alveolar epithelial type I cells (ATI) of rodent and human lungs. Caveolin-1 is a classical primary structural protein of plasmalemal invaginations, so-called caveolae, which represent specialized lipid rafts, and which are particularly abundant in ATI cells. The biological functions of T1α in the alveolar epithelium are unknown. Here we report on the characteristics of raft domains in the microplicae/microvillar protrusions of ATI cells, which contain T1α. Methods: Detergent resistant membranes (DRMs) from cell lysates of the mouse epithelial ATI-like cell line E10 were prepared using different detergents followed by flotation in a sucrose gradient and tested by Western and dot blots with raft markers (caveolin-1, GM1) and nonraft markers (transferrin receptor, PDI and β-Cop). Immunocytochemistry was employed for the localization of T1α in E10 cells and in situ in rat lungs. Results: Our biochemical results showed that the solubility or insolubility of T1α and caveolin-1 differs in Triton X-100 and Lubrol WX, two distinct non-ionic detergents. Caveolin-1 was unsoluble in both detergents, whereas T1α was Triton X-100 soluble but Lubrol WX insoluble. Immunofluorescence double stainings revealed that both proteins were colocalized with GM1, while caveolin-1 and T1α were not colocalized in the plasma membrane. Cholesterol depletion modified the segregation of T1α in Lubrol WX DRMs. Cellular processes in ultrathin sections of cultured mouse E10 cells were immunogold positive. Immunoelectron microscopy (postembedding) of rat lung tissue revealed the preferential localization of T1α on apical microvillar protrusions of ATI cells. Conclusion: We conclude that T1α and caveolin-1 are located in distinct plasma membrane microdomains, which differ in their protein-lipid interactions. The raft-associated distribution of T1α may have an impact on a specific, not yet clarified function of this protein in the alveolar epithelium.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

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Ten?rio, Junior Nelson Nunes. "Modelo E10 : um modelo para estimativas de esfor?o em manuten??o de software." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2010. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/5096.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:49:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 424178.pdf: 2045392 bytes, checksum: 9acc5658b98379a3bd5e14c747a952da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-30
A ind?stria de software investe montantes de dinheiro em busca da melhoria de seus produtos e servi?os. Atualmente, os clientes est?o cada vez mais exigentes e procuram f?bricas que possuam um rigoroso controle de qualidade. A qualidade ? medida por meio dos modelos de qualidades adotados, como CMMI, ISO, IEC, dentre outros. A exig?ncia dos clientes faz as organiza??es selarem contratos que medem o n?vel da qualidade de seus servi?os. Esses contratos prev?em como san??es pesadas multas. O cumprimento de prazos e custos ? uma das exig?ncias previstas nesse tipo de contrato. A base para que se cumpram prazos e custos ? a estimativa de esfor?o de desenvolvimento e, ap?s a entrega do produto, o esfor?o para a manuten??o do software. O desafio dos pesquisadores est? em apoiar a ind?stria de software com trabalhos na ?rea de estimativas que possam tornar as mesmas mais precisas. Al?m disso, as estimativas n?o devem onerar as equipes de software para n?o agregar mais custos aos projetos. Esta tese ? fruto de uma pesquisa realizada ao longo de quatro anos, dois dos quais atuando em um projeto de manuten??o de software pertencente a um grande banco governamental brasileiro. O projeto era mantido por uma f?brica de software parceira do Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia da Computa??o da Faculdade de Inform?tica da PUCRS. A pesquisa inspirou esta tese de doutorado que apresenta, como uma op??o para a ?rea de estimativas, um modelo de esfor?o em manuten??o de software. O modelo aqui apresentado apoia tanto a ind?stria de software como as pesquisas na ?rea de estimativas.

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Shabalin, Maxim N. "The logic of ballistic missile defence procurement in Japan (1994-2007) : from hedging through self-imposed restraints toward hedging from the position of military strength." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:73b6dc56-e10b-4bc4-abba-0abcd3a0d204.

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This thesis asks why Japan decided to procure BMD if it meant building an infrastructure which, because of its technological nature, had the potential to disrupt Japan’s preferred security strategy of hedging, that is, maintaining ambiguity of commitment, vis-à-vis China and the US. The investigation was divided into three parts dealing with the following questions – Why did Japan's BMD procurement matter? Who mattered? Why were the BMD and related decisions made? Such a structure of research was informed by “neoclassical realism,” according to which the relative material power of a country sets the parameters of its foreign policy, but the policy choices within these international constraints are made by political elites. A range of policymaking heuristics were used to investigate the domestic element of the approach. In addition to the conventionally specified policymaking actors such as MOD, MOFA, Prime Ministers, an original attempt was made to identify the possible influences of several elite networks. On the basis of the notes from the Japan-US Security Strategy Conference, two elite networks were analysed, namely the Japan’s Congressional National Security Research Group and Japan-US Centre for Peace and Cultural Exchange. It was concluded that they have probably had some influence on shaping Japan's BMD decisions. The conclusion of this research is that BMD was procured despite its disruptive potential because it was a tool of shifting Japanese policy from one hedging policy to another, that is, from one based on self-imposed restraints toward one exercised from the position of military strength. An analysis of international relations in East Asia in 1994-2007 and an analysis of the views of the security elites make Japan's transition toward a military strength-based hedging appear rational and confirm BMD's utility as a tool in this transition. Some negative consequences of a possible disruption to hedging, induced by BMD, can be contained exactly because of such a reformatting of hedging.

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Bayne, Ethan. "Accelerating digital forensic searching through GPGPU parallel processing techniques." Thesis, Abertay University, 2017. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/702de12a-e10b-4daa-8baf-c2c57a501240.

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Background: String searching within a large corpus of data is a critical component of digital forensic (DF) analysis techniques such as file carving. The continuing increase in capacity of consumer storage devices requires similar improvements to the performance of string searching techniques employed by DF tools used to analyse forensic data. As string searching is a trivially-parallelisable problem, general purpose graphic processing unit (GPGPU) approaches are a natural fit. Currently, only some of the research in employing GPGPU programming has been transferred to the field of DF, of which, a closed-source GPGPU framework was used— Complete Unified Device Architecture (CUDA). Findings from these earlier studies have found that local storage devices from which forensic data are read present an insurmountable performance bottleneck. Aim: This research hypothesises that modern storage devices no longer present a performance bottleneck to the currently used processing techniques of the field, and proposes that an open-standards GPGPU framework solution – Open Computing Language (OpenCL) – would be better suited to accelerate file carving with wider compatibility across an array of modern GPGPU hardware. This research further hypothesises that a modern multi-string searching algorithm may be better adapted to fulfil the requirements of DF investigation. Methods: This research presents a review of existing research and tools used to perform file carving and acknowledges related work within the field. To test the hypothesis, parallel file carving software was created using C# and OpenCL, employing both a traditional string searching algorithm and a modern multi-string searching algorithm to conduct an analysis of forensic data. A set of case studies that demonstrate and evaluate potential benefits of adopting various methods in conducting string searching on forensic data are given. This research concludes with a final case study which evaluates the performance to perform file carving with the best-proposed string searching solution and compares the result with an existing file carving tool— Foremost. Results: The results demonstrated from the research establish that utilising the parallelised OpenCL and Parallel Failureless Aho-Corasick (PFAC) algorithm solution demonstrates significantly greater processing improvements from the use of a single, and multiple, GPUs on modern hardware. In comparison to CPU approaches, GPGPU processing models were observed to minimised the amount of time required to search for greater amounts of patterns. Results also showed that employing PFAC also delivers significant performance increases over the BM algorithm. The method employed to read data from storage devices was also seen to have a significant effect on the time required to perform string searching and file carving. Conclusions: Empirical testing shows that the proposed string searching method is believed to be more efficient than the widely-adopted Boyer-Moore algorithms when applied to string searching and performing file carving. The developed OpenCL GPGPU processing framework was found to be more efficient than CPU counterparts when searching for greater amounts of patterns within data. This research also refutes claims that file carving is solely limited by the performance of the storage device, and presents compelling evidence that performance is bound by the combination of the performance of the storage device and processing technique employed.

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Cho, Moon Kyoung. "An investigation of Korean learners' difficulties in using English intonation to express emotion : perception and production." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:88311da2-e104-40cd-884b-7277a5bf16be.

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The present study investigated whether Korean English as a Foreign Language learners experience difficulties in using English intonation particularly to perceive and express emotion. The difficulties are examined in both perception and production of emotional intonations by comparing the differences in the emotional responses of Korean English as Foreign Language learners and native speakers to the presented emotional declarative sentences. Based on Core Affect theory, the construct of emotion was operationalised on a two-dimensional matrix: valence (positive vs. negative) and intensity (strong vs. weak). A combination of the Autosegmental Matrix Model and Hallidayâs tone models were adapted to analyse intonation patterns. The study conducted a three-phase data collection process: (a) Phase 1: conducting an emotion word rating survey, (b) Phase 2: conducting a production task, a brief stimulated interview, and a perception task for American undergraduate participants (c) Phase 3: conducting the same production task, stimulated recall task, and perception task for Korean students. The results of the current study provided empirical evidence that Korean English as Foreign language learners experience difficulties in using English intonation to express emotions. The results of this study showed that on the word perception level, Korean participants experienced a lesser degree of emotional valence when reading emotion words compared to the American group. Korean students also were less likely to recognise English prosodic cues as semantic components when they listen to emotional utterances. On the production level, Koreans also used a different parsing pattern and utilised a narrower range of pitch variations, which can contribute to diminishing the pragmatic force of their spoken messages. Korean students also tended to recall contexts that were less personal and specific when producing emotional utterances. All these aspects led to Korean students' pragmatic difficulties in communicating emotion in English. The study, therefore, calls attention to the need for the teaching of intonation patterns to express emotions, which in turn may help learners to take more ownership of using English for internal and emotional use.

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Vellani, Nina N. "Analyses of immediate early and early transcripts and major early region, E10, of murine cytomegalovirus." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/32374.

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Murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) is used as a biological model for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Latency, persistence and reactivation are same of the important aspects of the murine model that share analogies with human CMV infections. In order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms leading to these events, in-depth analyses of the murine model are required at the transcriptional level. During the MCMV replication cycle, there is a sequential expression of different regions of the viral genome, hence the transcripts are divided into three kinetic classes; the immediate early (IE), early (E) and late (L). This study presents the analyses of MCMV (Smith strain) transcripts of the major IE and E transcriptional units, and a more detail analysis of one of the major E regions, E10. The IE and E transcripts were studied by probing them with Ctoitplementary DNAs (cDNAs). The cDNAs were prepared from mRNA isolated from the IE and E phases of the viral replication cycle and cloned into the bacteriophage Lambda gt10. Ten E cDNAs were mapped to specific locations of the virus genome, and these represented transcripts from the major E regions in Hindlll fragments A, B, E, F, and I-J. Five E cDNAs, each representing a different major E region, and two IE cDNAs representing the major IE region, were applied as probes in one of the studies to determine the relative transcript levels during the course of infection of 3T3L1 fibroblast cells with MCMV. The major E transcriptional units were investigated further in a study where Northern blots of RNAs, isolated from different phases of the viral replication cycle, were probed with the five E cDNAs. This study revealed transcripts that were temporally regulated since they were present only during the E and usually L phases of the viral replication cycle. In addition, the quantities of these transcripts varied depending on the phase. However, all five cDNAs detected more than one transcript which indicates complex splicing events, overlapping genes, multiple initiation sites and/or the presence of gene(s) in the complementary DNA strand. One of the E cDNAs, E10, corresponding to a transcript from a major E region of Hindlll fragment I-J, was selected for further analysis. The E10 cDNA detected four transcripts of 9.5, 6.9, 4.7 and 2.1 kb in size, which were found to be transcribed from the same DNA strand. The DNA sequence of this E10 cDNA was determined and shown to contain 3223 nucleotides, however it lacked a polyadenylation signal and a poly A tract at the 3' end. The missing 3' terminus, designated as E10-A, was isolated using the polymerase chain reaction (PCJR) method and its DNA sequence of 1422 nucleotides was also determined. The combined sequence of E10 and E10-A (total of 4606 nucleotides) was designated as E10-C and is presented in this thesis. The E10-C cDNA (4.6kbp) most likely represents the 4.7 kb transcript. The E10-C cDNA sequence has one minor and one major open reading frame (ORF). The minor ORF is initiated by the first ATG triplet (nucleotide position 114) while the major ORF is initiated by the second triplet (nucleotide position 155). Since the sequence preceeding the second ATG triplet is in "good context" with regard to the translation initiation consensus sequence, it is most likely that the major ORF is translated. The major ORF (3600 bases) encodes a 1200 amino acid polypeptide, the putative E10 protein of approximately 135 kd in size. A protein close to that size was detected in one of the experiments in which RNAs, that were hybrid-selected by the E10 cDNA and eluted, were translated in vitro. The putative E10 protein lacks homology with any other protein in the data banks (SWISSPRT and GENPEPT). Portions of the viral genomic fragments Hindlll I and J were also sequenced to reveal the orientation of the gene coding for the E10 cDNA and its related transcripts.
Medicine, Faculty of
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of
Graduate

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Čásar, Ondřej. "Výpočet chování paliva reaktorů VVER programem FEMAXI-6." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-400560.

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The submitted master thesis deals with finding the right combination of models describing the cladding behavior implemented in the FEMAXI-6 computational code and then comparing it with the benchmark Zaporoshye, Novovoronezh and the modified FERMAXI 6 program with implemented models describing the E110 behavior used for VVER-type reactor fuel rods. Initially, there is a description of the FEMAXI-6 nuclear fuel analysis program including its structure, calculation mechanics and input file description. Furthermore, the work presents the benchmarks used to evaluate individual combinations of fuel models. An important part is the description of the PIE measurement, including measurement uncertainty, which can affect the results of the work. The next chapter contains a description of what affects fuel behavior during irradiation, which can be mathematically expressed and modeled. The following chapter describes the material equations defining the E110 alloy used as cladding of the fuel rods and which were subsequently implemented into the FEMAXI-6 computing program. The last chapter is devoted to the description of the results with appropriate comments.

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Stiassny, Alfred, and Christina Uhl. "Does Elderly Employment have an Impact on Youth Employment? A General Equilibrium Approach." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4246/1/wp178.pdf.

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Does an increase of elderly employment cause a decline in youth employment? A simplified view of a demand driven economy would give a positive answer to this question. Econometric studies based on a single equation approach deliver little support for this belief. However, these studies typically suffer from identification problems to which no attention is paid in most cases. We therefore use a general equilibrium framework when trying to quantify these effects. Using yearly and quarterly Austrian labor and gdp data, we estimate two model variants by Bayesian methods: a) a standard equilibrium model where the degree of complementarity between old, young and primary labor is crucial for the sign and strength of the relevant effects and b) a simple, solely demand driven model which always leads to a crowding out of young through an increase in employment of the old. It turned out that the demand driven model is inferior in fitting the data compared to the standard model. Further, the degree of complementarity is estimated to be strong enough to lead to a small positive effect of elderly employment on youth employment. (authors' abstract)
Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

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Alexander, Mattsson. "Engine stability : A study of the events occurring prior to thecombustion in a small two-stroke engine." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-34225.

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This thesis is a study conducted in collaboration with the engine performance group atHusqvarna AB. The study focuses on engine stability of smaller two stroke handheld enginesrunning on E10 (10% ethanol mixture in gasoline). The reason for the study is the new EUproposition that by 2020 all fuel must have 10 % renewable fuel content. To meet thisproposition Husqvarna has evaluated E10 and found that the engine stability of smaller twostroke engines are affected in a negative way by the fuel.The study focuses on events occurring prior to the combustion and mainly the carburetor. Theobjective for the thesis is to seek what contribution the events occurring prior to thecombustion have to the engine stability and find simple and implantable solution to improvethe stability with regards to the carburetor.The study has been conducted in three different work packages, system understanding to buildknowledge of how the carburetor operates, fault finding to seek potential attributes that canaffect the stability and fault mode analysis to seek why the attributes affect the stability.Furthermore, all the attributes found has been tested and validated on the engine to seek theircontribution to the stability.The conclusion made of the thesis is that with simple and implementable improvements of thecarburetor the engine stability could be increased with 40 %. A total of five differentattributes were found to affect the stability of the engine. Furthermore, a very detailedexplanation of how the carburetor operates and components inside the carburetor has beenestablished during the thesis.

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Wehinger, Gert D. "Exchange rate-based stabilization. Pleasant monetary dynamics?" Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1997. http://epub.wu.ac.at/356/1/document.pdf.

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High inflation economies have ultimately been successful in stabilising their prices using the exchange rate as a nominal anchor. Besides stabilization, these recent examples have shown boom-recession cycles, contrary to what can be expected from (pure) money-based stabilizations. Various theoretical explanations of such boom-cycles are discussed and a model of aggregate supply and demand generating such an outcome is developed. There the boom dynamics depend mainly on a slump in real interest rates and wage flexibility. (author's abstract)
Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

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Le, Floch Jean-Michel. "Modélisation de nouveaux résonateurs diélectriques à fort coefficient de qualité pour des applications de métrologie." Limoges, 2007. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/dce4dfe5-e130-4125-a6e3-283544f6daa0/blobholder:0/2007LIMO4059.pdf.

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Ces travaux de recherche s’inscrivent dans le cadre de l’utilisation des résonateurs diélectriques à fort coefficient de qualité pour des applications de test de physique fondamentale et de métrologie. Les progrès technologiques récents dans la fabrication de nouveaux matériaux diélectriques ont permis l’utilisation de résonateurs diélectriques dans de nouvelles applications. Ainsi, un nouvel outil de simulation électromagnétique, utilisant la méthode des lignes, est décrit dans le premier chapitre, afin de caractériser ces structures résonantes. Dans les chapitres 3 et 4, deux applications de résonateurs diélectriques à effet Bragg dans deux topologies différentes sont présentées. Dans un cinquième chapitre, un logiciel en C++ pour l’acquisition automatique des données par port GPIB est présenté. Le sixième chapitre est consacré au résonateur diélectrique sphérique à mode de galerie pour une application de filtrage et de test de physique fondamentale. Le septième et dernier chapitre est dédié à la mesure de la stabilité d’un oscillateur bi-mode à température ambiante
These research works have been done in order to use high-Q dielectric resonators for tests of fundamental Physics and metrology applications. Recent technical improvements in the manufacturing of new dielectric materials allowed them to be introduced into new applications. Thus, a new electromagnetic simulation tool, using the Method of Lines, is described in the first chapter in order to characterize resonant structures. In the chapters 3 and 4, two applications of dielectric resonators using Bragg effect in two different topologies has been presented. In a fifth chapter, a program in C++ for automatic data acquisition by GPIB has been presented. The sixth chapter is devoted to a spherical dielectric resonator using whispering galerie mode to be used as a filter and to participate for a Michelson-Morley experiment (Test of Fundamental Physics). The seventh chapter is dedicated to a stability measurement of a dual mode oscillator at room temperature

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Akhdar, Oussama. "Conception d'une méthode de déconvolution pour l'estimation des angles d'arrivée sur une antenne : Application au sondage spatio-temporel du canal de propagation." Limoges, 2009. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/596a9344-e103-4ea0-b609-44fa032ba0d3/blobholder:0/2009LIMO4028.pdf.

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Ce mémoire a porté sur l’étude et la mise en oeuvre d’un sondeur spatio-temporel pour la caractérisation du canal radio. Tout d'abord, une étude bibliographique a été dédiée à la caractérisation du milieu de propagation et aux différentes techniques de mesure spatio-temporelle envisageables, en citant les méthodes de traitements associées. Une méthode originale pour la caractérisation spatiale a été conçue mettant en oeuvre un nouvel algorithme basé sur la rotation d’une antenne et en utilisant un procédé de déconvolution associé. La mise en place de cette méthode a permis d’effectuer un sondage spatial du canal de propagation avec une simple antenne patch présentant une ouverture angulaire à -3 dB de 70°. Par la suite, cette méthode de caractérisation spatiale développée a été couplée à une technique de mesure temporelle (corrélation glissante) permettant ainsi le sondage spatio-temporel du canal de propagation. Les mesures effectuées ont ensuite permis d’intégrer la réponse spatio-temporelle sur des simulateurs de transmission numérique afin de réaliser des simulations réalistes du canal de propagation. L’ensemble des résultats obtenus lors des sondages effectués constitue le point de départ d’autres campagnes de mesures plus exhaustives afin d’aboutir à des modèles de canaux spatiotemporels réalistes
This thesis focused on the study and implementation of a spatio-temporal sounder and dealt with the characterization of the radio channel. Firstly, the propagation phenomena are recalled and a state of the art on the different spatial-temporal measurement techniques and their corresponding processing methods is presented. An original method for spatial characterization is designed, implementing a new algorithm based on the antenna rotation and corresponding deconvolution procedure. The application of this method allowed us achieving a spatial sounding of a propagation channel using a patch antenna with 70° of radiation beam width. The developed spatial measurement technique is later associated to a temporal measurement technique (sliding correlation), leading to a spatio-temporal channel sounding. The achieved measurements allowed us integrating the channel response in a numerical transmission simulator in order to perform realistic simulations of the propagation channel. The set of different results, obtained during the sounding, establish a starting point for another set of more intensive measurements, leading to realistic models of spatio-temporal channels

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Bennesved, Peter. "The Road in the Park : Ideology and State power during the 20th century seen through Maps of the Swedish subarctic Abisko." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-86908.

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The scope of this thesis is to show how the use of maps in political and scientific arguments functions as a mediator between ideological discourse and the physical landscape. This is done by studying three maps displaying the same geographical region but from different times and with different motifs. The maps were studied by operationalizing the French Sociologist Bruno Latour’s concept of immu-table mobiles into a methodological toolset.The thesis shows that the cartographic tradition of the Swedish state throughout the 20th century func-tioned as an immutable mobile that ideological actors could use to form political or scientific argu-ments. An almost trivial point to make. However, the problem is the great distance between state and the place, which in this case is about 1400 kilometers. Thus, the map allows a remote power relation-ship. As the state-owned immutable mobiles were extracted, they were interpreted by the politicians and scientists ideological perspectives. The ideological interpretations were then used in government propositions and reports and thus resulted in actual political decisions that affected the physical land-scape.The creation of Abisko National Park is one example of how this process can look. The park was instigated with a specific set of political goals to be achieved. The political and scientific actors used the immutable mobile that is the map and formed a proposition with it. The act of instigating and upholding the Abisko Valley as a national park is thus a manifestation of both state presence, its supremacy over territory as well as its contemporary ideological context. Moreover, it would be im-possible to instigate a park without the use of maps to define its borders. The planning and ratification of Transnational Road 98 can be seen as another example of the same thing, but with a different contemporary ideology as background.The thesis results in an explanation about what the maps role is in a stately place making process. Additionally the thesis shows what happens over time as different ideological embodiments in the landscape conflict with each other because of their different visions of how the landscape should be used and by whom.
Uppsatsens syfte är att försöka hur kartor fungerar som en länk mellan politisk diskurs och det fysiska landskapet. Detta görs genom att studera tre kartor som avbildar samma område men vid olika tidpunkter och med olika motiv. Kartorna studeras genom en operationalisering av den franske sociologen Bruno Latour’s teori om ’immutable mobiles’.Uppsatsen visar att den statliga kartografiska verksamheten under 1900-talet i Sverige producerade immutable mobiles som sedan kunde avläsas av aktörer och som i sin tur kunde använda dem för att understödja deras politiska och vetenskapliga argument. En tillsynes trivial poäng. Problemet är dock avståndet i mellan den centraliserade makten och platsen som i detta fallet är ca 1400 kilometer. Kartorna möjliggör alltså en maktrelation trots det stora avståndet. Allt eftersom de statligt ägda kartorna var hämtade, tolkades de av aktörernas ideologiska perspektiv. Dessa tolkningar låg sedan till grund för politiska beslut som sedan resulterade i faktiska ingrepp i landskapet.Formerandet av Abisko nationalpark används i uppsatsen som ett exempel på hur denna process fungerar. Parken skapades med ett specifikt set av ideologiska motiv. De politiska aktörerna använde statliga kartor för att utforma sin proposition. Formerandet av parken är således en manifestation av både statlig närvaro, statlig kontroll över landskapet och ett ideologiskt artefakt. Det vore därtill omöjligt att skapa parken utan en karta för att definiera dess gränser. Planerandet och konstruerandet av mellanriksväg 98 mellan Kiruna och Narvik har analyserats på ett liknande sätt, dock med en annan ideologisk bakgrund.Uppsatsen resulterar i en möjlig förklaring till vad kartorna har för roll i en statlig platsskapande och landskapsförändrande process. Vidare så försöker uppsatsen förklara hur olika ideologiska tolkningar av landskapet kan hamna i konflikt med varandra över tid på grund av inkompatibla ideologiska motiv.

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Wehinger, Gert D. "Are exchange rate-based stabilisations expansionary? Theoretical considerations and the Brazilian case." Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1997. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1744/1/document.pdf.

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High inflation economies, especially the Latin American cases like Argentina and Brazil, have ultimately been successful in stabilising their prices using the exchange rate as a nominal anchor. Contrary to conventional wisdom inflation in these cases has not been reduced at the cost of temporary recessions, instead, they have shown positive output effects. Various theoretical explanations of such boom-cycles are discussed and a model generating such an outcome is developed. Some empirical evidence is given by the Brazilian "Real Plan" of 1994. Nevertheless, the medium and long-term effects of such programmes can result in recessions and a resumption of high inflation, although the cases show that such "postponed stabilisation costs" can be overcome by adequate and flexible supply-side policies accompanying the stabilisation programme. (author's abstract)
Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

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Aliaga, López Rolando Abrao. "Evaluación comparativa del consumo de combustible e índice de emisiones de un vehículo liviano funcionando con dos mezclas de gasolina y etanol (E7,8 y E10) en Lima Metropolitana." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/7368.

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En el presente trabajo de tesis, se realizó un análisis de evaluación comparativa del consumo de combustible e índices de emisiones de un vehículo liviano funcionando con dos mezclas de gasolina y etanol (E7,8 y E10) en Lima Metropolitana. El vehículo, de marca Hyundai modelo Santa Fe, fue instrumentado e implementado adecuadamente mediante un único sistema de adquisición de datos para obtener un registro en tiempo real del consumo de aire de admisión de motor, las emisiones de gases de escape, la distancia recorrida y la velocidad del vehículo, y las condiciones ambientales durante las pruebas. La campaña experimental se desarrolló en dos circuitos de conducción urbana en Lima Metropolitana: circuito en condiciones de tráfico y circuito a velocidad constante. Las pruebas fueron realizadas en un periodo aproximado de dos semanas, tratando de asemejar las condiciones de operación: hora de inicio, carga del vehículo, presión de neumáticos entre otros. De los resultados obtenidos en condiciones de tráfico, se constató que el consumo de combustible prácticamente no fue alterada al incrementar el contenido de etanol en el gasohol comercial (E7,8). En cambio, para el circuito a velocidad constante, el consumo de combustible aumentó en 11,2 % al incrementar el contenido de etanol. Con respecto a los índices de emisiones calculados (g/km) en condiciones de tráfico, estos presentaron una mejora en reducción al usar E10 bajo condiciones de tráfico, ya que con E10 se obtuvo un índice de emisión de 91,71 mg/km de NOX, 208,70 mg/km de HC, 14.24 g/km de CO y 273,80 g/km de CO2, mientras que utilizando E7,8 el vehículo emitió 102,61 mg/km de NOX, 232,44 mg/km de HC, 15,00 g/km de CO y 277,74 de CO2. El consumo de combustible promedio (km/L) y todos los índices de emisiones (g/km) disminuyeron, significativamente, indiferente del tipo de combustible (E7,8 o E10), en condiciones a velocidad promedio constante respecto a condiciones de tráfico. Finalmente, el estudio concluye que el E10 representa una alternativa económicamente y ambientalmente viable debido a los resultados de desempeño y emisiones obtenidas en el presente estudio.
Tesis

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Puma, Corbacho Solin Epifanio. "Evaluación del consumo de combustible y emisiones de un vehículo liviano funcionando con dos mezclas de gasolina y etanol (E7, 8 y E10) bajo condiciones de manejo en Cusco y Lima Metropolitana." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/7076.

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El presente trabajo de tesis realiza un análisis de la evaluación del consumo de combustible y emisiones de dos vehículos livianos, marca Kia Rio y motor de encendido por chispa, funcionando con dos mezclas de gasolina y etanol (E7,8 y E10). Uno de los vehículos transitó en Lima Metropolitana, mientras que el otro en la ciudad del Cusco. Ambos vehículos fueron instrumentados adecuadamente, para obtener un registro de las emisiones y trayectoria del circuito de conducción. Además, se obtuvo el valor promedio del consumo de combustible. Las pruebas fueron realizadas en diferentes días y horas. Con los resultados obtenidos durante los ensayos, tanto en Lima Metropolitana y Cusco, se puede inferir que el consumo de combustible aumenta de acuerdo al tráfico de la ciudad (+15%) y la altitud de la zona (+17,8%). Del mismo modo, mientras más se aumente el contenido de etanol a la mezcla, el consumo de combustible sufre un ligero incremento de 18%; ya que el etanol, a diferencia de la gasolina, posee un poder calorífico inferior; en tal sentido, el motor necesitará un mayor consumo de combustible para desarrollar la misma potencia. Con respecto a las emisiones gaseosas expulsadas por el vehículo, se observa un aumento de CO (+60%) y HC (+80%) debido a las condiciones de tráfico y un mayor consumo de combustible. Por otro lado, el incremento de etanol en la mezcla de combustible influyó que las emisiones de CO presentaran un descenso; caso contrario sucedió que las emisiones de NOX se incrementaran ligeramente. De igual forma, el efecto de altitud provocó menores emisiones de CO, NOX y HC en gramos por kilómetro, ya que en Cusco el porcentaje de oxígeno disminuye a 67% en volumen de aire a causa de la presión atmosférica que cae a 67,2 atm. Finalmente, las emisiones de CO2 no sufrieron mucha influencia por el aumento de etanol, ni por efecto de la altura.
Tesis

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30

Richard, Yolande. "Hétérogénéité des lymphocytes B humains : multiplicité des signaux de compétence et de progression." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066601.

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Ryanna, Kimuli Barbara Wasonga. "Pharmacological induction of IL-10 regulatory cells in allergy and asthma." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2017. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/pharmacological-induction-of-il10-regulatory-cells-in-allergy-and-asthma(d01c2632-e10a-4b6d-91f8-966c004b6a77).html.

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Allergic and asthmatic disease is highly prevalent in the UK, however current treatments such as steroids, although effective in many individuals, only relieve disease symptoms, and do not provide long-lasting relief. Allergen immunotherapy can provide long-term alleviation of disease symptoms however is only effective in a proportion of patients, carries significant risk of adverse side effects and needs to be given over a prolonged period of time, often several years, for maximal efficacy. Allergic disease is associated not only with a type 2 adaptive immune response, but also impairment of regulatory T cell function. Allergen immunotherapy is associated with skewing of allergen-specific Th2 responses towards an IL-10 phenotype, suggesting that plasticity of this T cell lineage occurs in vivo. Work from our lab has shown that steroids such as dexamethasone, although non-specific in action, augment IL-10 synthesis by CD4+ T cells, a response that is enhanced by vitamin D. The major focus of this thesis was to assess whether established human CD4+ Th2 cell lines could be deviated towards an IL-10+ profile by dexamethasone and 1α25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and whether these agents might therefore represent appropriate adjuvants to boost the antigen-specific effects of immunotherapy. Combined drug treatment of established Th2 cell lines increased Foxp3+ expression although these cells were not inhibitory in an in vitro assay of suppression. In contrast Th2 cells co-cultured with dexamethasone, 1α25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and IL-10 over a 2-week period deviated towards an IL-10+ phenotype as assessed by qPCR and flow cytometry. Analysis of TCR-Vβ receptor usage suggested this did not represent clonal outgrowth. These cells exhibited strong suppression of Th2 cells in vitro, although this was unexpectedly not reversed by addition of neutralizing antibodies to IL-10 or TGFβ to the cell culture. Analysis of several genes previously identified to be upregulated in freshly isolated CD4+ T cells cultured with dexamethasone and 1a25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 did not reveal comparable expression by Th2-deviated IL-10+ T cells. A transcriptional gene expression array was therefore performed in order to search for biomarkers of these deviated cells and clues as to suppressive mechanisms by which they inhibit Th2 cells proliferation. Genes identified to be of interest included PDCD1LG2, BTLA and several granzymes. Granzyme expression was subsequently validated by qPCR. Severe asthma is associated not only with Th2, but also Th17 cells, therefore the capacity of 1α25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and dexamethasone to deviate Th17-associated cytokine production was also assessed. Dexamethasone failed, and indeed could enhance IL-17A synthesis in cultures of CD4+ T cells, which may contribute to severe steroid refractory asthma. 1α25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibited IL-17A synthesis in a glucocorticoid-independent manner. This work demonstrates that calcitriol and dexamethasone can be used in vitro to manipulate T cell plasticity to skew effector phenotypes towards more regulatory phenotypes. This has the potential to tailor and further develop therapeutic allergen specific regimens in vivo.

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Huckvale, Leo. "Difference imaging analysis for VISTA variables in the Vía Láctea." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/difference-imaging-analysis-for-vista-variables-in-the-via-lctea(99cb8c66-e104-488f-95db-100c521a7e17).html.

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The VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea survey is a multi-epoch, near-infrared (NIR) search for RR Lyrae stars, which trace the structure and evolutionary history of the Galactic Bulge. To measure accurate light-curves for these and other variable sources in the crowded fields of the Bulge, we have built a pipeline to perform difference imaging analysis (DIA) on VVV data. This is the first time DIA has been carried out with a large-scale NIR survey, which presents certain specific challenges such as the large pixel scales and high variable background. This thesis begins with an investigation into the wider problem of reference image selection for DIA. Through this study, we found that an alternative formulation of traditional DIA - Target Image Convolution - yields better results for VVV. This technique is employed in the core image subtraction engine for the VVV DIA pipeline. This work also details the pipelines for carrying out calibration, period-finding and Fourier modelling on the light-curves of DIA sources, as well as for obtaining their dereddened NIR magnitudes and colours. To validate the pipelines, the magnitude calibration is checked against another NIR survey (in the most challenging Galactic centre field) and analysis results are crosschecked against the OGLE-IV catalogue of RR Lyrae (in a low-extinction region of the Galactic bulge). Both studies are used to determine the efficacy of the existing pipeline and identify areas for improvement. DIA generally shows a significant improvement over existing aperture photometry. Using the NIR properties of VVV DIA counterparts to the OGLE-IV RR Lyrae, we demonstrate that it is possible to identify new variables with this pipeline, including RR Lyrae.

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McFeeters, Ashleigh. "The news media representation of female ex-combatants in Northern Ireland and Sri Lanka." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2018. https://pure.qub.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-news-media-representation-of-female-excombatants-in-northern-ireland-and-sri-lanka(b5a5dc69-e120-4748-9232-24e505b4dd2c).html.

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This thesis investigates newspaper representations of female ex-combatants in the divided societies of Northern Ireland and Sri Lanka from 2009 until 2015. The news media communicate information which is used by news consumers to construct their versions of reality, thus news media characterisation is a crucial component of study in post-conflict societies, especially when most academic research focuses on the news media and conflict, rather than post-conflict. Female ex-combatants are a vital ingredient in conflict transformation, due to the mainstreaming of gender which is advocated by international bodies such as the United Nations (UN); and the involvement ex-combatants is believed to contribute to a robust peace. The newspapers in Northern Ireland and Sri Lanka are divided and analogous to the dichotomous ethno-national groups of each society, thus, the aims of this study were to compare how the newspapers represent female ex-combatants within each case, and between each case; and to theorise the reasons behind, and implications of, such portrayals. This thesis shows that in Northern Ireland, the highest proportion of articles about female ex-combatants is negative, whereas in Sri Lanka the highest proportion is positive. In Northern Ireland, female ex-combatants are associated with the Troubles and the past; and they are paired with victims of the conflict. In Sri Lanka, the women are depicted alongside rehabilitation and their contribution to the future of Sri Lanka. In both cases, the women are represented using gendered stereotypes, and this is particularly pronounced in the low level of direct speech attributed to the women in the news articles. The purpose of this thesis is to provide evidence of how female ex-combatants are represented in the news media, and to hold the news media to account over partisan and sexist reporting.

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34

Mcdermott, Luke. "An investigation of the spatial semantics of Chiapas Zoque, a Mixe-Zoquean language of southern Mexico." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-investigation-of-the-spatial-semantics-of-chiapas-zoque-a-mixezoquean-language-of-southern-mexico(9bcf12c9-e180-45a3-a09e-1854ac582a24).html.

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In this thesis, I investigate the linguistic resources and strategies used to describe spatial concepts such as location orientation and motion in the variety of Chiapas Zoque (CZ; Mixe-Zoquean) spoken in the southern Mexican town of Ocotepec, Chiapas. This inves- tigation is the first of its kind for a Mixe-Zoquean language and represents a significant increase in the descriptive analysis of Chiapas Zoque, which can reasonably be described as an under-documented language. One of three principle focuses of this investigation is the semantics of motion roots in CZ. To this end it was found that change of location relative to a reference location/object is encoded exclusively within a paradigm of 12 verbal roots all of which have punctual, change of state-like semantics. Furthermore, two of these roots are identified as encoding what Levinson and Wilkins (2006) have termed a change of locative relation, as a result of which they do not entail the motion of their absolutive argument. The second key theme of my investigation is the use and con- ceptual structure of the linguistic frames of reference (FoRs) used by speakers of CZ in Ocotepec. A notable feature in this area of investigation is the di culty of categorising the slope-based FoR used in Ocotepec according to the system of classification proposed by the MesoSpace project (see O'Meara and Perez Baez (2011) for an overview). Specifi- cally, its conceptual structure suggests that the absolute and geomorphic FoRs represent two ends of a conceptual continuum. Finally, I have provided a first detailed discus- sion of the phenomenon of extrinsic FoRs that can not feature in locative statements in which a Ground is linguistically encoded and must therefore appear in Groundless locative statements when being used to locate a Figure. I argue that these represent an alternative strategy for expressing descriptions of location featuring extrinsic FoRs. I also propose that a class of locative statement that has previously been classified as examples of the direct (egocentric, intrinsic) FoR are in fact Groundless instances of the relative (egocentric, extrinsic) FoR.

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35

Arthanari, Yamini. "Study of cellular delivery of siRNA and shRNA targeting bcr-abl in chronic myeloid leukemia using Tat derived peptide." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/study-of-cellular-delivery-of-sirna-and-shrna-targeting-bcrabl-in-chronic-myeloid-leukemia-using-tat-derived-peptide(b5d29b05-e140-4e85-a411-9e6ac40d3541).html.

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Chronic Myeloid Leukemia is characterised by the formation of a fusion gene bcr-abl. The gene product BCR-ABL has deregulated tyrosine kinase activity that plays a direct role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Recently, use of siRNA in leukaemic cells has led to effective gene silencing of bcr-abl. Gene delivery systems like viral vectors, electroporation and lipid based vectors have showed varying efficiencies but are limited by their level of toxicity and immunogenicity. Developments in the field of Cell Penetrating Peptides have shown effective cellular uptake of nucleic acids and proteins by the CPPs in vitro and in vivo. Report from our lab has shown the use of CPP Tat along with membrane active peptide LK15 to improve the transfection efficiency of both Tat and LK15 peptides individually. Hence, this study will focus on the use of Tat-LK15 peptide to study the delivery of siRNA and shRNA plasmid in K562 cells and observe the BCR-ABL protein expression. Cellular uptake studies using Tat-LK15 based complexes of Cy5-labelled DNA and siRNA showed a concentration dependent uptake leading to increase in percentage transfected cells. Tat-LK15 based DNA complexes achieved 80% transfected cells (charge ratio of 2:1) while siRNA complexes resulted in a maximum of 60% (charge ratio of 3:1). However, Lipofectamine based DNA complexes did not show a concentration dependent increase in percentage transfected cells. Interestingly, Tat-LK15 based siRNA complexes showed a similar level of uptake and percentage transfected cells as that of Lipofectamine based siRNA complexes. Cellular uptake studies using confocal microscopy 4 hours post transfection, showed that when 1μg of DNA was transfected, the labelled DNA was primarily localised on the cell membrane. Interestingly, using 5μg of DNA led to increased intracellular localisation of the labelled DNA, but this observation was not made with Lipofectamine based complexes. The observation at 24 hours post transfection of Tat-LK15/labelled DNA complexes was of higher intensity when compared to that of Lipofectamine based DNA complexes. The reason for this is however not known. Interestingly, the cellular uptake profile using siRNA based complexes was different. At 4 hours post transfection, there was intracellular localisation of labelled siRNA. 24 hours post transfection, there was diffuse cytoplasmic localisation using lower concentration of siRNA whereas using higher concentration led to more high intensity punctate localisations within the cell. Similar observations were made for both Tat-LK15 and Lipofectamine based siRNA complexes.Gene silencing studies of Tat-LK15/shRNA plasmid complex resulted in 80% reduction in protein levels 96 hours post transfection for higher concentrations of shRNA plasmid treated. Similar level of reduction in BCR-ABL was observed with Lipofectamine based complex. Supporting evidence of reduction in mRNA levels was observed using qRT-PCR 48 hours post transfection. However, Tat-LK15/shRNA plasmid complexes led to around 80% of protein reduction 192 hours post transfection while Lipofectamine based complexes resulted in only 40% of protein reduction. Transfection using increasing concentrations of siRNA complexed to Tat-LK15 and Lipofectamine led to greater than 70% reduction in protein levels for most concentration ranges tested. This reduction in protein levels lasted only 48 hours post transfection. In conclusion, Tat-LK15 peptide could be used for shRNA plasmid and siRNA based delivery and could offer an efficient gene delivery model for studying RNAi.

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YANG, ZHI-KAI, and 楊智凱. "Effect of E10 Fuel on Single Cylinder Gasoline Engine." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/h6y8wj.

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碩士
南臺科技大學
機械工程系
107
The use of biofuels can alleviate the urgency of the oil crisis. The world's largest auto market, the second largest locomotive market, China announced that 2020 will fully replace E10 (90% gasoline, 10% ethanol) with gasoline, which can reduce the import of oil and the stock of digested soybeans. This study applies E10 fuel to traditional single-cylinder four-stroke gasoline engines, optimizing ignition angle, air-fuel ratio, and compression ratio. Exploring engine performance, fuel consumption, emissions and combustion efficiency, this experiment analyzes experimental data in both full load and partial load directions. At full load, CR9.6E10 is optimized to have similar performance to RON95, CO and HC emissions are less than RON95. And better in combustion speed and combustion stability. In addition, the engine performance can be improved after increasing the compression ratio. CO and HC are also superior to RON95.On partial load CR11.9E10 has better performance and fuel consumption than the original engine, but the emission pollution is higher than the original engine.

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Lambert, Jennifer. "Pulsed Biosparging of the E10 Gasoline Source in the Borden Aquifer." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4106.

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Air sparging is a technique used to remediate gasoline contamination. In sparging, air is injected below the target zone and removes contamination via two separate mechanisms; volatilization and biodegradation. In volatilization, the air contacts the contamination as it moves upward. The contaminant will partition to the vapor phase based on its volatility and will be removed as the air reaches the atmosphere. For biodegradation, the oxygen in the airstream is used for microbial activity. Pulsed air sparging, otherwise known as pulsed biosparging, has been found to be more effective than continuous air sparging. Pulsed biosparging enhances treatment because it induces groundwater movement and mixing. The general mechanisms for treatment of gasoline sources using air sparging are relatively well characterized. However, air flow through the subsurface and the total hydrocarbon mass lost are difficult to predict and quantify. This project was intended to quantify the mass lost through volatilization and through biodegradation at the E10 gasoline source using pulsed biosparging, and to determine the effect of the source zone removal on downgradient dissolved BTEX concentrations. The remedial system consisted of two major components: the air sparging system, with three injection points; and a soil gas collection system. The soil gas collection system was comprised of an airtight box that covered the source area and the monitoring wells upgradient and downgradient of the source. Off-gas from the soil gas collection system was monitored continuously using a PID. The off-gas was also sampled frequently for BTEX, pentane, and hexane to determine the hydrocarbon mass removed; and for O2 and CO2 to determine biodegradation rates. The remedial system ran for approximately 280 hours over 33 days. Of the estimated 22.3 kg of gasoline residual in the source zone, 4.6 kg or 21% of the residual was removed via volatilization and 4.9 kg or 22% of the residual was removed via biodegradation. Leakage outside the system was estimated at less than 0.1% of the total mass. Groundwater samples were collected when the last sparged air was calculated to arrive at the row 2 downgradient fence. The average BTEX groundwater concentration after sparging was 40% of the pre-sparging concentration. The benzene mass discharge decreased 27%, the ethylbenzene mass discharge decreased 65%, the p/m-xylene mass discharge decreased 6%, and the o-xylene mass discharge decreased 5%. The mass discharge for naphthalene and TMB isomers increased 19%. However, these values fit in with long-term groundwater concentration trends. Additional sampling is recommended to determine if the sparging made a significant impact on mass discharge leaving the source.

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Cheng, Yuan-He, and 鄭元賀. "A Study of the Risk Management for Taiwan Railway Administration – using EMU500 and E1000 as examples." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/n6698f.

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碩士
逢甲大學
運輸科技與管理學系
102
According to the recent policy of Taiwan Railway Administration (TRA), the interval between traditional railway stations will be shorten in urban area. This polity is to make traditional railway function like Mass Rapid Transit (MRT). Thus carrying capacity of the traditional railway becomes critical, and the carrying capacity is affected by the utility rate of the TRA trains. Right now, E1000 (Push-Pull Electric Locomotive) and EMU500(Electric Multiple Unit) are the major trains running for TRA. If these two types of train malfunction would seriously damage TRA’s transporting capacity. This study investigated both E1000 and EMU500’s improvement performance by using statistical analysis, questionnaire survey, and Deming Cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Action, PDCA). We run a risk metrics of E1000 and EMU500 based on the data from the Railway Safety Committee(RSC), the metrics show a gradually reducing malfunction probability of both trains. The study also shows that the major improvements of E1000 in Vaccum Circuit Breaker Trip, Air Brake Release Failure, Power Supply System Fault, and of EMU500 in Static Inverter Fault, Main Air Compressor, Bearing Seizure, Main Transformer Fault, and Power Supply System Fault. However, after years of effort, there are still improvements should be made in E1000 for its Power-Stop, Bearing Seizure, Pantograph Rise Failure, and Main Air Compressor Fault; EMU500 for its Power-Stop, Vacuum Circuit Breaker Trip, Pantograph Rise Failure, and Air Brake Release Failure. The results show that the major improving measure should be taken (1) to improve the quality of mechanical parts, (2) to implement the equipment/part’s life cycle management and (3) to strengthen the maintenance skill of the technicians. We can effectively reduce E1000 and EMU500’s malfunction rate. This study also shows the lack of manpower and repairing material are two major problems for TRA. If TRA wants to reduce the E1000 failures, it shall (1) replace motor and (2) change power GTO to IGBT. As for EMU, TRA shall (1) replace 79 core, Anti-Skid Valve, motor, (2) change SIV-GTO to SIV-IGBT, and (3) change power GTO to IGBT immediately.

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Chiu, Yi-Chin, and 邱宜慶. "The Study on the Effect of Ignition Timing to SI Engine Performance with E10 Ethanol-gasoline Fue." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/j3uaa2.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
車輛工程系所
94
In this study use E10 blended fuel on fuel injection system of modern electronic controlled engine with no modification on engine parts.The control variables are based on the engine revolution speed、specific load and ignition timing ,then brake specific fuel consumption、Max. power and torque、throttle position rate、CO、HC and CO2 emissions are the measurements for the experiment results. The experimental results demonstrated that increase MBT by 1 degree can have the lowest BSFC at partial load, With increasing revolution speed and load of engine , it would be better to advance by 3 degrees ,however the pollution discharge would receive complete effect if advancing by 0 degree at the full load；the concentration of CO and HC output would be minimized by increasing 5 degrees.

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Chu, Ta-Chiang, and 朱大江. "The study on the effect of fuel adaptation to SI engine performance with E10 ethanol-gasoline fuel." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63znrn.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
車輛工程系所
94
In the study, the E10 ethanol-gasoline fuel which is applied on port injection electronic control engine is under the load at 1500 rpm and 2500 rpm respectively to proceed the experiment of engine performance and to investigate the effect of Brake Specific Fuel Consumption, Torque, Power, Drivability as well as exhaust emission in different fuel adaptation. Experimental results demonstrated that using E10 ethanol-gasoline fuel influenced obviously by the lower heat value and the leaner effect under high load or high operation in SI engine. Increasing the fuel adaptation properly can improve the torque, power and drivability. More over, due to oxygen constituents of fuel, evaporation latent heat, flaming speed and burning pressure at partial load or lower operation can help the operation of engine. In the other hand, decreasing the fuel adaptation properly can improve the exhaust emission, BSFC obviously.

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41

Allred, Darin B. "Responses of males to a pheromone blend of female Oriental fruit moth with and without E8, E10-dodecadien-1-ol, a peromone component of codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35006.

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42

Mireault, Phillip. "Methodology of Measuring Particulate Matter Emissions from a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/44046.

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Abstract:

A gasoline direct injection engine was set-up to operate with a dynamometer in a test cell. Test cycle and emissions measurement procedures were developed for evaluating the regulated and non-regulated gaseous emissions. Equipment and techniques for particulate matter measurements were adapted for use with the gasoline direct injection engine. The particulate matter emissions produced by the engine were compared between two different fuels; gasoline and E10 (10% ethanol and 90% gasoline). The gaseous emissions generated by the engine when it was run on gasoline and E30 (30% ethanol and 70% gasoline) were also compared. Particle number decreased with E10 for hot start conditions, while the opposite was observed for cold start conditions. Particulate matter emissions were found to track with acetylene and ethylene emissions.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'E100'

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