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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'E2ES'
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Sandy, April R. "The role of E2Fs in mammary gland development." Connect to resource, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/6624.
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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2006.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 17 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 16-17). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Chen, Hui-Zi. "Mammalian Atypical E2Fs Link Endocycle Control to Cancer." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1316540844.
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Rakijas, Jessica B. "E2Fs and Transcription: New Members Help Answer Old Questions." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492780032915208.
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Sun, Daokun. "E2F Proteins Regulate Cell Proliferation and Differentiation in Development." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1562695239955401.
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Docquier, Aurélie. "Rôle du corégulateur transcriptionnel RIP140 dans la signalisation par les facteurs E2Fs." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON1T018.
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Le contrôle du cycle cellulaire, processus fondamental pour la prolifération cellulaire, est souvent altéré au cours de la tumorigenèse. Les facteurs de transcription E2Fs sont des régulateurs majeurs de l'expression de gènes impliqués dans le cycle cellulaire, la réplication de l'ADN, la mort cellulaire programmée ou encore la différenciation cellulaire. La famille des facteurs E2Fs contient des membres qui agissent comme activateurs ou répresseurs de la transcription et dont l'activité est régulée par un grand nombre de corégulateurs transcriptionnels, incluant notamment les protéines à poche pRb, p107, p130. RIP140 (Receptor Interacting Protein of 140kDa) a été identifié comme un corépresseur de nombreux récepteurs nucléaires, une autre grande famille de facteurs de transcription qui, pour certains, régulent positivement l'expression du gène RIP140.Ce travail de thèse a permis d'identifier RIP140 comme un nouveau répresseur de l'activité transcriptionnelle du facteur E2F1, dans des expériences de transfection transitoire ainsi que sur l'expression de gènes endogènes. Nous avons également montré que l'expression ectopique de RIP140 bloque la progression des cellules dans le cycle cellulaire. Dans les cancers du sein, le niveau d'expression de RIP140 présente une corrélation inverse avec celui de différents gènes cibles des facteurs E2Fs et semble discriminer les tumeurs luminales des tumeurs basales. Nous avons également démontré que le niveau d'ARNm RIP140 est régulé au cours du cycle cellulaire et que le promoteur du gène RIP140 est une cible directe des facteurs E2Fs. Cette régulation implique des sites de liaison des facteurs E2Fs et Sp1 de la région proximale du promoteur. La régulation de ce gène par E2F1 a également été observée au cours du processus de différenciation adipocytaire en utilisant un modèle murin E2F1-/-.En conclusion, ce travail a permis d'identifier RIP140 comme un nouvel acteur de la voie de signalisation par les facteurs E2Fs<br>Cell cycle control, a fundamental process which controls cell proliferation, is frequently altered during tumorigenesis. The E2F transcription factors are central regulators of target gene expression involved in cell cycle regulation, DNA replication, apoptosis and differentiation. The E2F transcription factors family encompasses members which act as activators or repressors. Their activities are regulated by a large number of transcriptional coregulators, including in particular the pocket proteins pRb, p107, p130.The transcription coregulator RIP140 (Receptor Interacting Protein of 140kDa) has been identified as a partner of numerous nuclear receptors, another important transcription factor family. Some of these nuclear receptors positively regulate RIP140 gene expression.This work identified RIP140 as a new repressor of E2F1 transcriptional activity, both in transient transfection experiments and on the expression of endogenous target genes. We also showed that ectopic expression of RIP140 blocks cell cycle progression. In breast cancers, the level of RIP140 expression is inversely correlated with various target genes of E2Fs factors and seems to discriminate luminal from basal tumors. We also demonstrated that the RIP140 mRNA expression is regulated during cell cycle and that the RIP140 promoter is a direct target of E2F transcription factors. This regulation involves both E2F and Sp1 binding sites in the proximal region of the RIP140 promoter. The regulation of the RIP140 gene by E2F1 was also observed during adipocyte differentiation using an E2F1-/- mouse model.In conclusion, this study identified RIP140 as a new regulator of the E2F signalling pathway and as a novel E2F1 target gene. These results open new perspectives concerning the roles that this transcriptional coregulator might play in the control of cell proliferation and tumorigenesis
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Yampolskiy, Mark. "Maßnahmen zur Sicherung von E2E-QoS bei Verketteten Diensten." Diss., kostenfrei, 2009. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/10971/.
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Gemae, Raghda. "The Role of Activating E2Fs in Neural Stem Cell Maintenance from Development to Adulthood." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35587.
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The recent discovery of adult neural precursor cells (NPCs) in the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles of most mammals holds much hope for the potential regeneration of damaged brain tissue. However, their use has been limited by their low numbers and relatively quiescent state, particularly in the aging brain. Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated a crucial role for the Rb/E2F pathway in the regulation and proliferation of NPCs, and the direct mechanistic involvement of E2F3 in regulating the pluripotency factor, Sox2. More recently, our investigations into the roles of E2F1 and E2F3 in during adult neurogenesis have revealed that loss of both these genes results in a dramatic loss of adult NPCs. Here, we have employed the Emx1-Cre and Nestin-CreERT2 transgenic models, to specifically delete E2F1 and E2F3 in the cerebral cortex and in NPCs in order to investigate the role of both these genes in embryonic neurogenesis. Our results suggest a switch in the requirement for both E2Fs 1 and 3 between embryonic and adult NPCs, demonstrated by a decrease in NPC proliferation and numbers starting only during late embryonic development and persisting through postnatal neurogenesis. These findings suggest that E2Fs 1 and 3 are essential for the maintenance of stem cells and neurogenesis in the adult brain. Moreover, their deletion results in defects in learning and memory. These studies reveal a crucial role for activating E2Fs in the long-term maintenance and proliferation of neural stem cells.
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Yakubovich, Edward. "The Role of Activator E2Fs in Neural Stem Cell Activation and Exit from Quiescence." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39437.
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Regenerative medicine offers tremendous potential for the treatment of irreversible damage to the brain. Activation of quiescent adult neural stem cells by clinical means to regenerate tissue can improve pathological outcomes of patients afflicted by brain trauma. Control of the cell- cycle is important in activating quiescent neural stem cells for the purpose of enhancing adult neurogenesis. Here, we uncover the role of cell-cycle regulatory transcription factors E2F1 and E2F3 in adult neural stem cell activation and characterize it. We hypothesize that the Retinoblastoma-E2F pathway is crucial for neural stem cell activation. We characterized the requirement of E2Fs1/3 for adult neural stem cells activation through a combination of multiple knockout timepoints in mice and novel markers used to identify distinct neural stem cell sub- populations. The results show a marked reduction in the neurogenic capacity of the adult brain, with common markers of proliferation and different progenitor-cell lineages decreased. Additionally, the ability of quiescent neural stem cells to transition to an active state is reduced. A whole genome-analysis of RNA isolated from E2Fs1/3-knockout adult neural stem cells has shown a shift from an active identity-state to a quiescent one. In the future, E2Fs1/3 could emerge as key regulators of quiescent stem cell activation, and thus could be potential targets for therapeutic control in order to enhance neurogenesis in patients with brain pathology.
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Dugal-Tessier, Delphie. "The Role of Atypical E2fs in the Maintenance and Development of the Ependymal Cell Barrier." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34454.
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The discovery of neural stem cells within the adult CNS has indicated an enormous potential in facilitating neuronal regeneration after injury. Studies from our laboratory have suggested that manipulation of the Rb/E2f pathway can directly impact embryonic and adult neurogenesis, thereby having tremendous potential for neuronal regeneration therapies. Recently, two new members of the Rb/E2f pathway have been discovered, the atypical E2fs: E2f7 and E2f8. Initial studies have suggested that atypical E2fs regulate diverse processes such as cell proliferation, DNA-stress response, apoptosis, however, their importance in the brain are unknown. To analyze their function during brain development, we crossed Nestin-Cre mice with mice bearing a conditional E2f7/E2f8 allele to delete both E2f7 and E2f8 in neural precursor cells. Whereas cortical development was largely unaffected by E2f7/E2f8 deficiency, we observed an enlargement of the lateral ventricles occurring postnatally, a brain condition named ventriculomegaly. We then looked at the ependymal cells, which are the cells lining the wall of the lateral ventricles, to determine if these cells were affected by the absence of atypical E2fs. We found progressive denaturation of the ependymal cell layer, distortion of the ependymal motile cilia and reactive astrocytes within the layer. We identified Gli3, a component of the Sonic hedgehog pathway (Shh), as a target for E2fs, including atypical E2fs. We unravelled a novel mechanism by which atypical E2fs regulate the expression of Gli3, leading to up-regulation of Numb/NumbL, which in consequence destabilizes cadherins organization within the ependymal cell layer. In conclusion, our work suggests that E2f7 and E2f8 transcription factors play an essential role in maintaining the ependymal cell barrier.
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Stevenson, Amadeus. "Interactions of nanoparticles with cells for nanomedical applications." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ecde4b01-e2ec-42f4-9353-72071b845775.
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Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field focused on the manipulation and control of materials with dimensions under 100 nm. The novel electronic, optical and mechanical properties observed at the nanoscale have resulted in a number of applications in catalysis, light emitting devices, solar power, self-cleaning surfaces and medicine. Medical applications of nanotechnology (“nanomedicine”) are particularly promising for rapid clinical diagnosis and targeted treatments. Understanding the interactions of nanoparticles with living matter is of fundamental importance for all application areas: manufacture, use and disposal of the growing number of nanoproducts will result in increased environmental exposure in addition to direct exposure through nanomedical applications. However, there is a lack of standard methodologies for assessing these interactions. In this work the stability of silver-based nanoparticles was established by UV- Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The presence of a higher valence metal or polymer on the nanoparticle surface was demonstrated to improve stability. A standard methodology was developed to study nanoparticle-cell interactions: an “atlas” of the effects of known drugs on a cell is created, and compared with the effects of a nanoparticle. Escherichia coli was selected as a model organism and the effects of a range of antibiotics were characterised through a combination of microbiological assays and AFM. Susceptibility, population cell growth and individual heights, widths, lengths and volumes of bacteria were obtained on a 2% agarose substrate in air. The methodology was applied and adjusted for silver nanoparticles due to the interactions of silver with the bacterial growth medium. 10 and 30 nm silver nanoparticles and ions were found to kill E. coli through an internal mechanism of action, with a size-specific effect on the height of bacteria. Finally, a novel AFM characterisation method is described to examine the mechanical properties of live bacterial and human cells in liquid.
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Rodrigo, Brenni Monica C. "E2s act sequentially in the assembly of ubiquitin chains by the anaphase-promoting complex." Diss., Search in ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. UC Only, 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3378504.
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Antwi-Ansorge, Nana Akua. "Ethnic mobilisation and the Liberian civil war (1989-2003)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9d7a54b2-e2e9-4f72-aad4-2301e9cf2def.
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This thesis examines the relationship between ethnicity and violent group mobilisation in Liberia’s civil war (1989-2003). It focuses on Gio, Mano and Mandingo mobilisation to investigate how and why internal dynamics about moral norms and expectations motivated leadership calls for violence and ethnic support. Much of the existing literature interprets popular involvement in violent group mobilisation on the Upper Guinea Coast as a youth rebellion against gerontocracy. I argue that such an approach is incomplete in the Liberian case, and does not account for questions of ethnic mobilisation and the participation of groups such as the Gio, Mano and Mandingo. At the onset of hostilities, civilians in Liberia were not primarily mobilised to fight based on their age, but rather as members of ethnic communities whose membership included different age groups. I explore constructivist approaches to ethnicity to analyse mobilisation for war as the collective 'self-defence' of ethnic groups qua moral communities. In the prelude to the outbreak of civil war, inter-ethnic inequalities of access to the state and economic resources became reconfigured. Ethnic groups—as moral communities—experienced external 'victimisation' and a sense of internal dissolution, or threatened dissolution. In particular, the understanding of internal reciprocal relations between patrons and clients within ethnic groups was undermined. Internal arguments about morality, personal responsibility, social accountability/justice, increased the pressure on excluded elites and thus incentivised them to pursue violent political strategies. Mobilisation took on an ethnic form mainly because individuals believed that they were fighting to protect the moral communities that generate esteem and ground understandings of good citizenship. Therefore, ethnic participation in the Liberian countryside differed from the model peasant rebellion that seeks to overthrow the feudal elites. Rather than a revolution of the social order, individuals regarded themselves as protecting an extant ethnic order that provided rights and distributed resources. Even though some individuals fought for political power and resources, and external actors facilitated group organisation through the provision of logistical support, the violence was also an expression of bottom-up moral community crisis and an attempt by politico-military elites to keep their reputation and enforce unity.
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Thomson, Oliver. "Clinical decision making and therapeutic approaches of experienced osteopaths." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2013. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/c1120835-e2e7-46c7-82c2-364a1facf1d2.
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Clinical decision-making refers to the social, cognitive and interactive processes by which practitioners make choices in relation to the examination, diagnosis, treatment and management of patients. It is fundamental for effective and efficient clinical practice and is central to professional autonomy and accountability. As the profession continues to grow, osteopathy is playing an increasingly important role in musculoskeletal healthcare. While research has identified the clinical decision-making approaches taken by a range of healthcare professions, there is limited understanding of how osteopaths make decisions in relation to clinical practice. The aim of this research was to construct an explanatory theory of the clinical decision-making and therapeutic approaches of experienced osteopaths in the UK.
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Ralambotiana, Miora. "Key management with a trusted third party using LoRaWAN protocol : A study case for E2E security." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230671.
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Nowadays, Internet of Things (IoT) applications are gaining more importance in people’s everyday life. Depending of their usage (for long or short distance communications, using low or high power devices, etc.), several standards exist. In this study, the focus is on Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) and particularly a protocol which is raising in popularity for long-range low-power communications in IoT: LoRaWAN. LoRaWAN is still at an early stage and has been mainly used in use cases where the network server was managing the keys ensuring confidentiality and integrity of the data. Gemalto has raised the issue of interest conflicts in the case where the network operator and the application provider are two distinct entities: if the end-device and the application server are exchanging sensitive data, the network server should not be able to read them. In order to solve this problem, an architecture using a trusted third party to generate and manage the keys has been implemented during this project. The following research aims at finding security threats and weaknesses on the confidentiality and integrity of the data and devices’ authentication in this study case. The LoRaWAN protocol and key management in general were studied first before describing the studied system and finding the possible attacks exploring its vulnerabilities on the mentioned points via an attack tree. These attacks were simulated in order to define their consequences on the system and according to them, security improvements on the architecture was proposed based on previous work on the topic and exploration on potential countermeasures.<br>Idag blir Internet av saker (IoT) applikationer allt viktigare i människors vardag. Beroende på användningen (för långeller kortdistanskommunikation, med låga eller höga effektenheter etc.) finns flera standarder. I denna studie ligger fokus på Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) och i synnerhet ett protokoll som ökar i popularitet för långsiktig lågkapacitetskommunikation i IoT: LoRaWAN. LoRaWAN är fortfarande på ett tidigt stadium och har i huvudsak använts i användarfall där nätverksservern hanterade nycklarna som säkerställer konfidentialitet och integritet av data. Gemalto har tagit upp frågan om intressekonflikter i det fall nätverksoperatören och programleverantören är två separata enheter: Om slutanordningen och applikationsservern utbyter känslig data, ska nätverksservern inte kunna läsa dem. För att lösa detta problem har en arkitektur som använder en betrodd tredje part för att generera och hantera nycklarna implementerats under det här projektet. Följande forskning syftar till att hitta säkerhetshot och svagheter om konfidentialiteten och integriteten hos data och enheternas autentisering i detta studiefall. LoRaWAN-protokollet och nyckelhanteringen i allmänhet kommer att studeras först innan författaren beskriver det studerade systemet och upptäcker de eventuella attacker som undersöker sårbarheten på de nämnda punkterna via ett angreppsträd. Dessa attacker kommer att simuleras för att definiera deras konsekvenser på systemet och enligt dem kommer säkerhetsförbättringar på arkitekturen att föreslås utifrån tidigare arbete med ämnet och undersökning av potentiella motåtgärder
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Varejão, Junior Gleudson Pinheiro. "Proposta de um modelo para verificabilidade E2E no sistema eletrônico de votação brasileiro utilizando mecanismos de criptografia visual." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11487.
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Previous issue date: 2014-08-21<br>A história relata a ascensão da democracia sendo seleta a pequenos grupos
de uma população, como frequentemente ocorria em algumas nações. O Brasil é
um país democrático que tem participação da sociedade, que exerce seu direito
democrático através dos seus representantes. No entanto, evidências descritas por
Diego Aranha em (ARANHA, 2014) apontam que a maneira pela qual eles são
eleitos nem sempre atinge níveis aceitáveis de segurança e confiabilidade do
processo. Desde então os Sistemas Eletrônicos de Votação (SEV) vêm sendo
empregados em países como Holanda, Índia, Alemanha e Brasil, tendo como
principal objetivo atender aos requisitos, propriedades, regras e leis instauradas
para um sistema eleitoral, primando pela conformidade de padrões e preceitos
democráticos específicos de cada nação. No Brasil, o início do processo de
informatização das eleições ocorreu no ano de 1996, onde então foi apresentada
ao mundo a aplicabilidade de um modelo de votação 100% eletrônico, e que,
segundo autoridades responsáveis pelo processo, é apontado como seguro e
isento à fraude. Desde então muitas discussões surgiram a respeito da segurança
do mesmo. Um dos assuntos mais pautados entre profissionais e pesquisadores de
áreas afins ao sistema é a impossibilidade de se realizar um processo chamado
verificabilidade “fim-a-fim” (em inglês, “end-to-end”, abreviação E2E), que visa
prover mecanismos que possibilitam a verificação do voto por parte do eleitor,
muito em decorrência da inexistência de um mecanismo que viabilize a
materialização do voto. Levando em consideração os relatos, torna-se latente a
necessidade do vínculo entre a transparência e automação de recursos, mitigando
os riscos na ocorrência de fraudes e maximizando as possibilidades de auditoria e
recontagem dos votos. Dessa forma, a criptografia computacional vem mostrandose
uma das principais ferramentas para atender demandas de segurança em SEV.
Este trabalho visa estudar e avaliar os princípios de um SEV, bem como suas
principais tecnologias e desafios de segurança. A partir do estudo realizado, é
descrita a proposta de um modelo utilizando criptografia visual, a fim de prover
possíveis mecanismos que atendam o requisito de verificabilidade E2E com a
materialização do voto de um modo não tradicional, tendo como foco o emprego
desse esquema no Sistema Eletrônico de Votação brasileiro.
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Wakim, Mike. "Employing Android Security Features for Enhanced Security and Privacy Preservation." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36353.
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In this thesis, we examine the architecture and the security framework underlying the Android operating system. We explore existing Android end-to-end encrypted (E2EE) messaging applications and derive four categories of common issues that are applicable to these applications. We then provide an overview of the known issue of privilege escalation wherein a malicious privileged application can utilize inter-process communication techniques to send protected data to an unauthorized application on a user’s device. We demonstrate through a proof of concept how this behavior can be achieved in real applications, and we suggest potential countermeasures that can help prevent this issue. Furthermore, in the interest of diminishing the common issues that are applicable to E2EE messaging applications, we propose a new design for such applications that employs some of the principal security features offered by the Android operating system. We explain how our design can help eliminate trust-related issues associated with such applications, as well as how it can help minimize issues in other categories. Finally, we demonstrate how our proposed design can be used in practice by implementing a proof of concept.
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Vedder, Benjamin. "Testing Safety-Critical Systems using Fault Injection and Property-Based Testing." Licentiate thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Centrum för forskning om inbyggda system (CERES), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-28173.
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Testing software-intensive systems can be challenging, especially when safety requirements are involved. Property-Based Testing (PBT) is a software testing technique where properties about software are specified and thousands of test cases with a wide range of inputs are automatically generated based on these properties. PBT does not formally prove that the software fulfils its specification, but it is an efficient way to identify deviations from the specification. Safety-critical systems that must be able to deal with faults, without causing damage or injuries, are often tested using Fault Injection (FI) at several abstraction levels. The purpose of FI is to inject faults into a system in order to exercise and evaluate fault handling mechanisms. The aim of this thesis is to investigate how knowledge and techniques from the areas of FI and PBT can be used together to test functional and safety requirements simultaneously. We have developed a FI tool named FaultCheck that enables PBT tools to use common FI-techniques directly on source code. In order to evaluate and demonstrate our approach, we have applied our tool FaultCheck together with the commercially available PBT tool QuickCheck on a simple and on a complex system. The simple system is the AUTOSAR End-to-End (E2E) library and the complex system is a quadcopter simulator that we developed ourselves. The quadcopter simulator is based on a hardware quadcopter platform that we also developed, and the fault models that we inject into the simulator using FaultCheck are derived from the hardware quadcopter platform. We were able to efficiently apply FaultCheck together with QuickCheck on both the E2E library and the quadcopter simulator, which gives us confidence that FI together with PBT can be used to test and evaluate a wide range of simple and complex safety-critical software.<br><p>This research has been funded through the PROWESS EU project (Grant agreement no: 317820), the KARYON EU project (Grant agreement no: 288195) and through EISIGS (grants from the Knowledge Foundation).</p><br>PROWESS<br>KARYON
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Shpak, Yuliia. "Sledovaní současného stavu testovacích technik ve vybrané společnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417645.
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S vývojem informací, komunikací a technologií se moderní průmyslové řídicí systémy (ICS) potýkají čím dál více s otázkami automatického testováni pro zabezpečení stability a bezpečnosti systému. Z tohoto důvodu se testování stalo jednou z nejdůležitějších částí životního cyklu všech softwarů. V této diplomové práci budu zvažovat možnost využití stávajících zkušebních metod a nástrojů pro získání dostatečné jakosti a bezpečnosti softwaru v kontinuálních integračních systémech.
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Floquet, Julien. "Mécanismes auto-organisants pour connexions de bout en bout." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC102/document.
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Les réseaux de cinquième génération sont en cours de définition et leurs différentes composantes commencent à émerger: nouvelles technologies d'accès à la radio, convergence fixe et mobile des réseaux et virtualization.Le contrôle et la gestion de bout en bout (E2E) du réseau ont une importance particulière pour les performances du réseau. Cela étant, nous segmentons le travail de thèse en deux parties: le réseau d’accès radio (RAN) axé sur la technologie MIMO Massif (M-MIMO) et la connexion E2E du point de vue de la couche transport.Dans la première partie, nous considérons la formation de faisceaux focalisés avec un structure hiérarchique dans les réseaux sans fil. Pour un ensemble de flots donnée, nous proposons des algorithmes efficaces en terme de complexité pour une allocation avec alpha-équité. Nous proposons ensuite des formules exactes pour la performance au niveau du flot, à la fois pour le trafic élastique (avec une équité proportionnelle et équité max-min) et le trafic en continu. Nous validons les résultats analytiques par des simulations.La seconde partie de la thèse vise à développer une fonction de réseau auto-organisant (SON) qui améliore la qualité d'expérience (QoE) des connexions en bout-en-bout. Nous considérons un service de type vidéo streaming et développons une fonctionnalité SON qui adapte la QoE de bout-en-bout entre le serveur vidéo et l'utilisateur. La mémoire-tampon reçoit les données d'un serveur avec une connexion E2E en suivant le protocole TCP. Nous proposons un modèle qui décrit ce comportement et nous comparons les formules analytiques obtenues avec les simulations. Enfin, nous proposons un SON qui donne la qualité vidéo de sorte que la probabilité de famine soit égale à une valeur cible fixée au préalable<br>Fifth generation networks are being defined and their different components are beginning to emerge: new technologies for access to radio, fixed and mobile convergence of networks and virtualization.End-to-end (E2E) control and management of the network have a particular importance for network performance. Having this in mind, we segment the work of the thesis in two parts: the radio access network (RAN) with a focus on Massive MIMO (M-MIMO) technology and the E2E connection from a point of view of the transport layer.In the first part, we consider hierarchical beamforming in wireless networks. For a given population of flows, we propose computationally efficient algorithms for fair rate allocation. We next propose closed-form formulas for flow level performance, for both elastic (with either proportional fairness and max-min fairness) and streaming traffic. We further assess the performance of hierarchical beamforming using numerical experiments.In the second part, we identify an application of SON namely the control of the starvation probability of video streaming service. The buffer receives data from a server with an E2E connection following the TCP protocol. We propose a model that describes the behavior of a buffer content and we compare the analytical formulas obtained with simulations. Finally, we propose a SON function that by adjusting the application video rate, achieves a target starvation probability
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Masum, Md Ebna, and Md Jewel Babu. "End-to-End Delay Performance Evaluation for VoIP in the LTE network." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4264.
Full textAbstract:
Long Term Evolution (LTE) is the last step towards the 4th genera-tion of cellular networks. This revolution is necessitated by the un-ceasing increase in demand for high speed connection on LTE net-works. This thesis mainly focuses on performance evaluation of end-to end delay (E2E) for VoIP in the LTE networks. In the course of E2E performance evaluation, simulation approach is realized using simulation tool OPNET 16.0. Three scenarios have been created. The first one is the baseline network while among other two, one consists of VoIP traffic solely and the other consisted of FTP along with VoIP. E2E delay has been measured for both scenarios in various cases under the varying mobility speed of the node. Furthermore, packet loss for two network scenarios has been studied and presented in the same cases as for E2E delay measurement. Comparative performance analysis of the two networks has been done by the simulation output graphs. In light of the result analysis, the performance quality of a VoIP network (with and without the presence of additional network traffic) in LTE has been determined and discussed. The default parameters in OPNET 16.0 for LTE have been used during simulation.
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Chebbo, Manal. "Simulation fine d'optique adaptative à très grand champ pour des grands et futurs très grands télescopes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4733/document.
Full textAbstract:
La simulation fine de systèmes d'OA à grand champ de type MOAO ou LTAO pour l'ELT se heurte à deux problématiques: l'augmentation du nombre de degrés de liberté du système. Cette augmentation rend les codes de simulation classiques peu utilisables, en particulier en ce qui concerne les processus d'inversion et de calcul matriciel. La complexité des systèmes, combinant EGL et EGN, grands miroirs déformables couvrant tout le champs et des miroirs dédiés dans les instruments eux mêmes, des rotations différentielles de pupille et ou de champs. Cette complexité conduit aux développements de procédures nouvelles d'étalonnage, de filtrage et fusion de données, de commande distribuée ou globale. Ces procédures doivent être simulées finement, comparées et quantifiées en termes de performances, avant d'être implantées dans de futurs systèmes. Pour répondre à ces deux besoins, le LAM développe en collaboration avec l'ONERA un code de simulation complet, basé sur une approche de résolution itérative de systèmes linéaires à grand nombre de paramètres (matrices creuses). Sur cette base, il incorpore de nouveaux concepts de filtrage et de fusion de données pour gérer efficacement les modes de tip/tilt/defocus dans le processus complet de reconstruction tomographique. Il permettra aussi, de développer et tester des lois de commandes complexes ayant à gérer un la combinaison du télescope adaptatif et d'instrument post-focaux comportant eux aussi des miroirs déformables dédiés.La première application de cet outil se fait naturellement dans le cadre du projet EAGLE, un des instruments phares du futur E-ELT, qui, du point de vue de l'OA combinera l'ensemble de ces problématiques<br>Refined simulation tools for wide field AO systems on ELTs present new challenges. Increasing the number of degrees of freedom makes the standard simulation's codes useless due to the huge number of operations to be performed at each step of the AO loop process. The classical matrix inversion and the VMM have to be replaced by a cleverer iterative resolution of the Least Square or Minimum Mean Square Error criterion. For this new generation of AO systems, concepts themselves will become more complex: data fusion coming from multiple LGS and NGS will have to be optimized, mirrors covering all the field of view associated to dedicated mirrors inside the scientific instrument itself will have to be coupled using split or integrated tomography schemes, differential pupil or/and field rotations will have to be considered.All these new entries should be carefully simulated, analysed and quantified in terms of performance before any implementation in AO systems. For those reasons i developed, in collaboration with the ONERA, a full simulation code, based on iterative solution of linear systems with many parameters (sparse matrices). On this basis, I introduced new concepts of filtering and data fusion to effectively manage modes such as tip, tilt and defoc in the entire process of tomographic reconstruction. The code will also eventually help to develop and test complex control laws who have to manage a combination of adaptive telescope and post-focal instrument including dedicated DM
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Gajdár, Matúš. "Nízko-dimenzionální faktorizace pro "End-To-End" řečové systémy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417297.
Full textAbstract:
The project covers automatic speech recognition with neural network training using low-dimensional matrix factorization. We are describing time delay neural networks with factorization (TDNN-F) and without it (TDNN) in Pytorch language. We are comparing the implementation between Pytorch and Kaldi toolkit, where we achieve similar results during experiments with various network architectures. The last chapter describes the impact of a low-dimensional matrix factorization on End-to-End speech recognition systems and also a modification of the system with TDNN(-F) networks. Using specific network settings, we were able to achieve better results with systems using factorization. Additionally, we reduced the complexity of training by decreasing network parameters with the use of TDNN(-F) networks.
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Liviero, Filippo. "La modulazione dei canali transient receptor potential v1 e a1 con prostaglandina-e2e bradichinina è associata adaumento della risposta tussigena alla capsaicina ed a variazionidella regolazioneautonomica del ritmo cardiaco in soggetti sani." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425778.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND:
Vi sono evidenze in modelli animali che l’inalazione di particolato fine (PM), attivi i recettori polmonari TRPV1 e TRPA1 e attraverso una modulazione del sistema nervoso centrale possa influenzare la regolazione autonomica dell'attività cardiaca. Questa ipotetica via neurogena, potrebbe essere responsabile degli effetti cardiovascolari avversi osservati in soggetti suscettibili dopo esposizioni acute a PM.
OBIETTIVI:
Verificare che l'attività di TRPV1 e TRPA1 può essere modulata in vivo dall’inalazione di prostaglandina-E2 (PGE2) e bradichinina (BK), e che i cambiamenti nell'attività dei canali TRP interferiscano con la regolazione autonomica del ritmo cardiaco nell’uomo. In un gruppo di volontari sani abbiamo valutato:
1. la risposta tussigena alla capsaicina (CPS) ed alla cinnamaldeide (CMA), agonisti esogeni rispettivamente dei canali TRPV1 e TRPA1, somministrati per via inalatoria prima e dopo l'inalazione di PGE2 e BK, agonisti endogeni in grado di attivare in vitro i canali TRP;
2. la variabilità della frequenza cardiaca (HRV) al momento della modulazione dei canali TRP con PGE2 e BK.
È stato inoltre verificato:
3. il meccanismo molecolare della modulazione del canale TRPV1 in vitro su cellule HeLa trasfettate con la forma wild-type del TRPV1;
4. se la presenza di polimorfismi funzionali (SNPs) di TRPV1 spieghi la variabilità della risposta tussigena alla CPS e se modifichi la risposta tussigena alla modulazione dei canali TRP con PGE2 e BK.
MATERIALI E METODI:
1. Sono stati reclutati 20 volontari sani, 17 dei quali hanno effettuato l’inalazione di PGE2 e BK o diluente, in modo randomizzato e in doppio cieco. Subito dopo, ogni soggetto è stato sottoposto al test di stimolazione specifica del recettore TRPV1 con CPS e TRPA1 con CMA.
2. In 12 dei volontari sani arruolati è stata misurata la HRV tramite la registrazione dell’elettrocardiogramma (ECG), avvenuta dopo l’inalazione di diluente, PGE2 e BK. Abbiamo analizzato tre variabili delle componenti spettrali nel dominio della frequenza che rappresentano indici di modulazione simpatica, vagale e del bilancio simpatico-vagale.
3. Abbiamo monitorato la funzionalità del canale TRPV1 misurando la concentrazione di [Ca2+] nelle cellule HeLa dopo trattamento con CPS e CMA. Abbiamo trasfettato le cellule HeLa con il canale umano TRPV1 per misurarne la funzionalità, dopo il pre-trattamento con dosi crescenti di PGE2, BK o particolato di scarico diesel (DEP) e successiva stimolazione con CPS.
4. Tutti i volontari sono stati caratterizzati per la risposta tussigena alla CPS. Abbiamo analizzato il DNA di ciascuno per caratterizzare sei SNPs di TRPV1.
RISULTATI:
1. L'inalazione di PGE2 e BK ha determinato un aumento significativo della risposta tussigena indotta dalla CPS, indicando un aumento di sensibilità del TRPV1. La modulazione del TRPA1 ha mostrato cambiamenti inconsistenti della risposta tussigena indotta dalla CMA.
2. L'inalazione di PGE2 e BK ha modificato significativamente l’HRV comportando uno sbilanciamento della regolazione autonomica del ritmo cardiaco a favore del sistema simpatico rispetto al vagale.
3. Il pretrattamento con PGE2 o BK delle cellule HeLa che esprimono il TRPV1, non ha modificato le risposte cellulari indotte da CPS, dimostrando come nel nostro modello sperimentale, questi due mediatori non sensibilizzino direttamente il canale TRPV1. Il trattamento con il DEP ha aumentato significativamente le risposte cellulari mediate da CPS, indicando che TRPV1 è direttamente sensibilizzato dal particolato.
4. La variabilità della risposta tussigena alla CPS tra soggetti sani è spiegata da molteplici SNPs del canale TRPV1. Il contributo maggiore alla sensibilità in termini di risposta tussigena alla CPS in vivo è dovuto alla presenza di quattro SNPs combinati: I315M; I585V; T469I; P91S.
Questi dati supportano l’ipotesi che l’inalazione di PM, interferendo con la funzione dei TRP, induca effetti cardiovascolari acuti in soggetti suscettibili.<br>BACKGROUND
There is evidence in animal models, that particulate (PM) inhalation, activates TRPV-1 and TRPA-1 pulmonary receptors and may change the autonomic regulation of cardiac activity, through a modulation of afferent signals in the central nervous system. This hypothetical neurogenic pathway could explain the adverse cardiovascular effects observed in susceptible subjects after acute PM exposures.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the study was to verify that the activity of TRPV-1 and TRPA-1 can be modulated in vivo by inhaled stimuli and that changes in TRP channels activity modify the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm. To do this we evaluated in a group of healthy volunteers:
1. Cough response to capsaicin (CPS) and cinnmaldeide (CMA), exogenous agonists of TRPV-1 and TRPA-1 channels, before and after inhalation of PGE2 and BK, endogenous mediators that activate TRP channels in vitro;
2. Heart rate variability (HRV) after modulation of TRP channels with PGE2 and BK.
We also evaluated:
3. The molecular mechanism of TRPV-1 channel modulation in vitro, on HeLa cells transfected with the TRPV-1 wild-type;
4. Whether presence of functional polymorphisms (SNPs) of TRPV-1 explains the variability of cough response to CPS and whether it modifies cough response to the modulation of TRP channels with PGE2 and BK.
METHODS
1. 20 healthy volunteers were recruited. 17 performed PGE2 and BK or diluent inhalation, in a randomized double-blind fashion. Immediately after inhalation of the modulators, the sensitivity of TRPV-1 to CPS and of TRPA-1 to CMA was assessed with cough challenge.
2. Heart rate variability (HRV) was tested in 12 of the enrolled healthy volunteers recording the electrocardiogram (ECG) after inhalation of diluent, PGE2 and BK. We analyzed the variables of spectral components in the frequency domain, that represent indexes of sympathetic, vagal and sympathetic-vagal balance.
3. Functional properties of TRPV-1 channel were evaluated measuring [Ca2 +] in HeLa cells after treatment with CPS and CMA. HeLa cells were transfected with the TRPV-1 human channel. [Ca2 +] in HeLa cells was measured after pre-treatment with increasing doses of PGE2, BK or diesel exhaust particulate matter (DEP) followed by CPS stimulation.
4. All volunteers were characterized according to cough response to the CPS. We analyzed the DNA of each subjects to assess the presence of six functional polymorphisms (SNPs) of TRPV-1.
RESULTS
1. Inhalation of PGE2 and BK is associated with a significant increase of cough response induced by CPS, while inconsistent changes after stimulation of TRPA-1 with CMA were detected.
2. Inhalation of PGE2 and BK significantly modifies HRV, leading to an imbalance of the autonomic regulation of heart rhythm. In particular we detected an upregulation of the sympathetic system and a downregulation of the vagal system.
3. Pretreatment with PGE2 or BK of HeLa cells expressing TRPV-1 did not modify CPS-induced cellular responses, demonstrating that in our experimental model, these two mediators do not directly sensitize the TRPV-1 channel. Treatment with DEP significantly increased TRPV-1-mediated cellular responses, indicating that it is directly sensitized by particulate matter.
4. We demonstrated that the variability of cough response to CPS between healthy subjects is partially explained by multiple SNPs of the TRPV-1 channel. The major contribution to sensitivity in terms of cough response to CPS in vivo is due to the combination of four SNPs: I315M; I585V; T469I; P91S. However, the modulation of TRPV-1 was irrespective of the presence of SNPs.
These data support the hypothesis that PM inhalation, interfering with the function of TRPs, induces acute cardiovascular effects in susceptible subjects.
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Omerdic, Edin. "Thruster fault diagnosis and accommodation for overactuated open-frame underwater vehicles." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2004. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/thruster-fault-diagnosis-and-accommodation-for-overactuated-openframe-underwater-vehicles(d010b243-e2ee-4a12-9ff0-037c9e1af958).html.
Full textAbstract:
The work presented in the thesis concerns the design and development of a novel thruster fault diagnosis and accommodation system (PDAS) for overactuated, open-frame underwater vehicles. The remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) considered in this thesis have four thrusters for motion in the horizontal plane with three controllable degrees of freedom (DoF). Due to the redundancy resulting from this configuration, for the case of a partial fault or a total fault in a single thruster it is possible to reallocate control among operable thrusters in order that the ROV pilot is able to maintain control of the faulty ROV and to continue with missions. The proposed PDAS consists of two subsystems: a fault diagnosis subsystem (FDS) and a fault accommodation subsystem (FAS). The FDS uses fault detector units to monitor thruster states. Robust and reliable interrogation of thruster states, and subsequent identification of faults, is accomplished using methods based on the integration of selforganising maps and fuzzy logic clustering. The FAS uses information provided by the FDS to perform an appropriate redistribution of thruster demands in order to accommodate faults. The FAS uses a hybrid approach for control allocation, which integrates the pseudoinverse method and the fixed-point iterations method. A control energy cost function is used as the optimisation criteria. In fault-free and faulty cases the FAS finds the optimal solution, which minimises this criteria. The concept of feasible region is developed in order to visualise thruster velocity saturation bounds. The PDAS provides a dynamic update of saturation bounds using a complex three-dimensional visualisation of the feasible region (attainable command set), such that the ROV pilot is informed with the effects of thruster fault accommodation, incorporated in the new shape of the attainable command set. In this way the ROV pilot can easy adapt to newly created changes and continue the mission in the presence of a fault. The prototype of the PDAS was developed in the MATLAB environment as a Simulink model, which includes a nonlinear model of an ROV with 6 DOF, propulsion system and a hand control unit. The hand control unit was simulated in hardware using a joystick as input device to generate command signals. Different fault conditions are simulated in order to investigate the performance of the PDAS. A virtual underwater world was developed, which enabled tuning, testing and evaluation of the PDAS using simulations of two underwater vehicles (FALCON, Seaeye Marine Ltd. and URIS, University of Girona) in a 'realistic' underwater environment. The performance of the PDAS was demonstrated and evaluated via tank trials of the FALCON ROV in QinetiQ Ocean Basin Tank at Haslar, where the existing control software was enhanced with the PDAS algorithm. The results of real-world experiments confirmed the effectiveness of the PDAS in maintaining vehicle manoeuvrability and in preserving the vehicle mission in the presence of thruster faults.
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Alessandrini, Aduer. "'il 730 online' di CAF ACLI e l'introduzione di una cultura DevOps." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17699/.
Full textAbstract:
In questo presente sempre più servizi che caratterizzano il nostro quotidiano (trasporti, utenze, commercio eccetera) stanno avendo una progressiva sostituzione della componente di interazione personale, in favore di una maggiore integrazione con la rete. Basti pensare a come grazie ad una connessione Internet, sia possibile monitorare in tempo reale il ritardo di un treno, o ordinare e ricevere a domicilio un piatto cucinato espressamente o vedere la sbarra del casello autostradale alzarsi perché il sistema ha riconosciuto la targa inserita poco prima tramite l'apposita app.
In contesti come questi, in cui un processo che avviene nella realtà, viene monitorato e coordinato dall'utente finale remoto, sul software grava una grande responsabilità.
Le software house per stare al passo con questa sfida, ed essere competitive sul mercato, devono produrre sistemi di qualità sempre maggiore, che sappiano dare soluzioni veramente utili agli utenti ed in tempi per loro accettabili. Questo può essere ottenuto adottando necessariamente metodiche di lavoro più sofisticate.
L'approccio DevOps in particolare mira ad ottimizzare i processi aziendali che intercorrono tra le varie fasi dello sviluppo di un software, sostituendo le attività manuali con procedure automatizzate capaci di aumentare la velocità, il livello di garanzia e la riproducibilità delle medesime.
Il lavoro presentato in questa tesi tratta di come questa metodologia sia stata introdotta nell'occasione dello sviluppo di un sistema di scambio di documenti fiscali commissionato dall'ente di scala nazionale CAF ACLI.
L'obiettivo era quello di realizzare un servizio che desse la possibilità di operare senza recarsi presso uno sportello ma garantendo lo stesso livello di assistenza e garanzia del risultato che solo un esperto fiscale può dare.
La metodica elaborata ha permesso di raggiungere un'alta qualità del prodotto e rapidità nei rilasci per essere reattivi alle richieste del cliente ed alle segnalazioni di bug.
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Ridge, Liam. "Investigating the role of Myh10 in the epicardium : insights from the EHC mouse." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigating-the-role-of-myh10-in-the-epicardium-insights-from-the-ehc-mouse(7d7cec65-e2e6-448c-a6d1-65d3fdc50f3e).html.
Full textAbstract:
Aim: Recent interest in cardiogenesis has focused on the epicardium, the outer epithelial layer that envelops the heart. Epicardial-derived cells (EPDCs) contribute vascular smooth muscle to developing coronary vessels and provide critical signalling cues to facilitate myocardial functionality. However, the precise molecular mechanisms that underpin epicardial biology remain unclear. Ablation of Myh10 in the EHC mouse results in embryonic lethal cardiac malformations, including epicardial and coronary defects. We sought to establish the role of Myh10 in epicardial cell function to further dissect the coronary vessel developmental pathway, a deeper understanding of which may inform the design of therapeutics to regenerate and repair the injured heart. Methods: Utilising multiple cell and developmental biology techniques, we generated a pathological evaluation of the EHC phenotype. EPDC migration was investigated in vivo with Wt1 immunohistochemistry, and in vitro by performing scratch wound assays on epicardial cell cultures. Congruently, we examined the ability of epicardial cells to undergo EMT in vivo by employing Snail and Phosphohistone-H3 immunohistochemistry. Results: Our studies reveal that EHC epicardial cells have a reduced capacity to invade the ventricular myocardium. Furthermore, we discovered increased proliferation and reduced Snail expression specifically within the EHC epicardium, consistent with EMT dysregulation. Interestingly, epicardial cell function did not appear to be disrupted in vitro. Conclusion: These results demonstrate a novel role for Myh10 in both EPDC migration and the promotion of epicardial EMT. Our finding that migration is unaffected in vitro suggests that the unique properties of the in vivo epicardial microenvironment dictate a requirement for Myh10 in order to elicit correct epicardial function. Together, this research enhances our understanding of the dysfunctional processes that contribute to abnormal cardiogenesis; these insights may aid our ability to determine the molecular regulators of coronary vessel development, and create therapeutics to regenerate vessel growth and repair injured cardiac tissue in cardiovascular disease.
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Di, Gioacchino Fabio. "Characterization of mesoscopic crystal plasticity from high-resolution surface displacement and lattice orientation mappings." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/characterization-of-mesoscopic-crystal-plasticity-from-highresolution-surface-displacement-and-lattice-orientation-mappings(77c47c76-e2ee-44ff-bdef-c53e25bb6bc1).html.
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Being able to predict the evolution of plastic deformation at the microstructural scale is of paramount importance in the engineering of materials for advanced applications. However, this is not straightforward because of the multiscale nature of deformation heterogeneity, both in space and time . The present thesis combines four related studies in a coherent work, which is aimed to develop experimental methods for studying crystal plasticity at the micro and mesoscale. A novel methodology for gold remodelling is initially proposed and used to apply high-density speckle patterns on the surface of stainless steel specimens. The unique proprieties of the speckle pattern enabled plastic deformation mapping with submicron resolution using digital image correlation (HDIC). It was therefore possible to study the concomitant evolution of microbands and transgranular deformation bands in such alloy. High-resolution deformation mapping also enabled comparison with high-resolution electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) observations. The only partial correspondence of results proved the limits of EBSD in characterizing plastic deformation. The cause of such limitation is later identified in the reduced sensitivity to lattice slip of the EBSD technique. Hence, a novel method of HDIC data analysis is proposed to separate the contributions of lattice slip and lattice rotation from the deformation mapping. The method is adopted to characterize plasticity in austenitic stainless steel and at the plastic deformation zone (PDZ) around a silicon particle embedded in a softer aluminum matrix. Results show that the proposed experimental methodology has the unique capability of providing a complete description of the micro and mesoscale mechanics of crystal plasticity. HDIC therefore emerges as a key technique in the development of accurate physical-based multiscale crystal plasticity models.
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Alkahtani, Abdullah. "Mechanisms by which Staphylococcus aureus induces cytokines and cell death in human keratinocytes and mouse fibroblasts." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/mechanisms-by-which-staphylococcus-aureus-induces-cytokines-and-cell-death-in-human-keratinocytes-and-mouse-fibroblasts(d34b182e-e2e3-440f-af1f-47b43d0d5196).html.
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Background: Staphylococcus aureus is an important trigger of flares in atopic dermatitis. The exact mechanisms by which S. aureus induces inflammatory responses and cell death in the skin epithelium is unclear. The aim of this thesis was to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which S. aureus induces it's pathogenic effects on keratinocyte and fibroblast cell lines. Methods: Human keratinocytes (HEKa), and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) from the NC/Nga dermatitis prone mouse strain were used to investigate the induction of Th2-promoting cytokines (IL-33 and TSLP) and cell death by S. aureus. Cytokine levels were measured by ELISA and cytotoxicity by flow cytometry. Results: Live, but not killed S. aureus or other staphylococcal species, induced release of Th2-promoting cytokines (IL-33 and TSLP) and necrosis in both human and mouse cell lines. Cytokines were not induced by TLR2 ligands, and anti-TLR2 antibodies did not inhibit release, suggesting that the TLR2 pathway was not involved. By contrast, the release of cytokines was induced by a secreted, heat-labile factor/s and could be blocked by protease and PAR2 inhibitors, suggesting that the protease-PAR2 pathway was critical. NC/Nga mouse fibroblasts that lacked soluble IL-33 (sST2) receptor were more sensitive to the effects of S. aureus than control MEF. Conclusions: S. aureus is unique amongst staphylococcal species in it's ability to induce an inflammatory response and cytotoxicity in human keratinocytes and mouse fibroblasts. The protease-PAR2 pathway is critical to this bioactivity. Development of specific inhibitors of this pathway may provide novel therapies for treating S. aureus -induced eczema flares.
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Serra, Ana Paula Gonçalves. "Método para identificação de parâmetros de qualidade de serviços aplicados a serviços móveis e interativos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-26072007-175442/.
Full textAbstract:
Atualmente, os usuários desejam obter, fornecer, compartilhar e interagir com informações e serviços com conteúdo multimídia em qualquer lugar, a qualquer momento e com qualquer dispositivo. Para que isso seja possível, um dos grandes desafios é assegurar a QoS (Quality of Service) fim a fim (entre o usuário final e a organização provedora de serviço) para a disponibilização de serviços móveis e interativos com conteúdo multimídia para os usuários finais. Em geral esse tipo de serviço têm maior exigência de QoS, pois além dos parâmetros de redes, possuem parâmetros específicos para áudio, imagem e vídeo, além de exigirem sincronização de áudio e vídeo, e a QoS fim a fim deve considerar parâmetros de QoS sob a percepção do usuário final. Com isso, o objetivo deste trabalho é propor um método para o levantamento de parâmetros de QoS para o estabelecimento de USLAs (User Service Level Agreements - Acordo do Nível de Serviço do Usuário) entre a organização provedora de serviço e o usuário final para serviços móveis e interativos com conteúdo multimídia em um ambiente de convergência tecnológica. O método consiste em quatro passos: 1. identificação do serviço a ser oferecido ao usuário final e elaboração de um grafo em árvore, que tem como objetivo identificar outros serviços que podem compor o serviço a ser oferecido ao usuário final; 2. mapeamento dos parâmetros de QoS em um metamodelo; 3. validação do metamodelo, para que se possa extrair do metamodelo os parâmetros de QoS; 4. elaboração do USLA. Este trabalho propõe um primeiro passo para solucionar a falta de métodos padronizados para o estabelecimento de USLA para serviços móveis e interativos com conteúdo multimídia sob a percepção do usuário final. Além de facilitar a identificação e composição de serviços e parâmetros, por meio de um metamodelo que proporciona a integração de classes de serviços que podem ser facilmente reutilizadas e customizadas, de acordo, com o tipo de serviço oferecido pela organização provedora de serviço e pela necessidade do usuário final.<br>In these days the final users wish to obtain, to furnish and to interact using interactive services with multimedia content anywhere, anytime and with any kind of user device. One of the biggest challenges is to assure the End-to End Quality of Service (E2E QoS) in the delivering of the interactive and multimedia services for moving users. In general, this kind of users have more strict requirements needs, because, besides of the computer network parameters, they need specify specific parameters like sound, image and video and their synchronization, on the users\' point of the view - perceived QoS. The main objective of this thesis is to present the application of a method for eliciting the E2E QoS parameters aiming the establishment of the User Service Level Agreement - USLA between the service provider and the final user applied to interactive and mobile services with multimedia content, inserted on a technological convergence environment. The method is a four steps method that consists of (1) an identification of the service to be offered to the final user and the elaboration of a tree graph aiming the identification of the composition of the service by other services (2) mapping the QoS parameters in a metamodel (3) validation of the metamodel, and extraction of the E2E QoS parameters (4) elaboration the USLA. This thesis proposes a first step to solve the lack of standardized methods for the establishment of the USLA for interactive and mobile services with multimedia content under the users\' perception. Besides of facilitating the identification and the composition of services and parameters, using a metamodel, that provides the integration of classes of services, that can be easily reused and customized, according, with the type of service offered for the service provider to the final user.
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Direito, Pedro Miguel Mimoso. "Decomposição da latência por segmento numa rede móvel de banda larga." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/12860.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrónica e Telecomunicações<br>As redes 3GPP de banda larga móvel têm vindo disponibilizar velocidades de
transmissão cada vez mais elevadas. Com a introdução das modernas redes
de 4G/LTE essas velocidades situam-se agora nos 150 Mbps. Ao mesmo
tempo, a saturação no número de subscritores e a facilidade com que estes
podem mudar de provedor de serviço, fez com que a retenção dos mesmos
fosse algo da maior importância para o sucesso financeiro de um operador
móvel.
A atenção dada à experiência de serviço, em todos os seus quadrantes, indo
do humano ao técnico, exigiu aos operadores que tenham forma de sentir,
quase em tempo real através de sistemas de garantia de serviço, o
alinhamento das expectativas dos clientes com a qualidade que a rede
disponibiliza. Um parâmetro de rede que está intimamente associado à
qualidade da rede e que não é de todo simples nem directo de medir é a
latência introduzida por cada um dos elementos ou troços da rede. A
importância deste parâmetro de qualidade de rede tem também vindo a ser
reconhecida por departamentos de gestão de topo, como já o era pelos
departamentos técnicos.
Nesta dissertação explora-se um método que permite ao operador aferir as
latências observadas na sua rede, com as suas características únicas de
túneis de GTP, utilizando tráfego gerado pelos seus próprios utilizadores, não
só de uma forma extremo a extremo (E2E), mas também parcelar. Conseguese
assim obter uma visão geral mas também microscópica da rede, o que
possibilita identificar segmentos de rede que estejam a ter impacto na
qualidade global da rede, degradando a experiência de utilização. A
granularidade permitida possibilita lançar luz sobre segmentos de rede de
onde não é de todo habitual conseguir-se sentir o seu comportamento, como é
o caso dos segmentos de core. A mesma solução irá ainda permitir que os
dados recolhidos possam alimentar diversas ferramentas de apoio à decisão,
colocando-lhe à disposição uma melhor definição.
De forma a validar a arquitectura proposta nesta dissertação, foram realizados
diferentes tipos de testes, em redes comerciais europeias, que possibilitaram
validar a relevância dos dados recolhidos, tanto a nível técnico como
comercial, e alcançar um melhor entendimento sobre a rede e os seus
impactos para a experiência do utilizador final.<br>The 3GPP mobile broadband networks have been delivering every time higher
throughputs. With the introduction of the modern 4G/LTE networks, those throughputs
reached 150 Mbps. At the same time, with the saturation on the number of mobile
subscribers and the simplicity on how they change from service provider, made from the
retention of the subscribers extremely important for the financial success of a mobile
operator.
Due to the attention given to the service experience, in all their quadrants, going from
the human to the technical, it demanded from the operators to have a way to feel,
almost in real time, by the use of service assurance systems, an alignment of the
customer expectations with the quality provided by the network. One network parameter
which is deeply related with the quality of service and that is not easily or straightforward
to measure is the latency introduced by each of the network segments. The importance
of this network quality parameter has been recognized by the top management
departments, like it was already by the technical ones.
In this thesis we explore an innovative method which allows the operator to assess the
latencies seen in his network, with their unique characteristics of GTP tunnels, using
traffic generated by their own users, not only in and E2E approach, but also by each
network segment. This way, it is possible to obtain a general view, but also microscopic
of the network, which allows to identify network segments which are having impact on
the overall network quality, degrading the customer experience. The granularity reached
allows to cast light over network segments from which it is not usual to get their
behavior, as it is the case from the core segments. The same solution will still permit to
feed decision support tools with the data collected, allowing them to have an even
higher definition.
In order to validate the architecture proposed in this thesis, we have run different tests,
in European commercial networks, which allowed validating the relevance of the data
collected, both technical and commercial, and achieving a better understanding about
the network and their impacts to the end-user experience.
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Chebbo, Manal. "SIMULATION FINE D'OPTIQUE ADAPTATIVE A TRES GRAND CHAMP POUR DES GRANDS ET FUTURS TRES GRANDS TELESCOPES." Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille Université, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00742873.
Full textAbstract:
La simulation fine de systèmes d'OA a grand champ de type MOAO, MCAO ou LTAO pour l'ELT se heurte a deux problématiques: L'augmentation du nombre de degrés de liberté du système (au carre du diamètre du télescope). Cette augmentation rend les codes de simulation classiques peu (ou pas) utilisables, en particulier en ce qui concerne les processus d'inversion et de calcul matriciel. Il faut donc envisager des approches d'inversion itératives d'un modèle direct y = A * x en s'appuyant sur les théories d'optimisation a base de matrices creuses. La complexite des systèmes, combinant des étoiles naturelles et laser, de grands miroirs déformables couvrant tous le champs et des miroirs dédiés dans les instruments eux memes, des rotations différentielles de pupille et ou de champs. Cette complexité conduit aux développements de procédures nouvelles d'étalonnages, de filtrages et fusion de données, de commandes distribuée ou globale. Ces procédures doivent être simulées finement, comparées et quantifiées en termes de performances, avant d'être implantées dans de futurs systèmes. Pour répondre a ces deux besoins. J'ai développé en, collaboration avec l'ONERA, un code de simulation complet base sur une approche de résolution itérative de systèmes linéaires a grand nombre de paramètres (utilisation de matrices creuses). Sur cette base, j'ai introduit de nouveaux concepts de filtrage et de fusion de données (étoiles laser et étoiles naturelles) pour gérer efficacement les modes de tip/tilt/defoc dans le processus complet de reconstruction tomographique. Ce code permettra aussi, a terme, de développer et tester des lois de commandes complexes (multi-DM et multi-champs) ayant a gérer la combinaison du télescope adaptatif et d'instrument post-focaux comportant eux aussi des miroirs déformables dédiés. La première application de cet outil s'est faite naturellement dans le cadre du projet de spectrographe multi-objets EAGLE, un des instruments phares du futur E-ELT, qui, du point de vue de l'optique adaptative combinera l'ensemble de ces problématiques.
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Clark, Jeremy. "Democracy Enhancing Technologies: Toward deployable and incoercible E2E elections." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5992.
Full textAbstract:
End-to-end verifiable election systems (E2E systems) provide a provably correct tally while maintaining the secrecy of each voter's ballot, even if the voter is complicit in demonstrating how they voted. Providing voter incoercibility is one of the main challenges of designing E2E systems, particularly in the case of internet voting. A second challenge is building deployable, human-voteable E2E systems that conform to election laws and conventions. This dissertation examines deployability, coercion-resistance, and their intersection in election systems. In the course of this study, we introduce three new election systems, (Scantegrity, Eperio, and Selections), report on two real-world elections using E2E systems (Punchscan and Scantegrity), and study incoercibility issues in one deployed system (Punchscan). In addition, we propose and study new practical primitives for random beacons, secret printing, and panic passwords. These are tools that can be used in an election to, respectively, generate publicly verifiable random numbers, distribute the printing of secrets between non-colluding printers, and to covertly signal duress during authentication. While developed to solve specific problems in deployable and incoercible E2E systems, these techniques may be of independent interest.
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Sullivan, Michael Lee. "Biochemical and molecular characterization of ubiquitin carrier proteins (E2s) from higher plants." 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/25684042.html.
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Yampolskiy, Mark [Verfasser]. "Maßnahmen zur Sicherung von E2E-QoS bei verketteten Diensten / vorgelegt von Mark Yampolskiy." 2009. http://d-nb.info/100005196X/34.
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Hong, Jenny (Hong). "Structural and Functional Relationships between Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzymes (E2s) and Ubiquitin Ligases (E3s)." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/35799.
Full textAbstract:
The first part of the thesis describes a systematic function analysis that identified in vitro E2 partners for ten different HECT E3 ligase proteins. Using mass spectrometry, the linkage composition for the resulting autoubiquitylation products of a number of functional E2-HECT pairs was determined. HECT domains from different subfamilies catalyze the formation of very different types of Ub chains, largely independent of the E2 in the reaction.
The second part of the thesis describes the characterization of the RAD6-interactome. Using affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry, I identified a novel RAD6-interacting E3 ligase, KCMF1, which binds to a different surface on RAD6 than the other RAD6-associated E3 ligases. KCMF1 also recruits additional proteins to RAD6, and this new complex points to novel RAD6 functions. Interestingly, the RAD6A R11Q mutant polypeptide, found in X-linked mental retardation patients specifically loses the interaction with KCMF1, but not with other RAD6-associated E3 ligases.
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Ho, Jeremy. "BXE2E: a bidirectional transformation approach for medical record exchange." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7988.
Full textAbstract:
Modern health care systems are information dense and increasingly relying on computer-based information systems. Regrettably, many of these information systems behave only as an information repository, and the interoperability between different systems remains a challenge even with decades of investment in health information exchange standards. Medical records are complex data models and developing medical data import / export functions a is difficult, prone to error and hard to maintain process. Bidirectional transformations (bx) theories have been developed within the last decade in the fields of software engineering, programming languages and databases as a mechanism for relating different data models and keeping them consistent with each other. Current bx theories and tools have been applied to hand-picked, small-size problems outside of the health care sector. However, we believe that medical record exchange is a promising industrial application case for applying bx theories and may resolve some of the interoperability challenges in this domain. We introduce BXE2E, a proof-of-concept framework which frames the medical record interoperability challenge as a bx problem and provides a real world application of bx theories. During our experiments, BXE2E was able to reliably import / export medical records correctly and with reasonable performance. By applying bx theories to the medical document exchange problem, we are able to demonstrate a method of reducing the difficulty of creating and maintaining such a system as well as reducing the number of errors that may result. The fundamental BXE2E design allows it to be easily integrated to other data systems that could benefit from bx theories.<br>Graduate<br>0984
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Марчук, Максим Денисович. "Реалізація Webmail сервісу". Магістерська робота, 2021. https://dspace.znu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/12345/6087.
Full textAbstract:
Марчук М. Д. Реалізація Webmail сервісу : кваліфікаційна робота магістра спеціальності 121 "Інженерія програмного забезпечення" / наук. керівник В. І. Горбенко. Запоріжжя : ЗНУ, 2021. 44 с.<br>UA : Робота викладена на 44 сторінках друкованого тексту, містить 30 рисунків, 11 джерел. Об’єкт дослідження: реалізація Webmail сервісу. Мета дослідження: розробка клієнтської програми електронної пошти у веб-браузері. Методи дослідження: методи об’єктно-орієнтованого програмування. В даній роботі висвітлюються етапи розробки Webmail сервісу. Під час збору даних були оброблені методичні матеріали повикористанню протоколів для трансферу та обробки електронних листівPOP3, IMAP, SMTP, а також засоби наскрізного шифрування даних. Реалізація під собою передбачає розробку на мові JavaScript із використанням додаткових технологій, як: React, Redux, npm, Webpack, Babel, Express тощо. Під час розробки окремих частин програмного продукту були взяті за основу декілька парадигм програмування: структурна (розробка серверу); об’єктно-орієнтоване з використанням автоматного програмування (розробка основних компонентів програми). Підсумковим результатом розробки вважається функціонуючий Webmail сервіс.<br>EN : The work is presented on 44 pages of printed text, 30 figures, 11 references. The object of the study is the implementation of Webmail service. The aim of the study is to develop an email client in a browser. The methods of research are methods of object-oriented programming. This paper highlights the stages of development of Webmail service. During the collection of information, methodical materials on the use of protocols for the transfer and processing of e-mails POP3, IMAP, SMTP, as well as means of end-to-end data encryption were processed. The implementation involves development via JavaScript language using additional technologies such as React, Redux, npm, Webpack, babel, express etc. During the development of some parts of the software product were taken as a basis for several programming paradigms: structural (server development); object-oriented with the use of automatic programming (development of the main components of the program). The final result of the development is considered a functioning Webmail service.