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Pandey, Amare Ketsela Tesfaye and Amrit. "Empirical Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms based on EMG, ECG and GSR Data to Classify Emotional States." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3673.
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The peripheral psychophysiological signals (EMG, ECG and GSR) of 13 participants were recorded in the well planned Cognition and Robotics lab at BTH University and 9 participants data were taken for further processing. Thirty(30) pictures of IAPS were shown to each participant individually as stimuli, and each picture was displayed for five-second intervals. Signal preprocessing, feature extraction and selection, models, datasets formation and data analysis and interpretation were done. The correlation between a combination of EMG, ECG and GSR signal and emotional states were investigated. 2- Dimensional valence-arousal model was used to represent emotional states. Finally, accuracy comparisons among selected machine learning classification algorithms have performed. Context: Psychophysiological measurement is one of the recent and popular ways to identify emotions when using computers or robots. It can be done using peripheral signals: Electromyography (EMG), Electrocardiography (ECG) and Galvanic Skin Response (GSR). The signals from these measurements are considered as reliable signals and can produce the required data. It is further carried out by preprocessing of data, feature selection and classification. Classification of EMG, ECG and GSR data can be conducted with appropriate machine learning algorithms for better accuracy results. Objectives: In this study, we investigate and analyzed with psychophysiological (EMG, ECG and GSR) data to find best classifier algorithm. Our main objective is to classify those data with appropriate machine learning techniques. Classifications of psychophysiological data are useful in emotion recognition. Therefore, our ultimate goal is to provide validated classified psychological measures for the automated adoption of human robot performance. Methods: We conducted a literature review in order to answer RQ1. The sources used are Inspec/ Compendex, IEEE, ACM Digital Library, Google Scholar and Springer Link. This helps us to identify suitable features required for the classification after reading the articles and papers that are peer reviewed as well as lie relevant to the area. Similarly, this helps us to select appropriate machine learning algorithms. We conducted an experiment in order to answer RQ2 and RQ3. A pilot experiment, then after main experiment was conducted in the Cognition and Robotics lab at the university. An experiment was conducted to take measures from EMG, ECG and GSR signal. Results: We obtained different accuracy results using different sets of datasets. The classification accuracy result was best given by the Support Vector Machine algorithm, which gives up to 59% classified emotional states correctly. Conclusions: The psychophysiological signals are very inconsistent with individual participant for specific emotion. Hence, the result we got from the experiment was higher with a single participant than all participants were together. Although, having large number of instances are good to train the classifier well.<br>The thesis is focused to classify emotional states from physiological signals. Features extraction and selection of the physiological signal was done, which was used for dataset formation and then classification of those emotional states. IAPS pictures were used to elicit emotional/affective states. Experiment was conducted with 13 participants in cognition and Robotics lab using biosensors EMG, ECG and GSR at BTH University. Nine participants data were taken for further preprocessing. We observed in our thesis the classification of emotions which could be analyzed by a combination of psychophysiological signal as Model A and Model B. Since signals of subjects are different for same emotional state, the accuracy was better for single participant than all participants together. Classification of emotional states is useful for HCI and HRI to manufacture emotional intelligence robot. So, it is essential to provide best classifier algorithms which can be helpful to detect emotions for developing emotional intelligence robots. Our work contribution lies in providing best algorithms for emotion recognition for psychophysiological data and selected features. Most of the results showed that SVM performed best with classification accuracy up to 59 % for single participant and 48.05 % for all participants together. For a single dataset and single participant, we found 60.17 % accuracy from MLP but it consumed more time and memory than other algorithms during classification. The rest of the algorithms like BNT, Naive Bayes, KNN and J48 also gave competitive accuracy to SVM. We conclude that SVM algorithm for emotion recognition from a combination of EMG, ECG and GSR is capable of handling and giving better classification accuracy among others. Tally between IAPS pictures with SAM helped to remove less correlated signals and to obtain better accuracies. Still the obtained results are small in percentage. Therefore, more participants are probably needed to get a better accuracy result over the whole dataset.<br>amarehenry@gmail.com ; Mobile: 0767042234 amrit.pandey111@gmail.com ; Mobile : 0704763190
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Poiseau, Éric. "Traitement du signal appliqué à l'analyse des signaux EEG et ECG enregistrés pendant le sommeil." Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMPD592.
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Ce mémoire concerne l'analyse des signaux EEG et ECG enregistrés pendant le sommeil en vue de l'identification automatique des différents stades du sommeil et de l'évaluation quantitative de l'effet de certaines drogues sur les paramètres électrophysiologiques les caractérisant. Le premier chapitre est un chapitre d'introduction qui présente les différents stades du sommeil. Il présente les conditions expérimentales d'acquisition des signaux utilisés pour l'évaluation des algorithmes décrits dans les chapitres suivants. Le second chapitre est consacré à l'exposé de méthodes d'analyse des signaux EEG durant le stade 2 du sommeil. Deux approches complémentaires ont été développées et validées. La première repose sur une technique de filtrage adapté. Le signal EEGB est convolué avec des "templates" simulant des formes types de fuseaux de sommeil et de complexes-K. La détection repose sur un algorithme multicritères mettant en jeu des seuils d'amplitude de durée et d'énergie. La deuxième approche utilise une analyse spectrale multi-canaux afin d'étudier la répartition énergétique de l'EEG à la surface du scalp en vue de la localisation de l'activité fuseau. Ces deux analyses mettent en évidence la présence de fuseaux de sommeil pendant les stades 3 et 4 du sommeil. Le troisième chapitre traite de l'étude de la variabilité du rythme cardiaque durant les différents stades du sommeil. Un algorithme pour la détection automatique des complexes QRS est proposé. Le processus de reconnaissance retenu repose sur l'étude des pseudo-périodicités morphologiques au sein du signal ECG. Il combine analyse morphologique et approche physiologique. L'algorithme a été utilisé pour l'étude des variations de l'intervalle R-R en fonction des différents stades du sommeil et de l'effet de substances pharmacologiques. Il est montré que certaines variations de l'intervalle R-R pourraient être utilisées pour prévoir les changements dans l'architecture du sommeil.
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Zeaiter, Hayssam. "Analyse des stades de sommeil et de veille chez les nouveaux-nés prémarturés par évaluation des signaux EEG et ECG." Compiègne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001COMP1337.
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L'objectif principal de cette thèse est la détection automatique des stades de sommeil chez les nouveau-nés prématurés à partir de l'électroencéphalogramme (EEG). Deux objectifs complémentaires sont l'évaluation de la relation température-sommeil ainsi que la relation température-maturité de la partie autonome du système nerveux central (SNC). Le but souhaité est de trouver la relation transitive entre le sommeil et la maturité du SNC. Nous avons appliqué deux méthodes de détection d'événements par traitement du signal. La première méthode, basée sur le principe de la construction d'une base de données à partir des paramètres temporaux et spectraux, est appelée méthode de détection et de classification automatique (MDA). Celle-ci a fourni des résultats encourageants puisque le taux moyen de bonne détection varie de 37 à 47% selon le protocole utilisé. La deuxième méthode est appelée méthode de détection par analyse des moments statistiques (MDM). Celle-ci est très satisfaisante puisque le taux de bonne détection varie de 77% à 85%. Pour évaluer la relation entre température et sommeil, nous avons réalisé une étude statistique (test ) sur 20 sujets (données cliniques), pour évaluer l'influence du changement de température sur la distribution et la durée des stades dans un cycle de sommeil. Les résultats ont montré une relation forte entre la température ambiante et le sommeil surtout dans un milieu froid. Enfin, pour évaluer la relation entre température et maturité de la partie autonome du SNC, nous avons utilisé des techniques nommées PIB (puissance instantanée dans une bande de fréquence sur l'EEG) et PTI (information mutuelle entre EEG et l'électrocardiogramme (ECG)) sous l'influence du changement de température ambiante.
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Mathew, Blesy Anu. "ENTROPY OF ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM (EEG) SIGNALS CHANGES WITH SLEEP STATE." UKnowledge, 2006. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/203.
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We hypothesized that temporal features of EEG are altered in sleep apnea subjects comparedto normal subjects. The initial aim was to develop a measure to discriminate sleep stages innormals. The longer-term goal was to apply these methods to identify differences in EEGactivity in sleep apnea subjects from normals. We analyzed the C3A2 EEG and anelectrooculogram (EOG) recorded from 9 normal adults awake and in rapid eye movement(REM) and non-REM sleep. The EEG signals were filtered to remove EOG contamination. Twomeasures of the irregularity of EEG signals, Sample Entropy (SpEn) and Tsallis Entropy, wereevaluated for their ability to discriminate sleep stages. SpEn changes with sleep state, beinglargest in Wake. Stage 3/4 had the smallest SpEn (0.57??0.11) normalized to Wake values,followed by Stage 2 (0.72??0.09), REM (0.75??0.1) and Stage 1 (0.89??0.05). This pattern wasconsistent in all the polysomnogram records analyzed. Similar pattern was observed in leadO1A2 as well. We conclude that SpEn may be useful as part of a montage for assessing sleepstate. We analyzed data from sleep apnea subjects having obstructive and central apnea eventsand have made some preliminary observations; the SpEn values were more similar across sleepstages and also high correlation with oxygen saturation was observed.
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Mazzonetto, Ilaria. "EEG source reconstruction accuracy and integration of simultaneous EEG-fMRI resting state data." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422668.
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The resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) approach has allowed to investigate the large scale organization of processing systems in the human brain, revealing that it can be viewed as an integrative network of functionally interacting regions. However, to date the neuronal basis of the fluctuations of the fMRI signal at rest are not fully understood, preventing the possibility to elucidate their functional role. In this scenario, the integration with information derived from electroencephalography (EEG) is very useful, since conversely from fMRI, EEG represents a direct measure of neuronal activity. EEG-fMRI resting state studies investigating the correlation between fMRI signals and corresponding global EEG spectral characteristics in single spectral bands have provided a certain degree of inconsistency in the results. This may be due to the fact that the distinct functional networks involve more than a single frequency band and therefore analysis of simultaneous EEG/fMRI data should consider the whole frequency spectrum. A couple of studies have been performed in this directions but they either did not investigate how the scalp distribution of the EEG spectral metrics affects the patterns of correlations between EEG spectral dynamics and fMRI-derived resting state network or did not identify the specific scalp regions that specifically determined the pattern of observed results. To overcome this gap, with the aim to identify specific spatio-spectral fingerprints of distinct networks, a first study was conducted using an analytical approach that allows to take into account the interplay between the different EEG frequency bands and the corresponding topographic distribution within each network. Specifically, this approach was applied to four sub-components of the Default Mode Network (DMN). Results revealed for the first time the presence of distinctive subcomponent-specific spatial-frequency patterns of correlation between the fMRI signal and EEG rhythm. It should however be noted that spatial resolution of the EEG signal is too low to reliably infer about the location of the involved EEG sources. Therefore, a further step forward could be to try extending the findings of the first study in this direction by performing a source estimation study. Since it is not clear whether the 64 channels EEG system employed in the first study can provide adequate localization performance as regard our regions of interest, an investigation of the source reconstruction accuracy throughout the brain was performed in a second study. Specifically, the 64-channel montage was compared to 32-channel montage, the standard in the clinical practice, as well as to 128-channel montage and to 256- channel montage, considered as the upper reference point. Unlike previous studies, source performances were evaluated all over the cortical grey matter. Results indicate that the localization of the cortical sources of the spatio-spectral fingerprints revealed by the previous study can be adequately inferred by using 64 channels, but a confirmation study with a 128, or even better 256, channels montage is needed. Moreover, particular attention should be paid to investigate deep regions, where localization performance is worse regardless the number of electrodes used.<br>Gli studi di risonanza magnetica funzionale (fMRI) in resting state hanno permesso di studiare l'organizzazione del cervello umano su ampia scala, rivelando che esso può essere visto come una rete di regioni funzionalmente connesse (networks). Ad oggi, però, le basi neurali delle fluttuazioni del segnale fMRI nelle varie regioni nella condizione di resting non sono pienamente comprese e ciò impedisce di chiarire il loro ruolo funzionale. In questo scenario, l'integrazione con l'informazione derivata dall'elettroencefalografia (EEG) è molto utile poiché questa,contrariamente alla risonanza magnetica funzionale, fornisce una misura diretta dell'attività neuronale. Finora, gli studi EEG-fMRI in condizioni di riposo che valutano le correlazioni fra il segnale fMRI e le caratteristiche spettrali del segnale EEG in una singola banda di interesse hanno portato a risultati tra loro incosistenti. Questo può essere dovuto al fatto che network funzionalmente distinti possono coinvolgere più di una singola banda, e quindi andrebbe analizzato l'intero spettro delle frequenze. Alcuni studi sono stati condotti in questa direzione ma o non hanno studiato come la distribuzione delle frequenze sullo scalpo influenza i pattern di correlazioni, o non hanno individuato quali regioni dello scalpo determinano in maniera specifica il pattern dei risultati osservati. Per superare questo limite, con lo scopo di identificare gli specifici correlati spazio-spettrali dei vari networks, un primo studio è stato condotto usando un approccio analitico che permette di considerare la relazione tre le differenti bande di frequenza EEG e la corrispondente distribuzione topografica all'interno di ciascun network. Specificatamente, questo approccio è stato applicato a quattro sottocomponenti del Default Mode Network. I risultati hanno rilevato per la prima volta la presenza di specifici pattern spazio-spettrali di correlazioni tra il segnale fMRI di un network e i diversi ritmi EEG. Dato che la risoluzione spaziale dell'EEG non permette di fare precise inferenze sulla localizzazione spaziale delle sorgenti neurali corrispondenti, un ulteriore passo in avanti potrebbe essere quello di estendere questi risultati con uno studio di ricostruzione delle sorgenti corticali. Inoltre, visto che non è chiaro se il sistema EEG a 64 canali utilizzato nel primo studio possa fornire performance accettabili, è stato fatto un secondo studio volto a valutare l’adeguatezza di questo sistema allo scopo. Nello specifico, l'accuratezza nel localizzare le sorgenti EEG ottenuta con il montaggio a 64 canali è stata confrontata con quelle ottenute con montaggi a 32 canali, lo standard in clinica, a 128 e a 256 canali. Diversamente da studi precedenti, le performance sono state valutate su tutto lo scalpo. I risultati indicano che le sorgenti corticali dei correlati spazio-spettrali dei network individuati nello studio precedente possono essere localizzate con una risoluzione spaziale adeguata usando 64 canali, sebbene sia necessario uno studio confermativo con 128 o 256 canali. Inoltre, andrebbe prestata particolare attenzione nel caso vengano investigate regioni cerebrali più profonde, nelle queli le performance sono basse a prescindere dal numero di canali utilizzato.
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Koch, Gary D. "Re-engineering the United States Marine Corp's Enlisted Assignment Model (EAM) /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA350140.
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Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1998.<br>Thesis advisor(s): Hemant Bhargava, Suresh Sridhar. "June 1998." Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-130). Also available online.
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Koch, Gary D. Jr. "Re-engineering the United States Marine Corp's Enlisted Assignment Model (EAM)." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/26723.
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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited<br>In a time of downsizing and budgetary constraints the Manpower division of Headquarters, United States Marine Corps, accomplishes its mission to put the right Marine in the right place at the right time with the right skills and quality of life" in a variety of ways. Currently, one of the processes that assist the Marine Enlisted Assignments branch is the Enlisted Assignment Model. The current system is not producing the results that are needed and the current managers do not tmst the output. This thesis proposes changes to the EAM user interface, data access, and data storage capabilities to enable the Marine Corps to use the latest information technology to more closely mirror the vision as stated above. With the use of Business Process Reengineering, Process Modeling, and Database Design a prototype is developed to address areas of the current system that can be changed. By using these methods to ensure an appropriate interface with optimization techniques, a complete Decision Support System for manpower assignments can be realized. These changes will empower managers to effectively and efficiently manage, not just monitor manpower readiness in order to meet the challenges of the 2l% century.
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Hamburg, Sarah. "Resting-state EEG in adults with Down syndrome." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10048443/.
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Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) show a high degree of inter-subject variability in cognitive ability. Elucidating factors associated with variability in cognitive function can inform us about intellectual disability severity and potentially provide biomarkers of ability for clinical trials targeting cognition in individuals with DS (including trials aimed at preventing cognitive decline). Resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) can be used to obtain information about neural factors that may be underlying variability in cognitive function. This thesis uses eyes-open (EO; n=48) and eyes-closed (EC; n=36) resting-state EEG paradigms in adults with DS free from detectable signs of cognitive decline or dementia to identify EEG measures associated with general cognitive ability, and to investigate age-related changes in EEG activity in this population. Oscillations of interest were then modelled using dynamic causal modelling (DCM) to identify potential neurophysiological mechanisms underlying individual differences in general cognitive ability. Initial analysis suggested that individuals with DS have an overall slower EC EEG spectrum (and particularly strong differences in alpha activity) compared to typically-developing age-matched control subjects (open source control dataset used). Within individuals with DS, increasing age was associated with EEG changes in both paradigms. When controlling for age, higher general cognitive ability was associated with higher delta power (EO only), higher theta power (EC only), and higher alpha peak amplitude (EC only). Modelling the theta-alpha network identified “intrinsic self-inhibition” as the most important neurophysiological parameter underlying the relationship between theta-alpha activity and general cognitive ability in this sample. Further analysis revealed a strong inverse relationship between occipital intrinsic self-inhibition and general cognitive ability. Findings of this thesis enhance our understanding of neural factors associated with individual differences in general cognitive ability in adults with DS, provide a potential biomarker of ability for clinical trials, and indicate potential targets for cognitive enhancement in this population. The finding that increased inhibition may be associated with cognitive impairment in this population is in keeping with animal model literature and warrants further investigation.
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Krenzke, Shaun R. "Housing for empowerment : more than just a place to eat, sleep, and watch TV." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1305456.
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I began this investigation by asking a question. What is a possible design solutionthat can enable people who live-in or seek-out affordable housing to inhabit a structure that is more than a shelter, but a place they are proud to return to, bring friends to, and live in?The first portion of this thesis documents the need for affordable housing in the United States. Franklin Roosevelt, in 1944 before United States Congress, listed one of the economic rights of every citizen to be, "the right of every family to a decent home." Less money is being spent building new affordable housing or maintaining existing housing than at any other time in our history. The need for affordable housing continues to grow while the amount of available units continues to decline. There will always be a need for affordable housing in the United States. Some people will move out, but there will be new people with a need. I believe housing should be more than merely shelter. The rundown big box affordable housing we are all familiar with does not empower the people who occupy it to live their lives or easily better themselves. They are isolated in location and by negative connotation. There are a growing number of architects who have taken on the challenge to help people to better themselves, when they are unable to themselves. The four architectural precedents that are documented in the second portion of this thesis have dedicated their lives and abilities to creating better affordable housing that aids in allowing citizens, reguardless of race, ethnicity, or income (economic status), to benefit from their physical environment. Examples of each architectural firm's work are presented. I examine the design and participatory processes that enabled the architects to empower the people who live in their well-designed affordable housing.The final portion of this thesis focuses on stating and justifying seventeen design principles to enable people to create decent affordable housing based on the research and interviews. These principles investigate the ideas of being human, giving the sense of ownership to the people who live in affordable housing, being contextually respectful to one's neighborhood and community, being environmentally friendly, being modifiable or changeable for the different people who live in it over time, and respecting each family's specific story and enabling them to express their life and lifestyle. This thesis expresses the design principles of housing for empowerment.<br>Department of Architecture
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Giacobbe, Martina. "Analysis of transient states in EMG signals with applications to robotic prostheses." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15861/.
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The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and classify EMG signals for prosthetic control. For transradial amputees the electrical signal of muscles is acquired, processed and classified with the final scope of moving a prosthetic hand. This signal has a first transient state related to the dynamic part of the movement starting from rest and a subsequent steady state which corresponds to the sustained and voluntary contraction. Up to now the classification has been performed only on the steady state, instead in this thesis we will include also the transient. The classification of the transient, due to its instability, is more difficult than for a stationary signal, however it can help to speed up the time necessary to move the prosthesis. In order to do that we use different instruments of pattern recognition and we show that in many situations the transient already provides a good classification, compatible with the steady state. Nevertheless the results depend on the abilities of the single patient.
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Rissacher, Daniel J. "Neural network recognition of pain state in EEG recordings." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16646.
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Taylor, William Nelson. "Do Not Eat Fish from These Waters and Other Stories." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278886/.
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Earl suffers from a guilty obsession with a monster catfish. Eddie Klomp searches dog tracks for the ghosts of his lost childhood. Mike Towns is a hopeless blues musician who loses everything he cares for. Blair Evans learns to love a pesky wart. Americana becomes confused with the difference between knowledge and sex. Do Not Eat Fish from These Waters And Other Stories is a collection of short stories that explores the strange and often defeated lives of these Southern characters (and one from the point-of-view of a feral hog). Each man, woman, and hog flails through a period of potential metamorphosis trying to find some sort of meaning and worth in the past, present and future. Not all of these characters succeed.
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Tooley, James. "E.G. West and state intervention in education : a philosophical exploration." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1994. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10007512/.
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E.G. West raises, but does not adequately address, philosophical issues concerning the justification for state intervention in education. West's market model is outlined, and likely objections - based on recent arguments against 'internal markets' in education - are explored. Chapter 1 outlines West's role for the state in inspecting a 'minimum adequate education for all'. Chapter 2 examines whether this could overcome the objection that markets won't satisfy equality of opportunity. Williams', Rawls' and Dworkin's arguments on equality are found compatible with West's model. The curriculum for West's model is then investigated: Chapter 3 considers 'education for democracy', and whether compulsion is needed to ensure the desired qualities for democratic participation emerge, or whether they could emerge freely in civil society. A reductio ad absurdum argument brings out the illiberal consequence of a compulsory curriculum, of a 'fitness test' for democratic participation. Chapter 4 explores 'education for autonomy'. John White's argument for a compulsory curriculum for autonomy could undermine other autonomy-promoting institutions in civil society, it is suggested. White's argument depends upon Joseph Raz's argument for state promotion of autonomy, which is explored, raising the 'epistemic argument' for markets. John Gray's argument to this effect is extended, to suggest that there will be difficulties with any 'fleshing out' of West's curriculum if it is to be promoted by the state. One way around this, democratic control of the curriculum, is explored in chapter 5. Difficulties with John White's approach arise because of logical constraints on improving democracy, raised by consideration of social choice theory (Arrow's theorem and its corollaries) and public choice theory (logrolling). Chapter 6 considers the objection to markets that education is a 'public good', using the arguments of Gerald Grace and Ruth Jonathan. These are put in the context of the game. theory literature of De Jasay, Taylor, and Axelrod. The 'public goods dilemma' is explored, to arrive at less pessimistic conclusions about markets in education than the critics of markets we consider. Finally, chapter 7 briefly relates the issues to the contemporary discussion about markets, including internal markets and vouchers, in education.
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Lark, Jeffrey W. Reyes Mark A. "Evaluation of Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) and Web Services at Fitting Out and Supply Support Assistance Center (FOSSAC) under NMCI /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02sep%5FLark.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Information Systems Technology)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2002.<br>Thesis advisor(s): Glenn R. Cook, Rex A. Buddenburg. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-78). Also available online.
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Sohaib, Ahmad Tauseef, and Shahnawaz Qureshi. "An Empirical Study of Machine Learning Techniques for Classifying Emotional States from EEG Data." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2932.
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With the great advancement in robot technology, smart human-robot interaction is considered to be the most wanted success by the researchers these days. If a robot can identify emotions and intentions of a human interacting with it, that would make robots more useful. Electroencephalography (EEG) is considered one effective way of recording emotions and motivations of a human using brain. Various machine learning techniques are used successfully to classify EEG data accurately. K-Nearest Neighbor, Bayesian Network, Artificial Neural Networks and Support Vector Machine are among the suitable machine learning techniques to classify EEG data. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate different machine learning techniques to classify EEG data associated with specific affective/emotional states. Different methods based on different signal processing techniques are studied to find a suitable method to process the EEG data. Various number of EEG data features are used to identify those which give best results for different classification techniques. Different methods are designed to format the dataset for EEG data. Formatted datasets are then evaluated on various machine learning techniques to find out which technique can accurately classify EEG data according to associated affective/emotional states. Research method includes conducting an experiment. The aim of the experiment was to find the various emotional states in subjects as they look on different pictures and record the EEG data. The obtained EEG data is processed, formatted and evaluated on various machine learning techniques to find out which technique can accurately classify EEG data according to associated affective/emotional states. The experiment confirms the choice of a technique for improving the accuracy of results. According to the results, Support Vector Machine is the first and Regression Tree is the second best to classify EEG data associated with specific affective/emotional states with accuracies up to 70.00% and 60.00% respectively. SVM is better in performance than RT. However, RT is famous for providing better accuracies for diverse EEG data.
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Thum, Jasmine. "Characterizing EEG Brain States During General Anesthesia in Children: Insights for Improved Brain Monitoring." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27007764.
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Current brain monitors in clinical anesthesia use electroencephalography (EEG) based single indices (patient state indices, PSIs) as a biomarker for level of unconsciousness. These values range from zero (isoelectric) to one-hundred (fully awake and alert). However several variables contribute to the non-precise application of these PSIs to operative patient care. One important variable that obscures the interpretation of the PSIs for depth of anesthesia monitors (DoAMs) is patient age. DoAMs are used less frequently in children because operatively safe clinical PSIs do not reliably correlate with the patient’s clinical exam. Nonetheless, reliable monitoring of brain activity remains an important issue for managing anesthetic care given increasing concerns about adverse neuro-cognitive effects following general anesthesia (GA) in vulnerable populations, including pediatric patients. However, a detailed analysis of EEG signals has not yet been performed in children under GA, and reliable standards of care for brain monitoring during GA have yet to be established. In an effort to establish a robust biomarker for loss of consciousness (LOC) under GA regardless of patient age, I investigated how sevoflurane, the most commonly used pediatric GA, affects brain function in childhood and young adulthood.
Brain activity from patients aged 0 to 28 years (n = 54) was recorded using a 4-lead electroencephalogram (EEG) during routine care of patients receiving GA in this cross-sectional study. The EEG was characterized as a function of age and within 5 age groups: <1 yr old (n=4), 1–6 yr old (n=12), >6–14 yr old (n=14), >14–21 yr old (n=11), >21–28 yr old (n=13) which were determined based on developmental milestones and grouping after inspection of the data. The EEG power spectrum analysis using the multitaper method and coherence analysis were performed over a 10-minute period of stable anesthetic maintenance for each patient subgroup in 6 canonical EEG frequency bands.
Results showed that when compared with the adolescent (>14–21 yr) and young adult (YA) populations (>21–28 yr), EEG power in the pediatric population (>1 yr) was much larger, between 0.1–50 Hz, with a peak in total power around 5–6 years old. However for patients >1 yr, alpha band coherence structure was similar, and a distinct spectral signature consisting of a dominant alpha and slow oscillation emerged for patients of all ages, which is similar to the spectral signature seen in adult patients under sevoflurane GA. The only population this spectral signature did not apply to was infants (<1 yr), who did not exhibit prominent power or coherence in the alpha band, since neural circuitry necessary for this dynamic develops at about 1 yr of age.
The differences in EEG power and distribution of power across the canonical frequency bands at various ages helps explain why current DoAMs are inaccurate in kids. An ideal DoAM would be indicated for use in all age ranges. Since children >1yr and YAs have a reproducible, qualitatively similar EEG spectral signature under sevoflurane GA at operative levels, this may be used as a more reliable and robust biomarker for LOC. Furthermore, these similarities in the EEG spectra likely imply that similar underlying neurophysiological principles apply to the developing and developed brain to induce LOC. These EEG spectral anesthetic signature (SAS) patterns for various anesthetics have been associated with the onset of LOC in adults in behavioral studies in the Brown and Purdon labs, and may serve as an appropriate proxy for LOC in children as well. Based on these findings, a closed-loop brain activity monitor is being developed with the aim of dosing general anesthetics only until SAS patterns associated with the particular anesthetic drug in use is identified real-time. GA maintenance and emergence could similarly be moderated by the closed-loop system assuming the relationship between the anesthetics used, and the SAS is known. This could potentially greatly decrease drug use and the neurotoxic effects of GA overdosing in the future.
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Shyn, Stanley I. "Cameleon reveals a physiologic correlate for alternative behavioral states in Caenorhabditis elegans egg-laying /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3094611.
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Pawling, Ralph. "Remembering the prior body states of others : evidence from facial EMG and pupil size." Thesis, Bangor University, 2014. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/remembering-the-prior-body-states-of-others--evidence-from-facial-emg-and-pupil-size(43ac7c54-5c96-47f2-8cb3-33790853342c).html.
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Other people's internal emotional states can sometimes be perceived through the physical responses they cause. These responses are mimicked, or embodied, by viewers, and this process is believed to aid prediction of other people's feelings and future actions. We propose that when other people's emotional expressions are embodied through facial mimicry, these embodiments are reactivated during later encounters, even when the person who was previously emotional now shows no emotional state. These embodied retrieval processes might underpin the ability to act predictively of someone's future state. We also propose that even subtle cues, that are not knowingly perceived, cause long-term changes in the way we represent individuals. In the first half of this thesis the reinstatement of facial mimicry effects was investigated. In a series of experiments participants viewed faces that became consistently happy or angry, and later viewed the same faces with neutral expressions. Facial mimicry effects elicited by the faces were shown to be activated predictively of the forthcoming emotion, and in the later task reactivated in response to the neutral faces. These effects only occurred in those participants who first embodied the emotions they saw on the faces, and were shown not to occur for emotional but nonfacial stimuli.
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Davis, Lindsey Brooke. "Efficacy of Audiologic and Otologic Outcome Measures to Predict Middle Ear Status." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1050962431.
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Jann, Kay. "Restless rest the brain's resting state explored by combined EEG and fMRI /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://www.zb.unibe.ch/download/eldiss/09jann_k.pdf.
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Adebimpe, Azeez Ayodeji. "Resting-state EEG functional connectivity analysis in benign childhood epilepsy and neonate." Thesis, Amiens, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AMIE0039/document.
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Le travail réalisé au cours de cette thèse a porté sur l'étude de la connectivité cérébrale fonctionnelle des réseaux épileptiques chez des enfants présentant des épilepsies avec pointes centro temporales (EPCT), et sur l'organisation fonctionnelle des réseaux de repos chez des nouveaux-nés sains et des prématurés. Les patients épileptiques présentent une désorganisation fonctionnelle cérébrale qui participe à une altération des réseaux de repos selon la gamme de fréquence des activités cérébrales. Cette désorganisation fonctionnelle bien que plus importante durant les périodes de pointes épileptiques intercritiques est aussi observée dans les périodes sans pointes intercritiques. Les régions impliquées dans la genèse et la propagation des pointes intercritiques englobent la région centrale (zone épileptiques), la région rolandique et l'aire prémotrice. Chez le nouveau-né et le prématuré la connectivité fonctionnelle est majeure dans les régions frontales et postérieures. Les activités endogènes thêta temporales du prématuré présentent une connectivité restreinte aux seules régions temporales. Chez le nouveau-né à terme l'organisation fonctionnelle est similaire avec une forte connectivité dans les régions frontales temporales et postérieures dans le sommeil calme et le sommeil agité<br>The thesis investigated the functional connectivity in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spike and functional brain network organization in preterm and full-term neonates. The patients with the epilepsy had functional brain disruption and the alterations of resting state functional connectivity is frequency dependent in comparison to the healthy controls. The epileptic brain network is disrupted in the presence and absence of interictal epileptic discharges. The regions involved in the generation and propagation of epilepsy were identified including epileptic zone (central region), rolandic region and the supplementary motor areas. In the neonates, preterm neonates were characterized with the high functional connectivity at the frontal and posterior regions. The presence of endogenous activity in preterm such as theta temporal activity revealed high functional connectivity at the temporal region. Similar functional brain network organization was observed in full-term neonates with the high functional activity at the frontal, temporal and posterior regions in both active and quite sleep periods
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Raith, Karina. "Kontinuierliche EEG Überwachung für die Therapie von Hunden und Katzen im Status epilepticus." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-122812.
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Portilla, Enrique. "Improving egg production estimates for mackerel and horse mackerel using multi-stages eggs." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425954.
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Kudrimoti, Hemant Shashikant. "Reactivation of hippocampal cell assemblies: Effects of behavioral state, experience and EEG dynamics." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/284692.
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During slow-wave sleep (SWS), traces of neuronal activity patterns from preceding behavior can be observed in rat hippocampus and neocortex. The spontaneous reactivation of these patterns is manifested as the reinstatement of the distribution of pairwise firing rate correlations within a population of simultaneously recorded neurons. The effects of behavioral state (quiet wakefulness, SWS and REM), interactions between two successive spatial experiences, and global modulation during 200 Hz EEG "ripples" on pattern reinstatement were studied in CA1 pyramidal cell population recordings. Pairwise firing rate correlations during often repeated experiences accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in these interactions in subsequent SWS or quiet wakefulness and, to a lesser degree, during SWS prior to the experience on a given day. The latter effect was absent for novel experiences, suggesting that a persistent memory trace develops with experience. Pattern reinstatement was strongest during sharp wave-ripple oscillations, suggesting that these events may reflect system convergence onto attractor states corresponding to previous experiences. When two different experiences occurred in succession, the statistically independent effects of both were evident in subsequent SWS. Thus, the patterns of neural activity reemerge spontaneously, and in an interleaved fashion, and do not necessarily reflect persistence of an active memory (i.e., reverberation). Firing rate correlations during REM sleep were not related to the preceding familiar experience, possibly as a consequence of trace decay during the intervening SWS. REM episodes also did not detectably influence the correlation structure in subsequent SWS, suggesting a lack of strengthening of memory traces during REM sleep, at least in the case of familiar experiences.
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Vance, Elizabeth Anne Middleton. "Effects of time specific F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum inoculation overlays on pre-lay ts-11-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum inoculation on performance, egg, blood, and visceral characteristics of commercial egg laying hens." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11022007-152112.
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Shoecraft, Ashleigh P. ""A Single Finger Can't Eat Okra": The Importance of Remembering the Haitian Revolution in United States History." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/126.
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This thesis discusses the impact of the Haitian Revolution on the United States as a lens through which to view the transnational nature of American exceptionalism. It concludes with an articulation of the necessity of incorporating this relational nature of United States identity development into high school coursework, and advocates for teaching about the Haitian Revolution as an effective means through which to do this.
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Maloney, Karen J. "High frequency gamma EEG activity in association with sleep-wake states and spontaneous behaviors in the rat." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23918.
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The occurrence of high frequency, gamma EEG activity (30-60 Hz) was bands and in investigated by spectral analysis in relationship to other frequency association with the natural sleep-waking cycle and spontaneous behaviors of the rat. High frequency, gamma waves are present and occur intermittently on the filtered and unfiltered EEG across the sleep-waking cycle. Gamma activity is distinctive from other high frequency bands, in that the amplitude varies systematically in association with (1) state, having the highest amplitude in Waking and Paradoxical Sleep (PS) as compared to Slow Wave Sleep (SWS) and, (2) behavior, having the highest amplitude in attentive and active waking behaviors and 'active' sleep with twitches indicative of PS, as compared to quiet waking and 'quiet' sleep. Coherence in gamma activity also varies as a function of state-behavior, having the highest values in Waking moving and PS. Gamma activity varies positively with theta and inversely with delta activity over the sleep-waking cycle. Gamma activity is thus shown to reflect the degree of behavioral and cortical arousal.
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Mörsdorf, Hans-Joachim [Verfasser], and Elmar [Akademischer Betreuer] Nöth. "Detection of Sleep related Breathing Disorders and Sleep Stages from the Evaluation of ECG Signals = Erkennung von schlafbezogenen Atmungsstörungen und Schlafstadien anhand der Auswertung von EKG-Signalen / Hans-Joachim Mörsdorf. Betreuer: Elmar Nöth." Erlangen : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1017639329/34.
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Einhellig, Marion Franziska. "Semiologie des Status epilepticus (SE) unter Berücksichtigung der Ätiologie, der Statusdauer und der Elektroenzephalographie (EEG)." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-145852.
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Moreira, Jaqueline Costa Castilho. "Caminho da fé : pedestrianismo, estados emocionais e reflexões sobre a ambiência /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96060.
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Orientador: Gisele Maria Schwartz<br>Banca: Mara Ignez Campos de Carvalho<br>Banca: Carmen Maria Aguiar<br>Resumo: A necessidade premente de atentar para a finitude dos recursos naturais tem alertado estudiosos de diferentes áreas para a importância de se incutir idéias preservacionistas. Entretanto, este movimento se apresenta ainda sutil na área da Motricidade Humana, merecendo o enfoque incisivo deste estudo, de natureza quanti-qualitativa. O objetivo de nosso trabalho foi investigar os estados emocionais presentes durante uma caminhada longa, na perspectiva de internalização de valores e no desenvolvimento de atitudes mais positivas em relação ao meio ambiente, capazes de fomentar o comportamento pró-ambiental. O ambiente escolhido foi a trilha "Caminho da Fé", trajeto de 425 km entre Tambaú e Aparecida/SP, o qual atrai turistas, praticantes de atividades físicas e fiéis. Após leitura sobre as temáticas envolvidas, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória, na qual se utilizou um "conjunto de instrumentos trifásicos" para a coleta de dados. Foram eles um questionário misto, a "LEA - RI - Lista de Estados de Ânimo, Reduzida e Ilustrada" e a "Escala de Ecocentrismo e Antropocentrismo de Thompson & Barton", aplicados a uma amostra aleatória, composta de sete participantes da trilha, adultos, de ambos os sexos. Esse "Conjunto de instrumentos" foi aplicado nos locais de parada, no momento inicial da trilha, no meio do percurso e ao final do trajeto. A análise quantitativa dos dados foi feita por meio da "Análise de Componentes Principais" e a análise qualitativa foi realizada de forma descritiva, por meio da utilização da técnica de "Análise de Conteúdo Temático"; com resultados apresentados também de maneira percentual, para ilustrar. Como conclusão, infere-se que, mesmo que os estímulos tenham cessado ao final do trajeto com o término da atividade física e da contextualização naquele ambiente; sua intensidade ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: The need of considering the natural resources finiteness has been alerting specialists of different areas for the importance of preservation attitudes. However, this movement is still subtle in the Human Movement or Leisure area, deserving the incisive focus of this study, of quanti-qualitative nature, which aimed to investigate the emotional states resonance which have come upon the corporal experiences in nature, under the perspective of internal values and the development of positive ecological attitudes to capable of stimulating the pro-environmental behavior. The chosen environment was the "Caminho da Fé", a trail with 425 km-itinerary between Tambaú and Aparecida/SP, which attracts tourists, physical activities performers and churchgoers. The study was developed by a literature review about the matters involved and by an exploratory research, using a group of three instruments for collecting data: a mixed questionnaire, the " LEA - RI - List of Mood State, Reduced and Illustrated" and "Thompson & Barton's Scale of Ecocentrism and Anthropocentrism", applied to an aleatory sample, composed of seven trail participants, among adults, of both sexes. That group of instruments were applied in the stop places, in the initial moment of the trail, in the middle of it and at the end of the itinerary. The quantitative data were made for "Principal Component Technique Analysis" and the qualitative obtained data analysis was accomplished in a descriptive way, by the use of "Thematic Content Analysis", with results also presented in a percentile way, to illustrate. As conclusion, it is inferred that, even that the stimulation has ceased with the ending of the hike, the intensity, amount and quality of the experience had stimulated reflection processes, evidencing variations on mood state and differentiation of attitudes with the environment, before, during and after the hike activity... (Complete abstract click eletronic access below)<br>Mestre
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Jägerskog, Anders. "Why states cooperate over shared water : the water negotiations in the Jordan River Basin /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.ep.liu.se/diss/arts_science/2003/281/index.html.
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Mazzoni, Giovanni. "implementazione ed analisi di strumentazioni combinate: eeg e tms." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/23341/.
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Prima dello sviluppo di tecniche quali quelle di Risonanza Magnetico Nucleare (RMN), di Tomografia Assiale Computerizzata (TAC) e di molteplici altre, si sono sviluppate, specifiche per l’area cerebrale, le strumentazioni di Elettroencefalografia (EEG) e di Stimolazione Magnetica Transcranica (TMS). Attraverso cinque capitoli questo elaborato fornisce una visione generale dello stato dell'arte delle strumentazioni di EEG e TMS, osservate da prima singolarmente poi accoppiate. Infine se ne osservano i possibili sviluppi futuri ed alcuni casi clinici e sperimentali correlati ad essi.
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Cardoso, Tatiana Ramos. "Sobre interações escalares e vetoriais na teoria de Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau /." Guaratinguetá : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91805.
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Orientador: Antonio Soares de Castro<br>Banca: Julio Marny Hoff da Silva<br>Banca: Bruto Max Pimentel Escobar<br>Resumo: O formalismo de primeira ordem de Du n-Kemmer-Petiau (DKP) descreve partículas de spin 0 e spin 1 e tem sido utilizado na análise de interações relativísticas de hádrons com núcleos como uma alternativa para análise baseada nos formalismos de segunda ordem convencionais de Klein-Gordon e Proca. Apresentamos a equação geral de DKP, discutimos as condições sobre as interações que levam a uma corrente conservada e os efeitos das transformações de paridade, conjugação de carga e reversão temporal. Adotando uma representação especí ca para as matrizes de DKP, estabelecemos as equações de movimento para os componentes do espinor de DKP na presença das interações escalares e vetoriais. Salientamos que o componente espacial do potencial vetorial não-mínimo não pode ser absorvido no espinor. Mostramos que o componente espacial do potencial vetorial não-mínimo poderia ser irrelevante para a formação de estados ligados para potenciais que se anulam no in nito mas que a sua presença é uma condição sine qua non para o con namento. Algumas aplicações em potenciais unidimensionais são usadas para mostrar que o paradoxo de Klein nunca aparece no caso do acoplamento vetorial não-mínimo, contrário ao que ocorre para um potencial vetorial minimamente acoplado. Um aparente paradoxo relacionado à localização de bósons na presença de potenciais fortes é resolvido através da introdução dos conceitos de massa efetiva e comprimento de onda Compton efetivo<br>Abstract: The rst-order Du n-Kemmer-Petiau (DKP) formalism describes spin-0 and spin-1 particles and has been used to analyze relativistic interactions of hadrons with nuclei as an alternative to their conventional second-order Klein-Gordon and Proca counterparts. We present the general DKP equation, discuss conditions on the interactions which lead to a conserved current and e ects of parity, charge-conjugation and time-reversal transformations. Adopting a speci c representation for the DKP matrices, we set up the equations for the components of the DKP spinor in the presence of scalar and vector interactions. We point out that the space component of the nonminimal vector potential can not be absorbed into the spinor. We show that the space component of the nonminimal vector potential could be irrelevant for the formation of bound states for potentials vanishing at in nity but its presence is a sine qua non condition for con nement. Some aplications in unidimensional potentials are used to show that Klein's paradox never appears in the case of a nonminimal vector potential, contrary to what occurs for a minimally coupled vector potential. An apparent paradox related to the localization of bosons in the presence of strong potentials is solved by introducing the concepts of e ective mass and e ective Compton wavelength<br>Mestre
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Vennelaganti, Swetha. "AGING AND SLEEP STAGE EFFECTS ON ENTROPY OF ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM SIGNALS." UKnowledge, 2008. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/553.
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The aging brain is characterized by alteration in synaptic contacts, which leads to decline of motor and cognitive functions. These changes are reflected in the age related shifts in power spectrum of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in both wakefulness and sleep. Various non-linear measures have been used to obtain more insights from EEG analysis compared to the conventional spectral analysis. In our study we used Sample Entropy to quantify regularity of the EEG signal. Because elderly subjects arouse from sleep more often than younger subjects, we hypothesized that Entropy of EEG signals from elderly subjects would be higher than that from middle aged subjects, within a sleep stage. We also hypothesized that the entropy increases during and following an arousal and does not return to background levels immediately after an arousal. Our results show that Sample Entropy varies systematically with sleep state in healthy middle-aged and elderly female subjects, reflecting the changing regularity in the EEG. Sample Entropy is significantly higher in elderly in sleep Stage 2 and REM, suggesting that in these two sleep stages the cortical state is closer to wake than in middle-aged women. Sample Entropy is higher in post-arousal compared to the pre-arousal and stays high for a 30 sec period.
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Rebustini, Flávio. "Interferência dos fatores externos sobre os estados de humor em jovens atletas de voleibol /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96076.
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Orientador: Afonso Antônio Machado<br>Banca: Maria Teresa K. Leitão<br>Banca: Silvia Deutsch<br>Resumo: Nos últimos 30 anos, o estudo dos estados de humor tem sido um dos assuntos mais abordados pela psicometria esportiva. Contudo, um dos grandes desafios é conseguir identificar e mensurar a interferência dos fatores externos (família, amigos e escola) sobre os mesmos e seus reflexos sobre a estruturação do treinamento. Por isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi tentar avaliar o impacto dos fatores externos sobre os estados de humor. Para tanto, a pesquisa foi realizada com uma equipe de voleibol feminina infantil (14 e 15 anos) que compete regularmente nos campeonatos organizados pela Federação Paulista de Voleibol. A mensuração dos estados de humor foi feita por meio do teste POMS (Profile of Mood States) que avalia 6 estados de humor: Tensão, Depressão, Raiva, Vigor, Fadiga e Confusão, ainda adotamos um 7° indicador denominado IEEA (índice de equilíbrio emocional atual), calculado a partir do Vigor subtraído da somatória das outras variáveis. Acrescentamos 4 questões a planilha do POMS para que pudéssemos relacionar os estados de humor ao objetivo de verificar os fatores externos, que foram: Como você está se sentindo em relação ao seu dia até agora? Como você está em relação a sua convivência em casa com seus pais, irmãos e familiares? Como está o relacionamento com suas amigas? e, Como você está na escola em relação a suas notas, tarefas e desempenho?. Foi utilizada uma escala de 1 a 5 (1 muito mal a 5 muito bem) para que a atleta pudesse intensificar sua percepção para cada um dos fatores. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da correlação de Pearson e a análise de variância Anova One Way, Scheffé post hoc test, em ambos os casos foi adotado o nível de significância de p<0.01. Os resultados apontaram haver diferenças significativas entre os níveis de intensidade... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo).<br>Abstract: For over 30 years, the study of the mood states has been one of the subjects most studied in the sports psychometric. However, one of the greatest challenges is to obtain to identify and to measure the interference of the external factors (family, friends and school) on the mood states and its consequences on the training planning. Therefore, the aim of this study was to try to evaluate the impact of the external factors on the mood states. So, the research was done with young volleyball female athlete participants (14 and 15 years old) that play regularly in the championships organized by the Sao Paulo State Volleyball Federation. To measure the mood states was used the POMS Test (Profile of Mood States) that it evaluates 6 mood states: Tension, Depression, Anger, Vigor, Fatigue and Confusion, still we adopt a 7th one indicator called IEEA (index of current emotional equilibrium), calculated from the Vigor deducted from the sum of negative factors. We add 4 questions in the POMS sheet to relate the mood states and external factors intensity, that had been: How are you feeling regarding your day? How are you feeling about your relationship with your parents and relatives? How are you feeling about your friends? And, How are you in the school in relation regarding your grade, tasks and performance. A scale of 5 points was applied, regarding 1 very bad, 2 bad, 3 normal, 4 well and 5 very well, for that athlete could intensify its perception for each one of the factors. It was used an analysis of variance Anova One Way and Scheffé post hoc test and the correlation of Pearson, the techniques had adopted as level of significance (p<0.01). The results had pointed out some significant differences between the levels of intensity in the external factors and the mood states. To Depression, Vigor... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).<br>Mestre
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Konopacki, Mateusz. "EEG responses to shamanic drumming. Does suggestion of trance state mediate the strength of frequency components?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-122923.
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One of the techniques used to induce trance state in shamanic ceremonies is monotonous drumming. According to previous EEG research, certain patterns of drumming cause an increase in power of alpha and theta frequencies of the listener. Present study aimed to determine, if suggestion to experience trance state could increase the relative alpha and theta amplitude and the intensity of experienced state. A group of twenty-four subjects participated in the study. Suggestion to experience trance state decreased alpha frequency power during the drumming condition. No other significant effects of suggestion or drumming were found.
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Robertson-Hoyt, Leilani Ann. "IDENTIFYING QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI (QTLs) FOR FUMONISIN ACCUMULATION AND EAR ROT RESISTANCE IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)." NCSU, 2006. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03192006-171605/.
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Fusarium verticillioides and F. proliferatum are fungal pathogens of maize that cause ear rot and contaminate maize with fumonisin. The first objective was to investigate the relationship between Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination. Two populations, BC1F1:2 families created from the cross of GE440 × FR1064 (GEFR population) and recombinant inbred lines created from the cross of NC300 × B104 (NCB population) were studied. Moderate to high heritabilities and strong genetic correlations between ear rot and fumonisin concentration were estimated and suggest that selection for reduced ear rot should frequently identify low fumonisin lines. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping was then used to study genetic relationships between the two traits and to investigate consistency of QTL across populations. Eight QTL in the GEFR population and five QTL in the NCB population affected both traits. At least three ear rot and two fumonisin contamination QTL mapped to similar positions in the two populations. Two QTL appeared to be consistent for both traits across both populations. To investigate the relationship between resistance and agronomic utility in the GEFR population, yield and agronomic performance were measured in line testcrosses. Correlation and QTL analyses were employed to study these relationships. QTLs identified included 7 yield, 5 grain moisture, 8 plant height, 6 ear height, 3 silk date, and 4 tassel date QTLs. If backcrossing were utilized to move resistance alleles into the FR1064 background, our results suggest that correlated responses would include an increase in grain moisture and decrease in stalk lodging. However, marker-assisted selection may facilitate breaking linkages between resistance alleles and alleles reducing agronomic performance. The second objective was to investigate the resistances to Fusarium and Aspergillus ear rots and fumonisin and aflatoxin contamination in selected lines. Based on the NCB study, the 24 highest and 24 lowest mean fumonisin concentration lines were selected. The low fumonisin group had significantly lower levels of both mycotoxins and ear rots. All four traits were significantly correlated, suggesting that at least some of the genes involved in resistance to ear rots and mycotoxin contamination by these fungal species are identical or genetically linked.
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Ruch, Alexander Martin. "Perceived organizational risks and reputations are related to individuals' decisions to eat genetically modified foods." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6264.
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Sociologists have studied how organizations respond to perceived risks, but overlooked how individuals react to perceptions of organizational risks. We may expect individuals to avoid the goods and services of supposedly risky organizations, but how do other social judgments of organizations, such as those concerning reputation, relate to individuals’ risk aversion independently from their perceptions of risk? Social psychological theories on legitimacy and status and psychological theories on risk perception can bridge these gaps. Using data from the 2006 General Social Survey, this paper tests how individuals’ aversion to genetically modified foods (GMOs) relates to their perceptions of organizational risks and other qualities of business leaders, medical researchers, and political officials who are involved with producing, evaluating, and regulating GMOs. Logistic regression models find that individuals’ perceptions of medical researchers’ ignorance and disagreement about GMOs’ possible risks synergistically interact to increase the probability of rejecting GMOs. Individuals’ deferral of political influence to medical researchers attenuated the increased odds of rejecting GMOs among individuals who believe that industry scientists are disreputable. Surprisingly, perceived risks among business and political leaders were unrelated to GMO aversion. These results extend sociological risk research by demonstrating how individuals’ responses to perceived organizational risks are shaped by social characteristics such as reputations. Finally, links are drawn to inform social movement literatures and debates on GMOs, as reputational correlates exist independently from individuals’ knowledge of science, environmentalism, and generalized trust.
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Imtiaz, Syed Anas. "Low-complexity algorithms for automatic detection of sleep stages and events for use in wearable EEG systems." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/29459.
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Objective: Diagnosis of sleep disorders is an expensive procedure that requires performing a sleep study, known as polysomnography (PSG), in a controlled environment. This study monitors the neural, eye and muscle activity of a patient using electroencephalogram (EEG), electrooculogram (EOG) and electromyogram (EMG) signals which are then scored in to different sleep stages. Home PSG is often cited as an alternative of clinical PSG to make it more accessible, however it still requires patients to use a cumbersome system with multiple recording channels that need to be precisely placed. This thesis proposes a wearable sleep staging system using a single channel of EEG. For realisation of such a system, this thesis presents novel features for REM sleep detection from EEG (normally detected using EMG/EOG), a low-complexity automatic sleep staging algorithm using a single EEG channel and its complete integrated circuit implementation. Methods: The difference between Spectral Edge Frequencies (SEF) at 95% and 50% in the 8-16 Hz frequency band is shown to have high discriminatory ability for detecting REM sleep stages. This feature, together with other spectral features from single-channel EEG are used with a set of decision trees controlled by a state machine for classification. The hardware for the complete algorithm is designed using low-power techniques and implemented on chip using 0.18μm process node technology. Results: The use of SEF features from one channel of EEG resulted in 83% of REM sleep epochs being correctly detected. The automatic sleep staging algorithm, based on contextually aware decision trees, resulted in an accuracy of up to 79% on a large dataset. Its hardware implementation, which is also the very first complete circuit level implementation of any sleep staging algorithm, resulted in an accuracy of 98.7% with great potential for use in fully wearable sleep systems.
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Moreno, Ricardo Macedo. "Auto-eficácia de tenistas e desempenho esportivo : perspectivas da psicologia do esporte /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96107.
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Orientador: Afonso Antonio Machado<br>Banca: Gisele Maria Schwartz<br>Banca: Daniel Presoto<br>Resumo: O rendimento de atletas de todas as modalidades, do Tênis inclusive, é acompanhado por uma combinação de fatores técnicos, táticos, biológicos, sociais e psicológicos. Por considerarmos a auto-eficácia um dos principais aspectos psicológicos relacionados com o rendimento, nosso trabalho vai se deter à análise dessa variável. O objetivo do presente estudo é o de investigar a percepção da auto-eficácia do tenista, partindo do ponto de vista do próprio atleta, em situações específicas da modalidade em treinamentos e em campeonatos. Como metodologia, optamos pela pesquisa qualitativa, utilizando a análise de entrevistas semi-estruturadas de perguntas abertas. Participaram da pesquisa 8 (oito) atletas da modalidade Tênis, do sexo masculino, de idade compreendida entre 16 e 18 anos, que disputam campeonatos organizados pela Federação Paulista de Tênis e/ou pela Confederação Brasileira de Tênis. Os dados foram, posteriormente, categorizados e analisados, de modo a garantir uma leitura cuidadosa e profunda. Com os relatos dos atletas, vale a pena destacar que, para a maioria deles: o ranking tirou a pressão da obrigação de vencer, minimizou o medo da derrota e serviu como explicação quando a derrota acontecia; a comparação do nível técnico do adversário com o seu próprio diminuiu a auto-eficácia e, conseqüentemente, diminuiu a expectativa de resultado; o treino foi considerado como um polarizador da auto-eficácia; a grande freqüência de erros não-forçados minou a auto-eficácia dos atletas; o contexto é mais decisivo do que o placar (depende de como o atleta estiver na quadra); quando tinham o risco de perder o game de saque, os atletas se sentiram pressionados e confirmaram alterar a forma de sacar... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: The athlete's income of all modalities especially tennis, is followed by a combination of technical, tactics, biologics, social and psychological factors. We consider self-efficacy one of the most important psychological aspects related to the income, then our research is going to emphasize the analysis of this characteristic. The objective of this project is research the tennis player's self-efficacy perception leaving of the point of view of them, in specific situation of modalities in training and championships. The methodology applied was the qualitative research, using the analyses of semi-structuralized interviews of open question. Eight male athletes of tennis, between 16 to 19 years old that dispute championships organized for the São Paulo Tennis Federation and/or for Brazilian Tennis Confederation answered the questions. Later, the data were categorized and analyzed to guarantee a careful and intimate reading. Analyzed to the descriptions of the athletes, it's important to stand out that for the majority of them: the ranking broke the pressure of obligation to win, decreased the fear of the defeat and contributed to explain when the defeat happened; the comparison of adversary's technical level with your own level decrease the selfefficacy and, consequently, decreased the expectative of the results; the training was considered as a polarized of the self-efficacy; the great frequency of not-forced errors mined the self-efficacy of athletes; the context is more decisive than score (it depends on the athlete's position in court); when they had a risk to lose the game of serve, the athletes feel themselves pressured and confirmed to modify the form to serve; strong dependence of the success experiences as source of information of self-efficacy; great role of shaping, related when the athletes had admitted to copy blows from another players; the vicarious information... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)<br>Mestre
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Pedro, Aline. "A consciência dos grupos de Centros e Diretórios Acadêmicos da Unesp/Araraquara sobre o status ilegal da maconha /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98988.
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Orientador: Augusto Caccia-Bava<br>Banca: Angela Viana Machado Fernandes<br>Banca: Marisa Feffermann<br>Resumo: O status da maconha, dada a sua condição ilegal desde a primeira metade do século XX, vem causando polêmicos debates entre os diversos especialistas nos últimos anos. Em meio às conseqüências sociais desastrosas decorrentes da manutenção do circuito ilícito da venda e do consumo de substâncias, os grupos universitários emergem em pesquisas epidemiológicas como os maiores consumidores de maconha em relação a outros grupos sociais. Diante desse contexto, esta pesquisa buscou reconhecer a consciência dos grupos de Centros e Diretórios Acadêmicos das faculdades da UNESP, em Araraquara, a respeito das questões que perpassam o status ilegal da planta, por se caracterizarem como referência cultural e política na universidade. À luz dos conceitos gramscianos de senso comum e bom senso, identificamos em que medida a interlocução das concepções dominantes sobre a planta e as experiências cotidianas desses grupos influenciam no modo como eles se percebem e se colocam frente à questão<br>Abstract: The status of marijuana, since its illegal condition given in the first half of the 20th century, is causing controversial discussions among several kinds of experts in the last few years. Due to the disastrous social consequences because of the illicit process of selling and buying illegal substances, the groups of students from university in epidemiologic researches appear as the biggest consumers of marijuana among others social groups. Therefore in this context, this research tried to recognize the conscience of the Academic Centers and Directories groups of the UNESP University, in Araraquara, about the questions that refer to the illegal status of the plant, because they are characterized as cultural and political reference in the university. Based on Gramsci's concepts of the commom-sense and good sense, we identified to what extent the dominant conceptions about the plant and the everyday experience of these groups, influence the way they realize and take a position about this question<br>Mestre
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Radüntz, Thea. "Biophysiological Mental-State Monitoring during Human-Computer Interaction." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/23026.
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Die langfristigen Folgen von psychischer Fehlbeanspruchung stellen ein beträchtliches Problem unserer modernen Gesellschaft dar. Zur Identifizierung derartiger Fehlbelastungen während der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion (MMI) kann die objektive, kontinuierliche Messung der psychischen Beanspruchung einen wesentlichen Beitrag leisten. Neueste Entwicklungen in der Sensortechnologie und der algorithmischen Methodenentwicklung auf Basis von KI liefern die Grundlagen zu ihrer messtechnischen Bestimmung.
Vorarbeiten zur Entwicklung einer Methode zur neuronalen Beanspruchungsdiagnostik sind bereits erfolgt (Radüntz, 2017). Eine praxisrelevante Nutzung dieser Ergebnisse ist erfolgsversprechend, wenn die Methode mit Wearables kombiniert werden kann. Gleichzeitig sind die Evaluation und bedingungsbezogene Reliabilitätsprüfung der entwickelten Methode zur neuronalen Beanspruchungsdiagnostik in realitätsnahen Umgebungen erforderlich.
Im Rahmen von experimentellen Untersuchungen der Gebrauchstauglichkeit von kommerziellen EEG-Registrierungssystemen für den mobilen Feldeinsatz wird die darauf basierende Systemauswahl für die MMI-Praxis getroffen. Die Untersuchungen zur Validierung der kontinuierlichen Methode zur Beanspruchungsdetektion erfolgt am Beispiel des Fluglotsenarbeitsplatzes beim simulierten „Arrival Management“.<br>The long-term negative consequences of inappropriate mental workload on employee health constitute a serious problem for a digitalized society. Continuous, objective assessment of mental workload can provide an essential contribution to
the identification of such improper load. Recent improvements in sensor technology and algorithmic methods for biosignal processing are the basis for the quantitative determination of mental workload.
Neuronal workload measurement has the advantage that workload registration is located directly there where human information processing takes place, namely the brain. Preliminary studies for the development of a method for neuronal workload registration by use of the electroencephalogram (EEG) have already been carried out [Rad16, Rad17]. For the field use of these findings, the mental workload assess-
ment on the basis of the EEG must be evaluated and its reliability examined with respect to several conditions in realistic environments. A further essential require-ment is that the method can be combined with the innovative technologies of gel
free EEG registration and wireless signal transmission.
Hence, the presented papers include two investigations. Main subject of the first investigation are experimental studies on the usability of commercially-oriented EEG
systems for mobile field use and system selection for the future work. Main subject of the second investigation is the evaluation of the continuous method for neuronal
mental workload registration in the field. Thereby, a challenging application was used, namely the arrival management of aircraft. The simulation of the air traffic control environment allows the realisation of realistic conditions with different levels
of task load. Furthermore, the work is well contextualized in a domain which is very sensible to human-factors research.
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Bajwa, Garima. "Sensing and Decoding Brain States for Predicting and Enhancing Human Behavior, Health, and Security." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862723/.
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The human brain acts as an intelligent sensor by helping in effective signal communication and execution of logical functions and instructions, thus, coordinating all functions of the human body. More importantly, it shows the potential to combine prior knowledge with adaptive learning, thus ensuring constant improvement. These qualities help the brain to interact efficiently with both, the body (brain-body) as well as the environment (brain-environment). This dissertation attempts to apply the brain-body-environment interactions (BBEI) to elevate human existence and enhance our day-to-day experiences. For instance, when one stepped out of the house in the past, one had to carry keys (for unlocking), money (for purchasing), and a phone (for communication). With the advent of smartphones, this scenario changed completely and today, it is often enough to carry just one's smartphone because all the above activities can be performed with a single device. In the future, with advanced research and progress in BBEI interactions, one will be able to perform many activities by dictating it in one's mind without any physical involvement. This dissertation aims to shift the paradigm of existing brain-computer-interfaces from just ‘control' to ‘monitor, control, enhance, and restore' in three main areas - healthcare, transportation safety, and cryptography. In healthcare, measures were developed for understanding brain-body interactions by correlating cerebral autoregulation with brain signals. The variation in estimated blood flow of brain (obtained through EEG) was detected with evoked change in blood pressure, thus, enabling EEG metrics to be used as a first hand screening tool to check impaired cerebral autoregulation. To enhance road safety, distracted drivers' behavior in various multitasking scenarios while driving was identified by significant changes in the time-frequency spectrum of the EEG signals. A distraction metric was calculated to rank the severity of a distraction task that can be used as an intuitive measure for distraction in people - analogous to the Richter scale for earthquakes. In cryptography, brain-environment interactions (BBEI) were qualitatively and quantitatively modeled to obtain cancelable biometrics and cryptographic keys using brain signals. Two different datasets were used to analyze the key generation process and it was observed that neurokeys established for every subject-task combination were unique, consistent, and can be revoked and re-issued in case of a breach. This dissertation envisions a future where humans and technology are intuitively connected by a seamless flow of information through ‘the most intelligent sensor', the brain.
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Schmeller, Bettina. "EEG-basierte Indices zur Detektion von Wachheit während Narkose Bispektral-Index (BIS) und Patient-State-Index (PSI) /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972240047.
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Caparroz, Graziela Pascom. "Repercussões emocionais das atividades físicas em academias para praticantes /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96070.
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Orientador: Gisele Maria Schwartz<br>Banca: Roberta Cortez Gaio<br>Banca: Afonso Antonio Machado<br>Resumo: Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa, investigou as possíveis repercussões emocionais da prática regular de atividade física para praticantes, em academias, sendo desenvolvido por revisão de literatura combinada com pesquisa exploratória, utilizando-se como instrumento para coleta dos dados um questionário contendo perguntas mistas. Fez parte deste estudo uma amostra intencional, constituída por 25 indivíduos adultos, freqüentadores assíduos, há mais de um ano, dos espaços de academias da cidade de Jales, SP, praticantes de diversos tipos de atividades físicas, acima de 18 anos, de ambos os sexos, de formação e envolvimento profissional variados. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente, utilizandose a Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temático. A análise foi feita com base em indicadores que evidenciam as esferas: afetivo-emocional, interpessoal, funcional, atitudinal e da saúde e ambiental. Os resultados indicam que a sensação de bem-estar é percebida positivamente nesse contexto, assim como, a noção sobre qualidade de vida. Referente às emoções, os sujeitos afirmaram que a prática regular de atividade física alterou positivamente este aspecto, proporcionando prazer, maior disposição, melhora do humor, relaxamento e diminuição da tensão. Estas atividades, por gerarem satisfação, representaram uma forma de extravasar raiva, alegria e tristeza. As atividades nesse local são um fator importante para a manutenção do bem-estar das relações interpessoais, cujas trocas com sujeitos que têm as mesmas necessidades fazem crescer, inclusive, as vivências fora da academia. Com relação à esfera funcional, os sujeitos evidenciaram a perspectiva de que a atividade física faz bem para a saúde de modo geral, e perceberam melhorias significativas em seu cotidiano, vinculadas à melhor disposição e produtividade no trabalho. Na esfera atitudinal, as atividades físicas em academias são encaradas como benéficas<br>Abstract: This qualitative study has investigated the possible emotional repercussions of physical activities for practicers in gymnasiums and it has been developed by reviewing literature combined with an exploratory research, using a questionnaire as an instrument to collect data. An intentional sample of 25 adults, over a year frequent attendants of gyms in the city of Jales, SP, of varied physical activities, over the age of 18, of both genders and of different professional backgrounds took part in this study,. The information was descriptively analyzed using the Thematic Content Analysis Technique. The analysis was based on indicators that highlight the emotional, interpersonal, functional, attitudinal, health and environmental fields. The results indicate that the well-being sensation is perceived positively in this context, as well as the notion of quality of life. Referring to emotions, people affirmed that the regular practice of physical activities has altered positively in this aspect, providing pleasure, relaxation, decreased tension and better moods. These activities represented the channeling of anger, happiness and sadness. The activities in the gyms are an important factor for the maintenance of well-being in interpersonal relationships which make people extend their experiences even outside them. In relation to the functional field, people realized the perspective that physical activities improve health in general and noticed significant improvements in their daily life, hence more energy to work. In the attitudinal field, the physical activities in gyms are beneficial, due to the practical aspects of exercising indoors, the professional support and the possibility of socializing, resulting in an awareness of the linkage of these practices with these aspects, implementing positive and proactive attitudes. The time frame destined to such activities represent an opportunity to broaden health levels and existential quality. In the environmental<br>Mestre
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Martins, Eduardo da Silva. "Purificação e caracterização bioquímica de poligalacturonases termoestáveis produzidas pelo fungo Thermoascus aurantiacus através de fermentação submersa e fermentação em estado sólido /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103964.
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Orientador: Eleni Gomes<br>Banca: Adalbeto Pessoa Júnior<br>Banca: Maria de Lourdes Teixeira de Moraes Polizeli<br>Banca: Márcia Regina Brochetto Braga<br>Banca: Gustavo Orlando Bonilla Rodriguez<br>Resumo: Pectinases termoestáveis apresentam características interessantes do ponto de vista da sua aplicação industrial, como alta estabilidade ao pH e à temperatura. Além disso, o tipo de processo fermentativo pode influenciar a produção e propriedades físico-químicas destas enzimas. A produção de poligalacturonase (PG) pelo fungo Thermoascus aurantiacus foi realizada em fermentação submersa (FSM) e em estado sólido (FES), usando substratos contendo pectina comercial ou subprodutos agro- industriais como fonte de carbono. A PG bruta obtida em FES apresentou atividade ótima a 65ºC e pH 5,0, com estabilidade na faixa de pH entre 4,0 e 5,0 e entre 7,5 e 8,5 e manteve 85% da atividade original quando incubada a 60ºC, por 1 hora. Em FSM, o melhor meio de cultivo foi a água amarela, com pH inicial de 5,5, após 5 dias de cultivo a 45ºC. A enzima em sua forma bruta apresentou temperatura ótima de 60ºC e pH ótimo de 5,0, maior estabilidade em pH ácido (3,0 a 4,5) e menor termoestabilidade, quando comparada com a obtida em FES, mantendo apenas 13% da atividade original quando incubada a 60ºC, por 1 hora. As enzimas foram purificadas utilizando-se cromatografias de filtração em gel e troca iônica. A PG purificada proveniente da FSM apresentou pH e temperatura ótimos de 5,5 e 60-65ºC, estabilidade em pH 5,0-5,5 e manteve, após 1 hora de incubação, 100% da atividade original até 50ºC. Resultados similares foram obtidos para a PG proveniente da FES. A PG de FES apresentou massa molar de 29,3 kDa, Km de 1,58 mg/mL e Vmáx de 1553,1 ? mol/min/mg, enquanto que a da FSM apresentou massa molar de 30,1 kDa, km de 1,46 mg/mL e Vmáx de 2433,3 ? mol/min/mg. Íons como Fe+3, Ca+2, e K+ praticamente não afetaram a atividade da enzima... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: Thermostable pectinases present important characteristics under the view of their industrial application, as their high stability to pH and temperature. Besides, the type of fermentative process used can affect the ir production and physical-chemical properties. The polygalacturonase (PG) production by the thermophilic fungus Thermoascus aurantiacus was carried out by submerged fermentation (SMF) and solid state fermentation (SSF) using substrates containing commercial pectin or agro- industrial residues as carbon sources. The crude PG from SSF presented optimum activity at 65ºC and pH 5.0, with stability at pH 4.0-5.0 and 7.5-8.5 and maintained 85% of its original activity at 60º C for 1 hour. In SMF the best cultivation medium was the liquid waste from juice extraction, with initial pH of 5.5, after 5 days of cultivation at 45ºC. The crude enzyme showed an optimum activity at 60ºC and pH 5.0, higher stability in acid ic pH (3.0 to 4.5) and was less thermostable when compared to that obtained in SSF, wich maintained only 13% of its original activity at 60ºC, for 1 hour. Purification of enzymes was carried out using filtration and ion-exchange chromatographies. The purified PG, from SMF, showed optimum pH and temperature of 5.5 and 60-65ºC, stability at pH 5.0-5.5 and preserved, after 1 hour incubation, 100% of its original activity at 50ºC. Similar results were obtained to PG from SSF. The PG obtained by SSF presented molar mass of 29.3 kDa, Km of 1.58 mg/ml and Vmáx of 1553.1 ? mol/min/mg, while that the enzyme from SMF presented molar mass of 30.1 kDa, km of 1.46 mg/ml and Vmáx of 2433.3 ? mol/min/mg. Ions such as Fe3+, Ca2+ and K+ practically did not affect the enzyme activity, while Mg2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+ decreased 7%, 75% and 50%... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)<br>Doutor
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Kim, Hyejin. "Effects of lactic acid and cetylpyridinium chloride as immersion treatments to reduce populations of Salmonella Typhimurium attached on ready-to-eat shrimp." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11072007-093858.
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Siah, Tiong Heng. "Finite-element modelling of the mechanics of the coupling between the incus and stapes in the middle ear." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33993.
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The middle ear is a small air-filled cavity which contains a chain of three small bones or ossicles: the malleus, the incus and the stapes. There is a tiny bony bridge (pedicle) between the long process of the incus and the lenticular process, but little or nothing is known about the effect of the pedicle on the movements of the ossicles. The motivation of the work presented here is to improve our understanding of the mechanical behaviour at the pedicle and the incudostapedial joint, in particular the relative contributions of the two structures to sound transmission through the middle ear.<br>A three-dimensional finite-element model of the pedicle and the incudostapedial joint was created, where the dimensions are based on examination of histological sections of a cat middle ear. Careful attention has been paid to the mesh generation of the model, especially for the regions of interest, such as the pedicle, that are very small relative to the overall structure. The issue of the compromise between the mesh resolution and the computational time will be discussed as well. Ranges of plausible values for the stiffnesses of the joint, joint capsule and pedicle were tested and the resulting displacements were examined for various loading conditions.
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Garla, Ricardo Clapis. "Ecologia e conservação dos tubarões do arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, com ênfase no tubarão-cabeça-de-cesto Carcharhinus perezi (Poey, 1876) (Carcharhiniformes, Carcharhinidae) /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106576.
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Orientador: Alberto Ferreira Amorim<br>Banca: Otto Bismarck Fazzano Gadig<br>Banca: Roberto Goitein<br>Banca: Emygdio Moreira Filho<br>Banca: Marcelo R. de Carvalho<br>Resumo: O presente trabalho visa gerar informações básicas sobre a ecologia e a situação populacional do tubarão-cabeça-de-cesto Carcharhinus perezi, lambarú Ginglymostoma cirratum e tubarão-limão Negaprion brevirostris no Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha, com ênfase na primeira, por ser numericamente dominante. Utilizou-se a combinação de técnicas de marcação e recaptura e de telemetria ultra-sônica para fornecer informações sobre: estrutura populacional, distribuição espacial dos tubarões e de suas áreas de berçário, época de parto, padrões de movimentação e de utilização do hábitat. Amostras de sangue foram analisadas para caracterização sorológica das espécies. Foi implantado um programa de conscientização e educação sobre a necessidade de conservação dos tubarões, e realizou-se um curso de capacitação em Educação Ambiental para os professores do ensino médio e fundamental. A plataforma insular do arquipélago é utilizada como área de parto e de crescimento de jovens pelas três espécies de tubarões. Carcharhinus perezi apresenta maior segregação espacial por tamanho. Não ocorre segregação espacial em Ginglymostoma cirratum e Negaprion brevirostris pois foram observados indivíduos neonatos, jovens e adultos freqüentando a região próxima à linha costeira do arquipélago. Os tubarões utilizam com menor freqüência o trecho da Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) do arquipélago, o que possivelmente está relacionado à intensificação da utilização humana e a indícios de empobrecimento biológico da região nos últimos anos. O monitoramento por telemetria mostra que: os tubarões jovens são residentes em trechos específicos do arquipélago; eles podem ser ativos a qualquer horário do dia, mas os maiores espaços de atividade e deslocamentos ocorrem à noite; aparentemente não existem variações sazonais... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: The aim of the present study is to provide basic data on the ecology and population status of the reef-shark Carcharhinus perezi, nurse-shark Ginglymostoma cirratum and lemon-shark Negaprion brevirostris at Fernando de Noronha archipelago, with special reference to Carcharhinus perezi, due to its numerical dominance. A combination of mark and recapture and ultrasonic telemetry methods were used to gather data on: the population structure, spatial distribution of the sharks, location of the nursery grounds, parturition time, patterns of movement and habitat use. Blood samples were analyzed for a serological characterization of the species. An educational program was established to increase the community awareness about shark conservation, and a capacitating course on Environmental Education was offered to teachers of the local school. The archipelagos insular shelf is used as a parturition and growing ground for young sharks of the three species. Carcharhinus perezi shows size segregation. Size segregation was not observed in Ginglymostoma cirratum and Negaprion brevirostris, and neonate, young and adult sharks of these species were observed to frequent shallow waters of the archipelago. Sharks rarely frequent the archipelagos Environmental Protection Area (EPA), which is probably related to an intensification of human use and evidences of biological impoverishment of this site in recent years. The telemetry monitoring shows that: the young sharks are resident and present site fidelity to specific portions of the archipelago; they may be active at any time of the day, but the larger activity spaces and excursions occur at night; apparently there is no seasonal variation in activity spaces and habitat use; and larger sharks have more extensive activity spaces. The main problems for the management and conservation of the sharks are:... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)<br>Doutor
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Alcântara, Ailton S. de. "Paulistinhas : imagens sacras, singelas e singulares /." São Paulo : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86900.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Percival Tirapeli<br>Banca: José Leonardo<br>Banca: José E. Gama Martins<br>Resumo: A produção de imagens sacras no Brasil teve uma importante função didática para difusão do evangelho, uma ação educativa realizada pelas ordens religiosas que foram se instalando em várias partes do país. Em virtude disto, o sucesso da missão propiciou a edificação de muitas igrejas que continham em seus altares belas imagens sacras de cunho erudito para o culto coletivo, envoltas em um contexto místico, nas quais o fiel buscava conforto espiritual, por meio da contemplação. Aliadas aos sucessivos ciclos econômicos, passaram, ao longo da história, por adequações de material, estilo e dimensão, que acabaram por levá-las para o interior das casas e lá permaneceram fazendo parte do cotidiano. Posta assim a questão, no estado de São Paulo, em meados do século XIX, na região que hoje chamamos de Vale do Paraíba, houve uma grande demanda de imagens para o culto doméstico, que possuem vários pontos de tangência com as eruditas barrocas, encontradas nas igrejas locais. Denominadas Paulistinhas, estas imagens foram produzidas, exclusivamente no estado de São Paulo, para suprir as necessidades devocionais de um número significativo de pessoas que migraram para o vale, motivadas pelo cultivo do café, o então chamado ouro-verde. Imagens de devoção confeccionadas, por mais de um século por muitos santeiros, sendo na sua maioria anônimos, os quais, por meio da criatividade, fizeram surgir uma simplificação formal demasiada e muito singular para estas imagens que representavam os santos católicos e que, atualmente, se revelam preciosas não só pela devoção que elas suscitavam, mas também por marcar uma distinta escola de imagem sacra, imbuída do espírito barroco.<br>Abstract: The manufacturing of sacred statues had an important educational role in the spreading of the Gospels in Brazil. Such confection was conduced by the religious orders which settled down in various regions of the country. The successful mission led to the construction of many churches whose altars had beautiful baroque statues surrounded by a mystic context, which the churchgoers sought for spiritual comfort through contemplation. Attached to the successive economic cycle, these baroque statues suffered, through history, many adaptations of material, style and dimension, taking them to the follower houses, where they stayed composing the daily life. In São Paulo State, by the middle of the 19th century, in the region called Vale do Paraíba (Paraíba Valey) there was a great search of such statues intended for domestic praying. These domestic versions had much in common with the original ones from the local churches. Such statues, dubbed Paulistinhas, were exclusively made in São Paulo State, responding to a demand for the devotional necessity of a significant number of people who migrated to the area, drawn by the coffee growing, then called "Green-gold". Devotional statues manufactured, for more than a century, by anonymous sculptors who by means of creativity made a particular and exaggerated formal simplification for the statues which represented the Catholics saints which are, currently, not only important for their devotional values, but also for indicating a different school of sacred statues which are plenty of the baroque spirit.<br>Mestre