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Journal articles on the topic 'Early-Middle Pleistocene Transition'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Peng, Xianzhe, Hong Ao, Guoqiao Xiao, Xiaoke Qiang, and Qiang Sun. "The Early-Middle Pleistocene transition of Asian summer monsoon." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 545 (May 2020): 109636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.109636.

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Madurell-Malapeira, Joan, Maria Prat-Vericat, Saverio Bartolini-Lucenti, et al. "A Review on the Latest Early Pleistocene Carnivoran Guild from the Vallparadís Section (NE Iberia)." Quaternary 7, no. 3 (2024): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat7030040.

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The Vallparadís Section encompasses various geological layers that span a significant chronological range, extending from the latest Early Pleistocene to the early Middle Pleistocene, covering a timeframe from approximately 1.2 to 0.6 Ma. This period holds particular importance, as it coincides with a significant climatic transition known as the Early–Middle Pleistocene Transition, a pivotal phase in Quaternary climatic history. This transition, marked by the shift from a 41,000-year obliquity-driven climatic cycle to a 100,000-year precession-forced cyclicity, had profound effects on the Cala

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3

Merh, S. S. "Neogene-Quaternary Sequence in Gujarat: A Review." Journal Geological Society of India 41, no. 3 (1993): 259–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17491/jgsi/1993/410306.

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Abstract The constituent rocks of Neogene are conglomerates, grits, silty sandstones, marls and argillaceous limestones. Marine Quaternaries are represented by the miliolite rocks of Saurashtra (Middle Pleistocene) and younger Holocene Rann sediments, mudflats and beach rocks. The transition of Neogene to Quaternary is not fully understood. Perhaps regressive conditions prevailed during the close of Pliocene and in the early Pleistocene. Evidences point to a bw strandline during the Lower Pleistocene. The Quaternary period is marked by two major transgressions-one in Ihe Middle Pleistocene and

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4

Maslin, Mark A., and Christopher M. Brierley. "The role of orbital forcing in the Early Middle Pleistocene Transition." Quaternary International 389 (December 2015): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.047.

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5

Markova, Anastasia K., Svetlana A. Sycheva, and Tatiana M. Gorbacheva. "Early Middle Pleistocene Fauna Of Fossil Rodents And LoessPaleosol Series Of The Pekla Key Section (Taman Peninsula, Russia)." GEOGRAPHY, ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABILITY 16, no. 2 (2023): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2022-169.

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The history of the early Middle Pleistocene small mammal faunas of Eastern Europe is very complicated. The early Middle Pleistocene which spanned from the Brunhes-Matuyama transition (772.9 ka BP, within MIS 19) till the beginning of the Likhvin Interglacial (424 ka BP, MIS 11) includes a number of interglacials and glaciations. Rodent species of the Tiraspolian faunal assemblage were found in the Chaudian fluvial deposits of the Cape Pekla section (northern coast of the Taman Peninsula). The evolutional level of the Pekla rodents are similar to those from the stratotype section of the Tiraspo

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Zieliński, Tomasz. "Prospects and limitations of heavy mineral analyses to discriminate preglacial/glacial transitions in Pleistocene sedimentary successions." Geologos 24, no. 2 (2018): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/logos-2018-0014.

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Abstract The present study revolves around the identification of the stratigraphical boundary between Pleistocene formations that formed prior to the first advance of the Scandinavian ice sheet (Early Pleistocene, i.e., the so-called preglacial) and the overlying, glacially derived deposits (Middle Pleistocene). In particular, it focuses on variation in heavy mineral assemblages, which are an important tool for stratigraphers. The Neogene basement, described here, was most often the source of material that was redeposited by Early Pleistocene rivers. The geological structure and Early Pleistoc

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Johnson, Kenneth G. "Middle Miocene recovery of Caribbean reef corals: New data from the Tamana Formation, Trinidad." Journal of Paleontology 75, no. 3 (2001): 513–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000039639.

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Caribbean coral reef communities were restructured by episodes of accelerated biotic change during the late Oligocene/early Miocene and the late Pliocene/early Pleistocene. However, rigorous description of the effects of rapid biotic change is problematic because preservation and exposure of coral-bearing deposits is not consistent in all stratigraphic intervals. In the Caribbean, early and middle Miocene exposures are more rare than late Miocene and Pliocene exposures. One exception is the late early to early middle Miocene Tamana Formation of Trinidad, and old and new collections from this u

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Marković, S. B., U. Hambach, T. Stevens, et al. "Loess in the Vojvodina region (Northern Serbia): an essential link between European and Asian Pleistocene environments." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences - Geologie en Mijnbouw 91, no. 1-2 (2013): 173–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016774600001578.

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AbstractLoess deposits in the Vojvodina region, northern Serbia, are among the oldest and most complete loess-paleosol sequences in Europe to date. These thick sequences contain a detailed paleoclimatic record from the late Early Pleistocene. Based on the correlation of detailed magnetic susceptibility (MS) records from Vojvodina with the Chinese loess record and deep-sea isotope stratigraphy we here reconfirm and expand on a stratigraphic model of the Vojvodinian loess-paleosol chronostratigraphic sequence following the Chinese loess stratigraphic system.Variations in MS, dust accumulation ra

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9

Markova, Anastasia K. "Eastern European rodent (Rodentia, mammalia) faunas from the Early–Middle Pleistocene transition." Quaternary International 131, no. 1 (2005): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2004.07.020.

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10

Huuse, Mads. "Late Cenozoic palaeogeography of the eastern North Sea Basin: climatic vs tectonic forcing of basin margin uplift and deltaic progradation." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark 49 (December 2, 2002): 145–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37570/bgsd-2003-49-12.

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The late Eocene to middle Pleistocene development of the eastern North Sea Basin is described by a series of palaeogeographic maps. The maps are based on published information integrated with recent investigations of seismic and well data from the eastern North Sea. The maps provide overviews of the basin geometry at late Eocene, late Oligocene, middle Miocene, late Miocene, late Pliocene and middle Pleistocene time. In post-Eocene time, the eastern and central North Sea Basin was progressively filled by large deltas, which built out from the eastern basin margin. These deltas were fed by anci

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11

Collareta, Alberto, Simone Casati, Edoardo Terranova, et al. "The Youngest European Record of the Chelonian Family Trionychidae (Calabrian, Central Italy) Offers New Clues on the Quaternary Extirpation History of the Softshell Turtles." Geosciences 14, no. 9 (2024): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences14090239.

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We report on the geologically youngest occurrence of the softshell turtle family Trionychidae in Europe, from middle Calabrian (Emilian) strata cropping out at Montalto, Pisa Province (Tuscany, central Italy). This record indicates that the softshell turtles survived well past the glacial pulse at ca. 1.8 Ma. That the most recent finds of Trionychidae all over Europe come from mainland Italy further evokes the role of the Apennine peninsula as a refugium for humid-dwelling herpetofaunas through most of the Plio-Pleistocene. Reduced humidity associated with the intensified cool stages at the be

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Head, Martin J., Brad Pillans, and Sarah A. Farquhar. "The Early–Middle Pleistocene Transition: characterization and proposed guide for the defining boundary." Episodes 31, no. 2 (2008): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/2008/v31i2/014.

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13

Martı́nez-Navarro, Bienvenido, and Maria Rita Palombo. "Occurrence of the Indian genusHemibos(Bovini, Bovidae, Mammalia) at the Early–Middle Pleistocene transition in Italy." Quaternary Research 61, no. 3 (2004): 314–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2004.02.002.

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The morphology of the horn-core structure and section shape of theBos galerianustype specimen, as well as the general anatomy of the frontal and occipital areas of the skull, suggest that the skull is better attributed to the Indian genusHemibos. This finding contributes to our understanding of faunal dispersal patterns into Europe at the Early–Middle Pleistocene transition.

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Guillermic, Maxence, Sambuddha Misra, Robert Eagle та Aradhna Tripati. "Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> estimates for the Miocene to Pleistocene based on foraminiferal <i>δ</i><sup>11</sup>B at Ocean Drilling Program Sites 806 and 807 in the Western Equatorial Pacific". Climate of the Past 18, № 2 (2022): 183–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-183-2022.

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Abstract. Constraints on the evolution of atmospheric CO2 levels throughout Earth's history are foundational to our understanding of past variations in climate. Despite considerable effort, records vary in their temporal and spatial coverage and estimates of past CO2 levels do not always converge, and therefore new records and proxies are valuable. Here we reconstruct atmospheric CO2 values across major climate transitions over the past 16 million years using the boron isotopic composition (δ11B) of planktic foraminifera from 89 samples obtained from two sites in the West Pacific Warm Pool, Oc

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15

Bertini, Adele, Francesco Toti, Maria Marino, and Neri Ciaranfi. "Vegetation and climate across the Early–Middle Pleistocene transition at Montalbano Jonico, southern Italy." Quaternary International 383 (October 2015): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.003.

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16

Hu, Wangjie, Ziqian Hao, Pengyuan Du, et al. "Genomic inference of a severe human bottleneck during the Early to Middle Pleistocene transition." Science 381, no. 6661 (2023): 979–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abq7487.

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Population size history is essential for studying human evolution. However, ancient population size history during the Pleistocene is notoriously difficult to unravel. In this study, we developed a fast infinitesimal time coalescent process (FitCoal) to circumvent this difficulty and calculated the composite likelihood for present-day human genomic sequences of 3154 individuals. Results showed that human ancestors went through a severe population bottleneck with about 1280 breeding individuals between around 930,000 and 813,000 years ago. The bottleneck lasted for about 117,000 years and broug

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17

Wattanapituksakul, Athiwat, Rasmi Shoocongdej, and Cyler Conrad. "Preservation of Mammalian Teeth and Bones Influences Identification of Terminal Pleistocene to Middle Holocene Hunter-Gatherer Subsistence at Ban Rai Rockshelter, Northwest Thailand." Quaternary 5, no. 4 (2022): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat5040051.

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Ban Rai Rockshelter in northwest Thailand, dating to the Terminal Pleistocene and Middle Holocene, includes evidence for hunter-gatherer exploitation of mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, and arthropods. Abundant faunal remains, identified throughout site deposits, include macaques (Macaca sp.) and Sambar deer (Rusa unicolor), but these identifications are influenced by an assemblage largely comprised of preserved tooth elements and fragmented bone. Area 3 at Ban Rai has the largest abundance and diversity of faunal remains recovered and identified in this study. Here, we examine the zooarchaeolo

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18

Benvenuti, Marco, Jean-Jacques Bahain, Chiara Capalbo, et al. "Paleoenvironmental context of the early Neanderthals of Poggetti Vecchi for the late middle Pleistocene of Central Italy." Quaternary Research 88, no. 2 (2017): 327–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.51.

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AbstractWork on thermal pools at Poggetti Vecchi in Grosseto, Italy, exposed an up to 3-meter-thick succession of seven sedimentary units. Unit 2 in the lower portion of the succession contained vertebrate bones, mostly of the straight-tusked elephant, Palaeoloxodon antiquus, commingled with stone, bone, and wooden tools. Thermal carbonates overlying Unit 2 are radiometrically dated to the latter part of the middle Pleistocene. This time span indicates that early Neanderthals produced the human artifacts from Poggetti Vecchi. The elephant bones belong to seven individuals of different ages. Se

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Wu, Xiu-Jie, Shu-Wen Pei, Yan-Jun Cai, et al. "Archaic human remains from Hualongdong, China, and Middle Pleistocene human continuity and variation." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 20 (2019): 9820–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1902396116.

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Middle to Late Pleistocene human evolution in East Asia has remained controversial regarding the extent of morphological continuity through archaic humans and to modern humans. Newly found ∼300,000-y-old human remains from Hualongdong (HLD), China, including a largely complete skull (HLD 6), share East Asian Middle Pleistocene (MPl) human traits of a low vault with a frontal keel (but no parietal sagittal keel or angular torus), a low and wide nasal aperture, a pronounced supraorbital torus (especially medially), a nonlevel nasal floor, and small or absent third molars. It lacks a malar incisu

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20

Arauza, Hanna M., Alexander R. Simms, Leland C. Bement, et al. "Geomorphic and sedimentary responses of the Bull Creek Valley (Southern High Plains, USA) to Pleistocene and Holocene environmental change." Quaternary Research 85, no. 1 (2016): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2015.11.006.

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Fluvial geomorphology and stratigraphy often reflect past environmental and climate conditions. This study examines the response of Bull Creek, a small ephemeral creek in the Oklahoma panhandle, to environmental conditions through the late Pleistocene and Holocene. Fluvial terraces were mapped and their stratigraphy and sedimentology documented throughout the course of the main valley. Based on their elevations, terraces were broadly grouped into a late-Pleistocene fill terrace (T3) and two Holocene fill-cut terrace sets (T2 and T1). Terrace systems are marked by similar stratigraphies recordi

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Alexeeva, Nadezhda V., and Margarita A. Erbajeva. "Changes in the fossil mammal faunas of Western Transbaikalia during the Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary and the Early–Middle Pleistocene transition." Quaternary International 131, no. 1 (2005): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2004.07.002.

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22

Marino, Maria, Teresa Rodrigues, Ornella Quivelli, Angela Girone, Patrizia Maiorano, and Franck Bassinot. "Paleoproductivity proxies and alkenone precursors in the Western Mediterranean during the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 601 (September 2022): 111104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2022.111104.

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23

McNabb, John. "Hominins and the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition: evolution, culture and climate in Africa and Europe." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 247, no. 1 (2005): 287–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2005.247.01.17.

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24

Hughes, Philip D., Philip L. Gibbard, and Jürgen Ehlers. "The “missing glaciations” of the Middle Pleistocene." Quaternary Research 96 (February 4, 2020): 161–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qua.2019.76.

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AbstractGlobal glaciations have varied in size and magnitude since the Early–Middle Pleistocene transition (~773 ka), despite the apparent regular and high-amplitude 100 ka pacing of glacial–interglacial cycles recorded in marine isotope records. The evidence on land indicates that patterns of glaciation varied dramatically between different glacial–interglacial cycles. For example, Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 8, 10, and 14 are all noticeably absent from many terrestrial glacial records in North America and Europe. However, globally, the patterns are more complicated, with major glaciations re

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Lubell, David. "Are land snail a signature for the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition." Documenta Praehistorica 31 (December 31, 2004): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dp.31.1.

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Edible land snails, representing food remains, are frequently very abundant in late Pleistocene and early-middle Holocene archaeological sites throughout the circum-Mediterranean region. As such, they appear to represent a signature for a broad spectrum subsistence base as first conceived by Flannery in 1969, and therefore must be in some way related to the transition from foraging to food production. This paper investigates the implications that can be drawn from the presence of these snails through information on their ecology, biology, behaviour and nutritional value as well as the behaviou

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Salehi, Tayebe. "Population genetic structure of the endangered yellow spotted mountain newt (Neurergus derjugini: Amphibia, Caudata) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences." January 2019, Volume 29, Number 1 (January 1, 2019): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33256/hj29.1.3747.

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The yellow spotted mountain newt (Neurergus derjugini) is a critically endangered species restricted to fragmented habitats in highland streams of the middle Zagros Mountain in Iran and Iraq. We examined the species phylogeography by investigating sequences of a mitochondrial fragment of the ND2 gene for 77 individuals from 15 locations throughout the species known distribution. We found relatively high haplotype diversity (0.82 ± 0.025) but low nucleotide diversity (0.0038 ± 0.00022) across all populations. Phylogenetic trees supported monophyly, and the segregation of haplotypes was concorda

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Duval, Mathieu, Lee J. Arnold, Josep M. Parés, and Dirk L. Hoffmann. "The Jaramillo Subchron and the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition in continental records from a multidisciplinary perspective." Quaternary International 389 (December 2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.09.018.

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28

Boulygina, Eugenia, Fedor Sharko, Maksim Cheprasov, et al. "Ancient DNA Reveals Maternal Philopatry of the Northeast Eurasian Brown Bear (Ursus arctos) Population during the Holocene." Genes 13, no. 11 (2022): 1961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13111961.

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Significant palaeoecological and paleoclimatic changes that took place during Late Pleistocene—Early Holocene transition are considered important factors that led to megafauna extinctions. Unlike many other species, the brown bear (Ursus arctos) has survived this geological time. Despite the fact that several mitochondrial DNA clades of brown bears became extinct at the end of the Pleistocene, this species is still widely distributed in Northeast Eurasia. Here, using the ancient DNA analysis of a brown bear individual that inhabited Northeast Asia in the Middle Holocene (3460 ± 40 years BP) an

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Shipton, C. "Hierarchical Organization in the Acheulean to Middle Palaeolithic Transition at Bhimbetka, India." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 26, no. 4 (2016): 601–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095977431600041x.

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The transition from the Acheulean to the Middle Palaeolithic represents a critical threshold in human evolution when archaic behaviour patterns gave way to the Levallois stone tool technology that characterizes later Pleistocene hominins including Homo neanderthalensis and early Homo sapiens. This article examines that transition through a comparative perspective on handaxes and cleavers (collectively referred to here as bifaces) from the site of Bhimbetka in central India. The Bhimbetka bifaces are compared to those from Patpara, another transitional assemblage in central India, as well as no

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Minyuk, P. S., D. K. Pozhidaeva, and S. S. Burnatny. "CHANGES IN ROCK MAGNETIC CHARACTERISTICS IN LATE PLEISTOCENE-HOLOCENE SEDIMENTS OF GRYAZEVOE LAKE, UPPER KOLYMA." Tikhookeanskaya Geologiya 44, no. 1 (2025): 52–72. https://doi.org/10.30911/0207-4028-2025-44-1-52-72.

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Lake Gryazevoe formed in the Late Pleistocene about 25 ka cal BP. Magnetic properties of sediments as thick as 780 cm reflect their accumulation conditions controlled primarily by climate. In the Late Pleistocene, terrigenous sediments were dominant in the basin. The composition of magnetic minerals and magnetic properties are similar in slope and lake sediments. Magnetic minerals are mainly titanomagnetites. Late Pleistocene sediments are characterized by relatively high values of magnetic susceptibility (MS), saturation magnetization (Js), and remanent saturation magnetization (Jrs). A notic

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Thompson, Jessica C., David K. Wright, Sarah J. Ivory, et al. "Early human impacts and ecosystem reorganization in southern-central Africa." Science Advances 7, no. 19 (2021): eabf9776. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf9776.

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Modern Homo sapiens engage in substantial ecosystem modification, but it is difficult to detect the origins or early consequences of these behaviors. Archaeological, geochronological, geomorphological, and paleoenvironmental data from northern Malawi document a changing relationship between forager presence, ecosystem organization, and alluvial fan formation in the Late Pleistocene. Dense concentrations of Middle Stone Age artifacts and alluvial fan systems formed after ca. 92 thousand years ago, within a paleoecological context with no analog in the preceding half-million-year record. Archaeo

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Palombo, Maria R., and Andrea M. F. Valli. "Highlighting the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition in Italian and French large-mammal faunas: similarities and faunal renewals." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 247, no. 1 (2005): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2005.247.01.15.

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Barendregt, R. W., and Jean-Serge Vincent. "Late Cenozoic paleomagnetic record of Duck Hawk Bluffs, Banks Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 27, no. 1 (1990): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e90-010.

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Detailed paleomagnetic investigations have been completed on unconsolidated sediments from Duck Hawk Bluffs on Banks Island, in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, that record some of the oldest late Cenozoic glacial and nonglacial events in Canada. The preglacial Worth Point Formation, the overlying Duck Hawk Bluffs Formation, including marine and glacial deposits laid down during the Banks Glaciation, and the lower part of the interglacial Morgan Bluffs Formation have magnetically reversed directions and therefore are of Matuyama age (>790 ka). Upper Morgan Bluffs Formation organic beds and

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Agusti, Jorge, Oriol Oms, and Josep M. Pares. "Calibration of the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition in the continental beds of the Guadix–Baza Basin (SE Spain)." Quaternary Science Reviews 18, no. 12 (1999): 1409–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-3791(98)00116-4.

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Cuenca-Bescós, G., J. Rofes, and J. Garcia-Pimienta. "Environmental change across the Early-Middle Pleistocene transition: small mammalian evidence from the Trinchera Dolina cave, Atapuerca, Spain." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 247, no. 1 (2005): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2005.247.01.16.

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Mega, Aline, Teresa Rodrigues, Emília Salgueiro, Mária Padilha, Henning Kuhnert, and Antje H. L. Voelker. "The Early–Middle Pleistocene Transition in the Gulf of Cadiz (NE Atlantic) – an interplay between subtropical gyre and extremely cold surface waters." Climate of the Past 21, no. 5 (2025): 919–39. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-21-919-2025.

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Abstract. Besides the shift in dominant orbital cyclicity depicted in paleoclimate proxy records, the Mid-Pleistocene Transition or Early–Middle Pleistocene Transition (EMPT) was linked to a change in the deep thermohaline circulation. Those changes contributed to more intense and longer-lasting glacial periods and cooler sea surface temperatures (SSTs) during glacials. Within the Atlantic Ocean, the Iberian Margin is considered a key location to study climatic variations influenced by both high- and low-latitude processes. In this study we focus on IODP Site U1387 on the southern Portuguese m

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Barham, Lawrence, Stephen Tooth, Geoff A. T. Duller, Andrew J. Plater, and Simon Turner. "Excavations at Site C North, Kalambo Falls, Zambia: New Insights into the Mode 2/3 Transition in South-Central Africa." Journal of African Archaeology 13, no. 2 (2015): 187–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3213/2191-5784-10270.

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We report on the results of small-scale excavations at the archaeological site of Kalambo Falls, northern Zambia. The site has long been known for its stratified succession of Stone Age horizons, in particular those representing the late Acheulean (Mode 2) and early Middle Stone Age (Mode 3). Previous efforts to date these horizons have provided, at best, minimum radiometric ages. The absence of a firm chronology for the site has limited its potential contribution to our understanding of the process of technological change in the Middle Pleistocene of south-central Africa. The aim of the excav

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Mecozzi, Beniamino, Alessio Iannucci, Marco Carpentieri, et al. "Climatic and environmental changes of ~100 thousand years: The mammals from the early Middle Pleistocene sequence of Notarchirico (southern Italy)." PLOS ONE 19, no. 10 (2024): e0311623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0311623.

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Here we revise all the paleontological sample of Notarchirico, including historical collections and new findings collected during 2016–2023 excavations. Notarchirico is one of the most significant sites for the study of human evolution and terrestrial ecosystem dynamics during the Early-Middle Pleistocene Transition, preserving nearly 100.000 years of environmental and climatic changes constrained between 695 ± 6 ka and 614 ± 12 ka. The deposit yielded the oldest human fossil of the Italian Peninsula, and one of the oldest European evidence of Homo heidelbergensis, as well as one of the earlie

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Lozhkin, Anatoly V., Patricia M. Anderson, Pavel S. Minyuk, Julia A. Korzun, Ekaterina Y. Nedorubova, and Mariana A. Kirillova. "Environmental changes in Arctic Chukotka during Marine Isotope Stages 38‐31: implications for the Early to Middle Pleistocene transition." Boreas 49, no. 1 (2019): 168–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bor.12413.

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Martínez-Navarro, Bienvenido, and Rivka Rabinovich. "The fossil Bovidae (Artiodactyla, Mammalia) from Gesher Benot Ya‘aqov, Israel: Out of Africa during the Early–Middle Pleistocene transition☆." Journal of Human Evolution 60, no. 4 (2011): 375–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2010.03.012.

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Dodonov, A. E. "The stratigraphic transition and suggested boundary between the Early and Middle Pleistocene in the loess record of northern Eurasia." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 247, no. 1 (2005): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2005.247.01.11.

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Barton, R. N. E., A. Bouzouggar, and C. B. Stringer. "Bridging the gap: new fieldwork in northern Morocco." Antiquity 75, no. 289 (2001): 489–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x0008858x.

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The question of human contacts between Africa and the Iberian Peninsula in the Middle and Upper Pleistocene is of key interest in research of human origins. Discussion continues to focus on whether the sea gap separating the landmasses proved an effective barrier to cultural interchange and population movements. At its narrowest point the Gibraltar Strait is no more than 14 km wide and at times of lower sea level in the Pleistocene the gap would have been considerably reduced by the exposure of several offshore islands. Such sea crossings were apparently well within the capabilities of early h

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Matviishyna, Zh M., and S. P. Doroshkevych. "Micromorphological peculiarities of the Pleistocene soils in the Middle Pobuzhzhya (Ukraine) and their significance for paleogeographic reconstructions." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 28, no. 2 (2019): 327–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/111932.

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The basic micromorphological features of fossil Pleistocene soils of the Middle Pobuzhzhya region are revealed. The early Neopleistocene (Shyrokyne, Martonosha, Lubny) and Middle Pleistocene Zavadivka soils are characterized by bright brownish, reddish and brownish colors of plasma, compact composing structural separations in the form of cleave blocks with densely packed nodular formations of ferruginous matter, cracksman ship of the mass, a significantamount of ferruginous, manganese and carbonate new formations. In the soils of the early optimum of the Kaydaky stage, signs of the eluvial-ill

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Wennrich, V., P. S. Minyuk, V. Borkhodoev, et al. "Pliocene to Pleistocene climate and environmental history of Lake El'gygytgyn, Far East Russian Arctic, based on high-resolution inorganic geochemistry data." Climate of the Past 10, no. 4 (2014): 1381–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1381-2014.

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Abstract. The 3.6 Ma sediment record of Lake El'gygytgyn/NE Russia, Far East Russian Arctic, represents the longest continuous climate archive of the terrestrial Arctic. Its elemental composition as determined by X-ray fluorescence scanning exhibits significant changes since the mid-Pliocene caused by climate-driven variations in primary production, postdepositional diagenetic processes, and lake circulation as well as weathering processes in its catchment. During the mid- to late Pliocene, warmer and wetter climatic conditions are reflected by elevated Si / Ti ratios, indicating enhanced diat

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Orain, R., V. Lebreton, E. Russo Ermolli, et al. "Hominin responses to environmental changes during the Middle Pleistocene in central and southern Italy." Climate of the Past 9, no. 2 (2013): 687–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-687-2013.

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Abstract. The palaeobotanical record of early Palaeolithic sites from Western Europe indicates that hominins settled in different kinds of environments. During the "mid-Pleistocene transition (MPT)", from about 1 to 0.6 Ma, the transition from 41- to 100-ka dominant climatic oscillations, occurring within a long-term cooling trend, was associated with an aridity crisis which strongly modified the ecosystems. Starting from the MPT the more favourable climate of central and southern Italy provided propitious environmental conditions for long-term human occupations even during the glacial times.

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Orain, R., V. Lebreton, E. Russo Ermolli, et al. "Hominin responses to environmental changes during the Middle Pleistocene in Central and Southern Italy." Climate of the Past Discussions 8, no. 5 (2012): 5181–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-8-5181-2012.

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Abstract. The palaeobotanical record of early Palaeolithic sites from Western Europe indicates that hominins settled in different kinds of environments. During the "Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT)", from about 1 to 0.6 Ma, the transition from 41-ka to 100-ka dominant climatic oscillations, occurring within a long-term cooling trend, was associated with an aridity crisis which strongly modified the ecosystems. Starting from the MPT the more favorable climate of central and southern Italy provided propitious environmental conditions for long-term human occupations even during the glacial times.

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Liebrand, Diederik, and Anouk T. M. de Bakker. "Bispectra of climate cycles show how ice ages are fuelled." Climate of the Past 15, no. 6 (2019): 1959–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1959-2019.

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Abstract. The increasingly nonlinear response of the climate–cryosphere system to insolation forcing during the Pliocene and Pleistocene, as recorded in benthic foraminiferal stable oxygen isotope ratios (δ18O), is marked by a distinct evolution in ice-age cycle frequency, amplitude, phase, and geometry. To date, very few studies have thoroughly investigated the non-sinusoidal shape of these climate cycles, leaving precious information unused to further unravel the complex dynamics of the Earth's system. Here, we present higher-order spectral analyses of the LR04 δ18O stack that describe coupl

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Demezhko, D. Y., and A. A. Gornostaeva. "Geothermal evidence of the Late Pleistocene-Holocene orbital forcing (example from the Urals, Russia)." Climate of the Past Discussions 10, no. 4 (2014): 3617–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-10-3617-2014.

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Abstract. We use early obtained in the Middle Urals geothermal reconstruction of the ground surface temperature (GST) history to determine the surface heat flux (SHF) history over the past 35 kyr. A new algorithm of GST-SHF transformation was applied to solve this problem. The time scale of geothermal reconstructions has been corrected by comparing the estimated heat flux and annual insolation at the latitude of 60° N. The consistency of SHF and insolation changes on the interval 35–6 kyr BP (the linear correlation coefficient R = 0.99) points to orbital factors as the main cause of climatic c

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Demezhko, D. Y., and A. A. Gornostaeva. "Late Pleistocene–Holocene ground surface heat flux changes reconstructed from borehole temperature data (the Urals, Russia)." Climate of the Past 11, no. 4 (2015): 647–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-647-2015.

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Abstract. We use geothermal reconstruction of the ground surface temperature (GST) history early obtained in the Middle Urals to determine the surface heat flux (SHF) history over the past 35 kyr. A new algorithm of GST–SHF transformation was applied to solve this problem. The timescale of geothermal reconstructions has been corrected by comparing the estimated heat flux and annual insolation at the latitude of 60° N. The consistency of SHF and insolation changes on the interval 35–6 kyr BP with the linear correlation coefficient R = 0.99 points to orbital factors as the main cause of climatic

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Djamali, Morteza, Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu, Madjid Shah-hosseini, et al. "A late Pleistocene long pollen record from Lake Urmia, Nw Iran." Quaternary Research 69, no. 03 (2008): 413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2008.03.004.

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A palynological study based on two 100-m long cores from Lake Urmia in northwestern Iran provides a vegetation record spanning 200 ka, the longest pollen record for the continental interior of the Near East. During both penultimate and last glaciations, a steppe ofArtemisiaand Poaceae dominated the upland vegetation with a high proportion of Chenopodiaceae in both upland and lowland saline ecosystems. WhileJuniperusand deciduousQuercustrees were extremely rare and restricted to some refugia,Hippophaë rhamnoidesconstituted an important phanerophyte, particularly during the late last glacial per

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