Relevant bibliographies by topics / Early school years

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Early school years'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Early school years"

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Whiteford, Rhona. "Early Years Nursery School, Withington." Practical Pre-School 2011, no. 127 (2011): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/prps.2011.1.127.6.

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Waldfogel, Jane, and Elizabeth Washbrook. "Early Years Policy." Child Development Research 2011 (April 26, 2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/343016.

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We analyze the role that early years policy might play in narrowing educational attainment gaps. We begin by examining gaps in school readiness between low-, middle-, and high-income children, drawing on data from new large and nationally representative birth cohort studies in the USA and UK. We find that sizable income-related gaps in school readiness are present in both countries before children enter school and then decompose these gaps to identify the factors that account for the poorer scores of low-income children. We then consider what role early years policy could play in tackling these gaps, drawing on the best available evidence to identify promising programs.
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Winter, Eileen C. "A Modified School Year: Perspectives from the Early Years." Child Care in Practice 11, no. 4 (2005): 399–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13575270500340226.

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Rosenthal, Dorothy B., and Rodger W. Bybee. "High School Biology: The Early Years." American Biology Teacher 50, no. 6 (1988): 345–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4448759.

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Zaiger, Donna Shipley. "School Nursing Services: The Early Years." Journal of School Nursing 16, no. 3 (2000): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1622/1059-8405(2000)016[0011:snstey]2.0.co;2.

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Zaiger, Donna Shipley. "School Nursing Services: The Early Years." Journal of School Nursing 16, no. 3 (2000): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105984050001600302.

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English, Lyn D., and James J. Watters. "Mathematical modelling in the early school years." Mathematics Education Research Journal 16, no. 3 (2005): 58–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03217401.

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Yallop, John J. Guiney. "Of Necessity: Making Decisions About Our Daughter’s Early Learning Years." LEARNing Landscapes 5, no. 2 (2012): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36510/learnland.v5i2.556.

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Parents play significant roles in their children’s learning. Part of those roles include making decisions about when and where their children go to school, or, if those decisions are, or seem, impossible, parents make decisions about how they are going to navigate this apparently inevitable relationship—parents and schools. This article explores some decisions two parents made about their daughter’s learning as she headed into school, and during her early school years. The author is aware that not all parents would, or even could, make some of the decisions he made with his partner about their child’s learning. The stories contained in this article are offered not as examples of what constitutes good parenting, or good decision-making about relationships with schools, but as reflective pathways into understanding how difference locates us within expected relationships.
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Pitt, G. A. J. "Liverpool: the early years of biochemistry." Biochemical Society Transactions 31, no. 1 (2003): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0310016.

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The first Chair and department of biochemistry in the U.K. were founded at the University of Liverpool in 1902, thanks to a generous donation by William Johnston, a Liverpool shipowner. The first holder of the Johnston Chair, Benjamin Moore, was a dynamic man, who set up an active research centre. In 1906, he and Edward Whitley founded The Bio-Chemical Journal as a private venture, and in 1912, they sold it to the Biochemical Society. Moore also initiated the first Honours School of Biochemistry in the country before moving to London in 1914 and being succeeded by Walter Ramsden. The development of the department was stopped by World War I, and there was little expansion in the 1920s. After Ramsden's retirement in 1931, the third Johnston Professor, Harold Channon, increased staff numbers, ran a successful research school and re-established the Honours course. World War II brought that to an end, and Channon moved into industry. After the war, biochemistry expanded from a niche subject in a small number of British universities into one that was strongly represented in most universities, but the penetration of biochemistry into wide areas of functional biology has blurred conventional subject boundaries, so in many universities (including the University of Liverpool), departments of biochemistry have been incorporated into large more general schools.
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Wigfield, Allan, Susan Lutz, and A. Laurel Wagner. "Early Adolescents'Development Across the Middle School Years: Implications for School Counselors." Professional School Counseling 9, no. 2 (2005): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5330/prsc.9.2.2484n0j255vpm302.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Early school years"

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Kozica, Saida, and Marcus Falk. "Religion Education in the early school years." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-31848.

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Vi tycker det här ämnet är viktigt och passar bra in i vår verksamhetsförlagda tid och i vår utbildning som en framtida lärare. Det är viktigt att vi redan i tidig ålder försöker informera våra elever att vi alla som lever i detta samhälle har fler likheter än olikheter och genom att tala kring detta så kan man få bort begreppen vi och de. Rasism är byggd på fördomar, därför tycker vi det är viktigt att man börjar tala kring religion redan tidigt i åldrarna. Vi anser att genom att vi diskuterar olika religioner i klassrummen så skapar eleverna förståelse till dessa religioner, denna förståelse kan vara väldig väsentlig för dem i deras vuxenliv. I detta arbete försöker vi få fram vad elever anser om religion, vad som intresserar dem. Detta gör vi med hjälp av enkäter, vi har valt två olika skolor som skiljer sig både var de ligger och hur mångkulturell skolorna är. Genom enkäterna så tänkte vi försöka få fram likheter och skillnader mellan de. Vi försöker också få fram hur olika lärare arbetar inom religion och hur de försöker integrera det i undervisningen. För att få fram detta resultat har vi valt att användas av intervjuer, där vi har intervjuat lärare på två olika skolor.
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Miller, Linda Kathleen. "Literacy development in the pre-school years." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365930.

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Lilley, Patricia Rosemary. "Implementing local education authority policy : four year olds in school." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302244.

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Gregory, Evelyn Elsie. "The nature and significance of boundary negotiation between teachers and children from "non-school-oriented" backgrounds in early school reading lessons." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1992. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10018655/.

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Children from families which do not share the language, culture or social class of the teacher are often viewed as 'disadvantaged' when they enter school. It comes as no surprise to teachers when these children experience problems in beginning reading in the classroom. The teachers' expectations are backed up by statistics showing that children from 'non-school-oriented' backgrounds are less likely to succeed at all stages in their school careers. Explanations for lack of progress are sought in the children's linguistic, cultural or cognitive deficiency or, most recently, in their inexperience of narrative and literature from home. Within this framework, children from 'non-schooloriented' backgrounds who step quickly and easily into reading in school can be explained only as 'exceptions' whose progress is beyond the teachers' control. In this study, I examine the origins of the teachers' beliefs. Using the example of two children from 'nonschool- oriented' families who make very different progress in early reading lessons as a starting-point, I question the validity of explanations grounded in the deficit of the child and the home. I then propose a new focus of attention; the interaction between teacher and child and their negotiation of the reading task during group and individual lessons. Through ethnographic and ethnomethodological approaches to studying the interaction between a group of children, their families and the teacher during the first eighteen months in school, I argue that a child's early reading progress does not depend upon entering the classroom from a 'school-oriented' home but an ability to engage in a specific pattern of dialogue and turn-taking with the teacher during early reading lessons. Ultimately, it depends upon the child being able to negotiate a joint interpretation of the reading task with the teacher.
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Jones, Caroline A. "Special educational needs : identification and assessment in the early years." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340549.

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Logan, Muriel L. "Creating educational experiences through the objects children bring to school." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21152.

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The Scottish Curriculum for Excellence is framed, without visible theory, in language embedding the value of children’s experiences. In association with a policy encouraging practitioners to develop healthy home/school links, early childhood practitioners develop pedagogical practices in support of this curricular language of experience. One aspect coming into focus is children’s experiences in general rather than only those which take place within institutional walls. One way children introduce their out-of-school experiences into classrooms is by voluntarily bringing treasured objects from home to early childhood setting doors. By jointly engaging with John Dewey’s view that worthwhile educational experiences are developed through interactions and continuities, the pedagogic practices of twelve early childhood practitioners and the view that each child-initiated object episode could be viewed as part of a child’s experience this research aims to better understand practitioners’ development of educational experiences through their responses to the objects forty children voluntarily brought to school. In support of this aim three research questions focused on 1) what objects children brought? 2) what practitioners said and did with the objects? and 3) what practice similarities and differences were visible across two consecutive age groups: 3-5 year olds in a nursery (preschool) and 5-7 year olds in a composite Primary 1/2 class (formal schooling)? During an eight month period in 2009 data were collected by classroom observations, collection of photographic images and practitioner interviews in a government-funded, denominational, early childhood setting in a Scottish village school. Data were analysed for the physical and social properties of children’s objects, practitioner’s pedagogic practices when engaging with the brought-in objects and similarities and differences in object-related classroom behaviours as epitomised in the relationships in each classroom. The findings were that practitioners made use of three main pedagogical practices when engaging with children’s brought-in objects: transforming objects into educational resources, shaping in-school object experiences and building a range of relationships around these objects. While the broad patterns of practice used in both classrooms were similar the details of practice showed underlying framings of children and their futures were different in each classroom. It is argued that what Dewey’s views offer, in the context of these findings, is a theoretical framing of experience that opens new possibilities for practitioner’s individual and group reflections on their current practices and collaborative practice development. His is one of the languages of experience available as practitioners and policy makers around the world grapple with educational questions.
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Brinn, Michelle. "Exploring intercultural understanding through home-school communication in an international school." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665419.

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This inquiry was prompted by a desire to understand ‘partnership working’ (DfE, 2012, p.3) with the diverse parental body of a British International School Pre-Nursery based in Bangkok. It was hypothesised that this necessitated the co-construction of a shared understanding between home and school about a child’s learning. Nonetheless, the manner in which this could be achieved was unclear. Consequently, an explorative case study was instigated to gain a greater understanding of home-school interactions within this context. Influenced by Early Years policy and literature, as well as concepts of dialogue and interculturalism, it was hypothesised that involving parents within the redevelopment of a reporting and assessment tool may support the co-construction of a shared understanding about the child as a learner. Accordingly, a series of parental meetings were organised to elicit parental views. The parental meetings were illuminating and prompted the adaptation of a range of tools and artefacts to scaffold parents into a greater understanding of Pre-Nursery pedagogy and to engage them in a learning dialogue with school. At the completion of the study, evidence indicated that the development of a shared understanding between home and school had been achieved. This suggested that integrating conceptions of scaffolding and co-construction within home-school communication enhanced the potential for partnership working. Nonetheless, the complexities of engaging with the diverse parental body found within international education were also highlighted. In addition, the inquiry highlighted the difficulties of sustaining and extending practice innovations. It was concluded that further research may be necessary to fully understand partnership working within this context and to develop the consistent whole school approach deemed necessary to support its implementation.
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Fraser, Val. "Literacy begins at home : a case study approach to the examination of the storybook interactions between parents and their pre-school children." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324720.

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Woods, Annette. "The contexts and purposes of school literacy pedagogy : 'failing' in the early years /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe.pdf.

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Jönsson, Emelie. "Den tidiga läs- och skrivutvecklingen - The development of literacy during early school years." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-34764.

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Arbetet med den tidiga läs- och skrivundervisningen hos sex intervjuade lärare skildras i denna studie. Syftet är att redogöra för idag verksamma lärares undervisning av tidig läs- och skrivutveckling samt bringa klarhet i huruvida de använder sig av specifika metoder som stöd i arbetet. Vilka metoder är i sådana fall aktuella och arbetar samtliga lärare på samma sätt? Studien avser även ta del av hur elevers individuella behov bemöts i undervisningen samt hur lärarna i studien arbetar för att möta eleverna på den kunskapsnivå de befinner sig. Empirin grundar sig i semistrukturerade kvalitativa intervjuer för att få djup och helhet inom undersökta företeelser. Studiens resultat visar att det inte finns någon specifik uttalad metod de intervjuade lärarna arbetar efter, detta gäller såväl den tidiga läsutvecklingen som den tidiga skrivutvecklingen. Dock kan gemensamma synsätt på undervisningen och inlärning skönjas då samtliga verksamma lärare ser fonologisk medvetenhet och formaliserad bokstavsträning som grundstenar i undervisningen.
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Books on the topic "Early school years"

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Aubrey, Carol. Leading and managing early years. Sage Publications, 2007.

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Aubrey, Carol. Leading and managing early years. Sage Publications, 2007.

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Gillooly, Margaret A. Primary school principalship: The early years. University College Dublin, 1998.

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Lesley, Pugh, ed. Music in the early years. Routledge, 1998.

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Eichhorn, Donald H. Eichhorn: The early years in middle level education. Edited by David Robert J. Pennsylvania Middle School Association, 1995.

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wilton, gill. The Practical Pre-school Early Years Handbook. step forward publishing, 2001.

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Fujisawa, Tohru. GTO, the early years. Vertical, 2012.

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Fujisawa, Tohru. GTO, the early years. Vertical, 2012.

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Barnouw, Elsa. Adventures with children in the early school years. Agathon Press, 1986.

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Joanna, Glover, ed. Music in the early years. Falmer Press, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Early school years"

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Sahota, Pinki. "Pre-school prevention interventions." In Early years nutrition and healthy weight. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119023258.ch8.

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Robinson, Katherine M. "Arithmetic Concepts in the Early School Years." In Mathematical Learning and Cognition in Early Childhood. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12895-1_10.

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Allan, Miriam. "Male Singing in Early Years of School." In Perspectives on Males and Singing. Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2660-4_19.

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Gray, Frank. "Wonders and Marvels: Smith’s Early Years." In The Brighton School and the Birth of British Film. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17505-4_4.

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Conklin, Hilary G. "Being Present in the Middle School Years." In Developmentalism in Early Childhood and Middle Grades Education. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230107854_4.

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Sood, Krishan, Sheine Peart, and Malini Mistry. "The changing role of leaders in Early Years education." In Becoming a Successful School Leader. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315657615-10.

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Cotton, Tony. "Preparing for 'big school'." In How to Develop Confident Mathematicians in the Early Years. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315211398-5.

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Menyuk, Paula, and Maria Estela Brisk. "Early Childhood Language Education: The Primary School Years." In Language Development and Education. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230504325_6.

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Singh, Sunita. "Language Literacy and Bilingualism in the Early Years." In Early Childhood Education and School Readiness in India. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7006-9_8.

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Yuen, Celeste Y. M. "Social Equity and Home–School Collaboration in Multicultural Early Years’ Education—A Hong Kong Perspective." In Home-School Relations. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0324-1_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Early school years"

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Zin, Thi Thi, Swe Zar Maw, and Pyke Tin. "OCR Perspectives in Mobile Teaching and Learning for Early School Years in Basic Education." In 2019 IEEE 1st Global Conference on Life Sciences and Technologies (LifeTech). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lifetech.2019.8883978.

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Jones, Lawrence W. "Kent M. Terwilliger; graduate school at Berkeley and early years at Michigan, 1949–1959." In KENT M. TERWILLIGER memorial symposium. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.41146.

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Kazeni, Monde. "EARLY PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS ABOUT SCIENCE AND SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS: A CASE STUDY IN SOUTH AFRICA." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end004.

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Early primary school (grades R to 3) science education has been in the spotlight in recent years, as science education scholars are increasingly acknowledging the need to provide a strong foundation in science education, to motivate learners to study the subject in subsequent years. Literature suggests that most early primary school teachers lack the basic knowledge required to introduce young learners to science, and to motivate them in the study of science. Primary school teachers’ limited knowledge of science and its processes could affect how they introduce and develop science concepts in early primary school learners. In the South African context, there is limited literature on early primary school teachers’ knowledge of science and its processes, as well as on teachers’ attitudes towards the teaching of science to early primary school learners. The purpose of the study was to investigate early primary school teachers’ knowledge of the concepts of science and science process skills, and to determine their perceptions regarding the teaching of science in early primary school. The study involved four purposively selected early primary school teachers, in the Gauteng province of South Africa. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews, and the findings showed that the participating teachers had limited knowledge of the concepts of science and science process skills, and that they mostly had negative perceptions about the teaching of science in early primary school. These findings have implications on the training of early primary school teachers.
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Do Thi, Hien, and Thuy Nguyen Thi Thanh. "Socilaization through Sign Language for Deaf Children in Early School Years in Light of Communication Theory." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2020. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2020.7-2.

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Like the impact of natural language on normal children, sign language plays an important role in the comprehensive development of deaf children. Deaf children also use sign language to think, communicate and socialize. So how do we teach deaf children sign language? Is teaching sign language to deaf children the same as teaching language for normal children? In this article, considering the situation of many deaf children in the first grade who have few language skills and limited communicative competence, we discuss the factors affecting language teaching in these environments. Furthermore, we propose games which may enhance their language skills, and to assist them to develop and improve the quality of life, and thus to integrate into larger society.
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Estéfany Freitas Barbosa, Glória, Larissa da Silva Gomes, Margaret Fernandes Coelho de Oliveira, and Ana Raquel de Souza Pourbaix Diniz. "The impacts of the Digital Age on the formation of readers in the early years of Elementary School." In 7th International Congress on Scientific Knowledge. Perspectivas Online: Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25242/8876113220212441.

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The theme aboutreader formation in Brazil is recurrent in different debates throughout history, considering its importance for the construction of a literate society.This study aimed to draw the reader's profileaged 6 to 10 yearsof the literary text, making an interface with the influence of the Digital Age in the choice of textual genres (fairy tales, legends, fables, among others) and in the formats of reading adhered to by students.Therefore, we aimed to identify the different styles of reading, as well as the ideological aspects inherent to this phenomenon, based on the frequency and formats of reading, namely: on screen and on paper.As a methodology, we carried out a bibliographic survey and applied exploratory research to private school teachers, in a city in the interior of the State of Rio de Janeiro.The survey data point to the great challenge of waking up children's appetite for the universe of reading in the Digital Age. Of the interviewed teachers,most defend the importance of literary reading, however most prefer videos and movies to reading.According to the teachers' testimony, children who like to read develop more creativity and criticality. The research revealed that the option for the act ofreading in detriment to other possibilities of access to culture receives a lot of influence from the encouragement of the school and the family.The sampling highlighted the importance of the literary ambience. We hope that the studywill contribute to the thought of new strategies to encourage reading, by portraying the students' inclination towards audiovisual language
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Barbosa, Glória Estéffany Freitas, Larissa da Silva Gomes, Margaret Fernandes Coelho de Oliveira, and Ana Raquel de Sousa Pourbaix Diniz. "The impacts of the Digital Era on the formation of readers in the early years of elementary school." In V Seminário de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento PROVIC/PIBIC - II Encontro de Iniciação Científica CNPq. Perspectivas Online: Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25242/8876102820202192.

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Charles Manon, Boutin. "Second Language Education in the Early Years:Implications on Literacy Learning." In 2nd International Conference on Advanced Research in Education. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/2nd.educationconf.2019.11.796.

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Learning a foreign language is not merely about learning its words and its grammar but is also learning about concepts, intellectual skills and such (Cummins, 2000: 18-19) that l that are usable skills in the first language. Many authors seem to think that this is mostly related to metalinguistic abilities (Bialystok, 2001; Garfinkel et Tabor, 1991; and others, see Gaonac’h: 2006). These skills, during early childhood, seem to be closely linked to later literacy competences, including reading and writing. Indeed, Cummins explains through his CUP theory that these skills are “linked and interdependent” (2001: 18) for additive bilingual subjects, who have a high proficiency in both of their languages. As these researchers worked mostly on balanced bilingualism in children, we are wondering if these advantages could also be seen on monolingual children who learn a second language at school in the pre-literacy years. If this was the case, how would the second-language learning influence and help develop first-language abilities and literacy? Would it be possible to easily develop a method for children in all types of schools, without the g generally high costs (financial and human) of a bilingual education? The aim of this presentation is to explore how this could be effective and if it is, how we could apply this easily in any setting. It uses a c ase-study currently taking place in Paris, France, following 38 French-speaking children during two years from age 5 to age 7.
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Ljubičić, Sanja, Ljubomir Antekolović, and Vedran Dukarić. "Differences in the level of body equilibrium by sex in early school-age children." In 12th International Conference on Kinanthropology. Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9631-2020-10.

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Equilibrium represents the motor capability responsible for the performance of virtually all functional movements. Thus, the importance of early diagnosis of equilibrium levels in boys and girls was recognized as the key factor for the prevention of motor deficits and muscles misbalances later in life. Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to show the difference between boys and girls aged 7‒10 years in the level of unilateral static balance of the take-off leg. Methods: Research was conducted at the Kvarner Athletics Club Rijeka, and it involved 80 children aged 7‒10 years (38 boys and 42 girls). Measurement of static unilateral equilibrium was obtained using Gyko Inertial System (Microgate, Bolzano, Italy). Three attempts were made in 20 seconds and two motor variables were observed: medio-lateral and antero-posterior trajectories of the body. For both variables, the arithmetic mean, the minimum and maximum score and standard deviation were calculated. Moreover, a non-parametric method of the Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine statistical significance between boys and girls. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Statistically, girls have significantly better results compared to boys, both in the medio-lateral trajectory variable (M_Sumg = 335.1, M_Sumb = 479.34) and the antero-posterior trajectory variable (M_Sumg = 291.14, M_Sumb = 411.71). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that girls aged 7‒10 years achieved significantly better results compared to boys in observed motor variables (medio-lateral and antero-posterior trajectory of the body), when performing a static unilateral take-off leg balance test. These results are consistent with previous research. Indications for such results stem from different perspectives, among which the most common one refers to the earlier maturation of the systems responsible for postural control in female bodies. Recommendation for further research is to conduct examination on a larger sample of subjects, in younger children (pre-school age) and with both legs.
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Tudor, Sofia-Loredana. "Study on the Training Needs of Teaching Staff to Provide Quality Early Childhood Education Services." In ATEE 2020 - Winter Conference. Teacher Education for Promoting Well-Being in School. LUMEN Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/atee2020/36.

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Early child development is related to early education, health, nutrition, and psychosocial development; therefore, the holistic concept of early approach combines elements from the area of stimulation of the child, health, nutrition, speech therapy, psychological counselling, physical development support, etc. The need for the development of integrated early education services and their extension to the area of 0-3 years are priorities of the European strategies assumed through a complex of educational policy measures, having as a priority the development of quality early education services for the benefit of all prerequisites for lowering the schooling rate (Strategy for early childhood education, Strategy for parental education, Strategy for reducing early school leaving in Romania, Study on the evaluation of public policies in the field of early childhood education - Saber Early Childhood). In this context of the development of early childhood education, numerous inequalities are identified in the implementation of European and national strategies and programs in the development of early childhood education services, supported by economic, political, social factors, etc. In order to make them compatible at European level, we consider it necessary to support training and development programs for staff providing educational services in early childhood education institutions. The purpose of this study is to acknowledge the opinion of the bodies with attributions in the pre-kindergarten and preschool education in Romania, as well as of the civil society and public opinion, as a prerequisite for identifying school policy measures and developing programs for training the teaching staff so as to be able to provide educational services in early childhood education (representatives responsible for early childhood education in school inspectorates and Houses of the Teaching Staff, teaching staff in preschool educational institutions, representatives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection, representatives of the Social Assistance Directorate, managers of nursery schools, representatives of NGOs and other categories of organizations with experience in the field, parents and interested representatives of the civil society and public opinion). The present study is a qualitative research based on the focus-group method, but also a quantitative research by using the questionnaire-based survey, being carried out on a representative sample of 100 persons (2 focus-group of 25 persons, respectively 50 persons involved in the survey-based questionnaire). The conclusions of this study highlight the need to restructure the system of early childhood education in Romania through interventions at the legislative level and ensure a unitary system of policy and intervention in early childhood education. Also, we believe it is imperative to reorganize the training system of the human resource, by developing complementary competences of the teaching staff, adapted to the training needs of the early childhood population, ensuring a valuable inclusive and integrated intervention.
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Margaretha van der Poll, Huibrecht, and John Andrew van der Poll. "Towards an Analysis of Poor Learner Performance in a Theoretical Computer Literacy Course." In InSITE 2007: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3102.

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An alarming number of learners in Accounting at a large distance teaching university fail an introductory course in computer literacy. The lecturers proposed over a period of three years various methods of studying and preparing for the examination in the subject, but with limited success. The problem seems to start at school level even as early on as primary school education. Distance-teaching institutions are furthermore faced with the absence of a classroom environment, a facility which many learners, fresh from school, still have a need for. However, having marked a few thousand scripts twice a year over the past three years, the lecturers identified a number of subproblems all part of the larger problem of learners having to use English as their second or third language to master a content subject. Other problems include an inability to determine the relevance of a formulated answer to a question.
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Reports on the topic "Early school years"

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Carneiro, Pedro, Sofía Castro Vargas, Yyannú Cruz-Aguayo, Gregory Elacqua, Nicolás Fuertes, and Norbert Schady. Medium-Term Impacts of Access to Daycare on School Outcomes: Experimental Evidence from Rio de Janeiro. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003236.

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In this document we analyze the impacts of a large-scale intervention that provided access to daycare centers for children in low-income neighborhoods in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Our results suggest that the intervention had a positive impact on enrollment rates and on the number of years children were enrolled to daycare during early childhood. We also find that winning the lottery had a positive effect on how regularly children attended primary school during the academic year. Because of the high attrition rates in the sample, we are unable to conclude whether the lottery had a positive impact on medium-term academic outcomes like standardized tests scores and overall grades.
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Dell'Olio, Franca, and Kristen Anguiano. Vision as an Impetus for Success: Perspectives of Site Principals. Loyola Marymount University, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.policy.2.

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Findings from the first two years of a 3-year evaluation of the PROMISE Model pilot are presented in this policy brief that seeks to understand the extent to which school principals know, understand, and act upon research-based principles for English Language Learners (ELL) and their intersection with the California Professional Standards for Educational Leadership related to promoting ELL success. Surveys and focus groups were used to gather data from school principals at fifteen schools throughout Southern California including early childhood, elementary, middle, and high schools. School principals identified several areas where PROMISE serves as a beacon of hope in promoting and validating critical conversations around a collective vision for success for all learners including ELL, bilingual/biliterate, and monolingual students. Educational and policy recommendations are provided for the following areas: 1) recruitment and selection of personnel and professional development; 2) accountability, communication and support; and 3) university-based educational leadership programs. This policy brief concludes with a call for school principals to facilitate the development, implementation, and stewardship of a vision for learning that highlights success for English Learners and shared by the school and district community.
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Lavadenz, Magaly, Sheila Cassidy, Elvira G. Armas, Rachel Salivar, Grecya V. Lopez, and Amanda A. Ross. Sobrato Early Academic Language (SEAL) Model: Final Report of Findings from a Four-Year Study. Center for Equity for English Learners, Loyola Marymount University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.seal2020.

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The Sobrato Early Academic Language (SEAL) Model Research and Evaluation Final Report is comprised of three sets of studies that took place between 2015 and 2019 to examine the effectiveness of the SEAL Model in 67 schools within 12 districts across the state of California. Over a decade ago, the Sobrato Family Foundation responded to the enduring opportunity gaps and low academic outcomes for the state’s 1.2 million English Learners by investing in the design of the SEAL Model. The SEAL PreK–Grade 3 Model was created as a whole-school initiative to develop students’ language, literacy, and academic skills. The pilot study revealed promising findings, and the large-scale implementation of SEAL was launched in 2013. This report addresses a set of research questions and corresponding studies focused on: 1) the perceptions of school and district-level leaders regarding district and school site implementation of the SEAL Model, 2) teachers’ development and practices, and 3) student outcomes. The report is organized in five sections, within which are twelve research briefs that address the three areas of study. Technical appendices are included in each major section. A developmental evaluation process with mixed methods research design was used to answer the research questions. Key findings indicate that the implementation of the SEAL Model has taken root in many schools and districts where there is evidence of systemic efforts or instructional improvement for the English Learners they serve. In regards to teachers’ development and practices, there were statistically significant increases in the use of research-based practices for English Learners. Teachers indicated a greater sense of efficacy in addressing the needs of this population and believe the model has had a positive impact on their knowledge and skills to support the language and literacy development of PreK- Grade 3 English Learners. Student outcome data reveal that despite SEAL schools averaging higher rates of poverty compared to the statewide rate, SEAL English Learners in grades 2–4 performed comparably or better than California English Learners in developing their English proficiency; additional findings show that an overwhelming majority of SEAL students are rapidly progressing towards proficiency thus preventing them from becoming long-term English Learners. English Learners in bilingual programs advanced in their development of Spanish, while other English Learners suffered from language loss in Spanish. The final section of the report provides considerations and implications for further SEAL replication, sustainability, additional research and policy.
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Hudson, Kesha N., and Michael T. Willoughby. The Multiple Benefits of Motor Competence Skills in Early Childhood. RTI Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rb.0027.2108.

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Recent findings from the Kids Activity and Learning Study complement North Carolina’s multidimensional approach to promoting school readiness by emphasizing the integrated nature of motor and cognitive development in early childhood. Children whose motor skills improved the most over the course of an academic year also tended to demonstrate the biggest gains in executive function and numeracy skills. Children who participated in adaptive, group-based motor skill activities demonstrated gains in motor competence, executive function, and numeracy skills. Incorporating motor activities into established classroom practices has the potential to facilitate multiple aspects of children’s development and promote school readiness. The brief includes specific recommendations for early childhood educators.
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Haider, Huma. Financial Incentives to Reduce Female Infanticide, Child Marriage and Promote Girl’s Education: Impact. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.004.

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This review examines evidence on the key design features and impact of programmes that use Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) or baby bonds to reduce female infanticide, child marriage and promote girl’s education. Conditional cash transfer (CCT) schemes have been adopted to promote the survival and well-being of girls. They provide parents with financial incentives to raise daughters; to delay marrying them until age 18, and to reduce the gender imbalance in school. Given that many CCT programmes aimed at addressing girl children are relatively new, it has in many cases been too early to evaluate their effectiveness. There is thus limited evidence of the impact of their implementation and outcomes. This helpdesk report focuses on recent studies, published in the past five years, on select programmes implemented in South Asia, particularly in India, for which there is the most available information. Evidence suggests that CCT programmes aimed at supporting the girl child have succeeded in promoting school enrolment and delaying marriage in South Asia. It is less clear, however, the extent to which these transfers have affected gender-biased sex selection.
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Oza, Shardul, and Jacobus Cilliers. What Did Children Do During School Closures? Insights from a Parent Survey in Tanzania. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2021/027.

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In this Insight Note, we report results of a phone survey that the RISE Tanzania Research team conducted with 2,240 parents (or alternate primary care-givers) of primary school children following the school closures in Tanzania. After the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Tanzania on 16 March 2020, the government ordered all primary schools closed the following day. Schools remained closed until 29 June 2020. Policymakers and other education stakeholders were concerned that the closures would lead to significant learning loss if children did not receive educational support or engagement at home. To help stem learning loss, the government promoted radio, TV, and internet-based learning content to parents of school-age children. The primary aims of the survey were to understand how children and families responded to the school closures, the education related activities they engaged in, and their strategies to send children back to school. The survey also measures households’ engagement with remote learning content over the period of school closures. We supplement the findings of the parent survey with insights from interviews with Ward Education Officers about their activities during the school closures. The survey sample is comprised of primary care-givers (in most cases, parents) of students enrolled in Grades 3 and 4 during the 2020 school year. The survey builds on an existing panel of students assessed in 2019 and 2020 in a nationally representative sample of schools.4 The parent surveys were conducted using Computer Assisted Telephonic Interviewing (CATI) over a two-week period in early September 2020, roughly two months after the re-opening of primary schools. We report the following key findings from this survey: *Almost all (more than 99 percent) of children in our sample were back in school two months after schools re-opened. The vast majority of parents believed it was either safe or extremely safe for their children to return to school. *Only 6 percent of households reported that their children listened to radio lessons during the school closures; and a similar fraction (5.5 percent) tuned into TV lessons over the same period. Less than 1 percent of those surveyed accessed educational programmes on the internet. Households with access to radio or TV reported higher usage. *Approximately 1 in 3 (36 percent) children worked on the family farm during the closures, with most children working either 2 or 3 days a week. Male children were 6.2 percentage points likelier to work on the family farm than female children. *Households have limited access to education materials for their child. While more than 9 out of 10 households have an exercise book, far fewer had access to textbooks (35 percent) or own reading books (31 percent). *One in four parents (24 percent) read a book to their child in the last week.
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Peters, Vanessa, Barbara Means, Maria Langworthy, et al. Enabling Analytics for Improvement: Lessons from Year 2 of Fresno’s Personalized Learning Initiative. Digital Promise, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/53.

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Now in its second year, the Fresno Unified School District’s Personalized Learning Initiative (PLI) continues to help teachers and students develop the skills, competencies and mindsets essential for “as yet imagined” futures. A unique aspect of Fresno’s PLI is its analytics partnership between Fresno Unified, Microsoft Education, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt and Digital Promise. This report describes the early success of the PLI on students’ learning outcomes, evidence on what elements of the implementation are working, and the process and principles of the analytics partnership. The report aims to share with other education systems the lessons learned from this journey.
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‘Early years childcare. ACAMH, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.14771.

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In this podcast we talk to Professor Eva Lloyd OBE, Professor of Early Childhood in the School of Education and Communities at UEL, about social exclusion and child poverty, and what looks and feels like for those who are in it.
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Ambitious Mashups: Reflections on a Decade of Cyberlearning Research. Digital Promise, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/105.

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This report reflects on progress from over eight years of research projects in the cyberlearning community. The community involved computer scientists and learning scientists who received NSF awards to investigate the design of more equitable learning experiences with emerging technology—focusing on developing the learning theories and technologies that are likely to become important within 5-10 years. In early 2020, the Center for Innovative Research in Cyberlearning's team analyzed the portfolio of past and current project in this community and convened a panel of experts to reflect on important trends and issues, including artificial intelligence and learning; learning theories; research methods; out-of-school-time learning; and trends at NSF and beyond.
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National report 2009-2019 - Rural NEET in Serbia. OST Action CA 18213: Rural NEET Youth Network: Modeling the risks underlying rural NEETs social exclusion, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/cisrnyn.nrrs.2020.12.

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The situation of rural Youths Neither in Employment nor in Education or Training (NEET) aged between 15 and 34 years old, over the last decade (2010-2019) in Serbia is presen-ted in this report. The main criterion for analysis was the degree of urbanisation, where the comparison was done between rural areas, towns and suburbs, cities, and the whole country. The data available on EUROSTAT and the national Statistical office of Serbia were used as main resources for statistical interpretation. The statistical procedures used in the report rely on descriptive longitudinal analysis, using graphical displays (e.g. overlay line charts) as well as the calculation of proportional abso-lute and relative changes between observed years. The analysis of the youth population in Serbia aged 15-24 years in total as well as the youth population for different degrees of urbaisation, for the period 2010-2019, showed a de-creasing trend. In the period 2014-2019 (which is with available data for the case of Serbia) it can be ob-served that the youth employment rate is increasing in all areas of urbanisation. In contrast to the employment, the level of unemployment in Serbia is constantly decreasing in the period 2014-2019. This trend is similar for all three areas of urbanisation.The decrease in the number of early school leavers is registered in the case of entire Serbia, cities, and rural areas. The only trend of increasing of early school leavers’ rate is recorded for the towns and suburbs, for the observed period 2014-2019.In the period 2010-2019, the NEET rate is declining in Serbia for all three degrees of ur-banisation. In comparison to EU countries, Serbia is still significantly above the European average, but with a tendency of reducing the gap.
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