Relevant bibliographies by topics / Earth plaster

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Earth plaster'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Earth plaster"

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Liuzzi, Stefania, and Pietro Stefanizzi. "Experimental Investigation on Lightweight and Lime Stabilized Earth Composites." Key Engineering Materials 666 (October 2015): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.666.31.

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An experimental investigation on different clay-based plasters with straw (lightweight plaster) and lime (stabilized plaster) was carried out. The aim of the study was to increase the knowledge on earthen materials in terms of final performance in building applications. In the first part of the study different thermal and hygric parameters were measured: thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, sorption capacity, water vapour permeability. Furthermore, in order to test the suitability of the unfired clay as mortar, an analysis on the mechanical strengths was carried out, measuring the compressive and the bending strength. The results show, on one hand, that when straw is added to the basic mixture a significant improvement of the sorption capacity occurs, while, the addition of lime enhances the thermal properties. On the other hand, no significant improvement of mechanical strengths can be appreciated when using these additives. Nomenclature
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Zemanová, Lucie, Jaroslav Pokorný, Milena Pavlíková, and Zbyšek Pavlík. "Properties of Modified Lime-Based Plasters for Renewal of Historical Buildings Exposed to Accelerated Carbonation Test." Materials Science Forum 909 (November 2017): 286–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.909.286.

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This paper deals with determination of basic physical, mechanical, thermal and water transport properties of lime–based plasters whose composition was modified by the addition of diatomaceous earth. To eliminate possible deterioration of original lime plaster by natural weathering, the hydrophobic admixtures on the stearate and oleate basis were added into the plaster mixtures and boiled linseed oil as a painting was applied. All studied material parameters were tested after 28 days of wet curing and after exposition to accelerated carbonation. The results of examined properties of developed plasters gave promising outcomes for the use of hydrophobised materials in renewal of historical buildings. Based on the obtained data, plaster made of lime hydrate, diatomite, and combination of water repellent agents can be recommended for renovation purposes.
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Adedeji, A. A. "Interaction analysis and optimal design of composite action of plastered straw bale." Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures 7, no. 2 (August 9, 2011): 146–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/15736101111157091.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the effects of cement‐ and earth‐plastered straw bale walls against the appropriate vertical loads.Design/methodology/approachThe effects of contact between two common types of plasters and the stacked straw bale by the optimal design analysis have been assessed in this work with the use of finite element method.FindingsCement‐ and earth‐plastered straw bale walls have shown adequate resistance against the appropriate vertical loads and showed that the earth‐plaster can bear higher stress than the cement plastered straw bale. There is the implication that the collapse or response of the earth‐straw bale wall will be significantly higher compared to that of cement‐straw bale wall.Practical implicationsThe stress stability obtained of the analytical walls is adequate after using the best fit variables for the wall height and thickness.Originality/valueThe paper shows that the allowable stresses of 70.14 kN/m2 for cement plastered straw bale wall and 73.14 kN/m2 for earth‐plastered straw bale wall are higher than the calculated stress values using SAP2000 of 18.836 and 64.2 kN/m2 for cement plastered straw bale wall, respectively.
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Lagouin, M., A. Laborel-Préneron, C. Magniont, and J.-E. Aubert. "Development of a high clay content earth plaster." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 660 (December 4, 2019): 012068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/660/1/012068.

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Pedergnana, Matthieu, and Soofia Tahira Elias Ozkan. "Hygro-Thermal, Hydric, and Mechanical Properties of Fibre and Aggregate-Reinforced Earth Plasters." International Journal of Digital Innovation in the Built Environment 10, no. 2 (July 2021): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdibe.2021070103.

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Earth plasters have been used as a protective coating for buildings but, due to their low strength and low resistance to weather conditions, they have been abandoned for more resistant materials which in return lack vapour permeability. Earth plasters have usually a high moisture sorption rate, and their water vapour permeability is high, allowing the transfer of humidity through the material. These properties make them an interesting material for controlling vapour movement in humid rooms. Improving their strength can be done by adding aggregates and/or fibres, but the real impact of using one type or another of fibres or aggregate is unknown. This research aims to understand the consequence of the choice of fibre or sand in the improvement of strength of plasters and the conservation of the plaster hygro-thermal properties. Properties of plasters using alternative fibres or aggregates such as wool, cow hair, pine needles, sand aimed for concrete mixes, or not properly graded sand have been compared to plasters made more traditionally with chaff fibres and mason sand.
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Všianský, Dalibor. "Plaster Pigments in Traditional Folk Architecture - A Case Study from Moravia (Czech Republic)." Advanced Materials Research 1000 (August 2014): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1000.289.

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The results of analyses of coloured plasters are given in the paper. The samples come from traditional folk earth houses from SE and Central Moravia and were chosen so as all of the most common colours of the Central European folk architecture are present among them: red, yellow, blue, green, and black. The analyses were conducted by the means of light microscopy, which is also a powerful tool for stratigraphical analyses, X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectrometry, end electron microanalysis. Hematite of industrial origin was identified as the red pigment, the yellow one was formed by yellow earth, which also may be a precursor for traditional production of red dye. The widest used blue pigment was ultramarine in the 19th and the first half of 20th century in Moravia. The analysed green pigments were formed by an organic dye of green earth and the black one consisted of soot. Based on the sort and composition of pigment and plaster, the age of the material is also discussed.
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Santos, Tânia, Paulina Faria, and Vítor Silva. "Can an earth plaster be efficient when applied on different masonries?" Journal of Building Engineering 23 (May 2019): 314–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.02.011.

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Toffolo, Michael B., Lior Regev, Eugenia Mintz, Ifat Kaplan-Ashiri, Francesco Berna, Stéphan Dubernet, Xin Yan, Johanna Regev, and Elisabetta Boaretto. "Structural Characterization and Thermal Decomposition of Lime Binders Allow Accurate Radiocarbon Age Determinations of Aerial Lime Plaster." Radiocarbon 62, no. 3 (May 27, 2020): 633–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2020.39.

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ABSTRACTRadiocarbon (14C) dating of anthropogenic carbonates (CaCO3) such as ash, lime plaster and lime mortar, has proven a difficult task due to the occurrence of a number of contaminants embedded within the CaCO3 pyrogenic binder. These include 14C-free geologic components and/or secondary phases bearing an unknown amount of 14C, and thus the alteration of the original pyrogenic isotopic signature of the material results in major age offsets when carbon recovery is performed through acid hydrolysis. Here we present a characterization/quantification approach to anthropogenic carbonates that includes Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, thin section petrography, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy coupled with high-resolution cathodoluminescence, with which we identified the pyrogenic CaCO3 fraction in an aerial lime plaster and two hydraulic mortars. The preserved pyrogenic component was then isolated by density separation and its purity checked again using FTIR. Carbon was recovered through thermal decomposition in vacuum. The resulting 14C age matches the expected age of the lime plaster, whereas hydraulic mortars are slightly offset due to the carbonation of calcium hydroxide lumps. This approach highlights the importance of a dedicated characterization strategy prior to dating and may be applied to aerial lime plasters to obtain accurate ages.
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Novotný, Martin, and Dalibor Všianský. "Regional Variations of Traditional Folk Houses Plaster Pigments in South East and Central Moravia, Czech Republic." Solid State Phenomena 296 (August 2019): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.296.85.

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Colouring of folk houses, its variations in time and sorts of pigments used has been very little explored in the region of interest so far. The paper shows the results of the investigation of twenty four coloured plaster and render samples from six object from two ethnographic regions of Moravia, Czech Republic. Polarizing microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy were the principal analytical methods were. The results show that all the blue colours were due to ultramarine application, red one was caused by industrial by-product of iron processing and the yellow one by ochre. The deep green was due to organic synthetic pigment, whereas the lighter shades due to green earth, a natural glauconite clay in these cases. Based on the examined set of samples, no qualitative difference in the composition of pigments were found between South Eastand Central Moravia. In both the regions not only lime but also plaster or Paris or a mixture of both the material was used to produce plasters and renders in the past.
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Bass, Angelyn, Douglas Porter, Mike Spilde, Matthew Guebard, Katherine Shaum, and Nicholas Ferriola. "Characterization and Comparative Analysis of Ancient Earthen Plasters from the American Southwest." MRS Advances 2, no. 39-40 (2017): 2145–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.240.

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ABSTRACT We have studied earthen plasters and wall materials from three ancient Native American sites in the American Southwest that include a twelfth-century, subterranean kiva used for textile production in Natural Bridges National Monument (Utah), a thirteenth-century, defensive, cliff dwelling at Montezuma Castle (Arizona), and a mid-fourteenth-century, puddled earth Great House at Casa Grande National Monument (Arizona). In each case, the data collected has been used to develop long-term preservation strategies and monitoring plans for each site. To understand the conservation issues, earthen materials were analyzed. Characterization included examination of BSE-SEM micrographs of polished thin sections prepared from a total of 36 samples from the three sites, and XRD of twelve samples. Research goals included: 1) determining the microstructure, micro-composition, porosity, mineralogy of aggregates and phases in the binding matrix for each sample; 2) reconstructing plaster technologies and their variation within and between sites, including material selection, preparation and application sequences, and; 3) identifying principal deterioration conditions and processes. Our findings support the idea that plaster materials were collected locally and manipulated to optimize their performance to suit the unique site conditions and needs of the ancient people using the structures.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Earth plaster"

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Rhodiner, Petter. "What Happens on Earth Stays on Earth." Thesis, Konstfack, Keramik & Glas, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-6443.

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In this project I look at our relationship to Nature and how it is expressed in western material culture.  I propose that this relationship is ambivalent and paradoxical and seek means to make this evident.  I look to 18th century gardens for a historical and cultural context and to Rene Descartes for an explanation as to how this ambivalence came to be.  This is the work of someone who thinks too much, makes cynical and wide sweeping assumptions about human behavior and has access to a workshop 7 days a week for 2 years.
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Prince, Leland Fred. "Leland F. Prince's Earth Divers." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2085.

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My stoneware sculptures in my MFA final project were named Earth Divers because clay as a material is earth and clay is also symbolic of the Earth. The way that I physically dive into clay up to my elbows is a poetic performance. The sculptures were built in sections horizontally and then stacked vertically. I began the process by first making life size plaster molds of the human figure taken from live people. Earth Divers take their architectural structure specifically from the organic curves of the negative voids that are characteristic of the plaster figure molds. I built into these plaster molds a block or brick like section. I then removed the large block sections from the molds and stacked the sections one on top of the other combining the figurative and architectural structures with gothic influence. The sculptor, Stephen De Staebler, who works in a similar fashion, describes his work as, "... first laying the figure down and later standing it in a vertical position." The way of life that was lost with the manufacturing past of my family at Castone Brick is found in the use of industrial nostalgia by modeling I-beam shapes as part of the structure of the stacked sections. I also fired nuts, bolts, and washers of various sizes in the clay that build the surface of the human forms. The square nut seen in my work is no longer being manufactured and is symbolic of the passing of the industrial age in America. Finally, to build the surfaces of my sculptures I used slips, glazes, and a variety of clays on top of clay, and laid glass fragments on the horizontal surfaces to create a look of pooled water when my work was fired similar to what I have seen in the Lehman Caves in Baker, Nevada. "I believe there is a force in this world that lives beneath the surface, something primitive and wild that awakens when you need an extra push just to survive, like wild flowers that bloom after a fire turns the forest black. Most people are afraid of it and keep it buried deep inside themselves. But, there will always be a few people who have the courage to love what is untamed inside us." (Tim McGraw)
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Šmardová, Kateřina. "Hliněné povrchy v současné architektuře." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233241.

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The theme of this thesis are surfaces made of unburned earth and used in architecture. The thesis focuses mainly on detailed mapping and analysis of the present state. However, it does not omit the historical roots of earthen surfaces in the area of today`s Czech Republic. In these roots it looks for connections with contemporary practice. The thesis deduces conclusions from thorough evaluation of the present situation – it shows perspectives and possible drift of the future development of earthen surfaces. Both in the field of architecture and in areas broadening this field.
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Lagouin, Méryl. "Caractérisation et optimisation multiphysiques d'une paroi bicouche bio et géosourcée." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30258.

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Secteur clé dans la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique et dans la transition énergétique, le domaine du bâtiment doit prioritairement repenser et transformer son activité. L'utilisation de matériaux premiers et biosourcés permet, entre autres, de répondre efficacement à ces enjeux environnementaux. Ils participent à la préservation des ressources naturelles et à la diminution des consommations de matières premières d'origine fossile par valorisation de déchets ou coproduits renouvelables ainsi qu'à la limitation des émissions de gaz à effet de serre et à la création de nouvelles filières économiques. Dans ce contexte, le travail de thèse réalisé vise à proposer une solution constructive bio et géosourcée à faible impact environnemental. Ainsi, un matériau d'isolation thermique répartie en béton végétal, utilisé en remplissage d'une structure porteuse, est considéré ici. Pour la formulation de béton léger, le potentiel de deux agroressources, le maïs et le tournesol, est évalué. Ces granulats disponibles localement sont considérés en remplacement de la chènevotte de chanvre, couramment utilisée mais plus faiblement disponible. Ils sont alors associés à un liant. Deux matrices minérales différentes sont utilisées dans l'étude : une chaux formulée et un liant pouzzolanique. L'exploration de la microstructure des matériaux composites et de leurs composants, ainsi que l'étude des interactions entre les différentes phases permettent une compréhension des performances hygrothermiques et mécaniques des matériaux développés. La plus forte porosité ouverte des composites à base de liant pouzzolanique confère aux agrobétons une capacité tampon hygrique supérieure à celle des matériaux à base de chaux formulée. Par ailleurs, les hydrosolubles de maïs ont un effet délétère sur la prise et le durcissement du liant, compromettant ainsi le comportement mécanique du béton végétal durci qui est alors incompatible avec son utilisation en construction. Au regard des propriétés d'usage, la formulation à base de liant pouzzolanique et de granulats de tournesol apparaît donc comme étant la plus satisfaisante. Rarement laissés à l'état brut dans un bâtiment, ces agrobétons sont recouverts d'un enduit susceptible d'altérer les performances hygrothermiques de la paroi. La deuxième partie du travail de thèse consiste à évaluer et optimiser les performances d'un enduit de finition en terre crue. Dans ce type d'enduit, le rôle de liant est joué par la fraction argileuse contenue dans la terre. Cette propriété colloïdale peut s'accompagner de variations volumiques importantes en fonction de l'état hydrique du matériau et de la nature minéralogique des argiles, pouvant conduire à une fissuration de l'enduit au séchage.[...]
As a key sector in the fight against climate change and in the energy transition, the building industry must re-think and transform its activity. The use of raw and bio-based materials can help to respond to this environmental challenge effectively, enabling natural resources to be saved thanks to the recovery of agricultural waste and by-products, the consumption of fossil raw materials to be reduced, greenhouse gas emissions to be limited, and new economic sectors to be created and developed. In this context, this thesis research project aims to develop a constructive bio- and geo-based solution with low environmental impact. A thermally self-insulating vegetal concrete, used to fill a load-bearing structure, is considered. For the mix design of this lightweight concrete, the potential of two agricultural by-products, maize and sunflower, is evaluated. These two locally available aggregates are considered as substitutes for hemp shiv, which is currently the most commonly used of such products even though little is available. They are then mixed with a binder. Two mineral matrices are considered in the study: a lime-based preformulated binder and a metakaolin-based pozzolanic binder. The exploration of the microstructure of both vegetal concretes and their components, together with studies of the chemical interactions between the lignocellulosic particles and the mineral binder, provide a better understanding of the hygrothermal and mechanical performances of the bio-based materials developed. The very open and interconnected pore structure of pozzolanic-based composites is responsible for their higher moisture buffering capacity than those obtained with lime-based materials, while the water-soluble components of maize disturb the setting time and the mechanical behaviour of mineral binders after hardening, thus preventing the use of maize-based concrete in construction. From the standpoint of suitability for use, pozzolanic binder and sunflower bark chips appear to be the most promising combination of raw materials for designing a hygrothermally and mechanically effective bio-aggregate based concrete. In practice, vegetal concrete walls are rarely left uncoated in a building. The presence of wall coating is likely to influence the hygrothermal behaviour of the wall. The second part of the thesis work consists of evaluating and optimising the performances of an unfired earth-based finish coating. In this type of plaster, the clayey phase ensures the global cohesion of the material by acting as a binder for the sand grain skeleton. Depending on the water state of the material, more or less affected by the soil mineralogical composition, clay can induce drying shrinkage of the mortar, leading to cracking of the plaster. [...]
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Adi, Riyono Winarputro. "CJS-RE : a hierarchical constitutive model for rammed earth." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEC036/document.

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Le pisé est une technique constructive vernaculaire consistant à compacter successivement des couches de terre humide entre des coffrages. Cette technique, présente dans le monde entier, l'est en particulier en France dans la région Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Comme il n'existe pas de réglementation attachée à cette technique constructive, il est très difficile pour des propriétaires de réparer leur bien. Le développement de cette technique pour de nouveaux projets souffre aussi de cette absence alors qu'elle répond à certains enjeux posés par le Développement Durable. Le travail présenté ici fait partie intégrante du projet national PRIMATERRE dédié à l'étude des constructions impliquant de la terre. Une loi de comportement élasto-plastique est développée dans ce travail pour modéliser le comportement du pisé. Elle s'appuie sur une approche hiérarchisée de la modélisation en lien avec le nombre d'essais disponibles pour identifier les paramètres de modèle mais aussi en lien avec la complexité de phénomènes à prendre en compte. Ce modèle s'inspire d'un modèle pré-existant, CJS, développé en géotechnique pour modéliser le comportement mécanique des matériaux granulaires. Une adaptation s'est imposée pour prendre en compte les spécificités du comportement mécanique du pisé qui possède de nombreuses similitudes avec celui des matériaux quasi-fragiles. Deux niveaux de modélisation pour le modèle de comportement appelé CJS-RE sont présentés, pouvant être utilisés dans un contexte de sollicitation monotone. Le premier niveau CJS-RE1 est un modèle élastique parfaitement plastique alors que le second niveau CJS-RE2 est un modèle élasto-plastique à écrouissage isotrope. Deux mécanismes de déformation plastique sont présents, l'un lié aux phénomènes purement déviatoires et l'autre aux phénomènes de traction. La validation du modèle a été entreprise sur la base de la simulation d'essais en laboratoire de compression diagonale et de chargement latéral (pushover) sur des murets, issus de la littérature. Le niveau CJS-RE1 a été capable de capturer les phénomènes essentiels issus de ces deux tests et peut être utilisé comme une première approches des problèmes. Le niveau CJS-RE2 a permis de retrouver plus précisément le comportement non linéaire du pisé sur une large gamme de déformations, que ce soit dans l'essai de compression diagonale ou dans le pushover. Enfin, la prise en compte d'interfaces entre les couches dans la modélisation semble constituer une approche surdimensionnée lorsque seule la résistance d'un système constitué en pisé est recherchée. Cependant, parce qu'elles apportent une certaine ductilité au système dans la modélisation, elles peuvent être utilisées lorsque des résultats plus détaillés sont attendus
Rammed earth is a vernacular building technique consisting in compacting successively layers of moist earth within formworks. This technique is present worldwide and in particular in the region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in France. As no regulation exists for rammed earth structures in France, the owners of such structures are helpless at the time when repairing damages appearing in any aging heritage structures. Moreover, this lack of regulation tends to slow down the development of such a constructive solution in new projects though this technique answers many of the issues raised by the sustainable development. The work presented herein is part of the national research project PRIMATERRE devoted to the study of construction building involving earth. Herein, an elasto-plastic constitutive law is developed for modeling the behavior of rammed earth. It is based on a hierarchical approach of the modeling in relation to the information available to identify the set of model parameters and the refinement of phenomena to be modelled. This model was adapted from a pre-existing CJS model used in advanced foundation engineering for the modelling of granular soils. The necessary adaptation of some mechanisms of the model in the context of rammed earth material which holds the characteristics of a quasi-brittle material is highlighted. Two levels for the model denoted CJS-RE which can be used in the context of monotonous loadings are presented herein. The first level is a simple elastic perfectly plastic model (CJS-RE1) and the second model is an elasto-plastic model with an isotropic hardening (CJS-RE2). Two mechanisms of plastic deformation are involved, one related to purely deviatoric phenomena and one related to tensile phenomena. The validation of the model was performed based on different sets of actual tests including diagonal compression tests and pushover tests on wallets. The simple elasto-plastic model CJS-RE1 was able to capture some basic features for these two tests and may be used for a first estimate of the system resistance. The more sophisticated model CJS-RE2 was found better to retrieve the nonlinear behavior of rammed earth over a larger range of deformations throughout both a diagonal compression test and a pushover test. Finally, the modelling of interfaces between layers of earth seems oversized when the resistance of the system is investigated. However, since they may influence the simulated ductility of the system, they may be used to model the behavior of rammed earth system more precisely
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Lemieux, Jean Francois. "The development of a computationally efficient high-resolution viscous-plastic sea ice model." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66773.

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This thesis presents the development of a high-resolution viscous-plastic (VP) sea ice model. Because of the fine mesh and the size of the domain, an efficient and parallelizable numerical scheme is desirable. In a first step, we have implemented the nonlinear solver used in existing VP models (referred to as the standard solver). It is based on a linear solver and an outer loop (OL) iteration. For the linear solver, we introduced the preconditioned Generalized Minimum RESidual (pGMRES) method. The preconditioner is a line successive overrelaxation solver (SOR). When compared to the SOR and the line SOR (LSOR) methods, two solvers commonly used in the sea ice modeling community, pGMRES increases the computational efficiency by a factor of 16 and 3 respectively. For pGMRES, the symmetry of the system matrix is not a prerequisite. The Coriolis term and the off-diagonal part of the water drag can then be treated implicitly. Theoretical and simulation results show that this implicit treatment eliminates a numerical instability present with an explicit treatment. During this research, we have also observed that the approximate nonlinear solution converges slowly with the number of OL iterations. Furthermore, simulation results reveal: the existence of multiple solutions and occasional convergence failures of the nonlinear solver. For a time step comparable to the forcing time scale, a few OL iterations lead to errors in the velocity field that are of the same order of magnitude as the mean drift. The slow convergence is an issue at all spatial resolutions but is more severe as the grid is refined. It is attributed in part to the standard VP formulation that leads to a momentum equation that is not continuously differentiable. To obtain a smooth formulation, we replaced the standard viscous coefficient expression with capping by a hyperbolic tangent function. This provides a unique solution and reduces the com
Cette thése de doctorat présente le développement d'un modéle a haute résolution visco-plastique (VP) de la glace de mer. Etant donné le maillage fin utilisé et la taille du domaine, un schéma numérique efficace et parallélisable est souhaitable. En premier lieu, nous avons utilisé le solveur non linéaire utilisé dans les mod éles VP existants (appelé le solveur standard). Ce solveur non linéaire est basé sur un solveur linéaire et une boucle externe (BE). Comme solveur linéaire, nous avons appliqué la méthode du résidu minimal généralisé avec préconditionneur (pGMRES). Le préconditionneur est un solveur de surrelaxation successive (SOR) par ligne. En comparant avec les autres méthodes utilisées dans la communauté, nous avons constaté que pGMRES est 16 fois plus rapide qu'un solveur SOR et 3 fois plus rapide qu'un solveur SOR par ligne. Pour pGMRES, la symétrie de la matrice du systéme n'est pas requise. Le terme de Coriolis et la partie hors diagonale de la contrainte du vent peuvent donc etre traités implicitement. Des résultats théoriques et des simulations démontrent que ce traitement implicite élimine une instabilité qui peut etre présente dans le cas d'un traitement explicite. Au cours de cette recherche, nous avons aussi observé que la solution non linéaire approximée converge trés lentement avec le nombre d'itérations de la BE. De plus, des résultats de simulation montrent: l'existence de solutions multiples et des cas de non convergence du solveur non linéaire. Lorsque le pas de temps est comparable a l'échelle temporelle du forçage, un petit nombre d'itérations de la BE implique des erreurs sur les vitesses simulées du meme ordre de grandeur que la vitesse moyenne. La lente convergence est un probléme pour toutes les résolutions spatiales mais est plus sévére a haute résolution. Elle est attribuable entre autr
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Fredrich, Joanne Theresa. "Experimental study of the brittle to plastic transition in marble and diabase." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13752.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 1991.
Vita.
Includes bibliographical references.
by Joanne Theresa Fredrich.
Ph.D.
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Zou, Yong, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Engineering and Industrial Design. "Behavior of the expanded polystyrene(EPS)geofoam on soft soil." THESIS_CSTE_EID_Zou_Y.xml, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/792.

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Excessive settlement and foundation instability are some of the main problems commonly encountered in fills and embankment structures built on a soft soil of low bearing capacity.The Expanded Polystyrene(EPS)replacement method, by partially or fully replacing the conventional fill material with extremely lightweight EPS geofoam, may solve these problems. In this thesis, experimental and theoretical work have been carried out to investigate the behaviour of EPS under various loading conditions in geotechnical applications and the effectiveness of EPS replacement technique has been studied using numerical models.Several tests were performed for this study and the results of these tests are given
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Zou, Yong. "Behavior of the expanded polystyrene (EPS) geofoam on soft soil /." View thesis View thesis View thesis, 2001. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030428.112945/index.html.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, Nepean, 2001.
A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, School of Civic Engineering and Environment, University of Western Sydney, Nepean, January, 2001. Bibliography : p. 215-225.
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Rojo, Amandine. "Etude de la structuration et du comportement de matériaux à base de gypse sous condition incendie." Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00880650.

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Les travaux s'inscrivent dans le cadre de la protection contre la propagation d'incendie. On distingue les protections actives,regroupant l'ensemble des actions allant de la détection d'un incendie à l'intervention des secours, des protections passivesparties intégrantes de la structure des bâtiments. Ces protections peuvent être appliquées directement sur les structures à protéger par projection, ou venir les recouvrir au moyen de panneaux plus ou moins épais assemblés. L'assemblage de panneaux permet également de former des conduits de ventilation ou de désenfumage. Les travaux entrepris portent sur la caractérisation du comportement de matériaux minéraux dédiés à la construction sous chargement thermique sévère. Le cas de liants hydratés homogènes fortement perméables est particulièrement étudié et les matériaux à base de sulfate de calcium en est l'illustration. En effet, la faible conductivité thermique et la capacité de chaleur latente du plâtre représentent des critères importantspour limiter dans le temps les transferts thermiques. Cependant, son utilisation est limitée par ses faibles propriétésmécaniques. Afin d'identifier et de comprendre les différents mécanismes entrant en jeu lors d'une élévation de température de type incendie, une caractérisation multi-échelle a été développée sur des matériaux à base de gypse. Les travaux sont réalisés avec un plâtre pris fabriqué à partir d'un hémihydrate β naturel gâché à l'eau. A la micro-échelle, la composition du produit de base et ses propriétés thermiques ont été étudiées. Une attention particulière a été portée à lidentification des cinétiques de changements de phases. A la méso-échelle, une caractérisation mécanique et structurale est réalisée à température ambiante. Des essais thermogravimétriques sont également développés : (i) sur des échantillons cylindriques en condition isotherme, ce qui permet d'y associer une analyse dilatométrique et une caractérisation après refroidissement des résistances mécaniques et de la porosité ; (ii) sur des échantillons sphériques, à rampe de chauffe imposée, pour étudier les cinétiques de transferts pour une chauffe isotrope. Le rôle de la micro-échelle est mis en avant pour chaque configuration.A la macro-échelle, nous travaillons avec des panneaux plans dont une des faces est sollicitée thermiquement par élévationde température normalisée : ISO 834. La configuration d'étudeest horizontale. Une caractérisation du comportementthermique, hydrique, chimique, structurale et mécanique est alors mise en oeuvre. L'analyse du comportement espacetempspermet de distinguer l'influence de la température dansl'avancement de la déshydratation mais également le rôle desvitesses de chauffe et de la micro-échelle. Ces travaux se terminent par la caractérisation multi-échelle de mélanges plâtre-fumée de silice. Ces formulations permettent notamment d'améliorer la tenue du matériau à haute température et ainsi de prolonger la durée de protection
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Books on the topic "Earth plaster"

1

Pam, Robson, ed. Art from sand and earth: With projects using clay, plaster, and natural fibres. Austin, Tex: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1997.

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Crews, Carole. Clay culture: Plasters, paints & preservation. Taos, N.M: Gourmet Adobe Press, 2009.

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1954-, Callahan Tim, ed. Building green: A complete how-to guide to alternate building methods--earth plaster, straw bale, cordwood, cob, living roofs. 2nd ed. New York: Lark Books, 2009.

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1954-, Callahan Tim, ed. Building green: A complete how-to guide to alternative building methods : earth, plaster, straw bale, cordwood, cob, living roofs. New York: Lark Books, 2005.

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Gernot, Minke, ed. Building with earth: Design and technology of a sustainable architecture. Basel: Birkhauser-Publishers for Architecture, 2006.

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Nunan, Jon. The complete guide to alternative home building materials & methods: Including sod, compressed earth, plaster, straw, beer cans, bottles, cordwood, and many other low cost materials. Ocala, Fla: Atlantic Pub. Group, 2009.

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Nunan, Jon. The complete guide to alternative home building materials & methods: Including sod, compressed earth, plaster, straw, beer cans, bottles, cordwood, and many other low cost materials. Ocala, Fla: Atlantic Pub. Group, 2010.

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Bundy, Kathryn Holly. The complete guide to alternative home building materials & methods: Including sod, compressed earth, plaster, straw, beer cans, bottles, cordwood, and many other low cost materials. Ocala, Fla: Atlantic Pub. Group, 2008.

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D'Amato, Janet. How on earth do we recycle plastic? Brookfield, Conn: Millbrook Press, 1992.

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Glickman, Arthur P. Compacted earth canal linings of low-plasticity soil. Denver, Colo: Geotechnical Services Branch, Research and Laboratory Services Division, Denver Office, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Earth plaster"

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Díaz Macías, Brenda Estefanía. "Evaluation of Compressed Lime Plaster tadelakt as a Protective Covering for Earth Structures." In RILEM Bookseries, 1895–903. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99441-3_203.

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Keaton, Jeffrey R. "Plastic Limit." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 727. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73568-9_224.

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Singh, A. K. "Plastic Deformation." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 864. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2642-2_688.

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Singh, A. K. "Plastic Flow." In Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 864–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2642-2_689.

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Santos, T., P. Faria, and M. I. Gomes. "Earth, Gypsum and Cement-Based Plasters Contribution to Indoor Comfort and Health." In RILEM Bookseries, 105–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76547-7_10.

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Faskheev, Igor, and Maria Trimonova. "Experimental Study of the Effect of Plastic Rock Properties on Hydraulic Fracturing." In Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences, 229–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31970-0_25.

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Galvan, Boris, and Stephen Miller. "A Full GPU Simulation of Evolving Fracture Networks in a Heterogeneous Poro-Elasto-Plastic Medium with Effective-Stress-Dependent Permeability." In Lecture Notes in Earth System Sciences, 305–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16405-7_20.

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Yu, Kun, Wen Xian Li, Ri Chu Wang, Yude Xiao, and Zhengqin Ma. "Plastic Deformation Behaviors and Microstructures of a Wrought Mg-Zn-Rare Earth Alloy." In Materials Science Forum, 547–50. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-968-7.547.

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Hough, Susan Elizabeth, and Roger G. Bilham. "The 1923 Kanto Earthquake: Surviving Doomsday." In After the Earth Quakes. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195179132.003.0010.

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Citizens of Yokohama and Tokyo were just sitting down to their Saturday noonday meal on the morning of September 1, 1923, when the great Kanto earthquake struck. The time, 11:58:44, was precisely documented by seismometers, which were by this time commonplace. In 1923, Tokyo was already a bustling urban center and port city, home to over 2 million people. Yokohama was an important port and industrial center as well, with a population of more than 400,000. As had been the case in Charleston, observers gave differing descriptions of the initial shaking; some witnesses described the same gradual onset that residents of Somerville, South Carolina, had experienced. In Yokohama, however, Otis Manchester Poole wrote that, in contrast to other temblors that allowed time for contemplative speculation (“How bad is this one going to be?”), . . . This time . . . there was never more than a few moment’s doubt; after the first seven seconds of subterranean thunder and creaking spasms, we shot right over the border line. The ground could scarcely be said to shake; it heaved, tossed and leapt under one. The walls bulged as if made of cardboard and the din became awful. . . . For perhaps half a minute the fabric of our surroundings held; then came disintegration. Slabs of plaster left the ceilings and fell about our ears, filling the air with a blinding, smothering fog of dust. Walls bulged, spread and sagged, pictures danced on their wires, flew out and crashed to splinters. Desks slid about, cabinets, safes and furniture toppled, spun a moment and fell on their sides. It felt as if the floor were rising and falling beneath one’s feet in billows knee high. . . . Poole could not gauge how much time elapsed during the tumult but cited an official record of four minutes. Although the earthquake damaged all of the seismographs operated by the seismological station at Tokyo University, Professor Akitsune Imamura and his staff were at work within minutes of the earthquake, analyzing the seismograms.
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"11 Loam plasters." In Building with Earth, 92–97. Birkhäuser, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783034612623.92.

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Conference papers on the topic "Earth plaster"

1

Jokinen, Kai, Erno Keskinen, Roland Meingast, and Risto Juvonen. "Virtual Plant Design of Industrial Manufacturing System for Earth Plasters." In 24th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.22260/isarc2007/0089.

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Dubucq, Dominique, Romain Jatiault, Pierre Boymond, and Anaïs Rusquet. "Remote sensing detection of plastic waste: recent improvements and remaining challenges." In Earth Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing/GIS Applications XI, edited by Karsten Schulz, Konstantinos G. Nikolakopoulos, and Ulrich Michel. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2574026.

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Themistocleous, Kyriacos. "Monitoring aquaculture fisheries using Sentinel -2 images by identifying plastic fishery rings." In Earth Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing/GIS Applications XII, edited by Karsten Schulz, Konstantinos G. Nikolakopoulos, and Ulrich Michel. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2600225.

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Rintamäki, Jari, Erno Keskinen, Tarmo Tamm, and Tönu Mauring. "Automatic Processing of Natural Fibres for Industrial Manufacturing of Fibre Reinforced Earth Plasters." In 24th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.22260/isarc2007/0088.

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Dong, Weixin, Yuzhen Yu, and He Lv. "Elasto-Plastic Dynamic Finite Element Analysis of an Earth-Rockfill Dam." In Geo-Shanghai 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413425.057.

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Dankovic, Tatjana, Gareth Hatch, and Alan Feinerman. "Fabrication of Plastic Micro-Channels for Microfluidics Solvent Extraction." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53526.

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In this work plastic micro channel systems were investigated as a potential device for micro solvent extraction of rare earth elements. The proposed microfluidic structures are made by laser welding of three layers of inexpensive thermoplastic films which form separate paths (top and bottom channels) for each of the immiscible fluids. The middle layer is perforated in order to provide contact between two fluids and to enable the extraction process. Experiments were performed to show that two different immiscible fluids (water and 1-octanol) can flow through the fabricated device and exit at separate outlets without mixing even when those fluids get into close contact within the main channel. Experimental results for single devices show that immiscible fluids can be brought into intimate contact and then separated with compliant polymeric microfluidic devices. The transfer of a compound from one immiscible fluid to the other was verified by dye exchange between the immiscible fluids. The same fabrication method is a promising technique for fabrication of massively parallel systems with larger throughput.
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Otoyo, Teruyoshi, and Akihito Otani. "Benchmark of Elastic Plastic Seismic Response Analysis and Fatigue Evaluation for Piping." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45721.

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This paper shows a benchmark result regarding elastic-plastic seismic response analysis and fatigue evaluation for of piping model excitation test. National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED) has a lot of experimental results of shaking table test of piping. To propose advance seismic evaluation method for piping under severe seismic event, a task in JSME Code committee performs benchmark activity for elastic plastic seismic response analysis and evaluation for piping by using NIED’s experimental results [1]. Authors are taking part in the task and have been performed a benchmark of seismic response analysis and seismic evaluation by comparing with the experimental results. For fatigue evaluation, the strain ranges and the cycles of each range obtained from strain time history were evaluated. The response acceleration and displacement was evaluated for plastic collapse.
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SKOMINAS, Rytis, Linas ZVINAKEVIČIUS, Vincas GURSKIS, and Raimondas ŠADZEVIČIUS. "EVALUATION OF SUITABILITY TO USE PLASTIC WASTE IN CONCRETE PRODUCTION." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.024.

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Nowadays one of the main tasks of environmental protection is the management and recycling of plastic waste. Plastic occupy the major part of all public waste and with this material is polluted all earth. In natural condition plastic decompose in 400 or even in 500 years. Therefore, it is important to solve this problem reusing plastic waste. One of the possible areas is construction industry. In the present paper were estimated how plastic waste impact the properties of concrete. During the research the part of coarse aggregates were changed with polyethylene (PE) pellets and cut polypropylene (PP) particles. The change of fresh concrete density, workability and hardened concrete density, compression strength, water absorbability were evaluated. The results show, that plastic waste has a positive effect on fresh concrete properties: the concrete become more workable and lighter. Unfortunately, on the main hardened concrete properties the increase plastic waste amount has the negative effect: the compression strength was decreasing and the water absorbability was increasing. However, generalizing all results, can be stated, that keeping the same level of concrete workability there are possibilities to reduce water and cement ratio and it will give strength loss and water absorbability growth compensation.
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Wang, Chang, Jing Li, and Xiuxin Hu. "Applications of Rare-Earth Thermal Diffusion Technology in Plastic Injection Mould Cavity Surface Treatment." In 2011 Second International Conference on Digital Manufacturing and Automation (ICDMA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdma.2011.62.

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Kazemian, Sina, and Soheil Ghareh. "Influence of an Earth Dam Cut-Off Plastic Concrete Component on Its Physical Properties." In Fourth Geo-China International Conference. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480106.012.

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