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Journal articles on the topic 'Earthquake complexity'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

KIKUCHI, Masayuki. "Complexity of Earthquake Source Processes." Zisin (Journal of the Seismological Society of Japan. 2nd ser.) 44, Supplement (1991): 301–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4294/zisin1948.44.supplement_301.

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2

Yin, Jiuxun, Zefeng Li, and Marine A. Denolle. "Source Time Function Clustering Reveals Patterns in Earthquake Dynamics." Seismological Research Letters 92, no. 4 (2021): 2343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200403.

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Abstract We cluster a global database of 3529 Mw&gt;5.5 earthquakes in 1995–2018 based on a dynamic time warping distance between earthquake source time functions (STFs). The clustering exhibits different degrees of complexity of the STF shapes and suggests an association between STF complexity and earthquake source parameters. Most of the thrust events have simple STF shapes across all depths. In contrast, earthquakes with complex STF shapes tend to be located at shallow depths in complicated tectonic regions, exhibit long source duration compared with others of similar magnitude, and ten

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3

Vallianatos, F., G. Michas, G. Papadakis, and A. Tzanis. "Evidence of non-extensivity in the seismicity observed during the 2011–2012 unrest at the Santorini volcanic complex, Greece." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 13, no. 1 (2013): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-177-2013.

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Abstract. During the period of October 2011–January 2012, an increase of earthquake activity has been observed in the volcanic complex of Santorini Island, Greece. Herein, the magnitude distribution of earthquakes as well as the temporal distribution of seismicity are studied. The statistics of both parameters exhibit complexity that is evident in the frequency-magnitude distribution and the inter-event time distribution, respectively. Because of this, we have used the analysis framework of non-extensive statistical physics (NESP), which seems suitable for studying complex systems. The observe

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4

Erickson, Brittany A., Junle Jiang, Michael Barall, et al. "The Community Code Verification Exercise for Simulating Sequences of Earthquakes and Aseismic Slip (SEAS)." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 2A (2020): 874–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220190248.

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Abstract Numerical simulations of sequences of earthquakes and aseismic slip (SEAS) have made great progress over past decades to address important questions in earthquake physics. However, significant challenges in SEAS modeling remain in resolving multiscale interactions between earthquake nucleation, dynamic rupture, and aseismic slip, and understanding physical factors controlling observables such as seismicity and ground deformation. The increasing complexity of SEAS modeling calls for extensive efforts to verify codes and advance these simulations with rigor, reproducibility, and broaden

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5

Ando, R., and T. Yamashita. "Fault Zone Complexity and Earthquake Ruptures." Scientific Drilling SpecialIssue (November 1, 2007): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sd-specialissue-27-2007.

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6

Rice, J. R., and Y. Ben-Zion. "Slip complexity in earthquake fault models." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 93, no. 9 (1996): 3811–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.9.3811.

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7

Barnhart, William D., Gavin P. Hayes, and David J. Wald. "Global Earthquake Response with Imaging Geodesy: Recent Examples from the USGS NEIC." Remote Sensing 11, no. 11 (2019): 1357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11111357.

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The U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center leads real-time efforts to provide rapid and accurate assessments of the impacts of global earthquakes, including estimates of ground shaking, ground failure, and the resulting human impacts. These efforts primarily rely on analysis of the seismic wavefield to characterize the source of the earthquake, which in turn informs a suite of disaster response products such as ShakeMap and PAGER. In recent years, the proliferation of rapidly acquired and openly available in-situ and remotely sensed geodetic observations has opened new a

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8

Zhang, J., F. Gao, H. Yu, and X. Zhao. "Use of an orthogonal parallel robot with redundant actuation as an earthquake simulator and its experiments." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 226, no. 1 (2011): 257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406211413050.

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In this article, an orthogonal 6-degree-of-freedom (DOF) parallel robot with redundant actuation is studied as an earthquake motion simulator. Taking the practical simulation of earthquake waves into consideration, the general characteristics of natural earthquakes are analysed and complexity and variety of seismic waves, three-dimensional and multi-DOF movement, and strong devastating force are regarded as the three obvious features in this article. Based on the characteristics of this orthogonal 6-DOF parallel robot with redundant actuation and the features of earthquakes, the feasibility of

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9

BHATTACHARYA, S. N., K. C. SINHA RAY, and H. N. SRIVASTAVA. "Large fractal dimension of chaotic at tractor for earthquake sequence near Nurek reservoir." MAUSAM 46, no. 2 (2022): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v46i2.3227.

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Fractal dimension of the chaotic attractor for earthquake sequence in Nurek dam based on 22.000 earthquakes detected during the period 1976-87 has been studied for this total period of observations as well as for the period from December 1977 to December 1987. The second period excluded increased seismic activity during second stage of filling the reservoir. Large fractal dimensions of the chaotic at tractor of 8.3 and 7.3 were found for the respective period which suggests the complexity of earthquake .dynamics in this region as compared to Koyna reservoir.

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10

Quintanar, Luis, J. Yamamoto, and Z. Jiménez. "Source mechanism of two 1994 intermediate-depth-focus earthquakes in Guerrero, Mexico." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 89, no. 4 (1999): 1004–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0890041004.

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Abstract In May and December 1994, two medium-size, intermediate-depth-focus earthquakes occurred in Guerrero, Mexico, eastward of the rupture area of the great Michoacan earthquake of September 19, 1985. Even though these are not major earthquakes (∼6.4 Mw), they were widely felt through central and southern Mexico, with minor damage at Zihuatanejo and Acapulco, located along the Pacific coast, and Mexico City. Both earthquakes, separated by ∼100 km, have similar focal depths and magnitudes, however, their focal mechanisms, based upon the polarities of first arrivals, show some differences. T

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11

Chochlaki, Kalliopi, Georgios Michas, and Filippos Vallianatos. "Complexity of the Yellowstone Park Volcanic Field Seismicity in Terms of Tsallis Entropy." Entropy 20, no. 10 (2018): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20100721.

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The Yellowstone Park volcanic field is one of the most active volcanic systems in the world, presenting intense seismic activity that is characterized by several earthquake swarms over the last decades. In the present work, we focused on the spatiotemporal properties of the recent earthquake swarms that occurred on December–January 2008–2009 and the 2010 Madison Plateau swarm, using the approach of Non Extensive Statistical Physics (NESP). Our approach is based on Tsallis entropy, and is used in order to describe the behavior of complex systems where fracturing and strong correlations exist, s

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12

Liu, Ching-Yi, Yeeping Chia, Po-Yu Chung, Tsai-Ping Lee, and Yung-Chia Chiu. "Temporal Variation and Spatial Distribution of Groundwater Level Changes Induced by Large Earthquakes." Water 15, no. 2 (2023): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15020357.

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Sustained coseismic changes in groundwater level due to static strain during earthquakes could be considered as an indicator of crustal deformation. These changes usually occur abruptly but recover slowly after earthquakes. High-frequency data indicate a time lag between the coseismic change of well water levels and that of the groundwater levels in the aquifer. Abnormal post-seismic changes in groundwater level were observed, possibly caused by cross-formation flow, fracturing, or strain relief. Although sustained changes are generally induced by a local earthquake, they could also be trigger

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13

Efstathiou, A., A. Tzanis, and F. Vallianatos. "ON THE NATURE AND DYNAMICS OF THE SEISMOGENETIC SYSTEM OF SOUTH CALIFORNIA, USA: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON NON-EXTENSIVE STATISTICAL PHYSICS." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 50, no. 3 (2017): 1329. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11839.

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We examine the nature of the seismogenetic system in South California, USA, by searching for evidence of non-extensivity in the earthquake record. We attempt to determine whether earthquakes are generated by a self-excited Poisson process, in which case they obey Boltzmann-Gibbs thermodynamics, or by a Critical process, in which long-range interactions in non-equilibrium statesare expected (correlation) and the thermodynamics deviate from the Boltzmann-Gibbs formalism. Emphasis is given to background earthquakes since it is generally agreed that aftershock sequences comprise correlated sets. A

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14

Ide, Satoshi, and Hideo Aochi. "Modeling Earthquakes Using Fractal Circular Patch Models with Lessons from the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake." Journal of Disaster Research 9, no. 3 (2014): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2014.p0264.

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Earthquakes occur in a complex hierarchical fault system, meaning that a realistic mechanically-consistent model is required to describe heterogeneity simply and over a wide scale. We developed a simple conceptual mechanical model using fractal circular patches associated with fracture energy on a fault plane. This model explains the complexity and scaling relation in the dynamic rupture process. We also show that such a fractal patch model is useful in simulating longterm seismicity in a hierarchal fault system by using external loading. In these studies, an earthquake of any magnitude appear

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15

Ochoa Gutierrez, Luis Hernán, Luis Fernando Niño Vasquez, and Carlos Alberto Vargas Jimenez. "Fast Determination of Earthquake Depth Using Seismic Records of a Single Station, Implementing Machine Learning Techniques." Ingeniería e Investigación 38, no. 2 (2018): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v38n2.68407.

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The purpose of this research is to apply a new approach to make a fast determination of earthquake depth using seismic records of the “El Rosal” station, near to the city of Bogota – Colombia, by applying support vector machine regression (SVMR). The algorithm was trained with descriptors obtained from time signals of 863 seismic events acquired between January 1998 and October 2008; only earthquakes with magnitude ≥ 2 were contemplated, filtering its signals to remove diverse kind of noises not related to earth tremors. During training stages of SVMR several combinations of kernel function ex

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16

Croissant, Thomas, Robert G. Hilton, Gen K. Li, et al. "Pulsed carbon export from mountains by earthquake-triggered landslides explored in a reduced-complexity model." Earth Surface Dynamics 9, no. 4 (2021): 823–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-823-2021.

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Abstract. In mountain ranges, earthquakes can trigger widespread landsliding and mobilize large amounts of organic carbon by eroding soil and vegetation from hillslopes. Following a major earthquake, the landslide-mobilized organic carbon can be exported from river catchments by physical sediment transport processes or stored within the landscape where it may be degraded by heterotrophic respiration. The competition between these physical and biogeochemical processes governs a net transfer of carbon between the atmosphere and sedimentary organic matter, yet their relative importance following

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17

PRAKASH, RAJESH, S. K. SRIVASTAV, H. V. GUPTA, and H. N. SRIVASTAVA. "Spatio temporal seismicity variation in earthquakes of Uttaranchal region." MAUSAM 55, no. 4 (2022): 681–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v55i4.1402.

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The spatio temporal variations of seismicity preceding Uttarkashi, 1991 and Chamoli, 1999 earthquakes were studied based on the data during the period 1981 to 2000 using the catalogues of earthquakes prepared by the India Meteorological Department. Two scenarios were examined. In one case the epicentral distance from the respective impending earthquakes were worked out for all the earthquakes recorded during a ten years period prior to the earthquake of Uttarkashi and Chamoli respectively. In the other case, the epicenter near latitude 30.2° N and longitude 80.2° E near India Nepal border (whe

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18

Gledhill, Ken, John Ristau, Martin Reyners, Bill Fry, and Caroline Holden. "The Darfield (Canterbury) earthquake of September 2010." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 43, no. 4 (2010): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.43.4.215-221.

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The Darfield moment magnitude (Mw) 7.1 earthquake of September 2010 is the first heavily damaging earthquake to strike New Zealand since the surface wave magnitude (MS) 7.8 Hawkes Bay earthquake in 1931. Although the earthquake has a clear strike-slip surface expression characterised by the Greendale Fault, seismological evidence suggests it is a complex event beginning as a reverse faulting earthquake. Evidence for complexity of the mainshock includes a well constrained epicentre north of the surface fault trace, high near-source vertical accelerations, first-motion and regional moment tensor

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19

Shaw, Bruce E. "Frictional weakening and slip complexity in earthquake faults." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 100, B9 (1995): 18239–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/95jb01306.

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20

Langer, J. S., J. M. Carlson, C. R. Myers, and B. E. Shaw. "Slip complexity in dynamic models of earthquake faults." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 93, no. 9 (1996): 3825–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.9.3825.

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21

Sato, K., and J. Mori. "Relationship between rupture process complexity and earthquake size." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 111, B5 (2006): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005jb003614.

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22

Sornette, A., D. Sornette, and P. Evesque. "Frustration and disorder in granular media and tectonic blocks: implications for earthquake complexity." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 1, no. 4 (1994): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-1-209-1994.

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Abstract. We present exploratory analogies and speculations on the mechanisms underlying the organization of faulting and earthquake in the earth crust. The mechanical properties of the brittle lithosphere at scales of the order or larger than a few kilometers are proposed to be analogous to those of non-cohesive granular media, since both systems present stress amplitudes controlled by gravity, and shear band (faulting) localization is determined by a type of friction Mohr-Coulomb rupture criterion. here, we explore the implications of this correspondence with respect to the origin of tectoni

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23

McBrearty, Ian W., Joan Gomberg, Andrew A. Delorey, and Paul A. Johnson. "Earthquake Arrival Association with Backprojection and Graph Theory." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 109, no. 6 (2019): 2510–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120190081.

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Abstract The association of seismic‐wave arrivals with causative earthquakes becomes progressively more challenging as arrival detection methods become more sensitive, and particularly when earthquake rates are high. For instance, seismic waves arriving across a monitoring network from several sources may overlap in time, false arrivals may be detected, and some arrivals may be of unknown phase (e.g., P or S waves). We propose an automated method to associate arrivals with earthquake sources and obtain source locations applicable to such situations. To do so, we use a pattern detection metric

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24

Haris, Muhammad, Abdur Rehman Cheema, and Chamila Subasinghe. "Why lessons learnt are lost." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 28, no. 5 (2019): 677–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-04-2019-0103.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reduce the gap in understanding the complexity of barriers, their modifiers and how these barriers and their modifiers result in malpractices and missed good practices in post-earthquake reconstruction contexts. This paper provides insights to the often asked question: why the lessons learnt from one earthquake event are not actually learnt and many of the mistakes around housing reconstruction are repeated? Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on the review of the literature of the top deadliest earthquakes in the developing countries and the

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25

Hoover, Greg A., and Frederick L. Bates. "The Impact of a Natural Disaster on the Division of Labor in Twelve Guatemalan Communities: A Study of Social Change in a Developing Country." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 3, no. 3 (1985): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072708500300302.

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It has been hypothesized that disasters are a type of “intervention” which affect rates of social change and provide unique opportunities to observe this process by “compressing” it into a shorter time span. This paper utilizes an interrupted time series analysis to determine the effects of an earthquake on the rate and direction of change in the division of labor in twelve Guatemalan communities. The general trend for these communities (both control and experimental) is increasing complexity before the earthquake followed by accelerated growth in complexity after the earthquake. Differences b

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26

Vallianatos, Filippos, Giorgos Papadakis, and Georgios Michas. "Generalized statistical mechanics approaches to earthquakes and tectonics." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 472, no. 2196 (2016): 20160497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0497.

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Despite the extreme complexity that characterizes the mechanism of the earthquake generation process, simple empirical scaling relations apply to the collective properties of earthquakes and faults in a variety of tectonic environments and scales. The physical characterization of those properties and the scaling relations that describe them attract a wide scientific interest and are incorporated in the probabilistic forecasting of seismicity in local, regional and planetary scales. Considerable progress has been made in the analysis of the statistical mechanics of earthquakes, which, based on

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27

Matcharashvili, Teimuraz, Takahiro Hatano, Tamaz Chelidze, and Natalia Zhukova. "Simple statistics for complex Earthquake time distributions." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 25, no. 3 (2018): 497–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-25-497-2018.

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Abstract. Here we investigated a statistical feature of earthquake time distributions in the southern California earthquake catalog. As a main data analysis tool, we used a simple statistical approach based on the calculation of integral deviation times (IDT) from the time distribution of regular markers. The research objective is to define whether and when the process of earthquake time distribution approaches to randomness. Effectiveness of the IDT calculation method was tested on the set of simulated color noise data sets with the different extent of regularity, as well as for Poisson proce

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28

Newman, W. I., and D. L. Turcotte. "A simple model for the earthquake cycle combining self-organized complexity with critical point behavior." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 9, no. 5/6 (2002): 453–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-9-453-2002.

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Abstract. We have studied a hybrid model combining the forest-fire model with the site-percolation model in order to better understand the earthquake cycle. We consider a square array of sites. At each time step, a "tree" is dropped on a randomly chosen site and is planted if the site is unoccupied. When a cluster of "trees" spans the site (a percolating cluster), all the trees in the cluster are removed ("burned") in a "fire." The removal of the cluster is analogous to a characteristic earthquake and planting "trees" is analogous to increasing the regional stress. The clusters are analogous t

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29

MEI, Shirong. "THE PRECURSORY COMPLEXITY AND REGULARITY OF THE TANGSHAN EARTHQUAKE." Journal of Physics of the Earth 34, Supplement (1986): S193—S212. http://dx.doi.org/10.4294/jpe1952.34.supplement_s193.

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30

Sawada, Masahiro, Shu Higuchi, and Bunpei Nakade. "Study on the Complexity of Evacuation against Chuetsu Earthquake." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 40.3 (2005): 715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.40.3.715.

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31

Sawada, Masahiro, Shu Higuchi, and Bunpei Nakade. "Study on the Complexity of Evacuation against Chuetsu Earthquake." Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 40 (2005): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/cpij1.40.0.120.0.

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32

Chen, Yu, Lingsen Meng, Ailin Zhang, and Lianxing Wen. "Source Complexity of the 2015 Mw 7.9 Bonin Earthquake." Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 19, no. 7 (2018): 2109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018gc007489.

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33

Guoming, Zhang, Zhang Yongxian, and Shi Yaolin. "Numerical simulation of complexity of earthquake precursors (in Chinese)." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 31, no. 6 (1994): 269–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(94)90067-1.

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34

Olsen-Kettle, L. M., and H. B. Mühlhaus. "Mesh dependence and slip complexity in earthquake fault models." Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 22, no. 12 (2009): 1653–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.1521.

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35

Vasudevan, K., M. Cavers, and A. Ware. "Earthquake sequencing: Chimera states with Kuramoto model dynamics on directed graphs." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics Discussions 2, no. 1 (2015): 361–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npgd-2-361-2015.

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Abstract. Earthquake sequencing studies allow us to investigate empirical relationships among spatio-temporal parameters describing the complexity of earthquake properties. We have recently studied the relevance of Markov chain models to draw information from global earthquake catalogues. In these studies, we considered directed graphs as graph theoretic representations of the Markov chain model, and analyzed their properties. Here, we look at earthquake sequencing itself as a directed graph. In general, earthquakes are occurrences resulting from significant stress-interactions among faults. A

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36

Zhang, Yingfeng, Xinjian Shan, Guohong Zhang, et al. "The 2016 Mw 5.9 Menyuan Earthquake in the Qilian Orogen, China: A Potentially Delayed Depth-Segmented Rupture Following from the 1986 Mw 6.0 Menyuan Earthquake." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 2A (2020): 758–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220190168.

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Abstract An Mw 5.9 thrust earthquake occurred on 21 January 2016 in the northeastern Tibetan plateau, where another similar earthquake had ruptured in 1986. Because of the complexity and close proximity of multiple faults in this area, the exact causative fault sources for these two events have not previously been determined. We determined the seismogenic fault structural geometry of the 2016 event by analyzing the coseismic deformation from Sentinel-1A images, aftershock relocations, and geological data. Furthermore, field investigations and the relocated aftershocks for the 1986 event were u

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37

YANG, DIXIONG, PIXIN YANG, and CHANGGENG ZHANG. "CHAOTIC CHARACTERISTIC ANALYSIS OF STRONG EARTHQUAKE GROUND MOTIONS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 22, no. 03 (2012): 1250045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127412500459.

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This paper aims to analyze and understand the irregularity and complexity of earthquake ground motions from the perspective of nonlinear dynamics. Chaotic dynamics theory and chaotic time series analysis are suggested to examine the nonlinear dynamical characteristic of strong earthquake ground motions. Based on the power spectral analysis, principal component analysis and modified false nearest neighbors method, it is illustrated qualitatively that the acceleration time series of earthquake ground motions exhibit chaotic property. Next, the chaotic time series analysis is proposed to calculat

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38

Courboulex, F., N. Deichmann, and J. C. Gariel. "Rupture complexity of a moderate intraplate earthquake in the Alps: the 1996M5 Epagny-Annecy earthquake." Geophysical Journal International 139, no. 1 (1999): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246x.1999.00931.x.

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39

Vasudevan, K., M. Cavers, and A. Ware. "Earthquake sequencing: chimera states with Kuramoto model dynamics on directed graphs." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 22, no. 5 (2015): 499–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-22-499-2015.

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Abstract. Earthquake sequencing studies allow us to investigate empirical relationships among spatio-temporal parameters describing the complexity of earthquake properties. We have recently studied the relevance of Markov chain models to draw information from global earthquake catalogues. In these studies, we considered directed graphs as graph theoretic representations of the Markov chain model and analyzed their properties. Here, we look at earthquake sequencing itself as a directed graph. In general, earthquakes are occurrences resulting from significant stress interactions among faults. As

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40

Neely, J. S., Y. Huang, and W. Fan. "Earthquake rupture characteristics along a developing transform boundary." Geophysical Journal International 219, no. 2 (2019): 1237–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz357.

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SUMMARY The 280-km-long San Cristobal Trough (SCT), created by the tearing of the Australia plate as it subducts under the Pacific Plate near the Solomon and Vanuatu subduction zones, has hosted strike-slip earthquake sequences in 1993 and 2015. Both sequences, which likely represent a complete seismic cycle, began along the oldest section of the SCT—the portion farthest from the tear that has experienced the most cumulative displacement—and migrated to the younger sections closer to the tear. The SCT's abundant seismicity allows us to study transform boundary development—a process rarely obse

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41

Varotsos, Panayiotis, Nicholas Sarlis, and Efthimios Skordas. "Tsallis Entropy Index q and the Complexity Measure of Seismicity in Natural Time under Time Reversal before the M9 Tohoku Earthquake in 2011." Entropy 20, no. 10 (2018): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e20100757.

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The observed earthquake scaling laws indicate the existence of phenomena closely associated with the proximity of the system to a critical point. Taking this view that earthquakes are critical phenomena (dynamic phase transitions), here we investigate whether in this case the Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner (LSW) theory for phase transitions showing that the characteristic size of the minority phase droplets grows with time as t 1 / 3 is applicable. To achieve this goal, we analyzed the Japanese seismic data in a new time domain termed natural time and find that an LSW behavior is actually obeyed by a

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42

Lin, Jiun-Ting, Wu-Lung Chang, Diego Melgar, Amanda Thomas, and Chi-Yu Chiu. "Quick determination of earthquake source parameters from GPS measurements: a study of suitability for Taiwan." Geophysical Journal International 219, no. 2 (2019): 1148–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz359.

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SUMMARY We test the feasibility of GPS-based rapid centroid moment tensor (GPS CMT) methods for Taiwan, one of the most earthquake prone areas in the world. In recent years, Taiwan has become a leading developer of seismometer-based earthquake early warning systems, which have successfully been applied to several large events. The rapid determination of earthquake magnitude and focal mechanism, important for a number of rapid response applications, including tsunami warning, is still challenging because of the limitations of near-field inertial recordings. This instrumental issue can be solved

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Papageorgiou, Apostolos S. "On two characteristic frequencies of acceleration spectra: Patch corner frequency and fmax." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 78, no. 2 (1988): 509–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0780020509.

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Abstract We examine two issues related to the radiation of tectonic earthquake sources: (i) the complexity of the shape of observed source spectra, and (ii) the effect of recording site characteristics on the cut-off frequency fmax of acceleration spectra beyond which spectral amplitudes diminish sharply. We compute the far-field spectra of the 1979 Imperial Valley and the 1984 Morgan Hill earthquakes from the slip functions that were inferred from detailed inversion studies of strong motion and teleseismic data of these two California strike-slip events. These spectra, along with data from th

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Tan, Yen Joe, Felix Waldhauser, William L. Ellsworth, et al. "Machine-Learning-Based High-Resolution Earthquake Catalog Reveals How Complex Fault Structures Were Activated during the 2016–2017 Central Italy Sequence." Seismic Record 1, no. 1 (2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0320210001.

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Abstract The 2016–2017 central Italy seismic sequence occurred on an 80 km long normal-fault system. The sequence initiated with the Mw 6.0 Amatrice event on 24 August 2016, followed by the Mw 5.9 Visso event on 26 October and the Mw 6.5 Norcia event on 30 October. We analyze continuous data from a dense network of 139 seismic stations to build a high-precision catalog of ∼900,000 earthquakes spanning a 1 yr period, based on arrival times derived using a deep-neural-network-based picker. Our catalog contains an order of magnitude more events than the catalog routinely produced by the local ear

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Anderson, John, Roberto Quaas, Quigbin Chen, et al. "CHARACTERISTICS OF EARTHQUAKES IN THE MEXICAN SUBDUCTION ZONE ON STRONG MOTION ACCELEROGRAMS." Revista de Ingeniería Sísmica, no. 54 (December 19, 1996): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18867/ris.54.234.

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Aceelerograms recorded on the Guerrero, Mexico, strong motion accelerograph network illustrate the dependence of strong ground motion on the magnitude and the hypocenter distance. These data suppport the hipothesis that complexity in accelerograms at short distances arises from complexity at the source. The duration of strong shaking is controlled by the source dimension at short distances, and extended by wave porpagation effects as distance increases. Peak amplitudes (peak acceleration, velocity) saturate at different magnitudes at different distances. This change in shape of attenuation cur

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Chu, Jinlong, Qiang Zhang, Ai Wang, and Haoran Yu. "A Hybrid Intelligent Model for Urban Seismic Risk Assessment from the Perspective of Possibility and Vulnerability Based on Particle Swarm Optimization." Scientific Programming 2021 (December 7, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2218044.

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Assessing seismic risk is an essential element of urban risk management and urban spatial security work. In response to the issues posed by the complexity and openness of urban systems, the nonlinearity of driving factors, and sudden changes in geological processes that affect urban seismic research, this paper is based on a variety of intelligent algorithms to develop a hybrid intelligent model that integrates probability and vulnerability to evaluate and quantify the difference in the urban spatial units distribution of earthquake risk. We applied this model to Hefei, one of the few superlar

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Huang, Yongming, Kun’ao Zhu, Wen Shi, et al. "A Pre-Seismic Anomaly Detection Approach Based on Earthquake Cross Partial Multi-View Data Fusion." Magnetochemistry 9, no. 2 (2023): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry9020048.

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It is a challenge to detect pre-seismic anomalies by using only one dataset due to the complexity of earthquakes. Therefore, it is a promising direction to use multiparameteric data. The earthquake cross partial multi-view data fusion approach (EQ-CPM) is proposed in this paper. By using this method, electromagnetic data and seismicity indicators are fused. This approach tolerates the absence of data and complements the missing part in fusion. First, the effectiveness of seismicity indicators and electromagnetic data was validated through two earthquake case studies. Then, four machine learnin

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Hooker, J. N., and D. M. Fisher. "How cementation and fluid flow influence slip behavior at the subduction interface." Geology 49, no. 9 (2021): 1074–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g48741.1.

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Abstract Much of the complexity of subduction-zone earthquake size and temporal patterns owes to linkages among fluid flow, stress, and fault healing. To investigate these linkages, we introduce a novel numerical model that tracks cementation and fluid flow within the framework of an earthquake simulator. In the model, there are interseismic increases in cohesion across the plate boundary and decreases in porosity and permeability caused by cementation along the interface. Seismogenic slip is sensitive to the effective stress and therefore fluid pressure; in turn, slip events increase porosity

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Wei, Shengji, Don Helmberger, Zhongwen Zhan, and Robert Graves. "Rupture complexity of the M w 8.3 sea of okhotsk earthquake: Rapid triggering of complementary earthquakes?" Geophysical Research Letters 40, no. 19 (2013): 5034–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/grl.50977.

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Han, Zhao, Donghui Ma, Benwei Hou, and Wei Wang. "Seismic Resilience Enhancement of Urban Water Distribution System Using Restoration Priority of Pipeline Damages." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (2020): 914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12030914.

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The malfunction of the water distribution system (WDS) following severe earthquakes have significant impacts on the post-earthquake rescue. Moreover, the restoration priority of earthquake-induced pipeline damages plays an important role in improving the post-earthquake serviceability of WDS and the “seismic resilience”. Thus, to enhance the seismic resilience of WDS, this study develops a dynamic cost-benefit method and introduces three existing methods to determine the restoration priority of pipeline damages based on a quantitative resilience evaluation framework. In this resilience evaluat

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