Relevant bibliographies by topics / Earthquake prediction in art

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Earthquake prediction in art'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Earthquake prediction in art"

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Keilis-Borok, Vladimir. "Earthquake Prediction: State-of-the-Art and Emerging Possibilities." Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 30, no. 1 (May 2002): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.30.100301.083856.

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Chan, Chung-Han, Kuo-Fong Ma, J. Bruce H. Shyu, Ya-Ting Lee, Yu-Ju Wang, Jia-Cian Gao, Yin-Tung Yen, and Ruey-Juin Rau. "Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for Taiwan: TEM PSHA2020." Earthquake Spectra 36, no. 1_suppl (September 14, 2020): 137–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8755293020951587.

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The Taiwan Earthquake Model (TEM) published the first version of the Taiwan probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (named TEM PSHA2015) 5 years ago. For updating to the TEM PSHA2020, we considered an updated seismogenic structure database, including the structures newly identified with 3D geometry, an earthquake catalog made current to 2016, state-of-the-art seismic models, a new set of ground motion prediction equations, and site amplification factors. In addition to earthquakes taking place on each individual seismogenic structure, the updated seismic model included the possibility of an earthquake occurring on multiple structures. To include fault memory for illustrating activity on seismogenic structure sources, we incorporated the Brownian passage time model. For the crustal seismicity that cannot be attributed to any specific structure, we implemented both area source and smoothing kernel models. A new set of ground motion prediction equations is incorporated. In addition to the calculation of hazard at engineering bedrock, our assessment included site amplification factors that competent authorities of governments and private companies could use to implement hazard prevention and reduction strategies.
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Nagao, T., and Y. Fukushima. "Source- and Site-Specific Earthquake Ground Motions." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 10, no. 4 (August 16, 2020): 5882–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3612.

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Seismic design is the preparation for earthquake ground motions considering the seismicity and seismic amplification properties of the ground at the target site. However, the effects of source, path, and site amplification characteristics are not sufficiently anticipated in seismic codes. Regarding the source and path characteristics, earthquakes that have the strongest influence on the target site should be considered specifically, and, concerning seismic amplification, the effects of not only a shallow subsurface but also a deep subsurface should be considered. This article takes the design spectra of Japanese highway bridges as an object and compares them with the spectra produced by a ground motion prediction equation and the source- and site-specific spectra evaluated using a state-of-the-art method. The results show that the spectra differ greatly. In this way, the necessity of the application of a state-of-the-art technique in the evaluation of source, path, and site amplification characteristics is demonstrated.
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Gordo, Cristina, José Luís Zêzere, and Rui Marques. "Landslide Susceptibility Assessment at the Basin Scale for Rainfall- and Earthquake-Triggered Shallow Slides." Geosciences 9, no. 6 (June 20, 2019): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9060268.

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The hydrographic basin of Ribeira Grande (S. Miguel Island, Azores) has a set of characteristics that enhance the occurrence of shallow slides that have been triggered by rainfall and earthquakes. Two landslide inventories were built according to the landslide triggers: Landslide Inventory 2 (LI 2), which includes 174 earthquake-triggered shallow slides occurred in 2005; and Landslide Inventory 1 (LI 1), which includes 442 shallow slides triggered by rainfall in several periods from 2005 to 2016. Both landslide inventories were characterized and compared from the morphometric point of view and were used individually to produce susceptibility models to failure using a simple bivariate state-of-the-art statistical method (the Information Value). The landslide susceptibility Models were validated using success rates, prediction rates, and Kappa statistics. The results show that shallow slides triggered by rainfall and earthquakes in the study area have different morphometric characteristics. It was verified that models produced with LI 1 are very effective in predicting the spatial location of LI 2, but the same does not happen in the inverse situation. Finally, landslide susceptibility models developed with LI 1 and LI 2 for the upper sector of the hydrographic basin (where most landslides occurred), and latter applied to the complete watershed, present more modest predictive results but are more reliable to characterize the landslide susceptibility in the study area.
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Banimahd, Meysam, Steve Tyler, Matthew Kuo, and Fiona Chow. "Earthquake risk management for oil and gas infrastructure in the north west of Australia." APPEA Journal 60, no. 2 (2020): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj19213.

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The July 2019 magnitude 6.6 earthquake 200 km offshore from Broome is a recent reminder of the significant risk that earthquakes pose to oil and gas infrastructure in Australia. Unlike tropical cyclones, there are no reliable methods for predicting the timing, location and magnitude of imminent earthquakes. Appropriate risk management is therefore required, together with the implementation of emergency response and integrity management procedures, to manage the potential impacts to health, safety, process safety, the environment and production. Given the concentration of oil and gas infrastructure in the north west of Australia, a collaborative approach is advantageous for earthquake risk management and emergency response measures. This paper shares Woodside’s earthquake risk and integrity management procedures with the aim of enabling appropriate quality and consistency throughout the industry. The paper reviews state-of-the-art international practice in earthquake risk management for critical infrastructure from design to operation. Applicable seismic design criteria, likely failure modes and performance requirements are also described. Woodside’s real-time earthquake alert and integrity management systems are presented. Recommendations are made on best practice for earthquake risk management in the region and areas for further collaboration and improvement within the industry.
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Nakabayashi, Itsuki. "Development of Urban Disaster Prevention Systems in Japan – from the Mid-1980s." Journal of Disaster Research 1, no. 1 (August 1, 2006): 46–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2006.p0046.

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This treatise outlines developments in disaster management focusing on earthquake disaster measures taken by the Japanese and Tokyo Metropolitan Governments since the 1980s. The 1978 Large-Scale Earthquake Measures Special Act on conditions for predicting the Tokai Earthquake significantly changed the direction of earthquake disaster measures in Japan. The Tokyo Metropolitan Government undertook its own earthquake disaster measures based on lessons learned from the 1964 Niigata Earthquake. In the 1980s, it began planning urban development disaster management programs for upgrading areas with high wooden houses concentration - still a big problem in many urban areas of Japan - which are most vulnerable to earthquake disasters. The 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in Kobe brought meaningful insight into both to earthquake disaster measures by the Japanese Government and by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government and other local governments nationwide. Long-term predictions concerning possible earthquake occurrence have been conducted throughout Japan and new earthquake disaster measures have been adopted based on this long-term prediction. The Tokyo Government has further completely revised its own earthquake disaster measures. As a review of measures against foreseeable earthquake disasters based on developments in disaster management measures, this treatise provides invaluable insights emphasizing urban earthquake disaster prevention developed in Japan over the last 30 years that readers are sure to find both interesting and informative in their own work.
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Smith, Conrad. "Reporters, news sources, and scientific intervention: the New Madrid earthquake prediction." Public Understanding of Science 5, no. 3 (July 1996): 205–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0963-6625/5/3/002.

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Five major newspapers in the United States published only eight stories about a scientifically legitimate prediction of a 1989 earthquake that caused six billion dollars' damage. The same newspapers published 68 stories about an unscientific prediction of a 1990 earthquake that did not occur. This paper attempts to explain why the unscientific prediction received more scrutiny by examining the journalistic practices that determine what is newsworthy and who is interviewed. The paper also analyses the effectiveness of an organized effort by the scientific community to intervene in the journalistic process.
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Jury, R. D. "The prediction of building performance during earthquakes." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 37, no. 3 (September 30, 2004): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.37.3.134-138.

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Procedures for the seismic design of new buildings to achieve a minimum acceptable performance are well established. However, it is concluded in this paper that the actual performance of structures will not be predicted with any certainty using the same procedures, given the uncertainties associated with the assumptions that must be made. Sole reliance on design procedures to predict performance is likely to lead to unnecessary conservatism and this must be taken into account when setting standards for design. It is also concluded that there is currently insufficient data available in a suitable form to enable the correlation between analysis and actual performance to be assessed in any way other than by judgement. The prediction of seismic performance remains very much an art.
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Gad-El-Hak, M. "The art and science of large-scale disasters." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 57, no. 1 (March 1, 2009): 3–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10175-010-0101-8.

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The art and science of large-scale disastersThe subject of large-scale disasters is broadly introduced in this article. Both the art and science of predicting, preventing and mitigating natural and manmade disasters are discussed. A universal, quantitative metric that puts all natural and manmade disasters on a common scale is proposed. Issues of prediction, control and mitigation of catastrophes are presented. The laws of nature govern the evolution of any disaster. In some cases, as for example weather-related disasters, the first-principles laws of classical mechanics could be written in the form of field equations, but exact solutions of these often nonlinear differential equations are impossible to obtain particularly for turbulent flows, and heuristic models together with intensive use of supercomputers are necessary to proceed to a reasonably accurate forecast. In other cases, as for example earthquakes, the precise laws are not even known and prediction becomes more or less a black art. Management of any type of disaster is more art than science. Nevertheless, much can be done to alleviate the resulting pain and suffering. The expansive presentation of the broad field of large-scale disasters precludes a detailed coverage of any one of the many topics touched upon. Three take-home messages are conveyed, however: a universal metric for all natural and manmade disasters is presented; all facets of the genre are described; and a proposal is made to view all disasters as dynamical systems governed for the most part by the laws of classical mechanics.
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Forcellini, Davide, Fabio Della Bartola, and Angelo Marcello Tarantino. "Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Deformations Computational Assessment during Tohoku Earthquake." ISRN Civil Engineering 2013 (August 5, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/408961.

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Liquefaction-induced lateral spreading during Tohoku earthquake resulted in significant damage, and disruption of functionality for structures and life. The paper aims at reproducing this on-site evidence presenting the state of the art about the most credited qualitative approach and comparing these methods with numerical computation. In this regard, finite element (FE) simulations are increasingly providing a versatile environment in order to assess economical and effective damage. In the study, several systematic three-dimensional FE computations have been conducted to numerically evaluate the effects in terms of liquefaction-induced lateral deformations. The analysis is performed in correspondence with Urayasu City, where the registered liquefaction consequences on residential buildings were wide if compared with the ordinary seismic shake. This study can be used both for post-earthquake evaluations and for pre-earthquake vulnerability predictions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Earthquake prediction in art"

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Bramlet, John. "Earthquake prediction and earthquake damage prediction /." Connect to resource, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/31764.

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Weatherley, Dion Kent. "Investigations of automaton earthquake models : implications for seismicity and earthquake forecasting /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16401.pdf.

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Neurohr, Theresa. "The seismic vulnerability of art objects /." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99782.

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Throughout history, objects of art have been damaged and sometimes destroyed in earthquakes. Even though the importance of providing seismically adequate design for nonstructural components has received attention over the past decade, art objects in museums, either on display or in storage, require further research. The research reported in this study was undertaken to investigate the seismic vulnerability of art objects. Data for this research was gathered from three museums in Montreal.
The seismic behaviour of three unrestrained display cases, storage shelves, and a 6m long dinosaur skeleton model structure was investigated according to the seismic hazard for Montreal and representative museum floor motions were simulated for that purpose. Particular attention was paid to the support conditions, the effects of modified floor surface conditions, the sliding and rocking response of unrestrained display cases, the location (floor elevation) of the display case and/or storage shelves, art object mass, and the dynamic properties of the display cases/storage shelves. The seismic vulnerability of art objects was evaluated based on the seismic response of the display cases/storage shelves at the level of art object display. The display cases were investigated experimentally using shake table testing. Computer analyses were used to simulate the seismic behaviour of storage shelves, and the seismic sensitivity of the dinosaur structure was determined via free vibration acceleration measurements. The floor contact conditions and floor elevation had a crucial effect on the unrestrained display cases, causing them to slide or rock vigorously. The distribution of content mass had a large impact on the response of the shelving system. As a result of experimental and analytical analyses, recommendations and/or simple mitigation techniques are provided to reduce the seismic vulnerability of objects of art.
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Malushte, Sanjeev R. "Prediction of seismic design response spectra using ground characteristics." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45802.

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The available earthquake records are classified into five groups according to their site stiffness and epicentral distance as the grouping parameters. For the groups thus defined, normalized response spectra are obtained for single-degree-ofâ freedom and massless oscillators. The effectiveness of the grouping scheme is examined by studying the variance of response quantities within each group. The implicit parameters of average frequency and significant duration are obtained for each group and their effect on the response spectra is studied. Correlation analyses between various ground motion characteristics such as peak displacement, velocity, acceleration and root mean square acceleration are carried out for each group.

Smoothed design spectra for relative and pseudo velocities and relative acceleration responses of single degree of freedom oscillators and the velocity and acceleration responses of massless oscillators are proposed for each group. Methods to predict relative velocity and relative acceleration spectra directly from the pseudo velocity spectra are presented. It is shown that the relative spectra can be reliably estimated from the pseudo spectra. The site dependent design spectra are defined for a wide range of oscillator periods and damping ratios.


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Creamer, Frederic Harold. "The method to predict a large earthquake in an aftershock sequence." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25985.

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Stark, Colin Peter. "The influence of active extensional tectonics on patterns of fluid flow." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305934.

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Akbar, Siddiq-A. "Urban housing in seismic areas : a computerised methodology for evaluating strategies for risk mitigation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306466.

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Sheikh, Md Neaz. "Simplified analysis of earthquake site response with particular application to low and moderate seismicity regions." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2353008x.

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Bäckman, Erik. "Defining an Earthquake Intensity Based Method for a Rapid Earthquake Classification System." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-317406.

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Ground motions caused by earthquakes may be strong enough to cause destruction of infrastructure and possibly casualties. If such past destructive earthquakes are analysed, the gained information could be used to develop earthquake warning systems that predicts and possibly reduce the damage potential of further earthquakes. The Swedish National Seismic Network (SNSN) runs an automated early warning system that attempts to predict the damage of an earthquake that just got recorded, and forward the predictions to relevant government agencies. The predictions are based on, e.g. earthquake magnitude, source depth and an estimate of the size of affected human population. The purpose of this thesis is to introduce an additional parameter: earthquake intensity, which is a measure of the intensity with which the ground shakes. Based on this, a new earthquake hazard scheme, the Intensity Based Earthquake Classification (IBEC) scheme, is created. This scheme suggests alternate methods, relative to SNSN, of how earthquake classifications can be made. These methods will use an intensity database established by modelling scenario earthquakes in the open-source software ShakeMap by the U.S. Geological Survey. The database consists of scenarios on the intervals: 4.0 ≤ Mw ≤ 9.0 and 10 ≤ depth ≤ 150 kilometre, and covers the whole intensity scale, Modified Mercalli Intensity, 1.0 ≤ Imm ≤ 10.0. The IBEC classification scheme also enabled the creation of the 'Population-to-Area' criterion. It improves prediction of earthquakes that struck isolated cities, located in e.g. valleys in large mountainous areas and deserts. Even though such earthquakes are relatively uncommon, once they occur, they may cause great damage as many cities in such regions around the world often are less developed regarding resistance to ground motions.
Markrörelser orsakade av jordbävningar kan va starka nog att skada vår infrastruktur och orsaka dödsoffer. Genom att analysera forna destruktiva jordbävningar och utveckla program som försöker att förutsäga deras inverkan så kan den potentiella skada minskas. Svenska Nationella Seismiska Nätet (SNSN) driver ett automatiserat tidigt varningssystem som försöker förutsäga skadorna som följer en jordbävning som precis spelats in, och vidarebefodra denna information till relevanta myndigheter. Förutsägelserna är baserade på, t.ex. jordbävnings-magnitud och djup samt uppskattning av mänsklig population i det påverkade området. Syftet med denna avhandlingen är att introducera ytterligare en parameter: jordbävnings-intensitet, som är ett mått av intensiteten i markrörelserna. Baserat på detta skapas ett jordbävnings-schema kallat Intensity Based Earthquake Classification (IBEC). Detta schema föreslår alternativa metoder, relativt SNSN, för hur jordbävnings-klassificering kan göras. Dessa metoder använder sig av en intensitets-databas etablerad genom modellering av jordbävning-scenarios i open source-\linebreak programmet ShakeMap, skapat av U.S. Geological Survey. Databasen består av scenarior över intervallen 4.0 ≤ Mw ≤ 9.0 och 10 ≤ djup ≤ 150 kilometer, vilka täcker hela intensitetsskalan, Modified Mercalli Intensity, 1.0 ≤ Imm ≤ 10.0. IBECs klassificeringsschema har även möjliggjort skapandet av "Population-mot-Area"-kriteriet. Detta förbättrar förutsägelsen av jordbävningar som träffar isolerade städer, placerade i t.ex. dalgångar i stora bergskjedjor och öknar. Även om denna typ av jordbävningar är relativt ovanliga så orsakar dom ofta enorm skada då sådana här städer ofta är mindre utvecklade rörande byggnaders motstånd mot markrörelser.
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Sugito, Masata. "EARTHQUAKE MOTION PREDICTION, MICROZONATION, AND BURIED PIPE RESPONSE FOR URBAN SEISMIC DAMAGE ASSESSMENT." Kyoto University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/138405.

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Books on the topic "Earthquake prediction in art"

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight. The earthquake threat in the central United States: Are we prepared? : hearing before the Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight and the Subcommittee on Science, Research and Technology of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, first session, November 17, 1989. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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United, States Congress House Committee on Science Space and Technology Subcommittee on Science Research and Technology. The adequacy of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act in mitigating the effects of future U.S. earthquakes: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Science, Research and Technology of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, second session, March 1, 1990. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight. The earthquake threat in the central United States: Are we prepared : hearing before the Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight and the Subcommittee on Science, Research and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, first session, November 17, 1989. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 authorization: Report (to accompany S. 817). [Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1985.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reauthorization of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977: Report of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on H.R. 1612. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reauthorization of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977: Report of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on H.R. 1612. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Reauthorization of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977: Report of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation on H.R. 1612. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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US GOVERNMENT. An Act to Authorize Appropriations for Carrying Out the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 for Fiscal Years 1998 and 1999, and for Other Purposes. [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1997.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977 Amendments Act: Report of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, on S. 1062. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Science. The Reauthorization of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Science of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, first echnology, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, June 15, 1993. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Earthquake prediction in art"

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Lazaridou-Varotsos, Mary S. "The procedure for the measurements: The telemetric VAN network and how the epicenter and magnitude are predicted." In Earthquake Prediction by Seismic Electric Signals, 21–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24406-3_3.

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Hasegawa, Akira, Norihito Umino, and Akio Takagi. "Seismicity in the Northeastern Japan Arc and Seismicity Patterns before Large Earthquakes." In Practical Approaches to Earthquake Prediction and Warning, 607–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2738-9_23.

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Shao, Xiaoyan, Xiang Li, Lingling Li, and Xinru Hu. "The Application of Ant-Colony Clustering Algorithm to Earthquake Prediction." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 145–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27296-7_23.

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Kossobokov, V., and P. Shebalin. "Earthquake Prediction." In Springer Series in Synergetics, 141–207. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05298-3_4.

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Cimellaro, Gian Paolo, and Sebastiano Marasco. "Earthquake Prediction." In Introduction to Dynamics of Structures and Earthquake Engineering, 263–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72541-3_11.

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Ma, Zongjin, Zhengxiang Fu, Yingzhen Zhang, Chengmin Wang, Guomin Zhang, and Defu Liu. "Earthquake Field." In Earthquake Prediction, 261–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61269-5_12.

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Ma, Zongjin, Zhengxiang Fu, Yingzhen Zhang, Chengmin Wang, Guomin Zhang, and Defu Liu. "Earthquake Episodes." In Earthquake Prediction, 288–310. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61269-5_13.

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Kohrangi, M., A. N. Papadopoulos, S. R. Kotha, D. Vamvatsikos, and P. Bazzurro. "Earthquake Catastrophe Risk Modeling, Application to the Insurance Industry: Unknowns and Possible Sources of Bias in Pricing." In Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering, 239–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68813-4_11.

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AbstractMathematical risk assessment models based on empirical data and supported by the principles of physics and engineering have been used in the insurance industry for more than three decades to support informed decisions for a wide variety of purposes, including insurance and reinsurance pricing. To supplement scarce data from historical events, these models provide loss estimates caused to portfolios of structures by simulated but realistic scenarios of future events with estimated annual rates of occurrence. The reliability of these estimates has evolved steadily from those based on the rather simplistic and, in many aspects, semi-deterministic approaches adopted in the very early days to those of the more recent models underpinned by a larger wealth of data and fully probabilistic methodologies. Despite the unquestionable progress, several modeling decisions and techniques still routinely adopted in commercial models warrant more careful scrutiny because of their potential to cause biased results. In this chapter we will address two such cases that pertain to the risk assessment for earthquakes. With the help of some illustrative but simple applications we will first motivate our concerns with the current state of practice in modeling earthquake occurrence and building vulnerability for portfolio risk assessment. We will then provide recommendations for moving towards a more comprehensive, and arguably superior, approach to earthquake risk modeling that capitalizes on the progress recently made in risk assessment of single buildings. In addition to these two upgrades, which in our opinion are ready for implementation in commercial models, we will also describe an enhancement in ground motion prediction that will certainly be considered in the models of tomorrow but is not yet ready for primetime. These changes are implemented in example applications that highlight their importance for portfolio risk assessment. Special consideration will be given to the potential bias in the Average Annual Loss estimates, which constitutes the foundation of insurance and reinsurance policies’ pricing, that may result from the application of the traditional approaches.
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Ma, Zongjin, Zhengxiang Fu, Yingzhen Zhang, Chengmin Wang, Guomin Zhang, and Defu Liu. "Introduction — History of Earthquake Prediction Work and Subject Matters for Prediction Research." In Earthquake Prediction, 1–9. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61269-5_1.

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Ma, Zongjin, Zhengxiang Fu, Yingzhen Zhang, Chengmin Wang, Guomin Zhang, and Defu Liu. "Comprehensive Analyses of Time-Space Variations of Anomalous Phenomena Before and After Large Earthquakes." In Earthquake Prediction, 206–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61269-5_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Earthquake prediction in art"

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Saini, Kanika, and Sheetal Kalra. "IoT-based Earthquake Prediction Using Fog and Cloud Computing." In International Conference on Women Researchers in Electronics and Computing. AIJR Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.114.28.

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Earthquakes are severe, unexpected, life-threatening catastrophes that affect all kind of living beings. It frequently results in the loss of life and property. Predicting earthquake is the most important aspect of this field. With the golden age of the Internet of Things (IoT), an innovative new idea is to couple IoT technology with cloud and fog computing to improve the potency and accuracy of earthquake monitoring and forecasting. The embedded IoT-Fog-Cloud layered structure is adopted in this research to predict earthquakes using seismic signal data. This model transfers sensed seismic signals to fog for analysis of seismic data. At fog, Fast Walsh Hadamard transform is used to extract time and frequency domain features and PCA is employed to reduce the dimensionality of feature sets. Random Forest algorithm has been used to classify seismic signals into two different events, viz., earthquake and non-earthquake accompanied by the real-time warnings. When compared to other classification models, implementation findings indicate that the Random Forest classifier achieves high values of specificity, sensitivity, precision, and accuracy with average values of 88.50%, 90.25%, 89.50%, and 92.66%. Hence make this framework more real-time compliant for earthquake prediction.
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2

Brahimi, Malek, and Sidi Berri. "The Use of ARMA Models in Earthquake Response Spectra." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89023.

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Structural design spectra are based on smoothed linear response spectra obtained from different events scaled by their peak values. Such an approach does not incorporate other characteristics of the excitation represented by measured data. This study investigate the use of non-stationary models which can be considered characteristic and representative of specific historical earthquakes. An earthquake record is regarded as a sample realization from a population of such samples, which could have been generated by the stochastic process characterized by an Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA) model. ARMA models are developed for four major earthquakes after processing by a variance stabilizing transformation. Samples of acceleration records are generated for each event. In this earthquake modeling procedure, parameters describing the modulating function of the record and the stabilized series are estimated. Maximum displacement ductility demand and normalized hysteretic energy demand for linear and stiffness softening single degree of freedom system systems are computed for the samples generated for each event. The sensitivity and dependence of demand spectra on earthquake model characteristics are examined to develop a response prediction model. Non linear response analysis of the four events indicates that ARMA (2,1) process using samples of twenty simulated earthquakes provide a reliable description of the information contained within acceleration records. Empirical relationships for displacement ductility and Normalized hysteretic energy demand spectra are developed.
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3

Yoshida, Hiroyuki, Taku Nagatake, Kazuyuki Takase, Akiko Kaneko, Hideaki Monji, and Yutaka Abe. "Development of Prediction Technology of Two-Phase Flow Dynamics Under Earthquake Acceleration: 10 — Numerical Prediction of Velocity Profile Around Bubble Under Accelerating Condition." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15259.

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An earthquake is one of the most serious phenomena for the safety of a nuclear reactor in Japan. Therefore, structural safety of nuclear reactors has been studied and nuclear reactors ware contracted with structural safety for a big earthquake. However, it is not enough for safety operation of nuclear reactors because thermal-fluid safety is not confirmed under the earthquake. For instance, behavior of gas-liquid two-phase flow is unknown under the earthquake conditions. Especially, fluctuation of void fraction is an important factor for the safety operation of the nuclear reactor. In the previous work, fluctuation of void faction in bubbly flow was studied experimentally and theoretically investigate the stability of the bubbly flow. In such studies, flow rate or void fraction fluctuations were given to the steady bubbly flow. In case of the earthquake, the fluctuation is not only the flow rate, but also a body force on the two-phase flow and shear force through the pipe wall. Interactions of gas and liquid through their interface also act on the behavior of the two-phase flow. The fluctuation of the void fraction is not clear for such complicated situation under the earthquake. Therefore, the behavior of gas-liquid two-phase flow is investigated experimentally and numerically in the series of study. In this study, to develop the predictive technology of two-phase flow dynamics under earthquake acceleration, a detailed two-phase flow simulation code with an advanced interface tracking method TPFIT was expanded to two-phase flow simulation under earthquake conditions. In this paper, the bubbly flow in a horizontal pipe excited by oscillation acceleration and under the fluctuation of the liquid flow was simulated by using the expanded TPFIT. Predicted time series of velocity profiles around the bubbles and shapes of bubbles were compared with measured results under flow rate fluctuation and structural vibration. Predicted results were almost same as measured results qualitatively. And it was concluded that the expanded TPFIT can be applied to qualitative analysis of bubbly flow under accelerating conditions.
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4

Yokoyama, Ryotaro, Jun-ichi Takano, Hideaki Monji, Akiko Kaneko, Yutaka Abe, Hiroyuki Yoshida, and Kazuyuki Takase. "Development of Prediction Technology of Two-Phase Flow Dynamics Under Earthquake Acceleration: (11) Bubble Motion Under the Flow Vibration." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30014.

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Earthquake is one of the most serious phenomena for safety of a nuclear power plant. Therefore, nuclear reactors were contracted considering structural safety for a big earthquake. In a nuclear reactor, the gas-liquid two-phase flow is the one of primary factor of the property and bubbly or plug flow behavior is important issue to evaluate of safety. However, the influence of an earthquake vibration on the gas-liquid two-phase flow inside the nuclear power plant is not understood enough. For example, the bubbly flow behavior under the flow rate fluctuation caused by the earthquake acceleration is not clear. It is necessary to clear the two-phase flow behavior under the earthquake conditions. To develop the prediction technology of two-phase flow dynamics under the earthquake acceleration, the detailed two-phase flow simulation code with an advanced interface tracking method, TPFIT was expanded to the two-phase flow simulation under earthquake accelerating conditions. In the present study, the objective is to clarify the behavior of the gas-liquid two-phase flow under the earthquake conditions. Especially, the bubble behavior in the two-phase flow, a diameter, shape and velocity of bubbles which are expected to be influenced by the oscillation of the earthquake is investigated. In this experiment, the flow was bubbly flow and/or plug flow in a horizontal circular pipe. The working fluids were water and nitrogen gas. The nitrogen gas from gas cylinder was injected into the water through a nozzle and bubbly flow was generated at a mixer. The water was driven by a pump and the flow rate fluctuation was given by a reciprocating piston attached to the main flow loop. Main frequency of earthquakes is generally between 0.5Hz and 10Hz. Thus the frequency of the flow rate fluctuation in the experiment also was taken between 0.5Hz and 10Hz. The behavior of horizontal gas-liquid two-phase flow under the flow rate fluctuation was investigated by image processing using a high-speed video camera and PIV at test section. The pressure sensors were installed at the inlet of the mixer and the outlet of the test section. As the result, the bubble behavior mechanism under the flow rate fluctuation was obtained. In addition, the acceleration of a bubble and the pressure gradient in the pipe was synchronized under all frequency conditions. The prediction results by TPFIT were compared with the experimental results. They show good agreement on the flow field around a bubble and the bubble behavior.
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5

Sajedi, Seyed Omid, and Xiao Liang. "Intensity-Based Feature Selection for Near Real-Time Damage Diagnosis of Building Structures." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.1005.

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<p>Near real-time damage diagnosis of building structures after extreme events (e.g., earthquakes) is of great importance in structural health monitoring. Unlike conventional methods that are usually time-consuming and require human expertise, pattern recognition algorithms have the potential to interpret sensor recordings as soon as this information is available. This paper proposes a robust framework to build a damage prediction model for building structures. Support vector machines are used to predict the existence as well as the probable location of the damage. The model is designed to consider probabilistic approaches in determining hazard intensity given the existing attenuation models in performance-based earthquake engineering. Performance of the model regarding accurate and safe predictions is enhanced using Bayesian optimization. The proposed framework is evaluated on a reinforced concrete moment frame. Targeting a selected large earthquake scenario, 6,240 nonlinear time history analyses are performed using OpenSees. Simulation results are engineered to extract low-dimensional intensity-based features that can be used as damage indicators. For the given case study, the proposed model achieves a promising accuracy of 83.1% to identify damage location, demonstrating the great potential of model capabilities.</p>
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6

Hatayama, Ken. "Tsunami Damage to Oil Storage Tanks in the MW9.0 2011 Tohoku, Japan Earthquake." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45530.

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The Mw9.0 2011 Tohoku, Japan earthquake tsunami damaged 418 oil storage tanks located along the Pacific coast of the Hokkaido, Tohoku, and Kanto Districts of Japan. A wide variety of damage was observed, including movement and deformation of the tank body, scouring of the tank base and ground, and movement or structural fracture of the pipe. In total, 157 of the 418 tanks were moved by the tsunami. By comparing the severity of damage with the inundation depth of the tsunami experienced by the oil storage tank, a fragility curve projecting the damage rate for plumbing is presented, and a rough but easy-to-use method of predicting tsunami damage to an oil storage tank from a given inundation depth is also presented: (i) for inundation depths of 2–5 m, tanks suffer damage to their plumbing, and small tanks (capacity < 100 m3) and empty larger tanks may be moved; (ii) for inundation depths of greater than 5 m, most tanks are moved. The validity of the previously-proposed tsunami tank-movement prediction method is first examined. A comparison of the method’s predictions with the actual damage data from the 2011 Tohoku earthquake tsunami indicates a high hit rate of 76%.
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7

Yoshida, Hiroyuki, Taku Nagatake, Kazuyuki Takase, Akiko Kaneko, Hideaki Monji, and Yutaka Abe. "Development of Prediction Technology of Two-Phase Flow Dynamics Under Earthquake Acceleration (6) Numerical Simulation of Bubble Deformation Near Wall Under Accelerating Condition." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54663.

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Earthquake is one of the most serious phenomena for safety of a nuclear reactor in Japan. Therefore, structural safety of nuclear reactors has been studied and nuclear reactors were contracted with structural safety for a big earthquake. However, it is not enough for safety operation of nuclear reactors because thermal-fluid safety is not confirmed under the earthquake. For instance, behavior of gas-liquid two-phase flow is unknown under the earthquake conditions. Especially, fluctuation of void faction is an important factor for the safety operation of the nuclear reactor. In the previous work, fluctuation of void faction in bubbly flow was studied experimentally and theoretically to investigate the stability of the bubbly flow. In such studies, flow rate or void fraction fluctuations were given to the steady bubbly flow. In case of the earthquake, the fluctuation is not only the flow rate, but also body force on the two-phase flow and shear force through a pipe wall. Interactions of gas and liquid through their interface also act on the behavior of the two-phase flow. The fluctuation of the void fraction is not clear for such complicated situation under the earthquake. Therefore, the behavior of gas-liquid two-phase flow is investigated experimentally and numerically in a series of study. In this study, to develop the prediction technology of two-phase flow dynamics under earthquake acceleration, a detailed two-phase flow simulation code with an advanced interface tracking method TPFIT was expanded to two-phase flow simulation under earthquake conditions. In this paper, outline of expansion of the TPFIT to simulate detailed two-phase flow behavior under the earthquake condition was shown. And the bubbly flow in a horizontal pipe excited by oscillation acceleration and under the fluctuation of the liquid flow was simulated by using expanded TPFIT. Predicted deformation of bubbles near wall was compared with measured results under flow rate fluctuation and structural vibration.
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8

Arai, Rie, Akiko Kaneko, Hideaki Monji, Yutaka Abe, Hiroyuki Yoshida, and Kazuyuki Takase. "Development of Prediction Technology of Two-Phase Flow Dynamics Under Earthquake Acceleration: (13) Rising Bubble Motion Under Horizontal Vibration." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30009.

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An earthquake is one of the most serious phenomena for the safety of a nuclear reactor in Japan. Therefore, structural safety of nuclear reactors has been studied and nuclear reactors ware contracted with structural safety for a big earthquake. However, it is not enough for safety operation of nuclear reactors because thermal-fluid safety is not confirmed under the earthquake. For instance, behavior of gas-liquid two-phase flow is unknown under the earthquake conditions. Especially, fluctuation of void fraction is an important factor for the safety operation of the nuclear reactor. In the previous work, fluctuation of void faction in bubbly flow was studied experimentally and theoretically, to investigate the stability of the bubbly flow. In such studies, flow rate or void fraction fluctuations were given to the steady bubbly flow. In the case of the earthquake, the fluctuation is not only the flow rate, but also a body force on the two-phase flow and a shear force through a pipe wall. Interactions of gas and liquid through their interface also act on the behavior of the two-phase flow. The fluctuation of the void fraction is not clear for such complicated situation under the earthquake. Therefore, in this research project, the behavior of gas-liquid two-phase flow is investigated experimentally and numerically in the series of study. In this study, to investigate the effects of vibration on bubbly flow in the components and construct an experimental database for validation, we performed visualization experiments of vertical bubbly flow in a rectangular water tank on which a sine wave vibration was applied. In this paper, results of visualized experiment evaluated by the visualization techniques, including positions of bubbles, shapes of bubbles and liquid velocity distributions around bubbles, were shown. And liquid velocity distribution around bubbles by the PIV measurement was also shown. In the results, bubble behaviors were affected by oscillation. And the cycle of the bubble tilt angle was almost same as the cycle of oscillation table velocity.
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9

Miyazaki, Akifumi, Yuki Kato, Tetsuya Kanagawa, Akiko Kaneko, Hideaki Monji, Hiroyuki Yoshida, and Yutaka Abe. "Development of Prediction Technology of Two-Phase Flow Dynamics Under Earthquake Acceleration: (17) Effect of Structure Vibration on a Rising Single Bubble." In 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60565.

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Abstract:
Earthquake is one of the most serious phenomena for safety of a nuclear reactor in Japan. Structural safety of nuclear reactors has been studied and nuclear reactors were contracted with structural safety for a big earthquake. However, it is not enough for safe operation of nuclear reactors because thermal-fluid safety is not confirmed under the earthquake. For instance, behavior of gas-liquid two-phase flow is unknown under the earthquake conditions. Especially, fluctuation of void fraction is an important factor for the safe operation of the nuclear reactor. In the previous work, fluctuation of void fraction in bubbly flow was studied experimentally and numerically. In case of the earthquake, the fluctuation is not only the flow rate, but also body force on the two-phase flow and shear stress through the pipe wall. Interactions of gas and liquid through their interface also act on the behavior of the two-phase flow. The fluctuation of the void fraction is not clear for such complicated situation under the earthquake. Our study has investigated the behavior of gas-liquid two-phase flow experimentally and numerically. In this paper effects of vibration on bubbly flow in the components and construct experimental database for validation and performs visualization experiments of a rising single bubble in a rectangular water tank on which sinusoidal vibration was applied. In this paper, results of visualized experiment evaluated by the visualization techniques, including positions of a bubble, a shape of the bubble and the bubble tilt angle were shown. In the results, bubble behavior were affected by the table oscillation. The bubble tilt angle is also almost same value of the bubble movement angle. It is implied that higher table oscillation frequency than 20 Hz quite weakly affects on fluctuation of bubble tilt angle frequency.
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10

Arai, Rie, Kousuke Mizuno, Akiko Kaneko, Hideaki Monji, Yutaka Abe, Hiroyuki Yoshida, and Kazuyuki Takase. "Development of Prediction Technology of Two-Phase Flow Dynamics Under Earthquake Acceleration: 9 — Effect of Structure Vibration on Rising Bubble Behavior." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15577.

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Abstract:
Earthquake is one of the most serious phenomena for safety of a nuclear reactor in Japan. Therefore, structural safety of nuclear reactors has been studied and nuclear reactors ware contracted with structural safety for a big earthquake. However, it is not enough for safety operation of nuclear reactors because thermal-fluid safety is not confirmed under the earthquake. For instance, behavior of gas-liquid two-phase flow is unknown under the earthquake conditions. Especially, fluctuation of void faction is an important factor for the safety operation of the nuclear reactor. In the previous work, fluctuation of void faction in bubbly flow was studied experimentally and theoretically to investigate the stability of the bubbly flow. In such studies, flow rate or void fraction fluctuations were given to the steady bubbly flow. In case of the earthquake, the fluctuation is not only the flow rate, but also body forth on the two-phase flow and shear forth through the pipe wall. Interactions of gas and liquid through their interface also act on the behavior of the two-phase flow. The fluctuation of the void fraction is not clear for such complicated situation under the earthquake. Therefore, in this research projects, the behavior of gas-liquid two-phase flow is investigated experimentally and numerically in the series of study. In this study, to investigate effects of vibration on bubbly flow in the components and construct experimental database for validation, we performed visualization experiments of vertical bubbly flow in rectangular water tank on which sine wave vibration was applied. In this paper, results of preliminary visualization experiments were shown including data of positions of bubbles, shapes of bubbles and velocity of bubbles evaluated by the visualization techniques. And liquid velocity distribution around bubbles by the PIV measurement was also shown. In the results, bubble behaviors were affected by oscillation. And the cycle of the bubble inclination angle was almost same as the cycle of oscillation table velocity.
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Reports on the topic "Earthquake prediction in art"

1

Rukin, M. D., and A. F. Chernyaev. New paradigm of earthquake prediction. Academy of Trinitarianism, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/rukinchernyaev.

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2

Andrabi, Tahir, Benjamin Daniels, and Jishnu Das. Human Capital Accumulation and Disasters: Evidence from the Pakistan Earthquake of 2005. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-risewp_2020/039.

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We trace the effects of a devastating earthquake that occurred in Northern Pakistan in 2005. Using a new dataset from a survey conducted four years after the earthquake, we first show that the distance of the household from the fault line was not correlated with pre-existing household characteristics, while it was strongly predictive of earthquake-related damage and mortality. Through emergency relief aid, households living close to the fault line reported receiving substantial cash compensation that amounted to as much as 150% of their annual household consumption expenditure. Four years after the earthquake, there were no differences in public infrastructure, household or adult outcomes between areas close to and far from the fault line. However, children in their critical first thousand days at the time of the earthquake accumulated large height deficits, with the youngest the most affected. Children aged 3 through 15 at the time of the earthquake did not suffer growth shortfalls, but scored significantly worse on academic tests if they lived close to the fault line. Finally, children whose mothers completed primary education were fully protected against the emergence of a test score gap. We estimate that if these deficits continue to adult life, the affected children could stand to lose 15% of their lifetime earnings. Even when disasters are heavily compensated, human capital accumulation can be critically interrupted, with greater losses for already disadvantaged populations.
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3

Bennett, Richard H. Mine Burial Assessment State-of the Art in Prediction and Modeling Workshop and Initiation of Technical Program. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada610009.

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4

A proposed initiative for capitalizing on the Parkfield, California, earthquake prediction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6905230.

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