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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Earthquake reconstruction

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Academic literature on the topic 'Earthquake reconstruction'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Earthquake reconstruction"

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Nakashima, Tadayoshi, and Shigeyuki Okada. "Financial Imbalances in Regional Disaster Recovery Following Earthquakes—Case Study Concerning Housing-Cost Expenditures in Japan." Sustainability 10, no. 9 (2018): 3225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093225.

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In the aftermath of the 1995 Kobe Earthquake, a large-scale effort towards reconstruction of houses damaged by the quake was required. This led to increased mortgage, thereby financially plaguing a number of earthquake victims and inhibiting their long-term sustainability and self-supported recovery. The current framework of housing reconstruction assistance provided by the Japanese government does not account for regional disparities in cost and other socioeconomic factors. This study proposes a technique for estimating the cost of reconstructing household units damaged in an earthquake by considering the effects of construction methods influenced by regional climatic zones. The financial constraints on rebuilding resources have been estimated by considering the annual regional income and household savings, as determined by social factors and employment opportunities. The susceptibility of regions to the occurrence of earthquakes has also been factored in the calculation of recovery costs. Together, these factors are used to provide a more complete picture of economic costs associated with earthquake recovery in different regions of Japan, thereby revealing large disparities in the difficulty and financial burden involved in the reconstruction of household units. Results of this study could be used to develop a robust system for earthquake-recovery assistance that accounts for differences in recovery costs between different regions, thereby improving the speed and quality of post-earthquake recovery.

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Wang, Gui Zhen, Ying Min Li, and Li Ping Liu. "Relief Effort and Reconstruction after Wenchuan Ms8.0 Earthquake." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 2727–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.2727.

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Wenchuan earthquake of May 12, 2008 in Sichuan province is most destructive, the most widely spread, the most difficultly to disaster relief in recent decades in China. The earthquake relief and reconstruction work is also the fastest, to mobilize the widest range of input power in an action, creating a miracle of the world's earthquake relief and reconstruction. Those successful practices provided a valuable experience reference to other areas for fight against natural disasters and rebuild their homes. This article describes the damage of housing, roads, bridges and other engineering structures and landslides mudslides, dammed lakes and other geological hazards triggered by earthquakes; Outlines the effort of the rescue operation, including personnel search and rescue, road rehabilitation, caring for the wounded, people placement and soon; Summarizes the reconstruction strategies and policies, including with Chinese characteristics” counterpart support” reconstruction mode which means a province to help a county. In the end, the article discusses the earthquake relief and reconstruction experience and inspiration.

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Sulthan, Faiz. "Rekonstruksi Fasilitas Pendidikan Pasca Bencana Gempa Bumi Tahun 2018 di Kabupaten Sumbawa Provinsi NTB Menggunakan Konstruksi RISHA." CANTILEVER 8, no. 2 (2020): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.35139/cantilever.v8i2.11.

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The Province of West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) suffered a series of earthquakes which began on July 29, 2018 (M6.4) as a foreshock, August 5, 2018 (M7.0) as the first mainshock, 9 August 2018 (M6.2) as aftershocks, and 19 August 2018 which was preceded by M6.3 foreshock and M6.9 second mainshock. This earthquake disaster has caused many casualties. Some casualties were injured by the light damaged to collapsed buildings and infrastructures. Based on Presidential Instruction (INPRES) No.5 of 2018, Ministry of Public Works and Housing (PWH) was assigned to carry out rehabilitations and reconstructions after the earthquake. The areas that had been affected by the earthquakes are Mataram city, North Lombok Regency, West Lombok Regency, Central Lombok Regency, East Lombok Regency, West Sumbawa Regency, and Sumbawa Regency. The Mandate of INPRES No. 5 of 2018, is that the reconstruction process must be carried out using earthquake resistant building technology and in a short time. To answer these tasks and challenges, the Ministry of PWH used the construction of Simple Healthy Instant Houses (Rumah Instan Sederhana Sehat or RISHA ), as earthquake resistant building technology that had been developed and owned by the Ministry of PWH. RISHA construction is not only an earthquake resistant building technology, but also a construction using knock down technology with precast system so that it can be constructed in a relative fast time. This paper discusses the activities of reconstructing educational facilities in Sumbawa Regency, NTB Province using RISHA construction.

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Ogawa, Yujiro. "Special Issue on Recovery from the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake." Journal of Disaster Research 2, no. 5 (2007): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2007.p0329.

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The Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake of 1995 revealed the vulnerability of modern cities to earthquakes, not in the damage to structures but also to the lives of people, local communities, and the economy. As a result, recovery and reconstruction have become indispensable to all aspects of modern cities. With the earthquake almost 12 years in the past and recovery and reconstruction almost completed, it is time for us to look back on the process. This issue (JDR Vol.2 No.5) features a roundup of post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction, including viewpoints on the challenges faced in the wake of massive damage and injury, destruction of over 400,000 damaged houses and infrastructure lifeline facilities such as water, electricity, and gas, and the collapse and rebuilding of local communities and the economy. This issue follows recovery and reconstruction and provides information on processes that could be useful in the case of a large earthquake in the future.

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Gao, Shengjun, Yunhao Chen, Long Liang, and Adu Gong. "Post-Earthquake Night-Time Light Piecewise (PNLP) Pattern Based on NPP/VIIRS Night-Time Light Data: A Case Study of the 2015 Nepal Earthquake." Remote Sensing 12, no. 12 (2020): 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12122009.

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Earthquakes are unpredictable and potentially destructive natural disasters that take a long time to recover from. Monitoring post-earthquake human activity (HA) is of great significance to recovery and reconstruction work. There is a strong correlation between night-time light (NTL) and HA, which aid in the study of spatiotemporal changes in post-earthquake human activities. However, seasonal and noise impact from National Polar-Orbiting Partnership Satellite Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP/VIIRS) data greatly limits their application. To tackle these issues, random noise and seasonal fluctuation of NPP/VIIRS from January 2014 to December 2018 is removed by adopting the seasonal-trend decomposition procedure based on loess (STL). Based on the theory of post-earthquake recovery model, a post-earthquake night-time light piecewise (PNLP) pattern is explored by employing the National Polar-Orbiting Partnership Satellite Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP/VIIRS) monthly data. PNLP indicators, including pre-earthquake development rate (kp), recovery rate (kr1), reconstruction rate (kr2), development rate (kd), relative reconstruction rate (krp) and loss (S), are defined to describe the PNLP pattern. Furthermore, the 2015 Nepal earthquake is chosen as a case study and the spatiotemporal changes in different areas are analyzed. The results reveal that: (1) STL is an effective algorithm for obtaining HA trend from the time series of denoising NTL; (2) the PNLP pattern, divided into four phases, namely the emergency phase (EP), recovery phase (RP-1), reconstruction phase (RP-2), and development phase (DP), aptly describes the variation in post-earthquake HA; (3) PNLP indicators are capable of evaluating the recovery differences across regions. The main socio-economic factors affecting the PNLP pattern and PNLP indicators are energy source for lighting, type of building, agricultural economy, and human poverty index. Based on the NPP/VIIRS data, the PNLP pattern can reflect the periodical changes of HA after earthquakes and provide an effective means for the analysis and evaluation of post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction.

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Shi, Manjiang, Qi Cao, Baisong Ran, and Lanyan Wei. "A Conceptual Framework Integrating “Building Back Better” and Post-Earthquake Needs for Recovery and Reconstruction." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (2021): 5608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105608.

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Global disasters due to earthquakes have become more frequent and intense. Consequently, post-disaster recovery and reconstruction has become the new normal in the social process. Through post-disaster reconstruction, risks can be effectively reduced, resilience can be improved, and long-term stability can be achieved. However, there is a gap between the impact of post-earthquake reconstruction and the needs of the people in the disaster area. Based on the international consensus of “building back better” (BBB) and a post-disaster needs assessment method, this paper proposes a new (N-BBB) conceptual model to empirically analyze recovery after the Changning Ms 6.0 earthquake in Sichuan Province, China. The reliability of the model was verified through factor analysis. The main observations were as follows. People’s needs focus on short-term life and production recovery during post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction. Because of disparities in families, occupations, and communities, differences are observed in the reconstruction time sequence and communities. Through principal component analysis, we found that the N-BBB model constructed in this study could provide strong policy guidance in post-disaster recovery and reconstruction after the Changning Ms 6.0 earthquake, effectively coordinate the “top-down” and “bottom-up” models, and meet the diversified needs of such recovery and reconstruction.

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Fallahi, Alireza. "Bam earthquake reconstruction assessment." Structural Survey 26, no. 5 (2008): 387–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02630800810922739.

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HOSSEINI, Seyed Teimor, Shahin LALE AREFI, Mahdi BITARAFAN, Sajjad ABAZARLOU, and Edmundas Kazimieras ZAVADSKAS. "EVALUATION TYPES OF EXTERIOR WALLS TO RECONSTRUCT IRAN EARTHQUAKE AREAS (AHAR HERIS VARZEQAN) BY USING AHP AND FUZZY METHODS." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 20, no. 3 (2016): 328–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648715x.2016.1190794.

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Two earthquakes of magnitude 6.1mb occurred at the Ahar and around 16000 residential buildings were destroyed. one of the conspicuous issues in the earthquake is property management to reconstruct and confront the crisis. in this regard, since the most damage inflicted on the buildings occurs in the exterior walls, therefore, the most financial resources must be spent on reconstructing this part of damaged buildings. Thus, this paper was conducted in order to reduce expenditure and increase the resistance of the walls. The urban fabric of the area didn’t sustain much damage and only the exterior walls of the buildings were collapsed. Thus, the main aim of this article is to study different types of exterior walls for renewal and reconstruction of buildings in earthquake area. To approach this aim, using group decision-making method. This paper presents the comparison of FUZZY and AHP. in this regard, this research is centralized on types of exterior walls to reconstruct iran earthquake areas (Ahar, Heris, Varzeqan). five main methods have been chosen by asking experts in the related fields and to evaluate and select the best of exterior walls. finally 3D panel wall was selected as the optimal wall for reconstruction of earthquake area.

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Mumtaz, Hamid, S. Habib Mughal, Maggie Stephenson, and Jitendra K. Bothara. "The challenges of reconstruction after the October 2005 Kashmir earthquake." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 41, no. 2 (2008): 68–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.41.2.68-82.

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The 8th October 2005 Kashmir Earthquake was one the largest earthquakes in Northern Pakistan in its recorded history. It caused an unprecedented level of damage and destruction in Pakistan Administered Kashmir (PAK) and the North Western Frontier Province (NWFP). It damaged or collapsed more than 0.6 million buildings - leaving 3.5 million people shelter less as winter approached. A large part of the earthquake-affected area is difficult to access and highly snow-prone, with rugged terrain and scattered settlements. It posed unique challenges and efforts on a massive-scale for reconstruction. For residential buildings, the Pakistan government adopted a house-owner driven approach. The reconstruction policy stated that the government and other agencies would provide equal technical assistance and subsidy to each family, without differentiating between who lost what. To increase capacity in earthquake-resistant construction, large-scale training of artisans, technicians, engineers, and community mobilisers has been conducted. Campaigns to “build back better” have raised awareness in the communities. Local Housing Reconstruction Centres have been established for training, advice, and dissemination of earthquake-resistant technology. This decentralised approach has helped in achieving reconstruction smoothly. This paper will present the authors’ first-hand experience in the reconstruction effort, and the opportunities and unique challenges faced.

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Bruneau, Michel, and Gregory MacRae. "Building Structural Systems in Christchurch's Post-Earthquake Reconstruction." Earthquake Spectra 35, no. 4 (2019): 1953–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/052818eqs126o.

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After the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquakes, much of the Christchurch Central Business District was demolished, and a new city is in the process of emerging in its place. A series of interviews conducted with key professionals involved with the reconstruction, together with data collected from various sources (including Christchurch's City Council database), has made it possible to (1) quantify variations in the selection of a structural system as a function of various parameters and (2) identify some of the drivers that have influenced decisions about the selection of structural material and specific structural systems used. Key points on factors that may affect post-earthquake structural engineering practice are drawn from the data collected. As such, the Christchurch rebuilding experience provides insights into some of the mechanisms that can dictate structural engineering decisions during the post-earthquake reconstruction of a modern city.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Earthquake reconstruction"

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Wu, Jie Ying. "A comparative study of housing reconstruction after two major earthquakes the 1994 Northridge earthquake in the United States and the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan /." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969/74.

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Ali, Zehra (Zehra Hyder). "Sustainable shelters for post disaster reconstruction : an integrated approach for reconstruction after the South Asia earthquake." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40402.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2007.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-69).<br>A year after the South Asia earthquake, over 60% of the survivors are still vulnerable due to the lack of adequate shelter, the absence of basic facilities for water and sanitation and livelihood restoration. The harsh topography, limited financial and human resources of the displaced and the environmental impact have resulted in the construction of shelters that do not directly address the improvement in living conditions and remain vulnerable to future disasters. This thesis presents an overview of an integrated approach towards making the reconstruction in the earthquake affected areas of Northern Pakistan more sustainable. The review of shelter solutions and practical recommendations aim at showing that there is no 'single best' solution in terms of shelter design. Rather a synthesis of low tech solutions for improving the sustainability and safety of existing shelters has been provided along with an understanding of the social mechanisms necessary to address local needs and priorities. There are three main components that have been included to provide the primary context and discuss the role and design for sustainable shelters in the earthquake affected areas of Northern Pakistan are the 'Review of Housing', 'Design' and the 'Structural test'.<br>(cont.) The review of housing focuses on understanding the current role of stakeholder participation in the construction of homes, the feasibility of constructing homes using indigenous building technology, criteria for assessing the sustainability of designs and in depth case studies on the different housing mechanisms ( owner driven reconstruction, participatory housing and contractor driven reconstruction). The best practices for shelter design and construction have been rearticulated in the 'Design' section, which provides an overview of some of the construction practices that exist and are being implemented in the field for the reasons of their efficiency, affordability and resourcefulness. The 'Structural Test' corroborates suggestions for improving layout and floor plan of unreinforced masonry construction. Apart from the design of the main structural components, innovations for improved seismic resistance, thermal efficiency, ventilation and roof-rainwater harvesting have been presented to improve the functionality of shelter. Thus by integrating use of suitable shelter materials, design and construction techniques, while also considering the implications indoor lighting, ,heating and cooking and the opportunities for livelihood generation, the construction of sustainable and safer shelters has been encouraged.<br>by Zehra Ali.<br>S.B.

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Al-Sharjabi, Ahmed G. F. "Reconstruction after natural disasters : lessons from the 1982 earthquake in Yemen." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286573.

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Yumarni, Tri. "Gender mainstreaming and sustainable post-disaster reconstruction : earthquake regions in Indonesia." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2017. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/34525/.

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Mainstreaming gender within reconstruction is vital to enhance sustainable development in disaster affected regions. Promoting needs and concerns of women and men as well as their experience and knowledge in all process of reconstruction can fulfill sustainable post-disaster reconstruction. Studies have found that failure to address gender issues in post-disaster reconstruction will hinder the opportunities of reconstruction to achieve sustainable development. Yet, many cases of reconstruction activities across developing countries failed to promote gender mainstreaming. This research aims to provide policy-relevant findings regarding strategies for mainstreaming gender with the aim of achieving sustainability in post-earthquake reconstruction in Indonesia. The case of gender mainstreaming issues at post-disaster reconstruction at Bantul and Sleman Yogyakarta Indonesia were examined. Multiple case studies were applied to achieve the aim and objectives of the study. Accordingly, the sequential mixed-method approach was used with the primary data collection methods are semi-structure interviews and questionnaires. For analyzing the qualitative data, the study chooses content analysis technique along with descriptive and inferential statistics that be used for quantitative data analysis. This study confirms that women are not only more vulnerable but also have a larger number of vulnerabilities. Women face all dimensions of gender vulnerability during reconstruction. Among the most vulnerable groups are pregnant women, women with disabilities and older women. Despite their vulnerability, women can make a difference during reconstruction through their economic, social and environmental capacities. This study shows that women’s capacities in the economic, social and environmental dimensions not only substantially reduce their families’ and communities’ vulnerability but also enhance the sustainability of their families and communities following an earthquake. This study further shows that gender mainstreaming strategies within sustainable reconstruction should incorporate not only strategies for protecting against gender vulnerabilities but also strategies for promoting gender capacities. Both are fundamental to the achievement of sustainable reconstruction. Further, this study presents key enabling and constraining factors in the mainstreaming gender into sustainable post-disaster reconstruction. These stem from government, non-government organizations, and society. The key enabling factor on the part of government is strong women’s leadership, while the key enabling factor from society is support from active roles for women’s groups. This study shows that adequate technical and financial supports are the key factors from non-government organizations. The key constraining factor from the government is resistance from senior bureaucrats.

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Cronin, Shannon. ""We Do Not Wait for the Government": An Evaluation of a Disaster Rebuilding Program in Kathmandu Valley." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707325/.

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Five years ago, a massive earthquake and its subsequent aftershocks rocked the core of Nepal. Recovery from these quakes has been a long and difficult process. This thesis will explore findings from a qualitative evaluation of Lumanti Support Group for Shelter, an NGO in Kathmandu, Nepal that implemented a residential reconstruction program in four peri-urban communities in Kathmandu Valley. These findings are a culmination of 26 semi-structured interviews and document analysis. This research highlights the processes of reconstruction and the forms of resistance that occurred through disaster governance.

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Abid, Muhammad S. "Reconstruction for low-income communities in earthquake zones : an investigation for the implementation of community-managed housing reconstruction programmes in low-income countries located in earthquakes zones." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1995. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/33137.

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The world's earthquake problem is increasing without a change in the earth's geology. Human suffering during earthquakes is almost entirely caused by man-made structures. This is mainly because the world's population is fast increasing and previously unoccupied areas are now being inhabited without much attention being given to vulnerability of the building sites and construction techniques. Such buildings cannot withstand even moderate earthquakes. Earthquake fatality records show that most of the losses to life occur in low-income and lower middle-income countries. Economic losses due to earthquakes arc usually large in high-income countries. The financial impact of earthquake disasters is greater in poorer countries, who find serious problems in rebuilding their towns and villages after a disaster. Most government-implemented reconstruction programmes in low-income and lower middle-income countries have failed because they did not meet the socio-economic needs of the earthquake victims. Consequently a majority of such communities were obliged to live in vulnerable houses. The lack of acceptability of most reconstruction programmes emphasised the need to investigate and analyse the associated problems. This has been performed by studying a recently implemented programme. lt was intended to review the earthquake-victims' response to the programme and what should be done to introduce efficient and effective earthquake-resistant construction strategies in the hazard-prone areas. For this purpose, field work was carried out in the Republic of Yemen to study the reconstruction programme undertaken after the 1982 earthquake. The research findings suggest that reconstruction programmes will be implemented more efficiently and effectively, if the people living in earthquake-affected area arc aware of the hazard and they manage the location, design and construction of their houses using safe techniques. The study proposes certain measures for adoption by the governments of such countries to mitigate the risk of disasters in earthquake-prone areas.

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Amijaya, Sita Yuliastuti [Verfasser], and Harald [Akademischer Betreuer] Kloft. "Post Earthquake Reconstruction Housing – Case Study Indonesia / Sita Yuliastuti Amijaya ; Betreuer: Harald Kloft." Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1175819115/34.

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Corradini, Marina. "Reconstruction of the earthquake rupture process through coherent teleseismic imaging and statistical modeling." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/CORRADINI_Marina_va1.pdf.

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De nombreuses études ont tenté d’éclairer la complexité de la rupture sismique de grands séismes en utilisant des techniques d’imagerie cohérente telles que la back- projection (BP). Dans une étude récente, Fukahata et al. (2013) ont suggéré que, d’un point de vue théorique, l’image BP de la rupture sismique est liée au glissement ou à la vitesse de glissement sur la faille. Cependant, la relation quantitative entre les images BP et les propriétés physiques du processus de rupture reste encore peu connue. Cette thèse vise à clarifier comment les images BP du champ d’ondes rayonné peuvent être utilisées pour déduire les hétérogénéités spatiales en glissement et en vitesse de rupture le long de la faille. Nous réalisons des simulations de différents processus de rupture à l’aide d’un modèle de source linéaire. Pour chaque modèle de rupture, nous calculons les sismogrammes synthétiques à trois réseaux télésismiques et nous appliquons la technique de BP afin d’identifier les sources de rayonnement haute fréquence (HF). Cette procédure permet de comparer les images BP avec le modèle de rupture originaire et d’interpréter les émissions HF en fonction des trois paramètres cinématiques: le temps de montée, la valeur du glissement final, la vitesse de rupture. Nos résultats montrent que les pics HF extraits avec l’analyse BP sont le plus étroitement associés aux hétérogénéités spatio-temporelles de l’accélération du glissement. Nous vérifions nos observations sur deux grands séismes survenus dans la faille de Swan Islands à neuf ans d’intervalle: le séisme du 2009 (Mw 7.3) et celui du 2018 (Mw 7.5) au nord du Honduras. Les deux événements montrent une géométrie linéaire, ce qui les rend comparables à notre approche synthétique. Malgré la géométrie simple, les deux séismes sont caractérisés par un taux de glissement complexe, avec plusieurs sous-événements. Nos résultats préliminaires montrent que l’image BP des émissions HF permet d’estimer une longueur et une vitesse de rupture compatibles avec d’autres études et qu’un fort rayonnement HF pourrait correspondre aux zones de forte variabilité du taux de glissement. En conclusion, nous utilisons une méthode de réseau de neurones afin de prédire les paramètres cinématiques d’une rupture sismique à partir de son image BP. Le réseau s’appuie sur un grand nombre de processus de rupture synthétiques et leurs images BP, dans le but d’identifier le lien statistique entre le rayonnement HF et les paramètres cinématiques. Nos résultats montrent que le réseau de neurones appliqué à l’image BP du séisme est capable de prédire les valeurs du temps de montée et de la vitesse de rupture le long de la faille, ainsi que la position moyenne de l’hétérogénéité. Par contre, le réseau de neurones n’arrive pas à récupérer les valeurs du glissement final, auquel l’approche BP est relativement insensible. Notre étude permet de mieux comprendre l’écart qui existe actuellement entre la description théorique de la génération de rayonnements HF et les observations d’émissions HF obtenues par des techniques d’imagerie cohérentes, en s’appuyant aux pistes d’action possibles et en suggérant de nouvelles perspectives<br>Many studies have attempted to illuminate rupture complexities of large earthquakes through the use of coherent imaging techniques such as back-projection (BP). Recently, Fukahata et al. (2013) suggested that, from a theoretical point of view, the BP image of the rupture is related to the slip motion on the fault. However, the quantitative relationship between the BP images and the physical properties of the earthquake rupture process still remains unclear.Our work aims at clarifying how BP images of the radiated wavefield can be used to infer spatial heterogeneities in slip and rupture velocity along the fault. We simulate different rupture processes using a line source model. For each rupture model, we calculate synthetic seismograms at three teleseismic arrays and we apply the BP technique to identify the sources of high-frequency (HF) radiation. This procedure allows for the comparison of the BP images with the originating rupture model, and thus the interpretation of HF emissions in terms of along-fault variation of the three kinematic parameters: rise time, final slip, rupture velocity. Our results show that the HF peaks retrieved from BP analysis are most closely associated with space-time heterogeneities of slip acceleration. We verify our findings on two major earthquakes that occurred 9 years apart on the strike-slip Swan Islands fault: the Mw 7.3 2009 and the Mw 7.5 2018 North of Hondurasearthquakes. Both events followed a simple linear geometry, making them suitable for comparison with our synthetic approach. Despite the simple geometry, both slip-rate functions are complex, with several subevents. Our preliminary results show that the BP image of HF emissions allows to estimate a rupture length and velocity which are compatible with other studies and that strong HF radiation corresponds to the areas of large variability of the moment-rate function. An outstanding question is whether one can use the BP image of the earthquake to retrieve the kinematic parameters along the fault. We build on the findings obtained in the synthetic examples by training a neural network model to directly predict the kinematic parameters along the fault, given an input BP image. We train the network on a large number of different synthetic rupture processes and their BP images, with the goal of identifying the statistical link between HF radiation and rupture kinematic parameters. Our results show that the neural network applied to the BP image of the earthquake is able to predict the values of rise time and rupture velocity along the fault, as well as thecentral position of the heterogeneity, but not the absolute slip values, to which the HF BP approach is relatively insensitive. Our work sheds some light on the gap currently existing between the theoretical description of the generation of HF radiation and the observations of HF emissions obtained by coherent imaging techniques, tackling possible courses of action and suggesting new perspectives

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DE, GREGORIO STEFANIA. "FROM POST-EARTHQUAKE WASTE TO RESOURCE." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/64872.

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[EN] The international debate on the environmental crisis, known since the 70's, pushes to review priorities in light of today's time to safeguard the future. In this regard, the problem of waste disposal takes on a great importance, especially from the construction sector. At the same time, it is necessary to revamp the Italian architectural heritage. The research identifies the implementation of regeneration building through the transformation of waste into resources for the area. The study of regulatory laws and best practices in the field of construction make it possible to identify effective ways of reusing components. In addition, the methods, tools, and techniques of demolition are analysed to ensure the uniformity of the merceologic fraction and the integrity of the elements. In the goal to promote the exploitation of the residual performances of materials that derive from selective demolitions, such as wood and steel, methodological and operational processes aimed at maximizing their reuse are further explained. The developed theories have been tested in the territory of L'Aquila, Italy. The city was severely damaged by the earthquake on the 6th of April, 2009. The reconstruction is an opportunity for the regeneration and development of the whole territory; however, it has many logistical, environmental, and economical problems. The restoration of the roads and the preservation of buildings necessitated the construction of safety systems. When reconstruction operations of a building begin, safety systems should be gradually dismantled. At present, end-life scenarios are not programmed, and the materials that constitute the safety systems are temporarily stored or transported to the landfill. The enormous quantity of waste results in economic and environmental damage, along with logistical disruptions. The research defines methodological-operative lines to reuse and recycle the materials that make up the safety systems, identify ways to pursue the optimization and sustainability of the rebuilding process. It has defined a process for the specific reuse in the seismic crater. Two lines of research developed from the data, and they are detailed below. Endogenous reuse: the materials that are derived from the dismantling of safety systems are immediately reused in sites for the construction of temporary buildings, i.e., construction site offices, changing rooms, refectories, toilets, etc. Temporary endogenous reuse is included in the reconstruction project with the matching function of structural or technological adjustment. Endogenous permanent reuse occurs through the improvement for the installations or redefinition of the internal space. Exogenous reuse: the materials that are derived from the dismantling of safety systems, are reused in neighbouring reconstruction sites within a radius of 100 km. The materials can also be used for the construction of temporary structures designed to accommodate the functions related to the community, such as school, offices, residences, etc. Finally, through the use of the prices present in the Region Abruzzo 2014 Price List, and by using the data previously obtained, a spread sheet for the assessment of the economic and environmental gain resulting from the reuse by businesses and public administrations was created. The research was used to define and develop sustainable methods for regeneration building, which also apply to the reconstruction of L'Aquila, to promote local resources and to resolve logistical, economical, and environmental issues related to this process.<br>[ES] El debate internacional sobre la crisis ambiental, desarrollada desde los años setenta, anima a revisar las prioridades de la época actual para salvaguardar el futuro. En este sentido tiene una gran importancia el problema de la eliminación de residuos, especialmente cuando provienen del sector de la construcción. Paralelamente existe la necesidad de renovar el patrimonio arquitectónico italiano. La investigación identifica las modalidades de ejecución en cuanto a la regeneración de las construcciones a través de la transformación de los residuos en recursos medioambientales o sostenibles. El estudio de las normas y de las buenas prácticas en el campo de la construcción, ha hecho posible determinar modalidades de actuación para la reutilización de componentes. Además, se han analizado los métodos, herramientas y técnicas para la demolición garantizando la uniformidad de los materiales y la integridad de los elementos. Con el objetivo de promover la explotación de las prestaciones residuales de los materiales resultantes de la demolición selectiva, en el caso de la madera y el acero fueron elaborados procesos metodológicos-operativos para la optimización de su reutilización. Las teorías desarrolladas han sido experimentadas en el territorio de L'Aquila (Italia), severamente dañado por el terremoto ocurrido el día 6 de abril de 2009. La reconstrucción es, de hecho, una oportunidad para la regeneración y el desarrollo de todo el territorio, pero en la actualidad tiene muchos problemas de orden logístico, ambiental y económico. La recuperación de la viabilidad y la preservación de los edificios han necesitado operaciones de consolidación de los edificios. Cuando comiencen las operaciones de reconstrucción del edificio, estos sistemas deben ser desmantelados. En la actualidad no han sido programados escenarios contemplen la viabilidad del final del ciclo de vida y los materiales que componen los sistemas de seguridad, por lo tanto, van a confluir en el almacenamiento o el vertedero temporal. Resulta un daño muy importante tanto a nivel económico, como ambiental y logístico. El proyecto de investigación define líneas metodológico-operativas para la reutilización/recuperación de los materiales que componen los sistemas de seguridad de los edificios e identifica maneras de conseguir la optimización y la sostenibilidad del proceso de reconstrucción. Se ha definido un proceso de reutilización específico para el territorio de L'Aquila, desarrollando dos líneas de investigación: reutilización endógena: los materiales provenientes del desmantelamiento de los sistemas de seguridad que son inmediatamente reutilizados dentro de la obra para la edificación de construcciones temporales o servicios, como oficinas, vestuarios, aseos, etc. (reutilización endógena temporal) o se insertan en el proyecto de reconstrucción con función de ajuste/mejoría de las estructuras, de las instalaciones o de los aspectos o la redefinición del espacio interno (reutilización endógena permanente); reutilización exógena: los materiales que derivan del desmantelamiento de los sistemas de seguridad se reutilizan en las obras de reconstrucción vecinas (en un radio de 100 km), o para la construcción de estructuras temporales que albergan las funciones relacionadas con la comunidad (escuelas, oficinas, residencias , etc.). Por último, a través de la utilización de la lista de precios de la Regione Abruzzo 2014 y el uso de los datos obtenidos previamente, ha sido elaborada una hoja de cálculo para evaluar el beneficio ambiental y económico resultante de la reutilización para las empresas y para las administraciones públicas. La investigación ha permitido desarrollar métodos de regeneración de la construcción sostenible, que pueden ser aplicados también a la reconstrucción en curso en la zona de L'Aquila, para promover los recursos locales y al mismo tiempo para resolver los problemas logístic<br>[CAT] El debat internacional sobre la crisi ambiental, desenvolupada des dels anys setanta, anima a revisar les prioritats de l'època actual per salvaguardar el futur. En aquest sentit té una gran importància el problema de l'eliminació de residus, especialment quan provenen del sector de la construcció. Parallelament existeix la necessitat de renovar el patrimoni arquitectònic italià. La investigació identifica les modalitats d'execució quant a la regeneració de les construccions a través de la transformació dels residus en recursos mediambientals o sostenibles. L'estudi de les normes i de les bones pràctiques en el camp de la construcció, ha fet possible determinar modalitats d'actuació per a la reutilització de components. A més, s'han analitzat els mètodes, eines i tècniques per a la demolició garantint la uniformitat dels materials i la integritat dels elements. Amb l'objectiu de promoure l'explotació de les prestacions residuals dels materials resultants de la demolició selectiva, en el cas de la fusta i l'acer van ser elaborats processos metodològics-operatius per a l'optimització de la seva reutilització. Les teories desenvolupades han estat experimentades al territori de L'Aquila (Itàlia), severament danyat pel terratrèmol ocorregut el dia 6 d'abril de 2009. La reconstrucció és, de fet, una oportunitat per a la regeneració i el desenvolupament de tot el territori, però en l'actualitat té molts problemes d'ordre logístic, ambiental i econòmic.. La recuperació de la viabilitat i la preservació dels edificis han necessitat operacions de consolidació dels edificis. Quan comencin les operacions de reconstrucció de l'edifici, aquests sistemes han de ser desmantellats. En l'actualitat no han estat programats escenaris que contemplen la viavilitat de la fi del cicle de vida i els materials que composen els sistemes de seguretat, per tant, van a confluir en l'emmagatzematge o l'abocador temporal. Resulta un dany molt important tant a nivell econòmic, com ambiental i logístic. El projecte de recerca defineix línies metodològic-operatives per a la reutilització/recuperació dels materials que composen els sistemes de seguretat dels edificis i identifica maneres d'aconseguir l'optimització i la sostenibilitat del procés de reconstrucció. S'ha definit un procés de reutilització específic per al territori de L'Aquila, desenvolupant dues línies de recerca: reutilització endogena: els materials provinents del desmantellament dels sistemes de seguretat que són immediatament reutilitzats dins de l'obra per a l'edificació de construccions temporals o serveis, com a oficines, vestuaris, banys, etc. (reutilització endogena temporal) o s'insereixen en el projecte de reconstrucció amb funció d'ajust/millora de les estructures, de les instal·lacions o dels aspectes o la redefinició de l'espai intern (reutilització endogena permanent); reutilització exògena: els materials que deriven del desmantellament dels sistemes de seguretat es reutilitzen en les obres de reconstrucció veïnes (en un radi de 100 km), o per a la construcció d'estructures temporals que alberguen les funcions relacionades amb la comunitat (escoles, oficines, residències, etc.). Finalment, a través de la utilització de la llista de preus de la Regione Abruzzo 2014 i l'ús de les dades obtingudes prèviament, ha estat elaborat un full de càlcul per avaluar el benefici ambiental i econòmic resultant de la reutilització per a les empreses i per a les administracions públiques. La investigació ha permès desenvolupar mètodes de regeneració de la construcció sostenible, que poden ser aplicats també a la reconstrucció en curs a la zona de L'Aquila, per promoure els recursos locals i al mateix temps per resoldre els problemes logístics, econòmics i ambientals relacionats amb aquest procés.<br>De Gregorio, S. (2016). FROM POST-EARTHQUAKE WASTE TO RESOURCE [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/64872<br>TESIS

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Hussain, Liaqat. "Post-disaster housing reconstruction : a study of the Government of Pakistan's housing reconstruction programme in Azad Jammu & Kashmir after October 2005 earthquake." Thesis, Durham University, 2017. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12285/.

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Qabil Ajmeri (an Urdu poet) once wrote: وقت کرتاهے پرورش برسوں حادثہ ایک دم نہيں ھوتا Translation: Time nurtures for years Accident is never sudden Same is true for disasters; they just don’t happen suddenly. It is our actions (or inaction in certain cases) over the years that turn a hazard into a disaster. Development policies, governance system, disaster management system, poverty, and level of hazard are some of the most important factors that contribute towards disaster vulnerability. Most of the developing countries suffer higher disaster losses (as compared to the developed countries) due to their inability to properly address these factors. Societies need to have better development policies, good governance, efficient disaster management system, and improved livelihoods to minimise disaster vulnerability. Conducted from the positionality (Robinson 2014) of a victim of the earthquake and an important functionary of the post-2005 earthquake reconstruction programme in AJK, this research is an auto-ethnographic study in order to understand how societies become vulnerable to natural disasters and what role post-disaster housing reconstruction can play in addressing this vulnerability. By loosely following Blaikie et al.’s (1994) ‘Pressure and Release’ (PAR) model and Collins’ (2009) “disaster and development approach”, this research attempts to find what factors made people vulnerable to seismic hazard in AJK and turned an otherwise not so big Mw=7.6 earthquake into one of the deadliest environmental disasters in the world. The performance and impact of the post-2005 earthquake housing reconstruction program is evaluated in this study by using the mixed-methods research approach. The study finds that the sustainability of the seismic resistant construction and continuation of the pre-earthquake vulnerability factors are still issues. Till the time issues mentioned in this study are not addressed properly, communities in general and the study area in particular will remain vulnerable to environmental disasters.

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Books on the topic "Earthquake reconstruction"

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Bajwa, Wajiha. Gender mainstreaming in earthquake reconstruction & rehabilitation programmes. Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority, 2010.

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Bajwa, Wajiha. Gender mainstreaming in earthquake reconstruction & rehabilitation programmes. Edited by Sheikh Farhat and Earthquake Reconstruction & Rehabilitation Authority (Pakistan). Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority, 2010.

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Jordanovski, Kole. Skopke: Katastrofa-obnova-iskustvo = Skopje : catastrophe-reconstruction-expirience. MM, 1993.

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Brady, Chuck. San Salvador builds back: The story of the Earthquake Reconstruction Program. U.S. Agency of International Development, 1993.

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Rossi, Ino. Community reconstruction after an earthquake: Dialectical sociology in action. Praeger, 1993.

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Duyne, Jennifer E. Housing reconstruction in post-earthquake Gujarat: A comparative analysis. Overseas Development Institute, 2006.

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Santiago-Fandiño, Vicente, Shinji Sato, Norio Maki, and Kanako Iuchi, eds. The 2011 Japan Earthquake and Tsunami: Reconstruction and Restoration. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58691-5.

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Earthquake Reconstruction & Rehabilitation Authority (Pakistan). Coffee table book [of] Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabiltation Authority. ERRA, 2009.

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Wilson, Dorlus, ed. Entre refondation et reconstruction: Le problematiques de l'avenir post-sismique d'Haïti. Éditions de l'Université d'Etat d'Haïti, 2010.

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Arnold, Christopher. Reconstruction after earthquakes: Issues, urban design, and case studies. Building Systems Development, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Earthquake reconstruction"

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Wilkinson, Suzanne, Alice Yan Chang-Richards, and James Olabode Bamidele Rotimi. "Reconstruction Following Earthquake Disasters." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_348-1.

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Wilkinson, Suzanne, Alice Yan Chang-Richards, and James Olabode Bamidele Rotimi. "Reconstruction Following Earthquake Disasters." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_348.

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Yong, Chen, and David C. Booth. "Reconstruction of Wenchuan." In The Wenchuan Earthquake of 2008. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21159-1_6.

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Seeberg, Jens, and Retna Siwi Padmawati. "Redistributing vulnerabilities: house reconstruction following the 2006 Central Java earthquake †." In Earthquake Disasters. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003173328-10.

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Mannakkara, Sandeeka, Suzanne Wilkinson, and Tinu Rose Francis. "“Build Back Better” Principles for Reconstruction." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_343-1.

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Mannakkara, Sandeeka, Suzanne Wilkinson, and Tinu Rose Francis. "“Build Back Better” Principles for Reconstruction." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_343.

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Xu, Jiuping, and Yi Lu. "Towards an earthquake-resilient world: from post-disaster reconstruction to pre-disaster prevention." In Earthquake Disasters. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003173328-1.

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Reale, D., and G. Fornaro. "SAR Tomography for 3D Reconstruction and Monitoring." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_226-1.

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Reale, D., and G. Fornaro. "SAR Tomography for 3D Reconstruction and Monitoring." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_226.

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Boen, Teddy. "Reconstruction in Indonesia Post-2004 Tsunami: Lessons Learnt." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_265-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Earthquake reconstruction"

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Lu, Xilin, and Ying Zhou. "Applications of Energy Dissipation Technologies in Reconstruction After 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-26011.

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On May 12, 2008 a magnitude of MW 8.0 earthquake hit Wenchuan in China. The earthquake engineering specialists’ reaction to the earthquake can be divided into two stages. At the first stage, immediately following the event, they spent day to day in the field surveying the damage to buildings and evaluating the performance of structures. Based on those results, the second stage for the post-quake reconstruction started. Earthquake engineering experts devoted themselves to designing the new buildings and strengthening the damaged buildings. In the design of new buildings, new national codes were published with higher protection levels of earthquake ground motions in the quake-hit area and sustainable development concept was applied by using recycled materials of building waste to avoid further damages to environment in the area of strong earthquakes. In the retrofitting of the damaged buildings, energy dissipation devices are more acceptable than before by decision-makers for its high performance. This paper introduces engineering cases of energy dissipation technologies applied in the new and retrofit project. It is shown that, through the applications of these advanced technologies, the structural performance is effectively enhanced.

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Mecklenbrauker, Christoph F., Peter Gerstoft, and Huajian Yao. "Bayesian sparse wideband source reconstruction of Japanese 2011 earthquake." In 2011 4th IEEE International Workshop on Computational Advances in Multi-Sensor Adaptive Processing (CAMSAP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/camsap.2011.6136002.

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Windupranata, W., N. K. Suharjo, N. R. Hanifa, and C. A. D. S. Nusantara. "Reconstruction of the 2018 Palu Tsunami based on Tectonic Earthquake." In 2019 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Geoscience, Electronics and Remote Sensing Technology (AGERS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/agers48446.2019.9034443.

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Shirota, Yukari, Takako Hashimoto, and Takami Sakura. "Trigger of economic reconstruction from the East-Japan earthquake disaster." In 2013 IEEE Region 10 Humanitarian Technology Conference (R10-HTC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/r10-htc.2013.6669016.

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Liang, X. D., Q. X. Xiang, C. M. Liu, and M. Wang. "Measurement of Post-earthquake Reconstruction System based on Synergy Theory." In International Workshop on Environmental Management, Science and Engineering. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0007559302320239.

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Cao, Yang, Jing Zhang, Mingxiang Yang, and Xiaohui Lei. "Analysis of post-earthquake reconstruction for Wenchuan earthquake based on night-time light data from DMSP/OLS." In Ninth International Conference on Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2017), edited by Charles M. Falco and Xudong Jiang. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2281758.

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Uhlir, Željko. "STRATEGIC APPROACH TO THE PROJECT OF RECONSTRUCTION AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE IN ZAGREB AND LEGAL FRAME." In 1st Croatian Conference on Earthquake Engineering. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/1crocee.2021.227.

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Thierry, Victor, Wen Wu, Dimitrios Chronopoulos, and Sergio Cantero-Chinchilla. "RECONSTRUCTION OF MATERIAL STIFFNESS PROPERTIES FROM DISPERSION RELATIONS USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS." In 8th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. Institute of Structural Analysis and Antiseismic Research National Technical University of Athens, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7712/120121.8608.19030.

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Wei Wang and Yunlong Zhang. "Group decision making in safety planning for earthquake disaster area reconstruction*." In 2011 Second International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering (MACE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mace.2011.5988545.

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Liying Tang. "Public landscape design in post-disaster reconstruction area after Wenchuan Earthquake." In 2010 IEEE 11th International Conference on Computer-Aided Industrial Design & Conceptual Design 1. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/caidcd.2010.5681850.

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