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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Earthworms

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Academic literature on the topic 'Earthworms'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Earthworms"

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Ruiz, Siul A., and Dani Or. "Biomechanical limits to soil penetration by earthworms: direct measurements of hydroskeletal pressures and peristaltic motions." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 15, no. 144 (2018): 20180127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2018.0127.

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Burrows resulting from earthworm activity are important for supporting various physical and ecological soil processes. Earthworm burrowing activity is quantified using models for earthworm penetration and cavity expansion that consider soil moisture and mechanical properties. Key parameters in these models are the maximal pressures exerted by the earthworm's hydroskeleton (estimated at 200 kPa). We designed a special pressure chamber that directly measures the pressures exerted by moving earthworms under different confining pressures to delineate the limits of earthworm activity in soils at di

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Wironen, M., and T. R. Moore. "Exotic earthworm invasion increases soil carbon and nitrogen in an old-growth forest in southern Quebec." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, no. 4 (2006): 845–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-016.

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To test whether invasion of exotic earthworms affects soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), we sampled the litter and upper mineral soil (to 30 cm) at a series of sites varying in their earthworm populations in an old-growth beechmaple forest at Mont St. Hilaire, southern Quebec. We measured earthworm abundance and biomass using hand-sorting and chemical extraction (allyl isothiocyanate) methods. They gave similar results, though there was evidence of size and species-specific biases. Abundance and biomass of the earthworms ranged from <10 to >100 earthworms·m2 and from <10 to 125 g·m2

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Maslov, Mikhail, Angelika Astaykina, and Lev Pozdnyakov. "Earthworm Lumbricus terrestris Contributes Nitrous Oxide Emission from Temperate Agricultural Soil Regardless of Applied Mineral Nitrogen Fertilizer Doses." Agronomy 12, no. 11 (2022): 2745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12112745.

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Agriculture is the main contributor to nitrous oxide (N2O) emission, but the emission intensity can be controlled by various factors, in particular, the activity of earthworms, one of the most common groups of soil invertebrates. We conducted an incubation experiment to evaluate N2O emission in earthworm soil samples compared to non-earthworm ones with applications of high (200 kg ha−1) and low (50 kg ha−1) mineral N fertilizer doses. We assessed the cumulative N2O emission, the dynamics of the soil dissolved organic carbon, and the soil microbial carbon and nitrogen content, as well as the nu

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Rota, Emilia. "Early oligochaete science, from Aristotle to Francesco Redi." Archives of Natural History 38, no. 1 (2011): 136–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2011.0011.

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The paper reviews knowledge on earthworms from early classical times to the end of the seventeenth century. The Aristotelian view that these “imperfect” animals developed spontaneously from mud and lacked internal organs except the gut was not challenged until the late Renaissance but, by the end of the 1600s, it was overthrown. Aldrovandi and Mouffet presented field observations of sexual reproduction and specific habitat requirements. Willis demonstrated the complex internal anatomy of an earthworm. Finally Redi, based on numberless dissections, showed the existence of variations on that bas

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Puhlick, Joshua J., Ivan J. Fernandez, and Jay W. Wason. "Non-Native Earthworms Invade Forest Soils in Northern Maine, USA." Forests 12, no. 1 (2021): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12010080.

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Non-native earthworms can cause abrupt changes in forest ecosystems by altering soil properties and depleting or redistributing soil carbon (C) stocks. The forests of Northern Maine are often perceived as having winters that are too harsh to support earthworm populations and that earthworms are restricted to more southerly regions. In this study, we report the discovery of European earthworms at two research sites in Northern Maine. At one site, earthworms were only found across a portion of the forest, and the median organic (O) horizon C stock in the area with earthworms was 34% less than th

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KAHNEH, Ehsan, Ahmad SHİRİNFEKR, Samar RAMZİ, and Korosh Majd SALİMİ. "Effects of long-term tea (Camellia sinensis) cultivation on the earthworm populations in northern Iran." EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE (EJSS) 11, no. 3 (2022): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18393/ejss.1070182.

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The earthworms’ abundance is usually one of the main indicators of healthy and productive soils. However, agricultural management practices affect the earthworm population and activities. Although there is a lot of information that shows the relation between land use/land cover change and earthworms activity, very little is known about these effects under tea cultivation. Thus the current study was done to determine the effects of long-term tea cultivation on the earthworm’s population and abundance in the tea plantations of Iran to distinguish effects of these practices on soil properties con

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Jody, Regina, Darmi Darmi, and Rizwar Rizwar. "Produksi Kotoran Cacing Tanah dan Hubungannya dengan Kelimpahan Cacing Tanah pada Ekosistem Alami dan Ekosistem Buatan." Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi 12, no. 1 (2024): 800. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/bioscientist.v12i1.11550.

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The presence of earthworms in an ecosystem can improve soil quality through physical, chemical and biological properties. The activity of earthworms in producing feces also has an important role in increasing soil fertility. This research aims to analyze the production of earthworm feces and its relationship with the abundance of earthworms in natural and artificial ecosystems. Determining location points uses the Cluster Sampling method, namely natural and artificial ecosystems. Sampling of earthworms and their feces used the line transect method with a length of 100 meters and plots were cre

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Simon, T., and K. Barnes. "Olfaction and prey search in the carnivorous leech Haemopis marmorata." Journal of Experimental Biology 199, no. 9 (1996): 2041–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.199.9.2041.

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Haemopis marmorata, the green horse leech, is carnivorous and readily eats earthworms. Using a Y-maze with flowing water, we show that specimens of H. marmorata are attracted to live earthworms. Ablating the dorsal lip, the presumed site of the chemoreceptors that this species uses in prey search, disrupts the ability of the leeches to find the earthworms in the Y-maze. Earthworm wash, a preparation of the collagen coating of earthworm skin, shock-induced earthworm secretion, mammalian blood and a salt&shy;arginine mixture are not attractive to the green horse leech. The tails of freshly k

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Ma, Li, Ming’an Shao, and Tongchuan Li. "Characteristics of Soil Moisture and Evaporation under the Activities of Earthworms in Typical Anthrosols in China." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (2020): 6603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166603.

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Earthworms have an important influence on the terrestrial ecological environment. This study assesses the effect of different earthworm densities on soil water content (SWC) and evaporation in a laboratory experiment. Four earthworm densities (0 no-earthworm, control [C]; 207 earthworms m−2, low density [LDE]; 345 earthworms m−2, medium density [MDE]; and 690 earthworms m−2, high density [HDE]) are tested in soil columns. Results show that cumulative evaporation occurs in the decreasing order of densities: C (98.6 mm) > LDE (115.8 mm) > MDE (118.4 mm) > HDE (124.6 mm). Compared with t

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Muhammad Faris bin Md Yusoff, Suhaizan binti Lob, and Nurul Faziha Ibrahim. "The Potential of Local Earthworms in Vermicomposting Goat Manure (GM) and Spent Coconut Flakes (SCF)." Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Journal of Undergraduate Research 1, no. 4 (2019): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46754/umtjur.v1i4.88.

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Vermicomposting is a process that involves biological, chemical and physical transformations of solid organic materials such as agricultural residues of plant and animal through the use of microorganisms and earthworms. There are three main classes of earthworms, and only those from one class are usually used for vermicomposting. However, mostly foreign earthworms are used in the setup. Foreign earthworms are more expensive and harder to obtain than local earthworms. This makes the local farmers reluctant to try since they are expensive. The difference in vermicompost using two species of epig

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Earthworms"

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Butt, Kevin Richard. "An investigation into the growth and reproduction of the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris L. under controlled environmental conditions." Thesis, n.p, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/.

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Chen, Shing-Chong. "Enzyme Assays Using Earthworms for Assessing Innate and Nonspecific Immunotoxicity of Xenobiotics." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277598/.

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Principal objectives of my research were to: (1) report for the first time that coelomocytes are able to reduce NBT dye and confirm the presence of lysozyme-like activity in earthworm; (2) develop a standard methodology for determination of NBT reduction and lysozyme-like activity in earthworms; (3) compare NBT reduction and lysozyme-like activity in earthworms with those of murine and human cells and fluids; and (4) demonstrate the sensitivity of earthworm NBT reduction and lysozyme-like activity as the assays using matrics in refuse-derived fuel fly ash (RDFF) and CuSO4.

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Yu, Shuo. "Bioaccumulation of Metals in Earthworms." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1259697144.

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Gift, Danielle Marie. "Earthworms in the Urban Environment: Can Population Augmentation Improve Urban Soil Properties?" Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34408.

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Urban forests perform essential ecological functions, and their performance is dependent on soil quality, which is often degraded by human activity. Because earthworms play a key role in soil health, augmenting earthworm populations in urban soils may improve tree performance. However, we know very little about earthworm ecology in highly urbanized soils. The objectives of our study were: (1) to assess earthworm demographics across a range of urban land uses and (2) to evaluate earthworm augmentation techniques for rehabilitating disturbed soils and improving tree growth. <ol><li> We conducte

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Hariri, Maryam Feili. "Morphological and Immunological Characterization of Earthworm Lumbricus terrestris Coelomocytes." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc798176/.

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This research defines the morphological characteristics of the immune cells, coelomocytes, of the earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris. Such a definition of coelomocyte morphology can be correlated with immune function which will be of value in the development of a nonmammalian surrogate system to assess the immunotoxic potential of a terrestrial xenobiotics. Earthworms exposed to artificial soil dilutions of two complex xenobiotic mixtures, refuse derived fuel fly ash and a Superfund sire soil demonstrated an enhanced ability to produce hemolytic factors.

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Buchheim, Caitlin M. "DIGESTION PROCESS IN LUBMRICUS TERRESTRIS ALTERS MICROBIAL ENZYME PRODUCTION AND SOIL NUTRIENTS." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1578657686503075.

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Simmons, Carla Stull. "Influence of copper on resistance of Lumbricus terrestris to bacterial challenge." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2602/.

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Earthworms, Lumbricus terrestris, were challenged orally and intracoelomically with two bacterial species, Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and mortality rates were observed. Neither were found to be particularly pathogenic at injected doses of up to 108 bacteria per earthworm. The influence of Cu++ (as CuSO4) on the earthworm's response to bacterial challenge was investigated by exposing earthworms to sublethal levels of Cu++ prior to bacterial challenge. Exposure at sublethal concentrations up to 3 m g/cm2 did not have a pronounced influence on host resistance to challenge

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Perreault, Jonathan M. "Casting activity of Lumbricid earthworms from temperate agroecosystems." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82405.

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Earthworms are well known for their casting and burrowing activities which improve soil structure and soil fertility. However, earthworm populations in temperate regions exhibit patchy distribution in space and time. This makes it difficult to predict how earthworm activities may influence paedogenesis and nutrient cycling processes at the ecosystem level. The main objective of this study was to determine the spatiotemporal dynamic of surface cast production of two earthworm species, Aporrectodea turgida and Lumbricus terrestris, on the row-interrow scale in a temperate soybean agroecos

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Ricketts, Huw John. "Molecular genetic biomarkers of reproductive fitness in earthworms." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2004. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55966/.

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When ecotoxicologists assess the environmental impact of pollution they must pose a fundamental question. That is, is the toxicological data produced from any experiment ecologically relevant It has long been thought that a measure of survival of any organism is not sufficient to predict potential population effects. A more sensitive method is the measurement of sub-lethal endpoints, such as growth and reproduction. However, measurement of these parameters may not give an 'early warning' of the impact of complex pollutants within any ecosystem. Therefore, so-called biomarkers have been develop

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Sizmur, Tom. "Impact of earthworms on metal mobility and availability." Thesis, University of Reading, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553168.

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To assess the risks that contaminated soils pose to the environment properly a greater understanding of how soil biota influence the mobility of metal(loid)s in soils is required. Experiments have been undertaken to determine if earthworms affect the mobility, speciation and bioavailability of metals in contaminated soils. The majority of experiments involved inoculating Lumbricus terrestris (but also Eisenia veneta, Allolobophora chlorotica and Eisenia fetida) in laboratory microcosms containing soils contaminated with As, Cu, Pb and Zn. Metal(loid) availability to plants and mobility measure

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Books on the topic "Earthworms"

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Holmes, Kevin J. Earthworms. Bridgestone Books, 1998.

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Carr, Aaron. Earthworms. AV2 by Weigl, 2014.

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J, Jennings Terry. Earthworms. Gloucester Press, 1988.

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Pigdon, Keith. Earthworms. Modern Curriculum Press, 1989.

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Henwood, Chris. Earthworms. F. Watts, 1988.

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Merrick, Patrick. Earthworms. Child's World, 1999.

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Llewellyn, Claire. Earthworms. F. Watts, 2002.

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Simon, Jane. Earthworms. Houghton Mifflin, 2004.

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Henwood, Chris. Earthworms. F. Watts, 1988.

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Pascoe, Elaine. Earthworms. Blackbirch Press, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Earthworms"

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Ruggiero, Gustavo Mantovani. "Earthworms." In Telemicrosurgery. Springer Paris, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0391-3_6.

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Vergara-Irigaray, Nuria, Michèle Riesen, Gianluca Piazza, et al. "Lumbricidae/Oligochaeta/Earthworms." In Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology. Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9751-4_100368.

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Walia, Sohan Singh, and Tamanpreet Kaur. "Earthworms and Vermicomposting." In Earthworms and Vermicomposting. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8953-9_1.

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Walia, Sohan Singh, and Tamanpreet Kaur. "Anatomy of Earthworms." In Earthworms and Vermicomposting. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8953-9_2.

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Scott-Fordsmand, Janeck J., and Jason M. Weeks. "Biomarkers in Earthworms." In Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1172-3_3.

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Walia, Sohan Singh, and Tamanpreet Kaur. "Harvesting of Vermicompost." In Earthworms and Vermicomposting. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8953-9_9.

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Walia, Sohan Singh, and Tamanpreet Kaur. "Importance of Application of Vermicompost in Cereal, Fruit and Vegetable Crops." In Earthworms and Vermicomposting. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8953-9_12.

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Walia, Sohan Singh, and Tamanpreet Kaur. "Conclusion." In Earthworms and Vermicomposting. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8953-9_14.

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Walia, Sohan Singh, and Tamanpreet Kaur. "Influence of Vermicompost on Soil Health." In Earthworms and Vermicomposting. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8953-9_8.

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Walia, Sohan Singh, and Tamanpreet Kaur. "Vermitechnology: History and Its Applications." In Earthworms and Vermicomposting. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8953-9_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Earthworms"

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Varma, S. Asha, Meghana Mangamuri, Anusha Kalagara, and Kezia Kurukanti. "Cloud-Based AIOT Soil Monitoring System for Earthworms." In 2024 9th International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icces63552.2024.10859922.

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Popović, Filip J., Tanja B. Trakić, Mirjana M. Stojanović, and Jovana M. Sekulić. "Abundance, species richness and diversity of earthworms (lumbricidae) in several habitats of the northern part of Jastrebac Mountain." In 2nd International Conference on Chemo and Bioinformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi23.280p.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of earthworms in different habitats (meadow, humid meadow, oak and beech forest). A total of nine earthworm species belonging to six genera were found in the studied habitats. In the studied habitats, the earthworm fauna was found to be different: the beech forest was richer in earthworms (6 taxa), while the oak forest was poorest in earthworms (3 taxa). The earthworm abundance was higher in the humid meadow (34 individuals), while was lower in the beech forest (17 individuals). A combination of the alpha diversity index (Shannon-Weaver, E

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Kniuipytė, Inesa, Marius Praspaliauskas, Jūratė Žaltauskaitė, and Austra Dikšaitytė. "Bioremediation Efficiency of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Using Earthworm Eisenia Fetida." In 11th International Conference “Environmental Engineering”. VGTU Technika, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2020.593.

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The amount of sewage sludge (SS) used in agriculture and forest plantations is constantly growing in EU. It’s known that even after various treatment methods some of contaminants still remain. The main risks of using SS in agriculture or forestry are related with hevy metals and organic pollutants content in SS. Heavy metals tend to acumu-late in the environment and living organisms and may cause different adverse effects. Bioremediation using earthworms can be used to eliminate or mitigate the threat of heavy metals. Bioremediation is cheaper, requiries less energy and is more environmentally

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Duan, Ming-hua, Dong-dong Guan, Ying-yuan Pei, Chang-long Zhou, Xin Pan, and Zhi-dong Qiu. "Earthworm living conditions and effects of earthworms on soil parameters." In 2015 International Conference on Industrial Technology and Management Science. Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/itms-15.2015.368.

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Berry, Edwin. "Earthworms in Agriculture." In Proceedings of the 1992 Crop Production and Protection Conference. Iowa State University, Digital Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/icm-180809-441.

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Purnawanto, Agus Mulyadi. "The Roles of Earthworms in Agroecosystem." In 2018 3rd International Conference on Education, Sports, Arts and Management Engineering (ICESAME 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/amca-18.2018.194.

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Kiyasudeen, K., F. N. Gonawan, M. H. Ibrahim, S. A. Ismail, and S. A. Muhammad. "Earthworms as plug flow reactors: An enzyme deactivation kinetic study along the gut of the earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae." In 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5117070.

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Zhang, Shu-Jie, Xing Liao, Xiao-Jia Hu, et al. "Earthworms Increased Rape Seed Yield and Colza Oil." In 2013 Third International Conference on Intelligent System Design and Engineering Applications (ISDEA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isdea.2012.151.

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Sekulić, Jovana, Tanja Trakić, and Vojin Cvijanović. "THE IMPACT OF INSECTICIDES ON EARTHWORMS: A REVIEW." In Global Challenges Through the Prism of Rural Development in the Sector of Agriculture and Tourism GIRR 2024. Academy of Applied Studies Šabac, 2025. https://doi.org/10.46793/girr25.189s.

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As the main factors for the increase agricultural productivity in the 20th century are considered insecticides. However, many insecticides are toxic not only to the target species, but also to non-target organisms, mainly due to physiological similarities between them. In recent years, numerous ecotoxicity studies have been carried out on aquatic and soil organisms. Among terrestrial invertebrates, Lumbricidae are one of the most important groups. They have great ecological, economic and social importance. They play key role in decomposition of organic matter along with microorganisms, are vit

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Shaarani, Shalyda Md, Noor Zalina Hashim, Zatul Iffah Mohd Arshad, et al. "Vermicomposting of landfill leachate using earthworms for biofertilizer production." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOSCIENCES AND MEDICAL ENGINEERING (ICBME2019): Towards innovative research and cross-disciplinary collaborations. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5125524.

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Reports on the topic "Earthworms"

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Keller, Adrienne Blair, and Stephen Dwight Handler. Non-native invasive earthworms in the Midwest and Eastern United States: a primer. USDA Northern Forests Climate Hub, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2024.8633529.ch.

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Prior to European settlement, earthworms were rare across most of the Midwest and Eastern United States. Currently, earthworms of European and Asian origin are invading this region with demonstrable effects on soil characteristics and ecosystem functions. This primer is an introduction to the distribution and ecological grouping of invasive earthworms in this region and their effects on soil properties, including soil carbon, and ecosystem biodiversity and vulnerability. Considerations for managing lands in light of earthworm disturbance are discussed

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Snider, Richard J., and Renate M. Snider. ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program: Soil Arthropods and Earthworms. Defense Technical Information Center, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada297182.

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James, Sam. Earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta) of the Columbia River basin assessment area. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-491.

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Dhakal, Rajendra, Shankar Neupane, Pragati Sipkhan, Kailash Bhatta, Oshin Sharma, and Ram Dev Shah. Vermiwash: A Low-Cost and Eco-Friendly Liquid Fertilizer. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2024. https://doi.org/10.53055/icimod.1075.

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The excessive use of chemical fertilizers in Nepalese agriculture threatens crop production and environmental health, adversely impacting soil, water quality, and human health. In this context, vermiwash emerges as an effective, cost-efficient, and organic alternative. Derived from the interaction of water with earthworms and organic waste, vermiwash serves as a nutrient-rich liquid fertilizer that enhances soil health, promotes plant growth, and boosts crop yields. The process of making vermiwash involves a double filtration system, where organic materials, cattle dung, and earthworms are use

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Wood, Hulton B., and Samuel W. James. Native and introduced earthworms from selected chaparral, woodland, and riparian zones in southern California. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-gtr-142.

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Phillips, Carlton T., and Randall S. Wentsel. Toxicity of Modified HL Simulant and Methyl Salicylate in Soil on Cucumbers and Earthworms. Defense Technical Information Center, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada266881.

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Johnson, David, Robert Boyd, Anthony Bednar, et al. Terrestrial fate and effects of nanometer-sized silver. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43800.

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Although engineered nanomaterials are active components in a wide variety of commercial products, there is still limited information related to the effects of these nanomaterials once released into the terrestrial environment. A high number of commercial applications use silver nanoparticles (nAg) due to its anti-microbial activity. This may be of concern for waste management since nAg could be applied to soil (e.g., biosolids) or disposed of in traditional landfills, which could lead to possible leaching into surrounding soil. This report aims to provide additional insight into the fate and e

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Stair, D. M. Jr, L. J. Keller, and T. W. Hensel. Sampling of resident earthworms using mustard expellant to evaluate ecological risk at a mixed hazardous and radioactive waste site. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/52803.

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Luis Cunha, Luis Cunha. Untangling the Volcanic Earthworm Genome. Experiment, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/6890.

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Shah, Sharvil, and Makarand Hastak. Acquisition and Analysis of Earthwork Pay Quantity Verification Data. Purdue University, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284313441.

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