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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ease of utilization

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Academic literature on the topic 'Ease of utilization'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Ease of utilization"

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Wang, Siran. "Silage Preparation, Processing and Efficient Utilization." Agriculture 15, no. 2 (2025): 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15020128.

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Pramudia, Teddy, and Gibbran Pratisara. "The influence of convenience, security, and risk perception on the usage of the Shopee application." Symposium of Literature, Culture, and Communication (SYLECTION) 2022 3, no. 1 (2023): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/sylection.v3i1.14002.

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The increased utilization of e-commerce applications such as Shopee has become a significant trend in electronic commerce. However, the factors influencing user behavior in adopting and using the Shopee application are not yet fully understood. Some users face concerns related to data misuse by irresponsible parties. This research aims to analyze the influence of ease of use, security, and risk perception on the utilization of the Shopee application. Risk perception and security are pivotal factors in users' decisions to engage in online transactions, while ease of use also plays an essential role in encouraging the use of e-commerce applications. This study employs a quantitative approach by gathering data through an online survey of active Shopee application users. The research sample will be randomly selected from various age groups and demographic backgrounds, with a total of 100 respondents to obtain representative results. The questionnaire instrument includes questions related to ease of use, security, risk perception, and Shopee application usage. Multiple Linear Regression analysis is utilized to analyze the data. The research findings show that ease of use and security have a significant and positive influence on Shopee usage, while risk perception has a significant and negative impact on the utilization of the Shopee application

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Wildoms, Sahusilawane, and Sarah Hiariey Lilian. "The Influence of Information Technology Toward Interest in Utilization of The Virtual Learning Environment." Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) 12, no. 3 (2018): 553–59. https://doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v12i3.5710.

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This research aims at examining the effect of Ease, Affect, Flexibility and Accessibility of information technology on utilizing virtual learning environment at Universitas Terbuka. The population of the research consists students of Bidikmisi scholarship in Non Basic Education program of Accounting that include of 145 respondents. The sampling method is purposive sampling with 141 eligible samples. The questionnaires are measured with Correlation and Multiple Regression analysis that covers descriptive statistics, reliability test and validity test. Classical Assumption Test which includes multcollinearity test is later conducted. Hypothesis testing and discussion are presented at the end. Result of research with t test or partially indicate that, variable of ease of use have positive relation and have significant influence to interest of utilization of virtual learning environment, t test result for accessibility variable have positive relation and no significant effect to interest of utilization of virtual learning environment. The result of the research on the affect variable has a positive relationship and has a significant effect on the interest of utilizing the virtual learning environment. While the flexibility variable shows have a negative relationship and no significant effect on the interest of utilization of virtual learning environment. 

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YAMANE, Takashi, and Kazumitsu CHUJO. "A cue utilization approach to ease of learning judgments during memory tasks." Japanese Journal of Cognitive Psychology 13, no. 2 (2016): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5265/jcogpsy.13.47.

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Jane, I. Tawagen. "Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: It's Familiarity, Utilization, and Acceptance to Elementary Mathematics Teachers." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) 9, no. 12 (2024): 422–43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14533440.

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The purpose of this study is to determine how the utilization of ICT-based tools enhances the skills of teachers, particularly in the context of pedagogy. The quantitative descriptive-correlation research design with cluster sampling was employed to satisfy the objectives of the study. The Pearson Correlation and Likert scale were employed to determine the level of Technology Acceptance and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge of Elementary Mathematics teachers. From the quantitative analysis of the data, findings showed that the popular software choices among Elementary Mathematics teachers across various categories are H5P for authoring softwares, while EndNote is the preferred reference management tool. Microsoft Office (Word) for desktop publishing, Video LAN Client for tutorial software, Kahoot 360 for educational games and zoom for video conferencing software. Elementary Mathematics teachers have a predominantly very low mean level of utilization for various software applications across different categories. It was also revealed that the level of elementary Mathematics teachers in Technology Acceptance of ICT usefulness is strongly acceptable. Furthermore, the level of Technology Acceptance of Ease of use disclosed that the respondents express an acceptance of its Ease of use in ICT utilization. Meanwhile, the overall level of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPCK) of the teachers is very high. On the other hand, the relationships between the level of utilization of ICT-Based tools and other software applications are classified as very weak. However, there is a weak relationship between Technology Acceptance level in terms of the usefulness of ICT and ease of use of ICT and TPCK. This correlation is not significant. Thus, the levels of Technology Acceptance in terms of usefulness and ease of use of ICT are closely related to the utilization of ICT in teaching. A strong TPCK foundation can help teachers maximize the potential of ICT in their classrooms, while the perceived usefulness and ease of use of ICT can contribute to the growth of TPCK. Provision of comprehensive training to elementary Mathematics teachers may address the perception of respondents on the usefulness of ICT and, administrator’s empowerment to effectively utilize ICT-based tools in their classrooms, ultimately enhancing teachers’ teaching pedagogy.

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Tenriwaru, Tenriwaru, Amiruddin Amiruddin, and Grace T. Pontoh. "The Impact of Behavior of Tax Inspection Report Application User on Tax Performance Approach Technology Acceptance Model(TAM) on Tax Office Madya Makassar." GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review 2, no. 3 (2014): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2014.2.3(6).

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Objective - This study aims to determine the impact of tax inspectors behavior observed of dimensional perception of convenience and expediency perception Tax Application Inspection Report (ALPP) on the performance of tax inspection on the Tax Office Madya Methodology/Technique - Methology usingMultiple linear regression analysis. The research data was obtained from questionnaires given to related parties in the KPP Madya from the examination and the public. Samples were obtained by the method of random sampling. Findings - Based on the total sample of 50 respondents obtained partial results of the study that each variable utilization and ease of use of ALPP significant effect on the performance of tax inspection with TAM approach. Simultaneously two independent variables (utilization and ease of use) has a significant effect on the performance of tax inspection. Novelty - The important role technology that affect the performance at the individual level are described in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The core of this model is to make information technology a positive impact on the individual performance of these technologies should be exploited and the technology must be in accordance with the type of work performed. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Utilization, Ease of useand Performanceof tax audits.

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Widodo, Romy Budhi, Kevin Christian Chandra, Teguh Oktiarso, Totok Chamidy, and Suhartono. "Utilization of Depth Camera to Ease Posture-Risk Assessment of Related Sitting Work." Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review 16, no. 3 (2023): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.25103/jestr.163.13.

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Defitri, Siska Yulia, Silvia Darawati, and Juita Sukraini. "IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN DAN TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN KEMENTRIAN AGAMA (SIMPATIKA): MENGGUNAKAN TAM MODEL." JURNAL ECONOMINA 1, no. 2 (2022): 347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.55681/economina.v1i2.71.

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This study aims to determine: (1) The effect of Perceived Ease of Use on the application of SIMPATIKA in Madrasas throughout the Solok District; (2). The Influence of Perception of Utilization on the application of SIMPATIKA in Madrasas throughout the Solok District; (3) The Influence of User Satisfaction Perception on the application of SIMPATIKA in Madrasas throughout the Solok District; (4) The effect of Perception of Ease of Use, Perception of Use and Perception of User Satisfaction simultaneously on the application of SIMPATIKA. This research was conducted at Madrasas in Kab. Solok MI level. MTs and MA. The data used are primary data. In this study using the philosophy of positivism with the Associative approach. The results showed that: (1) Perception of Ease of use had no effect on the application of SIMPATIKA in Madrasas in the District of Solok; (2) Perception of Utilization does not affect the application of SIMPATIKA in Madrasas in the District of Solok (3) Perception of User Satisfaction influences the Application of SIMPATIKA in Madrasas in the District of Solok (4) Perception of Ease of Use, Perception of Usage and Perception of User Satisfaction simultaneously affect the application of SIMPATIKA in Madrasas throughout the District..

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Sathish, K., and Raa Velmurugan. "Farmers Preference and Utilization of Power Weeder." E3S Web of Conferences 477 (2024): 00051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202447700051.

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This study is dedicated to exploring farmers’ perceptions of power weeders, a contemporary agricultural tool widely employed in diverse farming operations. It delves into the factors influencing farmers’ preferences for these machines and the tangible benefits they derive from incorporating them into their agricultural practices. To comprehensively capture farmers’ perspectives, the research employs qualitative data collection methods, such as in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Through these methods, the study aims to glean the subjective experiences and opinions of farmers, providing a rich and nuanced understanding of their attitudes towards power weeders. The collected data undergoes rigorous analysis utilizing diverse statistical tools, including simple percentage analysis, weighted average rank tests, and factor analysis. The findings of the study highlight several compelling reasons behind farmers’ inclination towards power weeders. Notably, the tool’s versatility emerges as a key factor, allowing it to be utilized across different crop types. Farmers express a strong preference for the ease of operation, low fuel consumption, and user-friendly features associated with power weeders. Additionally, government subsidies are identified as a significant motivating factor driving the widespread adoption of these tools among farmers. Moreover, the study sheds light on the array of benefits farmers experience through the utilization of power weeders. These advantages encompass the tool’s ease of manoeuvrability, its role as a versatile land transport mechanism, potential enhancements in overall productivity, and its suitability for a wide range of crops. In essence, the research provides a comprehensive exploration of farmers’ positive perceptions and the tangible advantages that drive their preference for integrating power weeders into modern agricultural practices.

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Widhiastuti, Ratieh, and Arief Yulianto. "Analysis of Technology Acceptance Model in Understanding of Students Behavior Intention in Use of Sikadu." Dinamika Pendidikan 12, no. 1 (2017): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/dp.v12i1.10583.

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The research aims to know the perception of students of ease use of Sikadu, the perception of students of usefulness use of Sikadu, and the impact of students perception of ease and usefulness of Sikadu. The approach of this research used quantitative research with descriptive analysis. Sample was students of Faculty of Economics, class of 2015 and 2016. The results of research indicates that students perception of the menu and display existing is easy to use in lecture activities up to the utilization of obtaining learning result information; students perception of the menu and display existing in Sikadu is very useful in lecturing activities up to the utilization of learning result information; the ease and usefulness in Sikadu encourages the students to use it although it is still rare used when it is seen from the frequency of using. Students mostly use it at the beginning and end of the semester; and the skill to operate computers. The need and demand to use Sikadu in academic administration becomes the main factors that encourage students to use Sikadu.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ease of utilization"

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Covington, Charles M. "The utilization of symbols and banners as aids to worship in a clinical setting." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.

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Spellman, Ann. "Physiological Constraints on Warm-Water Habitat Site Selection and Utilization by the Florida Manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in East Central Florida." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6360.

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Living at the northern limits of its geographic range, the Florida manatee is particularly susceptible to cold stress-related mortality during the winter months, with most deaths occurring in the lower two-thirds of the state. Contributing to this cold stress susceptibility is the manatee's limited physiological and behavioral responses available when thermally stressed. While capable of migrating south in response to falling water temperatures, manatees must still find warm water when ambient river temperature drops below 20°C for more than a few days. This is in part due to the species low metabolic rate, limited capacity for thermogenesis, and limited ability to raise its metabolic rate. Prolonged exposure to cold temperatures may result in cold stress syndrome, which involves a number of potentially life-threatening, if not fatal physiological changes. Survival during the winter months is therefore, dependent upon the manatee's ability to balance basic physiological needs, primarily the need to forage and to obtain fresh water with the need to stay warm. When identifying which animals are most susceptible and where, analyses of statewide manatee mortality records from 1996 through 2011 (n = 823) indicated that, size and location matter. Medium to large-sized calves accounted for the majority of documented death from cold stress (46.6%), while subadults and small calves were the least represented size classes (14.3 % and 9.5%, respectively). Adults slightly outnumbered subadults (15.8%). Males outnumbered females in all size classes but gender differences were not statistically significant. With regards to location, two areas of the state, the southwest and central east coasts showed the highest incidents of cold stress-related mortality. Both are regions with no primary, natural warm-water springs and whose principal warm-water refugia are power plant effluents. Brevard County on the central east coast is the area most at risk during cold weather events accounting for more than 25% of all cold stress deaths statewide. Warm-water sites within this region are few and relatively underrepresented in the literature in an area well-studied in terms of manatee abundance and distribution relative to the operational power plant. Results from cold stress data analyses emphasize the importance of identifying and characterizing the physical attributes of both known and suspected secondary warm-sites used by manatees in this region for both long and short term protection of the species, and its critical habitat. Three locations within Brevard County identified as passive thermal basins (PTBs), and classified as secondary warm-water sites, have been documented supporting in excess of 100 manatees on numerous occasions, and during winters of varying severity. Unique in physical appearance, distance to forage, hydrology including thermal profiles, and when it was used by manatees, each site challenged the accepted definitions and criteria of what constitutes an acceptable and appropriate warm-water site. Through analyses of photo-identification records, site fidelity at two of these warm-water sites, the Berkeley Canal and the Desoto Canal, was established for a minimum of 20 highly identifiable animals, 15 of which used adjacent sites within the same year, and 6 that used both sites but during different years. Observations of daily use patterns within the sites supported optimization of thermoregulation through adjustments in both vertical and horizontal movement, the latter of which seemed to follow the path of the sun. Manatees using the sites also made use of bottom sediment presumably to stay warm at all three locations. Temperature data indicated that water temperatures monitored in the sediment at secondary sites were some of the highest in the county. The predictable movements during all but the coldest weather fronts indicated that manatees utilized these sites during the early morning and afternoon hours when ambient river temperatures were coldest, gradually returning to the river to feed as ambient temperatures began to rise later in the afternoon. The availability of PTBs in proximity to primary warm-water sites within the region may provide an important component needed for manatees to successfully balance the need to forage with the need to stay warm by providing a network that allows for more efficient foraging while reducing exposure to sub-critical ambient river temperatures. The challenge of balancing the need to forage and to maintain homeostasis in the face of thermal stress is complex. This complexity was best approached and better understood through use of a manatee energetics model. The model was designed to facilitate simulation of an unlimited number of different case scenarios involving the exposure of virtually created manatees to a variety of winter conditions as might be experienced by real manatees in a natural system. Sixty-four different simulations were run using six virtual manatees of differing ages, gender, physical parameters, and knowledge of warm-water sites. Simulations were conducted using actual winter water temperature data from Brevard secondary sites and the ambient river from both a mild and a severe winter season. Outcomes, measured as changes in physical parameters indicative of body condition (i.e. mass, percent body fat, blubber depth, girths, etc.), showed that all else being equal, calves in the 2 year-old range fared poorly in all scenarios when compared to individuals of larger size. Subadults fared better than larger adults. This outcome illustrates the complex relationship between size, energy requirements and the synergistic effects of body mass, body fat and blubber thickness on SA:V ratio. Model outcomes agree closely with manatee cold stress mortality analyses predicting that medium to large-sized calves are most susceptible to CS, followed by adults, then subadults. Because all models are simplifications of complex systems, the manatee energetics model is not without its flaws and limitations. The current version of the model could not predict the point at which cold stress mortality would occur. However, a cold stress warning system incorporated into the design alerts the user if potential CSS is likely based on changing physical parameters. Another limitation was the inability of the model to account for the behavioral plasticity of individual subjects since virtual manatees respond to water temperatures based on the user defined rules. A number of additional limitations related to gaps in existing manatee data the gaps were identified and defined. Despite these gaps, the model is designed to allow for incorporation of additional interactions, feedback loops and relevant data as it becomes available and as additional physiological interactions and energy requirements are more clearly defined. Sensitivity analyses, a feature of the model that allowed for modifications in a number of physical as well as environmental parameters, provided an otherwise unlikely opportunity to see how incremental changes in input values, specifically the starting values for mass, percent body fat and blubber depth affected the model's outcome. Ultimately the goal of the model was to facilitate a better understanding of complex relationships by challenging our preconceived understanding of the manatee and its environment.<br>Ph.D.<br>Doctorate<br>Biology<br>Sciences<br>Conservation Biology; Applied Conservation Biology Track

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Acar, Berkan. "An Analysis On The Utilization Of Energy And Exergy In Turkey A Thesis Submitted To The Graduate School Of Natural And Applied Sciences Of Middle East Technical University By Berkan Acar In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For The Degree." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609898/index.pdf.

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Today, energy has become one of the most indispensable necessities in the world. Most of the wars and the disputes between the countries have been arising because of the increasing scarcity of energy resources. Therefore, like most country, Turkey has also started to develop new energy policies for more efficient production and utilization of energy. In order to help the understanding of more efficient energy utilization, so far there have been some researches made about energy and exergy (available energy) utilization efficiencies of Turkey with the viewpoint of the quality of energy. In this study, it is aimed to examine energy system of Turkey by computing energy and exergy utilization efficiencies between 1990 and 2006 using the first and the second laws of thermodynamics. The utility sector energy efficiencies are found to range from 41% to 47% and the exergy efficiencies to range from 42% and 48% between 1990 and 2006. The energy efficiencies of the end use sectors of Turkey , namely Industrial, Transportation, Agricultural and Residential-Commercial sectors, are respectively 62%, 22%, 27% and 55% on the average with respect to years. On the other hand, their average exergy efficiencies are 33%, 23%, 27% and 7% between the examined years. The total end use energy and exergy efficiencies are 49% and 21% on the average. Overall energy efficiencies of Turkey range between 37% and 41%, whereas overall exergy efficiencies range between 16% and 17%. Within all the sectors, Residential&ndash<br>Commercial sector is found as the sector having the highest exergetic improvement potential.

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Maxwell, R. M. Tompson A. F. B. Richardson J. H. El-Naser H. Rihani J. F. F. Subah A. El Sha'r W. A. Al-Hadidi Khair Al-Awamleh M. Al-Foqaha M. Abu-Eid O. Hayyaneh R. A. "Experiential Education in Groundwater Hydrology Bridging the Technical-Policy-Populace Gap Final Report." Washington, D.C : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : United States. Dept. of Energy ; distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2003. http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/15006124-edMhAR/native/.

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Thesis; Thesis information not provided; 17 Jul 2003.<br>Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information. "UCRL-LR-154423" Maxwell, R M; Tompson, A F B; Richardson, J H; El-Naser, H; Rihani, J. F F; Subah, A.; El Sha'r, W A; Al-Hadidi, Khair; Al-Awamleh, M; Al-Foqaha, M; Abu-Eid, O; Hayyaneh, R A. 07/17/2003. Report is also available in paper and microfiche from NTIS.

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張惠華. "The Medical Services Utilization of South East Foreign Spouses in Taipei County." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37138716749061246712.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>衛生教育學系<br>94<br>A procedure is based on Andersen’s Behavior Model of Health Cara Utilization and Behavior Model for Vulnerable Population, this study investigated the medical services utilization behavior of south east foreign spouses in Taipei county, and explored the relationships among predisposing characteristics, enabling resources, need and environment factors and the medical services utilization. By using a simple sampling method, 276 subjects were surveyed with self-administrated questionnaires. The main findings of present study were as follows: 1. Utilization of medical services: when feel uncomfortable,76.8% of south east foreign spouses utilized western medicine . In the past year, health check up were the most be utilized. In the past 1 month, western medicine clinic were the most be utilized .After inhabited in Taiwan, treatment for sunstroke by scraping the patient’s neck or back were most be utilized. 2. In predisposing characteristics, the subject「nationality」 had statistically significant difference in the dental specialist clinic and bought medicine at pharmacy. The subject「age」had statistically significant difference in delivery. The subject「structure of family」had statistically significant difference in prenatal examination. The subject 「spouse’s work」had statistically significant difference in protection shot. The subjects「education of original country」and「local language」had statistically significant difference in health check up. The subject「acclimatise to life」had statistically significant difference in Chinese medicine clinic and dental specialist clinic. 3. In enabling resources factor, The subject「the time of see a doctor」had statistically significant in emergency treatment. 4. In need factor, the subjects「perception of own health status」had statistically significant difference in protection shot and western medicine clinic. 5. In environment factor, the subject「translators」had statistically significant difference in prenatal examination. 6. The best predictive variables for the utilization of medical services are perception of own health status, health problems and the structure of family. From these findings, related suggestion for medical services of south east foreign spouses were government should set up telephone service in mother tongue and improve to collaborate with department of education in order to provide better service quality and ensure the equality of right in health care service and health education.

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"Translocation, homing behavior and habitat utilization of oil platform-associated groundfishes in the east Santa Barbara Channel, California." CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, LONG BEACH, 2010. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1472259.

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Mugangavari, Beaulah. "Exploring the potential of sustainable utilisation of the baobab tree (Adansonia digitata) to improve food security. A case study of the south-east lowveld of Zimbabwe." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26198.

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The baobab tree represents a major contribution to rural communities of the south-east lowveld of Zimbabwe. The livelihood base of the study area was largely rain-fed subsistence farming whose production has declined due to frequent droughts. Harvesting of baobab tree products; leaves, fruits and bark fibre, has prospered due to poverty. These products are harvested for food, medicinal use, cash and animal harness. A mixed method approach on collection of data was employed through questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, 48-hour dietary recall and Household Food Insecurity Access Prevalence (HFIAP) template. Sixty-eight households from Wengezi and Gudyanga communities participated in this study. All the respondents from the study area indicated they were involved in using baobab products in one way or the other. According to the information collected by the HFIAP template, 76% of the households were moderate to severe food insecure. Baobab bark harvesting was common in the Gudyanga and harvesters were aware of sustainable way of harvesting it. Value-addition on baobab fruit pulp to make ice-lollies and seeds roasted to produce a coffee substitute was practised by youth projects with the help of a non-governmental organisation. Ninety-five percent of the households in the study area were in support of the idea of possible baobab tree commercial cultivation in the community. The support was in anticipation of job opportunities and reduced food insecurity.<br>Agriculture and  Animal Health<br>M. Sc. (Agriculture)

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Kuo, Shu-Fen, and 郭淑芬. "Application of Andersen Model to Verify Utilization of Maternal and Child’s Preventive Care Among South-East Asian Immigrant Women in Taiwan: Influence of Acculturation and Associated Factors." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99653954291814866782.

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Krombholz, Max Lukas. "Performance of farm trees in farming systems in Mubende district, Uganda." Bachelor's thesis, 2018. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A31171.

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The research of this thesis will focus on the performance of farm forestry trees in Mubende district, Uganda. In order to this, the research will help to fill the existing knowledge gap on the performance of farm forestry trees of east Africa specially Uganda. The conducted tree species are Markhamia lutea, Ficus natalensis, Mangifera indica, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Anitaris toxicaria, Persea americana, Albizia coriaria and Spathodea campanulata. The selection of the trees was mainly driven through the availability of age information. The trees were measured in height, age, DBH, length of commercial stem, diameter at specific height and visual observations e.g. occurrence and stem quality. To compare the performance of the conducted tree species a regression analysis with eight different functions was carried out for each tree species. The results are reproducible Stand- Height-Curves, height curves, DBH curves and curves for the single tree volume. The decision on the best curve was made on their biological plausibility and their statistical calculations. Additionally, the farmers of the trees were interviewed about their tree species for e.g. purposes of the tree, value of the wood and their own impressions on the growth of the tree species. The recommendation for the best applicable function is the Petterson function for the Stand-Height- Curve and the function of Richards for the height-, DBH- and single tree volume curve. Still these functions shouldn’t be used without comparison to other functions, especially because the used functions were developed for tree stand conditions and not specially for agroforestry conditions were the tree growth is in general higher. Additionally, an upscaling and prediction of the monetary tree values is made on the basis of the single tree volume curves and the interview results. The prediction of the farmers possible income through the cultivation of trees is made for Markhamia lutea, Ficus natalensis, Anitaris toxicaria and Albizia coriaria and assumes that 100 trees are planted on one hectare. Albizia coriaria 3.630 € achieves the highest possible extra income for the farmer followed by Ficus natalensis with 1.300 €, Anitaris toxicaria with 910€ and Markhamia lutea with 880 €. This thesis gives an example on the performance and possible monetary value of tree species in Mubende district, Uganda. Further investigation is needed to fill the knowledge gap in the performance of east African tree species and their values completely. Keywords: performance, tree growth, utilization, Uganda, East-Africa

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Books on the topic "Ease of utilization"

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Mathison, Rhonda M. East Texas harvest and utilization study, 2008. United States Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2009.

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Mathison, Rhonda M. East Texas harvest and utilization study, 2008. United States Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2009.

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N, Sarojam, and Bamboo Information Centre-India, eds. Bamboos of South and South-East Asia: An annotated bibliography. Bamboo Information Centre-India, Kerala Forest Research Institute, 1996.

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Hartwiger, Heidi. A gift of herbs: How to make easy, inexpensive and thoughtful gifts using herbs. Down Home Press, 1993.

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Thorne, P. J. Maize as food, feed, and fertiliser in intensifying crop-livestock systems in East and southern Africa: An ex ante impact assessment of technology interventions to improve smallholder welfare. International Livestock Research Institute, 2002.

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COCOBOD Conference for Promotion of Local Consumption of Cocoa Products (1st 2005 Legon, Ghana). 1st COCOBOD Conference for Promotion of Local Consumption of Cocoa Products and 24th Biennial Conference of the Ghana Science Association: Theme, Maximizing the benefits of the Cocoa tree : venue, Erata hotel, East Legon, and Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration, (GIMPA), Legon, date, Monday, 1st, Thursday, 4th August 2005 : programme and book of abstracts. Ghana Science Association, 2005.

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Thomas, Allan E. Utilization of lichens by pronghorn antelope in three valleys in east-central Idaho. Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office, 1992.

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International Finger Millet Stakeholder Workshop (1st 2005 Nairobi, Kenya). Finger millet blast management in East Africa: Creating opportunities for improving production and utilization of finger millet. Edited by Mgonja M. A and International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, 2007.

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Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS., ed. InfoDev: Facilitating communications in response to HIV/AIDS in South-east Asia. UNAIDS, 2001.

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National Seminar on Traditional Knowledge Base on Herbal Medicines and Plant Resources of North-East India--Protection, Utilization and Conservation (2001 Gauhati, India). Ethnomedicine of North-East India: Proceedings of National Seminar on Traditional Knowledge Base on Herbal Medicines and Plant Resources of North-East India-Protection, Utilization and Conservation, 13-15 March 2001, Guwahati, Assam. Edited by Gian Singh, Singh H. B, Mukherjee T. K. Dr, and National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (New Delhi, India). National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ease of utilization"

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Ganz, Steffen, Hannes Pasqualini, Isacco Chiaf, Jan Kliewer, and Martin Burkhard. "Design: How We Attempted to Attract Users in Optics, Haptics, and Ease of Utilization." In Advanced Technologies and Societal Change. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00678-9_6.

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Hoffmann, Martin W., Rainer Drath, and Christopher Ganz. "Proposal for requirements on industrial AI solutions." In Machine Learning for Cyber Physical Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62746-4_7.

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AbstractThe rise of artificial intelligence (AI) promises productivity gains in industrial practice. While IT technology offers a variety of technological advances, plant owners strive for stability and robustness of the production process. To overcome this tension field, we propose a set of 16 requirements for the development of industrial AI solutions to foster i) the adaptation process, ii) support the solution engineering and iii) ease the embedding into the existing system landscape while respecting iv) safety aspects to build up v) trust into industrial AI solutions. The proposed requirements can guide industrial stakeholders to focus on the right solution approach for specific production challenges and support them in voicing their own needs towards novel AI solutions. This will help AI developers to speed up time-to-market as well as to increase market acceptance of industrial AI solutions. Overall, specifying requirements on industrial AI will foster the acceptance and utilization rates of AI solutions in industrial practice.

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Lehmann, Alexander A., Diana R. Roen, Zoltán Megyesi, and Paul V. Lehmann. "Reagent Tracker™ Platform Verifies and Provides Audit Trails for the Error-Free Implementation of T-Cell ImmunoSpot® Assays." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer US, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3690-9_7.

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AbstractELISPOT and FluoroSpot assays, collectively called ImmunoSpot assays, permit to reliable detection of rare antigen-specific T cells in freshly isolated cell material, such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Establishing their frequency within all PBMC permits to assess the magnitude of antigen-specific T-cell immunity; the simultaneous measurement of their cytokine signatures reveals these T-cells’ lineage and effector functions, that is, the quality of T-cell-mediated immunity. Because of their unparalleled sensitivity, ease of implementation, robustness, and frugality in PBMC utilization, T-cell ImmunoSpot assays are increasingly becoming part of the standard immune monitoring repertoire. For regulated workflows, stringent audit trails of the data generated are a requirement. While this has been fully accomplished for the analysis of T-cell ImmunoSpot assay results, such are missing for the wet laboratory implementation of the actual test performed. Here we introduce a solution for enhancing and verifying the error-free implementation of T-cell ImmunoSpot assays.

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Chu, F. D., T. Omholt, and M. O’Keefe. "East River Development Project." In Ocean Space Utilization ’85. Springer Japan, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68284-4_39.

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Becza, Noémi, Zhigang Liu, Jack Chepke, Xing-Huang Gao, Paul V. Lehmann, and Greg A. Kirchenbaum. "Assessing the Affinity Spectrum of the Antigen-Specific B Cell Repertoire via ImmunoSpot®." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer US, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3690-9_13.

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AbstractThe affinity distribution of the antigen-specific memory B cell (Bmem) repertoire in the body is a critical variable that defines an individual’s ability to rapidly generate high-affinity protective antibody specificities. Detailed measurement of antibody affinity so far has largely been confined to studies of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and are laborious since each individual mAb needs to be evaluated in isolation. Here, we introduce two variants of the B cell ImmunoSpot® assay that are suitable for simultaneously assessing the affinity distribution of hundreds of individual B cells within a test sample at single-cell resolution using relatively little labor and with high-throughput capacity. First, we experimentally validated that both ImmunoSpot® assay variants are suitable for establishing functional affinity hierarchies using B cell hybridoma lines as model antibody-secreting cells (ASC), each producing mAb with known affinity for a defined antigen. We then leveraged both ImmunoSpot® variants for characterizing the affinity distribution of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific ASC in PBMC following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. Such ImmunoSpot® assays promise to offer tremendous value for future B cell immune monitoring efforts, owing to their ease of implementation, applicability to essentially any antigenic system, economy of PBMC utilization, high-throughput capacity, and suitability for regulated testing.

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Boonman, Joseph G. "Elephantgrass utilization." In East Africa’s grasses and fodders: Their ecology and husbandry. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8224-7_13.

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Tachibana, Satoshi, and Shin Nagata. "Impacts of South-East Asian Log Export Ban Policies on Japanese Plywood Market." In Global Concerns for Forest Resource Utilization. Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-6397-4_22.

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Turan, Ilter. "Regional Organization for Water Utilization in the Middle East." In The Role of Regional Organizations in the Context of Climate Change. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85026-4_11.

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Turan, Ilter. "Regional Organization for Water Utilization in the Middle East." In The Role of Regional Organizations in the Context of Climate Change. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-85026-4_31.

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Yousurbekov, N. R. "Uzbekistan and its Scientific Potential for the Utilization of its Natural Resources." In East-West Technology Transfer. Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0151-3_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ease of utilization"

1

Procopio, Leo. "The Evolution of Waterborne Acrylic Protective Coatings." In Coatings+ 2020. SSPC, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2020-00048.

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Abstract Protective coatings based on waterborne acrylic technology have been used in the design, construction and maintenance of commercial and industrial structures for over four decades, and the types of applications where they are used, their formulation, and performance have evolved during that time period. Driven by the ability to meet environmental regulations, their ease of use, and improvements in performance, the utilization of waterborne acrylics has also grown over the years. This paper will take a look both backward and forward in time to see how far waterborne acrylics have advanced, the challenges overcome and remaining to be conquered, and some predictions on where the technology is headed. This objective will be accomplished through a retrospective examination of lab and field studies over steel, concrete and other substrates to demonstrate how the evolution of raw materials and formulations have led to improved performance and environmental profiles in current state-of-the-art products, as well as a discussion of new developments and what they mean for the future of waterborne acrylic protective coatings.

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Son, Adelina J., and Jayant Chakravarty. "Analysis of Residual Corrosion Inhibitors by Fluorescence and Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry." In CORROSION 1996. NACE International, 1996. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1996-96344.

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Abstract The paper describes the development of a fully automated instrumental procedure for testing residual corrosion inhibitors in production waters in the field. Initial investigations were conducted in the laboratory to evaluate the suitability of ultraviolet and fluorescence spectrophotometric techniques to different types of corrosion inhibitors. Parameters for comparison included selectivity, sensitivity, speed, accuracy and precision of the methods under flowing conditions as in high performance liquid chromatography and static conditions as encountered in stand alone instruments. For the field, the number of personnel, technical experience and proximity of the district laboratory to the various leases were additional factors that were considered. The laboratory evaluations showed that fluorescence is more suitable for the field application because errors from high salinity, contamination and matrix effect are minimized in fluorescence analysis. Although the development work included most of the nitrogen-containing corrosion inhibitors (quaternary amines, imidazolines, amides, etc.), the procedure for quaternary amines is used as the example and presented in detail. Comparison of the automated fluorescence technique to the classic extraction/dye transfer technique showed the definite advantages of the former with respect to ease, speed, accuracy and precision. To the supplier, the new procedure has resulted in more timely and lower cost of analysis, more efficient utilization of field personnel, elimination of environmental and safety hazards and improved morale.

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Byun, Chansup, Albert Reuther, Julie Mullen, et al. "LLload: An Easy-to-Use HPC Utilization Tool." In 2024 IEEE High Performance Extreme Computing Conference (HPEC). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/hpec62836.2024.10938510.

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Strachan, Steve. "Buried Ultrasonic Sensors for Midstream Asset-Integrity Corrosion Monitoring." In CORROSION 2021. AMPP, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2021-16499.

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Abstract In response to new Pipeline & Hazardous Material Safety Administration (PHMSA) and Department of Transportation (DOT) regulations asking owner/operators to be more diligent in ‘monitoring’ their assets due to internal and external pipeline corrosion. Many operators are using both wired and wireless ultrasonic sensors for both buried and above ground assets between regularly scheduled in-line inspections (ILI). By doing so, operators are able glean important wall thickness data, which they otherwise wouldn’t have without incurring significant costs from excavation, mass screenings such as ILI, etc. In addition, these operators can now use this data to map corrosion rates based on operational activity, mechanical activities, cleanings, chemical inhibitor utilization, etc. All of which help to paint the asset integrity and health of the asset under consideration which can extend its life of keep from leaks, spills, or other events. The ease of deployment coupled with the durability and flexibility of the different sensor platforms is allowing single point, multi-point, or area monitoring of critical asset locations to be monitored to allow operators to maintain their normal inspection intervals. Sensors are being deployed predominately for two different scenarios: New Construction: For areas which have been identified as low spots or potential troublesome locations during pipeline plotting.Asset Integrity Monitoring: For areas which have been identified by smart pigs or ILI. If a section has leaked or is in need of fix, sleeve, or repair, sensors are installed in the area where the asset failed previously. For pitting or ‘low spots’ which have been identified by the mass screening, sensors are placed on the areas which are marked to monitor the anomaly. This allows the asset owner to keep regularly scheduled ILIs as they are monitoring these low spots between inspections.Effectiveness of Mechanical or Chemical Cleaning: Using readily available corrosion data to confirm the presence/mitigation of corrosion activity at different locations along the asset. Essentially saving time and money by confirming, “Am I cleaning too much, or not enough?” or “Am I using enough (or the proper) chemical inhibitor, or too little?” In any of the above examples, these sensors can provide critical data around episodic or gradual ware of the asset due to microbiologically induced corrosion, chemical inhibitor effectiveness, and frequency of required cleaning. This paper will cover the sensor technology, deployment, and case studies around how the technology has helped owner/operators better protect their critical midstream assets.

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Peng, Huai-De, Yi-Shen Chen, Tseng-Yi Chen, and Yuan-Hao Chang. "PULSE: Progressive Utilization of Log-Structured Techniques to Ease SSD Write Amplification in B-epsilon-tree." In ASPDAC '25: 30th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference. ACM, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1145/3658617.3697561.

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Mayer, Philip, and Alexander Bauer. "An empirical analysis of the utilization of multiple programming languages in open source projects." In EASE '15: 19th International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering. ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2745802.2745805.

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Khan, Awaiz, Edmundo Rubio, and Bradley Icard. "Point-of-Care Viscosity Surrogate Measurement Through Utilization of Smartphone Sensors and Custom 3D Printed Design." In 2020 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2020-9004.

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Abstract This project sought to develop a method to provide a clinically meaningful, surrogate measure for viscosity that will help analyze complex biofluids. Goals for this project included precise measurements that differentiate a wide variety of standard viscosities, table-top level of size, and ease-of-use. The design utilized a custom 3D-printed analog of a cone and plate viscometer with an attachment for a smartphone to provide gyroscopic data. The device is currently in the stages of final validation and will ultimately be tested in a 40-patient clinical trial intended to assess efficacy of mucolytic therapy in mechanically ventilated patients.

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Gongora-Rubio, Mario, Jorge J. Santiago-Aviles, Luis Sola-Laguna, and Michael Smith. "Integrated LTCC Coils for Multiple Applications in Meso-Electro-Mechanical Systems." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0266.

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Abstract Often the designer of small electro-mechanical systems is willing to sacrifice small size and power consumption for the sake of low cost, ease of processing and enhanced yield. We have been working on the utilization of Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic tapes (LTCC) for the implementation of intermediate scale (meso-scale) devices with the simultaneously or secondary task of micro-electronic packaging. We have designed and implemented several sensors and actuators having in common the utilization of electro-magnetic forces and interactions as the fundamental working mechanism. For this purpose we have designed and constructed a series of coils utilizing LTCC tapes suitable for multiple sensing and actuating tasks. As sensors, we have implemented a proximity sensor and a non-contact displacement sensor and a differential pressure sensor with a ferrofluidic core. As actuators we have implemented a normally closed valve and a Joule effect heater.

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Maher, Manar, Muhammad Syafruddin, Nagaraju Reddicharla, et al. "Strengthening Digital Transformation of Rigless Well Intervention Through ROSE Platform, Driven by Well-Planned Strategy and Business Objective Alignment." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/216976-ms.

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Abstract Rigless well work intervention is at the forefront of field production cycle that integrates production optimization, reservoir monitoring plan (RMP), well maintenance, and well integrity. It is imperative that the oilfield provides efficient rig less planning, monitoring, and optimization, despite of dynamic challenges of field operation, that non only ease the business workflow but also attract opportunities, improve resources utilization, and optimize operational cost. To this end, the integrated online platform of rigless operation schedule entry (ROSE) provides a collaborative access for all stakeholder to streamline planning and scheduling of rigless activities and resources. Rigless well planning was traditionally conducted in manual basis using an excel spreadsheet. Without data integration, well input was sourced in scattered from different data bases that requires significant man hours to develop the plan. Furthermore, an extra effort is exerted to adjust or revise the plan and not easy for tracking and optimization. Progress or actual reports were communicated in email or shared folder to concerned stakeholders i.e., Development, Operation, and Well Integrity that is deemed not practical. ROSE is developed as digital solution where all rigless activities and resources are synchronized in one platform, provide all stakeholders an easy access and data extracting. ROSE also facilitates an automated well recommendation as a feed of rigless scheduling from RMP automation, PIES business plan, and well integrity workload. The integrated online platform of rigless operation schedule entry (ROSE) has been built to integrate rigless well plan, provides collaborative input and enhance rigless packages utilization. The platform provides user friendly features to initiate, revise, and optimize the well plan. ROSE proves an improvement of 20% in rigless package utilization by rigless operation clustering that translates to potential cost saving $1.2MM per year for an asset. In addition, it generates an automated report feeding to several business performance KPIs. The platform streamlines communication workflow which reduces emails and reminders and saves thousands of manhours spent in manual scheduling that otherwise can be allocated to other essential well operations. Development of ROSE is driven by the philosophy of do more with less with data integration and collaborative work at the core of its development. The platform is maintained simple with an easy interface for user to develop rigless well work plan. Yet, the system provides high visibility of overall rigless plan throughout the year and support realization of well operational business plan.

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McMurry, Joseph H., Thomas B. Keefer, and Lorenzo Previsani. "Marine Gas Turbine Propulsion System Controls: An Integrated Approach." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-50858.

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A typical marine gas turbine propulsion system installation consists of separate controls for not only the gas turbine but also the ship systems, reduction gearbox, water jet and exhaust system. Advantages in reduced complexity, lower weight, ease of installation/maintenance and reduced cost of ownership can be achieved by minimizing the quantity of individual subsystem controls. An integrated gas turbine control (ITC) panel has been successfully designed, developed, installed, commissioned and delivered to a private luxury yacht owner over a 12-month period. The design and development phase of the project brought together a multi-discipline team of engineers to establish the requirements for the ITC. A development ITC was fabricated and tested to evaluate the system performance that included offline simulation in addition to actual gas turbine engine performance testing in a test cell. A key design feature of the ITC is the utilization of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware for the major control system components. This is in contrast to the typical non-integrated control systems used in past gas turbine control applications which utilized a purpose built, embedded processor system architecture. The use of COTS hardware in this design provides for literally millions of hours of operating experience of the equipment design even in advance of the initial simulation and evaluation testing. It also lends itself to ease of field troubleshooting and subcomponent replacement with readily available hardware. Accommodation for unforeseen system modifications were readily achieved through the ease of programming modifications. This paper describes in detail the conception, design, development, evaluation, testing and installation of the aforementioned ITC.

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Reports on the topic "Ease of utilization"

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Gregory, Alexander, Jared Lopes, Krystyna Powell, and Safra Altman. Beneficial use of dredged material in the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway : approaching the regulatory process. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48553.

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Following the Chief of Engineer’s January 2023 goal to expand the beneficial use of dredged material (BUDM), the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) strives to apply new and creative ways to increase utilization of dredged materials from a historic 30%–40% to 70% by 2030. As USACE Savannah District (SAS) increases BUDM efforts, a critical component of this transition is understanding and navigating the regulatory requirements. This Technical Note outlines the regulatory process for placement of dredged material in Georgia, identifies challenges and institutional barriers, and offers potential solutions to streamlining the overall process. By increasing the ease of navigating the regulatory process, USACE can facilitate an increase in BUDM and Engineering With Nature® (EWN®) projects in Georgia, and potentially other projects employing nature-based solutions (NBS). While regulatory details may vary from state to state, the Georgia example presented here can serves as a road map for the general types of regulatory procedures and potential hurdles found nationwide.

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Sarofim, Samer. Developing an Effective Targeted Mobile Application to Enhance Transportation Safety and Use of Active Transportation Modes in Fresno County: The Role of Application Design & Content. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2013.

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This research empirically investigates the need for, and the effective design and content of, a proposed mobile application that is targeted at pedestrians and cyclists in Fresno County. The differential effect of the proposed mobile app name and colors on the target audience opinions was examined. Further, app content and features were evaluated for importance and the likelihood of use. This included design appeal, attractiveness, relevance, ease of navigation, usefulness of functions, personalization and customization, message recipients’ attitudes towards message framing, and intended behaviors related to pedestrian, cyclist, and motorist traffic safety practices. Design mobile application features tested included image aesthetics, coherence and organization, and memorability and distinction. Potential engagement with the mobile app was assessed via measuring the users’ perceived enjoyment while using the app. The behavioral intentions to adopt the app and likelihood to recommend the app were assessed. The willingness to pay for purchasing the app was measured. This research provided evidence that a mobile application designed for pedestrians and cyclists is needed, with high intentions for its adoption. Functions, such as Safety Information, Weather Conditions, Guide to Trails, Events for Walkers and Bikers, and Promotional Offers are deemed important by the target population. This research was conducted in an effort to increase active transportation mode utilization and to enhance the safety of vulnerable road users. The public, city administrators, transportation authorities, and policy makers shall benefit from the results of this study by adapting the design and the features that are proposed in this research and were found appealing and useful for the target vulnerable road user groups. The need of the proposed mobile application and its main functions are established, based on the results of this research, which propagates further steps of implementation by city administrators and transportation authorities.

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Mathison, Rhonda M., James W. Bentley, and Tony G. Johnson. East Texas harvest and utilization study, 2008. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-rb-160.

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Cooper, Jason A., and James W. Bentley. East Oklahoma harvest and utilization study, 2008. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-rb-190.

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Cooper, Jason A., James W. Bentley, James A. Gray, and David J. Wall. East Texas harvest and utilization study, 2014. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-rb-214.

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Mathison, Rhonda M., James W. Bentley, and Tony G. Johnson. East Texas harvest and utilization study, 2008. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-rb-160.

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Cooper, Jason A., and James W. Bentley. East Oklahoma harvest and utilization study, 2008. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-rb-190.

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Cooper, Jason A., James W. Bentley, James A. Gray, and David J. Wall. East Texas harvest and utilization study, 2014. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/srs-rb-214.

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Dudley, Lynn M., Uri Shani, and Moshe Shenker. Modeling Plant Response to Deficit Irrigation with Saline Water: Separating the Effects of Water and Salt Stress in the Root Uptake Function. United States Department of Agriculture, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586468.bard.

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Standard salinity management theory, derived from blending thermodynamic and semi- empirical considerations leads to an erroneous perception regarding compensative interaction among salinity stress factors. The current approach treats matric and osmotic components of soil water potential separately and then combines their effects to compute overall response. With deficit water a severe yield decrease is expected under high salinity, yet little or no reduction is predicted for excess irrigation, irrespective of salinity level. Similarly, considerations of competition between chloride and nitrate ions have lead to compensation hypothesis and to application of excess nitrate under saline conditions. The premise of compensative interaction of growth factors behind present practices (that an increase in water application alleviates salinity stress) may result in collateral environmental damage. Over-irrigation resulting in salinization and elevated ground water threatens productivity on a global scale. Other repercussions include excessive application of nitrate to compensate for salinity, unwillingness to practice deficit irrigation with saline water, and under-utilization of marginal water. The objectives for the project were as follows: 1) To develop a database for model parameterization and validation by studying yield and transpiration response to water availability, excessive salinity and salt composition. 2) To modify the root sink terms of an existing mechanism-based model(s) of water flow, transpiration, crop yield, salt transport, and salt chemistry. 3) To develop conceptual and quantitative models of ion uptake that considers the soil solution concentration and composition. 4) To develop a conceptual and quantitative models of effects of NaCl and boron accumulation on yield and transpiration. 5) To add a user interface to the water flow, transpiration, crop yield, salt transport, chemistry model to make it easy for others to use. We conducted experiments in field plots and lysimeters to study biomass production and transpiration of com (Zeamays cv. Jubilee), melon (Cucumismelo subsp. melo cv. Galia), tomato (Lycopersiconesculentum Mill. cv. 5656), onion (Alliumcepa L. cv. HA 944), and date palms (Phoenix Dactylifera L. cv. Medjool) under salinity combined with water or with nitrate (growth promoters) or with boron (growth inhibitor). All factors ranged from levels not limiting to plant function to severe inhibition. For cases of combined salinity with water stress, or excess boron, we observed neither additive nor compensative effects on plant yield and transpiration. In fact, yield and transpiration at each combination of the various factors were primarily controlled by one of them, the most limiting factor to plant activity. We proposed a crop production model of the form Yr = min{gi(xi), where Yr = Yi ym-1 is relative yield,Ym is the maximum yield obtained in each experiment, Xi is an environmental factor, gi is a piecewise-linear response function, Yi is yield of a particular treatment. We selected a piecewise-linear approach because it highlights the irrigation level where the response to one factor ceases and a second factor begins. The production functions generate response "envelopes" containing possible yields with diagonal lines represent response to Xi alone and the lines parallel to the X-axis represent response to salinity alone. A multiplicative model was also derived approximating the limiting behaviour for incorporation in a hydrochemical model. The multiplicative model was selected because the response function was required to be continuous. The hydrochemical model was a better predictor of field-measured water content and salt profiles than models based on an additive and compensative model of crop response to salinity and water stress.

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National Research Utilization Conference, September 1994. Population Council, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh1994.1005.

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The National Research Utilization Conference, held in Manila September 20, 1994, was the third conference convened by the Population Council's Family Planning Operations Research and Training (FPORT) Program in collaboration with the Department of Health. The FPORT program is being conducted under the Population Council's Asia and Near East Operations Research and Technical Assistance Project. This conference is the culmination of activities that started in October 1992 with a workshop on Introduction to Operations Research in Family Planning. The conference disseminated the results of five OR studies, discussed and evaluated policy and program implications, contributed to the legitimation of OR as a management tool, and helped identify OR needs at the national and local levels. As noted in this report, the conference was attended by health and population program managers and policymakers, researchers on family planning (FP) and population issues from NGOs, the academic community, and USAID collaborating agencies. FP program managers discussed how the study results have been or will be utilized.

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