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Journal articles on the topic 'East Africa Community'
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1
Mnjama, Nathan. "The records of the East African Community." African Research & Documentation 82 (2000): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00021208.
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Perhaps one of the least publicised and greatly under-utilised primary source materials in East Africa are the records of the defunct East African Community held at the Arusha International Conference Centre, Tanzania. These records document virtually every aspect of human life in Eastern Africa. By 1977, when the East African Community collapsed as a regional grouping of three partner states, namely Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania, it had created vast quantities of records equivalent to that held in some of the national repositories in Africa. For over twenty years, these records have been in the custody of the Tanzania National Archives, which has made commendable efforts to ensure that this vital resource is not lost. In August 1998, the author led a team of specialists from Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania mainland, Zanzibar and Lesotho to appraise, arrange, describe, box, and shelve these records. This article is based on information gathered during the workshop.
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Possi, Ally. "The East African Court of Justice: Towards Effective Protection of Human Rights in the East African Community." Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 17, no. 1 (2013): 173–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757413-90000084.
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Human rights in Africa are under the microscope of regional and subregional mechanisms. The regional mechanism is under the auspices of the African Union (AU), in which human rights come under the scrutiny of the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights and the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights. Sub-regional organizations, established as Regional Economic Communities (RECs), have recently developed their own jurisprudence in promoting and protecting human rights in Africa through their legally constituted institutions. The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the East African Community (EAC) and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) have emerged as front runners in realizing human rights in Africa. The principles governing the operations of the EAC in meeting its objectives include the promotion and protection of human rights. The EAC has established the East African Court of Justice (EACJ), tasked with interpreting and ensuring the application of the EAC Treaty. This article pinpoints key challenges that the EACJ is currently encountering and tries to find possible solutions which can improve the functioning of the EACJ to effectively protect human rights in the Community.
3
Milej, Tomasz. "East African Community (eac) – Inspiring Constitutional Change by Promoting Constitutionalism?" International Organizations Law Review 20, no. 2 (2023): 160–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15723747-20020003.
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Abstract The East African Community (eac) is considered to be one of the most successful international organizations in Africa. Due to the founding Treaty’s commitment to democracy, human rights, rule of law and to achieving of a political federation, one may think that the eac has a potential to promote the ideas of transformative African constitutionalism in the participating states. However, the history of regional integration in East Africa, the eac’s current institutional set-up and its substantive law tell a different story. The organization’s elitist legacy and an integration model depending on the goodwill of the heads of state do not fully deliver on the principles which the Treaty pronounces. It is the pro-active stance taken by the East African Court of Justice (eacj) and to some extent also by the East African Legislative Assembly (eala) that keeps the constitutionalism and the hopes of East Africans alive.
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Sonn, Tamara. "Middle East and Islamic Studies in South Africa." Middle East Studies Association Bulletin 28, no. 1 (1994): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026318400028443.
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Although muslims make up less than two percent of South Africa’s total population, they are a well-established community with high visibility. In 1994 South Africans will celebrate 300 years of Islam in South Africa. The introduction of Islam to South Africa is usually attributed to Sheikh Yusuf, a Macasser prince exiled to South Africa for leading resistance against Dutch colonization in Malaysia. But the first Muslims in South Africa were actually slaves, imported by the Dutch colonists to the Cape mainly from India, the Indonesian archipelago, Malaya and Sri Lanka beginning in 1667. The Cape Muslim community, popularly but inaccurately known as “Malays” and known under the apartheid system as “Coloureds,” therefore, is the oldest Muslim community in South Africa. The other significant Muslim community in South Africa was established over 100 years later by northern Indian indentured laborers and tradespeople, a minority of whom were Muslims. The majority of South African Indian Muslims now live in Natal and Transvaal. Indians were classified as “Asians” or “Asiatics” by the apartheid system. The third ethnically identifiable group of Muslims in South Africa were classified as “African” or “Black” by the South African government. The majority of Black Muslims are converts or descendants of converts. Of the entire Muslim population of South Africa, some 49% are “Coloureds,” nearly 47% are “Asians,” and although statistics regarding “Africans” are generally unreliable, it is estimated that they comprise less than four percent of the Muslim population. Less than one percent of the Muslim population is “White.”
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Sumbai, Gasiano G. N. "Revival of the New East African Community: A New Era of Economic Integration or Re-division among African Regional Powers?" Tanzania Zamani: A Journal of Historical Research and Writing 11, no. 1 (2019): 71–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/tza20211114.
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This paper examines the forces behind the revival of the East African Community in 1999 and its impact on the structural economic relations in East African countries. It uses political economy as a guiding theory in the analysis. Drawing on a range of written sources ranging from documents of the East Africa Community itself and Southern Africa Development Community such as declarations, protocols, policy statements, trade statistics and parliamentary speeches and secondary sources such as books and newspapers, this paper demonstrates that the interface between the global and regional forces relating to the demise of the Cold War and an effort to create new regional and global structural relations in the post-Cold War caused East African states to revive the defunct East African Community as part of the post-Cold War realignment. Kenya as a regional economic powerhouse driven by agricultural, manufacturing, financial and tourism sectors struggled to protect her national economic interests through regional integration that would limit the growing influence of the post-Apartheid South Africa in eastern Africa. Despite the revival of the Community, the integration did not facilitate Tanzania and Uganda to address the colonial structural economic imbalances, some of which were economic legacies and others emerged during the post-colonial period. Therefore, Tanzania and Uganda continued to depend on Western Europe, North America, Japan and China as their major trading partners, source of capital and technology while Kenya continued to be a regional economic powerhouse.
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Misirli, Husnu. "A Security Perspective on Turkey-Africa Relations: Analysis of Smart Power Strategy." East African Scholars Journal of Education, Humanities and Literature 6, no. 06 (2023): 224–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjehl.2023.v06i06.001.
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Somalia and soft power diplomacy in East Africa has been the first and most important step in Turkey's engagement with the African continent. In this way, with its opening to Africa initiative and investments in Somalia, Turkey has demonstrated to the international community that it will be among the important actors contributing to the future of the African community. Today, starting from East Africa, Turkey has been developing and strengthening its influence and presence in many regions of Africa, including North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Sahel Region, through its multidimensional foreign policy. Moreover, it has successfully supported its soft power diplomacy in the continent with its initiatives in the field of the defense industry and its Smart Power strategy and has come to the forefront as a security partner of the African countries.
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Oluoch, LO Wauna. "Legitimacy of the East African Community." Journal of African Law 53, no. 2 (2009): 194–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855309990039.
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AbstractThe world currently has a profusion of intergovernmental organizations charged with various public functions previously reserved for states. The operations of these organizations affect the ordinary lives of individual citizens in the member states. Yet these organizations are not legitimate, based on the standard expected of a democratic state government. This article joins the chorus demanding the legitimization of international organizations that perform public functions, taking into account their peculiar circumstances and nature, and with specific reference to the East African Community. It sets out criteria for assessing legitimacy and examines the organs, functions and administration of the East African Community against those criteria. It argues that, as presently established and structured, the East African Community seriously lacks legitimacy. There is therefore an urgent need for reform, to avoid this body becoming yet another statistic of moribund regional integration schemes in Africa.
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Kumar, Ajit. "British Colonial Commonality: East Africa and India." International Journal of Community and Social Development 2, no. 3 (2020): 344–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2516602620930947.
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This note examines aspects of colonial commonality between British colonised East Africa and India. Community development as a rural development programme, its presence in academic institutions and its use as an expression in development discourse are some of these commonalities. With the passage of time, British East Africa and India have diverged on some of these commonalities. In India, community development began with great developmental hopes in 1952, but it ended miserably and was soon abandoned as a rural development programme. While it vanished from India’s development lexicon, community development still retains a place in the development discourse of Botswana. It also seems to resonate in the mainstream life of some East African countries unlike in India. But one commonality still continues. Community development finds some place in the halls of academe in both Botswana and India today. To discuss these aspects of colonial commonality, this article moves back-and-forth among Botswana, India and British East Africa. This article needs to be read in the historical context of de-colonisation struggles over developmental ideas in British East Africa and India and the role of the native elites in this process.
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Mazrui, Alamin. "The Indian Experience as a Swahili Mirror in Colonial Mombasa." African and Asian Studies 16, no. 1-2 (2017): 167–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15692108-12341376.
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People of Indian descent had long interacted with the Swahili of East Africa. This interrelationship became particularly momentous during British colonial rule that gave additional impetus to Indian migration to East Africa. In time East Africa, in general, and Mombasa, Kenya’s second largest city, in particular, became home to significant populations of Indian settler communities. Motivated by an immigrant psychology and relatively privileged status under colonial rule, Indian immigrants took full advantage of the opportunities to become remarkably successful socially and economically. Local inhabitants were fully aware of the success of Indian immigrants of East Africa, and for some of them, the Indian record became a yard stick for their own successes and failures. Among these was Sheikh Al-Amin bin Ali Mazrui (1891-1947), famed for his reformist ideas about East African Islam. Using his Swahili periodical, Swahifa, he tried to galvanize members of Swahili-Muslim community towards the goal of community uplift by drawing on the experiences of East African Indians as a way of referring them back to some of the fundamentals of a progressive Islamic civilization in matters of the economy, education, and cultural preservation. In this sense, the East African Indian “mirror” became an important means of propagating Sheikh Al-Amin’s agenda of an alternative modernity rooted in Islamic civilization.
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Kabanda, Umar. "Challenges of Capacity Building and Development from Chinas’ Aid Model; a Case Study of the East African Community Countries." Cross-Currents: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal on Humanities & Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36344/ccijhss.2016.v02i01.001.
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There is an increase of Chinese partnership to African development through loans and grants which are directed to African infrastructural development for capacity development. This development has been implemented on the continent through numerous constructions of infrastructural projects in the form of roads, railways, dams, installation of fibre wires across the East Africa community. This approach to development through aid for infrastructural development is opposed to the former colonial masters’ approach that based on capacity building in their former colonies with a focus of their contribution to African transformation that was directed to the promotion of human rights, democracy and transfer of administrative skills to the African counterparts. This experience of the colonial masters and the new comers the Chinese, their interest as evident in Africa, the same is true for their existence in the East African community. This transformation of the aid model from former colonial masters to Chinese domination of the donor relations inspired the selection of this topic to explain in this paper the challenges the new aid model of Chinese to East African countries contribute to promoting capacity development as it down plays capacity building. A case presentation of the implemented projects in Uganda and Kenya are presented to illustrate the experienced challenges of this Aid model for Africa from the case of the Regional Economic Community of the East African Community
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Kabanda, Umar. "Challenges of Capacity Building and Development from Chinas’ Aid Model; a Case Study of the East African Community Countries." Cross-Currents: An International Peer-Reviewed Journal on Humanities & Social Sciences 2, no. 1 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36344/ccijhss.2016.v02i01.001.
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There is an increase of Chinese partnership to African development through loans and grants which are directed to African infrastructural development for capacity development. This development has been implemented on the continent through numerous constructions of infrastructural projects in the form of roads, railways, dams, installation of fibre wires across the East Africa community. This approach to development through aid for infrastructural development is opposed to the former colonial masters’ approach that based on capacity building in their former colonies with a focus of their contribution to African transformation that was directed to the promotion of human rights, democracy and transfer of administrative skills to the African counterparts. This experience of the colonial masters and the new comers the Chinese, their interest as evident in Africa, the same is true for their existence in the East African community. This transformation of the aid model from former colonial masters to Chinese domination of the donor relations inspired the selection of this topic to explain in this paper the challenges the new aid model of Chinese to East African countries contribute to promoting capacity development as it down plays capacity building. A case presentation of the implemented projects in Uganda and Kenya are presented to illustrate the experienced challenges of this Aid model for Africa from the case of the Regional Economic Community of the East African Community
12
Njenga, Frank. "Focus on psychiatry in East Africa." British Journal of Psychiatry 181, no. 4 (2002): 354–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.181.4.354.
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East Africa is made up of Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania, all previous colonies of the British Empire which attained their independence in the early 1960s. At the time of independence, the East African community held the three countries together. Political expedience broke up the community in 1977 but greater wisdom and economic reality have brought the three countries back together in December 2001, in the form of a common Legislative Assembly and Court of Appeal. A Customs Union is expected soon, ahead of full political integration.
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Rathore-Nigsch, Claudia, and Daniel Schreier. "‘Our heart is still in Africa’: Twice migration and its sociolinguistic consequences." Language in Society 45, no. 2 (2016): 163–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404515000949.
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AbstractThis study is a sociophonetic investigation of dialect variation and change in the East African Asian community in Leicester, UK. The community differs from other strands of the British Asian diaspora because of its migration history: a two-stage journey (‘twice migration’) within a few generations, first from the Indian subcontinent to East Africa (late nineteenth century) and from there onward to Britain (early 1970s). We examine variation in the production of thefoot,strut, andnursevowels across two generations of East African Asian migrants with a focus on the usage of originally Indian English features, identity expression, changing sense of belonging, and desire to maintain the original culture from the East African homelands. Our sociolinguistic examination of the speakers’ migration history demonstrates that, despite a strong affiliation with East Africa, first-generation speakers have predominantly maintained Indian English patterns whereas second-generation subjects partake in accommodation to an (educated) variety of East Midlands English. (Twice migration, accommodation, identity, variation and change in the diaspora,foot, strut,andnursevowels, Indian English, East African English, East Midlands English)*
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Amuhaya, Claire Ayuma, Brian Mugabe, and Augustin Ndayisaba. "History of regional integration in East Africa: the case of East African Community." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2020, no. 05 (2020): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202005statyi13.
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Kuzmin, D. V., and D. V. Kuzmin. "East African Community: Demographics and Economic Development." Information and Innovations 15, no. 2 (2020): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31432/1994-2443-2020-15-2-45-51.
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Regional economic integration in East Africa, as in sub-Saharan Africa as a whole, remains an urgent task for States. It also arouses the interest of researchers for its features. The basis of regional economic integration in the associations of Africa in the XXI century is a stable macroeconomic dynamics, since the author proceeds from the fact that in the conditions of economic recovery, integration processes in the region are intensified. At the same time, the author believes that the socioeconomic problems common to the countries of Africa or its individual regions can also serve as a basis for the activation of integration processes.
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Bainomugisha, Engineer, Regina Hebig, and Michel R. V. Chaudron. "Emerging Software Engineering Research Networks in (East) Africa." ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes 46, no. 2 (2021): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3448992.3448996.
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Software engineering (SE) researchers and research networks from emerging communities are often not visible in already established Software Engineering venues for a multitude of reasons. This limits the opportunities and mutual bene ts that can arise from collaborations between global and emerging Software Engineer- ing networks. This article focuses on a rst attempt to provide a map of the African software engineering research community with focus on the networks of two big East African Universities. We hope that this very initial mapping e ort will help to raise aware- ness in the international community about the variety of software engineering research in Africa. We formulate some suggestions for making our academic Software Engineering community more inclusive.
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Nikolskaya, M. V., M. A. Nikulin, and M. N. Ralafiarindaza. "An integrated East Africa: a resilience perspective (In English)." Полис. Политические исследования, no. 4 (July 24, 2024): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17976/jpps/2024.04.06.
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In the 21st century of profound shifts and abrupt plot twists on a global scale, the future of the international system remains unclear. What is obvious by now, though, is that against this backdrop, African states are increasingly looking for ways to defend their own interests and positions. Hence their focus on regional integration, as countries recognize the benefits of pooling their resources and working together to address common challenges with the ultimate aim of fulfilling the African Union’s vision of: “An integrated, prosperous and peaceful Africa, driven by its own citizens and representing a dynamic force in the global arena”(Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want). The evolution of regional groups like the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the Southern African Development Community (SADC), and the East African Community (EAC) is an example of this trend. In addition to shared objectives, these various African blocs also face common challenges and crises. This article focuses particularly on the case of the EAC, and its resilience capacity in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the impact of the ongoing DRC-Rwanda standoff. The article is divided into three parts: the theoretical framework of crisis resilience is described in the first section, the background and ascent of the East African Community with a focus on its resilience capacities are analyzed in the second section. The third section of the article focuses on the covariate shocks facing the EAC in 2020-2023 and its response.
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Hirani, Hiral. "Global warming impacts displacing the Maasai community in East Africa: challenges and responses." Revista Tecnológica - ESPOL 34, no. 1 (2022): 154–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37815/rte.v34n1.909.
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Global warming is increasingly leading to displacement of people. The Maasai community in East Africa are a pastoralist community that severely face the impact of climate change which is leading to their displacement. This article examines the context of global warming in East Africa, examines the direct factors for displacement of the Maasai community and assesses the various factors that affect migration patterns of the Maasai. Issues such as exacerbated gender disparities due to climate change are outlined with an analysis of the link between both. Kenya is home to a large number of the Maasai. Thus, the article also assesses the measures implemented in Kenya to tackle global warming effects on the displacement of the Maasai. The article aims to identify what is missing in the international and regional law and norms applicable to pastoralists affected by climate change with a section providing recommendations for the East African Community.
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Researcher. "RAISING FAMILY STABILITY IN EAST AFRICA- A SOCIOECONOMIC COMPARATIVE CASE STUDY." International Journal of Management (IJM) 15, no. 5 (2024): 154–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13994460.
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Family stability is a critical factor for the socioeconomic development of any society. Raising family stability is crucial and highly linked to community socioeconomic development. The foundation of all human development starts from his or her family, then the state and the region. In East Africa, the family unit faces unique challenges due to sociocultural, economic, and political dynamics. However, the indicators show that some EAC countries, including Rwanda, have had negative family stability for various reasons, including generalized poverty and social and cultural problems. This compelled SIAS (Socioeconomic Institute for Advanced Studies) operating in Rwanda to do research, through its Africa Development Lab, on family stability in the EAC and what can be done to raise its current standards. This research is a comparative case study of East African member states on family stability in the East African Community member states: Uganda, Tanzania, South Sudan, Somalia, Rwanda, Kenya, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Burundi. The research uses quantitative and qualitative analysis (Q2) with data and interviews to key informant techniques. The authors examine the similarities and differences in family stability across these nations through the comparative case study and provide recommendations to improve family wellbeing and societal cohesion. The findings show that the East African community generally remain vulnerable to family stability. There is both institutional and community need to raise family stability, including mechanisms of building domestic peace, financial capability, moral and ethical values, as well as alleviating poverty in youth and parents.
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Lavis, John N., and Ulysses Panisset. "EVIPNet Africa's first series of policy briefs to support evidence-informed policymaking." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 26, no. 2 (2010): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462310000206.
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EVIPNet (Evidence-Informed Policy Network) Africa—a network of World Health Organization (WHO)-sponsored knowledge-translation (KT) platforms in seven sub-Saharan African countries—was launched at a meeting in Brazzaville, Congo, in March 2006 (1;2). EVIPNet Africa can trace its origins to resolutions from both the Ministerial Summit on Health Research (November 2004) and the World Health Assembly (May 2005) (10;11), the spirit of which was re-affirmed at the Global Ministerial Forum on Research for Health (November 2008) (13). The World Health Assembly called for “establishing or strengthening mechanisms to transfer knowledge in support of evidence-based public health and health care delivery systems and evidence-based related policies” (10). EVIPNet Africa can trace its inspiration to a more local development: the preparatory work that led to the establishment of the East African Community–sponsored Regional East African Community Health (REACH) Policy initiative, a KT platform involving Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda (and more recently Burundi and Rwanda as well). REACH Policy is now part of the EVIPNet Africa family.
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Gachoki, Charles Munene, and Jostinah Wawasi Mwangómbe. "Trade Liberalization and Female Employment in the East African Community." International Journal of Science and Business 42, no. 1 (2024): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.58970/ijsb.2483.
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The United Nations reported that just 47 per cent of women of working age participated in the labour market in 2020, compared to 74 per cent of men. Although there have been significant changes in the Gross Domestic Product and trade structure, structural changes in employment have been negligible in Sub-Saharan Africa and particularly in The East African Community. Despite being above the Sub-Saharan Africa average female Employment to Population, all the East African Community member states that are the focus of this study have had a declining Employment to employment-to-population ratio. The primary goal of this study is to look into the impact of trade integration on gender outcomes in the East African Community. This was achieved by combining the Phillips and Okuns law to link the relationship between unemployment and its direct and indirect variables. Annual panel data between 2000 to 2021 was utilised. The results show that trade openness has a depressing effect on the share of women employed in the agricultural sector and a positive effect on the share of female employment in the services sector. This trend could be explained by the closeness of the sectors, meaning that female workers do not need new skills to move between the agricultural and services sectors. For women to take advantage of job opportunities in the services sector that improve inequality there is a need to reskill women so that they can take advantage of higher-level job opportunities in the services sector.
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Filippov, V. R. "Regionalism and Regional Politics of African States (on the Example of the Countries of the East African Community)." Izvestiya of Altai State University, no. 5(121) (November 19, 2021): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2021)5-12.
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The subject of the study was the East African Commonwealth, an economic association that currently unites Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda and Southern Sudan. Particular attention is paid to the integration processes in Africa in the post-colonial period, the doctrine of federalism in the political discourse of African countries, the causes of the crisis and the dissolution of the EAC in the seventies of the last century, as well as the economic and political reasons for reintegration of YOU. Special attention is paid to the evolution of the EAC from an economic alliance to a political one and the prospect of forming a federative state on the basis of the SAC.
 The author identifies the factors that led to the economic consolidation of the EAC, as well as those determinants of development of the commonwealth, which make it extremely difficult to form a unified federal state in East Africa.
 It is concluded that the further regionalization of the African continent and the realization of the federal project in East Africa will be hindered by such factors as the high level of conflict in the EAC member countries, tribalism, cultural, confessional and linguistic heterogeneity, and the ambition of leaders and political elites.
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Almontassar, Bellah Taieb. "Book Review: The Contextualisation of 21st Century Skills Assessment in East Africa, edited by Esther Care, Mauro Giacomazzi, and John Kabutha Mugo. Switzerland: Springer, 2024. xviii + 211 pp. Ebook. ISBN: 978-3-031-51490-6." UAI Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences (UAIJAHSS) II, no. VI (2024): 137–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14292624.
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<strong>Abstract</strong> <em>The world is replete with changes facing youngsters, from readiness to workplace challenges to society’s capacity to address the socio-economic demands of the 21st century. This book review highlights how East African education systems have sought to integrate life skills and values into their policies and curricula. A key limitation, however, is the lack of exploration into teaching strategies that promote these skills, particularly the adaptation of Western frameworks to measure competencies in non-Western contexts. To address this, the Assessment of Life Skills and Values in East Africa (ALiVE) project investigates how collaboration, problem-solving, self-awareness, and respect are understood in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Findings reveal that East African views on personal identity are more community-oriented, thus contrasting with the individualistic approaches typical of Western contexts. Designing assessment tools for East Africa requires careful consideration of conceptual, ethnographic, and epistemological factors, from framework development to data collection and analysis.</em> <strong>Keywords:</strong> <em>Education, assessment, 21<sup>st</sup> century skills, curriculum, East Africa</em>
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Kaburi, Sammy Muriithi, and Kimberly E. Medley. "Community Perspectives on Fuelwood Resources in East Africa." Mountain Research and Development 31, no. 4 (2011): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1659/mrd-journal-d-10-00121.1.
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Twikirize, Janestic, and Helmut Spitzer. "Community Counts: Rural Social Work in East Africa." World 3, no. 4 (2022): 1053–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/world3040060.
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The community plays a significant role in everyday life in rural African contexts, particularly in terms of coping and in times of crisis. In the East African region, rural communities are diverse and complex, yet most share similar vulnerabilities such as widespread poverty, lack of infrastructure and basic services, and exclusion from broader economic and political developments. They are also highly affected by processes of modernization, globalization, and rural-urban migration. Social work as a profession that deals with social problems is deemed suitable to support rural communities in their struggle for survival. In order to understand the link between community-based forms of problem solving and social work practice, a qualitative study was conducted in five countries (Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda). A total of 155 qualitative interviews and 55 focus group discussions with key informants were conducted. The research revealed a variety of indigenous knowledge systems and innovative coping mechanisms. For rural social work to be relevant and effective, such models should be thoroughly analyzed and integrated into its professional concepts and practice. In this article, some case examples are presented and critically discussed against the background of the African philosophical concept of ubuntu, which is regarded as the ethical backbone of communal life.
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Bimenyimana, Samuel, Chen Wang, Godwin Norense Osarumwense Asemota, et al. "Geospatial Analysis of Wind Energy Siting Suitability in the East African Community." Sustainability 16, no. 4 (2024): 1514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16041514.
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Site investigation is essential for developing and constructing a dependable and effective wind engineering project. Also, the kinetic energy of moving air, used to drive a wind turbine, produces electricity. Having seen the shortage of previous studies on wind energy sites’ suitability across Africa and having read about the abundance of untapped wind energy resources in the East African region, this paper used Geographical Information System (GIS), multi-criteria, and Analytic Hierarchy techniques to provide a geospatial analysis of wind energy technology siting suitability in Eastern African Community Countries. Different data were acquired and processed from numerous open-access databases (Global Wind atlas, Regional Center for Mapping of Resources for Development (RCMRD), African Geoportal, East African community website, and Energy data Info.org). The results reveal Kenya has large parts of its land areas highly appropriate for wind energy siting (15.26%) and 1.55% of its land classified as unsuitable for wind energy generation. The rates of suitability and unsuitability were respectively 26.57% and 4.87% for Burundi, 20.6% and 10.21% for Rwanda, 20.39% and 10.44% for Tanzania, and 4.65% and 27.15% for South Sudan. The findings also show that East Africa exhibits moderate levels of wind energy siting suitability, with an estimated average of around 37.27% of its land area moderately suitable for wind energy technology installation, covering thousands of square kilometers. The study is advantageous to academia and industry-related personnel engaged in renewable energy-related activities in other African countries with similar topographies.
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Kravchenko, Mariia. "Integration associations for Sub-Saharan Africa: history and prospects for development." Bulletin of Mariupol State University. Series: History. Political Studies 10, no. 28-29 (2020): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-2830-2020-10-28-29-52-62.
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The article deals with the main integration associations of such a promising but controversial region, as Sub-Saharan Africa. The author emphasizes the continuity of regional integration associations’ formation that goes back to the colonial times, to the first half of the 20th century. Periodization of ongoing integration processes in Sub-Saharan Africa is proposed in the research. Key milestones for the further regional integration were: - 1963, the foundation of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU); and the beginning of Independence for many postcolonial countries of Sub-Saharan Africa; - 1980, the Lagos Plan of Action adoption that led to the establishment in future of the following integration associations for Sub-Saharan Africa: ECOWAS, Economic Community of West African States; COMESA, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa; ECCAS, Economic Community of Central African States; - 1991, the signing of the Abuja Treaty, which called for the African Economic Community creation as the new stage for economic cooperation and integration of the continent, including Sub-Saharan Africa; - 1999-2002, the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) transition into the African Union (AU), launching of new partnerships and integration associations for Sub-Saharan Africa, increased integration. At the beginning of the 21st century, there are serious economic and political factors for disintegration in the region. Nevertheless, the following integration associations, as stated in the article, proved to be effective: SADC, Southern African Development Community; EAC, East African Community; COMESA, Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa. The author argues that the existence since 2015 the Tripartite Free Trade Area (TFTA) between EAC, COMESA and SADC marks a significant step forward for strengthening of integration associations for Sub-Saharan Africa, as well as for the achievement of African Union’s purpose to provide the African Continental Free Trade Area.
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SCHMIDT, PETER R. "HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY IN EAST AFRICA: PAST PRACTICE AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS." Journal of African History 57, no. 2 (2016): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853715000791.
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AbstractThis forum article explores the major intellectual trajectories in the historical archaeology of Eastern Africa over the last sixty years. Two primary perspectives are identified in historical archaeology: one that emphasizes precolonial history and oral traditions with associated archaeology, and another that focuses mostly on the era of European contact with Africa. The latter is followed by most North American practice, to the point of excluding approaches that privilege the internal dynamics of African societies. African practice today has many hybrids using both approaches. Increasingly, precolonial historical archaeology is waning in the face of a dominant focus on the modern era, much like the trend in African history. New approaches that incorporate community participation are gaining favor, with positive examples of collaboration between historical archaeologists and communities members desiring to preserve and revitalize local histories.
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Moran, Andrew. "North Africa & Middle East." Global Heart 9, no. 1 (2014): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gheart.2014.03.2439.
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None, None. "North Africa & Middle East." Global Heart 13, no. 3 (2018): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gheart.2018.09.513.
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Rosli, Muhammad Fauzan, and Ermy Azziaty Rozali. "[‘Uthmaniyyah’ Relationship with Muslim Community East Africa Africa] Hubungan ‘Uthmaniyyah dengan Komuniti Muslim Timur Laut Afrika." Jurnal Islam dan Masyarakat Kontemporari 18, no. 1 (2018): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/jimk.2018.18.1.304.
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After the conquest of Egypt in 1517M, the relationship between the Ottoman and the northeast African Muslim community was served. On 1555M, the eyalet of Habesha was established in order to protect the Two Holy Cities of Muslims and the Muslim community in Red Sea shores particulary the northeast Africa. Apart from that, the establishment of the Habesha eyalet was to secure the political and trade route for the Ottoman on that region. Unfortunately, the Ottoman’s initiative were seen as provocations to the Bani Funj, ruler of the Sinnar Sultanate in Nubia which eventually led to centuries of feud between them.The objective of this article is to identify the relationship dynamics between the Ottoman and the Muslim community in northeast Africa, mainly in the regions of Nubia and Ethiopia. This qualitative study is carried out through literature and historical analysis to observe similarities, make comparisons and deduce interpretations of related historical events in that relationship. This study found that, the Ottoman’s relationship throughout the 16th and the 18th centuries, changes allies and foes constantly between the Sinnar Sultanate as well as the Ethiopian kingdoms. Meanwhile, even after the collapse of the Adal Sultanate’s holy war, the Ottoman’s commitment on the destiny of Ethiopian Muslim remained unchanged.
 
 Keywords: Ottoman, Muslim community, Sinnar Sultanate, Ethiopia
 
 Setelah menguasai Mesir pada 1517M, hubungan antara ‘Uthmaniyyah dan komuniti Muslim timur laut Afrika mula terjalin. Pada 1555M, eyalet Habesha telah diasaskan untuk melindungi Dua Kota Suci umat Islam serta komuniti Muslim di persisiran pantai Laut Merah terutamanya di timur laut Afrika. Selain itu, penubuhan eyalet Habesha juga bertujuan mengukuhkan kedudukan politik dan penguasaan perdagangan ‘Uthmaniyyah ke atas rantau tersebut. Walau bagaimanapun, tindakan ‘Uthmaniyyah itu dilihat sebagai sebuah provokasi kepada Bani Funj yang menguasai kesultanan Sinnar di Nubia. Keadaan ini telah membawa kepada perseteruan lebih daripada dua abad. Objektif artikel ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti hubungan dinamik ‘Uthmaniyyah dengan komuniti Muslim di timur laut Afrika terutama di dua wilayah utama iaitu Nubia dan Ethiopia. Kajian kualitatif ini dijalankan melalui kaedah kepustakaan dan analisa sejarah bagi melihat persamaan, membuat perbandingan serta menghasilkan interpretasi terhadap peristiwa-peristiwa sejarah yang terkait dalam hubungan tersebut. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa sepanjang abad ke-16M hingga ke-18M, hubungan antara ‘Uthmaniyyah dan kesultanan Sinnar serta kerajaan Ethiopia menjadikan status lawan dan kawan sering kali berubah. Manakala, komitmen ‘Uthmaniyyah terhadap nasib Muslim Ethiopia tidak berubah walaupun setelah kekalahan gerakan jihad kesultanan ‘Adal.
 
 Kata kunci: Uthmaniyyah, Komuniti Muslim, Kesultanan Sinnar, Ethiopia
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Mwatela, Raphael Z. "Cooperation and Defection in the East African Community." Africa Review 16, no. 3 (2024): 322–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/09744061-bja10134.
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Abstract This paper looks at the role of regime types and political leadership in influencing regional integration in the East African Community (EAC). Although the EAC is one of the most highly integrated Regional Economic Communities in Africa, and there are many instances where member states cooperate with decisions made at the EAC level to strengthen integration, in other instances members choose to defect from regional commitments. The study used secondary data sources to determine why this is so and employed game theory to understand the game of cooperation and defection among the players, who are the member states of the EAC. Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania were selected as case studies because they are the founding members of the EAC and are assumed to be most invested in deeper cooperation within the EAC. The study found that member states make conscious, calculated decisions to cooperate or defect on specific issues after gauging the costs and payouts associated with each action.
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K. Milugo, Trizah, Mary V. Mosha, Eddie Wampande, et al. "Public engagement by early career researchers in East Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic: case studies from East Africa." Open Research Africa 6 (March 20, 2023): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openresafrica.13897.1.
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Background: Community engagement and involvement (CEI) in research usually depends on face-to-face interactions. However, the COVID-19 pandemic prevented such interactions because of national lockdowns and social distancing. This paper highlights the ways in which early career researchers from East Africa tackled CEI activities during the pandemic. Methods: We provide four case examples that illustrate how early-career researchers based in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania, deployed different approaches and initiatives to community-engaged research during the pandemic to encourage participation and uptake of research findings. Results: All the three early-career researchers attempted to use virtual/digital means to implement the CEI. However, in each country, this attempt was unsuccessful because of poor connectivity, as well as many poorer students lacking access to telephones and computers. Nevertheless, the researchers effectively engaged the students using different activities (making up songs, drawing comics, and taking part in quizzes) once the schools reopened. Conclusion: These results highlight the complexity of implementing community engagement and involvement in health research when face-to-face interaction is not possible. The findings are relevant to researchers who wish to incorporate community engagement in their research and initiatives.
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Nakaganda, Annet, Henry Wabinga, Crispin Kahesa, et al. "Abstract 17: Cancer Control Through Surveillance: Harmonised Cancer Registration Guidelines for East Africa." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 6_Supplement (2023): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.asgcr23-abstract-17.
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Abstract Purpose: Implementation of evidence-based cancer control strategies requires cancer registration data. However, cancer registration in East Africa is characterized by disparities in quality and coverage; insufficient harmonisation of procedures; different laws/legislation that limit data access; lack of networking, collaboration, and participation in cancer research; and insufficient national government recognition and funding. This aimed to harmonize the cancer registration guidelines and establish a coherent framework for enhancing cancer registration in East Africa. Methods: The process of developing the “Harmonised cancer registration guidelines for East Africa” was participatory and engaged stakeholders from all the East Africa Community (EAC) member countries (Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, and South Sudan). Several strategies were used over a period of four years (2018-2021) including: 1) Partnership and leadership formation (the planning committee composed of the Ministry of Health officials and policymakers, the Steering Committee composed of experts in cancer registration, and the writing team); 2) review of relevant literature on cancer registration guidelines; 3) conducting a SWOT analysis of cancer registration in East Africa, and 4) holding three harmonisation conferences. Results: The East African Cancer Registration Guidelines were harmonised under the stewardship of the East African Center of Excellency for Oncology at the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) and were approved by the East African Community Sectoral Council of Ministers of Health on 10th December 2021 (EAC/SCHealth/21/Decision 003) and a directive issued to all partner countries to use the approved guidelines (EAC/SCHealth/21/Directive025). Several outcomes were achieved including Commonly agreed-upon standards and processes for establishing and operationalizing cancer registries in the region; ownership of data and easy accessibility by the member states; and improved collaboration and networking among cancer registries in the region. The process also provided learning opportunities and was a catalyst for the individual countries that are now focusing on setting up their cancer registries. Conclusion: Forging effective partnerships, wide stakeholder involvement; use of locally generated data; and locally-driven solutions are essential for generating local policies and creating a sustainable leadership structure for directing the cancer control effort in the region. Citation Format: Annet Nakaganda, Henry Wabinga, Crispin Kahesa, Francois Uwinkindi, Jonas Nsengiyumva, Valerian Mwenda, Michael Katende, Jackson Orem. Cancer Control Through Surveillance: Harmonised Cancer Registration Guidelines for East Africa [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 17.
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Wainaina, Jeniffer Wanjuhi, and Ufuk Gültekin. "Export Competitiveness of Selected Agricultural Products in Kenya." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 11, no. 6 (2023): 1046–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i6.1046-1050.5900.
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This study used reports from various bodies to determine the competitiveness of some selected agricultural products between Kenya and other East African Community countries. Agriculture is an important sector in Kenya and the greater East African Community organization as it earns the country foreign exchange through exports. The sector possess considerable potential, and carrying out a competitive study would greatly inform the country’s efforts and policy making processes. The methods used were Market Share Index, Vollrath’s Relative Trade Advantage Indices, and Balassa’s Revealed Comparative Advantage Index. The various countries were compared using calculated indices and ranked accordingly based on their scores and market share percentages. Consequently, Kenya had a competitive advantage and dominated the international markets in tea and crude materials, whereas most East Africa Community member states had a strong comparative advantage in coffee. Generally, to stimulate the agricultural sector and diversify agricultural exports, the Kenyan government and private sector must increase high-level investments in agribusiness and transition from exporting raw materials to value-added products. Developing standard agricultural trade policies would benefit all East African Community member states, which is consistent with their goals.
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Glukhov, Y. A. "Tanzania’s Economic Growth Prospects through EAC and SADC Membership." Asia & Africa today, no. 12 (December 15, 2024): 42–48. https://doi.org/10.31857/s0321507524120057.
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The article examines the economic effects of Tanzania’s multiple membership in the East African Community (EAC) common market and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) free trade area. Over the past two or three decades, regional integration processes have intensified on the African continent, which have become an important component of the economic development of countries. Geographical and commodity structure of Tanzanian foreign trade in the first two decades of the 21st century has changed significantly: the position of the countries of East Africa has strengthened due to integration within the EAC and rapidly developing Asian economies, trade flows with the former metropolitan countries have weakened, trade with the south of the continent has diversified within the SADC.
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Gorokhov, Stanislav. "Migrant crisis in the East Africa region." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 1 (2023): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s086919080023788-3.
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The article examines the policy of Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan, Uganda and Eritrea in the context of the possibility of a coordinated response to the challenges of migrant crises. Large-scale and stable migration ties have developed between the countries that form the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) in East Africa, and common principles of migration policy are being implemented, which indicates the formation of a unified migration system. The movement of migrants within the framework of the latter occurs along four major international routes: Horn of Africa route (between Ethiopia, Somalia, Eritrea and neighboring countries of East Africa); Eastern route (from the countries of East Africa through Djibouti, Somalia and Yemen – mainly to the oil-producing countries of the Arabian Peninsula); Southern route (through Kenya, Uganda to South Africa); Northern route (through the countries of North Africa – to Italy and Spain; another branch runs through Egypt, Israel, the Arab countries of Asia and Turkey). The main weak point of the overall policy of the IGAD countries is that not all countries in the region have ratified the full set of intra-African agreements in the field of migration. It has been established that the migration crisis in the East Africa surpasses the European one in its scale and impact on the countries of the region and can lead to negative consequences on a global scale if the world community does not use the available resources – political and financial – to solve the whole range of problems that caused the crisis.
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Achieng M., Nyambura. "Hypertension Prevention Programs in East Africa: Success Stories and Lessons Learned." INOSR EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCES 15, no. 1 (2025): 27–32. https://doi.org/10.59298/inosres/2025/151.2732.
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Hypertension, a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and premature mortality, poses a significant public health challenge in East Africa. The region experiences a rising prevalence of hypertension driven by urbanization, dietary shifts, and sedentary lifestyles, compounded by limited healthcare infrastructure and awareness. Despite these challenges, several prevention initiatives have demonstrated success in reducing hypertension and promoting healthier lifestyles. This review explores successful programs in East Africa, including community-based interventions, healthcare system strengthening, public awareness campaigns, and policy-driven approaches. Key lessons learned emphasize the importance of community engagement, integrated healthcare strategies, multisectoral collaboration, data-driven interventions, and policy alignment. By documenting these initiatives, the review aims to support the replication and scaling of effective strategies across the region. It highlights actionable recommendations for policymakers, healthcare providers, and community organizations, emphasizing the need for sustainable, culturally relevant, and resource-efficient solutions to address hypertension. Strengthened healthcare systems, increased public awareness, and enhanced collaboration are essential for mitigating the growing burden of hypertension in East Africa. Keywords: Hypertension prevention, Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), East Africa, Public health interventions.
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Yeshaw, Yigizie, Misganaw Gebrie Worku, Zemenu Tadesse Tessema, Achamyeleh Birhanu Teshale, and Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema. "Zinc utilization and associated factors among under-five children with diarrhea in East Africa: A generalized linear mixed modeling." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (2020): e0243245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243245.
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Introduction Diarrhea is the leading cause of illness and death among under-five children in low and middle income countries. Through the provision of zinc supplements has been shown to reduce the severity and duration of diarrhea, as well as the risk of mortality, the use of zinc for the treatment of diarrhea is still very low in low-income countries. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and associated factors of zinc utilization among under-five children with diarrhea in East Africa. Methods A secondary data analysis of the recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) of East African countries were used to determine the prevalence and associated factors of zinc utilization among under-five children with diarrhea in East Africa. A total weighted samples of 16,875 under-five children with diarrhea were included in the study. A generalized linear mixed model (using Poisson regression with robust error variance) was used. Prevalence Ratios (PR) with their 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for those variables included in the final model. Results The overall prevalence of zinc utilization among under-five children with diarrhea in this study was 21.54% (95% CI = 20.92–22.16). Of East African countries, Uganda had the highest prevalence of zinc utilization (40.51%) whereas Comoros had the lowest (0.44%). Maternal primary education (Adjusted Prevalence Ratio(aPR) = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.16–1.44), secondary education (aPR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.19–1.55) and higher education (aPR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.52–2.40), high community women education (aPR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.02–1.24), high wealth index (aPR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.01–1.24), high community media exposure (aPR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.06–1.29) were associated with a higher prevalence of zinc utilization. Conclusion The prevalence of zinc utilization among under-five children was found to be low in East Africa. Maternal education, wealth index, community women education, and community media exposure were significantly associated with zinc utilization. Increased mass media exposure, maternal education and wealth index is recommended to improve zinc utilization among under-five children with diarrhea.
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Ratshisusu, Hardin, Mapato Ramokgopa, and Elikana Maroge. "Cross-Border Cartels Enforcement Under the Africa Continental Free Trade Area." Antitrust Bulletin 66, no. 4 (2021): 528–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003603x211045754.
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Effective enforcement of competition laws on a global scale is a prerequisite for open economies, fair trading conditions, and level playing fields, and ultimately, inclusive economic development for improved and better lives. Improving enforcement co-operation between competition authorities has been a priority for the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, and International Competition Network for many years. This article argues that there is increased scope for competition authorities in Africa to effectively regulate cross-border cartel activities under the Africa Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). It is recognized that for the AfCFTA to meet its general objectives under Article 3 of the AfCFTA framework agreement, States Parties must develop a framework on competition policy which is part of the second phase of the negotiations that will culminate into a Protocol on Competition Policy. Following a review of competition policies and laws of selected African countries in Southern African Development Community, East African Community, Economic Community of West African States, and Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, this article suggests an appropriate competition law and policy for Africa, particularly one that will enhance capability to combat cross-border cartels.
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Mosbei, Thomas, Silas Kiprono Samoei, Clement Cheruiyot Tison, and Edwin Kipyego Kipchoge. "Exchange rate volatility and its effect on intra-East Africa Community regional trade." Latin American Journal of Trade Policy 4, no. 9 (2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5354/0719-9368.2021.58790.
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East Africa Community exchange rate volatility spiraled up when the countries adopted the Structural Adjustment Policies in early 1980s. The question that remains unanswered is whether exchange rate volatility hinders or promotes trade. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of exchange rate volatility and its effect on Intra-East Africa community regional trade. Unit root tests results indicated that some of the variables were stationary at levels and on first difference, all variables were I(1). Differenced panel data was fitted into the General Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity model to measure volatility. Hausman test showed that the fixed effect model was appropriate exchange rate, money supply, population and foreign direct investment significantly determines intra-East Africa Community regional trade. It was concluded that exchange rate volatility is observable in the Intra-East Africa region and further, exchange rate, money supply, population, and foreign direct investment significantly influenced intra-EAC regional trade. It is recommended that EAC member states should formulate policies that ensures exchange rate stability in the region to reduce unpredictability of exchange rate. Policies should be enacted to guarantee adequate money supply and encourage foreign direct investments.
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Wanjala, Kevin, and Pamella Gogo. "The Effect of Financial Deepening on Economic Growth in the East African Community." Finance & Economics Review 2, no. 2 (2020): 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.38157/finance-economics-review.v2i2.121.
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Purpose: The study’s objective is to determine the effect of financial deepening on the economic growth of the East Africa Community bloc. Specifically, it aims to establish the effect of the rate of broad money, credit to the private sector, and the rate of value of the traded stock on economic growth. 
 Methodology: The study used descriptive research design and employed the fixed effect model in regression analysis. Broad money was used to proxy the rate of money supply, credit to the private sector was used to represent credit financing while the volume of the traded stock was used as a measure for financial market investment. 
 Results: The findings revealed that all three indicators of financial deepening namely, broad money, credit to the private sector, and volume of traded stock had a positive and significant effect on economic growth in East Africa Community. The coefficient for broad money was 0.4410, the coefficient for credit to the private sector was 0.4022, while the coefficient for the volume of the traded stock was 0.1367. The model had an F statistic of 103.50, confirming its suitability. 
 Implications: The study recommends that the East Africa Community governments should place more emphasis on the efficiency and of money supply, investment, and distribution by commercial banks. The study also recommends that the governments of East Africa Community countries should continue pursuing policies that promote access to credit such as ensuring that interest rates are low. Additionally, the capital market authorities of the East Africa Community countries should conduct sensitization campaigns to promote high participation in the stock market and other capital market products.
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Omenma, J. Tochukwu, and Moses Onyango. "African Union Counterterrorism Frameworks and Implementation Trends among Member States of the East African Community." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 76, no. 1 (2020): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974928419901197.
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Attacks from violent extremist organisations have reached unprecedented levels in Africa. Boko Haram, al-Shabaab, al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb and Islamic State and Sinai Peninsula activities account for the majority of high attacks and fatality rates. Their membership cuts across national borders; some have established a presence in local communities, while others are controlling territories in a number of states. This continues to happen despite regional measures such as the Algiers Plan of Action on the Prevention and Combating of Terrorism (2002) and the African Model Anti-Terrorism Law (2011) to contain the activities of violent extremist groups on the continent. The prevailing argument shows that the African Union has initiated several legislations and protocols to contain terrorism on the continent, but the Union lacks the capacity to enforce legislations. Relying on the cost–benefit theoretical explication, we conclude that member states of the East African Community prefer to partner with external organisations in counterterrorism programmes which result in conflicting cross-border rules and challenges in countering violent extremism in Africa.
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Salum, Mussa Haruna. "Lessons from West Africa: Strategies for preventing coups in the East African community." African Journal of Political Science and International Relations 18, no. 3 (2024): 50–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajpsir2024.1497.
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Mold, Andrew. "The consequences of Brexit for Africa: The case of the East African Community☆." Journal of African Trade 5, no. 1-2 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joat.2018.10.001.
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Smith, Edmond J. "‘Canaanising Madagascar’: Africa in English imperial imagination, 1635–1650." Itinerario 39, no. 2 (2015): 277–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115315000443.
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Africa has often been seen as a barrier between oceanic systems, and a dividing line within English imperial activity – with colonialism a key strategy to the west and trading favoured to the east of the continent. This article will consider English plans for colonisation on the islands of Madagascar and Assada on the east African coast and question how these can help us understand how the English thought about Africa as a geographical and imagined space within England’s developing imperial activities. This, in turn, will support an argument that English activities overseas operated within an environment where information was carefully controlled, created and disseminated to support the aims of the commercial community.
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Nyakairu, Doreen G. "The Burden of Malaria in East Africa: Epidemiology and Health Impact." INOSR APPLIED SCIENCES 12, no. 3 (2024): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/inosras/2024/12.3.2023.
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Malaria remains a significant public health challenge in East Africa, disproportionately affecting the region due to diverse ecological conditions, socioeconomic factors, and variable healthcare infrastructure. This review provides an overview of the epidemiological landscape and health impact of malaria in East African countries, including Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, and Ethiopia. The prevalence and distribution of malaria vary widely, with high transmission rates in specific regions and vulnerable groups, particularly children under five and pregnant women. The disease’s health impacts are profound, contributing to high morbidity and mortality, economic loss, and educational deficits, while placing a substantial burden on healthcare systems. Despite progress in malaria control efforts, challenges such as drug resistance, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and the need for sustained funding persist. The methodology for this review involved a comprehensive analysis of existing literature and epidemiological data on malaria in East Africa. Addressing these challenges requires a multifaceted approach that includes improved surveillance, targeted interventions, and community engagement to reduce the burden of malaria and improve health outcomes in the region. Keywords: Malaria Epidemiology, East Africa, Health Impact, Socioeconomic Burden, Malaria Control Strategies.
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Litali, Victoria, Gordon Opuodho, and Olanrewaju Fatoki. "Moderating the Role of Trade Openness on Foreign Portfolio Investment and Economic Growth among East Africa Community Countries." International Journal of Finance and Accounting 9, no. 3 (2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijfa.2639.
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Purpose: This study investigates the impact of foreign portfolio investment (FPI) on economic growth in East Africa using panel data for Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, and Burundi from 1974-2022. Methodology: The analysis employs a panel vector error correction model to estimate the short and long-run effects of FPI on growth. The study relied on secondary data sources for the period 1974-2022 with an annual frequency, implying 49 years of data. Data on foreign investment variables and macroeconomic control variables were sourced from the World Bank database, National Statistical Bureaus, Central Banks, and Stock Exchanges of the respective countries. Findings: The results indicate that FPI significantly positively impacts economic growth in East Africa. A 1% increase in FPI inflows as a share of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) boosts annual real GDP growth by approximately 10.7% in the long run. The findings are robust to the inclusion of moderating variables like trade openness. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The empirical analysis aimed to validate the Modern Portfolio Theory by examining if greater foreign portfolio investment flows contributed positively to economic growth in the East African region. The results lend support to policy efforts in East Africa to attract greater FPI through capital market reforms, regional integration, and macroeconomic stability. However, further developing financial markets and enhancing absorptive capacity is essential to leverage FPI more effectively for sustainable growth financing.
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Onono, Perez, Francis Omondi, and Alice Mwangangi. "Impacts of Regional Integration and Market Liberalization on Bilateral Trade Balances of Selected East African Countries: Potential Implications of the African Continental Free Trade Area." Economies 12, no. 6 (2024): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies12060155.
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This study examined the effect of free trade on intra-African bilateral trade balances for Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda, and Tanzania to assess the potential implications of the African Continental Free Trade area. The four countries have experienced persistent trade deficits. Whether free trade within Africa can improve the national trade balances, and the drivers of bilateral trade balances are important questions for policy and strategic programmes for the countries to make the most gains from free trade area. The econometric model estimated for each country is an extension of the standard Keynesian model of trade balance to include determinants of bilateral trade flows from the gravity model. Quantitative analysis using panel regression was augmented with qualitative data from interviews with trade policy experts and trade officials from various African countries and focus group discussions with small-scale cross-border traders at the Busia and Namanga border posts in East Africa. Findings show that complete tariff elimination on intra–African trade may not impact the bilateral trade balances of Kenya, Rwanda, and Tanzania but could improve bilateral trade balances for Uganda by 6 percent. Within the free trade areas, Uganda’s bilateral trade balances were higher within the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa but lower within the East African Community, than outside these areas. Kenya’s trade balances were lower in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, than otherwise. On the contrary, no significant difference in trade balances is established for the membership of Kenya, Rwanda, and Tanzania in the East African Community; Rwanda in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa; and Tanzania in the Southern African Development Community, when compared to trade balances with non-members. The importance of macroeconomic factors is demonstrated by the increase in bilateral trade balances with higher relative price levels of trade partners; the reduction with increase in relative production and expenditure capacities of trade partners; and improvements following a depreciation of home currency for Tanzania and Uganda, yet a worsening of trade balances in Kenya. A lack of harmony in documents required for cross-border movements within the free trade areas is reported as counterproductive. All African countries should therefore fully implement protocols and cooperate in the harmonization of trade procedures for the free movement of people and goods across borders. Country policies and trade programmes should pursue increased productivity in the leading intra-African export sectors and diversify exports via foreign direct investment in strategic sectors to substitute imports from outside Africa; reduce costs of production; increase the quality of products; and improve transport infrastructure.
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Lukas Mkuti, Sky. "Asymmetry and Power Disparity in East Africa: The Strength behind Interdependence and Cooperation in US-Kenya Counterterrorism." Issue 6 3, no. 6 (2022): 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.46606/eajess2022v03i06.0239.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined asymmetry and power disparity in US-Kenya bilateral relation to counterterrorism in East Africa. It employed a qualitative approach using a desktop approach. The study further employed secondary and primary data from incidents of terror attacks in East Africa since 9/11 period. The study is deemed significant because of notable persistent expansion of Al-Shabaab’s terrorist cells in the East African Region. Although this threat remains a concern to US-Kenya interests, the expansion of terror activities in regions such as the Central Africa and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) is alarming and brings relevance to this study. The study employed asymmetry theory as a benchmark to explain how international relations amongst states with visible power disparity can yield normalcy in bilateral and multilateral relations when tackling mutual insecurity threats such as terrorism. The study findings indicate that asymmetric bilateral relations are likely to respond positively to challenges posed by terrorism through counterterror measures pursued by means of interdependence and cooperation as is the case of US-Kenya asymmetric relationship. The counterterror measures employed through joint efforts despite the visible US-Kenya asymmetric power disparity present valuable lessons to the Southern African Region. Hence, the study recommends policy makers in Southern Africa to consider counterterror strategies that are incrementally multidimensional to better address the rising regional insecurities.