Relevant bibliographies by topics / East European Economic assistance

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'East European Economic assistance'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 27 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "East European Economic assistance"

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MINASSIAN, Garabed, and Victor YOTZOV. "FOREIGN CAPITAL INFLOWS IN CENTRAL AND EAST EUROPEAN COUNTRIES." Economy of Ukraine 2021, no. 11 (2021): 55–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2021.11.055.

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Free cross-border movement of goods and capital correlates with the general economic state of a country in both apparent and subtle ways. The intensity of financial and economic interactions with the outside world is an indicator of the sustainability and efficiency of the national economy. After joining the EU, all Member States liberalized the balance of payments (BoP), i.e. ensured free and unrestricted cross-border movement of goods and capital. For certain countries the liberalization of BoP was a considerable challenge, which they managed to successfully overcome. These were the EU count
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Yordanov, Radoslav. "The Long Misunderstanding: Cuba's Economic Ties with the Soviet Bloc." Journal of Cold War Studies 25, no. 4 (2023): 24–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_01169.

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Abstract This article examines the political and economic issues that arose in relations between the Soviet bloc and Cuba from 1959 through 1991, including the admission of Cuba into the Soviet-dominated Council for Economic Mutual Assistance (CMEA) in the early 1970s. The article breaks new ground by consulting previously unseen primary documents originating from the East European states and Cuba, which highlight the often contentious ties between the European CMEA states and Cuba. The East European governments were often dismayed by the egregious economic mismanagement of Fidel Castro's regi
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Fujisawa, Jun. "The End of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 67, no. 2 (2022): 532–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu02.2022.213.

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This paper analyzes the negotiations within the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance during the final years of its existence, focusing on the Soviet reform proposals and M. S. Gorbachev’s vision of the “Common European Home” as well as on Eastern European reaction to them. In the second half of the 1980s, Gorbachev tried to found a “unified market” for the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance by introducing a market-oriented reform of the organization. However, this attempt did not materialize because of the East German and Romanian objections. After the collapse of Eastern European social
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Marrese, Michael. "CMEA: effective but cumbersome political economy." International Organization 40, no. 2 (1986): 287–327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818300027156.

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The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance is primarily a forum for bilateral bargaining between the Soviet Union and each of the other CMEA countries. The bilateral negotiations are conducted with tremendous concern for Soviet long-term preferences and for the short-term economic-political stability of East European countries. The CMEA provides the Soviet Union with an effective but cumbersome politico-economic policy-making apparatus that is becoming less effective and increasingly cumbersome over time. From the East European perspective, the CMEA tends to solidify the positions of the East
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Scott, Norman. "Establishing and Financing of a Joint Venture." Revue générale de droit 19, no. 4 (2019): 787–819. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1058497ar.

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This article deals with a Guide prepared by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe concerning east-west joint ventures. The publication focusses on the issues arising in the establishment and operation of east-west joint ventures in those European members countries of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) which now allow this form of industrial co-operation in their respective territories — namely, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania and the Soviet Union. In parallel with that Guide, the author exposes the importance and the contents of the contract itself
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De Groot, Michael. "The Soviet Union, CMEA, and the Energy Crisis of the 1970s." Journal of Cold War Studies 22, no. 4 (2020): 4–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00964.

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Numerous scholars have claimed that the Soviet Union was a primary beneficiary of the 1973–1974 oil crisis. Drawing on archival evidence from Russia and Germany, this article challenges that interpretation, showing that the oil crisis forced Soviet policymakers to confront the limits of their energy industry and the effects of the crisis on their East European allies. Demand for Soviet energy outpaced production, forcing Soviet officials to weigh their need to compensate for economic shortcomings at home against their role as the guarantor of Communist rule in Eastern Europe. The Soviet decisi
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Yordanov, Radoslav. "Bittersweet solidarity: Cuba, Sugar and the Soviet bloc." Revista de Historia de América, no. 161 (July 12, 2021): 215–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.35424/rha.161.2021.855.

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This paper traces the complex sugar trade between Cuba and the East European Socialist states (the German Democratic Republic, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, and Hungary) from the Cuban revolution in 1959 until the dissolution of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) in 1991. To Cuba, selling its sugar to the Socialist states at above-world market prices was an expression of East European states’socialist solidarity. To the bloc states, it was a form of economic aid to Cuba. This formulation not only went against the preferred form of exchange within the CMEA, namely cooperation
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Flade, Falk. "Beyond socialist camaraderie. Cross-border railway between German Democratic Republic, Poland and Soviet Union (1950s–60s)." Journal of Transport History 40, no. 2 (2019): 251–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022526619845339.

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In order to facilitate cross-border railway transport between socialist countries in Eastern Europe, the Council of Mutual Economic Assistance and later the Organisation for Cooperation of Railways were established in 1949 and 1956. Joint planning, standardisation and tariff policy were the main fields of cooperation. The paper focuses on the struggles between Council of Mutual Economic Assistance and Organisation for Cooperation of Railways member countries regarding transit tariffs for cross-border freight shipments. These struggles, dragging on for more than three decades, reveal the econom
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Riabov, D. S. "ON THE REDUCTION OF LEGAL EXPENSES FOR PROFESSIONAL LEGAL ASSISTANCE IN ECONOMIC PROCEEDINGS." Actual problems of native jurisprudence 4, no. 4 (2021): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/392176.

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In this article, the author highlights the problems of improper application by national courts of the European Court of Human Rights practices. The author notes that the current Code of Commercial Procedure of Ukraine does not provide for an independent reduction by the court of expenses for professional legal assistance, unless the other party has filed a corresponding petition and proved their incommensurability, which fully reflects consolidation of the adversarial principle of parties in economic proceedings. At the same time, having reviewed the judicial practice of the Supreme Court, the
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Armel, Kaze. "Trilateral Cooperation." China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 06, no. 03 (2020): 311–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2377740020500189.

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Over the years, China has forged and mastered its own distinctive foreign aid practices as an emerging aid donor. China’s approach to foreign assistance has become highly appreciated as the country’s stature as a provider of economic assistance has matured. In 2013, under President Xi Jinping, Beijing introduced the Belt and Road Initiative, which has become a leading component of China’s foreign policy and triggered a new round of policy reform in its foreign aid agenda. In Africa, China’s foreign assistance has kept in line with the policy of equal treatment. It has shared its development ex
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "East European Economic assistance"

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Zytek, Roman. "Essays on east European economies." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39872.

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Bai, Xue. "Evaluation and suggestions on EU development assistance policy." Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2595841.

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Atabong, Etoke Andrew. "Efficient mechanisms for the delivery of development aid : a case study of The South East Consortium for International Development (SECID)." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30315.

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Klostermann, Eva Amelie. ""A comparison of the Cotonou Agreement and the AGOA: trade creating or trade diverting?"." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2196_1254400820.

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<p>This thesis has attempted to provide an analysis of two legal instruments<br>the Cotonou Agreement and the AGOA. Specific attention was directed to these instruments impact on trade between the European Union and the United States, respectively, and beneficiary African countries.</p>
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Tiusanen, Tauno J. "Western direct investments in European CMEA countries in the 1970s and 1980s." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284091.

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Jermoumi, Rabia. "Structural econometric model of the European Union olive oil sector /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3164515.

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Ndlovu, Ana Admiração. "Understanding development aid and state autonomy : the case of European Union budget support to Mozambique." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013218.

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Post-colonial states in Africa continue to pursue nation-building and socio-economic development. This process is taking place with the sustained support of global agencies in terms of development cooperation, assistance and aid. Insofar as an endogenous development path which speaks to national priorities can be formulated and implemented by post-colonial states, their relationship with these agencies raises serious questions about such a path if the relationship entails dependence and indeed subordination of post-colonial states. This raises important questions about state autonomy under pos
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Dam, Ewout. "European Innovation Policy through the European Regional Development Fund : A case study of East-Netherlands." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för fysisk planering, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-14965.

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In this study is analysed how the ERDF (European Regional Development Funding) in East-Netherlands approaches innovation and how this approach is shaped and complemented byEuropean, national and regional policy. This is done by analysing how the targeted interventionapproach and the institutional approach are used in the ERDF and adjacent policies. The twoapproaches are both based on a different argument on how innovation policy makes an impact.By doing this the study contributes to the analysis of European policy and it empirically appliesconcepts used in theory on innovation and regional eco
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Shen, Chyi. "Great power trade competition in East Asian markets /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9988699.

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Onyeji, Reginald, and Johan Karner. "Telecom Private Investment and Economic Growth : The Case of African and Central & East European Countries." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1161.

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<p>Abstract</p><p>This paper examines the contribution of telecommunication private investment to economic growth in Africa and CEE countries using graphical and regression analysis. Data for fourteen African countries and thirteen CEE countries were used for the empirical analysis. The time series data is from 1999-2005. The contribution of telecommunication private investment to economic growth was estimated to be positive but insignificant in the pooled regression analysis. After con-trolling for country specific effects and causality, the effect of telecommunication private investment on G
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Books on the topic "East European Economic assistance"

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Selucký, Radoslav. The present dilemma of Soviet-East European integration. Index e.V., 1985.

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Popper, Steven W. Western governmental assistance to Eastern Europe: The first steps. Rand, 1991.

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Pearce, Hardt John, Boone Jean F, and Atlantic Council of the United States. Task Force on Institutional Changes., eds. Strategies for facilitating East European & Soviet transformation: Consulation policy paper. Atlantic Council of the United States, 1990.

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Communities, Commission of the European. PHARE: Assistance for economic restructuring : Poland and Hungary : implementing procedures. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1990.

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Commission of the European Communities. Phare: Assistance for economic restructuring in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe : an operational guide. Commission of the European Communities, 1992.

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PHARE, ed. PHARE: Assistance for economic restructuring in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe : an operational guide. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1991.

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Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development., ed. Assistance programmes for Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1996.

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Giustiniani, Alessandro. Growth and catch-up in Central and Eastern Europe: Macroeconomic effects on western countries. International Finance Section, Dept. of Economics, Princeton University, 1992.

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Congress, U. S. Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989: Conference report (to accompany H.R. 3402). U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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Congress, U. S. Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989: Conference report (to accompany H.R. 3402). U.S. G.P.O., 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "East European Economic assistance"

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Tulmets, Elsa. "Between Solidarity, Responsibility and Interests: Assistance Policies and Economic Ties." In East Central European Foreign Policy Identity in Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137315762_7.

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Bartlett, Will. "The Drivers of EU Financial Assistance to the Western Balkans: Economic, Altruistic or Democracy Promotion Motives?" In New Perspectives on South-East Europe. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32205-1_2.

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Bracewell-Milnes, Barry. "The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance." In Economic Integration in East and West. Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003605027-14.

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Ingram, David. "The East European Communist Countries." In The Communist Economic Challenge. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003393313-9.

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Bornstein, Morris. "Soviet-East European Economic Relations." In East-West Relations and the Future of Eastern Europe. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003539933-8.

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Batt, Judy. "The Politics of Economic Transition." In Developments in East European Politics. Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22898-0_12.

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Bracewell-Milnes, Barry. "The European Economic Community: Integration." In Economic Integration in East and West. Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003605027-12.

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Smith, Alan. "East European Economic Relations under Communism." In The Return to Europe. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62942-8_4.

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Balaj, Barbara, Ishac Diwan, and Bernard Philippe. "External Assistance to the Palestinian Economy: What Went Wrong?" In Economic and Political Impediments to Middle East Peace. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333994269_11.

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Alarian, Hannah M. "Immigrant Economic Rights in the European Union." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25726-1_5.

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AbstractEconomic rights in many EU member states no longer distinguish between citizens to non-EU immigrants. How do these non-EU immigrants respond to expansive economic rights? This chapter argues that providing rights below citizenship improves the psychological, political, and social lives of non-EU immigrants within the EU. Combining cross-national surveys with policy indicators, I find that immigrant access to the labour market and social assistance are powerful tools for immigrant integration both above and below citizenship. Specifically, immigrants with equal opportunities to citizens
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Conference papers on the topic "East European Economic assistance"

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Abbas, Abiha, Muhammad Mustafa Tahir, Jay Liu, and Rofice Dickson. "Solar-Driven Hydrogen Economy Potential in the Greater Middle East: Geographic, Economic, and Environmental Perspectives." In The 35th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. PSE Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.153976.

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The production of hydrogen from solar energy has surged in popularity in recent years, driven by global initiatives to combat climate change. The Greater Middle East (GME) region, with its favorable geographical position, offers considerable potential for solar-based hydrogen generation. This study combines Geographic Information System (GIS) spatial analysis and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) with data-driven optimization models to assess land suitability and hydrogen production potential within the region under various scenarios. Findings highlight that water availability is the prim
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Muchaddam, Achmad, T. Surya, Achmad Wirabrata, Mohammad Teja, Teddy Prasetiawan, and Simela Muhamad. "Economic Empowerment of the People Through Farming Capital Assistance without Service Fees Study on Baitul Mal, Aceh Province." In Proceedings of the 1st Conference on Islamic Finance and Technology, CIFET, 21 September, Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.21-9-2019.2293947.

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Šliburytė, Laimona, and Rūta Masteikienė. "Impact of Globalization Processes on Economic Situation in the East- and Central European Countries." In The 7th International Scientific Conference "Business and Management 2012". Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Publishing House Technika, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2012.071.

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Diril, Funda. "Comparison of Fiscal Reforms in Some South and East European Transition Economies." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01014.

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The aim of this paper is to compare fiscal reforms of some of the transition economies in Balkans including The Republic of Macedonia. Since 1990’s former planned economies, which are in the process of economic transformation into market economy have carried out several reforms. During this economic transformation process both the effects and the results of these reforms vary according to the difference between the needs of structural change in each country. In this study, some of the selected transition economies in Balkans are analyzed: Some of the recent members of European Community in Bal
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Ahlstrand, R., M. Bie`th, H. Over, et al. "A New European Commission Initiative on Optimisation of Maintenance in Nuclear Power Plants." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71753.

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The European Commission has recently launched a new initiative dedicated to Nuclear Safety in Central and Eastern Europe called after “Safety of Eastern European Type Nuclear Facilities” (SENUF). SENUF contributes to bring together all stakeholders of the nuclear safety programs for the Technical Assistance to the Commonwealth of Independent States (TACIS) and the Poland Hungary Aid for Reconstruction of the Economy (PHARE): beneficiaries, end users, Eastern and Western nuclear industries, and thus, to favour fruitful technical exchanges and feedback of experience. At present, the main focus o
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Szabo, Mate. "From the West to the East and Back Again: Hungary’s Early Years in the Ryad." In 2020 Fifth International Conference “History of Computing in the Russia, former Soviet Union and Council for Mutual Economic Assistance countries” (SORUCOM). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sorucom51654.2020.9465042.

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Haller, Alina. "Sustainability and resilience from the perspective of the labour market of Central and East European (CEE) member states." In XIX International May Conference on Strategic Management – IMCSM24 Proceedings. University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/imcsm24025h.

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The paper examines the short-term relationship among the labour market and two key indices, namely the ESGI (Environment, Social, and Governmental Index) measuring sustainability-related risks, and the SRI (State Resilience Index), focusing on Central and Eastern European (CEE) member countries. The findings indicate that an expansion of the labour force contributes to heightened environmental, social, and governance risks, but enhances state resilience. Factors such as adapting to digitisation, enhancing quality of life amidst economic growth, and increased education levels contribute to a mo
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Piecuch, Jakub, and Lukasz Paluch. "The evolution of the agricultural sector in Central and East European countries after 12 years of membership in the EU on the example of Poland." In 19th International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2018". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2018.028.

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Bulat, Veronica, and Elena Carp. "The european experience in improving tourist security through green logistics best practices." In Rule of Law and Economic Resilience in the Context of Moldova's Accession to the European Union. Moldova State University, 2025. https://doi.org/10.59295/rler2024.33.

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This article explores various initiatives and measures implemented by the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) to protect tourists and revitalize international tourism. The International Code for the Protection of Tourists provides guidelines for safeguarding tourists' rights and managing crises. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, UNWTO launched the Global Guidelines to Restart Tourism, which include safety and security measures to restore travelers' confidence. Partnerships with the Council of Europe promote cultural routes as a means of sustainable development, protecting cultural herita
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Chechel, Anna. "Models of state support for forcibly displaced businesses in Ukraine." In Rule of Law and Economic Resilience in the Context of Moldova's Accession to the European Union. Moldova State University, 2025. https://doi.org/10.59295/rler2024.46.

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The current state of small and medium-sized businesses was studied, and it was established that the intensification of hostilities significantly destabilised the activities of domestic business entities. As a result of the escalation of armed aggression, 20% of domestic enterprises were forced to relocate within Ukraine and 4.4% - abroad. Models of state support for forcibly displaced businesses that suffered as a result of military actions on Ukraine’s territory were analyzed, which made it possible to identify existing problems and obstacles and determine the prospects for the recovery of sm
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Reports on the topic "East European Economic assistance"

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Romero, Antonio. The Political Dialogue and Cooperation Agreement and relations between European Union and Cuba. Fundación Carolina, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33960/issn-e.1885-9119.dtff01en.

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This document makes an assessment of the Political Dialogue and Cooperation Agreement (PDCA) between Cuba and the European Union (EU) in its four years of validity, and of the evolution of political and economic relations between both parties. The analysis is structured in five headings that address the background, determinants and significance of the PDCA between Cuba and the EU; the main elements discussed in the political dialogue —and in thematic dialogue— between the two parties since 2018, and the central aspects of trade, investment and cooperation relations between Cuba and the EU. The
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Fix, Jedediah, and Masud Rahman, eds. Host Communities and Refugees in the East and Horn of Africa and the Great Lakes. Joint Data Center on Forced Displacement, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.47053/jdc.080524.

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This JDC Digest explores the impacts of forced displacement on host communities in the EHAGL region, as well as opportunities to facilitate opportunities for refugees and other forcibly displaced persons through mobility, assistance and inclusion into national services. Our review unveils how refugee presence can spur development and enhance service infrastructure while reshaping local labor dynamics. Central to our findings is the crucial role of refugee self-reliance and mobility in fostering economic and social integration. However, the review also underscores the need for further research,
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Ádám, Zoltán. Politicizing war: Viktor Orbán’s right-wing authoritarian populist regime and the Russian invasion of Ukraine. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/rp0021.

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Soon after Viktor Orbán returned to power in 2010, Vladimir Putin’s Russia became a strategic ally for Hungary. This was a somewhat surprising development for a country with a history of mass movements for political freedom crushed with the assistance of Russian troops. Yet, unlike virtually all his European allies on the radical and populist Right, Orbán has supported Putin even during his campaign against Ukraine. As this has not been without political and economic costs for Hungary, the question emerges as to why Orbán has been so loyal to Putin. The report presents three complementary expl
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Brown, Charlotte, and Costanza Torre. Key Considerations: Food Assistance Prioritisation in Refugee Settlements in Uganda and its Impacts. Institute of Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2024.054.

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This brief provides considerations around the humanitarian and policy implications of the general food and cash assistance (GFA) prioritisation strategy in Uganda’s refugee settlements. In light of ongoing cuts to humanitarian funding, the considerations in this brief are relevant to refugee-hosting countries in and beyond East Africa. Globally, protracted emergencies and displacement situations are increasingly undergoing severe and chronic underfunding.1 In the face of ever-shrinking funding, humanitarian settings have recently seen the introduction of ‘prioritisation exercises’. These exerc
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Chandrasekhar, C. P. The Long Search for Stability: Financial Cooperation to Address Global Risks in the East Asian Region. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp153.

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Forced by the 1997 Southeast Asian crisis to recognize the external vulnerabilities that openness to volatile capital flows result in and upset over the post-crisis policy responses imposed by the IMF, countries in the sub-region saw the need for a regional financial safety net that can pre-empt or mitigate future crises. At the outset, the aim of the initiative, then led by Japan, was to create a facility or design a mechanism that was independent of the United States and the IMF, since the former was less concerned with vulnerabilities in Asia than it was in Latin America and that the latter
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Nelson Moro, Leben, and Jennifer Palmer. Meeting report: The impact of global aid funding cuts on people and programmes in South Sudan. Institute of Development Studies, 2025. https://doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2025.031.

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Low-income countries are reeling from the sudden and wide-ranging cuts to U.S. government foreign assistance, as well as from announcements that several European donor governments are also reducing their contributions. Among the worst affected is South Sudan, a country which is experiencing multiple, intersecting crises. These crises include a breakdown in the 2018 revitalised peace agreement, a severe economic recession made worse by the war in neighbouring Sudan, a food crisis, widespread chronic flooding and outbreaks of disease. Some groups of people are particularly vulnerable, such as in
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Wolfmaier, Susanne, Adrian Foong, and Christian König. Climate, conflict and COVID-19: How does the pandemic affect EU policies on climate-fragility? Adelphi research gemeinnützige GmbH, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/casc018.

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The links between climate change and conflict have been well-documented in recent observations and academic literature: far from being causally direct, these links often depend on specific conditions and occur through certain pathways (Koubi, 2019). For example, conflicts have been found to be more likely in areas with poor access to infrastructure and facilities (Detges, 2016), or where government distrust and political bias are prevalent (Detges, 2017). As such, climate change has often been described as a ‘threat multiplier’, making it imperative for security and development actors to consi
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Müller, Gustavo, Kolja Rauber, Monika Sus, and Akhil Deo. Diversification of International Relations and the EU: Understanding the Challenges. EsadeGeo. Center for Global Economy and Geopolitics, 2021. https://doi.org/10.56269/202110gm.

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This working paper sheds light on the ongoing transformations of the global order and the growing diversification of international relations. It presents and analyses the major trends and drivers that will shape international relations and international security in the decades ahead, and their possible impact on the European Union’s security and its external action. It argues that a gravitational shift of world affairs, which move from West to East, is underpinned by the long-term geoeconomic, geopolitical and normative rise of the Indo-Pacific Region and, above all, the rise of China. At the
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Sergeyev, Mykola. Ukrainian National Idea in the Modern Ukrainian Media Space. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11407.

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M. Sergeyev’s article “Ukrainian National Idea in the Modern Ukrainian Media Space” states that modern Ukrainian philosophical thought tries to get rid of the flaws and stereotypes of its one-sided orientation “to the East” and tries to establish a European orientation in the minds of Ukrainian citizens. The theoretical proof of the new worldview took place throughout the formation of the Ukrainian state from Little Russia to Ukraine and presents its actual struggle for independence. It is an integral concept that reflects the process of forming theories and views of prominent Ukrainian thinke
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Price, Nichole N., Caird Rexroad, Charlotte Quigley, Karen Stamieszkin, Richard Langton, and Rachel Sipler, eds. Farming seagrasses and seaweeds. Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2024.8633526.ers.

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In 2019, the United States Congress charged the Secretary of Agriculture, in coordination with the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, to establish a working group to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of U.S. seaweeds and seagrass farming, describing its current state, its potential to drive economic growth through production of livestock feeds and other commercial applications, and improve ocean health through deacidification. USDA partnered with Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences (BLOS), a global research institution located in East Boothbay, Maine, for
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