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1
Stevens, Richard. "Trades councils in the East Midlands, 1929-1951 : trade unionism and politics in a #traditionally moderate' area." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294553.
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McCoy, Jan. "Eat to Win." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295629.
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Västermark, Martin. "Grid Code Compliance – Wind farm HVDC connection." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-204629.
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A rapid development of offshore wind power is planned in GB as a part to fulfil the EU2020 targets. 25 GW wind power capacity has been awarded to developers in nine different offshore zones outside the coast of UK. VSC-HVDC transmission is expected to be a both technical and economical favourable solution for transmitting the power into the main grid. This study investigates if such a transmission solution could comply with the regulatory framework in UK. Vattenfall and Scottish Energy Renewable will be part of this development and have been awarded the rights to develop 7200 MW of wind capacity outside the cost of East Anglia as a part of the offshore expansion plans in UK. The zone is broken down to several projects. The first project is called East Anglia ONE and this project is used as a reference case in this study. The GB Grid Code has been broken down into four areas, voltage and frequency variations; fault ride through requirements, active power control and reactive power control. Load flow calculations and dynamic simulations are designed to investigate compliance of each area. Further, simulations to investigate the interaction between the wind turbines and the offshore converter stations where done. A model representing East Anglia ONE was built in PSS/E and used to investigate grid codes compliance by load flow calculations and dynamic simulations. Data from earlier studies at Vattenfall was used to get a good representation of the wind park. A model representing a HVDC-transmission solution was provided by ABB. The results from load flow calculations and simulations show that a HVDC-solution can comply with the investigated parts of the grid codes. The limiting factor seems to be the capability to inject enough reactive power to the gird at small voltage dips during normal operation. This capability can, however, be enhanced with the right tap-changer settings at the onshore converter transformer.
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Fujimoto, Hiroko. "The New Voice of Murakami Haruki: Workable Identity and the Power of the Story in The Wind-up Bird Chronicle." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/560507.
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Freeman, Michelle, and Gary Burkette. "VITA Programs on a College Campus: Create a Win-Win for Students, Professors, Alumni, Employers and Community." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6426.
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In the spring 2017 semester, East Tennessee State University (ETSU) hosted an on-campus Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) program. Through a series of discussions with other department faculty, it was decided to offer the experience as an internship for accounting students who had completed the federal income tax course in our accounting curriculum. Although one could easily see the benefits of VITA for taxpayers who received the service, I personally had no idea what a blessing the experience would be, nor did I recognize the positive ripple effects it would have for students, alumni and employers. This article will explain what the VITA program is and the process to develop a VITA site.
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Gorton, Luke. "Through the Grapevine: Tracing the Origins of Wine." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1396400700.
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Fang, Fang. "Promoting wind power in China : welfare analysis of Mandated Market Share (MMS) a cultural perspective /." Oslo : Økonomisk institutt, Universitetet i Oslo, 2007. http://www.duo.uio.no/publ/okonomisk/2007/62053/FangxFangxsxthesis.pdf.
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Mungai, John Gaturu. "A numerical investigation of the influence of monsoonal wind reversals over the East African coastal ocean." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/6496.
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Includes abstract.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-94).<br>In this dissertation, the variability in the East African coastal ocean (Somali basin) due to the monsoon transition is investigated. The monsoon is characterized by wind reversals and seasonality in the precipitation of a region. The surface circulation of the western Indian Ocean during the summer (JAS) and winter (JFM) monsoon winds is investigated using the Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS) ROMS is forced with the Comprehensive Ocean Atmosphere Data Sets (COADS) while the initial and lateral boundary conditions are derived from the World Ocean Atlas The domain area of the model study is constrained by 10•S to 15'N and 3S"E to 55"E, An overview of the surface circulation of the Somali basin is given. discussing the Somali Current East African Coastal Current, South Equatorial Counter Current Southern Gyre, and the Great Whirl The motivation of this dissertation is to improve the understanding of the circulation patterns within the Somali Basin from intra seasonal to seasonal timescales, using the ROMS model The model results suggest a seasonally reversing Somali current with a sub-surface counter current, consistent with observations_ Other prominent features such as the Great Whirl, which occurs during the Southwest monsoon and the Southern Gyre, are also apparent in the simulation The East African Coastal Current (EACC) and the South Equatorial Counter Current (SECCI are also major features of the Somali basin circulation that are equally apparent from the model simulation The model equally reproduces the equatorial jets as expected during the transition period of April/May and October/November with the net result of mass transport from the western end of the basin towards the east.
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Massatti, Robert T. "A floristic inventory of the east slope of the Wind River Mountain Range and vicinity, Wyoming." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1402194051&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Han, Yungkyung. "Middle Eastern Style Influences in Shulamit Ran’s Flute Compositions." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1396533444.
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Sawyer, Charles. "Meeting Future Electricity Needs in the East African Community : Mapping Renewable Energy Potential." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-284462.
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The East African Community (EAC) is an intergovernmental organisation comprised of six countries, five of which are classed as having a low development level and one of which is classed as medium. The region has low rates of human development and electrical connectivity but is committed to meeting the universal access and clean energy goals of Sustainable Development Goal 7. This thesis seeks to explore the renewable energy potential of the EAC at a regional level. There is little study of the energy situation of the EAC as a specific region, contrasting this work to the majority of similar analyses that focus on the national or sub-Saharan level. The potential for solar PV and wind power in the EAC was examined through an analysis of existing energy systems, a simplified multi-criteria analysis through geographical information systems, and a comparison with similar work by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). The region was shown to have a small but growing electricity sector and a primary energy system dominated by traditional biomass. The mapping analysis identified large areas across all studied countries as potentially suitable for on- or off-grid renewable energy. It also highlighted issues with the results of IRENA’s work in its current form. Solar PV and wind energy potential across the EAC is shown to be high, with a low carbon electricity sector consequently a possibility for the region in the future.<br>Den Östafrikanska Gemenskapen (EAC) är en mellanstatlig organisation av sex länder. Fem av de länderna har en låg utvecklingsnivå och en är klassificerad som medelnivå. Regionen har låg mänsklig utveckling och tillgång till elkraft men har bestämt att uppfylla globala målen 7: säkerställa tillgång till ekonomiskt överkomlig, tillförlitlig, hållbar och modern energi för alla. Denna uppsats utforskade potentialen för förnybar energi i den EAC på en regional nivå. Potentialen för solenergi och vindkraft i EAC undersöktes genom en analys av befintliga energisystem, en förenklad multikriterianalys genom geografiska informationssystem (GIS) och en jämförelse med liknande arbete från den International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). En liten men växande elsektor och ett primärt energisystem dominerat av traditionell biomassa identifierades i regionen. Kartläggningsanalysen identifierade stora områden i alla studerade länder som lämpliga för förnybar energi på, eller utanför, elnätet. Analysen fann också problem med resultaten från IRENAs arbete med Global Atlas of Renewable Energy projektet. Det finns god potential för sol- och vindkraft i EAC och möjligheten av ett lågkoldioxidenergisystem är diskuterade som en potential framtid för regionen.
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Gao, Xiongya. "Images of Chinese women in Pearl S. Buck's novels : a study of characterization in East wind, west wind, Pavilion of woman, Peony, The good earth, and The mother." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/862280.
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This study is an analysis of images of Chinese women in five of Pearl S. Buck's novels: East Wind: West Wind, The Good Earth, The Mother, Pavilion of Women, and Peony. Buck's female characters, with their different degrees of individuality and typicality, form a realistic picture of Chinese women.In terms of thematic content, the study shows that all Buck's female characters use their limited power within the constraints of their society to achieve what they deserve, often employing different, covert ways, some manipulation, and even a little deception.The significance of this is that it reveals, in an artistic way, the social conditions under which Chinese women at Buck's times lived. Chinese women had been very much oppressed. In order to survive, they had to act in ways acceptable by their society. However, they had, just as their male counterparts, the desire to love, to be happy, to maintain dignity, and to be free. What is more important, they were intelligent, courageous, and capable of fighting to achieve their goals for themselves.Buck portrays her female characters both as typical of Chinese women in general and as strong individual figures, each facing different conflicts, in a variety of social, familial situations, with unique characteristics. In order for the Western readers to understand the cultural content in which the individuals function, Buck gives her Chinese characters enough typicality as a solid foundation for the Westerners to interpret their behaviors.It is not difficult for the reader to see how the Confucian doctrines and the social conditions concerning Chinese women are truthfully reflected in the novels herein analyzed. Therefore, different degrees of individualization of these characters result from differing themes of the novels in which they appear.<br>Department of English
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Willén, Jenny. "International trade with waste : do developed countries use the third world as a garbage-can or can it be a possible win-win situation? /." Uppsala : Uppsala University. Department of Economics, 2008. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:132259/FULLTEXT01.
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Fang, Chin-Lung. "Predictability of Japan/East Sea (JES) system to uncertain initial/lateral boundary conditions and surface winds." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03sep%5FFang.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology and Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2003.<br>Thesis advisor(s): Peter C. Chu, Steve Haeger. Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-77). Also available online.
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Fisher, Ben. "Creating new pathways in peripheral regional economies : the offshore wind and printable electronics industries in the North East of England." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3051.
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This thesis contributes to the emerging body of work on evolutionary economic geography focused upon understanding how new growth paths emerge. Path creation is conceptualised as a latent element within a more open and dynamic understanding of path dependency. The approach moves beyond firm-centric accounts by identifying and explaining the multi-faceted nature and interplay of multi-scalar social and institutional agents, factors and conditions that shape mechanisms of path creation. This conceptual framework is utilised to compare, contrast and explain the processes underpinning the heterogeneous path creation and development of the offshore wind and printable electronics industries in the North East region of England. The empirical analysis illustrates the varied forms and interconnectivity of path creation mechanisms that shaped, and were shaped by, progressive phases of multi-scalar socio-institutional agents, contexts and policy interventions. Evolving from an episode characterised by the mindful deviation of entrepreneurs in firm and non-firm organisations, the printable electronics and offshore wind paths entered a period of rapid development stimulated by a decade of national state-led enabling frameworks, resources and contextual regional policy intervention. The momentum in the offshore wind path evolved to a point that demonstrated elements of path dependency and ongoing adaptation. Whereas radical shifts amongst multi-scalar state institutions removed the strategic niche environment incubating the printable electronics path, creating a policy vacuum leading to regression of the developing pathway. The path creation framework developed here demonstrates the importance and influence of multi-scalar actors, institutional contexts and contextual policy prescriptions in supporting and framing the tensions between enabling and constraining environments that shape path creation in episodic and temporary ways.
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Flora, Bethany, Virginia Foley, Deborah Joyner, and Donald W. Good. "From Grapes to Wine: Traditional to Online Doctoral Programs." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/250.
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This panel from East Tennessee State University (ETSU) shared a wide variety of opportunities and challenges in moving well-established face-to-face programs to fully online delivery formats. The panel represented a rich history of professional experience and teaching in higher education administration, PK-12 administration, and program development and marketing. Originally scheduled as a roundtable discussion, the presentation was moved to a breakout session and was well-attended. Panel members shared discussion, comments, and audience questions. Content proximal to the presentation focused on four areas involved in the collaborative move to an online delivery of a doctoral program: Notification, Development, Approval, and Implementation. However, audience participation drove discussions into areas of adult learning constructs, tuition, accreditation, and much more.
Notification as a central topic was a review of the political and historical perspectives leading to ETSU’s program change when the Tennessee Board of Regents (TBR) announced a state-level initiative to move programs to online formats. ETSU had a fortyyear history of delivering a strong and well-respected Doctor of Education program, but. as the state-level movement continued, it was clear that ETSU would lead the way with its program.
Development was the process of moving a rigorous program from the classroom to a fully online program. During this phase additional instructors were hired and resources were provided for training and curriculum change to accommodate non-traditional delivery models. Because of the state support and interest in moving this project, the program change occurred over an amazingly short time frame — approximately eight months.
Approval as a phase occurred in concert with development as course work had to meet online guidelines and many courses were reviewed through processes in the department of educational technology. Approval phase issues also addressed accreditation issues pertaining to the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools requiring online courses to retain rigor and be equivalent in content to the same or similar course delivered in a traditional construct.
Implementation emerged as a review of the issues and opportunities of practical change in delivery models. As we all have experienced, no amount of training or preparation can remove the classroom moment of loss of connectivity or the inherent difficulties of getting students comfortable with using tools in a virtual environment. Questions from the audience moved panel participants into discussions of the wide variety of university resources for graduate students in online programs, including but not limited to a myriad of library resources, technology help resources, and lower tuition rates through an online consortium that allows online students to have access to in-state tuition rates. In the panel dialogue with the audience, it appeared that the ETSU program migration, though swift, was very thorough. One area that seemed to engage all was a possibility of moving toward strengthening culture in online programming through resources for family members of graduate students in online programming.
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Soares, Victor da Conceição. "Perspetivas de utilização do potencial eólico em Timor-Leste." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/19423.
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A exigência energética global está mais orientada para a utilização das fontes de
Energias Renováveis (FERs), comprometendo e garantindo um desenvolvimento
sustentável. Este trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir para o atingir das metas do PED
2011-2030, no que refere à utilização das FER, em particular do potencial eólico em
Timor-Leste. Timor-Leste tem apresentado um grande interesse na política de
aproveitamento de FER para alcançar a meta de longo prazo de PED 2030,
comprometendo-se com o desenvolvimento sustentável através de ERs. Este trabalho
pretende contribuir em particular com o estudo do aproveitamento de energia eólica.
Com base no clima do vento de longo termo entre 2004 – 2012, da estação
meteorológica (EM) de Díli e conjugando estes com os dados da campanha
experimental de Martifer cedidos, de Dezembro 2008 - Novembro 2009, obteve-se o
coeficiente de variabilidade (Cvariab.) inter-anual. Foi assim possível construir o mapa
médio do vento de longo termo, com modelo atmosférico de mesoscala, numa resolução
refinada de 3×3 km. Para a identificação dos locais mais favoráveis do vento, foi
utilizado o modelo ArcGIS para georreferenciação do recurso. A filtragem das
restrições e os constrangimentos do terreno permitiu construir o mapa do vento
sustentável de Timor-Leste, por distritos, subdistritos, sucos, do enclave de Oecússi e a
ilha de Atauro, o que conduziu à hierarquização de cinco zonas favoráveis (zona 1 - 5).
A contribuição para o plano energético de Timor-Leste consiste em duas fases: -
a 1ª fase o aproveitamento eólico em três PEs nas zonas monitorizadas (3 e 5) oriundo
de dados cedidos pela Martifer, contabilizou-se um total de 424.694 MWh de produção
de energia anual, tendo-se verificado o custo normalizado de energia (LCOE) no valor
médio calculado de 0,046 €/kWh; - na 2ª fase a construção de acesso e o
desenvolvimento de PEs nas zonas 1, 2 e 4 para o Cenário de Max-Renovável. Assim
sendo, viabilizam a "Perspetiva de Utilização da Energia Eólica" no quadro do PED
2011 - 2030 de Timor-Leste, que viria reduzir o custo de produção de energia atual, e a
emissão de CO2; Abstract:
Prospects of Using Wind Energy in Timor-Leste
The demand for global energy is more focused on the use of Reneweable Energy
sources (REs), ensuring and committing itself to sustainable development. This study
was prompted by the wish to contribute to the achievement the goals of the Strategic
Development Plan (PED 2011-2030) regarding the use of REs, particularly the wind
energy in Timor-Leste. Timor-Leste has presented a great interest in the use of
renewable energy sources policy to achieve the long term goal of the PED 2030,
committing to a sustainable development through renewable energy. This thesis intends
to contribute in particular with the study of the use of wind energy.
Based on the long term wind climate between 2004 and 2012 of the Díli weather
station and combining these data with the Martifer campaign experimental data of
December 2008 - November 2009, the interannual variation coefficient (Cv) was
obtained. Thus, it was possible to build the map of long term average wind with
atmospheric mesoscale model in a refined resolution of 3×3 km.
The ArcGIS model was used for the identification of the most favorable
locations of the wind for its georeferencing. The constraining of filtering and the
constraints of the terrain allowed to construe the sustainable wind map of Timor-Leste
in distritos, subdistritos, sucos, and also of the enclave of Oecussi and Atauro island,
which led to the ranking of five favorable areas (zone 1-5) for an immediate
experimental campaign of wind characterization and utilization of this resource in wind
parks. The contribution to Timor-Leste's energy plan consists of two phases: - the first
phase of three wind farms in zone (3 and 5) from data provided by Martifer, a total of
424,694 MWh, and levelyzed cost of electricity (LCOE) in the calculated average value
of 0.046 €/kWh; - in the second phase the construction of access and development of
wind farms in zones 1, 2 and 4 for the Max-Renewable Scenario. As such, they make
possible the "Perspective of Wind Energy Use" in Timor Leste’s PED 2011 - 2030,
which would reduce current energy production costs and CO2 emissions.
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Rajaonarison, Tahiry Andriantsoa. "A Geodynamic Investigation of Continental Rifting and Mantle Rheology: Madagascar and East African Rift case studies." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/102410.
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Continental rifting is an important geodynamic process during which the Earth's outer-most rigid shell undergoes continuous stretching resulting in continental break-up and theformation of new oceanic basins. The East African Rift System, which has two continentalsegments comprising largely of the East African Rift (EAR) to the West and the easternmostsegment Madagascar, is the largest narrow rift on Earth. However, the driving mechanismsof continental rifting remain poorly understood due to a lack of numerical infrastructure tosimulate rifting, the lack of knowledge of the underlying mantle dynamics, and poor knowl-edge of mantle rheology. Here, we use state-of-art computational modeling of the upper660 km of the Earth to: 1) provide a better understanding of mantle flow patterns and themantle rheology beneath Madagascar, 2) to elucidate the main driving forces of observedpresent-day∼E-W opening in the EAR, and 3) to investigate the role of multiple plumesor a superplume in driving surface deformation in the EAR. In chapter 1, we simulate EdgeDriven convection (EDC), constrained by a lithospheric thickness model beneath Madagas-car. The mantle flow associated with the EDC is used to calculate induced olivine aggregates'Lattice Preferred Orientation (LPO), known as seismic anisotropy. The predicted LPO isthen used to calculate synthetic seismic anisotropy, which were compared with observationsacross the island. Through a series of comparisons, we found that asthenospheric flow result-ing from undulations in lithospheric thickness variations is the dominant source of the seismicanisotropy, but fossilized structures from an ancient shear zone may play a role in southern
Madagascar. Our results suggest that the rheological conditions needed for the formationof seismic anisotropy, dislocation creep, dominates the upper asthenosphere beneath Mada-gascar and likely other continental regions. In chapter 2, we use a 3D numerical model ofthe lithosphere-asthenosphere system to simulate instantaneous lithospheric deformation inthe EAR and surroundings. We test the hypothesis that the∼E-W extension of the EAR isdriven by large scale forces arising from topography and internal density gradients, known aslithospheric buoyancy forces. We calculate surface deformation solely driven by lithosphericbuoyancy forces and compare them with surface velocity observations. The lithosphericbuoyancy forces are implemented by imposing observed topography at the model surfaceand lateral density variations in the crust and mantle down to a compensation depth of 100km. Our results indicate that the large-scale∼E-W extension across East Africa is driven bylithospheric buoyancy forces, but not along-rift surface motions in deforming zones. In chap-ter 3, we test the hypothesis that the anomalous northward rift-parallel deformation observedin the deforming zones of the EAR is driven by viscous coupling between the lithosphereand deep upwelling mantle material, known as a superplume, flowing northward. We testtwo end-member plume models including a multiple plumes model simulated using high res-olution shear wave tomography-derived thermal anomaly and a superplume model (Africansuperplume) simulated by imposing a northward mantle-wind on the multiple plumes model.Our results suggest that the horizontal tractions from northward mantle flow associated withthe African Superplume is needed to explain observations of rift-parallel surface motions indeforming zones from GNSS/GPS data and northward oriented seismic anisotropy beneaththe EAR. Overall, this work yields a better understanding of the geodynamics of Africa.<br>Doctor of Philosophy<br>Continental rifting is an important geodynamic process during which the Earth's outer-most rigid shell undergoes continuous stretching resulting in continental break-up and theformation of new oceanic basins. The East African Rift System, which has two continentalsegments comprising largely of the East African Rift (EAR) to the West and the easternmostsegment Madagascar, is the largest narrow rift on Earth. However, the driving mechanismsof continental rifting remain poorly understood due to a lack of numerical infrastructure tosimulate rifting, the lack of knowledge of the underlying mantle dynamics, and poor knowl-edge of mantle rheology. Here, we use state-of-art computational modeling of the upper660 km of the Earth to: 1) provide a better understanding of mantle flow patterns and themantle rheology beneath Madagascar, 2) to elucidate the main driving forces of observedpresent-day∼E-W opening in the EAR, and 3) to investigate the role of multiple plumesor a superplume in driving surface deformation in the EAR. In chapter 1, we simulate EdgeDriven convection (EDC), constrained by a lithospheric thickness model beneath Madagas-car. The mantle flow associated with the EDC is used to calculate induced olivine aggregates'Lattice Preferred Orientation (LPO), known as seismic anisotropy. The predicted LPO isthen used to calculate synthetic seismic anisotropy, which were compared with observationsacross the island. Through a series of comparisons, we found that asthenospheric flow result-ing from undulations in lithospheric thickness variations is the dominant source of the seismicanisotropy, but fossilized structures from an ancient shear zone may play a role in southern
Madagascar. Our results suggest that the rheological conditions needed for the formationof seismic anisotropy, dislocation creep, dominates the upper asthenosphere beneath Mada-gascar and likely other continental regions. In chapter 2, we use a 3D numerical model ofthe lithosphere-asthenosphere system to simulate instantaneous lithospheric deformation inthe EAR and surroundings. We test the hypothesis that the∼E-W extension of the EAR isdriven by large scale forces arising from topography and internal density gradients, known aslithospheric buoyancy forces. We calculate surface deformation solely driven by lithosphericbuoyancy forces and compare them with surface velocity observations. The lithosphericbuoyancy forces are implemented by imposing observed topography at the model surfaceand lateral density variations in the crust and mantle down to a compensation depth of 100km. Our results indicate that the large-scale∼E-W extension across East Africa is driven bylithospheric buoyancy forces, but not along-rift surface motions in deforming zones. In chap-ter 3, we test the hypothesis that the anomalous northward rift-parallel deformation observedin the deforming zones of the EAR is driven by viscous coupling between the lithosphereand deep upwelling mantle material, known as a superplume, flowing northward. We testtwo end-member plume models including a multiple plumes model simulated using high res-olution shear wave tomography-derived thermal anomaly and a superplume model (Africansuperplume) simulated by imposing a northward mantle-wind on the multiple plumes model.Our results suggest that the horizontal tractions from northward mantle flow associated withthe African Superplume is needed to explain observations of rift-parallel surface motions indeforming zones from GNSS/GPS data and northward oriented seismic anisotropy beneaththe EAR. Overall, this work yields a better understanding of the geodynamics of Africa.
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Hung, Meng-Pai. "THE EVALUATION OF THE EAST GREENLAND SEA ODDEN ICE FEATURE USING THE COMMUNITY CLIMATE SYSTEM MODEL3.0 (CCSM3.0)." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250265410.
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Wallin, Emelie, and Emelie Åström. ""Trade wars are good, and easy to win" : A study of Trump’s steel tariffs and international trade." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149619.
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For a long time, free trade has been considered the optimal trade pattern for a country to increase its welfare. This idea has however been put to the test by the ongoing steel tariff implementations by the United States. President Donald Trump has argued that foreign production and export is hurting the American steel industry. This paper will examine the effects and consequences of these tariffs from a trade theory point of view and analyze the potential risk of a trade war. Further, it will discuss whether this trade policy is an optimal way for the United States to improve its economy which will be related to data on the United States’history of trade and its membership in the World Trade Organization, WTO. The main findings of this paper are that if the country that imposes the tariffs are considered as being a large country and the tariffs are optimal, it can increase the country’s welfare. Another finding is that the negotiating of quotas instead of tariffs might have a similar effect for the implementing country depending on if they receive the quota rents, and a combination of tariffs and quotas might not diminish US role as a large country which means that the US can gain a positive welfare effect of the trade barriers. Actions like these might however be considered as violations of the WTO agreements and retaliation from other countries are likely. Furthermore, the historical data on the United States indicates that tariffs in general can have a positive effect on its GDP.
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Sauter, Sabine Christina Anna [Verfasser], and Ewald [Akademischer Betreuer] Frie. "Dust Bowls Down Under : An Environmental History of Wind Erosion in the South-East of Australia, 1929–1945/46 / Sabine Christina Anna Sauter ; Betreuer: Ewald Frie." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1167311329/34.
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Casucci, Brad A. "A Cold Wind: Local Maasai Perceptions of the Common Health Landscape in Narok South." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1436799334.
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Drbohlav, Lukáš. "Vyhodnocení spotřeby osobní lodi." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219883.
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This thesis is focused on a design and an implementation of a power consumption computation for a passenger vessel using the industrial automation system Siemens Simatic S7-200 and the touch panel Weintek Easy View MT8150X. A part of the thesis represents a theoretical summary of features and parametres of the programmable logic controllers (PLC) and a way how they are programmed. The work includes a description of a computational algorithm, a block diagram of interconnections and a visualization software for testing. A greater part of this publication is devoted to a detailed decription of a program in the PLC and its visualization, especially the power consumption computation, a distance, an average speed and a wind speed and a direction. At the end, the thesis shows a procedure for an implementation and a measurement on the passenger ships at the Brno dam, including an evaluation of downloaded data.
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Seymour, John. "Syncretisms for wind quintet and percussion: A study in combining organizational principles from Southeast Asian music with western stylistic elements." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc6055/.
Full textAbstract:
Syncretisms is an original composition scored for flute, oboe, clarinet, horn, bassoon, and marimba (2-mallet minimum, 4 recommended) with an optional percussion part requiring glockenspiel and chimes, and has an approximate duration of 6 min. 45. sec. The composition combines modern western tuning, timbre, and harmonic language with organizational principles identified in music from Southeast Asia (including music from cultures found in Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, and Indonesia). The accompanying paper describes each of these organizational principles, drawing on the work of scholars who have performed fieldwork, and describes the way in which each principle was employed in Syncretisms. The conclusion speculates on a method for comparing musical organizational systems cross-culturally.
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Bourg, Natacha. "Interactions between boundary currents, fronts and eddies in the Northern Current and the East Australian Current. : Transport dynamics and application to the journey of Physalia spp." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TOUL0001.
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Les courants de bords, caractérisés par de fortes vitesses et de nombreuses interactions dynamiques avec les marges continentales, sont les principaux moteurs de la variabilité océanique dans les régions côtières qu’ils traversent. La première partie de cette thèse se concentre sur les observations Radar Haute-Fréquence du Courant Nord dans la Méditerranée Nord-Occidentale et du courant est-australien dans l’océan Pacifique Sud. Nous étudions la variabilité saisonnière et interannuelle du courant et le développement de tourbillons de (sous) méso-échelle dans le système du Courant Nord. Concernant le courant est-Australien, nous examinons plus particulièrement sa dynamique de séparation, ses caractéristiques frontales et son impact sur la concentration de chlorophylle-a en surface.Les courants de bord, de par leur grande étendue et leur position le long du plateau continental,sont importants car ils agissent à la fois comme des barrières et des courroies de transport de matière passive. La deuxième partie se concentre sur Physalia spp., un organisme urticant pseudo-passif flottant à la surface de l’océan qui atteint régulièrement les côtes australiennes. Nous avons pu estimer l’impact relatif des variables météo-marines sur leur échouage. A partir d’expériences en laboratoire, nous établissons une paramétrisation de la dérive de maquettes 3D de Physalia spp. induite par le vent. Ce résultat,intégré dans une modélisation de suivi lagrangien selon des scénarios typiques du courant est-Australien nous permet de déterminer l’influence cumulée du vent et du courant sur les trajectoires des Physalia spp. Les résultats présentés dans cette thèse contribuent à la connaissance de deux courants de bord, caractérisés par des échelles et des modes de variabilité différents, et illustrent leur rôle dans le transport de matière passive à travers l’étude de la dérive de Physalia spp<br>Boundary currents, characterized by strong velocities and dynamic interactions with continental margins are the main drivers of ocean variability in the adjacent coastal regions. The first part of the thesis focuses on High-Frequency RADAR observations of the Northern Current in the North Western Mediterranean Sea and of the East Australian Current in the South Pacific Ocean. In the Northern Current system, we investigate the seasonal and inter-annual variability of the current and the occurrence of (sub) mesoscale eddies, while we focus on the study of the separation dynamics of the East Australian Current, its frontal characteristics and overall impact on surface chlorophyll-a concentration. Boundary currents, by their spatial extent and position along the continental shelf, are important in acting both as barriers and conveyers of transport of passive matter. The second part of the thesis focuses on Physalia spp., a pseudo-passive stinging organism floating at the ocean surface which regularly reaches Australian shores. We are able to estimate the relative impact of atmospheric and oceanic variables on Physalia spp. beaching. From laboratory experiments, we establish a parametrization of the wind-induced drift of 3D-printed replicas of Physalia spp. This result is then incorporated into a Lagrangian tracking model based on the most recurrent East Australian Current separation scenarios to assess the combined effects of winds and currents on the pathways of Physalia spp. The results presented in this thesis contribute to the knowledge of two boundary currrents characterized by different scales and modes of variability, giving insights in their role in transport of passive material through the study of Physalia spp journey
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Burnette, Carolina. "Analysis of a Long-Term Record of Nearshore Currents and Implications in Littoral Transport Processes." UNF Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/647.
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A seasonal and long-term analysis of the vertical structure of currents in the nearshore is conducted to determine the role of the wind in driving currents and consequently affecting littoral transport processes. Approximately ten years (January, 2002 – October, 2011) of nearshore current profiles are examined using the data collected with an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) installed off of Spessard Holland North Beach Park located in Melbourne Beach, Florida. Additionally, wind data collected with a directional anemometer from September, 2002, until October, 2008, are used to further characterize the long-term hydrodynamic forcing. With the shoreline oriented nominally 17o west of magnetic north, both the current profiles and the wind vectors have been rendered into longshore and cross-shore components. The water level record from a NOAA tide station located at the Trident Pier at nearby Port Canaveral is utilized in establishing the water depth and conditioning the data for statistical analysis. Monthly mean vertical profiles reveal that during the winter months the surface currents are usually toward the south, and toward the north in the summer. In spring and fall, they are mixed, demonstrating a clear seasonality in both direction and intensity of the longshore current. Subjecting the longshore and cross-shore current data to Empirical Orthogonal Function Analysis reveals that the first spatial Eigenfunction accounts for more than 98% of the variability in the vertical profile of the longshore current, and more than 86% of the variability in the profile of the cross-shore current. However, there is a rotation of the current to the right (clockwise) with the rotation angle increasing and the variance decreasing with depth below the surface. The spiral structure of the water column follows a surface Ekman veering, but for very shallow water. The upper layer of the current is almost aligned with the direction of the wind. Monthly correlations between 2-hour average time series of longshore current and 2-hour average time series of wind speed reveal the seasonal patterns of the wind and longshore current in which the upper layer of the water column is highly correlated with the longshore component of the wind speed for most of the year and slightly less correlated for the lower layer of the water column. Most importantly, on average, wave height (Hmo) is larger when the longshore current is heading to the south (Hmo=0.95 m) than when the current is going to the north (Hmo=0.73 m). Additionally, there is a stronger correlation between southerly directed currents and incident wave energy flux than northerly directed currents and wave energy flux. These results indicate that the net long-term north-to-south sediment transport known to characterize the region is heavily influenced by wind-driven currents.
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Thang, Hsin-Yeh, and 湯欣曄. "The Hong Kong Culture in Zuni Icosahedron’s"East Wing West Wing"." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83668671216135720405.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>戲劇學研究所<br>103<br>Zuni Icosahedron’s “East Wing West Wing” series, which allude to the audiences the current political ecology of Hong Kong has created a unique style of political mockery and provided a special way to analyze Hong Kong culture. This thesis is an attempt to sort out the democratic development of Hong Kong "Post-1997" and redefine the cultural implications of these series by analyzing the performances that Director Mathias Woo and the performers made in a series of ten episodes in the last decade.
This thesis is divided into five chapters. In the first chapter, the researcher firstly reviewed the relevant literatures collected during the research period. The second chapter is for history review - discussing the Post-1997 Hong Kong People identity and cultural situation, broadly introducing the definition of Post-1997 and related theatrical presentations and trying to view the “cultural constructions” made by Zuni and Director Mathias Woo. The concepts and contents of the first four episodes of “East Wing West Wing” along with their influences to Hong Kong society and people are discussed in the third chapter. In the fourth chapter, the performances performed in the fifth through tenth episodes are analyzed and discussed. These are the episodes that Director Mathias Woo directs without joint-directing with Director Edward Lam as they do the first four episodes. From this stage, Woo’s directing style has entered a changing and unstable stage. The performances successively got both praises and blames from the dramatic criticisms. The influences that “East Wing West Wing” used to have on Hong Kong society were found declined. However, there were still bright spots on the show, especially the uses of appropriation and parody that made the balances between entertainments and discussions. In the fifth and last chapter, the researcher described her observations of the TV culture element, skillful uses of Chinese Mandarin and English languages (Cantonese is the major language used in the shows), appeareance of “Taiwan” in their talks, performances of individual actors and selection of the theme used of the “East Wing West Wing” series. To close, she summarized her findings and overall conclusions of the thesis and made suggestions on the direction of future researches.
Results of the analyses made in the research period revealed that while Directors Woo and Lam used various comedy techniques in the “East Wing West Wing” performances to show their “theme” of satirizing the consecutive execution blunders of all three Hong Kong Chief Executive Officers since 1997, they also traced back the root causes of the problems. Irony and absurdity are the fundamental performance tones. After the end of his partnership with Director Edward Lam, Mathias Woo’s personal style and subjectivity have strengthened in the development of new series. Nevertheless, there were also numerous disagreed criticizes about the themes chosen and critical comments made in the performances. How Zuni Icosahedron will develop their themes to reflect Hong Kong society phenomenon in the future deserve our continuous attention from people care about Hong Kong and the improving democratic development of this “fading” Pearl of the East.
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Hill, Katherine Louise. "Wind forced changes and variability in the east Australian current." Thesis, 2009. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/20725/1/whole_HillKatherineLouise2009_thesis.pdf.
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The waters off the coast of Tasmania have become gradually warmer and saltier
over the past 60 years according to a coast station time series, with sea surface temperatures
rising at a rate more than double the global average. I demonstrate that
this is related to a strengthening and more southerly reach of the East Australian
Current (EAC) extension. The station also shows a strong decadal timescale signal
in temperature and salinity. In this thesis, I use a combination of the Maria Island
time series and Tasman Box XBT sections, 50 year atmosphere and ocean state
estimates, and idealised forcing experiments with a global ocean model to build a
picture of how the EAC system is changing, and what is driving it. I find that
changes at Maria Island are closely related to changes in the wind stress curl in the
South Pacific, with Maria Island lagging the winds by 3 years. This propagation
speed is too fast for 1st Mode baroclinic Rossby wave adjustment which would take
10-15 years, so a faster mechanism is needed.
The observed variability at Maria Island is part of a bigger picture of decadal variability
in the Southwest Pacific region. The EAC takes one of two paths at the point
of separation at 32°S; it either continues down the coast as the EAC Extension, or
separates and flows across the Tasman Sea to New Zealand as the Tasman Front.
On decadal timescales either the Tasman Front or the EAC Extension is favoured,
which form part of two gyre scale states. When the Tasman Front is favoured, a
single gyre structure is seen, which mainly sits to the north of New Zealand; whereas
when the EAC extension is favoured, a double gyre structure exists, with a second
gyre centre east of New Zealand. Analysis of ocean reanalyses suggests that an enhanced
wind stress curl maximum in the South Pacific appears to favour the EAC
extension over the Tasman Front.
From model forcing experiments, where the wind stress curl maximum is enhanced
in a 20°S longitude region for a period of a year, I am able to demonstrate a rapid
mechanism by which the EAC can respond to changes in the South Pacific winds.
Ocean ridges and islands provide a mechanism for conversion between fast barotropic
and slow baroclinic Rossby waves. Due to the position of New Zealand, barotropic
Rossby waves can travel across to New Zealand, travel around New Zealand as a
coastal Kelvin wave, and then take 3 years to cross to interact with the EAC as a
baroclinic Rossby wave. This shows that islands and bathymetry, as well as basin
size, can dictate the rate at which oceans respond to changes in wind forcing. In
addition intrinsic ocean variability exists, so that decadal variability in the ocean
can be set up by a single pulse of wind forcing, due to the multiple ways in which
the ocean responds to wind forcing. The model was also able to recreate the anticorrelation
between the EAC Extension and the Tasman Front. This thesis illustrates a very close relationship between the variability in the EAC
western boundary current system and basin scale wind stress variability. In addition
I identify a rapid mechanism by which the ocean can adjust in the presence of
islands and ridges to explain the observed 3 year time lag. This suggests that both
barotropic and baroclinic physics are needed to explain the timescales of observed
low frequency variability in the ocean.
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Yip, Chak Man Andrew. "Statistical characteristics and mapping of near-surface and elevated wind resources in the Middle East." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10754/630110.
Full textAbstract:
Wind energy is expected to contribute to alleviating the rise in energy demand in the Middle East that is driven by population growth and industrial development. However, variability and intermittency in the wind resource present significant challenges to grid integration of wind energy systems.
The first chapter addresses the issues in current wind resource assessment in the Middle East due to sparse meteorological observations with varying record lengths. The wind field with consistent space-time resolution for over three decades at three hub heights over the whole Arabian Peninsula is constructed using the Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) dataset. The wind resource is assessed at a higher spatial resolution with metrics of temporal variations in the wind than in prior studies. Previously unrecognized locations of interest with high wind abundance and low variability and intermittency have been identified in this study and confirmed by recent on-site observations.
The second chapter explores high-altitude wind resources that may provide alternative energy resources in this fossil-fuel-dependent region. This study identifies areas favorable to the deployment of airborne wind energy (AWE) systems in the Middle East and computes the optimal heights at which such systems would best operate. AWE potential is estimated using realistic AWE system specifications and assumptions about deployment scenarios and is compared with the near-surface wind generation potential concerning diurnal and seasonal variability. The results show the potential utility of AWE in areas in the Middle East where the energy demand is high.
The third chapter investigates the potential for wind energy to provide a continuous energy supply in the region. We characterize the wind power variability at various time-scales of power operations to illustrate its effects across the Middle East via spectral analysis and clustering. Using a high-resolution dataset obtained from Weather Forecasting and Research (WRF) model simulations, this study showcases how aggregate variability may impact operation, and informs the planning of large-scale wind power integration in the Middle East in light of the scarcity of observational data.
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Chen, Ya-Wen, and 陳雅雯. "Satellite observations of the sea surface wind and temperature in the East China Sea." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75401767154404773761.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣海洋大學<br>海洋科學系<br>92<br>Abstract
In this study, the ERS-2 and QuikSCAT scatterometer and NOAA/AVHRR data from 1997 to 2001 are used to discuss the seasonal and inter-annual variations of the sea surface wind and sea surface temperature (SST) fields in the East China Sea (ECS). It is found that the sea surface wind and SST in the East China Sea are mainly annual. There is always a stronger northeastly in winter and weaker southly in summer. The results of the anomalous wind analysis indicate that the wind was behind the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) about 4 months. Meanwhile, there is a weaker wind in 1997 fall/winter and 1998 spring. The SST in the ECS is colder in winter and warmer in summer and its spatial distribution is highly related to the bottom topography, especially in winter. The El Niño event in 1997 seems to cause a positive SST anomaly during December 1997 to November 1998.
Keywords: East China Sea, satellite sea surface wind, satellite sea surface temperature, El Niño event.
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Abell, Jordan Tyler. "Earth, Wind, and Water: Plio-Pleistocene Climate Evolution in East Asia and the North Pacific." Thesis, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-4b42-t424.
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The Pliocene, a geologic epoch spanning ~2.6-5.3 million years ago (Ma), was a period in Earth’s history where temperatures were several degrees warmer than today and atmospheric CO2 was close to modern levels, making it an analogue for future climate change. Following this interval, the planet’s climate shifted to the familiar glacial-interglacial cycles of the Pleistocene (~0-2.6 Ma), beginning with the development of extensive Northern Hemisphere ice sheets at ~2.7 Ma. In response to these changes through the Plio-Pleistocene, several components of the Earth System, particularly related to East Asia and the North Pacific Ocean, varied both temporally and spatially, further modifying regional and global climate through various feedbacks. In this thesis, I utilize a combination of geochemical proxies derived from North Pacific marine sediments as well as a regional climate model to better understand the evolution of the westerly winds, North Pacific Ocean circulation, and East Asian desert landscapes, across the last five million years.
In Chapter 1, I reconstruct Pliocene dust fluxes at two different sites in the North Pacific using the constant flux proxy extraterrestrial 3He (3HeET), the first of such records in the Pliocene. Along with 3HeET-derived export productivity fluxes and sea surface temperatures from the westernmost core, I show that the Northern Hemisphere westerly winds, were shifted poleward and weaker during much of the warm Pliocene. Coinciding with the intensification of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation, the westerlies shifted equatorward and strengthened at ~2.7 Ma, and during subsequent glacial periods thereafter. Combining my dust flux record with others from different ocean basin, I find that these changes in the westerly winds were globally synchronous.
Chapter 2, entitled “Pliocene Variability of Active Pacific Meridional Overturning Circulation: Reevaluating North Pacific Productivity and Redox Conditions from ~2.5-6 Ma”, presents additional 3HeET-based export productivity flux data, as well as redox element concentrations, from the central subarctic North Pacific through the Pliocene. The new records suggest elevated North Pacific export production during the interval spanning ~4-5.5 Ma, followed by a decrease in the mid-Pliocene (~3.5-4 Ma). Combining this new data with previously published records and modeling output, I provide additional evidence for an active Pacific meridional overturning circulation during the warmer-than-present Pliocene, and add constraints on its variability under various climatic conditions.
In Chapter 3, I bring together two constant flux proxy-derived dust flux datasets from the same core in the western North Pacific Ocean to provide novel insight into Quaternary dust dynamics in East Asia. By utilizing constant flux proxies, and accounting for inputs of volcanic material, I show for the first time that dust input to the North Pacific decreased over the last ~2.7 Myr, particularly during glacial periods. While quite different from other previously published dust datasets, this finding is consistent with our current understanding of East Asian dust production mechanisms, and acts as a strong impetus to perform more comprehensive studies of dust fluxes to the North Pacific and other depositional areas downwind of arid regions.
Chapter 4 transitions to a terrestrial setting, in which I investigate the impacts of shifting arid region surface albedo on the atmospheric boundary layer using the Hami Basin, China, as a test location. Combining new simulations from the Weather Research and Forecasting base model and available geologic data, I report a previously undescribed “wind-albedo-wind” feedback process. Specifically, I propose that wind erosion, in conjunction with surficial sediments of various albedos, leads to altered wind speeds, and eventually fluctuations in erosion itself. In Chapter 5, I expand upon the work in the preceding chapter by coupling the Weather Research and Forecasting model with a chemistry component to simulate dust emissions. In addition, along with albedo, I characterize previously interpreted surface changes through time to reflect shifts in erodibility and surface roughness.
I conclude that although albedo does ultimately influence near-surface wind speeds and dust emissions as predicted in my earlier study, the effects of variable surface roughness and erodibility dominate. Integrating these results with an updated interpretation of the geologic evolution of the Hami Basin, we find that during various periods of the last ~700 ky, the Hami Basin, and likely the greater stony Gobi Desert, could have been much more important dust sources than today.
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Correia, João Monteiro. "Impacto dos principais modos de variabilidade climática na potência eólica em Portugal." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/17960.
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Tese de mestrado em Engenharia Geográfica, Geofísica e Energia, apresentada à Universidade de Lisboa, através da Faculdade de Ciências, 2015<br>A potência de várias fontes de energia renovável está associada a diferentes variáveis meteorológicas, sujeitas a variabilidade natural em várias escalas temporais. Os padrões de variabilidade climática de baixa-frequência, ou modos climáticos, influenciam o estabelecimento de diferentes regimes de circulação atmosférica desde a escala intra-sazonal à escala multi-decadal, sendo o seu comportamento de particular importância para várias atividades humanas, incluindo a geração de energia renovável de diferentes origens (eólica, solar, ondas). O objetivo central deste estudo é o de avaliar a existência de uma ligação entre a variabilidade da potência eólica e certos modos climáticos bem como quantificar a sua importância em sistemas de produção de energia eólica. Os modos climáticos em estudo são: Oscilação do Atlântico Norte (North Atlantic Oscillation, NAO), padrão do Atlântico Este (East Atlantic pattern, EA) e o padrão da Escandinávia (Scandinavian Pattern, SCAND), sendo que são tendencialmente considerados os padrões de circulação atmosférica a larga-escala mais importantes para o clima do Sudoeste da Europa. São ainda avaliadas as interacções entre estes três modos climáticos e o seu impacto na produção de energia.
O conhecimento sobre a variabilidade do recurso energético viabiliza potencialmente a sua predictabilidade, especialmente em escalas sazonais e interanuais, com evidentes benefícios para a gestão do parque energético nacional.<br>Many renewable energy power outputs are associated with the natural variability of different atmospheric variables, on many time-scales. The patterns of low-frequency climate variability, or climatic modes, influence the establishment of different atmospheric circulation regimes, from seasonal to multi-decadal time-scales, implicating that the study of these climate patterns is essential for different socio-economic activities including the assessment of the potential natural range of variability of different renewable energy production sources (wind, solar, waves). This work aims at evaluating the link between those large-scale circulation patterns and wind power, including its impact on conventional wind turbines. The three climate modes under focus are the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the East Atlantic Pattern (EA) and the Scandinavian Pattern (SCAND). These modes are nowadays considered the most relevant large-scale circulation patterns for the climate of Southwestern Europe. This work also evaluates the interaction between the climatic modes, and its impact on wind energy production.
The increasing knowledge of the renewable energy sources’ natural variability increases its potential predictability in different time-scales, bringing straight-forward benefits to the management of national energy grids.
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Luo, Zhi-Yu, and 羅智譽. "Effect of wind regarding reliability and variability on the flux estimates of the air-sea CO2 exchange in the East China Sea." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94896553266910480931.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>海洋研究所<br>102<br>To accurately investigate air-sea CO2 exchange in the coastal waters, especially for the East China Sea (ECS), is challenging because of the environment complexities and diversity of the shelf seas, easily affected by human activities and climate changes. Reliable assessments of air-sea CO2 exchange fluxes in the ECS are additionally limited by inadequately spatiotemporal coverage and shortage of manpower resources. Here, we explore seasonally representative CO2 uptakes by the whole ECS by combining the remote sensing data and field observations. We firstly evaluated the results of Tseng et al. (2014) and further demonstrated the reliability and representativeness of Tseng’s empirical algorithm for computing pCO2 by using remote sensing data including SST, Chlorophyll a (Chl-a) and wind speed. Secondly, we demonstrated the satellite wind speed data are higher than those collected in land weather station (field wind speed = 0.8 × satellite wind speed), in order to re-evaluate the CO2 fluxes in the ECS. The average annual flux between 2003 and 2010 was constrained to -1.1 mol C m-2 y-1 as a net sink of atmospheric CO2 with the seasonal mean fluxes of -2.1 (Mar.-May), -0.3 (June-Aug.), -0.2 (Sep.-Nov.) and -1.9(Dec.-Jan.), respectively. The flux seasonality showed a strong sink in spring and winter, a sink-to-source transition during late summer – mid-fall period and a source-to-sink transition in late fall. Finally, the annual mean CO2 flux estimated in this study was nearly one half of those reported previously, indicating the importance of wind effect regarding spatial variability and reliability of wind field. Especially in some severe weather events, the more spatial gradients of wind speed would make more significant impact on the air-sea exchange flux of CO2 in continental margins.
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"Is it windy enough for you? The potential for wind energy to generate electricity, income, and energy security in rural east-central Nebraska." UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA AT OMAHA, 2009. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1462507.
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"Erosion éolienne dans le Damagaram Est (Sud-Est du Niger) : paramétrisation, quantification et moyens de lutte/Wind erosion in the eastern Damagaram (South-East of Niger) : parametrization, quantification and control." Université catholique de Louvain, 2008. http://edoc.bib.ucl.ac.be:81/ETD-db/collection/available/BelnUcetd-04202008-174654/.
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