Academic literature on the topic 'Easy language'

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Journal articles on the topic "Easy language"

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Vanhatalo, Ulla, Camilla Lindholm, and Tiina Onikki-Rantajääskö. "Easy Language research." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 44, no. 1 (2021): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586521000019.

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Ciatto, Giovanni, Stefano Mariani, and Andrea Omicini. "ReSpecTX: Programming interaction made easy." Computer Science and Information Systems 15, no. 3 (2018): 655–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis180111031c.

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In this paper we present the ReSpecTX language, toolchain, and standard library as a first step of a path aimed at closing the gap between coordination languages ? mostly a prerogative of the academic realm until now ? and their industrial counterparts. Since the limited adoption of coordination languages within the industrial realm is also due to the lack of suitable toolchains and libraries of reusable mechanisms, ReSpecTX equips a core coordination language (ReSpecT) with tools and features commonly found in mainstream programming languages. In particular, ReSpecTX makes it possible to provide a reference library of reusable and composable interaction patterns.
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Vanhatalo, Ulla, Camilla Lindholm, and Tiina Onikki-Rantajääskö. "Introduction: Easy Language research." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 45, no. 2 (2022): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586522000130.

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Wijayanti, Erfin. "Teaching English by Using Canva: Students’ and Lecturers’ Voice." ENGLISH FRANCA : Academic Journal of English Language and Education 6, no. 2 (2022): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/ef.v6i2.5709.

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This research discovers students’ and lecturers’ voice on using Canva in English language teaching. This research employed quantitative descriptive method with 31 English Foreign Language (EFL) students and 5 lecturers. The data are gained from 31 students and 5 lecturers of English Department at IAIN Fattahul Muluk Papua. The students’ and lecturers are given a set of questionnaires to obtain their response on using Canva. After gaining the data, the researcher analysed the students’ and lecturers’ response by counting its frequency and percentage. The findings of this research Indicated that the majority of students and lecturers have positive voice on using Canva in English language teaching based on three indicators that is provided by researcher, those are: usefulness, ease to use, and easy access. This research revealed that Canva is usefulness tool for English language teaching. Canva is also ease of use tool for English language teaching which easy to use, effective, improve teaching and learning process, and easy to distribute. At the end, Canva has easy access because Canva provides everything for teaching and learning process such as video, images, colourful. Besides, Canva becomes an interesting App, and good choice for learning and teaching process.
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Miho, Matsumoto. "From The Perspective of Language Simplification Easy Japanese and Sign Language News." GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON JAPAN, no. 6 (March 31, 2023): 197–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.62231/gp6.160001a09.

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With the increase in the number of local residents with foreign roots, “Easy Japanese” for people who do not speak Japanese as their first language has been receiving attention. “Easy Japanese” is Japanese that has been simplified by controlling the vocabulary and grammar of ordinary Japanese; however, there is no established theory as to what constitutes “easy”, and there is ambiguity about the matter. Therefore, this research, it is aimed to investigate what “Easy Japanese” is, how it is simplified, and how native Japanese speakers can make full use of it. Hence, “Sign Language News”, which has a track record in broadcasting and other activities, is analyzed from the viewpoint of “language simplification” in sociolinguistics.
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Angelou, Evlambia. "Piece of Cake: News in Easy Language." International Journal of Linguistics and Translation Studies 6, no. 2 (2025): 51–63. https://doi.org/10.36892/ijlts.v6i2.565.

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The increasing linguistic diversity for reasons of interculturality, education, age, mental skills, etc., at the international level creates the need for information available in many languages and at a different linguistic level. Usually, linguistic accessibility- translation- is more often presented as a "right" only to the extent that it is necessary to protect other rights (ex. access to legal services). Barriers to information intake arise when, for example, a person can take in the information but does not have sufficient command of the language in which the information is written. This paper aims to highlight the use of easy language as a key tool for effective information communication in the news, making information related to current events accessible and adapted to the needs of people who, for various reasons, have a limited understanding of the official/dominant language.
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Krishnavarty, Ayumas Aura, Meriska Defriani, and Teguh Iman Hermanto. "UI/UX Design for Language Learning Mobile Application Chob Learn Thai Using the Design Thinking Method." SinkrOn 7, no. 3 (2022): 1044–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33395/sinkron.v7i3.11585.

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Thai language is one of the most difficult languages to learn because the Thai language itself has a variety of consonants, vowels, and tones to determine vocabulary. The problem is people currently have in learning Thai is the lack of knowledge about each consonant, vowels, or tones. So that it makes some people who want to learn Thai feel confused. Therefore, a Thai language learning application design was made which aims to make it easier for people who want to learn Thai language and of course it is more practical because it is in a mobile form that can be accessed anywhere and anytime easily. Design thinking is a method known as a comprehensive thinking process that aims to create a solution. In design thinking are have five stages, namely Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype and Test. At the test stage, the method used is Single Ease Question. The Single Ease Question has seven Likert scales where for a value range of 4 – 5.9 it is included in the interpretation quite easily, and in the range of 6 – 6.9 the interpretation is easy and for a value of 7, the interpretation is very easy. The result obtained after testing the prototype to the respondents the value obtained is 6.6 with a minimum value of 6 and a maximum value of 7. Thus, the result of 6.6 are included in the category of being easy to use by users.
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Reali, Florencia, Nick Chater, and Morten H. Christiansen. "Simpler grammar, larger vocabulary: How population size affects language." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1871 (2018): 20172586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2586.

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Languages with many speakers tend to be structurally simple while small communities sometimes develop languages with great structural complexity. Paradoxically, the opposite pattern appears to be observed for non-structural properties of language such as vocabulary size. These apparently opposite patterns pose a challenge for theories of language change and evolution. We use computational simulations to show that this inverse pattern can depend on a single factor: ease of diffusion through the population. A population of interacting agents was arranged on a network, passing linguistic conventions to one another along network links. Agents can invent new conventions, or replicate conventions that they have previously generated themselves or learned from other agents. Linguistic conventions are either Easy or Hard to diffuse, depending on how many times an agent needs to encounter a convention to learn it. In large groups, only linguistic conventions that are easy to learn, such as words, tend to proliferate, whereas small groups where everyone talks to everyone else allow for more complex conventions, like grammatical regularities, to be maintained. Our simulations thus suggest that language, and possibly other aspects of culture, may become simpler at the structural level as our world becomes increasingly interconnected.
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Gut, Kamil, Maria Skublewska-Paszkowska, Edyta Łukasik, and Jakub Smołka. "COMPARISON OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES ON THE IOS PLATFORM IN TERMS OF PERFORMANCE." Informatics Control Measurement in Economy and Environment Protection 7, no. 3 (2017): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.5211.

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In 2014, Apple unveiled a completely new programming language for the iOS and OS X platforms. Swift was presented as a modern programming language, such as: safe, easy to learn and easy to use. This article presents the performance comparison between the Swift and Objective-C languages. For the purpose of the research, two applications were developed, one in each language, implementing sorting algorithms and data structures such as arrays, dictionaries and sets.
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Liepa, Dite. "Vieglā valoda Latvijā." Valodu apguve: problēmas un perspektīva : zinātnisko rakstu krājums = Language Acquisition: Problems and Perspective : conference proceedings 17/18 (September 13, 2022): 463–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/va.2022.17.18.463.

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The paper provides a general overview of easy-to-read language both abroad and in Latvia. In English, there are two terms that are used to refer to easy-to-read language: “easy-to-read” (also “easy write”, “easy info”, “easy access”, “aphasia friendly”) and “plain language” (also “plain writing”, “layman terms”); in Latvian, “easy-to-read” is used the most. Currently, the Latvian National Terminology Portal offers only one term, namely, vieglā valoda (“easy-to-read” in English); therefore, this term is used throughout the paper. Since 1980s easy-to-read language both in Europe and the whole world has been known as a way of presenting information to people with various language learning disabilities. However, over time it became clear that easy-to-read language is suitable not only for people with learning disabilities: it is convenient for other groups of people as well, such as those who have just started learning the language in question, elderly people and children. At first, easy-to read language developed in parallel in Scandinavia and Germany. In 1990s, Latvian experts visited colleagues in Sweden to learn about easy-to-read language. Already during the first meeting, the idea to introduce easy-to-read language in Latvia in cooperation with the Easy-to-Read Language Centre was born. In 2000, the Easy Language Agency was founded in Riga, and up until now it remains the only organisation in Latvia consistently and purposefully working in this field. Although at first the aim was to help people with intellectual disabilities, now there are already 7 target groups in Latvia that use easy-to-read language. Latvian Radio 1 features news broadcast in easy-to-read language every evening. There is a lack of public understanding and information on easy-to-read language in Latvia, as well as its role and importance, since many people believe that it concerns only the target audience or target groups in question and does not need to be addressed at the national level. While the websites of Latvian state institutions are required to have an “Easy-to-read” section, the regulations do not specify the content such a section should have. In addition, there is a general lack of knowledge and understanding how to adapt a text to easy-to read language: often such adaptations are formal or inadequate. In the autumn of 2020, the University of Latvia Centre for Applied Linguistics and the Latvian Language Agency began a new cooperation project with ERASMUS+: “Promoting Easy-to-Read Language for Social Inclusion” (abbreviated to PERLSI). The project duration is set until 2022, and the partners are Slovenia and Lithuania. The project aims to present a comparative study on easy-to-read language in the partner states. Regarding the project outcomes, Latvia awaits easy-to-read language guidelines that would promote further development of easy-to-read language in Latvia, as well as its practical application.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Easy language"

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Marshall, Andrew. "A Computationally Easy Indexing of a Language of While Programs." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1206215586.

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Sharp, L. Kathryn, and Ruth Facun-Granadozo. "Easy and Effective Literacy Centers on a Dime." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4275.

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Walsh-Felz, Aria Anna. "(Not) Everything is Good and Easy: Language-related Healthcare Experiences of Two Groups of Low-income Latina Mothers." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6776.

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This cross-sectional, comparative, qualitative study explored language-related issues experienced by low-income Spanish-speaking mothers navigating pediatric care for their children in Hillsborough County, Florida. Hospitals, pediatric clinics, specialists, and dental care have differing degrees of linguistic accessibility and accommodations for limited English proficient families. Two groups of mothers were interviewed: bilingual (n=9) and Spanish-speaking limited-English proficient (SSLEP) mothers (n=21). These groups perceived the effect of language on navigating pediatric healthcare differently, creating tension in perceptions and experience between them. Such tensions included SSLEP mothers expressing satisfaction with pediatric care simultaneously with shortcomings in communication. SSLEP mothers said that everything was easy, at the same time stating that navigating healthcare, and other aspects of their family life would be far easier if they spoke English. SSLEP expressions of self-sufficiency were countered by bilingual mothers who provided language support to SSLEP family members, friends, and strangers. This research points toward the need for consistent language services in healthcare settings as well as facilitation of effective English language acquisition opportunities for families.
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Yu, Siu-lei, and 余小梨. "Strategy use by good and poor Chinese ESL readers in comprehending easy and difficult expository texts." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31944735.

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Sharp, L. Kathryn. "Lesson Planning Without Tears for COE." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4292.

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Bakken, Michael. "Lättläst mellan raderna : En jämförande transitivitetsanalys mellan skönlitterär text och dess lättlästa version utifrån ett läsförståelseperspektiv." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-35623.

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The purpose of this study was to analyze, investigate and compare the eventual differences within the aspects of the ideational metafunction, of the systemic functional linguistics, between two fictional novels and their respective easy-Swedish versions, looking at chosen variables within the theory. The study also investigates how the eventual differences, effects the potential reader by setting the results of the analysis against contemporary research in reading comprehension. The method of use is transitvity analysis based within the ideational metafunction and its variables: processes, participants, circumstances, grammatical metaphors and register. The material that has been analyzed is Sodomsäpplet (Martin, 2016) and Mina drömmars stad (Fogelström, 2009) and their respective easy-Swedish versions. The result of the analysis proved that a lot of the material processes had been replaced by relational processes. This contributed to making the easy-Swedish versions more concrete but also static and impersonal, which effected the voice of the author as well as the register and the perspective of telling. The result is discussed with a reading comprehension perspective telling that the easy-Swedish versions not in every way is particularly easy as they displace the register and the authors voice. They also limit the abilities of interpretation for a potential reader.
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Löfgren, Althea. "Phasal Polarity Systems in East Bantu." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157009.

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This study explores a category of expressions akin to not yet, already, still and no longer, called Phasal Polarity (PhP) expressions. They encode the domains of phasal values, polarity and speaker expectations and have previously been described in European languages (van der Auwera 1998) and in a small, genealogically diverse sample (van Baar 1997). Using reference grammars as the primary source of information, the aim of this crosslinguistic study is to describe PhP expressions in a sample of East Bantu languages. It is found that the distribution and behaviour of PhP expressions in East Bantu differ from both European languages and the genetically diverse sample of van Baar. The markers are found to be morphologically diverse and of varied crosslinguistic frequency. Furthermore, the verbal morphotax indicates that the markers are, or are in the process of, being incorporated into the tense-aspect systems of their respective language.<br>Denna studie utforskar en kategori av utryck besläktade med inte än, redan, fortfarande och inte längre, som kallas Phasal Polarity (PhP) expressions. De uttrycker fas, polaritet och talar förväntningar och har tidigare beskrivits i en studie av europeiska språk (van der Auwera 1998) och i en småskalig, genetiskt mångfaldig studie (van Baar 1997). Med referensgrammatikor som primärkälla ämnar denna studie undersöka PhP expressions i ett urval av språk i underfamiljen Östbantu. Resultaten visar att PhP expressions i Östbantu har annorlunda distribution och användning jämfört med europeiska språk och van Baars urval. Markörerna varierar avseende morfologi och tvärspråklig frekvens. Verbens morfotax indikerar att markörerna har, eller håller på att, inkorporeras i respektive språks system.
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Schlaak, Claudia. "Island language policy and regional identity east of Africa." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6313/.

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Since 2011 the Comorian Island of Mayotte has been France’s 101st département, thereby becoming part of the European Union. As a result, France has consolidated and strengthened its strategic position in the Indian Ocean. With the change of political status in 2011, new developments have occurred in Mayotte. It is still unclear whether the expected economic boom, extensive social benefits or injection of EU regional funds can help to alleviate poverty and raise living standards. There is concern, however, that massive immigration to Mayotte from the surrounding territories is diminishing any progress and will continue to do so. Not only France but also the EU will have to adapt to new immigration problems due to this new external border. In this situation one thing is clear: the language contact between French and the local languages, which is the result of political developments, is leading to new dynamics. The diglossic situation east of Africa, between French as the dominant language and local languages like Shimaoré or Shibushi spoken in Mayotte will become more marked in the next few years.
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Li, Rong. "When West Meets East: Communicative Language Teaching in China." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2237.pdf.

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Soemartono, Endang Sutartinah. "A study of subject omission in the spoken language of Indonesian primary school children aged 6 to 12 in Jakarta." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2003. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1337.

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This study investigates the occurrence of subject omission in spoken Indonesian spoken as a first language by primary school children in grades one to six and aged between six and twelve years in Jakarta. It also investigates the developmental stages of subject omission, and the effects of age, gender and degree of formality on the occurrence of empty or null subjects. Since the acquisition of language is ongoing during the students' primary schooling, this study also considers how null subjects in Indonesian may have an impact on learning and teaching at school. The omission of subjects occurs independent or matrix and in main clauses, and in coordinating and subordinating clauses in four types of sentences of basic, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences. Developmental stages in subject omission, the setting or with whom the students are speaking, age and gender have a statistically significant impact on omission of subjects especially in independent, matrix and in the main clauses. Age and gender have no impact on the omission of subjects in the coordinating clauses of the compound sentences, in the subordinating clauses of complex sentences, and in the coordinating and subordinating clauses of the compound-complex sentences. Clauses where subject omission occurs here include indeendent basic sentences, the first or matrix clause in a compound sentence, the main clause in a complex sentence, and in the first clause of coordinate or subordinate clause in a compound-complex sentence. The similarities in the omission of subjects are that students omit subjects more when they speak with the researcher than with their peers, except for coordinating clause subjects in the compound-complex sentences. Overall subject omission decreased in independent basic clauses, in the first or matrix clauses of compound sentences, and in the main clauses of complex sentences as the students become older. However, subject omission in the coordinating and subordinating clauses in the compound-complex sentences increases. The main focus of the present study is the omission of subjects in main clauses since in the formal adult written Indonesian there is no omission of the subject in this position. This fact may have an impact on learning and teaching in that there is a decrease in their omission of independent, matrix or main clause subjects as they become older and use more formal language in writing.
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Books on the topic "Easy language"

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Maaß, Christiane. Easy Language – Plain Language – Easy Language Plus: Balancing Comprehensibility and Acceptability. Frank & Timme, 2020.

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Denne, Ben. Easy Spanish. Usborne, 2008.

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Stewart, David Alan. American Sign Language the easy way. 2nd ed. Barron's, 2007.

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Turner, Jerry R. APLis easy! Wiley, 1987.

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Borg, James. Body language: 7 easy lessons to master the silent language. Pearson Prentice Hall Life, 2008.

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Borg, James. Body language: 7 easy lessons to master the silent language. FT Press, 2009.

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Krashen, Stephen D. Foreign language education the easy way. Language Education Associates, 1997.

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Easy Language 17 Language Edition. IMSI, 1996.

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Body Language Quick Easy. Llewellyn Publications,U.S., 2014.

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Foreign Language Made Easy. iUniverse, Inc., 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Easy language"

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Bredel, Ursula, and Christiane Maaẞ. "Easy Language." In Handbook of Accessible Communication. Frank & Timme GmbH, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.57088/978-3-7929-9120-6_12.

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Bredel, Ursula, and Christiane Maaẞ. "Easy Language." In Easy – Plain – Accessible. Frank & Timme GmbH, 2024. https://doi.org/10.57088/978-3-7329-8775-7_12.

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Pedrini, Giulia. "Gender-inclusive language." In Easy – Plain – Accessible. Frank & Timme GmbH, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.57088/978-3-7329-8835-8_9.

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Benner, Uta, and Annika Herrmann. "Sign language interpreting." In Easy – Plain – Accessible. Frank & Timme GmbH, 2024. https://doi.org/10.57088/978-3-7329-8775-7_18.

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Maaẞ, Christiane. "Translation into Easy Language." In Easy – Plain – Accessible. Frank & Timme GmbH, 2024. https://doi.org/10.57088/978-3-7329-8775-7_13.

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Maaẞ, Christiane. "Translation into Easy Language." In Handbook of Accessible Communication. Frank & Timme GmbH, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.57088/978-3-7929-9120-6_13.

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Perego, Elisa. "Translation Into Easy Language." In The Routledge Handbook of Intralingual Translation. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003188872-33.

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Nation, I. S. P. "Easy listening." In The Twenty Most Effective Language Teaching Techniques. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003496151-9.

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Vollmer, Heribert. "Complexity Theory Made Easy." In Developments in Language Theory. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45007-6_7.

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Kulikova, Oxana, and Gökhan Şilfeler. "Spoken Plain Language in DaZ lessons." In Easy – Plain – Accessible. Frank & Timme GmbH, 2024. https://doi.org/10.57088/978-3-7329-8775-7_43.

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Conference papers on the topic "Easy language"

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Borenstein, Nadav, Anej Svete, Robin Chan, et al. "What Languages are Easy to Language-Model? A Perspective from Learning Probabilistic Regular Languages." In Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers). Association for Computational Linguistics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.acl-long.807.

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Eskimez, Sefik Emre, Xiaofei Wang, Manthan Thakker, et al. "E2 TTS: Embarrassingly Easy Fully Non-Autoregressive Zero-Shot TTS." In 2024 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/slt61566.2024.10832320.

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Lu, Weizheng, Lingfeng Xiong, Feng Zhang, Xuye Qin, and Yueguo Chen. "Xinference: Making Large Model Serving Easy." In Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: System Demonstrations. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-demo.30.

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Someki, Masao, Kwanghee Choi, Siddhant Arora, et al. "ESPnet-EZ: Python-Only ESPnet For Easy Fine-Tuning And Integration." In 2024 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/slt61566.2024.10832148.

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Durrett, Greg, and Dan Klein. "Easy Victories and Uphill Battles in Coreference Resolution." In Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/d13-1203.

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Yang, Yuting, Yuke Li, Lifeng Zhou, Binbin Du, and Haoqi Zhu. "Enhancing Unified Streaming and Non-Streaming ASR Through Curriculum Learning With Easy-To-Hard Tasks." In 2024 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/slt61566.2024.10832171.

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Wang, Peng, Ningyu Zhang, Bozhong Tian, et al. "EasyEdit: An Easy-to-use Knowledge Editing Framework for Large Language Models." In Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 3: System Demonstrations). Association for Computational Linguistics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.acl-demos.9.

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Ou, Yixin, Ningyu Zhang, Honghao Gui, et al. "EasyInstruct: An Easy-to-use Instruction Processing Framework for Large Language Models." In Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 3: System Demonstrations). Association for Computational Linguistics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.acl-demos.10.

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Tropeano, Pietro, Maria Maistro, Tuukka Ruotsalo, and Christina Lioma. "As easy as PIE: understanding when pruning causes language models to disagree." In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: NAACL 2025. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2025. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.findings-naacl.364.

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Zhang, Chen, Meizhi Zhong, Qimeng Wang, et al. "MoDification: Mixture of Depths Made Easy." In Proceedings of the 2025 Conference of the Nations of the Americas Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 1: Long Papers). Association for Computational Linguistics, 2025. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2025.naacl-long.265.

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Reports on the topic "Easy language"

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Gupta, Pralok, Sanchita Basu Das, Saarthak Sharma, and Ma Veronica Domingo. Tourism Inflow Interlinkages with Merchandise Exports: An Augmented Gravity Analysis for the Pacific. Asian Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps240343-2.

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This paper analyzes tourist inflows as a determinant of merchandise exports for the Pacific and finds that inbound tourism to Pacific developing member countries significantly increases merchandise exports from these economies. Exports are further boosted if international tourists come from countries with which Pacific developing member countries have a shared language, formed an economic partnership through free trade agreements, and have easy visa policies. The paper recommends that inbound tourism to the Pacific is leveraged to diversify economic activities and develop industries, such as garments or souvenir-related manufacturing.
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Paparazzoa, Ersilia, Vincenzo Lagani, Silvana Geracitano, et al. An ELOVL2 based epigenetic clock for forensic age prediction: a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0006.

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Review question / Objective: To develop an easy, robust and improved blood-based age prediction model using ELOVL2 promoter methylation data. Eligibility criteria: All studies with the aim of understanding the relationship between the ELOVL2 methylation levels and age written in English language, carried out in humans and providing a publicly available dataset will be included in the systematic review. Articles that did not include original research (e.g., review, opinion article or conference abstract) and for which methylation analysis will be carried out using a technology different from the pyrosequencing in tissues different form blood will be excluded from further analyses.
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Zhu, Minjie, and Michael Scott. Fluid-Structure Interaction and Python-Scripting Capabilities in OpenSees. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/vdix3057.

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Building upon recent advances in OpenSees, the goals of this project are to expand the framework’s Python scripting capabilities and to further develop its fluid–structure interaction (FSI) simulation capabilities, which are based on the particle finite-element method (PFEM). At its inception, the FSI modules in OpenSees were based on Python scripting. To accomplish FSI simulations in OpenSees, Python commands have been added for a limited number of pre-existing element and material commands, e.g., linear-elastic triangle elements and beam–column elements with Concrete01/Steel01 fiber sections. Incorporation of hundreds of constitutive models and element formulations under the Python umbrella for FSI and general OpenSees use remain to be done. Although the original scripting language, Tcl, in OpenSees is string based, powerful, and easy to learn, it is not suitable for mathematical computations. Recent trends in scripting languages for engineering applications have embraced more general, scientific languages such as Python, which has evolved to a large community with numerous libraries for numerical computing, data analysis, scientific visualization, and web development. These libraries can be utilized with the FSI simulation for tsunami analysis. Extending OpenSees to Python will help OpenSees keep pace with new scripting developments from the scientific computing community and make the framework more accessible to graduate students, who likely have learned Python as undergraduates.
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Hoy, Andreas, Åsa Gerger Swartling, and Elin Leander. Adopting a user-oriented approach to make climate information more accessible across Europe. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.009.

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Research from the ClimVis Europe project shows that climate information must be presented in more effective ways to reduce climate risks and support adaptation. Users need information that is easy to access, in their own language, and designed to help them make connections between real-time weather events and long-term climate developments. Users of weather and climate data in Europe are aware of only a few (if any) relevant, available tools that provide them with the insights into current, future and long-term meteorological trends that they seek. However, efforts to boost awareness of available tools, while important, will not be enough to meet user demands. Providers of climate information need to consult with stakeholders to co-develop new tools to meet needs and support the uptake of information. Existing European tools have two key shortcomings: limited language and insufficient context. The provision of climate information exclusively in English excludes many users (especially at local and regional levels and in Eastern Europe and Russia). Tools do not link real-time extreme weather with long-term past or future climate trends; such connections are essential to assess climate change-related impacts and adaptation needs. We interpret the results as a call to action, to enhance related communication that is fundamental to the need to reduce climate risks and support adaptation.
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Wang, Xiaoyu. Pediatric TuiNa for Tourette syndrome in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.4.0077.

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Review question / Objective: Efficacy and Safety of Pediatric TuiNa for Tourette Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of randomized controlled trials. Condition being studied: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a common psychological, behavioural and neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by chronic, fluctuating, multiple muscle convulsions, or accompanied by involuntary laryngeal abnormalities and indecent language. It mainly appears in childhood. At present, Tourette syndrome generally has a long course of the disease and is difficult to cure, which seriously affects the children's learning and physical and mental health, and also causes panic and anxiety to many parents. The incidence of Tourette syndrome was increasing year by year. Clinical studies found that only relying on Western medicine for treatment was easy to have recurrent symptoms and serious adverse reactions. Traditional Chinese medicine has great advantages in the treatment of Tourette syndrome, especially in children's massage, because it has no side effects and is more likely to be favoured by parents. To provide a better basis and guidance for clinical treatment by Meta-analysis of the literature on tuina treatment of Tourette syndrome in children.
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Yatsymirska, Mariya. SOCIAL EXPRESSION IN MULTIMEDIA TEXTS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11072.

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The article investigates functional techniques of extralinguistic expression in multimedia texts; the effectiveness of figurative expressions as a reaction to modern events in Ukraine and their influence on the formation of public opinion is shown. Publications of journalists, broadcasts of media resonators, experts, public figures, politicians, readers are analyzed. The language of the media plays a key role in shaping the worldview of the young political elite in the first place. The essence of each statement is a focused thought that reacts to events in the world or in one’s own country. The most popular platform for mass information and social interaction is, first of all, network journalism, which is characterized by mobility and unlimited time and space. Authors have complete freedom to express their views in direct language, including their own word formation. Phonetic, lexical, phraseological and stylistic means of speech create expression of the text. A figurative word, a good aphorism or proverb, a paraphrased expression, etc. enhance the effectiveness of a multimedia text. This is especially important for headlines that simultaneously inform and influence the views of millions of readers. Given the wide range of issues raised by the Internet as a medium, research in this area is interdisciplinary. The science of information, combining language and social communication, is at the forefront of global interactions. The Internet is an effective source of knowledge and a forum for free thought. Nonlinear texts (hypertexts) – «branching texts or texts that perform actions on request», multimedia texts change the principles of information collection, storage and dissemination, involving billions of readers in the discussion of global issues. Mastering the word is not an easy task if the author of the publication is not well-read, is not deep in the topic, does not know the psychology of the audience for which he writes. Therefore, the study of media broadcasting is an important component of the professional training of future journalists. The functions of the language of the media require the authors to make the right statements and convincing arguments in the text. Journalism education is not only knowledge of imperative and dispositive norms, but also apodictic ones. In practice, this means that there are rules in media creativity that are based on logical necessity. Apodicticity is the first sign of impressive language on the platform of print or electronic media. Social expression is a combination of creative abilities and linguistic competencies that a journalist realizes in his activity. Creative self-expression is realized in a set of many important factors in the media: the choice of topic, convincing arguments, logical presentation of ideas and deep philological education. Linguistic art, in contrast to painting, music, sculpture, accumulates all visual, auditory, tactile and empathic sensations in a universal sign – the word. The choice of the word for the reproduction of sensory and semantic meanings, its competent use in the appropriate context distinguishes the journalist-intellectual from other participants in forums, round tables, analytical or entertainment programs. Expressive speech in the media is a product of the intellect (ability to think) of all those who write on socio-political or economic topics. In the same plane with him – intelligence (awareness, prudence), the first sign of which (according to Ivan Ogienko) is a good knowledge of the language. Intellectual language is an important means of organizing a journalistic text. It, on the one hand, logically conveys the author’s thoughts, and on the other – encourages the reader to reflect and comprehend what is read. The richness of language is accumulated through continuous self-education and interesting communication. Studies of social expression as an important factor influencing the formation of public consciousness should open up new facets of rational and emotional media broadcasting; to trace physical and psychological reactions to communicative mimicry in the media. Speech mimicry as one of the methods of disguise is increasingly becoming a dangerous factor in manipulating the media. Mimicry is an unprincipled adaptation to the surrounding social conditions; one of the most famous examples of an animal characterized by mimicry (change of protective color and shape) is a chameleon. In a figurative sense, chameleons are called adaptive journalists. Observations show that mimicry in politics is to some extent a kind of game that, like every game, is always conditional and artificial.
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Wøien Meijer, Mari, Elin Cedergren, and Hjördís Guðmundsdóttir. From Fields to Futures: 40 action points for rural revitalisation - Nordic Rural Youth Panel 2023. Nordregio, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2023:131403-2503.

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The Nordic Rural Youth Panel has synthesized a report outlining 40 actionable recommendations for making rural areas in the Nordic region more attractive for young people. This paper addresses the ongoing trend of young people moving to cities, highlighting the need for better public transportation, a variety of housing options, and education that connects to local job markets in rural areas. The panel wants to change the common view that success and a good life can only be found in cities, showing instead that rural areas have a lot to offer. The report expands on several key areas: - Transportation: Young people in rural areas need easy and affordable access to public transit and various local travel options to support a fair transition to green transport. - Housing: There's a need for affordable and diverse housing, ensuring young people have good options for both renting and buying that meet their needs, and are linked to local services and community activities. - Education and employment: Young people need access to education at all levels in rural areas, with clear paths from education to local jobs, including options for remote work. - Health and recreation: There should be safe spaces for discussions about mental and physical health, as well as access to places for sports and other activities. - Community and social life: Funding is needed for public spaces and activities that bring people together, helping to create strong community ties. - Inclusion: Policies and discussions need to be accessible and relevant to young people, using their language and platforms to ensure they can actively participate and feel valued. Developed with input from 25 young people across the whole Nordic region, the panel’s recommendations provide a direct and valuable perspective for policymakers. It serves as a guide for creating appealing, dynamic, and sustainable rural communities, ensuring young people are at the centre of these efforts.
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Torbay, Lara. Linguistic Minority Rights in Turkey, Iraq, and Lebanon. IFF, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.51363/unifr.diff.2023.39.

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Linguistic Minority Rights (LMR) are gaining importance in a context of ever-increasing linguistic homogenization. This loss of language diversity is due to eminently political factors lying at the core of the nation state. With this premise, this paper seeks to analyze and compare the way LMR are embedded and implemented in Turkey, Iraq, and Lebanon, all Near East countries hosting astounding linguistic and cultural diversity. After a short introduction to LMR in general, their embedment in the three states at hand is examined, through both political and cultural contextualization, and a legal analysis. This comparative approach highlights that decentralized governments allow more room to linguistic minorities. Further, a pluralistic approach to languages should be embedded in constitutional law, to then be detailed further in more precise and enforce-able LMR.
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Tsidylo, Ivan M., Serhiy O. Semerikov, Tetiana I. Gargula, Hanna V. Solonetska, Yaroslav P. Zamora, and Andrey V. Pikilnyak. Simulation of intellectual system for evaluation of multilevel test tasks on the basis of fuzzy logic. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4370.

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The article describes the stages of modeling an intelligent system for evaluating multilevel test tasks based on fuzzy logic in the MATLAB application package, namely the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox. The analysis of existing approaches to fuzzy assessment of test methods, their advantages and disadvantages is given. The considered methods for assessing students are presented in the general case by two methods: using fuzzy sets and corresponding membership functions; fuzzy estimation method and generalized fuzzy estimation method. In the present work, the Sugeno production model is used as the closest to the natural language. This closeness allows for closer interaction with a subject area expert and build well-understood, easily interpreted inference systems. The structure of a fuzzy system, functions and mechanisms of model building are described. The system is presented in the form of a block diagram of fuzzy logical nodes and consists of four input variables, corresponding to the levels of knowledge assimilation and one initial one. The surface of the response of a fuzzy system reflects the dependence of the final grade on the level of difficulty of the task and the degree of correctness of the task. The structure and functions of the fuzzy system are indicated. The modeled in this way intelligent system for assessing multilevel test tasks based on fuzzy logic makes it possible to take into account the fuzzy characteristics of the test: the level of difficulty of the task, which can be assessed as “easy”, “average", “above average”, “difficult”; the degree of correctness of the task, which can be assessed as “correct”, “partially correct”, “rather correct”, “incorrect”; time allotted for the execution of a test task or test, which can be assessed as “short”, “medium”, “long”, “very long”; the percentage of correctly completed tasks, which can be assessed as “small”, “medium”, “large”, “very large”; the final mark for the test, which can be assessed as “poor”, “satisfactory”, “good”, “excellent”, which are included in the assessment. This approach ensures the maximum consideration of answers to questions of all levels of complexity by formulating a base of inference rules and selection of weighting coefficients when deriving the final estimate. The robustness of the system is achieved by using Gaussian membership functions. The testing of the controller on the test sample brings the functional suitability of the developed model.
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Tarasenko, Rostyslav O., Svitlana M. Amelina, Yuliya M. Kazhan, and Olga V. Bondarenko. The use of AR elements in the study of foreign languages at the university. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4421.

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The article deals with the analysis of the impact of the using AR technology in the study of a foreign language by university students. It is stated out that AR technology can be a good tool for learning a foreign language. The use of elements of AR in the course of studying a foreign language, in particular in the form of virtual excursions, is proposed. Advantages of using AR technology in the study of the German language are identified, namely: the possibility of involvement of different channels of information perception, the integrity of the representation of the studied object, the faster and better memorization of new vocabulary, the development of communicative foreign language skills. The ease and accessibility of using QR codes to obtain information about the object of study from open Internet sources is shown. The results of a survey of students after virtual tours are presented. A reorientation of methodological support for the study of a foreign language at universities is proposed. Attention is drawn to the use of AR elements in order to support students with different learning styles (audio, visual, kinesthetic).
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