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Beglin, Sarah Jane. "Eating disorders in young adult women." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.291074.
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Björck, Caroline. "Self-image and eating disorders /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-670-0/.
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Tsang, Po-shan Dora. "Growing pains : an examination of rising eating disorders among Hong Kong's youth /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25798170.
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Hilbert, Anja, Kathleen Pike, Andrea Goldschmidt, Denise Wilfley, Christopher Fairburn, Faith-Anne Dohm, Timothy Walsh, and Weissman Ruth Striegel. "Risk factors across the eating disorders." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-223556.
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This study sought to examine risk and onset patterns in anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED). Women with AN (n=71), BN (n=66), BED (n=160) and non-psychiatric controls (n=323) were compared retrospectively on risk factors, symptom onset, and diagnostic migration. Eating disorder groups reported greater risk exposure than non-psychiatric controls. AN and BED differed on premorbid personality/behavioral problems, childhood obesity, and family overeating. Risk factors for BN were shared with AN and BED. Dieting was the most common onset symptom in AN, whereas binge eating was most common in BN and BED. Migration between AN and BED was rare, but more frequent between AN and BN and between BN and BED. AN and BED have distinct risk factors and onset patterns, while BN shares similar risk factors and onset patterns with both AN and BED. Results should inform future classification schemes and prevention programs.
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CRAWFORD, MICHELLE L. "HIGH SCHOOL COACHES KNOWLEDGE OF EATING DISORDERS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1091625934.
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Mabiala, Madalena, and Hawsar Shamer. "Anorexia Nervosa : Kvinnors upplevelser av att leva med Anorexi." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-13536.
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Bakgrund: Anorexia Nervosa är en psykiatrisk sjukdom som främst drabbar unga kvinnor mellan 15 och 23 år med hög mortalitet. Sjukdomen orsakar ätstörning vilket medför kraftig viktnedgång. Syftet: Syftet är att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser av att leva med Anorexia Nervosa. Metod: Denna studie är genomförd av kvalitativ metod med analys av narratives. Datainsamlingen är baserad på fyra självbiografier skrivna av kvinnor som drabbats av Anorexia Nervosa. Resultat: Resultatet visade att samtliga kvinnor har haft olika upplevelser av Anorexia Nervosa. Kvinnornas upplevelser delas in i tre olika teman vilket förtydligades med citat. Teman som beskrivs avspelar kvinnors olika upplevelser. De teman som uppkom var Det svåruppnåeliga kvinnoidealet, Den ångestfyllda tillvaron, Betydelsen av att ha kontroll. Slutsats: Anorexia är en komplex psykiatrisk sjukdom som kräver en optimal omvårdnad med beredskap och förståelse från vårdpersonal. Sjuksköterskor strävar efter att förhindra ett lidande och främja hälsa i vårdandet av patienter. Studiens resultat bidrog med en bredare kunskap och förståelse kring sjukdomen Anorexia Nervosa för en optimal återhämtning hos patient.Background: Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder that primarily affects young women between 15 and 23 years with high mortality. The disease causes eating disorder resulting in significant weight loss. Purpose: Purpose of the study was to describe women's experiences of living with anorexia nervosa. Method: This study was conducted by qualitative method of analysis of narratives. Data collection was based on four autobiographies written by women who have lived with Anorexia Nervosa. Results: The results showed that all women have had different experiences of Anorexia Nervosa. This experiences were divided into three different themes which are clarified with quote. Themes described reflects women's different experiences with anorexia nervosa, which is the elusive ideal of women, the anguished existence and the importance of being in control. Conclusion: Anorexia is a complex psychiatric illness that requires an optimum care of preparedness and understanding of health professionals. Nurses strive to prevent suffering and promote health in the care of patients. The study's results contributed to a wider knowledge and understanding of the disease anorexia nervosa for optimal recovery of the patient.
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Cox, Magdalene. "An investigation of thought-shape fusion in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and dieting." Thesis, Bangor University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367398.
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Warin, Megan. "Becoming and unbecoming : abject relations in anorexia /." Title page, synopsis and contents only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw276b.pdf.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves [287]-309). Concerned with a group of people's everyday experiences of anorexia. The fieldwork on which the thesis is based was conducted in multiple sites (Vancouver, Edinburgh, and Adelaide) over 15 months (August 1998-October 1999) and deals with 44 women and 3 men ranging in ages from 14-55. Primarily concerned with the processes that propelled them towards and away from this phenomenon: the desires, connections, disconnections, practice, contested performances and struggles of becoming and unbecoming 'anorexic'.
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Dofsand, Felicia. "Media, men and eating disorders. a qualitative study of the media factors influence in the sicken of a eating disorder." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25312.
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Ätstörningar är en sjukdomsgrupp som blir allt vanligare i samhället. En av orsakerna till att sjukdomen ökar är det orealistiska idealet som presenters i media. Mediatrycket blir även mer påtagligt och lättåtkomligt. Idealet medför en ökad missnöjdhet med den egna kroppen och med utseendet som bidrar till ett driv för förändring. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om män påverkats av media i samma utsträckning som kvinnor i insjuknandet av en ätstörning. Samt om könet spelar en central roll för vem som drabbas. Av de som drabbas av en ätstörning och söker vård utgörs enbart 10% av män. Kan idealet ha en påverkan till att färre män drabbas? Eller medför de olika föreställningarna kring könen och sjukdomen att män inte inser att se är sjuka, vågar de inte söka hjälp eftersom det anses vara en kvinnosjukdom? Resultatet tyder på att sjukdomen är komplex till sin natur, där inte enbart en mediafaktorn bidrar till att en person drabbas.Eating disorders are a disease group that is becoming more common in society. One of the reasons that the disease is increasing is the unrealistic ideal that is presented in media. The media-pressure is substantial and accessible. The beauty ideal involve a dissatisfaction of a persons own body and his or hers appearance that will contribute to the drive of change. The purpose of this study is to investigate if men, as well as women, are influenced by the media-factor in the sicken of an eating disorder. Also if the sex matters and plays a certain role for those who suffer. Only 10 percent of those who are suffering from an eating disorder and that seeks help are men. Can the ideal have an direct affect that less men suffer from this disease? Or can the different expectations of the sexes and of the disease implicate that men don´t realize that they are sick, or that they feel shameful to seek help because eating disorders are known to be a women’s disease? The results implicate that eating disorders is a complex disease and that the media-factor alone does not contribute to sicken or the cause of sickness.
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Ringer, Francoise. "Early attachment and eating disorders: A comparative study between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1531.
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The purpose of this research was to study the association between adult mental representations of curly attachment relationships and eating disorders, and to compare attachment classifications between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. The sample consisted of 62 women with eating disorders, divided between anorexia nervosa [restricting type (n=20) and binge-eating/purging type (n=l6)], and bulimia nervosa (n=26). The measures were (a) a structured interview based on the ''Diagnostic Survey for Eating Disorders" (Johnson and Connors, 1987) and the DSM IV criteria for the classification of eating disorders, and (b) the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) (George, Kaplan and Main, 1985). The AAI was audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, and then scored by two independent scorers, following Crittenden (1998, 1999)'s dynamic-maturational model of attachment. The hypotheses were: (a) women with eating disorders show a high proportion of insecure attachment classifications, (b) the insecure attachment patterns are different (dismissing versus preoccupied) between women with anorexia nervosa and women with bulimia nervosa, and (c) the mental representation of early attachment of women with eating disorders with their fathers is characterised by negativity. The results showed that: (a) 60 out of 62 participants had an insecure attachment classification; (b) 65.4% of women with bulimia were classified preoccupied; of those with restricting anorexia, 42.1% were classified dismissing and 42.1% were classified combined dismissing/preoccupied; and for women with bulimic anorexia, 33,3% were dismissing, 46,7% preoccupied, and 20% combined dismissing/preoccupied [X² (4, N=60) = 11.337, p = .02]; and (c) concerning the "degree of negativity" in the mental representation of early attachment to the father, bulimic women were slightly more negative (57.7%) than positive (42.3%), restricting anorexics were more positive (70.0%) and bulimic anorexics were more negative (75.0%). These results were significant [X² (2,N = 62) = 7.589, p = .02]. The implications are: (a) For research, the application of the Adult Attachment lnterview to a clinical population; (b) for treatment, to differentiate appropriate treatments between types of eating disorders; and (c) for prevention, to underline the importance of early support and intervention in families "at risk".
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Watkins, Hannah. "Mentalisation in Anorexia Nervosa and disordered eating." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22892.
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Background: It is posited that attachment difficulties in infancy may result in reduced mentalisation capacity (understanding self and others’ subjective thoughts/mental processes), leading to potentially deleterious psychopathological outcomes such as eating disorders. The exact nature of the relationship between mentalisation and eating disorders/disordered eating is unclear however. Objectives: A systemic review examined whether those with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) experience mentalisation deficits compared to those without EDs. An empirical study, examining the link between mentalisation and disordered eating (DE) in an adolescent sample, was conducted to assess whether borderline trait features mediated the relationship between the two constructs. Method: A systematic search of 6 databases was conducted, and articles were assessed against predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Included articles were assessed against 14 quality criteria and study findings were reported. For the empirical study, 162 participants aged 12-18 completed a questionnaire pack including mentalisation, borderline traits, impulsivity, emotion dysregulation and depression scales, and sociodemographic questions. Results: Results from 10 articles indicated those with AN may experience subtle mentalisation deficits, particularly in recognising negative emotions in others. Mentalisation ability may also vary according to interpersonal context. Mediation analyses found mentalisation ability exerted a significant effect on DE indirectly through borderline trait features, and partially through emotion dysregulation, but not impulsivity. Conclusion: More robust empirical studies are required in order to assess the relationship between mentalisation and AN. Findings regarding the link between mentalisation, borderline traits and DE may further aid psychological assessment/treatment. Therapies where the main focus is improving mentalisation capacity may be useful.
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Khaira, Baljeet. "Eating disorders: their prevalence, complications, and role in oral health." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21190.
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Thesis (M.A.) PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.Eating disorders fall within the top nine health ailments affecting young people today. These illnesses such as Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Eating Disorders Not Otherwise Specified affect a large number of people, particularly female adolescents. The disorders can further cause complications in one’s health, systemically and orally, sometimes resulting in death. The purpose of this paper is to closely examine published studies examining the link between eating disorders and oral health. Multiple studies have found that patients suffering from eating disorders are more likely to develop tooth erosion. Behaviors often found in eating disorder patients such as self-induced vomiting and ingestion of highly acidic diets can lead to such enamel loss, a condition that is irreversible. Other researchers disagree about whether eating disorders can lead to an increase in dental caries, with some finding amplification and others finding no significant results. Parotid gland swelling is another side effect of eating disorders but this complication often recedes once the unhealthy behavior is halted. Most studies have not yet found a link between these illnesses and increased periodontal disease. However, they do seem to lead to decreased unstimulated salivary flow rates. Furthermore, it also appears that the disorders lead to augmented levels of S. mutans and Lactobacilli. One’s oral mucosa can also be affected via angular cheilitis and oral candidiasis. Additionally, eating disorders may serve as a risk factor for bone and joint disorders such as osteoporosis and temporomandibular joint disorders, respectively. The illnesses may show effect outside the oral cavity through Russell’s sign on one’s knuckles and oral function may be impaired. With all these possible oral complications being some of the first to indicate the presence of an eating disorder, dentists may be integral to identifying and stopping the progression of the disease. However, it has been suggested that eating disorder patients may have greater dental anxiety keeping them from visiting the dentist in the first place, let alone divulging their disease to their dentist. Furthermore, oral health professionals may not be adequately prepared to notice the presence of an eating disorder. Dental schools must do more to teach future oral health professionals about eating disorders, especially in the clinic, as simple suggestions like avoiding brushing one’s teeth immediately after participating in self-induced vomiting may help to reduce the likelihood of enamel erosion. Through this analysis it was determined that while sufficient baseline research has been done, there is still a great deal more to learn about how eating disorders affect one’s oral health. There are multiple forms of diagnostic criteria that could possibly prevent patients from receiving the best treatment possible. Furthermore, more research needs to be done on disorders other than Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa as not every patient falls under these two categories. Since it has been shown that certain types of medication can decrease one’s salivary flow rate, future studies need to also consider any medication that patients may be on. In order to really aid those affected by eating disorders, men should be considered as future subjects too, since most studies have currently only focused on women. By completing more research on eating disorders and their consequences on oral health, health care professionals will be better able to serve those affected.
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Ashley, DeeAnne Lynn. "The Eating disorders: A comprehensive bibliography of anorexia nervosa and bulimia." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1989. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/546.
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Ruangsri, Tassaya. "Why food? an exploration of the psychodynamics of the use of food in eating disordered clients and the implications for treatment : dissertation submitted to Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the degree of Masters of Health Science in Psychotherapy, 2009 /." Click here to access this resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/753.
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Cowdrey, Felicity Ann. "Rumination and reward processing in anorexia nervosa." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1d86eb13-7d41-40ef-a347-6480ebfefeb2.
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Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterised by severe emaciation due deliberate restriction of food intake and an intense fear of gaining weight. Theoretical accounts of AN have to date focused predominately on cognitive elements of the disorder, yet resulting treatments have been inadequate and outcome for AN remains poor. Understanding the processes that maintain the disorder is an important step in developing effective strategies to augment existing treatments. With this in mind, the question arises: what processes drive AN? Novel frameworks for AN suggest that particular information processing configurations or “modes” may underpin many symptoms of AN, such as preoccupation with control of eating, weight and shape. More specifically, it is proposed that a ruminative mode of processing may function as an avoidance strategy in AN, enabling individuals to neglect salient and rewarding stimuli, such as food, and thus uphold restrictive eating practices. Whilst empirical studies have examined processes such as rumination, avoidance and reward in depression, they have seldom been studied in AN. The aim of this thesis is therefore to understand the role of rumination and reward processes in AN. Chapter 1 reviews the literature on AN, rumination and reward processing. Chapter 2 presents data demonstrating to what extent the content of rumination in AN differs from rumination in depression and the effect that rumination may have on ED symptoms. The study conducted in Chapter 3 examines whether individuals with AN can be switched out of rumination around meal times and what effect this has on AN psychopathology. Chapter 4 presents neuroimaging data which elucidates the brain regions involved in processing rewarding and aversive food stimuli after recovery from AN. The study reported in Chapter 5 teases apart hedonic (liking) versus motivational (wanting) aspects of food reward in AN. The final study (Chapter 6) provides further evidence using neuroimaging that rumination may be an important process in AN which may override appetitive responses to rewarding stimuli, such as food. The studies reported support the notion that rumination and aberrant reward processing may be involved in the maintenance of AN.
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Brauhardt, Anne, Zwaan Martina de, and Anja Hilbert. "The therapeutic process in psychological treatments for eating disorders." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-215571.
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Objective: For eating disorders, a vast number of investigations have demonstrated the efficacy of psychological treatments. However, evidence supporting the impact of therapeutic process aspects on outcome (i.e., process-outcome research) has not been disentangled.
Method: Using the Generic Model of Psychotherapy (GMP) to organize various process aspects, a systematic literature search was conducted on psychological treatment studies for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and eating disorders not otherwise specified.
Results: Improved outcomes resulted for family-based treatment compared to individual treatment, for individual compared to group treatment, booster sessions, and positive patient expectations (GMP contract aspect); for nutritional counseling and exercising but not exposure with response prevention as adjunct interventions (therapeutic operations); for highly motivated patients and, to a lesser extent, for therapeutic alliance (therapeutic bond); as well as for rapid response and longer overall treatment duration (temporal patterns). Regarding other GMP aspects, studies on self-relatedness were completely lacking and in-session impacts were rarely investigated.
Discussion: As most studies assessed only a limited number of process aspects, the ability to draw conclusions about their overall impact regarding outcome is rather limited. Therefore, future process-outcome research is needed beyond investigations of treatment efficacy for eating disorders.
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MacDonald, Kirsty. "A comparison of neuropsychological test performance on the Ravello Profile between bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5707.
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Background The Ravello Profile is a battery of standardised neuropsychological measures of areas of functioning that evidence indicates are impaired in Anorexia Nervosa (AN), namely visuo-spatial functioning, central coherence and executive functioning. The neuropsychological profile of individuals with Bulimia Nervosa (BN) is less well established. The current study aimed to examine differences in cognitive performance between people with BN, AN and non-eating disordered controls on the Ravello Profile. Methods The AN group (N=60) comprised participants from an existing database (Frampton et al. 2009). The BN group (N=22) largely comprised participants from NHS adult out-patient services. The non-eating disordered control group (N=20) comprised of colleagues and acquaintances of the researcher. Differences between AN, BN and control samples on visuo-spatial functioning, central coherence, executive functioning and error rates were examined. Results The AN group performed significantly worse than the BN group on a measure of central coherence and on some measures of executive function, but the BN group did not perform worse than the control group. There was no significant difference between the groups on three measures of visuo-spatial functioning. However, the AN group was significantly slower than both the BN and control group to copy the figure. The results showed some evidence of increased error rates in BN relative to AN, which may reflect greater impulsivity in BN. Conclusions The results indicate separate patterns of neuropsychological performance between AN, BN and controls, with AN demonstrating poorer performance on measures of executive function and central coherence, whilst BN participants showed higher rates of errors. The BN group were also generally faster to complete some tasks, indicative of a preference for speed over accuracy or impulsivity. Those working with individuals with AN or BN should take into consideration possible effects of their respective cognitive limitations and adapt interventions accordingly.
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Tipton, Meaghan. "An Interdisciplinary Study to Understand Treatment Seeking Behavior Among Female Survivors of Eating Disorders: Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa, and Binge Eating Disorder." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2020/schedule/29.
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As modern medicine advances knowledge of the human body, mental health is still underrepresented and in some cases ignored as a 'real' medical issue (Latzer, 2011). Under that umbrella falls eating disorders, particularly these three types: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. This study was done in order to better understand what influenced female survivors of eating disorders to seek treatment. In America, approximately 0.9 percent of women will develop anorexia eating disorder (Stice E & Bohon C. 2012) , 3.5 percent of women will develop a binge eating disorder, and 1.5 percent will develop a bulimic eating disorder (Hudson et al, 2007). While these percentages may seem small, the health problem is not, eating disorders have the highest mortality rate of any mental illness (Smink et al, 2012). The purpose of this study is to understand what psychosocial factors influence people with eating disorders to seek treatment.
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Boles, Sheryl Whitman. "Voices of anorexia." [Pensacola, Fla.] : University of West Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/WFE0000133.
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Shapiro, Joel. "The phenomenology of the anorexic body." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002562.
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The purpose of the study is to articulate the phenomenology of the anorexic body. In order to describe the complex meaning of the anorexic body, the present research adopts the qualitative and exploratory approach of Seidman's (1991) in-depth phenomenologically based interviewing method. This involves a series of three separate interviews, with three research participants who have had personal experience of anorexia. The method of data analysis used is essentially on editing style of analysis (Miller and Crabtree, 1992) and is based on a hybrid of the grounded theory approach of Glaser and Strauss (1967) and Heidegger's (1927) ontological hermeneutics to form what Addison (1992) calls grounded interpretive research. Anorexic embodiment is conceptualised as precipitating a fundamental disturbance between the interactions of embodied consciousness and the world. The body is no longer taken-for-granted, and becomes an object for scrutiny. As an object, the body is experienced as a thing exterior to the self, and this awareness contributes to the sense of qisorder which permeates anorexic embodiment. Bodily intentionality is frustrated when the sphere of bodily actions and habitual acts become circumscribed. The character of lived temporality and lived spatiality are also effected with the anorexic's focus on the now, ushering in a spatiality of the here. These findings indicate that anorexic embodiment is experienced primarily as a disruption of the 'lived body' rather than that of the biological body. The prevailing discourses of anorexic embodiment are shown to be split between the naturalized discourses that provide a model of the body that is biologically determined and ahistorical, and the denaturalized discourses that provide a model of the body that is culturally constructed and lacks embodied givenness. It is argued that Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology of the body offers a renaturalization of the body that overcomes the nature/culture dichotomy of the naturalized and denaturalized discourses, thereby providing a solid foundation that more directly addresses the phenomenology of the anorexic body. The theoretical and treatment implications of Merleau-Ponty's renaturalization of the anorexic body are highlighted, and suggestions for further research are presented.
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Quakenbush, Benita J. "Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa: The Patients' Perspective." DigitalCommons@USU, 1996. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6094.
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Eating-disorder clients show low motivation, poor follow-through, and inordinate premature dropout rates in treatment. To date, little research has been conducted that might provide clinicians with an understanding of the critical factors that may aid clients' recovery. Such factors may be used by clinicians to better motivate clients to collaborate in treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify some of the critical factors that women with eating disorders believed were crucial in prompting or facilitating their recovery. Identification of these factors was accomplished through a systematic content analysis of semistructured interviews with recovered or recovering bulimics and anorexics. This study may contribute significantly to future research into the development of motivational supplements to eating disorder therapy ( e.g., psychoeducational materials or therapy orientation programs). Of interest were what personal, interpersonal, or environmental factors anorexic and bulimic clients reported increased their motivation to recover, and prompted them to begin the recovery process, maintain recovery, and cope with the threat of relapse. Also, factors that subjects reported hindered their progress in recovery were examined.
The anorexic and bulimic subjects reported social support as a critical factor across three stages of recovery, including beginning recovery, maintaining recovery, and coping with relapse. Being "tired" of the disorder and therapy were indicated to be relevant to beginning recovery. Improved self-esteem was deemed significant in helping subjects both maintain recovery and cope with the threat of relapse. Establishing healthy eating habits and attitudes was a necessary factor required to maintain recovery. Subjects shared that developing healthy ways to deal with emotions enabled them to deal successfully with the threat of relapse.
Anorexic subjects reported that people and societal expectations, fear of becoming fat, incentive to numb emotions, and poor eating habits and attitudes impeded their recovery. Bulimic subjects indicated that people and societal expectations, incentive to numb emotions, lack of understanding, and poor eating habits and attitudes hindered their recovery.
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Satir, Dana Allyson. "An experimental analysis of Alliance Focused Treatment for anorexia nervosa." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/32055.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
INTRODUCTION: Evidence supporting outpatient treatments for anorexia nervosa (AN) is severely lacking, due to low retention rates and poor outcome in treatment studies. One explanation for patient drop-out is weak treatment alliances, which are also associated with poor outcome. This study investigates a novel treatment for AN, Alliance Focused Treatment (AFT), which attends to ruptures in the alliance as well as interpersonal difficulties and emotional avoidance commonly associated with AN. Group analyses are presented along with one detailed case. METHOD: Seven women with AN-spectrum illnesses were randomized to receive both AFT and Behavioral Change Treatment (BCT) using a replicated single case A-B-C-B design. Participants began with a Baseline Phase (A) and then received the experimental treatment (AFT) and the comparison treatment (BCT) in alternating fashion. This design allowed each participant to provide comparison (control) data for each treatment. "Time" (session number) was used as a covariate in analyses. Each treatment phase was four weeks long, with twice-weekly sessions. Participants recorded daily kilocalorie intake and post-session treatment alliance. Generalized Estimating Equations were used to examine differences in kilocalorie intake and treatment alliance between phases and within participants. Graphs of slopes of kilocalorie and alliance change for each participant, in each phase, facilitated observation of treatment effects. RESULTS: Six participants completed treatment. Significant overall increases in kilocalorie intake were observed only in BCT relative to a baseline period when controlling for time, however, both AFT and BCT showed interactions with time indicating kilocalorie intake increased in both conditions. No significant differences between active treatments in kilocalorie intake were observed. Participants rated global working alliance significantly higher in BCT, while they rated the task dimension of alliance significantly higher in AFT. Global patient-rated treatment alliance was significantly associated with kilocalorie intake, and the relationship between global alliance and kilocalorie intake became stronger over time. Participants rated ruptures in 39% of sessions and frequently reported discussion of the rupture as a component of its resolution. DISCUSSION: This study provides preliminary support for the feasibility and effect of AFT and BCT, and highlights the importance of the alliance in treating adults with AN.
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Rogers, Rebecca L. (Rebecca Lynn). "Personality Correlates of Anorexia Nervosa in a Nonclinical Sample." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279090/.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between anorexia nervosa and several personality traits. Past research in this area has been contradictory for several reasons. Sociocultural theories have described the media's role in promoting eating disorders by portraying a thin body-type as the ideal. However, they have neglected to describe the personality ideal which our society promotes in women. It is proposed here that anorexics incorporate and oppose this ideal. Therefore, the anorexic personality is one filled with conflict.
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Peters, Joellen Mikovich. "The effect of therapeutic assessment on women with eating disorders /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Gibson, Susan Gail. "An exploratory study of attitudes and perceptions of food portions in individuals with eating disorders." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08042009-040347/.
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Hall, Royston. "Emotion recognition and set shifting in women with anorexia nervosa." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/33925.
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Objective: Neuropsychology models of anorexia nervosa (AN) propose that cognitive difficulties including poor Emotion Recognition (ER) and set-shifting ability may be central to the development and maintenance of eating pathology. This study aimed to test the central positions of such models by assessing specific ER difficulties in AN as well as the relationship between ER deficits and set-shifting performance. Methods: Fifty-one women were assessed (25 with AN; M = 28.20 SD = 8.69 and 26 control M = 21.27 SD = 5.10) on a novel measure of ER, a set-shifting test and self-report questionnaires concerning co-morbid factors. Results: The data did not reveal a global difference in ER or set-shifting performance between groups. Specific hypotheses of ER deficits in AN were also not met as performance on individual emotions was comparable between groups. There was an unexpected negative correlation between disgust recognition and set-shifting performance, however, this was only significant across the whole sample. ER performance was not related with any confounding factors. Conclusions: Despite an abundance of research supporting the position of social cognitive difficulties in AN, the current study failed to find global or specific deficits in ER in the present sample. Similarly, ER performance was not related to set-shifting as proposed by neuropsychological models of AN aetiology. Possible explanations for a lack of difference observed using this novel ER task are explored and future directions for evaluating ER in AN are discussed.
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Rees-Davies, Laura Nicole. "Anorexia nervosa in Wales : patient treatment experience and healthcare professional awareness." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2016. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/anorexia-nervosa-in-wales(f14bc8a9-0628-4315-bcf4-547d7d44c295).html.
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Study one explored the service user experience of treatment for anorexia nervosa in the Welsh healthcare service. Factors such as treatment expectations, satisfaction, therapeutic alliance, motivation to change and engaging in treatment were considered by conducting indepth interviews with participants who had a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and were receiving secondary care. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic framework analysis revealing six main concepts: service user description of anorexia; expectations of treatment for anorexia; the journey through the health service for anorexia; therapeutic alliance during treatment for anorexia; satisfaction with the health service; and service user recommendations to improve the health service. Mapping and interpretation of the concepts drawn from the interviews resulted in a model exploring the relationship between expectations and satisfaction of treatment for patients with anorexia nervosa, and the effect upon motivation to engage in treatment and recover. Another model describing factors that affect therapeutic alliance was developed. The results are described with particular reference to the Self-Determination Theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000). Study two used a four-stage, mixed-methods approach to develop and evaluate an anorexia nervosa awareness campaign for healthcare professionals. The campaign was developed using an integrative social marketing approach (NSMC: 2013): including formative research, process evaluation and outcome evaluation. Formative research included audience research (interviews and focus groups with healthcare professionals and healthcare professionals in training) in combination with theories of social cognition and persuasion to develop four posters. Process evaluation included campaign evaluation by healthcare professionals using questionnaires (open and closed ended questions). Appropriate modifications to the posters were made following the process evaluation, and two posters were chosen as the final intervention. Outcome evaluation of the campaign was conducted by using a brief, four-item evaluation questionnaire completed by healthcare professionals (General Practitioners and nurses). Results from all phases indicated that the use of posters as the medium of the anorexia Study three included development of a comprehensive audio-visual intervention to increase nursing students’ self-effcacy regarding initial management of patients with anorexia nervosa. The intervention was developed and underpinned using the Transtheoretical Model Framework (Levesque et al., 2001), and then evaluated using a pre-post-test design. The intervention was successful in significantly increasing nursing students’ self-efficacy regarding the initial management of anorexia nervosa. Furthermore, the nursing students’ self-efficacy was high prior to the intervention, indicating that nursing students already feel confident to manage patients with the disorder. The methodological and theoretical implications are discussed. nervosa awareness campaign did not sufficiently raise awareness of anorexia nervosa, and therefore the limitations of the second study were considered.
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Martin, Joan E. "Twenty-five years of eating disorders : a synthesis of changes and developments for the years 1973 - 1998." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342526.
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Gant, Kay. "The development and assessment of a scale to measure the experience of an anorexic voice in anorexia nervosa." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-development-and-assessment-of-a-scale-to-measure-the-experience-of-an-anorexic-voice-in-anorexia-nervosa(a0b34abe-db80-4c51-9df2-fa47d761fd0c).html.
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This thesis sought to develop and assess a novel scale to measure the experience of an anorexic voice in anorexia nervosa. It consists of three standalone papers. Papers one and two have been prepared for submission to two separate journals relevant to the methodology and research area for each, and comply with the journal guidelines. Paper one is a thematic synthesis of qualitative literature exploring "inner speech" for individuals with a diagnosed psychological disorder. Following a standardised procedure for thematic synthesis, six databases were searched and 10 studies were included. In total, three analytical themes were identified within the data: 1) Withdrawing to an inner world, 2) A fragmented and conflicted self and 3) Re-connecting with the outside world. The results found several similarities regarding the nature, function and negative consequences of engaging with critical inner dialogues across clinical samples. IS as both a coping mechanism and a maintaining factor of psychological distress was a key finding. The results indicated therapeutic approaches facilitating acceptance of internal experiences and disengagement from critical internal dialogues may be helpful. Paper two is a two-stage quantitative study that describes the development and assessment of a novel scale, the Experience of an Anorexic VoicE Questionnaire (EAVE-Q). Using data collected in an earlier qualitative study, Stage 1 generated scale items and tested for face and content validity using cognitive interviews with seven individuals with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. In Stage 2, 148 individuals with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa were recruited from mental health services, eating disorder charities, the community and online to complete the EAVE-Q and measures of eating disorder symptoms, mood and quality of life. The dimensionality of the scale was assessed using principle axis factoring and associations between the EAVE-Q domains and clinical outcomes were evaluated. Factor analysis derived an 18 item scale with five domains. Two domains related to negative consequences of the AV, two to positive functions and one to the externalisation of the AV from the self. There were significant associations between individual EAVE-Q domains and eating disorder symptoms, mood and quality of life. The results highlighted the value in further research to refine the EAVE-Q, and to use this in future research to assess if changes in AV experiences are associated with clinical change over time. Paper three is a critical appraisal of this research. It includes reflections on the research process, discussion of the methodological limitations, and consideration of the implications of the findings for existing theory, future research and clinical practice.
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Gallo, Rosane Tronchin. "Estudo da disfunção temporomandibular em pacientes com transtornos alimentares: anorexia nervosa e bulimia nervosa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-03112016-151727/.
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Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar a presença de disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) em pacientes previamente diagnosticados com transtorno alimentar (bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa ou anorexia nervosa purgativa), classificá-la em intra e extra-articular, investigar a possível correlação entre diagnósticos de transtorno alimentar e DTM e a correlação entre o tempo de duração do TA e o tempo de dor devido à DTM. O grupo estudado foi formado por 31 pacientes com transtorno alimentar (TA) composto quase pela totalidade (96,8%, 30/31) de mulheres, com idade média de 30,7 ± 6,7 (de 18 a 48 anos). Na primeira consulta, todos os participantes preencheram os questionários de saúde geral e o questionário de critérios diagnósticos em pesquisa da disfunção temporomandibular (RDC/TMD), foram entrevistados e examinados clinicamente para os sinais e sintomas de DTM. Os sinais clínicos contabilizados foram movimentos mandibulares, dor à palpação muscular e articular, sons articulares e dor espontânea contabilizada pela Escala Visual Analógica (EVA). Após o resumo de todas as variáveis do estudo, foram feitas as análises relacionadas à correlação dos dados obtidos. Para isso foram utilizados os seguintes testes: exato de Fisher, t-Student, Mann-Whitney,e teste de correlação de Pearson, conforme a natureza das variáveis. A significância estatística foi indicada para valores de p < 0,05. A maioria dos pacientes deste estudo, (83,9%, 26/31), foram diagnosticados com DTM, sendo 67,7% (21/31) intra-articular e 74,2% (23/31) extra-articular. Apresentaram os dois diagnósticos 54,8% (17/31) dos pacientes. A correlação entre o tempo do transtorno alimentar e o tempo de dor orofacial foi estatisticamente significativa, concluindo-se que quanto maior o tempo do TA, maior o tempo de dor orofacial caudada pela DTM. A correlação entre a classificação de DTM, intra e extra-articular, e os diagnósticos de TA, bulimia e anorexia nervosa, não foram significantes para este grupo estudado.This study aims to investigate the presence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in patients previously diagnosed with eating disorders (bulimia nervosa , anorexia nervosa or purgative anorexia nervosa ), to categorize the TMD into intra- and extra articular and to investigate the possible correlation between eating disorders diagnoses and TMD as well as the correlation between the longevity of TA and the longevity of pain due to TMD. The study group consisted of 31 patients with eating disorders (ED) and was mainly composed by women ( 96.8 % , 30/31 ) with a mean age of 30.7 ± 6.7 ( 18-48 years) At the first visit all participants completed the general health questionnaire and the research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders questionnaire (RDC / TMD ), they were also interviewed and clinically examined for signs and symptoms of TMD. The recorded clinical signs were jaw movements , pain upon palpation of muscles and temporomandibular joints , joint sounds and spontaneous pain recorded by the Visual Analogic Scale (VAS ). After the summary of all study variables, the analyses related to the correlation of the data were made. The following tests were used: Fisher \'s exact test, t- Student , Mann -Whitney , and Pearson correlation test , according to the nature of the variables. Statistical significance was indicated for p values < 0.05. Most patients in this study ( 83.9 % , 26/31 ) were diagnosed with TMD, of which 67.7 % ( 21/31 ) presented intra -articular and 74.2 % ( 23/31 ) extra -articular .while 54.8 % ( 17/31 ) presented both diagnoses. The correlation between the duration of the eating disorder and the duration of orofacial pain due to TMD was statistically significant , it was concluded that the longer the TA , the longer the pain. The correlation between TMD classification , intra- and extra -articular , and TA diagnostics, bulimia and anorexia nervosa , was not significant for this studied group.
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Sampaio, Danielle. "The relational world of anorexia nervosa : a phenomenological exploration into the experiences of pursued weight loss amongst women." Thesis, Regent's University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.646069.
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Aims: This thesis aims to illuminate the experiences of 8 women between the ages of 22-60 who have experienced anorexia nervosa. In particular, the aim is to understand their relationship to food within the context of their wider lived world and relationships. The meaning that anorexic behaviours carried for participants is also looked at in detail. Additionally, attention is paid to the experience of any change that has occurred with their relationship to food, themselves and others. Method: Data was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. This method allows for in-depth data to be gathered on participants’ unique experiences, whilst uncovering commonalities of themes within a homogenous sample group. Embracing reflexivity as a researcher is an equally important part of this thesis. There is a continual engagement with my personal and professional values, beliefs and potential biases that could have influenced the findings of this thesis. Findings: The analysis produced five master themes: 1) Problematic Relationships within the Family, 2) Challenging Relationships and Experiences with the Wider World, 3) A Conflicted Relationship between the Physical and Psychological Sense of Self, 4) A Meaningful Relationship with Food, 5) The Role and Influence of Others in the Process of Change. Discussion: The importance of understanding anorexia nervosa within the context of participants’ wider past and present experiences and relationships was notable. This includes understanding how anorexia relates to their relationship with themselves and their fragile sense of self. There is a perceived need to work collaboratively as counselling psychologists, to ensure that clients have access to a range of therapeutic interventions which focus not just on symptom alleviation, but on deeper problematic relationships.
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Wormald, Charlotte L. "Inflated responsibility and perfectionism in child and adolescent anorexia nervosa." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2013. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/12339/.
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Theory suggests that cognitive biases in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) may occur in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) and anorexia nervosa /eating disorder not otherwise specified (AN/EDNOS), which may partly explain the large co-morbidity between the two disorders. The aim of the current study was to investigate the cognitive biases of inflated responsibility (IR) and perfectionism in children and adolescents who had been diagnosed with AN and AN/EDNOS. An additional aim was to investigate the relationship between IR and perfectionism and to test an interaction effect on AN severity. The relationship between young people and their parents’ levels of inflated responsibility was also investigated. A cross-sectional multi-site pilot study using standardised questionnaires was conducted. Full ethical approval was gained and 30 young people diagnosed with AN and AN/EDNOS and 32 of their parents participated. This included 22 matched pairs of children and parents. Children and adolescents with AN and AN/EDNOS reported significantly higher levels of IR and perfectionism, compared to the published data for non-clinical norms. Self-orientated perfectionism was associated with frequency of IR thoughts. There was also a significant interaction effect: young people who had a higher frequency of IR thoughts and self-orientated perfectionism had lower BMIs. Parents reported higher levels of IR compared to the published non-clinical norms, but there was no relationship between child and parent IR. Further independent replication of these results is needed. IR and perfectionism should be considered in the assessment and treatment of child and adolescent AN and AN/EDNOS, both in individual and systemic interventions. This research also adds to the growing body of literature examining cognitive biases of OCD in an AN population, which may offer some insight into the overlap between the two disorders.
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Galbraith, Michael. "A study of attitudes and beliefs associated with anorexia nervosa in adolescents and their parents." Thesis, Open University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287021.
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Ostien, Michelle Cristin. "Similarities and Differences in Females with Regards to Perfectionism in those with Anorexia Nervosa, High BMI (Binge Eaters vs. Non-Binge Eaters), and those Seeking a Healthier Lifestyle." OpenSIUC, 2008. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/65.
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AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF MICHELLE OSTIEN, for the Master of Science degree in FOOD AND NUTRITION, presented on November 20, 2008, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES IN FEMALES WITH REGARDS TO PERFECTIONISM IN THOSE WITH ANOREXIA NERVOSA, HIGH BMI (BINGE EATERS VS. NON-BINGE EATERS), AND THOSE SEEKING A HEALTHIER LIFESTYLE MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Sharon Peterson One in five women in the United States struggle with an eating disorder or distorted eating patterns (National Institute of Mental Health, 2001). Perfectionism, one of the risk factors for developing an eating disorder, is a trait that many of these women have in common. While much research has been done on perfectionism in women with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, few studies have looked at perfectionism in women with binge eating disorder (Pratt, Telch, Labouvie, Wilson, & Agras, 2001). Our study sought to further understand the similarities and differences of the total and individual components of perfectionism in females seeking a healthier lifestyle, high BMI binge eaters, high BMI non-binge eaters, and anorexics. Our study found that the first component of the perfectionism scale (representing self-oriented perfectionism) was found to be significant between groups (p=0.002). When comparing females seeking a healthier lifestyle to high BMI binge eaters, females seeking a healthier lifestyle were more likely to answer "no", while high BMI binge eaters were more likely to answer "yes" (p=0.006). When comparing females seeking a healthier lifestyle to anorexics, females seeking a healthier lifestyle were more likely to answer "no" when compared to anorexics (p=0.033). When comparing high BMI binge eaters to high BMI non-binge eaters, high BMI binge eaters were also more likely to answer "yes" to this question when compared to high BMI non-binge eaters (p=0.048). Compared to 76.9% (N=10) of female anorexics, 74.4% (N=32) of female high BMI binge eaters, 50.0% (N=32) of female high BMI non-binge eaters, and 31.2 % (N=5) of females seeking a healthier lifestyle answered "yes" to perfectionism component one, which represented self-oriented perfectionism. Anorexics had the greatest tendency for perfectionism, followed by binge eaters, and then non-binge eaters. This study demonstrated that self-oriented perfectionism is the greatest indicator of perfectionism between subject groups and that perfectionism does exist in binge eaters.
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Hilbert, Anja. "Psychotherapie bei Essstörungen." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-211408.
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Essstörungen sind prävalente psychische Störungen mit schwerwiegenden, oftmals langfristigen Auswirkungen auf die psychische und körperliche Gesundheit. Eine zunehmende Anzahl von klinischen Studien dokumentiert die Wirksamkeit verschiedener psychotherapeutischer Ansätze für spezifische Essstörungen. Im vorliegenden Themenheft 5 werden die Wirksamkeit von neuen Ansätzen zur Einzeltherapie und zur internet-basierten Rückfallprophylaxe, die Patientensicht auf die Therapie sowie die Relevanz von Faktoren des therapeutischen Prozesses bei verschiedenen Essstörungen beleuchtet. Weiterer Forschungsbedarf besteht insbesondere hinsichtlich des Prozesses und der Dissemination evidenzbasierter Psychotherapie für EssstörungenEating disorders are prevalent psychiatric disorders with severe and longstanding 15 implications for mental and physical health. An increasing number of clinical studies documents the efficacy of certain psychotherapeutic approaches for specific eating disorders. This special issue addresses the efficacy of novel approaches in face-to-face individual therapy and Internet-based relapse prevention, patient views of treatment, and the relevance of therapeutic process factors for diverse eating disorders. Further research is particularly 20 warranted regarding the process and dissemination of evidence-based psychotherapy for eating disorders
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Dolton, Rosalind Jennifer. "Eating disorders : a study of client characteristics, experiences and perspectives, and some implications for counselling." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390852.
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Mather, Sandra Joan. "Ultrasound bone analysis in children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa and related eating disorders." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325694.
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Vale, Antonio Maia Olsen do. "Abnormal eating behavior and inappropriate practices for weight control amongst female adolescents in fortaleza." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2002. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=24.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorObjectives: characterize eating habits and possible risk factors associated with Eating Disorders, amongst female adolescents in Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. Methodology: transversal study, with 652 women between 14 and 20 years of age, students of the second year of Middle-level education. The Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh (BITE), the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) were used. Results: 73.6% of the subjects are out of risk for development of an Eating Disorder, 25.2% are at risk and in 1.2% a strong possibility of eating disorder in course was found. The proportion of adolescents who showed risky habits was greater in private schools (p<0.05). According to the EAT-26, 9% of the sample showed a score (>=21) which characterizes them as being at risk and practicing pathological eating habits. The BSQ indicated that 36.2% of the adolescents showed concern with their body image (BI); of these, 61% (n=236) were concerned to a degree considered mild, 26.3% showed a moderate concern and 12.7% showed serious concern with BI. Students at public and private schools demonstrated a similar desire to be thin, but adolescents from private schools more frequently used inappropriate practices in order to reach that wish. Conclusion: Adolescents who demonstrate eating disorders in their clinical form, are a rare phenomenon in public and private schools in Fortaleza, whilst the symptoms of eating disorder, either isolated or in small groups, occur with relevant frequency amongst the population studied.
Objetivo: caracterizar prÃticas alimentares e os possÃveis fatores de risco associados aos Transtornos Alimentares, entre estudantes adolescentes do sexo feminino de Fortaleza-CE. MÃtodos: estudo transversal, com 652 mulheres de 14 a 20 anos, estudantes do 2 ano do segundo grau. Foram utilizados o Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh (BITE), o Body Shape Questionaire (BSQ) e o Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). Resultados: Das adolescentes, 73,6% estÃo fora de risco para o desenvolvimento de um Transtorno Alimentar, 25,2% delas estÃo em situaÃÃo de risco e em 1,2% foram encontrados indicativos para a ocorrÃncia de um transtorno alimentar. A proporÃÃo de adolescentes que apresentaram prÃticas de risco foi superior nas escolas particulares (p<0,05). Segundo o EAT-26, 9% da amostra apresentam uma pontuaÃÃo (>=21) que caracteriza um estado de situaÃÃo de risco, alÃm de atitudes alimentares patolÃgicas. O BSQ apontou que 36,2% das adolescentes apresentam preocupaÃÃo com a imagem corporal; destas 61% tiveram uma preocupaÃÃo considerada de grau leve, 26,3% apresentaram uma moderada preocupaÃÃo e 12,7% apresentaram uma grave preocupaÃÃo com a imagem corporal. A proporÃÃo de adolescentes que apresentam preocupaÃÃo com a imagem corporal em colÃgios particulares (43%) foi superior à proporÃÃo das que estudam em colÃgios pÃblicos (32,3%), ou seja, a ocorrÃncia de adolescentes com alteraÃÃo de imagem corporal à maior nos colÃgios particulares (p<0,05). As estudantes de colÃgios pÃblicos e particulares demonstraram um desejo similar de serem magras, mas as adolescentes de colÃgios particulares usam de forma mais freqÃente prÃticas inapropriadas para alcanÃar este desejo. ConclusÃo: Adolescentes que apresentam todos os critÃrios diagnÃsticos para caracterizar um transtorno alimentar sÃo uma ocorrÃncia rara em escolas pÃblicas e privadas de Fortaleza, enquanto que os sintomas de transtorno alimentar, apresentando-se em pequena mas preocupante quantidade, ocorrem numa freqÃÃncia relevante entre a populaÃÃo estudada.
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Solstrand, Dahlberg Linda. "Assessment of Function, Structure and Working Memory in Adolescents with a Recent Diagnosis of an Eating Disorder." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Funktionell farmakologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-259050.
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Body, weight and shape related obsessions and ruminations are characteristic traits of individuals with eating disorders (ED) that are found to predate the onset of the disorder. Individuals with chronic ED display altered neural activation in response to food stimuli, and are reported to have volumetric differences compared to healthy individuals, which is likely an effect of prolonged starvation. ED individuals are also seen to dispose an attentional bias to food stimuli, even when perceived sub-consciously, which are reported to interfere with cognitive tasks, including working memory (WM). However, whether the differences in neural activation and structure are present in adolescents with a recent ED diagnosis is not known. In paper I we describe how images of high- and low-calorie foods resulted in greater responses in the prefrontal circuitry in ED adolescents compared to healthy controls (HC). Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in ED individuals were associated with prefrontal circuitry and cerebellar activation, whereas faster reaction times to the WM were associated with greater superior frontal gyrus activity. The findings indicate that ED cognitions may be linked to WM abilities, both of which are associated with frontal cortex functioning. WM performance is examined further in paper II, where we found that the presence of subliminal food images were seen to disrupt WM performance in terms of slower reaction times and less correct responses in ED but not HC. The WM interference was associated with increased activity in the parietal and superior temporal cortex. WM interference caused by subliminal food stimuli may reflect a pre-attentive bias to food in adolescents with ED, which could be a risk factor for further development of an ED. The structural differences in brain volume between adolescents with ED and HC were examined in paper III. ED symptoms were found to be associated with volume differences in insular cortex and superior temporal gyrus, whereas obsessive-compulsive symptoms were associated with reduced volumes in the putamen and cerebellum. These volumetric differences in regions implicated in restraint, obsessions and WM are likely to precede structural variations caused by starvation as seen in chronic ED’s. Connectivity from these regions, in addition to other regions believed to be implicated in ED, was studied in paper IV. Fronto-parietal regions as well as the insula showed increased connectivity in ED, whereas connectivity from the mesolimbic reward regions did not differ from HC. Regions with increased connectivity in ED are involved with self-awareness, body image and ED related ruminations, connections that could influence how one’s body is perceived. In conclusion, the studies included in this thesis describes changes in functional activity, connectivity and brain volume in regions involved with ED cognitions, eating behaviour, and body image in adolescents recently diagnosed with an ED.
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Brauhardt, Anne, Zwaan Martina de, and Anja Hilbert. "The therapeutic process in psychological treatments for eating disorders: a systematic review." International Journal of Eating Disorders (2014) 47, 6, S. 565-584, 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A15165.
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Objective: For eating disorders, a vast number of investigations have demonstrated the efficacy of psychological treatments. However, evidence supporting the impact of therapeutic process aspects on outcome (i.e., process-outcome research) has not been disentangled.
Method: Using the Generic Model of Psychotherapy (GMP) to organize various process aspects, a systematic literature search was conducted on psychological treatment studies for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge-eating disorder, and eating disorders not otherwise specified.
Results: Improved outcomes resulted for family-based treatment compared to individual treatment, for individual compared to group treatment, booster sessions, and positive patient expectations (GMP contract aspect); for nutritional counseling and exercising but not exposure with response prevention as adjunct interventions (therapeutic operations); for highly motivated patients and, to a lesser extent, for therapeutic alliance (therapeutic bond); as well as for rapid response and longer overall treatment duration (temporal patterns). Regarding other GMP aspects, studies on self-relatedness were completely lacking and in-session impacts were rarely investigated.
Discussion: As most studies assessed only a limited number of process aspects, the ability to draw conclusions about their overall impact regarding outcome is rather limited. Therefore, future process-outcome research is needed beyond investigations of treatment efficacy for eating disorders.
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Trace, Sara. "The Genetic Epidemiology of Purging Disorder, Anorexia Nervosa, and Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/125.
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Although a variety of factors influence the development of eating disorders, genetic factors contribute notably to their etiology. Understanding genetic factors associated with eating disorders is important, as they can influence how these disorders are recognized, researched, and treated. This dissertation included two studies addressing important questions within the fields of eating disorders and genetics; specifically, Study 1 addressed the prevalence and heritability of purging and purging disorder in a population-based sample of female twins from the United States; and Study 2 investigated the nature of the co-morbidity between anorexia nervosa and obsessive compulsive personality disorder in a population-based sample of female twins from Norway. Twin methodology was applied for both studies. Univariate analyses, a bivariate Cholesky decomposition, and an item-factor modeling approach were used. Results from Study 1 revealed estimates of 3.0%, 3.4%, 3.7%, and 11.5% for self-induced vomiting, laxative and diuretic abuse, and excessive exercise, respectively. Laxative abuse was more strongly influenced by common environmental effects, while liability to excessive exercise was more strongly influenced by common genetic factors. Due to insufficient data, an item-factor model of purging disorder did not yield conclusive results. In Study 2, the phenotypic correlation between anorexia nervosa and obsessive compulsive personality disorder was 0.08. A bivariate Cholesky decomposition revealed that an AE-AEre model best fit the data, indicating that additive genetic effects moderately contribute to both anorexia nervosa and obsessive compulsive personality disorder individually but that these genetic influences are not shared between the two disorders. In addition, this model suggests that the slight overlap in liability between the two disorders is entirely accounted for by unique environmental effects and error. These results provide preliminary findings on important topics within the field of eating disorders and genetics research. Further study of the heritability of purging and purging disorder, as well as the nature of the co-morbidity between anorexia nervosa and obsessive compulsive personality disorder, is needed in large population-based samples. Better understanding the etiology of disordered eating and frequently co-occurring diagnoses, both at the diagnosis and symptom level, might have the potential to inform classification and treatment.
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Conradie, Maria Martha. "Abnormalities of bone and mineral metabolism in patients with eating disorders." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52058.
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Thesis (MScMedSc) -- Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Osteopenia is a well documented complication of anorexia nervosa (AN). The pathogenesis of this bone loss is presently poorly defined in the literature. Pathogenetic mechanisms that have been implicated include certain nutritional factors, exercise abuse, hypogonadism, hypercortisolism and/or vitamin 0 deficiency. We studied, 59 Caucasian eating disorder patients aged 15-45yr. The eating disorder was classified by a single, qualified psychiatrist according to OSM IV R criteria as either anorexia nervosa (AN: n =25), bulimia nervosa (BN: n = 17) or eating disorder not otherwise specified (EONOS: n = 17). All patients were subjected to a detailed dietary and general history. We assessed the prevalence and severity (OEXA), the nature (osteocalcin, deoxypyridinoline) and site (vertebral versus hip) of osteopenla in these patients. he role of nutritional factors (energy intake, weight, height, BMI, plasma albumin, lipids), physical activity, hypercortisolemia (plasma and urinary free cortisol), vitamin 0 deficiency (plasma 250HD) and hypogonadism (amenorrhoea, E2, LH, FSH) in the pathogenesis of bone loss were also evaluated. Mild osteopenia (BMO decreased by more than 1SO below age-matched controls) was documented in 46% of the total study population, with more marked osteopenia (Z-Score < -2 SO) present in 15%. Both vertebral and hip osteopenia were documented. In the study population those patients with AN (Lumbar BMO (q/cm") = 0.869 ± 0.121) were most likely to develop osteoporosis, although a significant percentage of patients with BN (Lumbar BMO (q/crn") = 0.975 ± 0.16) and EONOS (Lumbar BMO (g/cm2) = 0.936 ± 0.10) were also osteopenic (29% and 35% respectively). Twenty four percent (24%) of the total patient population had a history of fragility fractures. These fractures were reported more commonly amongst patients with AN and EONOS (28% and29.4%). Fracture prevalence was however similar in patients with normal and low bone mass. Conventional risk factors were similar in patients with normal and low bone mass, except for a significantly longer duration of amenorrhoea (p = 0.009), a lower BMI (p = 0.0001) and greater alcohol consumption (p = 0.05) in the osteopenic patients. Nutritional parameters (S-albumin, protein, Ca, and P04 intakes), physical activity, as well as 25(OH) vitamin D levels were similar in AN and BN subjects, as well as in patients with a low versus normal BMD. Plasma and urine cortisol levels were also similar in these subgroups. With the exception of two patients with borderline osteopenia, significant bone loss was only documented in those patients with a past or current history of amenorrhoea. In the total patient population the duration of amenorrhoea was significantly (p<0.009) longer in patients with osteopenia versus those with a normal bone mass. A significant negative correlation between BMD (Z-Score) and duration of amenorrhoea was also documented in the total patient population (r = -0.4, P = 0.001) as well as in all three eating disorder groups (AN r - -0.4, P = 0.03; BN r = - 0.6, P = 0.008; EDNOS r = -0.6, P = 0.005). In the total patient population, those patients with amenorrhoea, had lower BMD and BMI values and lower estrogen levels compared to those with a normal menstrual cycle. We conclude that osteopenia commonly attends AN, as well as BN and EDNOS. Nutritional (with the exception of alcohol consumption) and mechanical factors as well as hypercortisolemia did not appear to contribute significantly to bone loss in this study population. Hypogonadism appeared to be the main cause of the bone loss observed in these patients.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Osteopenie is In welbekende komplikasie van anorexia nervosa (AN). Die patogenese van hierdie beenverlies is swak in die huidige literatuur omskryf en nutrisiele faktore, 'n vita mien 0 gebrek, oormatige oefening, hiperkortisolemie en hipogonadisme word onder andere qeimpliseer. Vir die doel van die studie is In totaal van 59 Kaukasier eetsteurnis pasiente patients volledig ondersoek. Die tipe eetsteurnis is deur In enkel gekwalifiseerde psigiater volgens die DSM IV R kriteria geklassifiseer as anorexia nervosa (AN: n =25) of bulimia nervosa (BN: n = 17) of eetsteurnis nie anders gespesifiseer (EDNOS: n = 17). Elke pasient is ook aan In gedetailleerde dieet en algemene risikofaktor vraelys vir osteoporose onderwerp. Die voorkoms en graad (DEXA), die aard (osteokalsien, deoksipiridinolien) asook die tipe (werwelkolom/heup) osteopenie is ondersoek. Die rol van nutrisiele faktore (totale kalorie-inmame, gewig ,Iente LMI, plasma albumien, lipiede) en vitamien 0 gebrek, oefening, hiperkortisolemie (plasma en urinere kortisol) en hipogonadisme (amenoree, plasma E2, LH,FSH) in die patogenese van die beenverlies is ook evalueer. Matige osteopenie (BMD meer as 1 SO onder die van ouderdomskontrole) is in 46% van die totale pasientpopulasie gedokumenteer, met erge osteopenie (Z-Telling < -2) in 15%. Aantasting van beide werwelkolom en heup is aangetoon. In hierdie studiepopulasie kom osteopenie meer algemeen voor in die AN (Lumbaal BMD (g/cm2) = 0.869 ± 0.121) groep (64%) in vergelyking met BN (Lumbaal BMD (g/cm2) = 0.975 ± 0.16) (29%) en (EDNOS) (Lumbaal BMD (g/cm2) = 0.936 ± 0.10) (32%). Vier-en-twintig persent van die totale pasientpopulasie het In geskiedenis van frakture gehad. Frakture het meer algemeen in AN en EDNOS pasiente voorgekom (28% en 29%). Pasiente met 'n lae beenmassa was gekenmerk deur In betekenisvolle laer LMI (p = 0.0001), hoer alkolholverbruik (p = 0.05) en langer duurte van amenoree(p = 0.009). Nutrisiele parameters (s-albumien, protetene, Ca, P04 inname) oefening, asook 25(OH) vitamien 0 vlakke was soortgelyk in AN en BN pasiente. Hierdie parameters het ook nie verskil tussen pasiente met osteopenie en die met In normale BMD nie. Plasma en urinere vry kortisolvlakke was ook soortgelyk in hierdie twee groepe. Betekenisvolle beenverlies (met die uitsondering van twee pasiente met grenslyn osteopenie) het slegs voorgekom in pasiete met 'n huidige of In vorige geskiedenis van amenoree. In die totale pasientpopulasie was die duurte van amenoree (p< 0.009) betekenisvollanger in die pasiente met osteopenie. In Betekenisvolle negatiewe korrelasie tussen BMD (Z-Telling) en die duurte van amenoree in die toale pasient populasie (r = -0.4; P = 0.001) asook in al drie eetsteurnis groepe (AN: r = -0.4; P = 0.03; BN: r = -0.06; P = 0.008; EDNOS: r = - 0.6, P = 0.005) is aangetoon. In die groep as 'n geheel, het die amenoree pasiente In laer LMI, E2vlakke en BMD gehad in vergelyking met die pasiente met normale menses. Opsommend dus, kom osteopenie algemeen in pasiente met AN, asook BN en EDNOS voor. In Betekenisvolle bydrae van nutrisiele (met die uitsondering van alkoholinname) en meganiese faktore asook hiperkortisolemie tot been verlies, kon nie in hierdie tudie populasie gedemonstreer word nie. Hipogonadisme is as die hoofoorsaak van osteopenie in die pasiente qefdentifiseer.
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Esteves, Beatriz Rosmaninho. "Distúrbios alimentares: contributos da genética na anorexia nervosa." Bachelor's thesis, [s.n.], 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/9661.
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Trabalho Complementar apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de licenciada em Ciências da NutriçãoOs distúrbios alimentares têm sido considerados doenças psiquiátrias influenciadas, principalmente, por fatores familiares e socioculturais. Etiopatologicamente multifatoriais, estas doenças afetam, principalmente, adolescentes e adultos jovens do sexo feminino. Nestes doentes, as alterações do comportamento alimentar desencadeiam alterações biológicas, psicológicas e sociais que estão frequentemente associadas a um aumento de morbilidade e de mortalidade. Deste grupo de doenças fazem parte a anorexia nervosa, a bulimia nervosa e o transtorno da compulsão alimentar periódica No Ocidente, estas doenças afetam cerca de 5% da população. A sua heterogeneidade subfenotípica, o número realtivamente reduzido de casos e a diversidade de fatores etiológicos tem dificultado a compreensão das causas moleculares destas doenças. No sentido de compreender a contribuição da genética para a elucidação da sua etiopatologia, o presente trabalho explora os principais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento das doenças do comportamento alimentar, em particular os fatores de risco genético associados à anorexia nervosa. Apesar da diversidade de abordagens metodológicas utilizadas, até à presente, e tanto quanto é do nosso conhecimento, nenhum fator causal foi conclusivamente identificado. Contudo, globalmente, os resultados desses estudos não só suportam o envolvimento de fatores genéticos e epigenéticos no desenvolvimento dos distúrbios alimentares, como revelaram potenciais factores causais muito promissores e que, por isso, deverão continuar a ser investigados no futuro.
Eating disorders have been considered psychiatric diseases influenced mainly by familial and socio-cultural factors. As multifactorial diseases, they mainly affect female adolescents and young adults. In these patients, changes in eating behaviour trigger biological, psychological and social changes that are often associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This group of diseases includes anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder In the West, these diseases affect about 5% of the population. Its sub-phenotypic heterogeneity, the actually reduced number of cases and the diversity of etiological factors have made it difficult to understand the molecular causes of these diseases. In order to understand the contribution of genetics to the elucidation of its etiopathology, the present work explores the main risk factors for the development of diseases of eating behaviour, in particular the genetic risk factors associated with anorexia nervosa. Despite the diversity of methodological approaches used to date, to the best of our knowledge, no causal factors have been conclusively identified. However, globally, the results of these studies not only support the involvement of genetic and epigenetic factors in the development of eating disorders, but have also revealed potential very promising causal factors that should continue to be investigated in the future.
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Lounes, Naima S. "Cognitive remediation therapy in anorexia nervosa : implications for treatment developments and research trials." Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2014. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/12809/.
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Though Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CRT) for anorexia nervosa shows promising evidence, questions remain regarding specific mechanisms of change. This mixed methods study aimed to explore both longitudinal patient data (neuropsychological and self-report measures, before and after CRT) and therapist experiences of delivering CRT and their perceptions regarding what it offers. All patients had received treatment in a specialist inpatient unit. Complete data were available for both individual (n=56) and group (n=43) CRT; clinical audit data were also available. Semi-structured interviews of 11 therapists were analysed using Thematic Analysis. Statistically significant improvements were found in cognitive flexibility task performance for individual CRT (medium effect) and in self-reported cognitive flexibility for group CRT (medium effect). Three main themes were identified from the therapist interviews: “Anorexia and its treatment”, “CRT - its characteristics and delivery” and “CRT and its effectiveness”. The quantitative findings replicated some previous results and the therapist interviews provided insights regarding not only CRT’s delivery but adaptations made according to individual need and complexity. Both individual and group CRT appear to be feasible interventions for future trials but questions remain around CRT’s specific effects. Recommendations are made for future research studies on this complex intervention.
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Emery, Joanne Louise. "The perception and misperception of body image in eating disorder patients." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247851.
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Leung, Newman Kwok-Cheung. "Family interaction and cognitive content in the aetiology and treatment of eating disorders." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368995.
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A review of the literature reveals two significant gaps in existing psychological research into eating disorders. First, despite a clear association between dysfunctional family environment and eating psychopathology, little is known about factors that might mediate between the two. Second, cognitive-behavioural treatment is unexpectedly ineffective in anorexia nervosa or in some cases of bulimia nervosa. To fill these gaps, the present research investigated the role of core beliefs in the aetiology and treatment of eating disorders. Given their early origin, core beliefs may plausibly mediate between family environment and eating disorders. In addition, unhealthy core beliefs might explain the resistance to cognitive-behavioural treatment in some instances. The thesis first considers the relationship between unhealthy core beliefs and eating psychopathology in anorexic and bulimic women. This is followed by an examination of core beliefs as an outcome predictor in cognitive-behavioural treatment for eating disorders. Finally, the role of core beliefs as a mediator between dysfunctional family environment and eating disorders is investigated. The results demonstrate high levels of unhealthy core beliefs in both anorexic and bulimic women. These core beliefs also predict the level of symptom reduction following cognitive-behavioural treatment, but only in the bulimic women. While core beliefs play a perfect mediating role in the family interaction-eating disorders link in bulimia nervosa, this relationship is less clear-cut in anorexia nervosa.
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Kerr-Boyle, N. "Orders of eating and eating disorders : food, bodies and anorexia nervosa in the German Democratic Republic, 1949-1990." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1380413/.
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This thesis is an historical study of anorexia nervosa in the German Democratic Republic. Its central premise is that any understanding of the existence of anorexia nervosa must be predicated upon an investigation of the material conditions, cultural discourses and social practices surrounding eating and the body, and the ways in which these conditions, discourses and practices constructed (gendered) subjectivities and behaviours. The thesis draws on archival material, questionnaires and oral history interviews addressing the topics of food, health and bodies, as well as personal experiences of self-starvation. The thesis tests and contests current socio-cultural approaches to anorexia nervosa which locate it within a specifically capitalist context of abundance, linking it not only to the economic imperatives of capitalist industries but also to societal gender structures. The GDR presents a very different socio-cultural context. Not only did it have a “shortage economy” with an absence of capitalist industries, but the economic position of women was different from that of their western counterparts, with over 90% of them in paid employment by the end of the 1980s. This study also provides new ways of understanding the GDR by teasing out the complex interactions between Nazi and pre-Nazi cultural legacies, new socialist ideas and values, and western cultural influences in the production of East German discourses and practices relating to eating and the body. By exploring the production of these discourses and practices, and the interactions between government propaganda, popular culture and the medical and scientific professions, the thesis provides an analysis of the inter-connectedness of body, self and society in the GDR, 1949-1990.
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Knowles, Christina. "Factors Associated with Eating Disorders in Women." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1177.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Nursing
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Kleinbichler, Jaimee Katja. "The type and frequency of metacognitions in women dieting, not dieting, and with anorexia nervosa." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Psychology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7904.
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Metacognitions play a crucial role in the development and maintenance of psychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Its function in anorexia nervosa (AN), however, has been neglected. Examining the role of metacognitions in AN may prove useful for developing the AN conceptualization currently lacking. Additionally, it may provide a desperately needed new route for AN treatment, as no efficacious treatment for adult AN is available to date. This study aimed to build on preliminary findings suggesting that individuals with AN are characterized by the cognitive attentional syndrome (CAS), the vital component in the Self-regulatory Executive Function (S-REF) model underlying metacognitive processes. Hence, quantitative and qualitative measures of individuals with AN, dieting, and non-dieting adult women were examined to ascertain whether these groups embodied differences in their metacognitive frequency and nature. ANOVA, bivariate correlation, and ANCOVA were used for data analysis. Findings showed that the AN sample experienced higher overall metacognitions; particularly negative metacognitions and metacognitions around control. When anxiety and depression were controlled for, however, the association became non-significant. Nonetheless, anxious and depressive symptoms are greatly intertwined with eating symptoms and increased metacognitions in the AN sample are still highly plausible. Metacognitive themes endorsed by the AN sample were around sociability and control. Thought control strategies were found to be the same in all groups; however, the AN sample endorsed a higher utilization of punishment and a lower utilization of distraction. Several limitations including small AN sample size and no psychiatric control group should be taken into account. Overall, however, findings suggested that, because the AN sample was characteristic of the CAS and the S-REF model, dysfunctional metacognitions may be worth targeting in AN treatment.
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Sosin, Lisa. "The cell keys are turning spiritual integration in the treatment of christian women with Anorexia Nervosa /." Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2008. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
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