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Journal articles on the topic 'Ebbinghaus Illusion'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Kreutzer, Sylvia, Ralph Weidner, and Gereon R. Fink. "Rescaling Retinal Size into Perceived Size: Evidence for an Occipital and Parietal Bottleneck." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 27, no. 7 (July 2015): 1334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00784.

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The spatial and temporal context of an object influence its perceived size. Two visual illusions illustrate this nicely: the size adaptation effect and the Ebbinghaus illusion. Whereas size adaptation affects size rescaling of a target circle via a previously presented, differently sized adaptor circle, the Ebbinghaus illusion alters perceived size by virtue of surrounding circles. In the classical Ebbinghaus setting, the surrounding circles are shown simultaneously with the target. However, size underestimation persists when the surrounding circles precede the target. Such a temporal separation of inducer and target circles in both illusions permits the comparison of BOLD signals elicited by two displays that, although objectively identical, elicit different percepts. The current study combined both illusions in a factorial design to identify a presumed common central mechanism involved in rescaling retinal into perceived size. At the behavioral level, combining both illusions did not affect perceived size further. At the neural level, however, this combination induced functional activation beyond that induced by either illusion separately: An underadditive activation pattern was found within left lingual gyrus, right supramarginal gyrus, and right superior parietal cortex. These findings provide direct behavioral and functional evidence for the presence of a neural bottleneck in rescaling retinal into perceived size, a process vital for visual perception.

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2

Becker, Nicolette, Sasha Prasad-Shreckengast, and Sarah-Elizabeth Byosiere. "Methodological Challenges in the Assessment of Dogs' (Canis lupus familiaris) Susceptibility of the Ebbinghaus-Titchener Illusion Using the Spontaneous Choice Task." Animal Behavior and Cognition 8, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26451/abc.08.02.04.2021.

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Visual illusions represent an innovative method to investigate animal visual perception. One well known geometric illusion is the Ebbinghaus-Titchener illusion, which consists of two identically sized target circles with one surrounded by large inducer circles and the other surrounded by small inducer circles. Humans are susceptible to this illusion, underestimating the size of the target circle surrounded by larger inducers and overestimating the size of the target circle surrounded by smaller inducers. In the present study, we investigated whether pet dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) perceive the Ebbinghaus-Titchener illusion in a spontaneous choice task by adapting and replicating the methodology of Miletto Petrazzini et al. (2017). Twenty-five pet dogs were presented with two stimuli in which a food reward was embedded. Each subject participated in 18 total trials, 12 size discrimination control trials (where one food reward was larger than the other) and six illusion trials (where identically sized food rewards were presented). Dogs, as a group, failed to demonstrate a significant preference for the larger food reward in control trials, and demonstrated null susceptibility, performing at chance, in the illusion trials. The chance performance on controls prevents further interpretation regarding canine illusion susceptibility; however, it invokes a discussion regarding the methodological challenges associated with conducting spontaneous-choice tasks. In an attempt to provide guidance for future research, we provide a review of canine illusion susceptibility to the Ebbinghaus-Titchener illusion and detailed recommendations to help mitigate extraneous factors to help further research of animal illusion susceptibility.

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3

Káldy, Zsuzsa, and Ilona Kovács. "Visual Context Integration is Not Fully Developed in 4-Year-Old Children." Perception 32, no. 6 (June 2003): 657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p3473.

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Long-range horizontal interactions supporting contour integration were found to be weaker in children than in adults (Kovács et al, 1999 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA96 12204–12209). In the present study, integration on a larger scale, between a target and its context was investigated. Contextual modulation of the percept of a local target can be directly measured in the case of geometric illusions. We compared the magnitude of a size contrast illusion (Ebbinghaus illusion or Titchener circles) in children and adults. 4-year-old children and adults performed 2AFC size comparisons between two target disks in the classical Ebbinghaus illusion display and in two other modified versions. We found that the magnitude of the illusion effect was significantly smaller in children than in adults. Our interpretation is that context integration is not fully developed in 4-year-old children. Closer-to-veridical-size estimations by children demonstrate that the perception of the local target is less affected by stimulus context in their case. We suggest that immature cortical connectivity is behind the reduced contextual sensitivity in children.

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4

McCarthy, J. Daniel, Colin Kupitz, and Gideon P. Caplovitz. "The Binding Ring Illusion: assimilation affects the perceived size of a circular array." F1000Research 2 (April 25, 2013): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-58.v2.

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Our perception of an object’s size arises from the integration of multiple sources of visual information including retinal size, perceived distance and its size relative to other objects in the visual field. This constructive process is revealed through a number of classic size illusions such as the Delboeuf Illusion, the Ebbinghaus Illusion and others illustrating size constancy. Here we present a novel variant of the Delbouef and Ebbinghaus size illusions that we have named the Binding Ring Illusion. The illusion is such that the perceived size of a circular array of elements is underestimated when superimposed by a circular contour – a binding ring – and overestimated when the binding ring slightly exceeds the overall size of the array. Here we characterize the stimulus conditions that lead to the illusion, and the perceptual principles that underlie it. Our findings indicate that the perceived size of an array is susceptible to the assimilation of an explicitly defined superimposed contour. Our results also indicate that the assimilation process takes place at a relatively high level in the visual processing stream, after different spatial frequencies have been integrated and global shape has been constructed. We hypothesize that the Binding Ring Illusion arises due to the fact that the size of an array of elements is not explicitly defined and therefore can be influenced (through a process of assimilation) by the presence of a superimposed object that does have an explicit size.

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5

Deni, James R., and Willard L. Brigner. "Ebbinghaus Illusion: Effect of Figural Similarity upon Magnitude of Illusion When Context Elements are Equal in Perceived Size." Perceptual and Motor Skills 84, no. 3_suppl (June 1997): 1171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.84.3c.1171.

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The magnitude of the Ebbinghaus illusion has been reported to be greater when test element and context elements are figurally similar as opposed to figurally dissimilar. In the current investigation with 16 observers, illusion magnitude was greater for a figurally similar configuration even though the context elements of the figurally similar configuration were perceived as smaller than the context elements of a figurally dissimilar configuration. Hence, figural similarity appears to have a prepotent effect in the Ebbinghaus illusion.

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6

Takao, Saki, and Katsumi Watanabe. "Ebbinghaus illusion changes numerosity perception." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 83 (September 11, 2019): 3C—047–3C—047. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.83.0_3c-047.

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7

Todorovic, Dejan, and Ljubica Jovanovic. "Is the Ebbinghaus illusion a size contrast illusion." Journal of Vision 15, no. 12 (September 1, 2015): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.12.330.

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8

Todorović, Dejan, and Ljubica Jovanović. "Is the Ebbinghaus illusion a size contrast illusion?" Acta Psychologica 185 (April 2018): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2018.02.011.

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9

Howard, Scarlett R., Aurore Avarguès-Weber, Jair E. Garcia, Devi Stuart-Fox, and Adrian G. Dyer. "Perception of contextual size illusions by honeybees in restricted and unrestricted viewing conditions." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1867 (November 22, 2017): 20172278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2278.

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How different visual systems process images and make perceptual errors can inform us about cognitive and visual processes. One of the strongest geometric errors in perception is a misperception of size depending on the size of surrounding objects, known as the Ebbinghaus or Titchener illusion. The ability to perceive the Ebbinghaus illusion appears to vary dramatically among vertebrate species, and even populations, but this may depend on whether the viewing distance is restricted. We tested whether honeybees perceive contextual size illusions, and whether errors in perception of size differed under restricted and unrestricted viewing conditions. When the viewing distance was unrestricted, there was an effect of context on size perception and thus, similar to humans, honeybees perceived contrast size illusions. However, when the viewing distance was restricted, bees were able to judge absolute size accurately and did not succumb to visual illusions, despite differing contextual information. Our results show that accurate size perception depends on viewing conditions, and thus may explain the wide variation in previously reported findings across species. These results provide insight into the evolution of visual mechanisms across vertebrate and invertebrate taxa, and suggest convergent evolution of a visual processing solution.

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10

Takao, Saki, and Katsumi Watanabe. "The Ebbinghaus illusion changes numerosity perception." Journal of Vision 18, no. 10 (September 1, 2018): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/18.10.1172.

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11

Sherman, Joshua A., and Philippe A. Chouinard. "Attractive Contours of the Ebbinghaus Illusion." Perceptual and Motor Skills 122, no. 1 (February 2016): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031512515626632.

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12

Roberts, James W., Nicholas Gerber, Caroline J. Wakefield, and Philip J. Simmonds. "Dissociating the Influence of Perceptual Biases and Contextual Artifacts Within Target Configurations During the Planning and Control of Visually Guided Action." Motor Control 25, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 349–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/mc.2020-0054.

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The failure of perceptual illusions to elicit corresponding biases within movement supports the view of two visual pathways separately contributing to perception and action. However, several alternative findings may contest this overarching framework. The present study aimed to examine the influence of perceptual illusions within the planning and control of aiming. To achieve this, we manipulated and measured the planning/control phases by respectively perturbing the target illusion (relative size-contrast illusion; Ebbinghaus/Titchener circles) following movement onset and detecting the spatiotemporal characteristics of the movement trajectory. The perceptual bias that was indicated by the perceived target size estimates failed to correspondingly manifest within the effective target size. While movement time (specifically, time after peak velocity) was affected by the target configuration, this outcome was not consistent with the direction of the perceptual illusions. These findings advocate an influence of the surrounding contextual information (e.g., annuli) on movement control that is independent of the direction predicted by the illusion.

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13

Lavrenteva, Sofia, and Ikuya Murakami. "Perceiving and grasping the equiluminant Ebbinghaus illusion." Journal of Vision 19, no. 10 (September 6, 2019): 110a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/19.10.110a.

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14

Urale, Poutasi, and D. Samuel Schwarzkopf. "The Ebbinghaus Illusion depends on Cortical Distance." Journal of Vision 20, no. 11 (October 20, 2020): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.20.11.225.

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15

Lages, M., D. Smith, and M. Puntiroli. "Does the Ebbinghaus Illusion Affect Optimal Pointing?" i-Perception 3, no. 6 (July 2012): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/ie387.

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16

Bressan, Paola, and Peter Kramer. "Most Findings Obtained With Untimed Visual Illusions Are Confounded." Psychological Science 32, no. 8 (July 9, 2021): 1238–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797621994268.

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Visual illusions have been studied extensively, but their time course has not. Here we show, in a sample of more than 550 people, that unrestricted presentation times—as opposed to presentations lasting only a single second—weaken the Ebbinghaus illusion, strengthen lightness contrast with double increments, and do not alter lightness contrast with double decrements. When presentation time is unrestricted, these illusions are affected in the same way (decrease, increase, no change) by how long observers look at them. Our results imply that differences in illusion magnitude between individuals or groups are confounded with differences in inspection time, no matter whether stimuli are evaluated in matching, adjustment, or untimed comparison tasks. We offer an explanation for why these three illusions progress differently, and we spell out how our findings challenge theories of lightness, theories of global-local processing, and the interpretation of all research that has investigated visual illusions, or used them as tools, without considering inspection time.

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17

Giusberti, Fiorella, Cesare Cornoldi, Rossana De Beni, and Manfredo Massironi. "Perceptual Illusions in Imagery." European Psychologist 3, no. 4 (December 1998): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040.3.4.281.

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A mental image is in many ways analogous to a percept but it is not completely identical to it. In some respects, visual perception and visual imagery work in different ways. One area which is worth examining with regard to similarities and asymmetries between perception and imagery is the initial phases of visual information processing. The literature includes some references to the equivalence of imagery and perception in optical illusions, but data are contradictory. In our view, a mental image should not be particularly sensitive to variables which are critical in producing an optical illusion, i.e., variables affecting the early phases of information processing and field global effects. Our hypothesis is that an optical illusion will be present in a perception condition but not in an equivalent imagery condition. To test this, we carried out two experiments using the Ebbinghaus illusion and the Ponzo illusion. The results confirmed our hypothesis, demonstrating that there are indeed asymmetries between perception and imagery and that such differences mainly concern specific perceptual processes that differ from those involved in the generation of a mental image.

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18

Choplin, Jesse M., and Douglas L. Medin. "Similarity of the perimeters in the Ebbinghaus illusion." Perception & Psychophysics 61, no. 1 (January 1999): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03211944.

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19

Handlovsky, Ingrid, Steve Hansen, Timothy D. Lee, and Digby Elliott. "The Ebbinghaus illusion affects on-line movement control." Neuroscience Letters 366, no. 3 (August 2004): 308–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2004.05.056.

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20

Plodowski, Anna, and Stephen R. Jackson. "Vision: Getting to grips with the Ebbinghaus illusion." Current Biology 11, no. 8 (April 2001): R304—R306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(01)00170-1.

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21

Hughes, M., and D. Fernandez-Duque. "Knowledge influences perception: Evidence from the Ebbinghaus illusion." Journal of Vision 10, no. 7 (August 12, 2010): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/10.7.954.

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22

Sovrano, Valeria Anna, Liliana Albertazzi, and Orsola Rosa Salva. "The Ebbinghaus illusion in a fish (Xenotoca eiseni)." Animal Cognition 18, no. 2 (November 21, 2014): 533–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10071-014-0821-5.

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23

Gilster, R., J. P. Kuhtz-Buschbeck, C. D. Wiesner, and R. Ferstl. "Grasp effects of the Ebbinghaus illusion are ambiguous." Experimental Brain Research 171, no. 3 (April 25, 2006): 416–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-006-0463-1.

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24

Zanuttini, Lucia. "Figural and Semantic Factors in Change in the Ebbinghaus Illusion across Four Age Groups of Children." Perceptual and Motor Skills 82, no. 1 (February 1996): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.1.15.

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Changes in the Ebbinghaus illusion across age groups have been studied with 80 children ( ns = 20) from 4 to 8 yr. old. The distortion, whose magnitude increases across age groups, depends on active cognitive comparative processes. In fact, if some cues make the geometrically identical inducing elements semantically different from the central one, the illusion decreases as older children develop conceptual categories. Across ages 4 to 8 years not only the magnitude of the illusion changes but also the interfering role of the taxonomic organization.

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25

Jaeger, Ted, and Katherine Grasso. "Contour Lightness and Separation Effects in the Ebbinghaus Illusion." Perceptual and Motor Skills 76, no. 1 (February 1993): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1993.76.1.255.

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For 48 observers, the central circle of Ebbinghaus figures appeared smaller as the separation between it and the contextual circles increased. Lightness of the contours only affected the illusion when the contextual circles were large and located close to the central circle. An explanation incorporating size contrast and attraction between contours was offered.

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26

Moinier, Kévin, Juliette Gasquet, and Vincent Murday. "When Physical and Social Distances Produce An Analogical Perceptual Bias in the Ebbinghaus Illusion." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 4, no. 2 (July 24, 2018): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v4i2.p52-58.

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Grounded theory argues that perceptual and memory processes share common sensorimotor properties, and that they influence each other during perceptual processing of the environment’s features. When these principles are applied to social cognition, it was shown that to live, or represent, a situation related to a social distance concept (e.g., ostracism) leads to a similar bias on the perceptual judgements of the space’s properties, illustrating that distance-physical cues are intrinsically linked to social concepts. In two experiments using an Ebbinghaus illusion based-paradigm, we investigated the symmetrical incidence produced by a perceptual physical (Experiment 1) and conceptual social distance (Experiment 2) on the perceptual judgements of size. The present findings have shown an analogical pattern of results, regardless of whether the perceived distance between the central and inducer disks was physically or conceptually manipulated. Experiment 1 indicated that when the physical distance between these latter disks was important, the size-contrast perceptual bias was weaker. Experiment 2 has shown a similar weakness of the Ebbinghaus illusion when the social distance was present between the central and inducer disks. A plausible explanation for both sets of findings is that insofar as social distance concepts are physically based, it appears that a perceptual dimension of physical distance can be reactivated by the presence of a conceptual social distance between stimuli. As a consequence, it is not surprizing that a analogical size-contrast perceptual bias emerges when a perceptual physical distance and conceptual social distance are inserted in Ebbinghaus illusion figures.

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27

Franz, V. H., H. H. Bulthoff, and M. Fahle. "Are motor effects of the Titchener / Ebbinghaus illusion artifacts?" Journal of Vision 2, no. 7 (March 15, 2010): 724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/2.7.724.

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28

Grave, D. D. J., M. Biegstraaten, E. Brenner, and J. B. J. Smeets. "The Ebbinghaus figure is more than a size illusion." Journal of Vision 4, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/4.8.836.

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29

Pavlova, Marina, and Alexander Sokolov. "Speed Perception is Affected by the Ebbinghaus–Titchener Illusion." Perception 29, no. 10 (October 2000): 1203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p3047.

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30

EHRENSTEIN, WALTER H., and JIRO HAMADA. "Structural factors of size contrast in the Ebbinghaus illusion." Japanese Psychological Research 37, no. 3 (1995): 158–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/psycholres1954.37.158.

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31

Jaeger, Ted, and Kyle Klahs. "The Ebbinghaus Illusion: New Contextual Effects and Theoretical Considerations." Perceptual and Motor Skills 120, no. 1 (February 2015): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/24.27.pms.120v13x4.

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32

Doherty, Martin J., Nicola M. Campbell, Hiromi Tsuji, and William A. Phillips. "The Ebbinghaus illusion deceives adults but not young children." Developmental Science 13, no. 5 (August 16, 2010): 714–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2009.00931.x.

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33

de Fockert, Jan W., and Si Wu. "High working memory load leads to more Ebbinghaus illusion." European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 21, no. 7 (November 2009): 961–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09541440802689302.

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34

Rey, Amandine Eve, Benoit Riou, and Rémy Versace. "Demonstration of an Ebbinghaus Illusion at a Memory Level." Experimental Psychology 61, no. 5 (May 15, 2014): 378–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000258.

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Based on recent behavioral and neuroimaging data suggesting that memory and perception are partially based on the same sensorimotor system, the theoretical aim of the present study was to show that it is difficult to dissociate memory mechanisms from perceptual mechanisms other than on the basis of the presence (perceptual processing) or absence (memory processing) of the characteristics of the objects involved in the processing. In line with this assumption, two experiments using an adaptation of the Ebbinghaus illusion paradigm revealed similar effects irrespective of whether the size difference between the inner circles and the surrounding circles was manipulated perceptually (the size difference was perceptually present, Experiment 1) or merely reactivated in memory (the difference was perceptually absent, Experiment 2).

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35

Ishii, Keiko, and Shinobu Kitayama. "Outgroup homogeneity effect in perception: An exploration with Ebbinghaus illusion." Asian Journal of Social Psychology 14, no. 2 (December 3, 2010): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-839x.2010.01339.x.

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36

Haffenden, Angela M., Karen C. Schiff, and Melvyn A. Goodale. "The dissociation between perception and action in the Ebbinghaus illusion." Current Biology 11, no. 3 (February 2001): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(01)00023-9.

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37

Lavrenteva, Sofia, and Ikuya Murakami. "The Ebbinghaus illusion in contrast-defined and orientation-defined stimuli." Vision Research 148 (July 2018): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2018.04.006.

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38

Nakamura, Noriyuki, Sota Watanabe, and Kazuo Fujita. "Pigeons perceive the Ebbinghaus-Titchener circles as an assimilation illusion." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes 34, no. 3 (2008): 375–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0097-7403.34.3.375.

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39

Bressan, Paola, and David Rose. "Going round in circles: shape effects in the Ebbinghaus illusion." Spatial Vision 15, no. 2 (2002): 191–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685680252875165.

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Koene, A., Y. C. Huang, and C. C. Chen. "Percept dependent acitivity in the occipitotemporal cortex for Ebbinghaus illusion." Journal of Vision 8, no. 6 (April 8, 2010): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/8.6.954.

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Rashal, Einat, Aline F. Cretenoud, and Michael H. Herzog. "Perceptual grouping leads to objecthood effects in the Ebbinghaus illusion." Journal of Vision 20, no. 8 (August 7, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.20.8.11.

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42

Nakamura, Noriyuki, Sota Watanabe, and Kazuo Fujita. "A reversed Ebbinghaus–Titchener illusion in bantams (Gallus gallus domesticus)." Animal Cognition 17, no. 2 (August 31, 2013): 471–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10071-013-0679-y.

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Duemmler, Thomas, Volker H. Franz, Bianca Jovanovic, and Gudrun Schwarzer. "Effects of the Ebbinghaus illusion on children’s perception and grasping." Experimental Brain Research 186, no. 2 (December 5, 2007): 249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00221-007-1229-0.

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44

van Ulzen, Niek R., Gün R. Semin, Raôul R. D. Oudejans, and Peter J. Beek. "Affective stimulus properties influence size perception and the Ebbinghaus illusion." Psychological Research 72, no. 3 (April 5, 2007): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00426-007-0114-6.

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45

Takao, Saki, Katsumi Watanabe, and Patrick Cavanagh. "Dynamic presentation boosts the Ebbinghaus illusion but reduces the Müller-Lyer and orientation contrast illusions." Journal of Vision 21, no. 6 (June 10, 2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.21.6.4.

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46

Ellenbürger, Thomas, Melanie Krüger, Charles H. Shea, and Stefan Panzer. "Sind motorische Handlungen auf eine präzise Wahrnehmung angewiesen?" Zeitschrift für Sportpsychologie 19, no. 4 (October 2012): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026/1612-5010/a000079.

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Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, den Einfluss spezifischer visueller Wahrnehmungseffekte auf die Handlungskontrolle von closed-loop-kontrollierten Zielbewegungen zu untersuchen. Mittels einer simultanen Größen-Kontrast-Illusion (Ebbinghaus-Titchener-Illusion) wurden die Wahrnehmungseffekte manipuliert. Die Handlung und die inhärenten informationellen motorischen Prozesse wurden über das Fitts’sche Gesetz mittels verschiedener Schwierigkeitsindizes (IDs 3, 4.5) systematisch variiert. Die Aufgabe der Versuchspersonen war es, eine reziproke, zyklische, zielmotorische Präzisionsaufgabe über 30 s hinweg mittels einer Flexions- und Extensionsbewegung, zwischen zwei illusionserzeugenden Stimuli und unter zwei unterschiedlichen Schwierigkeitsindizes so genau und so schnell wie möglich auszuführen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es sowohl durch die visuelle Illusion, als auch durch die Erhöhung der ID zu einer Minderung in der motorischen Ausführungsleistung kam. Der Befund verweist darauf, dass visuelle Illusionseffekte die Handlungskontrolle bei closed-loop-kontrollierten Zielbewegungen beeinträchtigen.

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47

Vishton, Peter M., Nicolette J. Stephens, Lauren A. Nelson, Sarah E. Morra, Kaitlin L. Brunick, and Jennifer A. Stevens. "Planning to Reach for an Object Changes How the Reacher Perceives It." Psychological Science 18, no. 8 (August 2007): 713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01965.x.

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Three experiments assessed the influence of the Ebbinghaus illusion on size judgments that preceded verbal, grasp, or touch responses. Prior studies have found reduced effects of the illusion for the grip-scaling component of grasping, and these findings are commonly interpreted as evidence that different visual systems are employed for perceptual judgment and visually guided action. In the current experiments, the magnitude of the illusion was reduced by comparable amounts for grasping and for judgments that preceded grasping (Experiment 1). A similar effect was obtained prior to reaching to touch the targets (Experiment 2). The effect on verbal responses was apparent even when participants were simply instructed that a target touch task would follow the verbal task. After participants had completed a grasping task, the reduction in the magnitude of the illusion remained for a subsequent verbal-response judgment task (Experiment 3). Overall, the studies demonstrate strong connections between action planning and perception.

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Haffenden, Angela M., and Melvyn A. Goodale. "The Effect of Pictorial Illusion on Prehension and Perception." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 10, no. 1 (January 1998): 122–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892998563824.

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Abstract:

The present study examined the effect of a size-contrast illusion (Ebbinghaus or Titchener Circles Illusion) on visual perception and the visual control of grasping movements. Seventeen right-handed participants picked up and, on other trials, estimated the size of fipoker-chipfl disks, which functioned as the target circles in a three-dimensional version of the illusion. In the estimation condition, subjects indicated how big they thought the target was by separating their thumb and forefinger to match the target's size. After initial viewing, no visual feedback from the hand or the target was available. Scaling of grip aperture was found to be strongly correlated with the physical size of the disks, while manual estimations of disk size were biased in the direction of the illusion. Evidently, grip aperture is calibrated to the true size of an object, even when perception of object size is distorted by a pictorial illusion, a result that is consistent with recent suggestions that visually guided prehension and visual perception are mediated by separate visual pathways.

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Jaeger, Ted, and Nicholas Guenzel. "Similarity and Lightness Effects in Ebbinghaus Illusion Created by Keyboard Characters." Perceptual and Motor Skills 92, no. 1 (February 2001): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.2001.92.1.151.

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Abstract:

36 observers judged the size of a central S in variants of the Ebbinghaus figure having contextual Ss, Ss, or Hs. When the figures were composed of similarly shaped elements, underestimation of the central S was obtained. Manipulations of lightness indicated that these underestimations were strongest for figures with gray contextual characters and a black central S and weakest for figures with black contextual characters and a gray central S. All black or all gray figures produced intermediate illusions. The data are consistent with Choplin and Medin's 1999 claim that figural properties rather than semantic similarity influences size contrast and further show that the visual processes underlying size contrast include interactions of contours.

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Manning, Catherine, Michael Morgan, Craig Allen, and Elizabeth Pellicano. "Do children with autism show reduced susceptibility to the Ebbinghaus illusion?" Journal of Vision 15, no. 12 (September 1, 2015): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.12.646.

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