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Journal articles on the topic 'Ebionism'
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1
Goulder, Michael D. "Ignatius' "Docetists"." Vigiliae Christianae 53, no. 1 (1999): 16–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157007299x00127.
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AbstractOf the problems raised by Ignatius' letters, the most intransigent have been three.1 Were all the Asian churches to whom he wrote under pressure to "Judaize", or only Magnesia and Philadelphia? Were all these churches threatened by a "docetic" teaching, or only some, perhaps different from those with Judaizers?2 What precisely did the "docetism" consist of? I offer some reflections on the first two of these questions, and a new form (so far as I know) of a solution to the third: "docetism" is a modern misunderstanding for a form of Ebionism.3
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Putra, Adi. "BUKTI-BUKTI KEILAHIAN DAN KEMANUSIAAN YESUS DALAM PERJANJIAN BARU." SAINT PAUL'S REVIEW 2, no. 1 (June 29, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.56194/spr.v2i1.15.
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This research examines the evidences of the divinity and humanity of Jesus in the New Testament. These two natures of Jesus have often been debated among Christians throughout the history of the church. Evidenced by the emergence of four popular views such as: ebionism, Arianism, docetism, apolinarism. By using qualitative research, the researcher examines, analyzes and elaborates literature, articles and studies from experts to find interpretations of the New Testament texts in order to produce valid and reliable views and be held as truth. The conclusion of this study is that the New Testament evidence shows that Jesus was true God and true man.
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Veri, Esap, Gunar Sahari, and Yunus Selan. "Bukti Keilahian Yesus Kristus Berdasarkan Filipi 2:6 Sebuah Jawaban Teologis Terhadap Kristologi Ebionisme, Arianisme Dan Saksi Yehuwa." JURNAL LUXNOS 7, no. 2 (December 16, 2021): 264–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.47304/jl.v7i2.159.
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Abstract: This article discusses the divinity of Jesus Christ based on Philippians 2:6 as a theological answer to the christology of Ebionism, Arianism, and Jehovah's Witnesses. The main focus in this study is to examine theologically the meaning of “the image of God” in Philippians 2:6. This paper shows the result that Philippians 2:6 is explaining the divine qualifications of Jesus Christ which means Jesus Christ before the incarnation, He has existed in eternity with the Father. So it can be said that Jesus Christ is not a creation of God or an ordinary man because Jesus Christ is the same morphe as God the Father. This paper certainly uses a qualitative method, namely a method that describes a phenomenon under study. then to describe the phenomenon under study, of course, requires literature (library review). The purpose of this paper is for the lay congregation to fully and correctly understand the teachings of the Person of Jesus Christ (Christology) in order to ward off false teachings. Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas keilahian Yesus Kristus berdasarkan Filipi 2:6 sebagai jawaban teologis terhadap kristologi Ebionisme, Arianisme, dan Saksi Yehuwa. Fokus utama dalam kajian ini yaitu mengkaji secara teologis makna “rupa Allah” dalam Filipi 2:6. Tulisan ini memperlihatkan hasil bahwa Filipi 2:6 sedang menjelaskan kualifikasi ilahi Yesus Kristus yang artinya Yesus Kristus sebelum berinkarnasi, Ia telah ada dalam kekekalan bersama dengan Bapa. Jadi dapat dikatakan bahwa Yesus Kristus bukan ciptaan Allah atau manusia biasa karena Yesus Kristus morfe yang sama dengan Allah Bapa. Tulisan ini tentu menggunakan metode kualitatif yaitu metode yang mendeskripsikan sebuah fenomena yang dikaji. maka untuk mendeskripsikan fenomena yang diteliti tentunya membutuhkan literatur-literatur (kajian pustaka). Tujuan dari tulisan ini agar jemaat khusus awam bisa memahami secara utuh dan benar mengenai ajaran tentang Pribadi Yesus Kristus (Kristologi) guna menangkal ajaran yang sesat.
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Saeteros, Tamara. "Defensa de la divinidad y humanidad de Cristo en La Pasión de Cristo de Gregorio Nacianceno." Teología y Vida 64, no. 3 (November 16, 2023): 321–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/tyv/643.e2.
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El presente artículo busca responder la pregunta: ¿Cuál es la cristología que defiende Gregorio Nacianceno en La Pasión de Cristo? A través del análisis e interpretación de los textos se descubre en qué sentido se defiende la verdadera divinidad y humanidad de Cristo, así como las cristologías divergentes que circulaban en la época. Los personajes del drama son la ocasión para manifestar las opiniones sobre Cristo: adopcionismo, monarquismo patripasiano, apolinarismo, arrianismo, docetismo y ebionismo. A partir de este análisis quedan manifiestas las líneas principales de la cristología de Gregorio Nacianceno, así como la creatividad de su obra escrita con la técnica del centón.
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Van Aarde, A. G. "The infancy Gospel of Thomas: Allegory or myth – Gnostic or Ebionite?" Verbum et Ecclesia 26, no. 3 (October 3, 2005): 826–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v26i3.253.
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The aim of this article is to show that scholars assess the Infancy Gospel of Thomas disparagingly as “illogical”, “un-Christian” and “banal”. A more positive judgment is that it is either “Gnostic” or “purified of Gnosticism”, or merely one of many ancient tales in the form of a historical allegory about Jesus as a child. The article argues that the author of the Greek version of the Infancy Gospel of Thomas in Codex Sinaiticus (Gr 453) describes the miracles of Jesus in a positive and negative light as if he were an adult. This phenomenon should be understood against the background that this second-century gospel is presented not so much in the genre of a Gnostic redeemer myth, but rather as a god-child myth that has neither an Orthodox nor a Gnostic orientation. Its context is rather early Ebionite Christianity.
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Molnar, Paul D. "Some Dogmatic Implications of Barth’s Understanding of Ebionite and Docetic Christology." International Journal of Systematic Theology 2, no. 2 (July 2000): 151–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1463-1652.00033.
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Chandana Kumari, P. ILA, S. Swarajya Laxmi, B. Rekha, B. Pravallika, G. Chaitanya, Syed Umar, and Azeem Mohammed Abdul. "VMM based Secured Virtualization in Cloud-Computing." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 4, no. 3 (December 18, 2016): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v4.i3.pp643-648.
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Cloud computing, utility computing, the future will be the main IT field. The government and companies are realizing that foreigners can clearly increase the cloud with minimal costs and maximum flexibility in the plant or existing equipment. But the clouds to ensure user privacy and digital asset management challenge in cloud client. Protection must always contain a performance. The complex is a sure way to end the occupation of the problem, the study suggests two Ebionitism security architecture. The movement and different approaches to health and safety and the level of the best things for their security costs hyper-visor layer to a reduction in order to avoid false alarms
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Łukaszczyk, Michał. "Walka Hieronima z herezjami chrystologicznymi w świetle nauczania o Chrystusie zawartym w jego Listach." Vox Patrum 90 (June 15, 2024): 145–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.16714.
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Artykuł opisuje herezje chrystologiczne występujące w Listach św. Hieronima. Są to arianizm, apolinaryzm, herezje, które głoszą ebionici i nazaretanie, herezje wyznające doketyzm oraz pelagianizm. Autor Wulgaty w opisywanych herezjach wykazuje nie tylko na błędy doktrynalne, ale również broni w swoich pismach ortodoksji wiary chrześcijańskiej. Artykuł wskazuje ponadto na istotne zagadnienia w chrystologii, na które zwrócił uwagę Mnich z Betlejem. Chodzi głównie o pomieszanie pojęć w grece i łacinie dotyczących terminów οὐσία i ὐπόστασις (spiritus asper), próba przywrócenia im właściwego znaczenia, formowanie właściwego znaczenia i rozumienia pojęcia persona, wskazywanie na niebezpieczeństwa pelagianizmu oraz powiązanie go z wcześniejszymi herezjami w celu zwrócenia uwagi na jego zgubne działanie.
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Stevenson, Austin. "“Concerning That Day and Hour”: In Defense of Patristic Exegesis." Journal of Theological Interpretation 16, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 234–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jtheointe.16.2.0234.
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Abstract Since the fourth century, Mark 13:32/Matt 24:36 have regularly been taken in hand as evidence of Jesus’s ignorance and used to advance subordinationist, kenotic, or Ebionite christological agendas. Meanwhile, modern biblical scholars regularly use patristic commentary on this passage as evidence that the classical Christian tradition advanced ahistorical, docetic eisegesis. In this essay, I consider patristic commentary on this pericope to show that these criticisms are unwarranted. The church fathers did not consider Jesus’s humanity to be an abstract, philosophical conundrum. Rather, their approach was driven by intertextual concerns set within a theistic metaphysical framework. They did not resolve a competition between Jesus’s humanity and divinity in favor of his divinity but upheld the confession that he was fully God and fully man in the face of a variety of approaches that threatened to corrupt or relinquish his humanity. I suggest that certain philosophical developments in the thought of Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) allow us to make distinctions that both uphold the patristic exegetical tradition and extend it in ways that do greater justice to the passage.
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Molnar, Paul D. "Was Barth a pro-Nicene theologian? Reflections onNicaea and its legacy." Scottish Journal of Theology 64, no. 3 (June 29, 2011): 347–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930611000160.
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If this very weighty and important book did nothing else than establish the fact for modern systematic theology that the trinitarian theology of the fourth century cannot be understood properly by dividing Eastern from Western theology with the usual statement that the former begins with the three persons and moves towards the divine unity while the latter begins with the divine unity and moves towards the three persons, then something truly significant would have been accomplished (Nicaea, pp. 52, 384). Why? Because then one would not be able to trace a supposed modalist tendency directly from Augustine through much Western theology to contemporary theologians such as Barth in order to argue for a view of God's triunity which actually could undermine the full divinity of each of the persons of the Trinity who in reality exist eternally as three persons, one being. Consider, for instance, the remark made by Ted Peters that ‘There is no inherent reason for assuming that the three persons have to be identical or equal in nature.’ If one studies the development of fourth-century trinitarian theology, I think one would find many reasons to insist that the three persons are in fact equal in nature, among which are that any other assertion would undermine the divinity of the Son, lead to some sort of subordinationism or adoptionism (what Barth called Ebionite christology), and would ultimately strip the Gospel of its saving power.
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Misiarczyk, Leszek. "Judeochrześcijanie w "Dialogu z Żydem Tryfonem" Justyna Męczennika." Vox Patrum 52, no. 1 (June 15, 2008): 661–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vp.8942.
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L’articolo presenta la descrizione dei giudeocristiani nel Dialogo eon Trifone di Giustino Martire. Come sappiamo, gli studi sul giudeocristianesimo condotti fino ad oggi hanno proposto 4 principali definizioni di ąuesto fenomeno: secondo la prima definizione genetico-etnica i giudeocristiani sarebbero da identificare eon i Giudei converititisi al cristianesimo; poi gli altri hanno proposto la definizione basata sul criterio dell’osservanza dove i giudeicristiani sarebbero tutti coloro che osservano le prescrizioni delle Legge di Mose pur essendo diventati cristiani; la terza definizione fa riferimento al sistema dottrinale, spesso eterodosso ed identificato eon gli Ebioniti e la quarta definizione proposta da J. Danielou definisce il giudeocristinesimo come una specifica forma mentis giudaica nella teologia cristiana antica. Nel 1998 S. Mimouni nel suo studio ha proposto una nuova definizione che, secondo lui, deve essere verificata in modo positive dalia maggiorana delle foni antiche e anche abbracciare i diversi criteri insieme come etnico, dottrinale e di osservanza. Analizando i testi dei Padri ha concluso che i giudeocristiani sono tutti coloro che etnicamente sono Giudei (tutti Padri), osservano la Legge di Mose (Epifanio, Girolamo) acccettano Gesu come il Messia e Figlio di Dio (Eusebio, Epifanio, Girolamo). Applicando questa definiznione al Dialogo di Giustino vediamo che i giudeocristiani per lui sono Giudei che hanno creduto nella messianicita di Gesu e continuano ad osservare alcune prescrizioni della Legge mosaica. L’Apologeta accetta la possibilita della salvezza etema per loro a condizione che non obblighino a questa osservana cosidetti etnocristiani. Per quanto riquarda l’elemento dottrinale distingue tra giudeocristiani ortodossi, come quelli che credeono in Gesu Messia e Figlio di Dio e eterodossi, cioe quelli che rifiutano la sua divinita pur credendo nella sua messianicita intesa pero in senso puramente umano.
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Adi Saingo, Yakobus. "Tinjauan Apologetis-Teologis Terhadap Skeptisisme Ke-Tuhan-an Yesus Menurut Kitab Injil." JURNAL LUXNOS 8, no. 2 (December 27, 2022): 173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.47304/jl.v8i2.216.
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Abstract: This study aims to conduct an apologetic-theological review of the skepticism of the Lordship of Jesus according to the Gospels. This study uses a literature study method and a biblical analysis approach (specifically the Gospels) so that it can describe a general picture of the problems experienced in Christianity related to the divinity of Jesus and apologetic actions (defense of the faith) against those who attack and doubt the divinity of Jesus. The author begins by explaining the theoretical concepts related to the discussion topics so that the author and the reader have the same perception of the concept and the basis of the discussion. Then systematically describe the heresies in Christology, such as Arianism, Docetism, Gnosticism, Monarchianism, Ebionitism, Liberalism, and Jehovah's Witnesses with the factors of Jesus' Divinity Skepticism consisting of elements in Jesus' humanity and divinity. Thus, the researchers also provide solutions regarding apologetic-theological efforts against the skepticism of the divinity of Jesus according to the Gospels, which structurally will explain biblical implicit and explicit evidence, biblical acknowledgment of others/other parties, the biblical confession of behavior biblically, and Christology from the Biblical-Theological Review. All these reviews were conducted to prove that Jesus is a true man and true God. Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan tinjauan apologetis-teologis terhadap skeptisisme ke-Tuhan-an Yesus menurut kitab Injil. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur serta pendekatan analisis biblika (khusus kitab Injil), sehingga dapat mendeskripsikan gambaran umum terkait permasalahan yang dialami dalam kekristenan terkait keilahian Yesus serta tindakan apologetik (pembelaan iman) terhadap pihak-pihak yang menyerang dan meragukan keilahian Yesus. Penulis mengawalinya dengan menjelaskan konsep teoritis terkait pokok-pokok pembahasan sehingga antara penulis dan pembaca memiliki persepsi yang sama tentang konsep dan dasar pembahasan. Kemudian secara sistematis mendeskripsikan mengenai bidat dalam Kristologi seperti: Arianisme, Doketisme, Gnostisisme, Monarkianisme, Ebionitisme, Liberalisme maupun Saksi Yehova dengan faktor-faktor Skeptisisme Ke-Tuhan-an Yesus yang terdiri dari faktor kemanusiaan dan faktor keilahian Yesus. Serta, peneliti juga memberikan solusi mengenai upaya apologetis-teologis terhadap skeptisisme ke-Tuhan-an Yesus menurut kitab Injil dimana secara struktural akan memaparkan mengenai bukti implisit dan eksplisit secara biblika, pengakuan orang lain/pihak lain secara biblika, perilaku Ilahi-Nya secara biblika, serta kristologi dari tinjauan teologis-biblika. Semua tinjauan tersebut dilakukan untuk membuktikan bahwa Yesus adalah manusia sejati dan Allah sejati.
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Lichtensztein, Fabio. "Fray Hernando de Talavera y el neo-ebionismo converso." Hamsa, no. 9 (November 17, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/hamsa.4258.
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Lingelbach, John F. "First Century Christian Diversity." Socio-Historical Examination of Religion and Ministry, March 30, 2019, 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33929/sherm.2019.vol1.no1.02.
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In light of Ken Howard’s recent “religion singularity” phenomenon, this article attempts to ascertain the nature of Christian diversity during the last seventy years of the first century (roughly 30 to 100 CE). It offers an examination of the two largest Christian movements that existed before the second century, as well as when those movements may have begun and the locations they most likely flourished. The article argues that the earliest Christian tradition was the one persecuted by the Apostle Paul and that later, two breakaway movements splintered off from this tradition: the Pauline and Ebionite movements. The paper concludes that during the first century, of these two splinter movements, the Pauline movement likely preceded that of the Ebionite movement, though they both flourished in many of the same locations. Of interest is the finding that all three Christian movements (the pre-Pauline tradition, Pauline, and Ebionite) flourished in Asia Minor, a cosmopolitan sub-continent which appears to have served as a geographic information nucleus through which diverse ideas easily proliferated.
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Van Aarde, Andries G. "Die Griekse manuskrip van die Kindheidsevangelie van Tomas in Kodeks Sinaïtikus (Gr 453) vertaal in Afrikaans." HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 61, no. 1/2 (October 9, 2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/hts.v61i1/2.452.
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The Greek manuscript of the Infancy Gospel of Thomas in Codex Sinaiticus (Gr 453) translated into AfrikaansFourteen Greek manuscripts and early translations exist of the Infancy Gospel of Thomas. The Greek version in Codex Sinaiticus (Gr 453) represents the most authentic version. The article shows that the reproduction of this Greek manuscript was made possible because of Constantin von Tischendorf’s collection of Greek manuscripts and a Latin translation. The aim of this article is to provide an Afrikaans translation of the Greek manuscript in Codex Sinaiticus (Gr 453) in order to purport further investigation into the redactional tendencies found in the manuscript. These tendencies are oriented by motifs in the Ebionite Gospels rather than in Gnosticism.
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DUYGU, Zafer. "HIRİSTİYANLIĞIN ERKEN YÜZYILLARINDAKİ İSA TEOLOJİSİ TARTIŞMALARINDA ‘DİNAMİK MONARŞİYANİST’ AKIMA ÖZGÜ ‘MONOTEİST’ KRİSTOLOJİ ve BUNUN ‘EBİONİT’ KRİSTOLOJİYLE MUKAYESESİ." Pamukkale University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, April 13, 2018, 329–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.414973.
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