To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: EC WFD implementation.
Journal articles on the topic 'EC WFD implementation'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 25 journal articles for your research on the topic 'EC WFD implementation.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Glenk, Klaus, Manuel Lago, and Dominic Moran. "Public preferences for water quality improvements: implications for the implementation of the EC Water Framework Directive in Scotland." Water Policy 13, no. 5 (April 26, 2011): 645–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2011.060.
Full textAbstract:
The EC Water Framework Directive (WFD) sets ambitious quality targets for member state water bodies by 2015. The provisions are being transposed predominantly using a cost-effectiveness criterion, which raises questions about the relative balance of costs [of reaching good status (GS)] and corresponding (non-)market benefits or the economic efficiency of the legislation. This study provides an insight into public perceptions of water quality improvements based on an application of national characterisation data on the state of the water environment in Scotland. A choice experiment approach is used to quantify non-market benefits of achieving GS across Scottish rivers and lochs over varying timescales and different geographical levels, with the aim of revealing willingness-to-pay data that is specifically relevant for WFD implementation. We find that the benefits of implementing the WFD are substantial. Results show that geographical differences in preferences for national improvements in the river and loch water quality in Scotland exist, both in terms of magnitudes of benefit estimates and time preferences for improvements. These differences need to be taken into account in analyses at the river basin district or national level in order to support policy options for the implementation of the WFD across the country.
2
Flindt Jørgensen, Lisbeth, Jens Christian Refsgaard, and Anker Lajer Højberg. "From science to practice in implementing the European Union’s Water Framework Directive." Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) Bulletin 15 (July 10, 2008): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v15.5050.
Full textAbstract:
The Water Framework Directive (WFD) of the European Union aims to achieve a ‘good’ status for all inland and coastal waters by the year 2015 (EC 2000). The directive defines how this should be achieved through the establishment of environmental objectives and ecological targets. Successful implementation of the WFD requires integration into already existing national legislation and a sound combination of issues on technical feasibility, scientific knowledge and socio-economic aspects requiring intensive stakeholder involvement. This calls for appropriate tools such as models to support management of technical and social aspects of different phases of the implementation (Rekolainen et al. 2003; Quevauviller et al. 2005). It is therefore necessary to provide an overview of already existing methods and tools and develop new ones. Research programmes funded by the European Commission (EC) often address issues of current interest for practitioners, such as the Fifth Framework Programme, where a number of research projects to support the practical implementation of the WFD were initiated under the theme ‘Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development’. The funding part (the Directorate-General for Research, DG Research) and the responsible authority for the WFD at European level (Directorate-General of Environ ment) saw the need to cluster these research projects and related activities, and initiated the Harmoni-CA project, a socalled ‘Concerted Action’ (i.e. Harmonised Modelling Tools for Integrated River Basin Management). The objectives of this paper are (a) to briefly describe the overall purpose of the Harmoni-CA project and some of its overarching outputs, and (b) to further illustrate how the implementation of the WFD can be enhanced by combining monitoring and modelling disciplines and by bringing practitioners and researchers together.
3
Vaes, G., P. Willems, P. Swartenbroekx, K. Kramer, W. de Lange, and K. Kober. "Science-policy interfacing in support of the Water Framework Directive implementation." Water Science and Technology 60, no. 1 (July 1, 2009): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.285.
Full textAbstract:
Many current water-related RTD projects have established operational links with practitioners, which allow the needs of policy makers to be taken into account. However, RTD results are not easily available to water policy implementers and research scientists may lack insight in the needs of policy makers and implementers (i.e. the European Commission and water managers). The SPI-Water project worked out a number of concrete actions to bridge these gaps in communication by developing and implementing a ‘science-policy interface’, enhancing the use of RTD results in the Water Framework Directive (WFD) implementation. This project is part of a wider EC perspective aiming to bridge the gap between science and polity, specifically with respect to the WFD implementation. As a first action, existing science-policy links are investigated. RTD and LIFE projects that are of direct relevance for the implementation of the WFD are identified and analysed. Secondly, an information system (Harmoni-CA's WISE RTD Web Portal) has been further developed to cater for an efficient and easy to use tool for dissemination as well as retrieval of RTD results. As third action, this science-policy interfacing of WFD related topics are extended to non-EU countries taking into account their specific needs.
4
Everbecq, Etienne, Aline Grard, Pol Magermans, and Jean-François Deliège. "Water Framework Directive and Modelling Using PEGOPERA Simulation Software." Journal of Modeling and Optimization 11, no. 1 (June 15, 2019): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jmo.2019.11.1.36.
Full textAbstract:
The Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC (WFD) established a framework for community action in the field of water policy. To implement the WFD, the competent authorities for watershed management should use modelling techniques to establish, for example, the pressure/impacts relationship. The PegOpera modelling tool (composed of the water quality model Pegase and a friendly Graphical User Interface), has been developed in order to be compliant with the requirements of the WFD. Pegase is a physicochemical model describing the behaviour of whole river systems, at various scales, from tens to tens of thousands km². The specificity of the model is its ability to work at a high spatial resolution not only for small river basins (water body level), but also for large drainage networks. Already used by several basin management competent authorities, the PegOpera modelling tool proved to be an efficient tool for helping in surface water management from local up to the international district level and is therefore an operational numerical tool for WFD implementation.
5
Kanakoudis, V., and S. Tsitsifli. "On-going evaluation of the WFD 2000/60/EC implementation process in the European Union, seven years after its launch: are we behind schedule?" Water Policy 12, no. 1 (November 1, 2009): 70–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2009.092.
Full textAbstract:
Although the European Union (EU) has made some considerable progress regarding protection of water resources (tackling significant problems at national and at EU level), increased efforts are still needed to get and keep its waters clean. After 30 years of developing EU water legislation, all the involved stakeholders express this demand. In 2000, the Water Framework Directive (WFD) 2000/60/EC, establishing a framework for Community actions regarding protection of water resources, was adopted. Its implementation is now well underway, as most of the EU-Member States have fulfilled their current obligations of submitting their reports. An on-going evaluation of the WFD implementation process is attempted here, based on all available data seven years after its launch. Special focus is given to Greece regarding problems that have occurred.
6
Pasztaleniec, Agnieszka. "Phytoplankton in the ecological status assessment of European lakes – advantages and constraints." Ochrona Srodowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych 27, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/oszn-2016-0004.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAlthough the phytoplankton indices describing the response of phytoplankton to the eutrophication have been developed and used for many years in the routine lake monitoring programme in some countries, the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) [EC, 2000] stimulated the development and improvement of quite a number of the current WFD-compliant phytoplankton-based methods. This paper is a review of the current phytoplankton-based methods for assessing the ecological status of European lakes. The particular attention was paid to the ways of solving problems arising from the need to reflect the complex and dynamic plankton algal communities on a numerical scale in order to gain reliable information about the state of the ecosystem.
7
Farmaki, Polytimi, and Apostolos Tranoulidis. "WATER POLICY IN GREECE: MANAGEMENT AND PRICING UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE EUROPEAN WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE 2000/60/EC." CBU International Conference Proceedings 6 (September 24, 2018): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v6.1141.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is related to Greece’s water policy as it was formulated after the incorporation of Water Framework Directive (WFD) 2000/60. We examined the status and evolution of constitutional provisions for the protection and management of water resources spanning from the first Greek Constitution of 1843 up to the current constitutional text of 1975 as formulated in 2008 with the incorporation of its third revision. In parallel, we investigated the Greek water pricing legal framework in accordance with Article 9 "Recovery of costs for water services" of the WFD. We compared the actual rates of water services as set by Municipal Water Supply Sewerage Companies (DEYAs) operating in 11 cities across Greece. The findings reveal that there are considerable problems and delays in the implementation of WFD. Regarding municipal water pricing policies, we concluded that DEYAs do not follow a unified and structured pricing scheme. Furthermore, several companies do not discriminate between data costs either per service (water supply, sewerage) or per use (water supply, irrigation, etc.). Finally, it is evident that none of them has yet adopted the relevant provisions set by the European directive for full cost recovery and water pricing reflecting financial, environmental and water resources costs.
8
Dodič, J., and A. Bizjak. "Economic analysis in the process of the preparation of river basin management plans in Slovenia: the Drava River Basin pilot study." Water Science and Technology 59, no. 2 (January 1, 2009): 353–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.885.
Full textAbstract:
According to the EU Directive 2000/60/EC (Water Framework Directive, hereinafter called: WFD), several steps have to be worked out on the way towards the good water status. For this goal, some of the main elements of the river basin management plans are the programme of measures. The programme of measures has to include basic and supplementary measures. In addition, it has to check the implementation of European Directives into the national law and has to estimate the effects of these rules on the quality of the water bodies. If these regulations are not sufficient to reach the good status of water, supplementary measures have to be applied. The paper gives an overview of how basic and supplementary measures for wastewater treatment were considered in the Drava River Basin. The main stress is given to the implementation of the EU Directive 91/271/EEC (the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive, hereinafter called: UWWTD), as part of the basic measures as defined in Annex VI of WFD and its results in the Drava River Basin.
9
Lupo Stanghellini, P. S., and D. Collentine. "Stakeholder discourse and water management – implementation of the participatory model CATCH in a Northern Italian alpine sub-catchment." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 12, no. 1 (March 3, 2008): 317–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-12-317-2008.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The Water Framework Directive (WFD, directive 2000/60/EC) was created to ensure the sustainable use of water resources in the European Union. A central guideline included throughout the directive is a call for the participation of stakeholders in the management of these resources. Involving stakeholders is an important step to ensure that catchment management plans take into consideration local experience in the development of these plans and the impact of the plans on local interests. This paper describes and analyses the results of a series of workshops to facilitate implementation of the WFD at a catchment level based on the stakeholder participation model, CATCH. To test the usefulness of the CATCH model, developed for water management in a catchment area, a sub-catchment in an alpine valley in the north-east of Italy, the Alta Valsugana in the Province of Trento, was chosen as the setting for a series of workshops. In this valley water is fundamental for activities associated with agriculture, domestic use, energy production, sports and recreation. In the recent past the valley has had serious problems related to water quality and quantity. Implementation of water management plans under the WFD may lead to conflicts within the catchment between different stakeholder interest groups. Including stakeholders in the development of management plans not only follows the guidelines of the WFD but also could result in a more locally adapted and acceptable plan for the catchment. A new stakeholder analysis methodology was developed and implemented in order to identify the relevant stakeholders of the area and then two sets of workshops involving the key stakeholders identified were conducted in Spring 2006. The CATCH meetings were a new experience for the participants, who had to deal with both the principles of the WFD in general and the participation requirement in particular. During the meetings, the CATCH model played a very important role in structuring the participatory process. It provided a general framework consisting of a sequence of steps that helped the participants to reach the goal of the process: the identification and evaluation of measures to improve water management in the catchment. This test of the CATCH model showed it to be a dynamic and flexible tool, useful for structuring and guiding the participation process, without imposing undue restrictions on influencing the outcome of stakeholder participation in a small catchment.
10
Masouras, Andreas, Ioannis Karaouzas, Elias Dimitriou, George Tsirtsis, and Evangelia Smeti. "Benthic Diatoms in River Biomonitoring—Present and Future Perspectives within the Water Framework Directive." Water 13, no. 4 (February 12, 2021): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13040478.
Full textAbstract:
The European Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC (WFD) has been implemented over the past 20 years, using physicochemical, biological and hydromorphological elements to assess the ecological status of surface waters. Benthic diatoms (i.e., phytobenthos) are one of the most common biological quality elements (BQEs) used in surface water monitoring and are particularly successful in detecting eutrophication, organic pollution and acidification. Herein, we reviewed their implementation in river biomonitoring for the purposes of the WFD, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages over other BQEs, and we discuss recent advances that could be applied in future biomonitoring. Until now, phytobenthos have been intercalibrated by the vast majority (26 out of 28) of EU Member States (MS) in 54% of the total water bodies assessed and was the most commonly used BQE after benthic invertebrates (85% of water bodies), followed by fish (53%), macrophytes (27%) and phytoplankton (4%). To meet the WFD demands, numerous taxonomy-based quality indices have been developed among MS, presenting, however, uncertainties possibly related to species biogeography. Recent development of different types of quality indices (trait-based, DNA sequencing and predictive modeling) could provide more accurate results in biomonitoring, but should be validated and intercalibrated among MS before their wide application in water quality assessments.
11
Starke, Jan R., and Helena F. M. W. Van Rijswick. "Exemptions of the EU Water Framework Directive Deterioration Ban: Comparing Implementation Approaches in Lower Saxony and The Netherlands." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 18, 2021): 930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020930.
Full textAbstract:
The sustainable use of precious water resources requires effective water management. In the European Union, water management is mainly regulated by the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC), introducing an integrated river basin management approach. As a European Union (EU) directive, the legislation needs to be implemented in the Member States, entailing not only legal transposition but also application and enforcement. One major instrument introduced by the Water Framework Directive is the environmental goal achievement obligation of article 4 WFD, containing also a deterioration ban with several exemptions. We compare the transposition, application, and enforcement of the exemption of permanent deterioration (art. 4 (7) WFD) in the context of the environmental goal achievement obligation regime in Lower Saxony (Germany) and the Netherlands. The study rests on a comparative legal analysis of literature, river basin management plans, and jurisprudence. Although based on the same EU directive wording and case law of the European Court of Justice, the deterioration ban and the exemption of permanent deterioration are implemented rather differently. While the deterioration ban is predominantly understood as planning obligation in the Netherlands, it became an important permit requirement in Lower Saxony since the Weser ruling of the European Court of Justice.
12
Lupo Stanghellini, P. S., and D. Collentine. "Stakeholder discourse and water management in a catchment in northern Italy." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 4, no. 3 (June 18, 2007): 1729–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-4-1729-2007.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. The Water Framework Directive (WFD; directive 2000/60/EC) was created to ensure the sustainable use of water resources in the European Union. A central guideline included throughout the directive is a call for the participation of stakeholders in the management of these resources. Involving stakeholders is an important step to ensure that catchment management plans take into consideration local experience in the development of these plans and the impact of the plans on local interests. This paper describes and analyses the results of a series of workshops to facilitate implementation of the WFD at a catchment level based on the stakeholder participation model, CATCH. To test the usefulness of the stakeholder participation model CATCH for water management in a catchment area, a sub-catchment in an alpine valley in the north-east of Italy, the Alta Valsugana in the Province of Trento, was chosen as the setting for a series of workshops. In this valley water is fundamental for activities associated with agriculture, domestic use, energy production, sports and recreation. In the recent past the valley has had serious problems related to water quality and quantity. Implementation of water management plans under the WFD may lead to conflicts within the catchment between different stakeholder interest groups. Including stakeholders in the development of management plans not only follows the guidelines of the WFD but also could result in a more locally adapted and acceptable plan for the catchment. A new stakeholder analysis methodology was developed and implemented in order to identify the relevant stakeholders of the area and then two sets of workshops involving the key stakeholders identified were conducted in Spring 2006. The CATCH meetings were a new experience for the participants, who had to deal with both the principles of the WFD in general and the participation requirement in particular. During the meetings, the CATCH model played a very important role in structuring the participatory process. It provided a general framework consisting of a sequence of steps that helped the participants to reach the goal of the process; the identification and evaluation of measures to improve water management in the catchment. This test of the CATCH model showed it to be a dynamic and flexible tool, useful for structuring and guiding the participation process, without imposing undue restrictions on influencing the outcome of stakeholder participation in a small catchment.
13
Martins, F. A., J. Janeiro, S. Gabriel, A. Venâncio, and R. Neves. "Integrated monitoring of South Portugal water bodies: a methodology towards WFD." Water Science and Technology 60, no. 8 (October 1, 2009): 1979–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.509.
Full textAbstract:
The challenge on implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) (2000/60/EC) fosters the development of new monitoring approaches. The directive promotes the use of modelling techniques to assist all phases of the process, from characterization and establishment of reference conditions to identification of pressures and assessment of impact. This work is based on the above principles. A classical monitoring of the water status of the main transitional water bodies of Algarve (South of Portugal) is combined with advanced in situ water profiling and hydrodynamic, water quality and ecological modelling to build a complete description of the system. The aim is to demonstrate a methodology where traditional monitoring and modelling tools can be joined together to draw a holistic picture. The results show that globally the water bodies present a good trophic status. Eutrophication symptoms are not generalized. Due to physical transport and dispersion, nutrient enrichment is not the only factor limiting growth; residence time is also an important factor. Some confined regions with high residence times are at present endangered by point and diffuse sources of pollution. The microbiologic impact of waste water treatment plants (WWTP) is confined to regions between 500 m and 1 km from the discharges.
14
Alamanos, A., M. Tsota, and N. Mylopoulos. "Applying a novel framework for the estimation of the full cost of water in a degraded rural watershed." Water Policy 23, no. 3 (May 10, 2021): 617–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2021.240.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Water Resources Management's modern concerns include solutions on water scarcity, water quality problems and the use of economic and decision-support tools. Especially, the agricultural sector in South Europe under the requirements of the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC(WFD) remains a challenge. Most scholars so far doubt and criticize the implementation of the full cost of irrigation water, review papers highlight the limited progress, and fewer cases provide guidance on how to address this case. The present study applies a novel methodological framework for the estimation of the full cost of irrigation water, based on hydro-economic concepts such as: water balance, profits from agriculture, water value, water quality, monetary, opportunity and environmental costs. Originally, the method has been applied only once in a rural watershed with surface and groundwater resources. Here, a degraded Greek watershed using only groundwater resources is the study area, and the results of the two cases are compared. The model was also examined under demand management strategies and recommendations to scrutinize the effects and the applicability of the proposed measures in hydrological and economic terms. The findings give useful insights on the future management of achieving economic objectives with environmental constraints and the harmonization of Greek agriculture to the WFD.
15
Mergen, Patricia, Kristian Meissner, Daniel Hering, Florian Leese, Agnès Bouchez, Alexander Weigand, and Sarah Kueckmann. "DNAqua-Net or how to navigate on the stormy waters of standards and legislations." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (May 18, 2018): e25953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25953.
Full textAbstract:
Several national and international environmental laws require countries to meet clearly defined targets with respect to the ecological status of aquatic ecosystems. In Europe, the EU-Water Framework Directive (WFD; 2000/60/EC) represents such a detailed piece of legislation. The WFD that requires the European member countries to achieve an at least ‘good’ ecological status of all surface waters at latest by the year 2027. In order to assess the ecological status of a given water body under the WFD, data on its aquatic biodiversity are obtained and compared to reference status. The mismatch between these two metrics then is used to derive the respective ecological status class. While the workflow to carry out the assessment is well established, it relies only on few biological groups (typically fish, macroinvertebrates and a few algal taxa such as diatoms), is time consuming and remains at a lower taxonomic resolution, so that the identifications can be done routinely by non-experts with an acceptable learning curve. Here, novel genetic and genomic tools provide new solutions to speed up the process and allow to include a much greater proportion of biodiversity in the assessment process. further, results are easily comparable through the genetic ‘barcodes’ used to identify organisms. The aim of the large international COST Action DNAqua-Net (http://dnaqua.net/) is to develop strategies on how to include novel genetic tools in bioassessment of aquatic ecosystems in Europe and beyond and how to standardize these among the participating countries. It is the ambition of the network to have these new genetic tools accepted in future legal frameworks such as the EU-Water Framework Directive (WFD; 2000/60/EC) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (2008/56/EC). However, a prerequisite is that various aspects that start from the validation and completion of DNA Barcode reference databases, to the lab and field protocols, to the analysis processes as well as the subsequently derived biotic indices and metrics are dealt with and commonly agreed upon. Furthermore, many pragmatic questions such as adequate short and long-term storage of samples or specimens for further processing or to serve as an accessible reference need also be addressed. In Europe the conformity and backward compatibility of the new methods with the existing legislation and workflows are further of high importance. Without rigorous harmonization and inter-calibration concepts, the implementation of the powerful new genetic tools will be substantially delayed in real-world legal framework applications. After a short introduction on the structure and vision of DNAqua-Net, we discuss how the DNAqua-Net community considers possibilities to include novel DNA-based approaches into current bioassessment and how formal standardization e.g. through the framework of CEN (The European Committee for Standardization) may aid in that process (Hering et al. 2018, Leese et al. 2016, Leese et al. 2018. Further we explore how TDWG data standards can further facilitate swift adoption of the genetic methods in routine use. We further present potential impacts of the legislative requirements of the Nagoya Protocol on the exchange of genetic resources and their implications for biomonitoring. Last but not least, we will touch upon the rather unexpected influence that the new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) may have on the bioassessment work in practice.
16
Reese, Moritz, and Hans-Joachim Koch. "Revising the Waste Framework Directive Basic Deficiencies of European Waste Law and Proposals for Reform." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 2, no. 6 (2005): 441–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187601005x00453.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractFor years, there has been criticism that there are substantial ambiguities in European waste law and that, in particular, crucial legal terms, such as waste, disposal and recovery, have not yet been defined sufficiently clearly. Such ambiguities hamper transposition into national law, complicate implementation by the national authorities and thus give rise to considerable economic and environmental problems in the waste management sector. Prompted by the Sixth Environmental Action Programme, the European Commission has finally initiated a revision of the general legal framework for European waste management. Amendments to the Waste Shipment Regulation have already been approved at a political level and are likely to be adopted this year. Revision of the basic terms, principles and provisions of the Waste Framework Directive (WFD), however, is still at a rather early stage. Against this background, we hope to show by the following that the ambiguities in EC waste law are not just a consequence of a lack of definitions but also the result of uncertainty surrounding basic regulatory and strategic issues which must be addressed first (Part I). We will therefore submit recommendations as to how these strategic questions should be answered in the light of both the environmental risks currently faced by the waste sector and the specific potential of waste-law approaches to reduce these risks (Part II). Finally, we will show how these strategic solutions could be converted into specific provisions and amendments to the WFD (Parts III and IV). The recommendations and suggestions presented below have been generated by a study conducted by the authors at the request of the German Ministry of the Environment1.
17
De Smedt, Peter. "Water-Related Tools for Climate Change Adaptation in the Flemish Region: The Art of Linking Water Quality Standards to Spatial Planning." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 7, no. 3 (2010): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/161372710x540300.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) establishes a framework for integrated water management and functions as a major legal frame for the protection of water bodies in Europe. In the Flemish Region the Directive has been implemented by the Decree of 18 July 2003 on Integral Water Policy. As climate change affects the quality and quantity status of water bodies, the question arises whether the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Flemish implementation legislation are well-suited to handle climate change impacts. Although climate change concerns are not explicitly incorporated in the text of the WFD and the Flemish Decree, this author believes that the main components for an effective adaptation strategy are included in the above mentioned legislation. More in particular, this is achieved by the environmental objectives which have to be elaborated in environmental quality standards (EQS) on the one hand, and the integrated approach on the other hand. Water quality management on the basis of a high level of protection of the aquatic environment is indispensable for adapting to climate change, as ecosystem-based adaptation is most cost-effective. Therefore spatial planning should integrate water quality concerns, as spatial planning may be critical for spatial quality and more specific for the achievement of the environmental objectives. Consequently this contribution focuses on the impact of water quality standards on permit decision-making and spatial planning. In this context some legal instruments anchored in the Flemish legislation on integral water policy will be highlighted, especially the 'watertoets' (translated as the water checkup), which may be useful to facilitate adaptation to climate change.
18
Balsotti, Riccardo, and Maria Governa. "Evaluation of groundwater monitoring according to 2000/60/EC and 2006/118/EC directives in Piedmont." Acque Sotterranee - Italian Journal of Groundwater 2, no. 3 (September 30, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.7343/as-041-13-0067.
Full textAbstract:
In order to optimize monitoring activities as well to adapt it to legislative framework, since 2011 Piedmont Regional Groundwater Monitoring Network (RMRAS) has undergone several upgrades interesting both number of monitoring points and such points location. This process, according to WFD proceedings, has also involved modifications on the analytical protocol adopted as well as on the final configuration of groundwater bodies (GWB) Main results from first WFD triennium implementation (2009- 2011), by applying the new monitoring system, has had as a consequence a new definition of Chemical Status, according to D.lgs. 30/2009 and Decreto 260/2010, which allows us to express some considerations on the methodological approach proposed by the above mentioned legislation. In general, emerges a very articulated monitoring and classification system which allows to provide additional elements of knowledge than in the past. Others innovative aspects include modulation of monitoring cycles (Surveillance-Operational Monitoring and Punctual Operational Monitoring) related with an upgrade of analytical programs, toward a general approach much more tied to the pressures which are insisting over GWBs. Study of main contaminants occurrences compared with their SQA/ VS allow to obtain a more detailed overview to assess main implications that favored groundwater contamination. Chemical Status definition may be influenced by the natural background values (VF) of certain elements in very specific context. In Piedmont case such phenomena involves Nickel and ChromeVI. VF determination can give as a result VS modification for the considered elements inside the entire GWB area or parts of it. However, difficulties arise when attempting accurate discrimination from mixed contributions (natural + anthropogenic) occurring in complex environmental scenarios.
19
Sgorbati, Guiseppe, and Nicoletta Dotti. "Perspectives and actions to improve water quality in European Union Member States." elni Review, October 2015, 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/elni.2015.002.
Full textAbstract:
Although the European rules on water, which are mainly based on the Water Framework Directive (WFD 2000/60/EC), have been in force for many years, the quality of waters in Europe still have huge room for improvement before they can fulfil the objectives set by the WFD and by its “daughters Directive”. Two questions are key here: Are the European rules adequate for this challenging goal? If yes, are the rules applied homogeneously and correctly in European Union Countries or do many issues remain which prevent their full implementation? This article provides a broad overview of water issues in Europe, focusing on the level of fulfillment of requisites from EU legislation and the level of its implementation in Member States. This point of view has been adopted because an uneven implementation of EU laws prevents several European citizens from fulfillment of their right to a healthy environment and a good water resource quality and, furthermore, endangers the level playing field across Europe, from a social and economic point of view.
20
Zębek, Elżbieta. "Water-law permission as an administrative and legal instrument for the management and protection of water resources." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Administratio Locorum 19, no. 2 (May 9, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/aspal.4866.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the article is to determine the impact of the revision of legal provisions in the field of water law licensing caused by the Water Framework Directive implementation on the currently applicable framework for the protection and management of water resources in Poland. Based on the legal regulations and statistical data it was found that the implementation of Directive 2000/60/EC (WFD) and related directives regarding sewage treatment plants limiting the inflow of nitrogen compounds from agriculture and priority substances to surface waters, contributed to an extension of scope of the activities that require this permission. That scope extension concerns both the protection of water resources in terms of quantity and quality e.g. water abstraction, agricultural fertilization, reclamation of water reservoirs, protection of flood risk areas and use of waters for economic and service purposes. All this indicates a more restrictive approach of the legislator to the protection of the most valuable resource in the environment, which should contribute to possible achievement of a good state of surface water, as is the main goal of the WFD.
21
"European procedures to river quality assessment." Issue 3 7, no. 3 (April 29, 2013): 306–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30955/gnj.000383.
Full textAbstract:
The EU directive (2000/60/EC) known as the Water Framework Directive (WFD),
identifies new methodology for monitoring and improving of surface water quality in the
territory. This includes controlling land-based pollutants as well as defining the constraints
for territorial planning. It is, therefore, necessary to know in detail the surface water
quality in order to estimate the possible consequences of a either new civil or industrial
activity to settle in the territory. Thus, investigating methodologies, data analysis
procedures and water quality management tools need to be well defined. The new EU
water framework directive institutionalizes ecosystem-based objectives and planning
processes at the level of the hydro-graphic basin as the basis for water resource
management. It underlines the need for developing adequate biological and ecotoxicological
tests. An ample management strategy of the use of natural resources from
basin ecosystems is also needed. Management programs require a multidisciplinary
approach based on a systematic monitoring of key biological and chemical physical
parameters. On the other hand, only a few suggestions have been proposed for the tools
needed the interpretation of the large amount of environmental data required to obtain the
information for a correct basin management. The creation of innovative decision making
tools for sustainable basin resource utilization is an important challenge for the future
application of the directive.
The aim of this study is to describe the implementation of WFD in European Country, with
a discussion of a case study. To assess the chemical and the ecological status of the
surface water according to WFD-2000, the approache of the EU were discussed. The
influences of the assessment methods on the water quality classes are also showed. In
this context, a brief overview of chemical, physical, and biological monitoring methods,
problems related to implementation of the new directive is done. Salerno district, the
biggest province (4922 Km2) in Southern Italy, was the case study for which water quality
monitoring has been performed on Sele river (Parco del Cilento). Within the period from
February 2001 to April 2004, 6 sampling station were monthly monitored and the water
quality of the rivers was analyzed. The flow of the river as well as physical (pH, water and
air temperatures), chemical (suspended solids, NH4-N, NO2-N, NO3-N, dissolved oxygen
(DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), phosphate
concentration) and biological (Escherichia coli and the Extended Biotic Index (EBI))
parameters were monitored.
The results obtained allowed us to define the chemical, physical and biological water
quality of the Sele river. At the same time, its classification according to the main WFD
outlines was done. A correlation between biologically determined quality classes and
chemical measurements was observed. The conclusion was that the parameters have to be measured carefully to provide unique definition of environmental status according to
WDF-2000 for a water resource, hence, uniform and unbiased water quality assessment
in the EU will be obtained.
22
KHADIDJA, CHABANE, BAHBAH LAMIA, and SERIDI HALIMA. "Ecological Quality Status of the Algiers coastal waters by using macroalgae assemblages as bioindicators (Algeria, Mediterranean Sea)." Mediterranean Marine Science, July 4, 2018, 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.15951.
Full textAbstract:
Macroalgae assemblages have been used as a quality element for the assessment of the Ecological Status Classes (ESC) of coastal water bodies for the implementation of the European Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC). To assess the suitability of this quality element in Algiers coasts, seven sampling sites with five (5) replications covering a wide range of anthropogenic pressures were studied during spring and summer 2015. Coverage data of macroalgae in each sampling site were analyzed on species, i.e., structural (species number, nMDS, clustering, K-dominance and Simper analysis on Bray–Curtis similarity) and on Ecological Status Groups, i.e., functional (nMDS, clustering, K-dominance, Ecological Evaluation Index/EEI-c) biological levels. Key water variables (temperature, salinity and pH) along with the anthropogenic stress index MALUSI were also estimated. The obtained results revealed a significant effect of anthropogenic stress in the macroalgal assemblages. The structural analysis showed: (1) species richness of 86 taxa in total, (2) dominance of Cystoseira amentacea var. stricta (late-successional) associated by Lithophyllum incrustans, and Jania rubens in non-impacted sites and of Ulva rigida, Ulva intestinalis and Caulerpa cylindracea (opportunistic) species in impacted sites, and (3) record a higher proportion of low abundance of species in polluted communities than in less polluted communities. The functional analysis showed: (1) classification of sites based on multivariate and K-dominance analyses in four groups, three in agreement with water degradation, and one for low salinity influence, (2) classification of sites into “Bad”, ”High”, “Moderate” and “Good” ESC’s by EEI-c index, (3) a strong non-linear relationship (R²=0.85) of EEI-c index with MALUSI index. Therefore, to implement a national monitoring program within the scope WFD in Algeria coasts, the EEI-c index will be a suitable tool.
23
Moccia, Davide, Luca Salvadori, Simone Ferrari, Alessandra Carucci, and Antonio Pusceddu. "Implementation of the EU ecological flow policy in Italy with a focus on Sardinia." Advances in Oceanography and Limnology 11, no. 1 (June 9, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/aiol.2020.8781.
Full textAbstract:
River ecosystems are characterised by a naturally high level of hydrodynamic perturbations which create aquatic-terrestrial habitats indispensable for many species, as well as for the human beings' welfare. Environmental degradation and habitat loss caused by increasing anthropogenic pressures and global change affect freshwater aquatic ecosystems worldwide and have caused changes in water flow regimes and channels morphologies. These, in turn, decreased the natural flow capacity and reduced habitat availability, thus causing severe degradation of rivers' ecological integrity. The ecological flow (e-flow) is commonly intended as the quantity, timing, duration, frequency and quality of water flows required to sustain freshwater, estuarine and near‐shore ecosystems and the human livelihoods and well‐being. Maintaining the e-flow represents a potential tool for restoring and managing river ecosystems, to preserve the autochthonous living communities, along with environmental services and cultural/societal values. In the last decade, methods for the determination of the e-flow in European rivers moved from a simply hydrological approach towards establishing a linkage between the hydrological regime and the good ecological status (GES) of the water bodies, as identified by the European Water Framework Directive (WFD; 2000/60/EC). Each Member State is required to implement and integrate into the River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) a methodology for the determination of the e-flow, ensuring that rivers can achieve and maintain the GES. The competent river basin authorities have thus to ascertain whether national methodologies to can be applied to different river typologies and basin environment characteristics. In this context, we narratively review the e-flow assessments in the heterogeneous Italian territory, in particular on a water scant region such as Sardinia, by analysing laws, guidelines and focusing on study cases conducted with micro and meso-scale hydraulic-habitat approaches. In the sight of a more ecological-based application of national e-flow policy, we suggest that meso-habitat methods provide a valuable tool to overcome several limitations of current e-flow implementation in the Italian territory. However, to face future challenges, such as climate change adaptation, we stress the need for further experimental studies to update water management plans with greater attention for nature conservation.
24
Rigon, E., J. Moretto, F. Delai, L. Picco, D. Ravazzolo, R. Rainato, and M. A. Lenzi. "Application of the new Morphological Quality Index in the Cordevole river (BL, Italy)." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 44, no. 2s (September 8, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2013.250.
Full textAbstract:
The evaluation of the morphological quality of rivers is essential to define the level of alteration and for implementing future management strategies that consider also hazards related to fluvial processes and channel dynamics. This type of evaluation is particularly significant for the Italian rivers, that, as in many other European countries, have a very high level of human pressure. Recently, in Italy, the National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research has promoted a methodology named IDRAIM for hydromorphological analysis of streams that pursues an integrated approach aimed at a harmonized implementation of both the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC), and the EU Floods Directive (2007/60/EC). In this paper we present the application of the Morphological Quality Index (MQI) protocol, which is part of IDRAIM, to determine the assessment of the morphological quality of the Cordevole River. The water network (only collectors greater than thirdorder were considered), has been divided, through GIS software, into 132 river reaches of homogeneous morphological characteristics, according to the first phase of the method. At this stage the semi-automatic calculation of lateral confinement (defined by “degree of confinement” and a “confinement index”) was tried, in order to reduce the implementing time. The application of 28 indicators was made for 42 reaches representing the major river types and human pressures in the site investigation. The results showed that 48% of the analyzed reaches have a very good or good quality status, 38% have a moderate morphological quality, while only 14% have the characteristics of poor or very poor quality. The main causes that lead to a strong alteration of the terms of reference are linked to i) poor connectivity between hillslopes and river corridor, that is very important for the natural supply of sediment and large wood; ii) absence of vegetation in the river corridor, that is functional to a range of geomorphic processes; iii) presence of artificial elements, particularly the bedload interception structures in the catchment, bank protection along the reach, and the removal of sediment, large wood and vegetation.
25
Mortágua, Andreia, Marco Teixeira, Manuela Sales, Maria Feio, and Salomé Almeida. "Validation of river typologies using molecular information from diatoms." ARPHA Conference Abstracts 4 (March 4, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/aca.4.e64726.
Full textAbstract:
The European Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) includes biological assessment of water bodies that has been implemented for many years. Indicator organisms such as diatoms respond to geological and hydrological features of rivers by modifying their structure. Therefore, when implementing the WFD, it was necessary to establish type-specific reference conditions to be able to measure the deviations of sampled communities due to anthropogenic impact.HTS-related eDNA metabarcoding has been developed to complement or even replace traditional approaches for its rapid, low-cost and highly accurate identification of communities for assessment of rivers’ ecological status (e.g. Mortágua et al., 2019; Pérez-Burillo et al. 2020) and proved to provide even more in-depth information about biological elements. The use of this information without assignment to species is being addressed once it eliminates the limiting factor of the reference database incompleteness and may provide new ecological information (e.g. Feio et al., 2020; Rivera et al., 2020). Since WFD requires the establishment of reference conditions for each water body type, for eDNA methods’ implementation it will be essential to review, confirm or reformulate, and perhaps create new typologies. Hereupon, the aim of this study is to analyze diatom communities from different typologies of Portuguese rivers resulting from DNA metabarcoding data and compare it with current typology system. To do so, we will verify the consistency of biological groups included in each type, validate the molecular data, analyze the correspondence of OTU/ISU/ESV to environmental characteristics of rivers. A total of 154 sampling sites were selected from central Portugal and northern Portugal in 2017 and 2019. The biofilm was collected for morphological identification and DNA sequencing of diatoms. Reference sites were selected for 4 river types (mountain, littoral, small and medium-large northern rivers) based on a set of pressure information (water quality, hydromorphology, land use and riparian zones). Diatom inventories were obtained from molecular and morphological analysis. DNA sequences were treated using Mothur software which processed two bioinformatic strategies in order to obtain the final ISU and OTU tables, while ESVs were treated with DADA2 package from R. Identification and counting of diatom valves took place under the light microscope concerning the morphological approach. We expect results to validate the molecular data for each typology either when assigning to species or not, and to understand whether it is necessary to establish new typologies for future use of the molecular approach in ecological assessment of rivers. Directive, W. F. (2000). Water Framework Directive. Journal reference OJL, 327, 1-73. Feio, M. J., Serra, S. R., Mortágua, A., Bouchez, A., Rimet, F., Vasselon, V., & Almeida, S. F. P. (2020). A taxonomy-free approach based on machine learning to assess the quality of rivers with diatoms. Science of the Total Environment, 722, 137900. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137900 Mortágua, A., Vasselon, V., Oliveira, R., Elias, C., Chardon, C., Bouchez, A., ... & Almeida, S. F. P. (2019). Applicability of DNA metabarcoding approach in the bioassessment of Portuguese rivers using diatoms. Ecological indicators, 106, 105470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105470 Pérez-Burillo, J., Trobajo, R., Vasselon, V., Rimet, F., Bouchez, A., & Mann, D. G. (2020). Evaluation and sensitivity analysis of diatom DNA metabarcoding for WFD bioassessment of Mediterranean rivers. Science of the Total Environment, 727, 138445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138445 Rivera, S. F., Vasselon, V., Bouchez, A., & Rimet, F. (2020). Diatom metabarcoding applied to large scale monitoring networks: Optimization of bioinformatics strategies using Mothur software. Ecological indicators, 109, 105775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105775