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Academic literature on the topic 'Échange de droits d'émission (Environnement) – Californie'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Échange de droits d'émission (Environnement) – Californie"
Bordeleau, Louis-Carl. "L'impact de la liaison de l'Ontario avec le marché du carbone de la Californie et du Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30005.
Full textLessard, Francis. "Modélisation et impact du jumelage des marchés du carbone : le cas Québec - Californie." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29566.
Full textArès, François. "Le partage des pouvoirs en environnement : une analyse économique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29482.
Full textJ’explore les implications d’une structure fédérale sur l’allocation des pouvoirs et la fixation des politiques environnementales entre diverses juridictions. Pour ce faire, j’applique le modèle d’agence commune développé par Bernheim et Whinston (1886) à l’élaboration d’une politique environnementale dans une fédération centralisée. Je donne la possibilité au gouvernement central de choisir les taxes sur les émissions qui s’appliquent sur son territoire, mais également d’effectuer des transferts monétaires entre les gouvernements. À partir de ce modèle, je détermine si les allocations d’équilibre qui résultent de ce processus peuvent être optimales et, le cas échéant, sous quelles conditions elles peuvent l’être. Puis, je propose une statique comparative afin d’éclairer le lecteur sur les mécanismes par lesquels la politique fédérale s’ajuste à des variations exogènes des paramètres étudiés. Un résultat du modèle est que la possibilité de modifier les transferts interrégionaux incite le gouvernement fédéral à taxer davantage les externalités environnementales. Je propose en deuxième lieu un modèle général d’allocation des pouvoirs au sein d’une fédération à l’aide, notamment, d’un jeu d’agence à choix discret. Je distingue la situation où les pouvoirs initiaux sont alloués au gouvernement fédéral de celle où les pouvoirs seraient plutôt réservés aux gouvernements locaux. Un résultat de ce modèle est que si les pouvoirs sont initialement réservés au gouvernement fédéral, celui-ci n’est jamais incité à accorder ces pouvoirs aux gouvernements infranationaux, indépendamment du type de polluant visé.
Fortin, Claude. "Approche de quantification et de récompense des bénéfices climatiques associés à un projet de séquestration de carbone en milieu forestier : implications pour le marché du carbone québécois." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/35415.
Full textThis study is part of the international movement to develop and implement effective market mechanisms to fight climate change. In Québec, this is mainly reflected in the establishment of a cap-and-trade system for greenhouse gas emission allowances and an offset credit component. Unlike a GHG reduction project, a forest carbon sequestration project is inherently non-permanent. This feature limits the real potential to cancel or offset all the negative effects resulting from a GHG emission into the atmosphere behind the used of an offset credit (OCr). It is mainly for this reason that the forestry sector is currently excluded from the Quebec OCr component. Currently, regardless of the type of market (voluntary, regulatory), the OCr issuance approach adopted for carbon sequestration projects anticipates a climate benefit, forcing project proponents and OCr to put in place binding and long-term follow-up measures to ensure the environmental integrity. The main objective of the research project is to propose a new approach for quantifying and delivering OCr for carbon sequestration projects. Like the current approach, the proposed approach must not only quantify and reward a quantity of carbon sequestered, but also and above all, quantify and reward the temporal dimension implicit in the creation of climate benefits associated with the maintenance of an amount of carbon out of the atmospheric atmosphere for a given period of time. Using radiative forcing as an indicator of an effect on the climate system, the approach demonstrates that it is possible to integrate these two variables into the determination of the number of OCrs to be delivered to a project promoter. As a result, the constraints associated with the permanence test become obsolete.
Adès, Julie. "L'impact du cadre réglementaire fédéral de réduction d'émissions de gaz à effet de serre de 2007 sur les choix des sources d'énergie de l'industrie québécoise des pâtes et papiers." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26836/26836.pdf.
Full textBell, Mbea. "Three essays in the economics of greenhouse gas emissions' mitigation in the electricity sector." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28367.
Full textClimate change is one of the biggest challenges that the world is facing. In order to limit global warming, each political jurisdiction must implement a drastic climate policy to mitigate anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs). In this challenge, the electricity generation sector has a central role to play. On the one hand, it is a major contributor to the total GHG emissions, and on the other hand, this sector offers several alternatives for generating electricity without emissions, such as renewable sources or fossil fuel generators equipped with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) capacity. In three essays, this thesis examines cost-efficient solutions to reducing GHG emissions and promoting climate-friendly technologies in the electricity sector. The first essay compares an emissions tax and a clean energy standard using a calibrated general equilibrium model of electricity generation. The structure of electricity production features two plants: one that generates its output based on renewable sources and the other based on fossil source emitting CO2. The model is calibrated to match selected macroeconomic aggregates of the economy of British Columbia. The calibrated model is then used to conduct conceptual experiments that pit the overall cost of achieving the optimal emissions reduction target with a given policy instrument against the counterfactual cost of achieving the same target with an alternative policy instrument. The experiments lead to the conclusion that an emissions tax is more environmentally effective as well as more cost-effective than a clean energy standard. The second essay extends the comparison between a clean electricity standard and a carbon tax on cost-effectiveness grounds by adding innovation and market power. In our model, a two-stage competition in the electricity sector between a clean plant and its "dirty" rival anchors a two-sector general equilibrium model of climate change intervention. The dirty plant can innovate to reduce its emissions, and the clean plant can innovate to reduce its pre-existing cost-disadvantage. The model is calibrated to selected US macroeconomics aggregates. Results in this essay overturn those obtained in the first, where perfect competition was the feature of the electricity industry. The second essay thus shows cost-effective choice of climate policy instruments depends on the industrial organization of the electricity sector, as well as on the mechanisms plants use to respond to climate policy. Whereas the first two essays are only concerned with abatement incentives the third, by contrast, considers a climate policy action aimed, not only at incentivizing abatement, but also at promoting clean electricity solutions to climate change. These solutions have two competing sources. On the one hand, there are climate change solutions consisting of technological innovations that mitigate the intermittency and variability problems associated with renewable sources of electricity. Such solutions, when adequate, reduce the cost-disadvantage of renewable sources at reaching large-scale deployment. On the other hand, there are climate change solutions consisting of carbon abatement technologies that mitigate the trade-off between abatement effort and electricity output among fossil fuel generators. CCS technologies are an essential component of these fossil fuel-based climate change solutions. The main contribution of this essay is to show that, in countries with an abundant supply of fossil fuels, subsidizing fossil fuel-based climate change solutions can be an integral part of a cost-effective climate policy action aimed at achieving ambitious emissions reductions.
Lassus, Saint-Geniès Géraud de. "La prise en compte des aspects économiques du défi climatique dans le régime juridique international du climat." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26033.
Full textBooks on the topic "Échange de droits d'émission (Environnement) – Californie"
Auteur, Convery Frank J., and Perthuis Christian de Auteur, eds. Le prix du carbone: Les enseignements du marché européen du CO2. Pearson Education France, 2010.